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de Bock, G. H., H. W. J. van Marwijk, A. A. Kaptein, and J. D. Mulder. "Osteoarthritis pain assessment in family practice." Arthritis Care & Research 7, no. 1 (March 1994): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1790070109.
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Rughani, Amar. "Workplace-based assessment and the art of performance." British Journal of General Practice 58, no. 553 (August 1, 2008): 582–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp08x319783.
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Kozlowska, Kasia, and Lesley Hanney. "Family Assessment and Intervention Using an Interactive Art Exercise." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 20, no. 2 (June 1999): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1467-8438.1999.tb00358.x.
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Knežević, Zoran. "Asteroid Family Identification: History and State of the Art." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, S318 (August 2015): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315008728.
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AbstractThe history of asteroid families, from their discovery back in 1918, until the present time, is briefly reviewed. Two threads have been followed: on the development of the theories of asteroid motion and the computation of proper elements, and on the methods of classification themselves. Three distinct periods can be distinguished: the first one until mid-1930s, devoted to discovery and first attempts towards understanding of the properties of families; the second one, until early 1980s, characterized by a growing understanding of their importance as key evidence of the collisional evolution; the third one, characterized by an explosion of work and results, comprises the contemporary era. An assessment is given of the state-of-the-art and possible directions for the future effort, focusing on the dynamical studies, and on improvements of classification methods to cope with ever increasing data set.
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Cognetta-Rieke, Cheristi. "The Art of Story." Creative Nursing 20, no. 3 (2014): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1078-4535.20.3.153.
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Story is an intimate human resource to describe our being within the world. This article demonstrates the use of this human resource within a patient- and family-centered care initiative developed with and for the pediatric patient population. It describes the purpose, objectives, and design of the MyStory initiative as well as its impact on patient satisfaction scores. Finally, this article challenges current methods of data collection and assessment to include patient stories in order to involve children in care planning and decision making to ensure whole-person care.
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Vanham, Davy. "Water Resources for Sustainable Healthy Diets: State of the Art and Outlook." Water 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 3224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113224.
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Sustainable healthy diets are high on the research and policy agendas. One of the crucial resources to provide such diets are water resources. This paper provides a brief overview of the current research state regarding this topic, with a focus on the water footprint concept, as latter quantifies water use along a supply chain. The water footprint (WF) quantifies blue and green water consumption, as both these water resources are essential for food and energy production as well as for the environment. Different kinds of information are embedded in a dietary WF and different data sources and modelling approaches exist, leading to WF dietary amounts that are not always directly comparable. A full sustainability assessment of a dietary WF encompasses three components: (1) an equity assessment of the total WF amount; (2) an efficiency assessment for each food item in the diet as well as (3) an impact assessment (blue water stress and green water scarcity) for each food item in the diet. The paper concludes with an outlook on future research on the topic, listing the following points: (1) future clarity in system boundary and modelling assumptions, with comparison of results between different approaches; (2) full sustainability assessments including all three components; (3) dietary footprint family assessments with the WF as one member; (4) WF assessments for multiple dietary regimes with support to the development of local dietary guidelines and (5) assessment of the synergies with LCA-based mid-point (scarcity-weighted WF) and end-point (especially human health) indicators and evaluation of the validity and empirical significance of these two indicators
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Ketelaar, Marjolijn, Aline Bogossian, Michael Saini, Anne Visser-Meily, and Lucyna Lach. "Assessment of the family environment in pediatric neurodisability: a state-of-the-art review." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 59, no. 3 (October 3, 2016): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13287.
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Davidson, Simon. "Family Therapy — Where Are We, and Where Are We Going?" Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 9 (December 1986): 846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378603100911.
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There has been considerable growth and development in the field of family assessment and therapy over the past thirty years. This management approach provides a useful tool in the assessment, management and treatment of children, adolescents and families with various psychiatric disorders and mental health problems. This paper provides a broad overview and a critical evaluation of the present state of the art, paying particular attention to the integration and present status of clinical practice, theoretical models, research, teaching and training programs. Based on the emerging trends, directions for the future are suggested including an exploration of the integration of different therapeutic modalities. Finally, the practical problems associated with the leaching of these approaches in General Psychiatry Training Programs are addressed.
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Oszust, Mariusz. "A Regression-Based Family of Measures for Full-Reference Image Quality Assessment." Measurement Science Review 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msr-2016-0040.
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Abstract The advances in the development of imaging devices resulted in the need of an automatic quality evaluation of displayed visual content in a way that is consistent with human visual perception. In this paper, an approach to full-reference image quality assessment (IQA) is proposed, in which several IQA measures, representing different approaches to modelling human visual perception, are efficiently combined in order to produce objective quality evaluation of examined images, which is highly correlated with evaluation provided by human subjects. In the paper, an optimisation problem of selection of several IQA measures for creating a regression-based IQA hybrid measure, or a multimeasure, is defined and solved using a genetic algorithm. Experimental evaluation on four largest IQA benchmarks reveals that the multimeasures obtained using the proposed approach outperform state-of-the-art full-reference IQA techniques, including other recently developed fusion approaches.
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Zaliska, O. M., К. О. Ya Stasiv, and N. M. Maksymovych. "Assessment of availability of assisted reproductive technologies in Ukraine and the world." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 4 (July 30, 2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.4.20.05.
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In Ukraine, in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, the State Strategy for the Implementation of the State Policy for the Provision of the Population with Medicines for the Period until 2025 has been approved, which includes improving the availability of drugs to improve the quality of life. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) are gaining widespread implementation and funding from the budget in the world.
Goal – the aim of the work was to analyze the state and dynamics of ART cycles in Ukraine for 1999–2019 and to estimate the cost of ART in Ukraine and to develop a methodology for estimating the availability of ART and comparison with European countries.
Materials – international and domestic publications on the assessment of the availability of drugs, the cost of ART. Research methods: system analysis, data synthesis and generalization of information, webometric analysis, statistical analysis of data on the number of ART cycles for 1999-2018, analysis of ART costs.
It is determined that the indicator of the number of ART cycles per 1 million population increased 29.9 times for 1999–2018, which is due to the increase in the number of ART centers conducted ART cycles in relation to the decrease in the population of Ukraine.
It was found that 85% of ART centers are concentrated in only 4 cities (Kyiv, Lviv, Odessa, Kharkiv), which reduces the accessibility of the population to ART cycles, especially in the conditions of quarantine and pandemic COVID-19. It was found that in 1999–2018 the number of ART centers increased 7.7 times, but only 10.8% of ART centers have state funding, which indicates the low availability of ART for budget funds.
It was found that the structure of ART cycles changed significantly. The average costs for the most common ART cycles IVF and ICSI in Ukraine as of the end of 2019 have been determined. It has been shown that only 26% of ART centers provide information on the cost of ART cycles, and web pages need to be filled with information on the cost of ART cycles to ensure that patients are properly informed.
It is shown that in Ukraine as of 2020 the costs of ART cycles are 24 425–30 516 UAH (917,25–1 010,57 Euro) depending on the type of cycle from the perspective of the payer. It is estimated that the availability of ART is 1.5–9.98 depending on the type of ART cycle, the cost of ART cycles is 6–10 times higher than the average family income, when in European countries the availability of ART is much lower 1,5–4.2, which showed higher availability of ART in European countries from payer prospect.
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Huang, Yong, Changsong Shao, Biao Wu, James L. Beck, and Hui Li. "State-of-the-art review on Bayesian inference in structural system identification and damage assessment." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 6 (November 23, 2018): 1329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218811540.
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Bayesian inference provides a powerful approach to system identification and damage assessment for structures. The application of Bayesian method is motivated by the fact that inverse problems in structural engineering, including structural health monitoring, are typically ill-conditioned and ill-posed when using noisy incomplete data because of various sources of modeling uncertainties. One should not just search for a single “optimal” value for the vector of model parameters but rather attempt to describe the whole family of plausible model parameters based on measured data using a Bayesian probabilistic framework. In this article, the fundamental principles of Bayesian analysis and computation are summarized; then a review is given of recent state-of-the-art practices of Bayesian inference in system identification and damage assessment for civil infrastructure. Discussions of the benefits and deficiencies of these approaches, as well as potentially useful avenues for future studies, are also provided. Our focus is on meeting challenges that arise from system identification and damage assessment for the civil infrastructure but our presented theories also have a considerably broader applicability for inverse problems in science and technology.
