Dissertations / Theses: 'Fanatisme'

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Duccini, Bertrand. "L'Envers de la pornographie : actualité du fanatisme." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30023.

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Il s'agit d'une étude transhistorique des phénomènes de fanatisme selon une perspective psychanalytique. A partir de l'étude d'un corpus littéraire, politique, artistique, cinématographique et de faits historiques ou d'actualité, nous montrons comment le fanatisme s'articule à la manière dont le dispositif symbolique et culturel d'une société contrôle l'évacuation de l'abject sous la forme de l'obscène, dont la pornographie est l'avatar moderne. En dernière instance, cette thèse jette une lumière nouvelle sur l'islamisme radical contemporain This research addresses the issue of fanaticism throughout history, from a psychoanalytic standpoint which analyses various speech data: litterature, politics, arts, cinema, historical facts and news items. We intend to demonstrate that fanaticism is linked to the containment of obscenity and abjectness by the symbolic and cultural strutures of society, and that pornography reveals the modern crisis of the abjection containment process. Ultimately, the thesis sheds a new light on contemporary radical jihadism

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Ben, Khamsa Yassin Karim. "Figures du fanatisme dans l'œuvre de Voltaire (1761-1765)." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082673.

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Cette thèse apporte un regard sur la question de la lutte de Voltaire contre le fanatisme. Elle est une tentative de proposer une analyse de l’engagement et de l’action de Voltaire. Elle repose sur une réflexion en profondeur sur le fanatisme. Elle est précise aussi dans la mesure où elle est centrée sur quatre années de l’activité de Voltaire particulièrement intenses (1761-1765). Cette étude de rhétorique portera donc essentiellement sur le Traité sur la tolérance, le Dictionnaire philosophique, ainsi que sur la Correspondance. Dans la première partie qui s’intitulera Les métaphores du fanatisme, il s’agira d’étudier le fanatisme qui est un des ennemis personnels de Voltaire, une vieille connaissance dont il repousse l’image détestée mais qui l’obsède. Cette image affreuse, génératrice d’angoisse, que Voltaire véhicule dans ses textes où il parle de fanatisme et de fanatique est très récurrente dans son œuvre. Il faudra donc saisir dans les occurrences du texte voltairien les connotations particulières à l’écrivain en tentant de déterminer l’évolution dans le temps de l’emploi de ce mot. Il est de même nécessaire de voir l’attitude de Voltaire durant sa carrière d’écrivain face à la notion de fanatisme et le jugement qu’il porte sur les fanatiques ainsi que ses réactions devant leur présence dans l’histoire humaine ou autour de lui. Dans la deuxième partie que nous allons intituler L’érudition voltairienne, nous allons montrer que l’œuvre de Voltaire témoigne de sa grande culture biblique, de ses recherches, de ses lectures éclectiques et abondantes, de sa curiosité constamment en éveil. La Bible est tout entière dans les lettres et les œuvres de Voltaire. Par un audacieux retournement, les formules bibliques ponctuent les appels à la lutte contre l’Infâme. Dans la troisième et dernière partie intitulée La rhétorique de l’ironie, il sera question d’étudier l’ironie qui est l’arme préférée de Voltaire. Il ne fait aucun doute que son arme la plus efficace contre le fanatisme est l’ironie, qu’il manie de main de maître. L’ironie est un des procédés les plus courants employés par Voltaire pour lutter contre le fanatisme, c’est-à-dire contre tout ce qui le fait souffrir et contre tout ce qui nuit à l’Homme This thesis provide a certain look on the Voltaire struggle against the fanaticism. It’s an attempt to analyse the Voltaire’s commitment and action. It’s a deep thougt on the fanaticism. This research is precise in so far as it’s condensed on four years of the Voltaire’s intense activity. This rhetoric research is about the Traité de la tolérance, The Dictionnaire philosophique and also over the Correspondance. On the first part, entitled The fanaticism metaphors, it’s a study of the fanaticism as one of the personal enemis of Voltaire, an old aquaintance that he push away and that is hauting him. This dreadful and anguished image that voltaire convey througt his texts is redundant on his work. So we have to grasp on the different senses of the Voltaire’s texts, the connotations of the term fanaticism, it evolution and it use througt the time. It’s necessary to look at the Voltaire attitude over his writer career behind the term fanaticism and the judgment he keep on the fanatics and his reactions to their presence on his time and througt the human history. On the second part entitled The Volairian erudition we have to demonstrate that the Voltaire’s work testify to his biblic culture, his researchs his eclectic and plentful reading his curiosity constantly awakening. The whole bible is present on the letters and the Voltaire’s work. By a daring turn, the biblic expressions, punctuate the calls for the struggle against L’Infâme. On the third and last part entitled The rhetoric of the irony, we have to study the irony as the prefered arm of Voltaire. There’s no doubt that his effective arm against the fanaticism is the irony. The irony is one of the most common method used by voltaire to fight the fanaticism against who’s making him suffering and making suffering the human being

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Younes, Ahmad. "Le fanatisme religieux et les pratiques éducatives familiales en Syrie." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR065.

