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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Family Division

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Academic literature on the topic 'Family Division'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Family Division"

1

Cownie, Fiona, and Anthony Bradney. "Divided justice, different voices: inheritance and family provision." Legal Studies 23, no. 4 (November 2003): 566–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2003.tb00228.x.

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Both the Family Division of the High Court and the Chancery Division of the High Court exercise jurisdiction over the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependents) Act 1975, with the applicant being able to elect the Division that they wish to proceed in. Many practitioners believe that the two Divisions have different attitudes towards the Act. This paper argues the structure of the 1975 Act makes it highly likely that the two Divisions will approach in different ways and that a close analysis of judgments shows that there is a discernible difference in the rhetoric that is used in judgments in the two Divisions, that this difference in rhetoric affects the way in which applicants are viewed and that thus sometimes it affects the outcome of cases. Since there is no advantage in practice to having the two jurisdictions and since the difference between the jurisprudences in the two Divisions can result in like cases not being treated alike, an elementary form of injustice. The paper concludes that it would be better if one Division exercised sole jurisdiction over the Act.

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Dixon, Geoffrey. "Division algebras: Family replication." Journal of Mathematical Physics 45, no. 10 (October 2004): 3878–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1786682.

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James, Annabelle. "High Court, Family Division." Journal of Criminal Law 66, no. 5 (October 2002): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002201830206600503.

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Cohen, Myron L. "Family Management and Family Division in Contemporary Rural China." China Quarterly 130 (June 1992): 357–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000040777.

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Field-work in north, south and west China villages reveals that prior to the establishment of the People's Republic family organization at all three sites was characterized by the same customary arrangements concerning ownership of property, economic ties among family members, family management and family division. During the collective era and the present period of family fanning changes in these aspects of family life have been along similar lines. I was in a Hebei village for four months during 1986–87, and in 1990 carried out three-month periods of field-work in villages in Shanghai county and on the Chengdu Plain in Sichuan.

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Chen, Feinian. "Family division in China's transitional economy." Population Studies 63, no. 1 (January 30, 2009): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324720802541658.

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Li, Rose Maria, Yu Xie, and Hui-Sheng Lin. "Division of family property in Taiwan." Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 8, no. 1 (January 1993): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00973799.

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soonmi lee and Hyekyung KIM. "Exploring the working wives' perceptions of equity on the unequl gender : division of domestic work." Family and Culture 20, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21478/family.20.1.200803.001.

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김양지영. "Grandparents’ Childcare and Its Impact on Gender Division of Labor in Dual-income Working Couples." Family and Culture 29, no. 1 (March 2017): 128–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21478/family.29.1.201703.005.

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Lum, Grant. "Rhetoric fuels division." Canadian Family Physician 68, no. 3 (March 2022): 171.4–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6803171_3.

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Dommermuth, Lars, Bryndl Hohmann-Marriott, and Trude Lappegård. "Gender Equality in the Family and Childbearing." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 13 (June 15, 2015): 1803–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x15590686.

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Gender equality and equity in the division of household labor may be associated with couples’ transitions to first, second, and third births. Our comprehensive analysis includes the division of housework and child care as well as the perception of whether this division is fair and satisfactory. We use a unique data set combining the Norwegian Generations and Gender Survey (2007) with information on childbirths within 3 years after the interview from the population register. We found that an unequal division of housework is associated with a decreased chance of first and subsequent births. Child care is most relevant when the respondent is satisfied with the division, as one-child couples where the respondent is less satisfied with the division of child care are less likely to have a second child. Our findings suggest that, even in a high-equity context such as Norway, equality and equity in the household are also important for childbearing.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Family Division"

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Lotspeich, Younkin Felisha L. "Work-Family Spillover, Division of Labor, and Relationship Satisfaction." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275417957.

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Toth, Katalin. "Division of domestic labor and marital satisfaction a cross-cultural analysis /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3320566.

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McFarlane, Seth. "Work-family conflict, determinants of the domestic division of labour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ28617.pdf.

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Cooke, Lynn Prince. "The family game : policy, the division of labor, and family outcomes in Germany and the U.S." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404075.

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Chan, Vivian Wing Yan. "Promoting change through collaboration : reshaping the professional boundaries of family physicians through the Division of Family Practice." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42867.

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A collaborative framework is increasingly being used to promote change in the way health services are being provided. Collaborations have been studied mostly from a team perspective in health services research (HSR); system and institutional levels of analysis are underutilized. Applying an (neo) institutional perspective, this dissertation explored the role of interorganizational collaborative relationships in promoting practice change in family physicians. Specifically changes in the professional boundaries of family physicians were examined. The dissertation is comprised of two parts. The first study was a systematic qualitative examination of the HSR literature on the concept of professional boundary for family physicians. Fifty articles were reviewed. Conceptual distinctions used by family physicians to describe their role and their work were synthesized to form a multi-faceted notion of professional boundaries of family physicians (i.e., task-related, object-related, and relational). The second study was a case study of a new organizational form, the Division of Family Practice, in a suburban community in British Columbia. The new organizational form employed a collaborative framework to promote system and professional practice change in primary care. Findings were generated from interview texts, organizational documents, and participant observations. The study investigated how professional boundaries of family physicians are being reshaped through family physician’s involvement in collaborative relationships under the Division of Family Practice. Conclusion: collaborations provide a physical as well as a social space for partners (family physicians, the health authority, the government, and the medical association) to share, challenge, and shape each other’s perspectives, values, interests, and goals. The case study demonstrated the Division of Family Practice was successful at disrupting the physician institution and reshaping professional boundaries for family physicians as 1) the profession of family practice is undergoing a process of deinstitutionalization: the professional boundaries of family physicians are not as clear and distinct as they once were and have become a weakened institutional element; 2)the Division was able to disturb and reformulate the reward and sanction mechanisms for family physicians; and 3) the Division has enabled core assumptions and beliefs about family practice to be broken down and redefined.