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Morrison, Penny, Patricia W. Nishimoto, John B. Kim, Carolina Medina-Dupaix, and Erin O’Carroll Bantum. "Perceived Impact of Participation in a One-Time Expressive Arts Workshop." Military Medicine 184, no. 5-6 (September 25, 2018): e242-e247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy240.
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Abstract Introduction This 2015 study examined the use of art to express the experience of the cancer journey of military cancer patients/cancer survivors, family and friends, caregivers, volunteers, and staff members through a one-time art-making workshop, administered by non-art therapists. Using art to express a medical/cancer journey may give participants, who cannot express their feelings in words, the ability to articulate their experience through art that looks at the creative process rather than the end result – expressive art. Materials and Methods This mixed methods study examined the use of art to express the cancer journey of participants. Twenty-eight adults participated in a one-time expressive arts workshop conducted by non-professional art therapists at a military medical center. The five domains of the Emotion Thermometer were analyzed to determine if the pre-event and post-event assessment results would differ. The Silver Drawing Test and Draw-a-Story assessment tools were used to identify emotions and attitudinal stance on six separate five-point scales. A qualitative analysis was done using the phenomenological method of the post-interviews that facilitated open expression to identify themes. Results A significant difference was found between the pre-event and post-event analyses using the Emotion Thermometer, with post-assessment results revealing lower levels in the three domains of distress, anxiety, and depression. The Silver Drawing Test and Draw-a-Story were analyzed for six components using a five-point scale, with the highest scores being content/meaning, ability to combine, and creativity. A qualitative analysis was done using the phenomenological method; post-interviews provided information to categorize the experience into four key themes: environment, connection, emotions, and discoveries. Conclusions Using art to express one’s journey through cancer allows participants to articulate that journey “beyond language.” This mixed methods study was administered by five non-professional art therapists with three having no expressive arts background. This study established that an expressive arts workshop can effectively be conducted by non-professional art therapists. The team of non-professional art therapists, who facilitated this one-time art-making workshop, demonstrated that a military member’s stress can be decreased by giving them “a voice” through expressive art.
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Filipchuk, Georgii. "ART FOR FREEDOM OF EDUCATION." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 13 (March 9, 2016): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2016.13.171532.
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It was found that culture and art school in Ukrainian should be the highest component of a comprehensive education that ensures the full development of the individual. Arts education should be the means which will promote the development of human resources, cultural capital. Analyzed the European experience of art education, which proves that much attention to the creation of cultural and educational common space (elementary school plus libraries plus Museum) and the development of educational functions of museums, cultural centers, libraries, music institutions. It uses all available resources for formal and informal art education. It is proved that cultural and artistic component is necessary for full education from an early age. The author argues that cultural and educational policy of the state should be treated in accordance with the global trends of global development, the national philosophy and tradition, civil society needs, interests and motivations of man. Every era, historical period, every people have their own specific ethical, aesthetic standards in the assessment of needs and levels of education, culture and art. The abovementioned gives rise not only to state: the harsh competitiveness of global world; the presence of outstanding universal values of humanity for sustainable development; the need for the creation and struggles for self own "I", but also the duty to form primarily ethical responsibility in relation to the individual, family, homeland, native land, culture, language, faith and traditions. Because it is such quality characteristics must belong to a citizen of the world, because the illusion is great hope to establish civilized globalism, leaving a "melting pot" of nation-making people.
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Vance, Amy. "Family history risk assessment by a genetic counselor is a critical step in screening all patients in the ART clinic." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 37, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 2279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-020-01870-y.
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Reder, Peter, and Ken Israelstam. "A ‘Consultation’ Workshop for Child Psychiatrists in Training." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 12, no. 6 (June 1988): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s014007890002023x.
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Child psychiatrists-in-training must become conversant with a range of inter-personal skills—psychotherapy, family therapy, management, consultation—in addition to their traditional expertise of assessment, differential diagnosis and psychiatric treatments in different settings. In the Riverside training scheme we have introduced a Consultation Workshop to help trainees learn this essential art, for although it is said to be practised widely it has seldom been taught systematically. This is a report from the first 18 months of the Workshop's studies.
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Koval, N. V., and A. N. Zenkin. "Deprivation of parental rights through the prism of appeal." Psychology and Law 8, no. 4 (2018): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2018080405.
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The article raises the question of the application to parents of extreme measures of family legal responsibility-deprivation of parental rights. Turning to the constitutional status of the family in the Russian Federation, determining the policy of the state, the authors show the fundamental importance of the family and the role of parents in the upbringing of children. Arguing over the nature of their freedom to act in the performance of their child-rearing duties, the authors analyze the legislative prohibitions that restrict such freedom in cases where the latter begin to act contrary to the interests of the child. The purpose and the closed list of the bases for application of a punishment measure in the form of deprivation of parental rights (Art. 69 of the RF IC) is opened, it is specified on their detailed explanations by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Familiarization with them shows the complexity and ambiguity in the assessment of the same circumstances that lead various courts to diametrically opposed decisions on the possibility of deprivation of parental rights. The analysis of the regional judicial practice allowed the authors to look at the problem through the eyes of the court of appeal, as well as to summarize and formulate the grounds that formed the basis of the appellate rulings that overturn the decisions of lower courts on the issue under consideration.
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Geelhoed, Diederike, Tom Decroo, Sergio Dezembro, Humberto Matias, Faustino Lessitala, Fausto Muzila, Luisa Brumana, and Emanuele Capobianco. "Utilization of and Barriers to HIV and MCH Services among Community ART Group Members and Their Families in Tete, Mozambique." AIDS Research and Treatment 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/937456.
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Mozambique continues to face many challenges in HIV and maternal and child health care (MCH). Community-based antiretroviral treatment groups (CAG) enhance retention to care among members, but whether such benefits extend to their families and to MCH remains unclear. In 2011 we studied utilization of HIV and MCH services among CAG members and their family aggregates in Changara, Mozambique, through a mixed-method assessment. We systematically revised all patient-held health cards from CAG members and their non-CAG family aggregate members and conducted semistructured group discussions on MCH topics. Quantitative data were analysed in EPI-Info. Qualitative data were manually thematically analysed. Information was retrieved from 1,624 persons, of which 420 were CAG members (26%). Good compliance with HIV treatment among CAG members was shared with non-CAG HIV-positive family members on treatment, but many family aggregate members remained without testing, and, when HIV positive, without HIV treatment. No positive effects from the CAG model were found for MCH service utilization. Barriers for utilization mentioned centred on insufficient knowledge, limited community-health facility collaboration, and structural health system limitations. CAG members were open to include MCH in their groups, offering the possibility to extend patient involvement to other health needs. We recommend that lessons learnt from HIV-based activism, patient involvement, and community participation are applied to broader SRH services, including MCH care.
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Miguel, MD, Rodríguez-Guerra,, Pandey, Neelanjana MD, Shrestha, Elina, MD, and Vittorio, Timothy J. MD. "The Art of the Clinician." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 6, no. 09 (September 16, 2021): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i09/1206.
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Background: The promotion of clinical abilities could represent a significant factor leading the clinicians to in making the correct diagnosis in a timely matter. Case: Our patient is a 42-year-old African male with a history of Hypertension, ESRD on hemodialysis via right-sided Permcath (PC), Mastoidectomy & Right ear surgery due to trauma in childhood, AV Fistula (Needed intervention 4 times) in left upper extremity, admitted due to witnessed seizures in the setting of hypertensive emergency. The patient denied family history and toxic habits. While the patient was at the emergency room, CT head revealed stable curvilinear hyper-attenuation thought to be a thrombosed developmental vein more likely than small subarachnoid hemorrhage. He was loaded with levetiracetam, received Ativan 1mg IV and HD done as per Nephrology. The patient was transferred to the floor he was not in acute distress and was asymptomatic, the cardiovascular (CV) examination showed regular pulse, normal S1, S2, S4+ appreciated with 2/4 diastolic murmur at second right intercostal space (ICS); 2/6 pansystolic murmur at third right intercostal space left parasternal border (LPSB) radiated to the right parasternal border (RPSB) and right mid-clavicular line (MCL); 3/6 systolic murmur at 5LICS MCL radiated to the posterior axillar line (PAL). Point of maximal impulse (PMI) displaced to mid axillar line (MAL). Parasternal heave present; the neurological exam was preserved. Endocarditis was suspected and echocardiogram was expedited, it showed severe aortic regurgitation, 1.60cm x 1.68cm mass in the tip of the catheter in the right atrium, possible vegetation in the tricuspid valve with mild regurgitation, moderate mitral valve regurgitation. Later, staphylococcus epidermidis was identified in blood cultures twice, as well as the culture from the PC. The transesophageal echocardiogram found 2.41 X 0.62 cm mass appears to be a fibrin sheath, possibly remnant of a prior catheter, small perforation in the non-coronary cusp likely in the setting of healed endocarditis. Infectious disease onboard for antibiotic management. Conclusion: The art of the clinician goes beyond the available technology; it could prevent the loss of critical time as well as unnecessary studies, guiding a better assessment and treatment of our patients and potentially improving their outcomes.