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De nos jours, nous assistons à une montée de vagues de violence et de fanatisme religieux, particulièrement en Syrie. Le paradoxe qui intrigue c’est que ces actes criminels, teintés des couleurs de la barbarie et de l'horreur ne sont pas perpétrés par des criminels reconnus, des délinquants ou des aliénés avérés, mais, tout au contraire, que les auteurs de ces crimes sont des individus réputés normaux, n'ayant pas de casier judiciaire. Comment comprendre ce phénomène du point de vue de la société et de l’éducation des jeunes ? La société syrienne, entre autres, a vécu, de fortes pressions provoquant des changements accélérés qui constituent un terrain fertile pour les différents phénomènes de violence, de meurtre, de pillage, de saccage, de destruction, et de fanatisme tant ethnique que religieux. À ce propos, notre recherche tente d’éclairer la notion de fanatisme, d’en dégager quelques processus, d'expliquer les mécanismes et les causes du fanatisme, à commencer par examiner le rôle de la famille dans la constitution et la formation de telles tendances. La question de recherche est d’interroger le lien qu’il pourrait y avoir entre les pratiques éducatives parentales et le phénomène du fanatisme religieux en Syrie. En nous appuyant sur une approche croisée à la fois psycho-éducative, socio-anthropologique et philosophique. Concernant le rapport entre les pratiques éducatives parentales en Syrie et le degré du fanatisme religieux, la recherche montre l'existence d'un lien très fort, notamment chez les garçons. Plus ces pratiques éducatives parentales sont autoritairitaristes, plus les garçons ont tendance à être fanatiques Nowadays, we are witnessing a rising tide of violence and religious fanaticism, particularly in Syria. The intriguing paradox is that these criminal acts, tinged with the colors of barbarism and horror, are not perpetrated by recognized criminals, delinquents or proven lunatics, but, on the contrary, the perpetrators of these crimes are individuals deemed normal, with no criminal record. How to understand this phenomenon from the point of view of society and the education of young people? Syrian society, among others, has experienced strong pressures causing accelerated changes that constitute fertile ground for various phenomena of violence, murder, looting, looting, destruction, and fanaticism both ethnic and religious. In this regard, our research attempts to shed light on the notion of fanaticism, to identify some of its processes, to explain the mechanisms and causes of fanaticism, starting by examining the role of the family in the constitution and formation of such trends. The research question is to question the link that there could be between parental educational practices and the phenomenon of religious fanaticism in Syria. By relying on a crossed approach that is at the same time psycho-educational, socio-anthropological and philosophical. Regarding the relationship between parental education practices in Syria and the degree of religious fanaticism, research shows the existence of a very strong link, especially among boys. The more authoritarian are these parenting practices, the more the boys tend to be fanatical

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Günther, Michael. "Masse und Charisma : soziale Ursachen des politischen und religiösen Fanatismus /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400263601.

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D'Bichi, Akila. "Terrorisme, terreur et politique en Algérie : Penser la terreur aujourd'hui." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080056.

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Les violences souvent meurtrières qui ont jalonné l’histoire de l’Algérie contemporaine ont ouvert des plaies béantes qui questionnent profondément les rapports entre société, Etat et organisations contestataires du pouvoir. En ce sens, l’Algérie constitue un laboratoire multidimensionnel où s’appréhendent les relations complexes entre Etat et Nation, exercice du pouvoir et effets de cet exercice sur les populations, idéologies et valeurs, de même que déterminisme dogmatique et autodétermination des peuples. Dans cet entrelacs d’antagonismes exprimés à grande échelle, chaque Nation devient un contexte particulier de potentialisation d’un terrorisme qui s’enracine dans les équilibres et tensions géopolitiques. A un autre niveau, intra-sociétal quant à lui, chaque pays, à l’exemple de l’Algérie, cristallise par ailleurs une histoire et une culture qui lui est propre et dans laquelle se sont forgés autant d’idéaux et de discours politiques dont les effets se sont révélés tour à tour structurants et sources de terreur. Par édulcoration, s’impose l’importance d’explorer la notion de terrorisme d’Etat et d’envisager son recours à la violence, à la force et à l’idéologie comme autant de facettes d’un même spectre d’expression du pouvoir d’Etat. A l’échelle de l’événement enfin, le fait consacré par un sens souverain contribue à un processus de réification dont l’aboutissement peut témoigner d’un terrorisme en marche dont on ne perçoit pas toujours l’existence. La fragmentation des espaces, de même que la territorialisation des vécus individuels dans l’espace social et national, témoignent d’un terrorisme disséminé, invisible parfois, encore que souterrain, aux émergences aussi multiples que l’autorise la multiplicité des acteurs participant à l’édification de l’histoire du pays – tels que les MIA, FIS, GIA algériens. Les traces et stigmates qu’ils laissent sur les populations locales procèdent de rapports de force au sens d’une microphysique du pouvoir telle qu’élaborée par Foucault. De cette grille de lecture, et à l’exemple de l’Algérie, nous entendons explorer dans cette thèse les mécanismes par lesquels la terreur substantialise une société et par lesquels le terrorisme procède de son institutionnalisation à un degré plus élevé de récupération. Fin de toute analyse, cette thèse questionne la place de la violence dans le processus de réification des représentations sociales et culturelles de même que ses possibilités de sublimation The often deadly violence that have marked out the history of contemporary Algeria opened open wounds that question deeply the relationship between society. In this sense, Algeria constitutes a multidimensional laboratory where are apprehended the complex relationships between State and Nation, exercising power and effects of this exercise on the populations, ideologies and values, as well as dogmatic determinism and self-determination of peoples. In this interlacing of antagonism expressed on a large scale, each Nation becomes a particular context of potential terrorism rooted in geopolitical balance and tension. Concerning the intra societal mechanism, each country, following the example of Algeria, crystallizes a history and a culture on its own in which many forged ideals and political discourses whose effects appeared in turn structuring and sources of terror. By sweetening, is essential the importance to explore the concept of terrorism of State and to consider its recourse to violence, force and ideology as so many facets of the same expression spectrum State power. At the scale of the finally event, the fact devoted by a sovereign direction contributes to a process of reification whose result can testify to a terrorism moving which we do not always perceive. The fragmentation of spaces, just as the regionalization of individual experiences in the social and national space, show a disseminated terrorism, sometimes invisible, although underground, with emergences as multiple as authorizes the multiplicity of actors involved in the construction of the country's history such as MIA, MADE, Algerian GIA. The traces and scars which they leave on the local populations proceed of power struggles within the meaning of a microphysics of power as worked out by Foucault. Of this grid of reading, and the Algeria following example, we intend to explore in this thesis the mechanisms by which terror substantializes a society and by which terrorism precedes of its institutionalization to a higher degree of recovery. End of any analysis, this thesis questions the place of violence in the process of reification of the social and cultural representations just as its sublimation opportunities

