Academic literature on the topic 'Famous animals'

On December 20, 2021, Andriy Petrovich Kruglyak, a well-known scientist and leading researcher of the Department of Cattle Breeding of the Institute of Animal Breeding nd. a. M.V.Zubets of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, will turn 80 years old. The jubilee was born in the village of Kupchyntsi, Illinetsky district, Vinnytsia region, into a peasant family. In 1962 he graduated from the Illinetsky Agricultural Technical School, worked as a zootechnician-manager of a cattle farm of the Kamyanogirsky sugar factory of the Illinetsky district of the Vinnytsia region.
 After serving in the Soviet Army he studied at the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy: 1965–1970 – a student of the Faculty of Zootechnics, 1970–1972 – an intern at the Department of Farm Animal Breeding, where he worked under the guidance of Professors I. V. Smirnov and M. A. Kravchenko, 1972–1974 – graduate student of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy.
 In 1974 he defended his dissertation "Age features of the reproductive capacity of bulls in connection with the types of higher nervous activity" in the specialty 06.02.01 – breeding and selection of farm animals. He was awarded the title of senior researcher in 1980.
 1974–1976 – senior researcher at the Central Research Station for Artificial Insemination of Farm Animals. Since 1976, the scientific activity of A. P. Kruglyak is connected with the Ukrainian Research Institute of Breeding and Artificial Insemination of Cattle (now the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets NAAS of Ukraine), where he holds the position of senior researcher, head of the laboratory for reproduction of farm animals, and since 1996 – the laboratory for breeding red-white cattle and gene pool of breeds (now the department of Selection of Cattle).
 The scientific's research is aimed at further development of the breed process through the effective use of the world's best gene pool and improver breeders of domestic breeds, improvement of biotechnology methods for reproduction of farm animals and conservation of genetic resources of farm animals.
 On the initiative of A. P. Kruglyak in 1975, as a basis for the accelerated breeding of domestic dairy and beef breeds, technological and organizational method of conservation and rational use of local and endangered domestic breeds, the Bank of Genetic Resources of Cattle at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Breeding and Artificial Insemination of Cattle (t-n Brovary) was created, which concentrated the genetic material of prominent bulls of 50 breeds and breed combinations of the world. The operation of this bank has ensured the accelerated breeding of dairy and beef breeds of cattle in Ukraine through the effective use of the best world gene pool of specialized breeds on all improved breeds of the country as a whole and preservation of local gene pool of local Gray Ukrainian and White-headed Ukrainian breeds.Due to the accelerated implementation of scientific developments of scientists of the institute in selection using genetic material of the gene pool bank, at the personal request of A. P. Kruglyak, the bank of genetic resources was awarded the status of National Heritage (order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine from August 19, 2002 № 472-r.).
 With the consent of NAAS and the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine in 2003–2007, A. P. Kruglyak headed the selection center "Genetic Resources". With his direct participation, the best in Europe breeding and technological center in cattle breeding has been built and the selection work, of which is aimed at improving dairy and beef breeds of cattle, was organized.
 From 2007 to 2011 he worked as a leading researcher at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, and from 2014 to the present – a leading researcher at the Department of Cattle Breeding of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets NAAS of Ukraine.
 Andriy Petrovich is a co-author of the first domestic specialized dairy – Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, its central, Carpathian intrabreed, Kyiv and Bukovyna factory types and 10th factory bloodlines.
 Dairy productivity of cows of the active part of the population for 305 days of the last completed lactation in 2020 was 7174 kg, and in the 12 best herds – 10.0–12.0 thousand kg, which corresponds to the level of productivity of cows in the most developed countries. During the last 10, creative collective of Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. М.V.Zubets of NAAS of Ukraine and specialists of breeding plants of experience economies of NAAS of Ukraine state plant "Khrystynivske", "Nyva", "Hontarivka, the own plant "Agroecologija", LTD plant "Krok-Ukrzalizbud", LTD plant "Kolos", "Bohdanivske", breeding enterprises LTD plant "The Genetic resources", LTD "The Ukrainian genetic company", JSC "Poltavaplemservis" and PSC SPC "Progress", under scientifically-methodical guidance of Andriy Petrovich works on the leadingout of new high-performance protein- fet- dairy Leader 1926780 bloodline in the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed, that now ratified Ministry development economy, trade, and agriculture (order № 2121 from 06.01.2021) as a breeding achievement in stock-breeding.
 He has prepared a number of original works on biotechnology of cattle breeding: is a co-author of recommendations for breeding, use and evaluation of bulls in complexes, instructions for grading cattle of dairy and dairy-beef breeds, artificial insemination of farm animals, developed a two-stage method of sperm thawing, long-term storage of thawed bull semen and native boar semen at positive temperatures, using the method of hypobiosis, developed and implemented at the Institute of Fisher Economy of NAAS of Ukraine method of freezing fisher gamets.
 A. P.Kruglyak's scientific achievements include more than 370 publications, including monographs, programs on breeding new breeds and types of cattle, reproduction of farm animals and preservation of the gene pool of breeds, sire catalogs, state books of breeding animals of cattle, articles in collections and periodicals, abstracts of reports, etc. Scientific achievements are protected by 17 copyright certificates and patents.
 Andriy Petrovich is a co-executor of international projects on selection and reproduction of animals, which were carried out together with scientists and practitioners from Canada, the USA, Switzerland and Poland.A. P. Kruglyak has long been a member of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine and the Academic Council of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets NAAS of Ukraine, a member of the editorial board of the scientific collection "Animal Breeding and Genetics" (1991–2006).
 Under the leadership of A. P. Kruglyak, 4 candidates of agricultural sciences, 16 graduates of the zootechnical faculty of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and more than 2,000 livestock specialists were trained. For the last 40 years he has been giving a course of lectures on selection and biotechnology of reproduction of farm animals at the School of Advanced Training of Livestock Specialists (t-n. Brovary).
 In 1993, A. P. Kruglyak was awarded the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology for the development of methods and breeding of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of cattle.
 By the decision of the Presidium of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine A. P. Kruglyak was awarded a memorable anniversary medal "100 years of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine". The Presidium of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and the staff of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets NAAS of Ukraine sincerely congratulate dear Andriy Petrovich and wish him good health, creative longevity and further success in the scientific field!