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Greenfield, Elisabeth. "The pivotal role of nursing personnel in burn care." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 43, S 01 (September 2010): S94—S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699466.
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ABSTRACTThe nurses play an important role in the overall management of a burn patient. They must be well versed with the various protocols available that can be used to rationally manage a given situation. The management not only involves medical care but also a psychological assessment of the victim and the family. The process uses a scientific method to combine systems theory with the art of nursing, entailing both problem solving techniques and a decision making process. It involves assessment of the patient to arrive at a diagnosis and then determining the patient goals. An action plan is implemented and is evaluated in the context of patient response. The article discusses many such scenarios in burn patients and outlines the nursing care plans.
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Surilena, Surilena, and Jean Valeria. "Knowledge of HIV-AIDS a dominant factor of antiretroviral therapeutic adherence in women with HIV-AIDS." Universa Medicina 34, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2015.v34.129-137.
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<p>Background<br />Antiretroviral therapy adherence (ART adherence) is a factor significantly extending life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS. The objective of this study was determine several factors on ART adherence in women infected with HIV/AIDS. <br /><br />Methods<br />A cross-sectional study involving 99 women with HIV/AIDS who were infected through their sexual partner or spouse was conducted in Dharmais Hospital between March and August 2014. The instruments used were demographic and self-esteem questionnaires, Hamilton rating scale for depression, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, knowledge, perception of ART benefits and limitations, family support, peer support as well as assessment of ART adherence. The knowledge questionnaire has been validated with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.823. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression. <br /><br />Results<br />A total of 99 women with HIV/AIDS participated in the study, with an age range of 30- 60 years and mean age of 36 ± 3.72 years. A total of 57.58% of participants showed poor ART adherence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge, ART side effects, depression, peer support and ARV availability significantly affected ART adherence (p<0.05). The most dominant factor affecting ART adherence was knowledge, with OR = 64.02 (95% CI 4.99-670.12). <br /><br />Conclusion<br />With good knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection, ART benefits, and possible ARV side effects, women living with HIV/AIDS are expected to carry out ART adherence according to the recommended rules.</p>
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Omech, Bernard, Joseph Sempa, Barbara Castelnuovo, Kenneth Opio, Marcel Otim, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Robert Colebunders, and Yukari C. Manabe. "Prevalence of HIV-Associated Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients Taking First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda." ISRN AIDS 2012 (August 23, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/960178.
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Introduction. While the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy decreased HIV-related morbidity and mortality rates in the sub-Saharan Africa, a subsequent increase in metabolic abnormalities has been observed. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV-associated metabolic abnormalities among patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in an ART clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Methods. Four hundred forty-two consecutive patients on first-line ART for at least 12 months were screened for eligibility in a cross-sectional study, and 423 were enrolled. Pre-ART patient characteristics were abstracted from medical charts, examinations included anthropometric measurement and physical assessment for lipodystrophy. Results. The prevalence of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia was 16.3% (69/423) and 81.5% (345/423), respectively. Prevalence of dyslipidemia between stavudine- and zidovudine-based regimens (91% versus 72%; P<0.001). Being on stavudine (aOR 4.79, 95%, 2.45–9.38) and peak body weight (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.05–1.97) were independent risk factors for dylipidemia. Stavudine (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27–0.93) use was associated with lower risk for hyperglycemia while, and older age (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11–1.56) and having a family history of DM (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.10–4.34) were independent risk factors for hyperglycemia. Conclusions. HIV-associated metabolic complications were prevalent among patients on thymidine analogue-containing ART regimens. Screening for lipid and glucose abnormalities should be considered in ART patients because of cardiovascular risks.
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Aung Myo Oo, Al-abed Ali Ahmed Al-abed, Ohn Mar Lwin, Sowmya Sham Kanneppady, Tee Yee Sim, Nor Ashikeen Mukti, Anis Safirah Zahariluddin, and Faizul Jaffar. "TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PREDICTION IN MALAYSIA USING MODIFIED DIABETES RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.1/art.442.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming major health threat worldwide and it is extremely common in clinical setting. Malaysia is one of the highest diabetic populations among Asian countries and the new cases are increasing day to day. Early detection of people with high risk of Type 2 DM by using simple, easy and cost-effective assessment tool is the better way to identify and prevent the community from this non-communicable disease. The objectives of the study were to identify those are high risk to become type 2DM among Malaysians by using risk scoring form and to educate them how to prevent it. Total 591 subjects were recruited from the health screening programs carried out by the collaboration of Petaling Jaya Development Council (MBPJ) and Lincoln University College, Malaysia. Modified form of Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool was used to identify people at risk of becoming type 2 DM. Descriptive analysis was performed for all included variables in this study by using SPSS version 21. The study found out that almost half of the participants were found to have family history of DM, 60% of them were overweight and obese and 47% were having above normal waist circumference. We observed that nearly 60 % of participants in the study were having moderate to high risk of becoming type 2 DM in next 10 years. To conclude, the result of our study would be helpful in implementation of cost-effective, convenient Type 2 DM risk assessment tool which has yet to be implemented in Malaysia.
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E, Mangoro, Chitura M, and Mayida A. "An Assessment of the Experiences of Caregivers of Children with HIV and AIDS at a Children’s Opportunistic Infections Clinic: Zimbabwe." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 6 (June 29, 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i6.257.
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The purpose of the study was to assess the experiences of caregivers of children with HIV and AIDS at a Children’s opportunistic infections clinic in Zimbabwe. The main objectives of the study were to determine the kind of relationships existing between the caregivers and the children, to establish the caregivers’ level of knowledge of HIV and AIDS, the treatment modalities involved, to assess the caregivers’ levels of adherence to ART, to establish the caregivers’ support systems and to find out the problems faced by caregivers during their care giving roles. A mixed method approach was employed. A sample of ten caregivers, comprising 4 biological mothers, 3 female relatives, 1 male relative, 1 foster parent and 1 child caregiver was drawn from a population of 423 caregivers of children with HIV and AIDS. who had defaulted treatment and/or missed review dates. The main findings of the study were that, most of the caregivers were the children’s biological mothers and female relatives, and they had known the children since birth. It was found that, prior to the initiation of ART, all the participants were trained to care for the children and were given guidelines on nutrition and drug therapy. Furthermore, all the participants showed knowledge of HIV and AIDS, its prevention and management. While participants mentioned that they received social support from family and friends, it was noted that the burden of care still fell hard on them as they were the ones who stayed with the children and had to be physically available to give care. The challenges faced by caregivers in adhering to ART were found to be financial constraints, living remotely from health care centers, transport problems, contradictory cultural beliefs and stigma. Recommendations included increasing staff compliment, step up sensitization campaigns through Health education programmes and disseminate research findings to stakeholders. Funds permitting, two year longitudinal studies be undertaken in Zimbabwe to ascertain ART adherence.
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Boivin, Michael J., Miriam Chernoff, Lee Fairlie, Barbara Laughton, Bonnie Zimmer, Celeste Joyce, Linda Barlow-Mosha, et al. "African Multi-Site 2-Year Neuropsychological Study of School-Age Children Perinatally Infected, Exposed, and Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 7 (December 18, 2019): e105-e114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1088.