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Pollarolo, Giovanna. "Don Quijote, el escribidor y el escritor." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102689.

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En sus diversos estudios críticos, Mario Vargas Llosa ha mostrado un especial interés en reflexionar sobre la teoría novelística de Miguel de Cervantes en función de sus propias preocupaciones como estudioso y novelista. Basta leer el ensayo “Una novela para el siglo XXI” que escribió en 2005 como introducción para la edición del Quijote con motivo de la celebración del IV Centenario, para constatar que Vargas Llosa “lee” a Cervantes en función de sus propias reflexiones sobre la teoría de la novela, el fanatismo o la “locura” de los personajes, la ficción y sus relaciones con la “realidad”, las voces narrativas o el problema del narrador. Pero la relación de Mario Vargas Llosa con Cervantes va más allá del ámbito teó-rico o reflexivo y se manifiesta en la propia creación novelística tal como ocurre, específicamente, en La tía Julia y el escribidor. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar el “diálogo” que se establece en La tía Julia y el escribidor con el Quijote a partir de la “locura” de Pedro Camacho, el escribidor de radionovelas creado por Vargas Llosa, y sus semejanzas con la del caballero andante. In his diverse critical studies, Mario Vargas Llosa has shown particular interest in reflecting on Miguel de Cervantes’s novelistic theory in accordance with his own concerns as a scholar and novelist. Suffice it to read the essay “Una novela para el siglo XXI” that he wrote in 2005 as an introduction to the edition of Don Quijote prepared to celebrate the IV Centenario, to make sure that Vargas Llosa “reads” Cervantes in accordance with his own reflections on the theory of the novel, fanaticism or the “insanity” of the characters, the fiction and its relationship with “reality”, the narrative voices or the problem of the narrator. But the Cervantes – Vargas Llosa relationship goes beyond the theoretical level or reflective and is manifested in his own novelistic creation such as ocurrs, specifically, in La tía Julia y el escribidor. In that sense, the main goal of this study is to analyze the “dialogue” that is set between La tía Julia y el escribidor and the Quijotefrom the point of view of the “insanity” of Pedro Camacho, the writer of radio soap operas created by Vargas Llosa, and their similarities with that of the knight-errant.

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Dubois, Bruno. "Réalité et imaginaire, le Japon vu par le XVIIIème siècle français." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843582.

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A partir de la mi-XVIe siècle et pendant près de cent ans, les lettres et témoignages offerts à l'attention des lecteurs européens contribuent à créer un " Japon textuel " où viennent s'entrelacer deux histoires : d'une part, celle d'un pays féodal et instable mais accueillant aux influences extérieures ; d'autre part, celle d'âpres rivalités européennes à la fois religieuses et économiques. Mais à partir de 1639, date de la fermeture du Japon aux pays occidentaux, et plus encore au XVIIIe siècle, cet entrelacs prend, par la force des choses, une autre forme, purement intertextuelle cette fois. Objet de la thèse, cette présence du Japon dans les écrits de langue française au XVIIIe siècle témoigne de l'élaboration progressive d'une topique qui tient lieu de connaissance en même temps que de support à un imaginaire " japonisant ". C'est également sur fond de cette méconnaissance que sont parfois développés les thèmes chers à la réflexion philosophique des Lumières - la tolérance, la liberté religieuse, la justice, l'obscurantisme et le despotisme -. Révélateurs du fossé sans cesse grandissant qui se creuse entre la réalité historique japonaise et la représentation qui en est faite par les lettrés français, les documents pris en considération se révèlent également riches en enseignements sur les pratiques d'écriture - et en l'occurrence de réécriture - des auteurs français, sur leur volonté de raisonner à l'échelle du monde mais aussi sur la résistance que la pensée des Lumières opposait aux autres formes de pensée.