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Williams, Santoria Lushell. "Increasing Employee Retention Within the Georgia Division of Family and Children Services." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4763.

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Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Santoria Lushell Williams has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Hilda Shepeard, Committee Chairperson, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Clarence Williamson, Committee Member, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Anne Hacker, University Reviewer, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2018 In Fulton County, Georgia, the Division of Family and Children Services (DFCS) child-welfare workers (CWWs) voluntarily separate from the agency at a rate higher than among other similar agencies in the state of Georgia. The problems of retention among CWWs in Fulton County have caused a subsequent problem in terms of the continued provision of quality services to foster children and families. This phenomenological study used McGregor's conceptualization of theory X-Y as the foundation for the exploration of the experiences of former Fulton County DFCS CWW workers related to their reasons for voluntary separation. Data were acquired through interviews with 10 CWWs who voluntarily separated from their positions with Fulton County between the years of 2013 and 2015. These interview data were transcribed and then coded and analyzed using a modified van Kaam procedure. Findings revealed that workers experienced what they perceived as a lack of administrative empathy, devaluation of workers, disrespect, and burnout, as well as the differences in knowledge between child welfare workers and management about the depth of CWW job duties. Two additional themes emerged regarding longevity that included motivation from peers and children safety. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendations to DFCS to engage CWWs in organizational decision making regarding child welfare policy and to seek opportunities to enhance feelings of value and inclusiveness among CWWs in strategic planning and policy making.

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Matteson, Christopher W. "Division of Household Labor: Changes Over the Course of the Marital Relationship." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2398.

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Previous research has established the influence of the division of household labor between spouses on marital satisfaction, as well as the mental health of each spouse. Less is known about how the division of labor changes during the course of marriage. The family development perspective suggests that division of labor will change in response to different stages and circumstances, while the homeostasis perspective suggests that the division of labor will remain stable throughout the life course. This study used data from a 35 year longitudinal study of married women to examine changes of household division of labor over the life course. Participants in this study were wives of medical trainees at an East Coast medical school. Data collection at Time-1 included 175 wives in 1969-1970. The wives were also contacted in 1980 (Time-2), 1990 (Time-3), and 2005 (Time-4). All the participants were white. The average age of the women at Time-1 was 25.5 years. Participation in household labor was measured using five questions reflecting how much the husband helped in traditionally female stereotyped tasks. The five tasks were: does the family wash, sets table for dinner, clears table after meals, washes the dishes, and prepares meals. Other variables were included to help explain the change in husband participation in household labor over the course of the marriage, including number of children, the number of hours worked by the wife, and the wife's level of education. Multi-level growth curve modeling was used to examine stability and change in husband participation in household tasks over time. The fixed effects in the baseline model showed a significant positive linear slope indicating more husband participation over time. The random effect for time was also significant, suggesting variability in slopes across the sample. Results from the quadratic effect for time indicated a downward linear slope, attenuated by a positive quadratic slope. Thus, the results indicate that husbands participate less in household tasks early in marriage, but their level of participation increases in midlife. No predictor variables accounted for significant variability in the initial value or rate of change in the husband's participation in household tasks.

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Pfeifer, Lexie Y. "Division of Labor and Marital Quality in China." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3055.

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Research done in the United States has linked household division of labor to marital quality. Research shows that satisfaction with division of labor is associated with greater marital happiness. There is minimal research in other countries on the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. China, with a history of gender inequality and emerging women's rights, makes an ideal setting for examining the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. In addition to measuring the influence of division of labor and satisfaction with division of labor on marital satisfaction, this study includes a scale on childcare related tasks. The data used in this study were collected between 1995 and 2001, from 446 couples, in Beijing and Hangzhou, China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for dyadic analysis. Results show that traditional division of labor and wives' satisfaction with division of labor positively affect Chinese husbands' marital satisfaction. Contrary to US research, results do not show a statistically significant effect between division of labor and Chinese wives' marital satisfaction. Results also show that higher levels of wives' responsibility for childcare predicts lower levels of marital satisfaction for husbands. Implications for culturally sensitive counseling are discussed.

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Pericak, Kaitlin Anne. "Institutional separation| Stress experienced among Division I women collegiate athletes." Thesis, American University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10103691.

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This study examines the connection between experiences of stress by sophomore women collegiate student-athletes and the coping strategies they adopt to deal with their stress. The study employs qualitative investigation strategies of focus group interviews and individual interviews to examine stress and coping among women student-athletes at one medium sized private university in the Washington metropolitan area. Ideas from theorists Erving Goffman and Emile Durkheim contribute to a conceptual framework for exploring both constructive and less-constructive coping strategies in the face of the stress experienced by women student-athletes. The study reveals the interconnections among understandings expressed by participants about sources of stress—notably the structural relations between coaches and student-athletes—and engaging in both constructive coping strategies—generally individual and informal—and less-constructive coping strategies—specifically, drinking alcohol and disordered eating—within the community of athletes.

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Graf, Carrie A. Driskell Robyn Bateman. "Gender differences in work and family conflict." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5055.