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Abstract Background Children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at neuropsychological risk for cognitive and motor dysfunction. However, few prospective, multi-site studies have evaluated neuropsychological outcomes longitudinally among perinatally infected African children who received early antiretroviral treatment (ART). Methods We enrolled 611 children aged 5 to 11 years at 6 sites (South Africa [3], Zimbabwe, Malawi, Uganda). Of these, there were 246 children living with HIV (HIV+) who were initiated on ART before 3 years of age in a prior clinical trial comparing nevirapine to lopinavir/ritonavir (International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinical Trials [IMPAACT] P1060); 183 age-matched, exposed but uninfected (HEU) children; and 182 unexposed and uninfected (HUU) children. They were compared across 3 assessment time points (Weeks 0, 48, and 96) on cognitive ability (Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition [KABC-II]), attention/impulsivity (Tests of Variables of Attention [TOVA]), motor proficiency (Bruininks-Oseretsky Test, second edition [BOT-2]), and on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). The cohorts were compared using linear mixed models, adjusting for site, child’s age and sex, and selected personal/family control variables. Results The HIV+ cohort performed significantly worse than the HEU and HUU cohorts for all KABC-II, TOVA, and BOT-2 performance outcomes across all 3 time points (P values < .001). The HUU and HEU cohorts were comparable. For the KABC-II planning/reasoning subtests, the HIV+ children showed less improvement over time than the HUU and HEU groups. The groups did not differ significantly on the BRIEF. Conclusions Despite initiation of ART in early childhood and good viral suppression at the time of enrollment, the HIV+ group had poorer neuropsychological performance over time, with the gap progressively worsening in planning/reasoning. This can be debilitating for self-management in adolescence.
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Salmina, A. V. "ON THE NEED FOR SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE INTRODUCTION OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN BELARUS." Journal of the Grodno State Medical University 19, no. 4 (September 12, 2021): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2021-19-4-451-456.
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Background. At present there are no scientifically substantiated data on the problems of introducing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the Republic of Belarus. The relevance of developing approaches, organizing opinion polls and processing data on a representative sample of Belarusians does not raise doubts in view of the relationship between social attitudes in the field of reproductive health and the national security of the country. Purpose. Substantiation of medical and sociological study of ART in the population of the Republic of Belarus. Material and methods. The bibliographic analysis included the study of Russian and foreign experience in assessing the sociological aspects of reproductology (materials of Springer Link, Oxford University Press, The New England Journal of Medicine, The British Medical Journal, the SCOPUS database of Elsevier, the EBSCO platform), as well as the analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of reproductology. Results. In the country, the interests of the party that wants to become a parent (surrogate motherhood, donation) are respected as much as possible. The medicalized approach to the definition of ART methods in Belarus is typical, as in other post-Soviet countries, which are characterized by a classical (nuclear) understanding of the family. Taking into account the current trends in the development of the market for reproductive technologies and those techniques that are used in reproductive centers of the Republic of Belarus, it is necessary in the legislative framework to provide for the rules and possibilities of using such methods as hatching (dissection of the embryo membrane), intracytoplasmic sperm injection, intracytoplasmic sperm injection after selection according to morphological criteria, preimplantation diagnostics. Conclusions. The following areas are relevant for Belarus: 1) study of the awareness of the population of the Republic of Belarus about ART; 2) assessment of social trust in ART on the part of the population; 3) development of technologies for positive reproductive attitudes in society, including the use of ART.
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Giusti, Betti, Stefano Nistri, Elena Sticchi, Rosina De Cario, Rosanna Abbate, Gian Franco Gensini, and Guglielmina Pepe. "A Case Based Approach to Clinical Genetics of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm/Dissection." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9579654.
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Thoracic aortic aneurysm/dissection (TAAD) is a potential lethal condition with a rising incidence. This condition may occur sporadically; nevertheless, it displays familial clustering in >20% of the cases. Family history confers a six- to twentyfold increased risk of TAAD and has to be considered in the identification and evaluation of patients needing an adequate clinical follow-up. Familial TAAD recognizes a number of potential etiologies with a significant genetic heterogeneity, in either syndromic or nonsyndromic forms of the manifestation. The clinical impact and the management of patients with TAAD differ according to the syndromic and nonsyndromic forms of the manifestation. The clinical management of TAAD patients varies, depending on the different forms. Starting from the description of patient history, in this paper, we summarized the state of the art concerning assessment of clinical/genetic profile and therapeutic management of TAAD patients.
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Nikolskaya, Irina Mihailovna. "The method of serial drawings and stories in psychological counseling to resolve disputes between parents about the child's upbringing." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 6, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped64105-111.
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The urgency to develop new approaches to psychological counseling families in situations of settling disputes between the parents on the upbringing of the child is determined by the increasing frequency of such requests to clinical psychologists. Such consultations suggest the need for a rapid assessment of the psychological state, characteristics and relationships of experiencing parental divorce children. The aim of the article - to provide a description of I. M. Nikolskaya method of serial drawings and stories; to demonstrate the possibilities of its use in psychological counseling for resolution of the dispute between parents about parenting and procedure of meetings with the child on a clinical example. The method of serial drawings and stories is the integrative art therapeutic technology based on the projective approach. The method simultaneously solves the problem of psychological research and counseling in the specific situation of the child and his parents appeal to the psychologist. The article presents the short description of the method procedure, its stages and aims, the order of drawings topics. The techniques of art therapeutic interview and its advantages (concrete, detachment, structured, therapeutic effect) and showed. The information obtained through the application of the method in the form of images and texts can serve as an objective material to draw conclusions about the child’s subjective family situation view and well-being in the family. To illustrate the possibilities of the method of serial drawings and stories the clinical case of 7 years girl’s psychological counseling, conducted at the request of her mother in connection with the judicial review of the order of father and daughter meetings after a divorce, is analyzed.
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Andreeva, Valeria G. "N. N. Strakhov on the epic basis of Leo Tolstoy's works." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 1, no. 24 (2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-1-24-18-25.
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The article deals with the problem of Nikolay Strakhov's assessment of the genre originality in Leo Tolstoy's works. The author of the article believes that Strakhov's philosophical observations of the 1870-s were especially significant for the artistic and moral search of Tolstoy, who, mainly under the influence of Strakhov's ideas, strove for allinclusiveness. Strakhov was the first to speak boldly enough about the religious foundations of Tolstoy's art, which demanded a special artistic form that could «embrace the unembraceable», accommodate people's life in its diversity and fullness. Strakhov's articles on War and Peace make accurate remarks about the artist's epic talent based on religious art, about his elevation above the traditional novel conflict. The author of the article shows that unlike K. N. Leontiev, who spoke of Tolstoy's growing objectivity as he freed himself from the allegedly pernicious influence of the natural school, Strakhov in his articles on War and Peace stresses the writer's truthfulness, absence of hypocrisy and reveals remarkable features of his epic narrative. In Tolstoy's works, life is not generalized in advance, the writer's position does not obscure the versatile and complex nature of existence. Step by step Strakhov comes to understanding the epic nature of Tolstoy's artistic worlds, which is understood not just as a calm and unhurried manner of narration, but as a revival of the scope of ancient epics in the new literature. Strakhov's subtle outline of the two foundations of Russian epic art showed a profound connection between the family theme in Russian literature and the idea of progress. By comparing the works of Tolstoy and Pushkin, Strakhov raised the figure of the former significantly above the momentary disputes, above his contemporary literature engulfed by nihilistic trends, defining the significance of the writer in the formation of truly people’s art.
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PROKHOROVA, Oksana Germanovna, Igor Ashotovich AKOPYANTS, and Vyacheslav Petrovich TIGROV. "THE SOCIAL SUCCESS FORMATION OF ORPHANED CHILDREN AND CHILDREN LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE BY MEANS OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 176 (2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-176-20-28.
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We present the experience in the formation of social success of orphaned children by means of additional education (circus art). The concept of social success is considered. It is noted that in the modern understanding of child social success there are objective and subjective aspects. Also noted that the basis of the educational process in the conditions of the center for the promotion of family education should be individual and personal development of pupils. Disclosed forms of work used in the School of Circus Arts named after Y.V. Nikulin, the formation of social success of orphaned children and children left without parental care. Groups of criteria for assessment of social success of pupils of the organization for orphaned children and children without parental care are presented: the first group of criteria is connected with direct social success of the pupil and includes level of development of communicative skills; level of socialization; success in development of subjects of additional education; participation in public activity, in actions of organization and out of walls of organization; achievements in educational and extra-curricular activity; acceptance of family values; motivation to maintaining a healthy lifestyle; the second group of criteria is related to the social success of graduates of the institution: professional self-determination; well-being in family life; participation in public activities; maintaining a healthy lifestyle; legal literacy, etc.; the third group of criteria is related to the evaluation of the institution's activities: maintaining the image and reputation of the institution; excluding secondary orphanhood among graduates; reducing the number of pupils prone to deviant behavior; family life forms of pupils.