This paper examines the phenomenon of feline Youtube celebrity in the context of human/nonhuman animal interactions and the construction of the posthuman subject. I argue that “Henri,” or Henry, the Youtube star, presents the particularized difficulties of both human and nonhuman animals, including Derridean “nonpower,” manipulation through medium (virtual or otherwise), and the performativity of identity. While Derrida explicitly derides anthropomorphism as “a moralizing subjection, a domestication” in his The Animal That Therefore I Am,I will further argue for the critical possibilities of anthropomorphism using popular responses to the Henri videos alongside recent theoretical perspectives that argue for its necessity. This multimedia presentation aims to demonstrate that it is possible to draw the public fascination with feline celebrities into conversation with questions of what it means to be “human” or “animal,” as well as what it means to present oneself as “being” in a posthuman world.

The effectiveness of showing animal images compared to displaying human models in advertisements and the effectiveness of using animals for further marketing instruments such as brand names, mascots, logos, product packaging designs, slogans, and product shapes has rarely been investigated in the academic research. Moreover, the characteristics of the animals used (e.g., species, pose, age, and beauty) for creating effective advertising have been ignored to date. This lack of research is surprising because many companies use animal images for promoting their brands and products. Our findings indicate that advertising practice can benefit from showing animals instead of human models. In particular, we recommend using animals in advertising as follows. Both pets and undomesticated animals are found to be superior to human models in eliciting positive emotions such as pleasant surprise and happiness/joy. Furthermore, they are advantageous in evoking pleasant feelings of entertainment. If advertisers aim to induce such positive affective states in consumers, they should consider using animal images. Famous examples of this strategy are the commercials entitled “Buster, the Boxer” promoting John Lewis and “Lost Puppy” promoting Budweiser beer. The animals’ cuteness additionally positively influences feelings of entertainment. If the advertiser aims to enhance message credibility, we recommend using images of pets instead of depictions of undomesticated animals. Although we recommend using animals in advertising and in particular cute animals (infantile animals or cute species) and pets, we advise practitioners to be careful when showing animals as role models. People easily link and compare themselves to images of role models and might feel insulted. Therefore, we recommend against using animals such as the retailer Netto did in its “Netto Cats” commercial.