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Books on the topic "Family Division"

1

Canadian Bar Association. Ontario Branch. Continuing Legal Education., ed. Family law in the provincial courts (Family Division). [Toronto]: Canadian Bar Association-Ontario, Continuing Legal Education, 1986.

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Patterson, Jack. Pension division and valuation: Family lawyers' guide. Edited by Aitken Catherine D. Aurora, Ont: Canada Law Book, 1991.

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Patterson, Jack. Pension division and valuation: Family lawyers' guide. Edited by Aitken Catherine D. 2nd ed. Aurora, Ont: Canada Law Book, 1995.

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Washington (State). Legislature. Legislative Budget Committee. DSHS Division of Children and Family Services program. Olympia (506 E. 16th, Olympia 98504): State of Washington, Legislative Budget Committee, 1990.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Social and Health Services., ed. Adoption through the Division of Children & Family Services. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Social & Health Services, 1992.

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American Psychological Association. Division of Family Psychology. Journal of family psychology: JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43). [Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1987.

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Serve, Project. Division of Family Health Services response to Project Serve. Boston, Mass: Division of Family Health Services, 1987.

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Commission, Ontario Law Reform. Report on pensions as family property: Valuation and division. Toronto, Ont: The Commission, 1995.

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Kohlenberg, Elizabeth. Division of Children and Family Services, fiscal year 1990. Olympia, Wash: Office of Research and Data Analysis, Planning, Research, and Development, Dept. of Social and Health Services, 1992.

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Alesina, Alberto. Gender based taxation and the division of family chores. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Family Division"

1

Zhao, Xudong. "Family and Family Division." In China Academic Library, 53–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53834-0_3.

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Herring, Jonathan, Rebecca Probert, and Stephen Gilmore. "Division of Assets on Separation." In Great Debates in Family Law, 246–77. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-48157-3_11.

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Blair, Sampson Lee. "The Division of Household Labor." In Handbook of Marriage and the Family, 613–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3987-5_25.

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Qvortrup, Jens. "Placing Children in the Division of Labour." In Family and Economy in Modern Society, 129–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17795-0_7.

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Oinas, Tomi. "The Division of Labour Within Households: Men’s Increased Participation?" In Family, Work and Well-Being, 21–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76463-4_3.

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Hagiwara, Risa. "Persistent Gender-Based Division in Japan." In Perception of Family and Work in Low-Fertility East Asia, 19–36. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3859-9_2.

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Fellows, Jackie, and Paul Lasley. "The Changing Division of Labor on Family Farms." In Beyond the Amber Waves of Grain, 109–26. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429046643-8.

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Peng, Du. "Regional variations in family division in rural China." In Northern and Southern China, 81–111. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003182757-5.

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Collins, Rosemary. "‘Horses for Courses’: Ideology and the Division of Domestic Labour." In Family and Economy in Modern Society, 63–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17795-0_4.

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Crompton, Rosemary, and Clare Lyonette. "Occupational Class, Country and the Domestic Division of Labour." In Women, Men, Work and Family in Europe, 116–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230800830_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Family Division"

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Rzeszewski, T. S., and A. L. Lentine. "A Photonic Switch Architecture Utilizing Code Division Multiplexing." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1987.fd5.

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Code-Division Multiplexing (CDM) is a technique that can be used in photonic switching architectures. CDM can be used to make each optical input channel orthogonal to every other input channel so that the sum of all the orthogonalized input channels can be presented to a decoder at each output port of the switch. The actual output signal on each port can be selected to be anyone of the input signals by using the appropriate code for selection. This is possible because of the correlation property of an orthogonal code family. ϕ i , and ϕ j are members of the code family that are used to orthogonalize the input bits, and T is the duration of any code sequence and the duration of any input bit. This is the means by which any input signal can be switched to any or all outputs (customers). Therefore, the resultant switch is non-blocking with broadcast capability. The basic structure of a switch that uses an orthogonal code family is shown in Figure 1.

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Zhou, Hongyong, and Yun Liu. "The Division and Measurement of Different Growth Stages of Family Enterprises." In 2010 2nd International Conference on E-business and Information System Security (EBISS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ebiss.2010.5473609.

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Смагина, Елена, and Elena Smagina. "Questions of jurisdiction of disputes on the division of joint property of spouses." In International legal aspects of family law and protection of children's rights. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2963-282-286.

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Sharony, Jacob, Thomas E. Stern, and Kwok W. Cheung. "Wavelength-space division switches." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.wv2.

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The concept of rearrangeably and strictly non-blocking space division networks1,2 is extended to the wavelength dimension, resulting in a new family of interconnection networks called wavelength-space division switches (WSDS's). A synergy is achieved by utilizing both the wavelength and space dimensions in a fully dynamic manner. This results in higher capacity, higher connectivity, and reduced complexity than either the "broadcast and select" wavelength networks or the purely spatial classical interconnection networks. The WSDS is a wavelength selective switch that can independently permute its inputs for each wavelength. It has N input fibers with M tunable transmitters placed on each input. Similarly, M tunable receivers are placed on each of the N output fibers. The total number of simultaneous connections is MN. By trading the spatial complexity to that in the wavelength dimension, connectivity can be increased and cost can be reduced. For wavelength-rearrangeable non-blocking switches the number of wavelengths needed is exactly M. For wavelength strictly nonblocking networks the sufficient number of wavelengths is 2M−1, independent of N. A numerical example shows how the spatial complexity can be traded with complexity in the wavelength dimension.