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Mata-Carballeira, Óscar, Mikel Díaz-Rodríguez, Inés del Campo, and Victoria Martínez. "An Intelligent System-on-a-Chip for a Real-Time Assessment of Fuel Consumption to Promote Eco-Driving." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 19, 2020): 6549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186549.
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Pollution that originates from automobiles is a concern in the current world, not only because of global warming, but also due to the harmful effects on people’s health and lives. Despite regulations on exhaust gas emissions being applied, minimizing unsuitable driving habits that cause elevated fuel consumption and emissions would achieve further reductions. For that reason, this work proposes a self-organized map (SOM)-based intelligent system in order to provide drivers with eco-driving-intended driving style (DS) recommendations. The development of the DS advisor uses driving data from the Uyanik instrumented car. The system classifies drivers regarding the underlying causes of non-optimal DSs from the eco-driving viewpoint. When compared with other solutions, the main advantage of this approach is the personalization of the recommendations that are provided to motorists, comprising the handling of the pedals and the gearbox, with potential improvements in both fuel consumption and emissions ranging from the 9.5% to the 31.5%, or even higher for drivers that are strongly engaged with the system. It was successfully implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device of the Xilinx ZynQ programmable system-on-a-chip (PSoC) family. This SOM-based system allows for real-time implementation, state-of-the-art timing performances, and low power consumption, which are suitable for developing advanced driving assistance systems (ADASs).
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Santen, Richard J., Norman F. Boyd, Rowan T. Chlebowski, Steven Cummings, Jack Cuzick, Mitch Dowsett, Douglas Easton, et al. "Critical assessment of new risk factors for breast cancer: considerations for development of an improved risk prediction model." Endocrine-Related Cancer 14, no. 2 (June 2007): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-06-0045.
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The majority of candidates for breast cancer prevention have not accepted tamoxifen because of the perception of an unfavorable risk/benefit ratio and the acceptance of raloxifene remains to be determined. One means of improving this ratio is to identify women at very high risk of breast cancer. Family history, age, atypia in a benign biopsy, and reproductive factors are the main parameters currently used to determine risk. The most powerful risk factor, mammographic density, is not presently employed routinely. Other potentially important factors are plasma estrogen and androgen levels, bone density, weight gain, age of menopause, and fracture history, which are also not currently used in a comprehensive risk prediction model because of lack of prospective validation. The Breast Cancer Prevention Collaborative Group (BCPCG) met to critically examine and prioritize risk factors that might be selected for further testing by multivariate analysis using existing clinical material. The BCPCG reached a consensus that quantitative breast density, state of the art plasma estrogen and androgen measurements, history of fracture and height loss, BMI, and waist–hip ratio had sufficient priority for further testing. As a practical approach, these parameters could be added to the existing Tyrer–Cuzick model which encompasses factors included in both the Claus and Gail models. The BCPCG analyzed potentially available clinical material from previous prospective studies and determined that a large case/control study to evaluate these new factors might be feasible at this time.
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Benedict, Catherine, Jennifer S. Ford, Lidia Schapira, Pamela Simon, David Spiegel, and Michael Diefenbach. "Family-building decision aid and planning tool for young adult women after cancer treatment: protocol for preliminary testing of a web-based decision support intervention in a single-arm pilot study." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e033630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033630.
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IntroductionMany young adult female (YA-F) cancer survivors who received gonadotoxic therapy will experience fertility problems. After cancer, having a child will often require assisted reproductive technology (ART), surrogacy or adoption. However, there are significant informational, psychosocial, financial and logistical barriers to pursuing these options. Survivors report high rates of decision uncertainty and distress related to family-building decisions. The aim of this study is to pilot test a web-based decision aid and planning tool for family-building after cancer.Methods and analysisThe pilot study will use a single-arm trial design to test the feasibility and acceptability (aim 1) and obtain effect size estimates of the decision support intervention (aim 2). The target sample size is 100. Participants will include YA-F survivors (aged 18–45 years) who are post-treatment and have not completed desired family-building. A longitudinal prepost design will be conducted. Participants will complete three psychosocial assessment surveys over a 3-month time period to track decisional conflict (primary outcome) and cognitive, emotional, and behavioural functioning (secondary outcomes). After completing the baseline survey (T1; pre-intervention), participants will have access to the decision aid website. Postintervention surveys will be administered at 1-month (T2) and 3-month (T3) follow-up time points. Feasibility and acceptability metrics will be analysed. Pairwise t-tests will test mean scores of outcome variables from T1 to T2. Effect size estimates (Cohen’s d) will be calculated. Google analytics will evaluate user engagement with the website over the study period. Baseline and follow-up data will examine measures of feasibility, acceptability and intervention effect size.Ethics and disseminationThis will be the first test of a supportive intervention to guide YA-F cancer survivors in family-building decisions and early planning. Study findings will inform intervention development. Future directions will include a randomised controlled trial to test intervention efficacy over a longer time period.Trial registration numberNCT04059237; Pre-results.
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Saeed, Mohd, Ambreen Shoaib, Munazzah Tasleem, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Md Jahoor Alam, Zeina El Asmar, Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal, et al. "Assessment of Antidiabetic Activity of the Shikonin by Allosteric Inhibition of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) Using State of Art: An In Silico and In Vitro Tactics." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 3996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133996.
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Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease that affects both developing and developed countries and is a major public health concern. Many synthetic drugs are available in the market, which counteracts the associated pathologies. However, due to the propensity of side effects, there is an unmet need for the investigation of safe and effective drugs. This research aims to find a novel phytoconstituent having diminished action on blood glucose levels with the least side effects. Shikonin is a naturally occurring naphthoquinone dying pigment obtained by the roots of the Boraginaceae family. Besides its use as pigments, it can be used as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent. This research aimed to hypothesize the physicochemical and phytochemical properties of Shikonin’s in silico interaction with protein tyrosine phosphate 1B, as well as it’s in vitro studies, in order to determine its potential anti-diabetic impact. To do so, molecular docking experiments with target proteins were conducted to assess their anti-diabetic ability. Analyzing associations with corresponding amino acids revealed the significant molecular interactions between Shikonin and diabetes-related target proteins. In silico pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile of Shikonin using ADMET Descriptor, Toxicity Prediction, and Calculate Molecular Properties tools from Biovia Discovery Studio v4.5. Filter by Lipinski and Veber Rule’s module from Biovia Discovery Studio v4.5 was applied to assess the drug-likeness of Shikonin. The in vitro studies exposed that Shikonin shows an inhibitory potential against the PTP1B with an IC50 value of 15.51 µM. The kinetics studies revealed that it has a competitive inhibitory effect (Ki = 7.5 M) on the enzyme system, which could be useful in the production of preventive and therapeutic agents. The findings of this research suggested that the Shikonin could be used as an anti-diabetic agent and can be used as a novel source for drug delivery.
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Khalezova, N. В., Е. V. Boyeva, В. В. Rassokhin, T. A. Stasishkis, A. Yu Kovelenov, E. V. Studilko, and N. A. Belyakov. "WOMEN COINFECTED WITH HIV AND VHC. PART 1. PSYCHOSOCIAL CHARACTERISTIC AND READINESS TO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY." HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 10, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2018-10-3-30-39.
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The objective of the present study was the analysis of medical and social status of women co-infected with HIV and VHC with the following assessment of their readiness to antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C virus infection (CHC) taking into account the mental health and living conditions and sustaining the adherence to antiviral therapy thereafter. Materials and methods. To clarify the social and psychological status, 100 outpatient cards of women co-infected with HIV/HCV were analyzed. The in-depth study with the assessment of the psychosocial and detoxification status and the adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) was held in fifty patients. Results. Most of the women had a long-standing history of HIV infection and HCV. Of these, 78% underwent ART and 84,6% had a high adherence to treatment. The main social problems of the women were connected with their work (34,2%) and family circumstances (26,3%). An increase in the concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), the marker of chronic alcohol abuse, was detected in three of 50 patients, and other three of the 50 had this parameter in the zone of unstable values. 72% of the patients showed mental disorders, while more than half of them (60%) had actively used psychoactive substances, and organic symptomatic mental disorder effects were observed in 20% of the patients. Most of the women were in remission on the use of psychoactive substances. Evaluation of the depression and anxiety levels has showed scattered results but in the meantime 54% of the women expressed complaints of asthenic nature, anxious mood was marked in 38% of the patients, 40% of them earlier had been suicidally inclined. Conclusion. Taking into account the social problems in one-third of patients that may negatively affect the treatment of HCV and HIV infection, it is essential to lend complimentary psychological support and assist with solving difficulties before the treatment assignment in order to increase the adherence to treatment. Due to mental health reasons, the patients need continuous observation and periodic condition correction. The majority of surveyed agree ART of CHC at this moment and in the short term but carefully relate to offered treatment regimens and its duration. Given the mental state of the patients, it can be assumed that virus C in women with HIV/HCV co-infection should be treated with direct-acting antiviral agents that do not exacerbate existing disorders. The next issue of the journal .HIV infection and immunosuppression disorders. (2018. Vol. 10, No. 4) will present the results of the study of clinical status features and the prospects for the therapy.