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Naman, Ghada. "La correspondance de Voltaire avec Étienne–Noël Damilaville." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0027.

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La présente thèse porte sur la correspondance de Voltaire avec Étienne- Noël Damilaville qui dure huit ans (1760- 1768). Le corpus est composé des lettres qui nous sont parvenues ; il compte cinq cent cinquante neuf lettres. Parmi elles, il y a cinq cent quarante lettres de Voltaire à Damilaville. Cette étude est divisée en trois parties ; elle vise à expliquer la nature des relations qui lient les deux hommes et la façon dont l’échange épistolaire s’est développée. Les lettres sont remplies de demandes, demandes de livres, d’informations, de remises de lettres ou de paquets et de services de tout genre. Elles révèlent la grande confiance que Voltaire fait à son correspondant. On perçoit facilement la loyauté de Damilaville qui n’hésite pas à exaucer toutes ces demandes. Plusieurs côtés de la vie de Voltaire à Ferney sont présentés, aussi bien que ses relations avec Paris par la médiation de Damilaville qui travaille au bureau du Vingtième, une place qui l’aide tant pour les services postaux que pour éviter la censure imposée sur la poste et sur les livres qui entrent en France au XVIIIème siècle. La correspondance est riche par la variation des sujets et des domaines abordés, elle reflète la vie de Voltaire comme homme et comme auteur, surtout comme auteur engagé dans la lutte contre le fanatisme, dit « l'Infâme ». On essaye de montrer son rôle et celui du groupe de « frères » dans ce combat, sans négliger l’importance du rôle de Damilaville comme intermédiaire avec les « frères » et avec les autres relations. On présente la stratégie de la lutte dans les affaires Calas, Sirven et La Barre ; le rôle de Voltaire comme chef de propagande est clair, il lui appartient de donner les ordres et les recommandations, de demander des contacts, de présenter des requêtes ou des lettres. Il ne ménage pas ses efforts pour acquérir la victoire, il consacre à la lutte des œuvres importantes. Cette recherche analyse certaines d’entre elles pour comprendre la méthode utilisée afin de soutenir la notion de tolérance et vaincre le fanatisme. Enfin, le style épistolaire utilisé est étudié à travers la présentation de la structure commune de la lettre, celle de son unité et l’application de la norme classique adoptée dans le genre épistolaire. On voit que les lettres appartiennent à un genre souple qui change selon l’usage entre une lettre missive, une épître, un billet et une lettre ostensible. L’étude aborde l’image de Voltaire présentée par lui-même dans ses lettres, il y a certaines lettres qui se transforment en lettre portrait qui dessine les traits de sa personne et présente sa biographie, elle devient un lieu d’épanchement dans lequel il se livre pour révéler l’intimité du « moi » de l’auteur. L’image de ses œuvres et de ses pièces de théâtre a sa place dans les lettres. On étudie la manière de les présenter et l’image que Voltaire désire en donner à son correspondant This thesis talks about the correspondence of Voltaire with Étienne-Noël Damilaville which lasts eight years (1760 to 1768). The corpus consists of the letters we received, it has five hundred fifty-nine letters. Among them there are five hundred forty letters from Voltaire to Damilaville. This study is divided into three parts, it aims to explain the nature of relationships that link the two men and how the epistolary exchange was developed. The letters are full of requests, requests for books, information, discounts of letters or packages and services of all kinds. They letters reveal the great confidence that Voltaire to his correspondent. One easily sees loyalty Damilaville who does not hesitate to fulfill these requests. Several aspects of life in Ferney Voltaire are presented, as well as its relations with Paris by mediation of Damilaville who works in the office of the Twentieth. Its function using both postal services and to avoid the censorship imposed on the post and on the books that come in France in the eighteenth century. The correspondence is rich variation in subjects and areas covered, it reflects the life of Voltaire as a man and author, particularly as the author engaged in the fight against bigotry, says the "Infâme". It tries to show its role and that the group of "brothers" in this fight, without neglecting the importance of Damilaville as his intermediary with the "brothers" and with other relationships. We present the strategy in the fight business Calas, Sirven and La Barre; Voltaire's role as head of propaganda is clear, he is giving orders and recommendations, to seek contacts, make requests or letters. He spares no efforts to gain the victory he dedicated to the struggle of important works. This research examines some of them to understand the method used to support the notion of tolerance and overcome fanaticism. Finally, the epistolary style used is examined through the presentation of the common structure of the letter, that of his unit and applying the standard adopted in the conventional epistolary genre. We see that the letters belong to a genre that changes with flexible usage between a registered letter, an epistle, a letter and a letter ostensibly. The study addresses the image of Voltaire by himself in his letters, there are some letters that turn into letter portrait that draws the lines of his person and presents his biography, it becomes a place where he effusion book is to reveal the intimacy of the ego of the author. The image of his works and his plays has its place in literature. It examines how present and the image that Voltaire wants to give his correspondent

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Chami, Ali. "L'Islam et la domination de l'Occident : étude sur les asabiya de civilisation." Lyon 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO31005.