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Козлов, Денис, and Denis Kozlov. "Problems of division of property upon dissolution of marriage with a foreigner engaged in entrepreneurial activity." In International legal aspects of family law and protection of children's rights. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2961-266-271.

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Samad, A., and S. J. Garrett. "The Convective Instability of Boundary-Layer Flows Over Rotating Spheroids." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78484.

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The continuous development of spinning projectiles and other industrial applications has led to the need to understand the laminar boundary-layer flow and subsequent onset of transition over the general family of rotating spheroids. We begin by finding the laminar boundary-layer flow over a general spheroid. In particular, we distinguish between prolate and oblate spheroids and use an appropriate spheroidal coordinate system in each case. The laminar-flow equations are established for each family of spheroid rotating in otherwise still fluid. An eccentricity parameter e is used to distinguish particular bodies within the oblate or prolate families. In each case, setting e = 0 reduces the equations to those already established by Howarth [2] and Banks [4] for the rotating sphere. In this preliminary study the laminar-flow equations at each latitude are solved by extending the original series solutions due to Howarth and Banks for the rotating sphere. The laminar flows obtained are consistent with established results for the rotating sphere as e tends to zero, and tend to the von Ka´rma´n [5] solution for the rotating disk as the latitude is reduced close to the nose. Analyses of the convective instability are performed on the rotating prolate family. These extend the linear analyses previously published by Malik, Lingwood and Garrett & Peake [6–10] on related geometries. An investigation into the relative importance of type I (crossflow) and type II (streamline curvature) modes is also presented. At low latitudes increasing eccentricity has negligible effects on the stability characteristics of the flow. However as the latitude increases, eccentricity is seen to lower the upper (type I) branch of the neutral curve, reducing the region of instability.

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Sorge, Gregory W., and James K. von der Ehe. "Development of Low NOx Capability on the Dresser Waukesha 275GL Series Engines." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35030.

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Dresser Waukesha’s 275GL engine family released in 2009 consists of a 214 liter (13,048 in3) 12 cylinder, and a 285 liter (17,398 in3) 16 cylinder engine derived from Waukesha’s ATGL family. These 1000 RPM engines are typically used in mechanical drive applications for natural gas compression at 2500 to 3300 kWb (3400–4500 bhp). Through market analysis and voice of customer (VOC) interviews, it was determined that lower Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) output is essential for future engine sales in North America. Meeting this requirement with a minimal impact to fuel efficiency, fuel tolerance, turndown range, and altitude capability were also desired. To meet the lower NOx requirement, combustion was improved using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling and Design of Experiments (DoE) tools. To assure the low NOx emissions were maintained throughout the desired operating regime, an NOx sensor based air/fuel ratio control system was developed. This new NOx control capability is an enhancement to the Dresser Waukesha ESM™ engine control system. The result is an engine family that consistently meets stringent 0.5 g/bhp-hr NOx levels while maintaining fuel efficiency, fuel tolerance, and turndown range. Reduced combustion pressure in the 275GL Low NOx engine has also allowed a power increase over the original 275GL engine. This paper will discuss the testing and results of this development.

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Vehkalahti, Roope, Camilla Hollanti, and Jyrki Lahtonen. "A family of cyclic division algebra based fast-decodable 4×2 space-time block codes." In Its Applications (Isita2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isita.2010.5650147.

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Suschitz, Luca, and Shaju Nair. "Offshore Pipelines Thermo-Mechanical Performance." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25467.

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Higher production fluid temperature and pressure requires increased offshore hydrocarbons pipeline performance. Thermal-mechanical loading induces considerable compression in pipelines resulting in potential elastic instability. One family of design solutions restrains the pipeline, impeding its displacement and maintaining the axial compression. A second family of design solutions aims to relieve this compression in a controlled manner thereby allowing the pipeline to either displace sideways or axially. For both options, the global buckling design needs a peculiar set of input parameters, methods of assessment and an acceptability criteria. This paper presents an original development in the methodology to determine the sections of the pipeline route that are susceptible to global buckling. The process has found remarkable benchmark in field applications. Specific attention is given to a macro scale of the entire pipeline routing while addressing anisotropies such as out-of-straightness, crossings, sideways-installation adjustments, sequence of loading and three-dimensional seabed bathymetry.

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Gillette, Allen, Jesse Dees, John Crudden, and Anthony Petcoff. "Modular 9.0L and 4.5L Non-Road Spark-Ignited Engines for Power Generation." In ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2018-9616.

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Following the successful commercial use of a 9.0L, V-8 automotive-derivative engine for stationary power generation, a new 4.5L, four-cylinder engine has been developed utilizing a modular family design approach. Substantial commonality of power cylinder components has been achieved including the complete power cylinder and cylinder head. This paper describes the design and development approach to the engine family. These spark-ignited engines are typically used for standby emergency power and demand response applications utilizing commercial grade natural gas or propane. Driving a synchronous electrical generator operating at 60 HZ or 50Hz, engine speeds are either 1800 rpm/3600 rpm or 1500 rpm/3000 rpm respectively, depending upon selection of either a 2-pole or 4-pole alternating current generator. Designed for stoichiometric combustion, the engine configurations can include naturally-aspirated, turbocharged or turbocharged and after-cooled versions. Depending upon end-use applications, exhaust emissions technology and regulatory compliance can be met solely through engine calibration or inclusion of a 3-way catalyst with active air-fuel ratio control. Since the 9.0L engine version was successfully introduced in 2012, significant efforts have been undertaken to achieve commonality of desired features between the existing veeengine and the future in-line versions, including optimization of performance characteristics in consideration of future power rating structures. Starting from 9.0L commercial introduction, the content herein specifically describes the development of the new 4.5L engine with regard to design and analysis.