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Kavitha, P., and K. Sekar. "(P1-94) Psychosocial Care for Children Affected by Tsunami - Through Child Care Activity Centers." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004262.
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Psychosoical Care For Children Affected By Tsunami-Through Child Care Activities Centers Kavitha. P*, Sekar Kasi** Tsunami of 26 December 2004 shattered the lives, hopes and dreams of the people living in the coastal belts especially that of children where 37-39% of total death reported were children. Sad faith of children continued as many became orphans, single parented, lost their friends, school and happy environs where they enjoyed their life with their parents and friends. Displacement to the temporary shelters snatched away the emotional from family members, the unhygienic conditions resulted in the epidemics beyond their coping. A need assessment conducted among 1120 children in Kanniyakumari, Nagapattinam and Karaikkal revealed that impact is seen in all the children survided, 2/3 parents reported of probable problem behavior and conduct problem in children, 1/10 children were identified by teachers to have conduct problem, 1/10 children were identified by parent and child to have emotional problem due to the impact, 1/100 children impacted were behaviorally disturbed, 1/ 100 children is definitely behaviorally disturbed and has a probability of mental health problem. Children are young and in experienced to understand, comprehend or verbalize the trauma. An integrated approach model was initiated through community level workers using art as a medium. Psychosocial care was provided to children through seven mediums: Facial expressions, Thematic cards, Drawing, Family portrait, Writing, Story and Clay, in stages repeatedly. The results of the intervention revealed that the intervention was effective in reducing the trauma among children as mean for the impact has reduced from 31 to 26 after the intervention. The behavior problem reported among children reduced form 65% to 45% after intervention confirming the effectiveness of psychosocial mediums in reducing trauma among children affected by disaster. *Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India **Professor, Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.
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Kohli, Maulika, Elizabeth C. Pasipanodya, Jessica L. Montoya, Maria Marquine, Martin Hoenigl, Vanessa Serrano, Clint Cushman, et al. "A Culturally Adapted SMS Text Messaging Intervention to Promote Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among African Americans: Protocol for a Single-Arm Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): e21592. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21592.
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Background African Americans are disproportionally affected by HIV and have poorer rates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence compared to other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. Factors associated with poor HIV disease outcomes are commonly associated with sociostructural barriers that prevent engagement with and retention in HIV care. SMS text messaging interventions to promote ART adherence among predominantly non-Hispanic White persons with HIV (PWH) have been shown to be efficacious; however, limited research has been devoted to culturally tailoring interventions for underrepresented racial/ethnic groups. Considering African Americans show poorer engagement along the HIV care continuum, we developed an individualized and culturally tailored two-way SMS text messaging intervention to improve ART adherence and associated virologic suppression among African American PWH. Objective In this paper we describe the protocol of a culturally tailored individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB) intervention in a 24- to 48-week, single-arm study. Methods We developed a culturally tailored iTAB intervention, which we are implementing in a 24- to 48-week, single-arm study. Participants were recruited from the Family Health Centers of San Diego (FHCSD), a federally qualified health center. Patient inclusion criteria were (1) receiving care at the FHCSD, (2) living with HIV, (3) self-identification as Black, African American, or of African ancestry, (4) English speaking, (5) age 18 or older, (6) currently on ART, and (7) able to provide informed consent. Study enrollment began in November 2017 and closed in July 2019. A total of 90 participants from the FHCSD enrolled in the iTAB intervention, and we anticipate completing data collection in July 2020. Participants were assisted in individualizing and customizing their SMS text message preferences at the baseline study visit. Self-assessment measures are collected at baseline, interim, and final study visits. Problems related to sending/receiving SMS text messages and barriers to ART adherence are assessed at each interim study visit. The FHCSD staff monitors and tracks participants’ daily SMS text message responses to ART adherence reminders using a clinical dashboard. Results We hypothesize that the proportion of individuals achieving HIV virologic suppression (viral load <40 copies/mL) will be greater at the end of the intervention period compared to the proportion prior to study implementation. Additionally, we anticipate that rates of virologic suppression at the end of the intervention among participants receiving iTAB will be comparable to those among the general FHCSD non-African American population who did not receive iTAB. Finally, we anticipate a high response rate to iTAB SMS text messages as well as positive participant feedback at the end of the intervention with regard to the acceptability of, satisfaction with, and perceived efficacy of iTAB. Conclusions The iTAB intervention is a novel individualized two-way SMS text messaging intervention that has been culturally tailored for use among African Americans with HIV. We anticipate that iTAB will demonstrate efficacy in future randomized control trials and will be supportive of medication adherence among other populations facing health disparities. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/21592
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Aschieri, Filippo, and Francesca Fantini. "Therapeutic Assessment with Children in Family Therapy." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 33, no. 04 (December 2012): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aft.2012.37.
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Dolzhenkova, Tatyana I. "The Problem of Scientific Approach to Studying Genealogy of the Muralist Sculptor, People's Artist of Russia V. M. Klykov." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2021): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-2-615-625.
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The famous Soviet and Russian sculptor V. M. Klykov (1939-2006), winner of state prizes of the RSFSR and the USSR, People's Artist of Russia, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, was an ambiguous figure in the eyes of his contemporaries. His caught the attention not only of professional critics, but also of ordinary people. Many publications and memoirs dedicated to the sculptor had been published during his lifetime. However, V. M. Klykov himself gave contradictory information on the history of his family in his interviews. At the same time, a complete and objective assessment of his life and work and his role in art is impossible without studying his social origin and family history, which determined the relevance of this work. Until now, the history of the Klykov family has been reconstructed from stories and memoirs of those who knew him personally. The study has also been hampered by the fact that there are misconceptions about V. M. Klykov’s ancestors that often spring from desire to create a certain image that fits the worldview of the famous sculptor. The purpose of the study has been to identify and analyze the documentary sources on the subject: archival materials, documents from the museum collection and periodicals. The fonds of the State Archive of the Kursk Region (GAKO) have provided most sources. However, destruction of the archives during the Civil War and the Nazi occupation resulted in a lack of documents and photographs from the early 20th century. Some information has been found in databases available on the Internet. A number of documents are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. The study is based on the key principles of historicism, consistency, and objectivity, which allows the author to avoid mythologization of the sculptor. Comparative analysis of the identified sources has allowed the author to trace V. M. Klykov’s genealogy up to the mid-19th century, to identify the names of his ancestors, to note the family’s difficult fate through the pivots of Russian history, to determine V. M. Klykov’s ancestors and to explore their biographies, achievements, and social status. Several representatives of the Klykov family have been identified, who showed themselves worthily in the military service of the Fatherland. In addition, the author has refuted the tale of the sculptor's grandfather ‘s de-kulakization and persecution by the Soviet power. The author concludes that peasant origin and environment in which the sculptor grew up left an imprint on his worldview, and therefore, on the theme of his monumental creativity and ideas that he defended in public life.
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Honcharuk, Oleksandr. "Portrait sculpture of Lviv on the border of modernism and postmodernism." Bulletin of Lviv National Academy of Arts, no. 41 (December 26, 2019): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37131/2524-0943-2019-41-03.
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Main vectors of develovpment of portrait sculpture in Lviv of 90s of the XX century in the context of the time. Changes, which occured in art, were identified; where new environment is being formed, in which portrait sculpture becomes an object of preservation and transmission of information. It’s proved that visualization of Ukrainian history is mainly due to developments in individual personification of events of prominent leaders of their time. The analysis of a number of sources related to the peculiarities of artistic and critical understanding of complex creative processes specific to Lviv sculpture of the period, was done. Portrait sculpture of Lviv of of 90s of the XX century is a complex of artistic phenomenon, which is rich in innovations and authentic artistic discoveries. Contemporary portrait sculpture is a history and culture of the people and their country, immortalized in stone and bronze. Themes of heroism, patriotism, courage, creative work, love and family prevail in works of Lviv sculptors. Most of masters are turning to the historical past of their land. In the image-structural solutions portraits influenced the previous days, and plastic language primarily focused on traditional solutions. Portrait sculpture of Lviv artists resist to platitudes, engagement, technocracy, contrasting its naturalness, sensitivity and anxiety. Gender theory, which asserts that the very fact the differences are not so important how important their socio-cultural assessment and interpretation, as well as construction of power systems based on these differences, dominated in portrait sculpture of contemporary Lviv artists.