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Cette etude traite les rapports de l'occident et de l'islam sous l'eclairage du concept de la asabiya. La periode coloniale, a travers ses donnees de base et ses effets fit emerger en conflit complexe entre deux identites dans le cadre de la dominance de l'une sur l'autre. Mais chacune d'elles exprima un attachement puissant a son unite globale et a la perpetuation de son etre. La asabiya de l'occident traduisait l'unite du vainqueur et sa volonte tenace d'imposer son modele civilisationnel universel sur le monde musulman, et ceci, au cours de son projet de domination, qui a implique une politique d'occidentalisation et de bouleversement des reperes culturels de la societe vaincue. Dans l'autre camp, la asabiya islamique exprima la reaction des societes musulmanes face a la domination, contre les tentatives de depersonnification. Cette asabiya fut le moyen qui permit aux musulmans de sauvegarder leur etre, et d'exprimer l'unite de leur position face a l'occident. Il s'agit d'une position negative provoquee par les circonstances, les formes et les consequences de la domination coloniale. Elle a pousse les musulmans a un attachement ferme a tout ce qui les differencie des dominants. Ce qui amena les musulmans a regarder l'occident avec mefiance et angoisse, et a surmonter leur faiblesse objective en lui opposant un defi culturel par le biais d'une asabiya generale This study deals with the relations between the west and islam in the light of the concept of asabiya. The colonialist period, through its basic thought and the effects it generated, gave birth to a conflict between two cultural identities in which one dominated the other. But each one of them expressed a very deep attachment to its own unity and a will to perpetuate its own way of being. The western asabiya expressed the unity of the winner and its very strong will to impose its own world view on the muslim world through a plan of domination which implied a policy of westernization of the defeated society where all the cultural standards were disturbed. On the other side, the islamic asabiya was a response of the dominated society facing domination, rising against the attempts to deprive it of its own self. Through this asabiya, the muslims could safeguard their own self and express their unity opposite the west. This was a negative attitude of reaction provoked by the circumstances, the forms and consequences of the colonialist domination. The muslims adopted an attitude of deep attachment to all the signs of differenciation with the dominants. They looked at the west with anguish and distrust and tried to overcome their objective weakness by opposing a cultural challenge: their own asabiya

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Haddad, Dolly. "La verve polémique dans les lettres de Voltaire de 1758 à 1770." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2009.

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Siècle de la "terreur intellectuelle", du gouvernement des prêtres, le dix-huitième siècle est aussi celui de l'éclosion d'une parole philosophique qui tente de se libérer de ses fers par une verve révoltée, polémique. La correspondance de voltaire nous conte l'itinéraire d'un philosophe "engagé" armé du rire, en croisade contre l'ennemi : défenseurs du trône et de l'autel, chevaliers d'une entité tantôt concrète, tantôt abstraite, l'"infâme", présentée comme l'envers de la religion. Cette correspondance nous révèle également le risque que courait le polémiste entré en campagne au nom de la raison et les mesures préventives prises pour échapper à la répression. Dans ce combat philosophique mené religieusement, Voltaire s'acharne également sur Jean-Jacques Rousseau, mais l'attaque n'est pas à détacher de la lutte contre l'"infâme". En effet, en désertant le camp philosophique et en désignant dans ses fameuses Lettres écrites de la montagne, Voltaire comme auteur d'un écrit irréligieux, Jean-Jacques tombait dans le camp adverse. Jamais Voltaire ne lui pardonnera cette "trahison". Mais Jean-Jacques est aussi le rival politique de Voltaire dans la "guerre civile" de Genève Century of intellectual terror, of priest government, the eighteenth century also gave birth to a polemic voice that tries to free itself from its chains through a revolted polemic verve. Voltaire's correspondence relates an "engaged" philosopher armed with laughter, a philosopher in crusade against the enemy : the defenders of the royalty and the church, knights of an entity, sometimes concrete, sometimes abstract, the "infame" presented as the reverse of religion. This correspondence also reveals the risk which the polemicist encountered in campaign in the name of the reason and the preventive measures taken in order to escape repression. In this philosophical struggle lead religiously, Voltaire also attacks J. J. Rousseau. But this attack must not be detached from the fight against l'"infame". Indeed, by deserting the philosophical camp and by designating Voltaire in his famous "Lettres écrites de la montagne" as the author of an irreligious work, J. J. Rousseau fell

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Potel, Marc. "Orients de nos mémoires : le fantasme de l'exotisme et le spectre du fanatisme, figures émergentes des représentations médiatiques et photographiques contemporaines de l'Orient musulman dans la presse écrite française." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20051.