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Reports on the topic "Family Division"

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Alesina, Alberto, Andrea Ichino, and Loukas Karabarbounis. Gender Based Taxation and the Division of Family Chores. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13638.

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Willson, Stephanie. Cognitive Interview Evaluation of Select Questions for the National Survey of Family Growth. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/150781.

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CCQDER onducted a cognitive interviewing study to evaluate a variety of survey questions on the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) for the Division of Vital Statistics, Reproductive Statistics Branch at NCHS

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Breton, Laurence, and Margo Hilbrecht. The Rights of Common-Law Partners in Canada. The Vanier Institute of the Family, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/t210318a.

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This report provides an in-depth look at the legal landscape surrounding common-law partnerships in Canada. The recognition and rights afforded to people in common-law relationships depend primarily upon the provincial or territorial jurisdiction. An array of scenarios such as health care decisions, property division upon separation, spousal support claims, inheritance rights, and special considerations for couples living on reserve contribute to the intricate tapestry of legal rights in these relationships. A closer look at the provincial and territorial processes of establishing health care decision-making authority emphasizes that certain jurisdictions do not automatically recognize common-law partners to the same extent as married ones. Moreover, property division rights are absent in several jurisdictions following separation, amounting to different treatment of common-law and married couples. Interestingly, the availability of spousal support post-separation, as well as the guidelines followed by the judges allocating them, are shared by most jurisdictions, with the exception of Quebec. Intestate (without a will) inheritance rights vary considerably, with some regions excluding common-law partners from automatic inheritance. A notable exception arises for couples living under the jurisdiction of the Family Homes on Reserves and Matrimonial Interests or Rights Act (FHRMIRA), highlighting the interactions of federal and regional laws. After highlighting how the rights of common-law partners differ across Canada, this report concludes by raising some of the important dimensions of the current debates on safeguarding the rights of common-law couples.

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Weil, Clifford F., Anne B. Britt, and Avraham Levy. Nonhomologous DNA End-Joining in Plants: Genes and Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585194.bard.

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Repair of DNA breaks is an essential function in plant cells as well as a crucial step in addition of modified DNA to plant cells. In addition, our inability to introduce modified DNA to its appropriate locus in the plant genome remains an important hurdle in genetically engineering crop species.We have taken a combined forward and reverse genetics approach to examining DNA double strand break repair in plants, focusing primarily on nonhomologous DNA end-joining. The forward approach utilizes a gamma-plantlet assay (miniature plants that are metabolically active but do not undergo cell division, due to cell cycle arrest) and has resulted in identification of five Arabidopsis mutants, including a new one defective in the homolog of the yeast RAD10 gene. The reverse genetics approach has identified knockouts of the Arabidopsis homologs for Ku80, DNA ligase 4 and Rad54 (one gene in what proves to be a gene family involved in DNA repair as well as chromatin remodeling and gene silencing)). All these mutants have phenotypic defects in DNA repair but are otherwise healthy and fertile. Additional PCR based screens are in progress to find knockouts of Ku70, Rad50, and Mre11, among others. Two DNA end-joining assays have been developed to further our screens and our ability to test candidate genes. One of these involves recovering linearized plasmids that have been added to and then rejoined in plant cells; plasmids are either recovered directly or transformed into E. coli and recovered. The products recovered from various mutant lines are then compared. The other assay involves using plant transposon excision to create DNA breaks in yeast cells and then uses the yeast cell as a system to examine those genes involved in the repair and to screen plant genes that might be involved as well. This award supported three graduate students, one in Israel and two in the U.S., as well as a technician in the U.S., and is ultimately expected to result directly in five publications and one Masters thesis.

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Barg, Rivka, Erich Grotewold, and Yechiam Salts. Regulation of Tomato Fruit Development by Interacting MYB Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592647.bard.