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Nahak, Imelda. "“KA’EN KELUN BA MALU” IN DISTRIBUTION OF CULTURE AND LEVEL OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION." JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Humaniora) 3, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/jssh.v3i2.5056.
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Community participation is very important and contributes to the effectiveness of the resulting development planning. However, until now community participation has not been realized ideally. Previous studies have offered various efforts to increase community participation, namely increased local community initiatives (Muhlinghaus & Walty, 2001), development of government and community cooperation (Pandey & Miznikov, 2001), integration of art and planning (Burford, Kissmann, Rosado- May, Dzul, & Harder, 2012), optimizing the role of social capital (Cerar, 2014), socialization to the bottom of the community (Defina, 2012), participatory leadership (Alyas, 2015), allocation of village funds (Atmojo, Eko, Fridayani, Kasiwi, & Pratama, 2017) and optimizing the role of young people as mobilizers (Fitriani, Selinaswati, & Mardiah, 2017). Unfortunately, there has not been an assessment effort that looks at the cultural side. This qualitative case study examines efforts to increase community participation by considering cultural factors that can contribute to the effectiveness of development planning at the village level. Data obtained through in-depth interviews, participant observation and documentation. This study found that the culture factor of mamfatin ukunrai could inhibit community participation in Naran Village. The community believes that planning development is the duty of the government so that it should not actively participate in planning meetings. Therefore, the researcher offers a model of the family code as an effort to reduce the impact of the culture. Ka'en kelun ba ashamed to represent the government's invitation to cooperate with the community for the realization of development from the ground level.
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Nossiter, T. J. "India, Indira and After." Government and Opposition 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1985.tb01067.x.
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IN THE WESTERN MEDIA RECENT EVENTS IN INDIA HAVE OFTEN been trivialized by comparison with a soap opera called Dynasty. A more appropriate analogy would be the Greek tragedy: the rejection of Mrs Gandhi at the polls in 1977; her sweeping return to power in 1980; the death of her heir apparent, Sanjay, in 1980; the invasion of the Golden Temple in June 1984; and on 31 October her assassination. Greatness, tragedy, hubris and nemesis are all there.A fair assessment of Mrs Indira Gandhi's contribution to her country is far from easy, not least because she was regally enigmatic. Her friendships ranged from Michael Foot to Margaret Thatcher. Her presence was formidable yet both to old and non-political family friends she was a loving sister or aunt. Alone among Indian politicians she drew massive crowds and, Sikhs apart, her death was mourned by her opponents as much as her supporters. Indira had not expected to enter politics but by acting as her widowed father Pandit Nehru's hostess and confidante, and, in the late 1950s, as Congress General Secreta , she gained an invaluable apprenticeship in the techniques of political management and the art of statecraft. When Nehru's immediate successor as Indian Prime Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri, died after less than two years in office, Congress chiefs found it easier to nominate Nehru's daughter as their leader than to agree on one of their own number, particularly since they all underestimated her strength of character and purpose.
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Oyebode, Jan. "Assessment of carers' psychological needs." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 9, no. 1 (January 2003): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.9.1.45.
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Carers play a vital role in supporting family members who need help. Facts and figures on caregiving are set in the context of current UK policy. Research into the impact of caregiving shows that one-third to one-half of carers suffer significant psychological distress. Factors associated with carer stress are reviewed, including those related to the care-recipient, the caregiver, their relationship, and wider family and social support. The most well-known frameworks for understanding caregiving stress, including stress-process models, are introduced. Measures that may help in assessing psychological needs of carers are reviewed, emphasising the distinction between objective and subjective stress. The range of possible interventions leads to promising evidence of the effectiveness of individual psychosocial interventions, but further research is needed.
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Benbow, Susan M., and Alison Marriott. "Family therapy with elderly people." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 3, no. 3 (May 1997): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.3.3.138.
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Those who work with older adults will inevitably find themselves working with families. Indeed assessment of an older person is often difficult if members of their family and social network are not involved. Referrals to social and psychiatric services are often precipitated by family changes. Ratna & Davis (1984) described 142 consecutive referrals to a community old age psychiatry service and found retirement, family conflict, departure of or illness of a carer, or bereavement precipitated 60% of referrals. Thus, work with older adults will often necessitate work with families, although it may not be seen in those terms.
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Soe, Y. Shwe Yee, Z. N. Win, T. Aung, T. Win, and Y. Y. Htun. "“You Can Breast Health Club” Empowering Healthy Women of Myanmar to Enhance Breast Cancer Awareness and Take Action." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 126s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.23400.
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Background and context: Pun Hlaing Siloam Hospital (PHSH), the only Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospital in Myanmar, is committed to provide comprehensive breast health services through “You Can Breast Health Club” in accordance with its vision; international quality, reach, scale and compassion. A free of charge membership-based club led by a dedicated medical oncology team that includes health care personnel, family members of breast cancer patients and healthy women of all walks of life. Aim: To promote awareness and take action on breast health and breast cancer so as to empower women to commit to lifelong breast health. Strategy/Tactics: The club executed its strategy through three pillars: 1) hospital-based comprehensive breast cancer care services, 2) community-based breast cancer education programs and 3) partnership with local and international organizations. The theme is “You can prevent the preventable; you can check for early detection; you can survive with effective treatment” with an aim to encourage women to play an active role in their own health. Program/Policy process: As part of a comprehensive approach to breast health, “one stop” hospital-based program provides breast health education on basic breast health and breast cancer facts, teaching breast self-exam, personal risk assessment and advise on risk reduction and to make healthy life choices. Interdisciplinary breast clinic provides clinical breast exam, state-of-the art breast imaging, diagnostic evaluation, referral for surgical and treatment options and patient family education. A training-of-trainers workshop on breast health was conducted for the hospital staff to facilitate program participants in turn to educate other club members and women in the local community. The club was launched in October Breast Cancer Awareness Month campaign held in October 2017 at PHSH. As a strategic partnership supported Shwe Yaung Hnin Si Cancer Foundation to host the World Cancer Day 2018 Community Cancer Awareness campaign held in Yangon. Outcomes: The number of club members increased to (282) within five months. Among the members, (204) women are from the community including family members of breast cancer patients, office staff, industry workers, and housewives reflecting the various socioeconomic status. The outcome was encouraging given that 60% of members are below the age of 40. What was learned: Community outreach breast cancer education programs combined with access to hospital-based services at affordable prices enhanced interest in club membership. The hospital-based strategy readily provides healthy women the facilities for early diagnosis and prompt access to quality care without any delays. Partnership with other advocacy groups accelerated the club process.
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Coleby, Dawn, Nick Taub, Amit Mistri, Andy Turner, Jane Coad, Petra Wark, Krishna Bhatti, Kusminder Chahal, and Wei-Peng Teo. "Do South Asian Communities ‘Act FAST’?" British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X702989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x702989.
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BackgroundRapid medical assessment and treatment of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke significantly reduces the risk of recurrent stroke. Previous research has shown that delays to initial medical assessment are due to lack of an urgent response to symptoms. In comparison to other communities living within the UK, South Asians have a higher risk of stroke/TIA. Therefore, it is critically important to explore stroke/TIA knowledge and anticipated response to symptoms, within this community.AimThis study aims to provide preliminary evidence of stroke knowledge and awareness of the relaunched ‘Act FAST’ campaign in the South Asian community and to provide evidence of successful participant recruitment from ‘hard to engage’ groups.MethodA pilot mixed methods study, incorporating focus group discussions and a short ‘tick box’ style paper survey, designed to assess and explore participant knowledge of stroke/TIA symptoms, and awareness of the relaunched ‘Act FAST’ campaign. Barriers and facilitators to stroke education and the suitability of mass-media campaigns are also discussed during the focus groups. All participants were recruited from places of worship.ResultsThe authors will present highlights from the ‘on-going’ study including; the recruitment strategy, barriers and facilitators to recruitment in Sikh temples and preliminary findings from 68 completed surveys. Highlights from the focus group discussions will be presented, alongside participant suggested methods to improve stroke/TIA knowledge in Indian communities.ConclusionPreliminary findings suggest awareness of stroke symptoms in the Indian community, but less awareness of TIA. Non-English speakers may be less aware of ‘Act FAST’.