The article analyzes the images of animals in lyrical works of the famous Austrian expressionist poet Georg Trakl. Animals are the representatives of the biological kingdom of the same name. The images of mammals, as well as the images of insects, birds, and a worm are sequentially considered. There are twelve representatives. The images of animals are analyzed as elements of the artistic world of the works of the poet, which determines the novelty of the conclusions of this article. Each of the animals, according to the hypothesis, has a symbolic meaning, and the meaning is very stable, it moves from one poetic work to another. The symbolic meanings of the images of the animal kingdom in the poems of Georg Trakl are generally consistent with those established in common European culture, as evidenced by reference to the dictionaries of symbols (four authoritative sources are used). The authors reveal the semantic content of the image of each animal in specific texts, and compare it with the interpretation of its symbolic meaning in culture. As a result, conclusions are drawn about the coincidence of the full or partial semantic meaning of images in European culture (literature) and in Trakl's poems.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), or the transfer of genes between species, has been recognized recently as more pervasive than previously suspected. Here, we report evidence for an unprecedented degree of HGT into an animal genome, based on a draft genome of a tardigrade, Hypsibius dujardini. Tardigrades are microscopic eight-legged animals that are famous for their ability to survive extreme conditions. Genome sequencing, direct confirmation of physical linkage, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that a large fraction of the H. dujardini genome is derived from diverse bacteria as well as plants, fungi, and Archaea. We estimate that approximately one-sixth of tardigrade genes entered by HGT, nearly double the fraction found in the most extreme cases of HGT into animals known to date. Foreign genes have supplemented, expanded, and even replaced some metazoan gene families within the tardigrade genome. Our results demonstrate that an unexpectedly large fraction of an animal genome can be derived from foreign sources. We speculate that animals that can survive extremes may be particularly prone to acquiring foreign genes.

Abstract Prosopagnosia is a visual agnosia characterized by an inability to recognize previously known human faces and to learn new faces. The aim of this study was to present a forty-six year-old woman with congenital prosopagnosia, and to discuss the neural bases of perception and recognition of faces. The patients had a lifetime impairment in recognizing faces of family members, close friends, and even her own face in photos. She also had impairment in recognizing animals such as discriminating between cats and dogs. The patient's basic visual skills showed impairment in identifying and recognizing the animal form perception on the coding subtest of the WAIS-R, recognizing overlapping pictures (Luria), and in identifying silhouettes depicting animals and objects (VOSP). Unconventional tests using pictures evidenced impairment in her capacity to identify famous faces, facial emotions and animals. Her face perception abilities were preserved, but recognition could not take place. Therefore, it appears that the agnosia in this case best fits the group of categories termed "associative".

Abstract The most famous piece of the collection of Rasāʾil written by the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ is probably the animal fable included in Epistle 22, known in its English translation as “The Case of the Animals versus Man before the King of the Jinn.” The complexity and thematic richness of the work allows multiple readings and it has often been interpreted as a fable denouncing cruelty against animals. The abrupt ending of the work recognising the superiority of men, however, seems to contradict the ecological spirit that animates the debate. This article approaches this contradiction from a narratological point of view. Together with the genre of animal fables, especially the Kalīla wa-Dimna, the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ rely heavily on the tradition of the qiṣaṣ al-anbiyāʾ to recreate a setting that would have evoked in the educated audiences both the descriptions of the pre-Adamite era, where animals were free and had the ability to speak, and the consequences of the creation of Adam and his preordained fall. The recognition of these parallelisms and other proleptic clues creates a gap between the expectations of the characters and those of the readers, which can be interpreted as dramatic irony.

This month's problems are all about measurements related to sizes in the world, such as gigantic candy bars, signs, and animals. The letters on the famous Hollywood sign are 50 feet tall. The wooden Trojan horse was so big that a small army of soldiers could hide inside.

The article tells about the beginning of the research activities of famous evolutionary biologist, darwinist, academician оf Petersburg Academy of Sciences Alexander Kovalevsky (1840–1901). It is noted that the scientific work of a scientist in the field of zoology, comparative embryology, physiology of invertebrates animals got worldwide acknowledgment.