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Background to the topic: Early tomato fruit development is executed via extensive cell divisions followed by cell expansion concomitantly with endoreduplication. The signals involved in activating the different modes of growth during fruit development are still inadequately understood. Addressing this developmental process, we identified SlFSM1 as a gene expressed specifically during the cell-division dependent stages of fruit development. SlFSM1 is the founder of a class of small plant specific proteins containing a divergent SANT/MYB domain (Barg et al 2005). Before initiating this project, we found that low ectopic over-expression (OEX) of SlFSM1 leads to a significant decrease in the final size of the cells in mature leaves and fruits, and the outer pericarp is substantially narrower, suggesting a role in determining cell size and shape. We also found the interacting partners of the Arabidopsis homologs of FSM1 (two, belonging to the same family), and cloned their tomato single homolog, which we named SlFSB1 (Fruit SANT/MYB–Binding1). SlFSB1 is a novel plant specific single MYB-like protein, which function was unknown. The present project aimed at elucidating the function and mode of action of these two single MYB proteins in regulating tomato fruit development. The specific objectives were: 1. Functional analysis of SlFSM1 and its interacting protein SlFSB1 in relation to fruit development. 2. Identification of the SlFSM1 and/or SlFSB1 cellular targets. The plan of work included: 1) Detailed phenotypic, histological and cellular analyses of plants ectopically expressing FSM1, and plants either ectopically over-expressing or silenced for FSB1. 2) Extensive SELEX analysis, which did not reveal any specific DNA target of SlFSM1 binding, hence the originally offered ChIP analysis was omitted. 3) Genome-wide transcriptional impact of gain- and loss- of SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 function by Affymetrix microarray analyses. This part is still in progress and therefore results are not reported, 4) Search for additional candidate partners of SlFSB1 revealed SlMYBI to be an alternative partner of FSB1, and 5) Study of the physical basis of the interaction between SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 and between FSB1 and MYBI. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We established that FSM1 negatively affects cell expansion, particularly of those cells with the highest potential to expand, such as the ones residing inner to the vascular bundles in the fruit pericarp. On the other hand, FSB1 which is expressed throughout fruit development acts as a positive regulator of cell expansion. It was also established that besides interacting with FSM1, FSB1 interacts also with the transcription factor MYBI, and that the formation of the FSB1-MYBI complex is competed by FSM1, which recognizes in FSB1 the same region as MYBI does. Based on these findings a model was developed explaining the role of this novel network of the three different MYB containing proteins FSM1/FSB1/MYBI in the control of tomato cell expansion, particularly during fruit development. In short, during early stages of fruit development (Phase II), the formation of the FSM1-FSB1 complex serves to restrict the expansion of the cells with the greatest expansion potential, those non-dividing cells residing in the inner mesocarp layers of the pericarp. Alternatively, during growth phase III, after transcription of FSM1 sharply declines, FSB1, possibly through complexing with the transcription factor MYBI serves as a positive regulator of the differential cell expansion which drives fruit enlargement during this phase. Additionally, a novel mechanism was revealed by which competing MYB-MYB interactions could participate in the control of gene expression. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: The demonstrated role of the FSM1/FSB1/MYBI complex in controlling differential cell growth in the developing tomato fruit highlights potential exploitations of these genes for improving fruit quality characteristics. Modulation of expression of these genes or their paralogs in other organs could serve to modify leaf and canopy architecture in various crops.

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Sherman, Amir, Rebecca Grumet, Ron Ophir, Nurit Katzir, and Yiqun Weng. Whole genome approach for genetic analysis in cucumber: Fruit size as a test case. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594399.bard.

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The Cucurbitaceae family includes a broad array of economically and nutritionally important crop species that are consumed as vegetables, staple starches and desserts. Fruit of these species, and types within species, exhibit extensive diversity as evidenced by variation in size, shape, color, flavor, and others. Fruit size and shape are critical quality determinants that delineate uses and market classes and are key traits under selection in breeding programs. However, the underlying genetic bases for variation in fruit size remain to be determined. A few species the Cucurbitaceae family were sequenced during the time of this project (cucumber was already sequenced when the project started watermelon and melon sequence became available during the project) but functional genomic tools are still missing. This research program had three major goals: 1. Develop whole genome cucumber and melon SNP arrays. 2. Develop and characterize cucumber populations segregating for fruit size. 3. Combine genomic tools, segregating populations, and phenotypic characterization to identify loci associated with fruit size. As suggested by the reviewers the work concentrated mostly in cucumber and not both in cucumber and melon. In order to develop a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) array for cucumber, available and newly generated sequence from two cucumber cultivars with extreme differences in shape and size, pickling GY14 and Chinese long 9930, were analyzed for variation (SNPs). A large set of high quality SNPs was discovered between the two parents of the RILs population (GY14 and 9930) and used to design a custom SNP array with 35000 SNPs using Agilent technology. The array was validated using 9930, Gy14 and F1 progeny of the two parents. Several mapping populations were developed for linkage mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fruit size These includes 145 F3 families and 150 recombinant inbred line (RILs F7 or F8 (Gy14 X 9930) and third population contained 450 F2 plants from a cross between Gy14 and a wild plant from India. The main population that was used in this study is the RILs population of Gy14 X 9930. Phenotypic and morphological analyses of 9930, Gy14, and their segregating F2 and RIL progeny indicated that several, likely independent, factors influence cucumber fruit size and shape, including factors that act both pre-anthesis and post-pollination. These include: amount, rate, duration, and plane of cell division pre- and post-anthesis and orientation of cell expansion. Analysis of F2 and RIL progeny indicated that factors influencing fruit length were largely determined pre-anthesis, while fruit diameter was more strongly influenced by environment and growth factors post-anthesis. These results suggest involvement of multiple genetically segregating factors expected to map independently onto the cucumber genome. Using the SNP array and the phenotypic data two major QTLs for fruit size of cucumber were mapped in very high accuracy (around 300 Kb) with large set of markers that should facilitate identification and cloning of major genes that contribute to fruit size in cucumber. In addition, a highly accurate haplotype map of all RILS was created to allow fine mapping of other traits segregating in this population. A detailed cucumber genetic map with 6000 markers was also established (currently the most detailed genetic map of cucumber). The integration of genetics physiology and genomic approaches in this project yielded new major infrastructure tools that can be used for understanding fruit size and many other traits of importance in cucumber. The SNP array and genetic population with an ultra-fine map can be used for future breeding efforts, high resolution mapping and cloning of traits of interest that segregate in this population. The genetic map that was developed can be used for other breeding efforts in other populations. The study of fruit development that was done during this project will be important in dissecting function of genes that that contribute to the fruit size QTLs. The SNP array can be used as tool for mapping different traits in cucumber. The development of the tools and knowledge will thus promote genetic improvement of cucumber and related cucurbits.

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Ohad, Nir, and Robert Fischer. Regulation of Fertilization-Independent Endosperm Development by Polycomb Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695869.bard.