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Le traitement journalistique de la révolution iranienne initiée par Khomeiny en 1979 et l' " affaire des foulards de Creil " en 1989 est symptomatique des stéréotypes véhiculés sur l'Orient dans les médias et en particulier la presse écrite française. Les photographies et les articles publiés pendant cette période (1979-1995) et se rapportant à ces deux événements enferment les représentations de l'Orient, selon une continuité historique, dans deux figures emblématiques : le fantasme de l'exotisme et le spectre du fanatisme. Ce processus de construction et de représentation résulte à la fois d'un inconscient collectif et d'une culture professionnelle des journalistes fondée sur le mythe de l'événement comme réalité objective. Les représentations contemporaines occidentales de l'Orient s'enracinent dans un champ de références qui, des Croisades, autre mythe fondateur des clivages Orient-Occident à l'instrumentalisation de l'Islam, continuent de façonner ces images de l'Orient. Depuis ce mythe des Croisades omniprésent dans les médias, écrivains voyageurs, peintres, photographes, anthropologues, ont produit, accumulé, transmis, nombre de références dont les journalistes s'inspirent aujourd'hui encore pour traiter l'information se rapportant à la révolution iranienne et aux affaires du foulard. Avec la production de cette imagerie orientale, l'imaginaire occidental nous révèle un Orient fondamentalement binaire. Il réussit à dissocier pour mieux les opposer sa dimension fantasmatique exacerbée dans le mythe des Mille et Une Nuits et la menace du fanatisme islamiste. L'image de la femme orientale est à cet égard éloquente : le degré de dévoilement ou d'envoilement fait basculer les représentations tantôt dans l'expression du fantasme avec ses visions érotiques de l'Orient réservées aux publicités des industries de luxe, ou bien dans celui du fanatisme avec la publication de photographies de femmes voilées, témoignages de l'inexorable avancée d'un Islam intolérant et conquérant dont nous repérons la diffusion dans les espaces des journaux dédiés aux informations Journalists treatment of the Iranian revolution brought about by Khomeiny in 1979 and the " Creil Islamic shawl affair " in 1989 are symptomatic of stereotypes concerning the Orient in the media and in particular in the French press. Photographs and articles published during this period (1979-1995) with reference to these two events and in accordance with historical events, confine the portrayal of the Orient to two emblematic illustrations : fantasy of exoticism and the spectre of fanaticism. A collective unconscious and a professional culture of journalists based on the myth of the event as an objective reality result in this process of construction and representation. Contemporary portrayals of the Orient which take root in various origins, from the Crusades, another myth founded in the division EAST-West, to the instrumentation of Islam, continue to shape the images of the Orient. Since the Crusade myth which is omni-present in the media, writers, travellers, painters, photographers, anthropologists have produced, accumulated and transmitted a number of references which have inspired journalists even today to deal with information concerning the Iranian revolution and the Islamic shawl affair. With the production of this oriental imagery, the Western make-believe reveals a fundamentally binary Orient. It manages to disassociate its exaggerated dimension in One Thousand and One Nights and the menace of the fanatical Islamist in order to pit them against each other. In this regard, the image of the oriental woman is meaningful : the degree of unveiling or veiling overbalances the portrayal sometimes in the expression of fantasy with its erotic visions of the Orient limited to the luxury industry's advertisements or sometimes in the fantasy of the publication of photographs of veiled women, evidence of the inevitable advance of an intolerant and conquering Islam which we discover in the daily newspapers

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D'Bichi, Akila. "Terrorisme, terreur et politique en Algérie : Penser la terreur aujourd'hui." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080056.

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Les violences souvent meurtrières qui ont jalonné l’histoire de l’Algérie contemporaine ont ouvert des plaies béantes qui questionnent profondément les rapports entre société, Etat et organisations contestataires du pouvoir. En ce sens, l’Algérie constitue un laboratoire multidimensionnel où s’appréhendent les relations complexes entre Etat et Nation, exercice du pouvoir et effets de cet exercice sur les populations, idéologies et valeurs, de même que déterminisme dogmatique et autodétermination des peuples. Dans cet entrelacs d’antagonismes exprimés à grande échelle, chaque Nation devient un contexte particulier de potentialisation d’un terrorisme qui s’enracine dans les équilibres et tensions géopolitiques. A un autre niveau, intra-sociétal quant à lui, chaque pays, à l’exemple de l’Algérie, cristallise par ailleurs une histoire et une culture qui lui est propre et dans laquelle se sont forgés autant d’idéaux et de discours politiques dont les effets se sont révélés tour à tour structurants et sources de terreur. Par édulcoration, s’impose l’importance d’explorer la notion de terrorisme d’Etat et d’envisager son recours à la violence, à la force et à l’idéologie comme autant de facettes d’un même spectre d’expression du pouvoir d’Etat. A l’échelle de l’événement enfin, le fait consacré par un sens souverain contribue à un processus de réification dont l’aboutissement peut témoigner d’un terrorisme en marche dont on ne perçoit pas toujours l’existence. La fragmentation des espaces, de même que la territorialisation des vécus individuels dans l’espace social et national, témoignent d’un terrorisme disséminé, invisible parfois, encore que souterrain, aux émergences aussi multiples que l’autorise la multiplicité des acteurs participant à l’édification de l’histoire du pays – tels que les MIA, FIS, GIA algériens. Les traces et stigmates qu’ils laissent sur les populations locales procèdent de rapports de force au sens d’une microphysique du pouvoir telle qu’élaborée par Foucault. De cette grille de lecture, et à l’exemple de l’Algérie, nous entendons explorer dans cette thèse les mécanismes par lesquels la terreur substantialise une société et par lesquels le terrorisme procède de son institutionnalisation à un degré plus élevé de récupération. Fin de toute analyse, cette thèse questionne la place de la violence dans le processus de réification des représentations sociales et culturelles de même que ses possibilités de sublimation The often deadly violence that have marked out the history of contemporary Algeria opened open wounds that question deeply the relationship between society. In this sense, Algeria constitutes a multidimensional laboratory where are apprehended the complex relationships between State and Nation, exercising power and effects of this exercise on the populations, ideologies and values, as well as dogmatic determinism and self-determination of peoples. In this interlacing of antagonism expressed on a large scale, each Nation becomes a particular context of potential terrorism rooted in geopolitical balance and tension. Concerning the intra societal mechanism, each country, following the example of Algeria, crystallizes a history and a culture on its own in which many forged ideals and political discourses whose effects appeared in turn structuring and sources of terror. By sweetening, is essential the importance to explore the concept of terrorism of State and to consider its recourse to violence, force and ideology as so many facets of the same expression spectrum State power. At the scale of the finally event, the fact devoted by a sovereign direction contributes to a process of reification whose result can testify to a terrorism moving which we do not always perceive. The fragmentation of spaces, just as the regionalization of individual experiences in the social and national space, show a disseminated terrorism, sometimes invisible, although underground, with emergences as multiple as authorizes the multiplicity of actors involved in the construction of the country's history such as MIA, MADE, Algerian GIA. The traces and scars which they leave on the local populations proceed of power struggles within the meaning of a microphysics of power as worked out by Foucault. Of this grid of reading, and the Algeria following example, we intend to explore in this thesis the mechanisms by which terror substantializes a society and by which terrorism precedes of its institutionalization to a higher degree of recovery. End of any analysis, this thesis questions the place of violence in the process of reification of the social and cultural representations just as its sublimation opportunities