Infectious disease is recognized as the greatest threat to the endangered chimpanzees made famous by the groundbreaking work of Dr. Jane Goodall at Gombe National Park (GNP), Tanzania. The permeable boundary of this small protected area allows for regular wildlife–human and wildlife–domestic animal overlap, which may facilitate cross-species transmission of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance. Few studies have examined the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in wild ape populations. We used molecular techniques to investigate the presence of genes conferring resistance to sulfonamides (often used to treat diarrheal illness in human settings in this region) and tetracycline (used in the past—though much less so now) in fecal specimens from humans, domestic animals, chimpanzees, and baboons in and around GNP. We also tested stream water used by these groups. Sulfonamide resistance was common in humans (74%), non-human primates (43%), and domestic animals (17%). Tetracycline resistance was less common in all groups: humans (14%), non-human primates (3%), and domestic animals (6%). Sul resistance genes were detected from 4/22 (18%) of streams sampled. Differences in sul gene frequencies did not vary by location in humans nor in chimpanzees.

Although sleep forms an important part of an animal’s life, there is a paucity of knowledge about sleep behaviour. The function of sleep in birds is poorly understood, even though birds spend a large part of their lives sleeping. Sleep behaviour in passerine birds has not been looked at as extensively as that of non-passerine birds. I looked at the sleep behaviour of three relatively common passerine birds occurring in southern Africa, namely the Malachite Sunbird (Nectarinia famosa), the Cape White-eye (Zosterops pallidus) and the Fan-tailed Widowbird (Euplectes axillaris). By using an infra-red sensitive camera I described basic sleep behaviours at various ambient temperatures, of all three species, such as sleep position and eye closure, and also investigated the incidence of unihemispheric sleep. Individuals of all three species spent most of the night asleep and kept on waking up intermittently throughout the night, with no significant differences between temperatures. Cape White-eyes and Malachite Sunbirds showed an increase in back sleep and a decrease in front sleep at 5oC. Little evidence of unihemispheric sleep was found, suggesting that it is more likely to occur in non-passerines, especially ground dwelling birds. Diurnal birds generally sleep during the hours of darkness. Most male southern African sunbirds have pectoral tufts, although the function of these is not always understood. In male Malachite Sunbirds it has recently been found that they display their pectoral tufts almost continuously throughout the night, whilst asleep. I explored the possible function of this behaviour and suggest that these tufts might be a deterrent to predators, as they look like ‘eyes’ in the dark. A review of the use and occurrence of pectoral tufts in southern African sunbird species is also presented. Blood glucose concentrations of most birds are much higher than those found in mammals and it is still not known how they evade the complications of such high levels. I investigated the change in blood glucose concentrations of Malachite Sunbirds at two different ambient temperatures and at different times of the night and day and explored the possibility that gluconeogenesis might be used by birds to ‘warm up’ during arousal of torpor in the early morning, before daylight. Generally blood glucose levels were fairly high, between 13.6 and 21.4 mmol/L, which was expected. Blood glucose levels were higher at 5oC than at 25oC and generally lower in the early hours of the morning. Therefore I reject the assumption that Malachite Sunbirds use gluconeogenesis as an additional form of heat generation during torpor. It is thought that the difference in the levels of blood glucose might be a function of the cold temperature and the consumption of their nectarivorous diet. This research clearly highlights the need for further studies to be undertaken in the sleeping behaviours and patterns of birds, especially in southern African species. It also shows that more studies need to be done on the use of pectoral tufts in sunbird species and furthermore it is suggested that more research is needed to elucidate the mechanism by which Malachite Sunbirds are able to rapidly ‘warm up’ during arousal, when in torpor.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.

This paper aims to cast new light on Anton Domenico Gabbiani’s first sojourn in Venice, which took place between 1678 and 1681, by following the two main biographies of the artist, written by Ignazio Enrico Hugford and Francesco Saverio Baldinucci, and by analysing new archival documents. Specific attention is given to the constant study of artworks by the great Venetian masters of the Sixteenth century, especially Titian, to whom Gabbiani devoted himself also in his later years, copying famous masterpieces of the Cadore painter. Through some unpublished drawings of the Uffizi and new or little-known paintings, the Venetian component of Gabbiani’s style is identified in the way of composing and in the execution of airy and light figures. The highlights and intense Venetian colorism contributed to the creation of sophisticated chiaroscuro modulations expressed in the mimetic rendering of animals and landscape settings.