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Arabidopsis mutants that we have isolated, encode for fertilization-independent endosperm (fie), fertilization-independent seed2 (fis2) and medea (mea) genes, act in the female gametophyte and allow endosperm to develop without fertilization when mutated. We cloned the FIE and MEA genes and showed that they encode WD and SET domain polycomb (Pc G) proteins, respectively. Homologous proteins of FIE and MEA in other organisms are known to regulate gene transcription by modulating chromatin structure. Based on our results, we proposed a model whereby both FIE and MEA interact to suppress transcription of regulatory genes. These genes are transcribed only at proper developmental stages, as in the central cell of the female gametophyte after fertilization, thus activating endosperm development. To test our model, the following questions were addressed: What is the Composition and Function of the Polycomb Complex? Molecular, biochemical, genetic and genomic approaches were offered to identify members of the complex, analyze their interactions, and understand their function. What is the Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Polycomb Proteins Accumulation? The use of transgenic plants expressing tagged FIE and MEA polypeptides as well as specific antibodies were proposed to localize the endogenous polycomb complex. How is Polycomb Protein Activity Controlled? To understand the molecular mechanism controlling the accumulation of FIE protein, transgenic plants as well as molecular approaches were proposed to determine whether FIE is regulated at the translational or posttranslational levels. The objectives of our research program have been accomplished and the results obtained exceeded our expectation. Our results reveal that fie and mea mutations cause parent-of-origin effects on seed development by distinct mechanisms (Publication 1). Moreover our data show that FIE has additional functions besides controlling the development of the female gametophyte. Using transgenic lines in which FIE was not expressed or the protein level was reduced during different developmental stages enabled us for the first time to explore FIE function during sporophyte development (Publication 2 and 3). Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that FIE, a single copy gene in the Arabidopsis genome, represses multiple developmental pathways (i.e., endosperm, embryogenesis, shot formation and flowering). Furthermore, we identified FIE target genes, including key transcription factors known to promote flowering (AG and LFY) as well as shoot and leaf formation (KNAT1) (Publication 2 and 3), thus demonstrating that in plants, as in mammals and insects, PcG proteins control expression of homeobox genes. Using the Yeast two hybrid system and pull-down assays we demonstrated that FIE protein interact with MEA via the N-terminal region (Publication 1). Moreover, CURLY LEAF protein, an additional member of the SET domain family interacts with FIE as well. The overlapping expression patterns of FIE, with ether MEA or CLF and their common mutant phenotypes, demonstrate the versatility of FIE function. FIE association with different SET domain polycomb proteins, results in differential regulation of gene expression throughout the plant life cycle (Publication 3). In vitro interaction assays we have recently performed demonstrated that FIE interacts with the cell cycle regulatory component Retinobalsoma protein (pRb) (Publication 4). These results illuminate the potential mechanism by which FIE may restrain embryo sac central cell division, at least partly, through interaction with, and suppression of pRb-regulated genes. The results of this program generated new information about the initiation of reproductive development and expanded our understanding of how PcG proteins regulate developmental programs along the plant life cycle. The tools and information obtained in this program will lead to novel strategies which will allow to mange crop plants and to increase crop production.

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Vasquez, Claudia, and Matías Lince. Impacto de los programas de mejoramiento de vivienda por autoconstrucción: evidencia para barrios populares de Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005018.

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A fines de 2021, Argentina implementó un programa de mejoramiento de vivienda por autoconstrucción destinado a mujeres residentes en barrios populares de todo el país. Al superar las inscriptas el número de cupos disponibles en cada convocatoria, la asignación de los subsidios se realizó a través de una serie de sorteos. Explotando la asignación aleatoria del programa, el objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el impacto en cuatro dimensiones: la calidad de los materiales de la vivienda, el grado de hacinamiento, la salud de los niños y las percepciones generales del hogar sobre su bienestar psicosocial. Los resultados sugieren que, ocho meses después de la asignación al programa, se observan impactos significativos y de magnitud considerable en las dimensiones estudiadas. Como consecuencia de acceder al subsidio, el incremento en la probabilidad de tener piso y techo de materiales resistentes y con elementos de terminación es del orden del 46% en el caso del piso y 21% para el techo. El programa también aumenta 47% la probabilidad de no sufrir hacinamiento en el hogar. A su vez, se observa un efecto considerable en el bienestar subjetivo de las beneficiarias y en sus percepciones sobre la seguridad, privacidad, salud, convivencia familiar y calidad del sueño. Por ejemplo, el programa incrementa la probabilidad de considerar como “muy seguras o bastante seguras” las condiciones de los cerramientos de puertas y ventanas (91%), de la instalación eléctrica (31%) y las condiciones generales para preservar la salud de niños, niñas y adolescentes (60%). El subsidio también incrementó las probabilidades de estar “de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo” con que el espacio es suficiente para la buena convivencia (69%), las divisiones internas garantizan la privacidad (64%), o de considerar “bueno o muy bueno” el estado de salud (9%) y la calidad del sueño de los miembros de la familia (48%).

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Jones, David, Roy Cook, John Sovell, Matt Ley, Hannah Shepler, David Weinzimmer, and Carlos Linares. Natural resource condition assessment: Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301822.