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Shugrue, Noreen, Kathy Kellett, Cindy Gruman, Ashley Tomisek, Jane Straker, Suzanne Kunkel, and Julie Robison. "Progress and Policy Opportunities in Family Caregiver Assessment: Results From a National Survey." Journal of Applied Gerontology 38, no. 9 (September 21, 2017): 1319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464817733104.
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Family caregivers play an essential role in long-term services and supports (LTSS). Despite numerous calls for robust caregiver assessment policies to determine needs and treat them as partners in care planning, there has been limited information about whether or how states assess caregiver needs and strengths, or use caregiver information. Using cross-sectional survey data from the 2015 Process Evaluation of the Older Americans Act National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP), this study analyzes caregiver assessment policies and practices in 54 State Units on Aging, 619 Area Agencies on Aging, and 642 local service providers. It examines whether and for what purposes caregiver assessments are used, what domains are included, and how well current policies conform to recommended practice. It also recommends that policy makers who influence NFCSP and other LTSS programs develop caregiver assessment practices using a multidimensional framework including more caregiver-focused domains and utilizing assessment data to measure program outcomes.
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Olson, John D. "College of American Pathologists Consensus Conference XXXVI: Diagnostic Issues in Thrombophilia." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-1277-coapcc.
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Abstract Objectives.—To review the state of the art relating to laboratory testing for thrombophilia, as reflected by the medical literature and the consensus opinion of recognized experts in the field, and to make recommendations regarding laboratory testing (whom to test, when to test, what tests to perform, rationale for testing, and other issues) in the assessment of thrombotic risk in individual patients and their family members. Data Sources.—Review of the medical literature (primarily from the last 10 years) and the experience and opinions of experts in the field were used as data sources. Data Extraction and Synthesis.—Participating authors evaluated the medical literature and prepared manuscripts with specific proposed recommendations. Drafts of all of the manuscripts were prepared and circulated to every participant in the College of American Pathologists Conference XXXVI: Diagnostic Issues in Thrombophilia prior to the conference. Each of the conclusions and associated recommendations was then presented for discussion. Recommendations were accepted if a consensus of 70% or more of the 27 experts attending the conference was reached. The results of the discussion were then used to revise the manuscripts and recommendations into final form. Conclusions.—Consensus was reached on 179 recommendations, all of which are presented in articles in this issue of the Archives. Detailed discussion of the rationale for each of these recommendations is found in the text of the respective articles, along with citations to justify the level of evidence for the recommendations. This is an evolving area of research, and it is certain that further clinical studies will change many of the recommendations, cause some to be deleted, and add others in the future.
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Shemmings, David. "Future proofing child protection social work." Journal of Children's Services 12, no. 2-3 (September 18, 2017): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-06-2017-0025.
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Purpose How might the profession of child protection social work be “future proofed”, i.e. remain intact and of value beyond its present existence? The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This is a discussion/“think piece” paper, in which the author argues that foregrounding the art and science of helping relationships is a way forward. Recognising and promoting the centrality of helping relationships is the direction in which the author believes (or is it hopes?) social work should head, because “more of the same” is not, in the author’s view, possible to sustain for much longer. Treading the well-worn but pot-holed path of box-ticking, endless risk assessment and perfunctory statutory visiting is likely to lead to continuing problems retaining social workers and, for those who do stay, increased burnout, compassion fatigue and secondary trauma, each of which interrupts or delays the development of working alliances with family members. Findings Growing reliance on thresholds and checklists to assess risk has served to increase referrals. As a result, social workers spend much of their time on triaging and filtering rather than working with the children and families that most need help and protection. Further, it is not what is in the practitioner’s toolkit that matters: rather, it is a defined set of personal skills and qualities that tips the balance to achieve lasting change. Thus, in order to “future proof” social work, we would do well to deepen our understanding of how helping relationships can lead to lasting change. Supporting social workers in this work is not just the responsibility of individual practitioners and their professional bodies, action also needs to be taken at governmental and managerial levels. Originality/value This is a discussion/“think piece”.
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Bamrah, Sapna, Agneta Mbithi, Jonathan H. Mermin, Thomas Boo, Rebecca E. Bunnell, SK Sharif, and Susan Temporado Cookson. "The Impact of Post-Election Violence on HIV and Other Clinical Services and on Mental Health—Kenya, 2008." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 28, no. 1 (November 26, 2012): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12001665.
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AbstractIntroductionIn December 2007, civil disruption and violence erupted in Kenya following national elections, displacing 350,000 people and affecting supply chains and services. The Kenyan government and partners were interested in assessing the extent of disruption in essential health services, especially HIV treatment.MethodsA two-stage cluster sampling for patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) was implemented ten weeks after elections, March 10-21, 2008, at twelve health facilities providing ART randomly selected in each of the three provinces most affected by post-election disruption—Rift Valley, Nyanza, and Central Provinces. Convenience samples of patients with tuberculosis, hypertension, or diabetes were also interviewed from the same facilities. Finally, a convenience sampling of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the three provinces was conducted.ResultsThree hundred thirty-six IDPs in nine camps and 1,294 patients in 35 health facilities were interviewed. Overall, nine percent of patients reported having not returned to their routine health care facility; 9%-25% (overall 16%) reported a temporary inability for themselves or their children to access care at some point during January-February 2008. Less than 15% of patients on long-term therapies for HIV, tuberculosis, diabetes, or hypertension had treatment interruptions compared with 2007. The proportion of tuberculosis patients receiving a ≥45-day supply of medication increased from five percent in November 2007 to 69% in December 2007. HIV testing decreased in January 2008 compared with November 2007 among women in labor wards and among persons tested through voluntary counseling and testing services in Nyanza and Rift Valley Provinces. Patients and their family members witnessed violence, especially in Nyanza and Rift Valley Provinces (54%-59%), but few patients (2.5%-14%, 10% overall) personally experienced violence. More IDPs reported witnessing (80%) or personally experiencing (38%) violence than did patients. About half of patients and three-quarters of IDPs interviewed had anxiety or depression symptoms during the four weeks before the assessment. There was no association among patients between the presence of HIV, tuberculosis, diabetes, and hypertension and the prevalence of anxiety or depression symptoms.ConclusionMore than 85% of patients in highly affected provinces avoided treatment interruptions; this may be in part related to practitioners anticipating potential disruption and providing patients with medications for an extended period. During periods of similar crisis, anticipating potential limitations on medication access and increased mental health needs could potentially prevent negative health impacts.BamrahS, MbithiA, MerminJH, BooT, BunnellRE, SharifSK, CooksonST. The impact of post-election violence on HIV and other clinical services and on mental health-Kenya, 2008. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(1):1-9.
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Brooks, Jenni, Wendy Mitchell, and Caroline Glendinning. "Personalisation, personal budgets and family carers. Whose assessment? Whose budget?" Journal of Social Work 17, no. 2 (June 23, 2016): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316638554.
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Summary The policy of personalisation in English adult social care prioritises choice and control by service users over the support they receive. Carers also have rights to assessments and support, but these rights have developed separately, so interdependencies between carers and service users may be overlooked. Moreover, it may be difficult to reconcile these divergent policies in routine practice. This article reports findings from a study examining the roles played by carers in England in the processes of assessment, support planning and management of personal budgets for disabled and older people. The study was conducted between January 2011 and February 2013. It involved a survey of 16 adult social care departments across 2 English regions, and interviews with personalisation and carers lead officers in three local authorities. The Framework approach was used to manage the data, and analysis was done thematically. Findings Practice was fragmented and inconsistent. Carers were reported to be involved in service users' assessments, and also asked about their willingness and ability to continue caring, but not necessarily about their own needs. Separate carers' assessments were reported to be usually offered, but take-up was low and lead officers' opinions about their value varied. Any help given by carers reduced the level of service users' personal budgets, but there was no evidence that carers' own needs (as identified in carers' assessments) were taken into account. Applications Greater clarity and consistency is needed, especially the linking of service users' and carers' assessments and finding appropriate ways to meet both. These changes will become increasingly urgent with the implementation of the 2014 Care Act.