AbstractAnimal rights is an idea whose time has come. This book looks at animal rights through the lens—and as a phenomenon—of new human rights. It revisits a question once famously asked by the philosopher Paola Cavalieri: are human rights human? In other words, can and should animals have some of the same fundamental rights that have traditionally been reserved for humans in the guise of ‘human rights’?

It is well known that vampires can turn into bats and creatures of other shapes and sizes. This chapter looks at how that might be achieved without breaking any fundamental laws of physics. Could they be using some kind of disguise or camouflage? Or perhaps there are other reasons for how the association between vampires and certain animals came about. It could be that vampires have qualities or behaviours that are more like certain animals. Certain animals are also associated with disease and its spread. Some of these diseases, such as rabies, have particularly strong links to vampirism because of the animals that transmit it and the symptoms they display.

Abstract The theses on animal behavior that Descartes sets out in the Discourse on the Method are in line with Thomas Aquinas’ thoughts on the same topic. The famous Cartesian theory according to which animals are devoid of sensitivity is not present in this work. Instead, it is clearly stated in the Treatise on Man. The Discourse on the Method, on the other hand, is more daring than the Treatise on Man when it comes to the possibility of reading a divine project into the structure of living organisms. This possibility was granted in the Treatise on Man, in agreement with Silhon’s text L’immortalité de l’ame, but it was presented as a provisional hypothesis to be confirmed by further scientific inquiries in the Discourse on the Method.

This chapter addresses the famous joke on “the elephant and the Jewish question,” whose prominence is attested by its many iterations not only in collections of Jewish jokes but also in works of philosophy and theory. Drawing together two seemingly unrelated terms such as Jews and elephants and pointing at their close proximity, jokes do not merely comment on the preposterous character of the “rumor about the Jews” that there is an inherent relationship between Jews and nonhuman animals. The joke also points to what escapes theory and calls out its limitations, for theory takes the Jew as well as the animal as categories, singular as they might be, that can be comprehended only vis-à-vis universals. The chapter then looks at how Jewish authors have called into question the human-nonhuman animal divide in their struggle to think through European modernity.

There is currently a sustained interest in biofuels as they represent a potential alternative to petroleum derived fuels. Biofuels are likely to help decrease greenhouse gases emissions and the dependence on oil resources. Biodiesels are Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) that are mainly derived from vegetable oils; their compositions depend from the parent vegetables: rapeseed (“RME”), soybean (“SME”), sunflower, palm etc. A fraction of biodiesel has also an animal origin (“tallow”). A key factor for the use of biofuels in gas turbines is their Emissions Indices (NOx, CO, VOC, PM) in comparison with those of conventional “petroleum gasoils”. While biodiesels reduce carbon-containing pollutants, experimental data from diesel engines show a slight increase in NOx. The literature relating to gas turbines is very scarce. Two recent, independent field tests carried out in Europe (RME) and in the USA (SME) showed slightly lower NOx while a lab test on a microturbine showed the opposite effect. To clarify the NOx index of biodiesels in gas turbines, a study has been undertaken, taking gasoil and natural gas (NG) as reference fuels. In this study, a calculation of the flame temperature developed by the 3 classes of fuels has been performed and the effect of their respective compositions has been investigated. The five FAMEs studied were RME, SME and methyl esters of sunflower, palm and tallow; these are representative of most widespread vegetable and animal oil bases worldwide. The software THERGAS has been used to calculate the enthalpy and free energy properties of the fuels and GASEQ for the flame temperature (Tf), acknowledging the fact that “thermal NOx” represents the predominant form of NOx in gas turbines. To complete the approach to structural effects, we have modeled two NG compositions (rich and weak gas) and three types of gasoil using variable blends of eleven linear/branched/cyclic molecules. The results are consistent with the two recent field tests and show that the FAMEs lie close to petroleum gasoils and higher than NG in terms of NOx emission. The composition of the biodiesel and regular diesel fuel influences their combustion heat: methyl esters with double bonds see a slight increase of their Tf and their NOx index while that of gasoil is sensitive to the aromatic content.