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The National Park Service (NPS) Natural Resource Condition Assessment (NRCA) Program administered by the NPS Water Resources Division evaluates current conditions for important natural resources and resource indicators using primarily existing information and data. NRCAs also report on trends in resource condition, when possible, identify critical data gaps, and characterize a general level of confidence for study findings. This NRCA complements previous scientific endeavors, is multi-disciplinary in scope, employs a hierarchical indicator framework, identifies and develops reference conditions/values for comparison against current conditions, and emphasizes spatial evaluation of conditions where possible. Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial (LIBO) was authorized by an act of Congress on February 19, 1962, (Public Law 87-407) to preserve the site associated with the boyhood and family of President Abraham Lincoln, including a portion of the original Tom Lincoln farm and the nearby gravesite of Nancy Hanks Lincoln. The 200-acre memorial commemorates the pioneer farm where Abraham Lincoln lived from the age of 7 to 21. The NRCA for LIBO employed a scoping process involving Colorado State University, LIBO and other NPS staffs to establish the NRCA framework, identify important park resources, and gather existing information and data. Indicators and measures for each resource were then identified and evaluated. Data and information were analyzed and synthesized to provide summaries and address condition, trend and confidence using a standardized but flexible framework. A total of nine focal resources were examined: four addressing system and human dimensions, one addressing chemical and physical attributes, and four addressing biological attributes. The quality and currentness of data used for the evaluation varied by resource. Landscape context ? system and human dimensions included land cover and land use, natural night skies, soundscape, and climate change. Climate change and land cover/land use were not assigned a condition or trend?they provide important context to the memorial and many natural resources and can be stressors. Some of the land cover and land use-related stressors at LIBO and in the larger region are related to the development of rural land and increases in population/housing over time. The trend in land development, coupled with the lack of significantly sized and linked protected areas, presents significant challenges to the conservation of natural resources of LIBO to also include natural night skies, natural sounds and scenery. Climate change is happening and is affecting resources, but is not considered good or bad per se. The information synthesized in that section is useful in examining potential trends in the vulnerability of sensitive resources and broad habitat types such as forests. Night skies and soundscapes, significantly altered by disturbance due to traffic, development and urbanization, warrant significant and moderate concern, respectively, and appear to be in decline. Air quality was the sole resource supporting chemical and physical environment at the memorial. The condition of air quality can affect human dimensions of the park such as visibility and scenery as well as biological components such as the effect of ozone levels on vegetation health. Air quality warrants significant concern and is largely impacted by historical and current land uses outside the memorial boundary. The floral biological component was examined by assessing native species composition, Mean Coefficient of Conservation, Floristic Quality Assessment Index, invasive exotic plants, forest pests and disease, and forest vulnerability to climate change. Vegetation resources at LIBO have been influenced by historical land uses that have changed the species composition and age structure of these communities. Although large tracts of forests can be found surrounding the park, the majority of forested areas are fragmented, and few areas within and around LIBO exhibit late-successional or old-growth characteristics. Vegetation communities at LIBO have a long history of being impacted by a variety of stressors and threats including noxious and invasive weeds, diseases and insect pests; compounding effects of climate change, air pollution, acid rain/atmospheric chemistry, and past land uses; and impacts associated with overabundant white-tail deer populations. These stressors and threats have collectively shaped and continue to impact plant community condition and ecological succession. The sole metric in good condition was native species composition, while all other indicators and metrics warranted either moderate or significant concern. The faunal biological components examined included birds, herptiles, and mammals. Birds (unchanging trend) and herptiles (no trend determined) warrant moderate concern, while mammal populations warrant significant concern (no trend determined). The confidence of both herptiles and mammals was low due to length of time since data were last collected. Current forest structure within and surrounding LIBO generally reflects the historical overstory composition but changes in the hardwood forest at LIBO and the surrounding area have resulted in declines in the avian fauna of the region since the 1970s. The decline in woodland bird populations has been caused by multiple factors including the conversion of hardwood forest to other land cover types, habitat fragmentation, and increasing human population growth. The identification of data gaps during the course of the assessment is an important NRCA outcome. Resource-specific details are presented in each resource section. In some cases, significant data gaps contributed to the resource not being evaluated or low confidence in the condition or trend being assigned to a resource. Primary data gaps and uncertainties encountered were lack of recent survey data, uncertainties regarding reference conditions, availability of consistent long-term data, and the need for more robust or sensitive sampling designs. Impacts associated with development outside the park will continue to stress some resources. Regionally, the direct and indirect effects of climate change are likely but specific outcomes are uncertain. Nonetheless, within the past several decades, some progress has been made toward restoring the quality of natural resources within the park, most notably the forested environments. Regional and park-specific mitigation and adaptation strategies are needed to maintain or improve the condition of some resources over time. Success will require acknowledging a ?dynamic change context? that manages widespread and volatile problems while confronting uncertainties, managing natural and cultural resources simultaneously and interdependently, developing disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge, and establishing connectivity across broad landscapes beyond park borders.

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Using a rapid assessment approach to evaluate the quality of care in an integrated program: The experience of the Family Health Division, Ministry of Health, Botswana. Population Council, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1997.1001.

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To strengthen existing efforts by the Government of Botswana in responding to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, USAID provided financial and technical assistance through the Botswana Population Assistance (BOTSPA) project. BOTSPA’s goal was to improve the quality and availability of family planning (FP) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services through designing, implementing, and monitoring activities that would lead to the eventual institutionalization and sustainability of high-quality FP and STI/HIV/AIDS services. The Ministry of Health requested assistance from the Africa OR/TA Project II to develop and test an approach for routinely measuring the quality of service delivery and assessing skills retention by staff trained through in-service courses. A rapid assessment mechanism was designed and then used to determine the readiness of health facilities in Botswana to offer quality FP and STI management services. According to this report, the mechanism was found generally acceptable, easy to use by staff and managers, and provided valid information on the readiness of the health facilities to provide FP and STI services.

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