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Al-Bazaz, Fares. "La tolérance religieuse chez les hommes de lettres au XVIIIe siècle : différence, interférence, archaïsme." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2007/document.

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Au cours du dix-huitième siècle, la question de la tolérance religieuse est posée avec force par de nombreux hommes de lettres, notamment, à la suite des écrits philosophiques de Spinoza, de Bayle et de Locke. Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau et Diderot, à partir de problématiques qui étaient propres à chacun d’entre eux, ont développé leur réflexion sur une notion qui est à l’origine du principe de la liberté de conscience. Les fictions, notamment romanesques ont permis à ces auteurs, d’amplifier la diffusion de la notion de tolérance. Même si l’anti-fanatisme a été l’objet d’un consensus entre les écrivains philosophes des Lumières, il faut admettre que leur conception de la tolérance impliquait bien des divergences. Dans son "Dictionnaire philosophique", Voltaire apparaît comme le champion le plus intrépide ; mais qu’en est-il vraiment dans le "Traité sur la tolérance" ? L’indifférence de Diderot à toute religion était-elle favorable à la proclamation de la tolérance ? Dans leurs confrontations avec leurs adversaires, surtout avec Voltaire et Rousseau, les écrivains philosophes des Lumières n’ont pas toujours fait preuve de la même exigence. Il importe de préciser, à partir des textes, ces prises de positions.Toutefois il ne faut pas projeter sur les périodes antérieures des idéaux actuels. Il y a là un risque d’anachronisme. Les hommes de lettres des Lumières étaient en effet confrontés à des situations historiques, à des contextes culturels et idéologiques très différents des nôtres During the 18th Century, following Spinoza, Bayle and Locke’s writing, the question of a religious tolerance is in the centre of the debates. Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau and Diderot, according to their visions of the problem, developed a theory around a notion which would give birth later to the freedom of conscience principle. Fictions, and especially the novels, allowed these authors to increase the spreading of a tolerance notion. Even if anti-Fanaticism has been an object of consensus between enlightenment Philosophers, it is necessary to admit that their conception of tolerance implied many differences of opinion. In his "Dictionnaire Philosophique", Voltaire appeared as the most dauntless champion; but what about the "Traité sur la tolerance"? Was Diderot’s indifference to all religion favorable to the proclamation of a tolerance? In their confrontations, especially against Voltaire and Rousseau, Enlightenment writers did not all the time observe the same demand. It is important to define, according to our corpus, these takings of position.Nevertheless, it should not be appropriate to cast on pervious periods modern ideals. This would lead to the danger of anachronism. Enlightenment writer were indeed, confronted to historical situations as well as cultural and ideological backgrounds completely different from ours

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Abrougui, Sarra. "Les religions de l'Antiquité classique dans l'œuvre de Voltaire : réception et instrumentalisation." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC043.