Introdução: A Tribulus terrestris, popularmente conhecida como videira da punctura, abrolho terrestre, rabo-de-calango, tribulo, tribulus e cabeça-de-touro, é uma erva daninha da família Zygophyllaceae com propriedades medicinais e fama afrodisíaca. Planta nativa e frequente na Europa e Sul da Ásia, atualmente, pode ser encontrada em diferentes regiões do mundo, sendo considerada uma planta invasora. Objetivo: Revisar sobre informações existentes a respeito da Tribulus terrestris e seu uso medicinal, levando em consideração a sua composição química, assim como sua utilização na medicina tradicional. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa efetuada por meio de revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos encontrados nas bases de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDILINE), o critério de inclusão utilizado foi a compatibilidade com o tema, foram utilizados artigos em português e inglês produzidos nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Na composição da tribulus são encontradas substâncias como saponinas, flavonóides, glicosídeos, alcalóides e taninos, sendo as saponinas as substâncias mais importantes e estudadas nesta planta por suas propriedades. As saponinas, em específico a protodioscina e protogracilina presentes na planta, são responsáveis pela fama afrodisíaca. A tribulus apresenta atividade diurética devido a sua concentração de nitrato e óleo essencial presentes em seus frutos e sementes, em animais apresenta também várias outras atividades farmacológicas como ativada antiurolítica e imunomoduladora, mas existe a carência de amplos estudos dessas atividades farmacológicas em humanos. Tradicionalmente, esta planta é historicamente utilizada na medicina tradicional da China, Ayuveda e Unani para tratar disfunção erétil, fígado deprimido, utilizada como cardiotônico, diurético entre outras atividades medicinais atribuídas a planta. Conclusão: Assim sendo, o uso da Tribulus terrestris é antigo na sociedade e está presente em diversas medicinas tradicionais. Famosa por seu efeito afrodisíaco, mas existe a possibilidade da tribulus contribuir para medicina moderna com sua atividade farmacológica.

En los últimos 60 años, el rápido aumento de la densidad de población en grandes centros urbanos hizo proliferar los modelos de construcción verticales, por lo que una prioridad y tendencia establecida. Sin embargo, esto ha provocado un profundo cambio en el paisaje de las ciudades, de la que emergen de manera exponencial y sin planificación urbana, edificios con espacios reducidos cada vez más, causados, entre otros factores, por los precios exorbitantes de alta especulación. En este escenario, es necesario pensar en otras alternativas de modelos espaciales de la construcción urbana más sostenible. Un ejemplo prometedor que se traduce en consonancia con todo este contexto es la estructura geodésica patentada en 1954 por el famoso arquitecto e ingeniero Richard Buckminster Fuller (1895-1983). En resumen, se puede representar por una malla de triángulos que componen una configuración esférica. En la construcción de esta estructura Fuller mostró un muy ligero y fuerte, a pesar de la pequeña cantidad de materia prima utilizada para los triángulos que forman son más resistentes a la presión y a la flexión de los rectángulos, por ejemplo. Además, puede ser construido con barras de prácticamente cualquier material y su forma esférica ofrece las atmósferas de interior más eficientes para la vida humana. Aunque esta forma también geométrica, Gorman (2005) explica que Buckminster buscaba inspiración para sus cúpulas geodésicas en microorganismos de Radiolaria, representado por la geometrización de las estructuras óseas de estos diminutos animales marinos. Él creía que la naturaleza favoreció los diseños geodésicas máximo económicos y, por lo tanto, deben ser un reflejo de la estructura fundamental del cosmos. Por lo tanto, se percibe que la geodésica Fuller ya había establecido una fuerte conexión con los principios del biomimetismo incluso antes de que se define como la ciencia también utiliza el know-how y la experiencia de la naturaleza para resolver problemas complejos de la vida humana (transporte, vivienda, energía, agua, etc.) para ganar eficiencia, a la vista de la sostenibilidad. La intención de este artículo es establecer la relación entre la biomimética y geodésica de Fuller dar a conocer mejor las ventajas de pensar otras alternativas constructivas más de esta tendencia establecida de la integración vertical de los espacios urbanos, creyendo en el potencial que estas estructuras representan cómo los nuevos modelos de la construcción urbana más sostenible.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3369

The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.