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Ce projet de thèse de doctorat, portant sur Les religions de l’Antiquité classique dans l’œuvre de Voltaire : réception et instrumentalisation, vise à mettre en perspective la démarche critique dont procède Voltaire pour dénoncer les abus de la religion. Bien qu’elles soient dépréciées au XVIIIe siècle, et loin d’être données comme modèle à imiter, les religions de l’Antiquité sont utilisées par le philosophe des Lumières en tant que témoignages dans un cadre philosophique contemporain. C’est dire qu’elles sont délibérément instrumentalisées dans la mesure où elles lui servent de contre-exemples référentiels dans son combat idéologique contre l’extrémisme outrancier des grandes religions monothéistes : judaïsme, christianisme et islam. Investies au profit d’une fin polémique, elles constituent pour Voltaire le principal argument dans sa lutte philosophique contre les idées fallacieuses des religions modernes et les dérives qui peuvent en découler. Aussi conviendra-t-il de replacer ses références aux religions grecque et romaine dans le contexte culturel du XVIIIe siècle sur la base de la polémique philosophique des Lumières et du triomphe de l’esprit nouveau sur les crédulités anciennes. Quoiqu’il procède par une étude comparative et critique des religions de l’Antiquité classique, Voltaire cherche à relativiser les prétentions universalistes du christianisme contemporain This doctoral research proposal investigates The Reception and Instrumentalisation of Classical Religions in Voltaire’s Philosophy. Its aim is to contextualise the critical approach used by Voltaire to attack the negative effects of religion. Other 18th Century writers did not see the merit of ancient religions, nor see them as a worthy ideal, but Voltaire discussed them in order to probe the philosophical questions of his time. He did so deliberately, using them as points of reference and counter examples in his ideological fight against the brazen extremism of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Indeed, the ancient religions are Voltaire’s main argument in his polemical struggle against the false notions and corrupting effects of the monotheistic religions. Should Voltaire’s references to the Greek and Roman religions be situated in the cultural context of the 18th Century? Given the Enlightenment’s polemic philosophy and the triumph of the new spirit of rationality over ancient superstition, this may prove fruitful. Although his approach is to compare and critique the religions of Classical Antiquity, Voltaire seeks to put the universal pretensions of contemporary Christianity into perspective

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Galarce, S. Sebastián. "Donaciones deportivas : efecto del fanatismo, altruismo/egoísmo e ideología política"." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/145844.

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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN MARKETING El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar el efecto y la interacción de las variables del involucramiento a una causa deportiva, medida a través del fanatismo, la motivación que influye a la persona a participar en la donación, si es altruista o egoísta y, por último, los valores y forma de ver la sociedad, visto con la ideología política de la persona. Se realizaron dos estudios, midiendo la intención a donar a la organización deportiva Team Chile, midiendo el fanatismo al deporte chileno, el grado de altruismo y de ideología política conservadora. Además, se midieron variables de actitud, familiaridad, fluidez y conocimiento a la organización. Además, de la presencia o ausencia de afiche publicitario entre el primer y el segundo estudio respectivamente. Los resultados revelaron que, a mayor fanatismo, no existe una interacción entre las variables de altruismo e ideología, a diferencia de las personas poco fanáticas, donde si existe una interacción de estas variables. Además, se encontró que independiente de la motivación altruista/egoísta e independiente de la ideología, personas más fanáticas tienen mayor intención de donar que aquellas poco fanáticas. Por último, no se encontró que la publicidad genera un efecto significativo, por lo que se levantan posibles hipótesis para futuras investigaciones.

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Péchiné, Serge. "Intolérance et reconnaissance religieuse à Salvador de Bahia : le face-à-face des Eglises néopentecôtistes et des religions de matrice africaine en ce début de XXIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0127.

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Dans le Brésil actuel, la baisse significative de la prédominance catholique au profit notamment des Églises pentecôtistes dessine un nouveau paysage religieux. La pluralité religieuse est désormais de mise et la quête de reconnaissance couplée au prosélytisme agressif de certains ne va pas sans entraîner des conflits. À Salvador de Bahia, une intolérance religieuse s'installe et s'inscrit dans l'imaginaire symbolique de certaines Églises néopentecôtistes qui suivent une "Théologie de la guerre spirituelle". En tête de file, l'Église Universelle du Royaume de Dieu qui formule des accusations de sorcellerie à l'égard du Candomblé, posant ainsi les repères d'une "croisade contre le diable" relayée par d'importants moyens de communication. C'est la centralité de l'exorcisme, du combat contre les forces du mal qui constitue l'élément majeur de cette Église. Face à cette intolérance qui s'exprime jusque dans les actes, les religions de matrice africaine résistent, s'organisent et tentent de faire reculer la virulence des attaques. Cette controverse, écho de la « pentecôtisation » d'une part importante de la société -que l'on pourrait dans la précipitation associer à une guerre de religions -est porteuse d'enjeux complexes que cette thèse vise à analyser Currently, the growing situation of pluralism and religious diversity in Brazil sets up a scenario of decrease of the Catholicism and increasing of the Pentecostal churches, it is drawing a new religious reality. The religious plurality is thus marked and the search for recognition as well as the aggressive proselytizing of some give birth to conflicts. The religious intolerance has been settled down in Salvador Bahia. This intolerance has been drawn in the symbolic imagery of neo-Pentecostal religious movements that follow the "Theology of Spiritual Warfare. " As leader of the movement, the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God accuses Candomblé of practicing witchcraft, thus spreading its primary mission "of crusade against the devil" -this is broadcasted by that church's media. The elements of this "crusade" are based on the centrality of exorcism and the fighting against the evil forces. Before the acts of intolerance, the religions of African Matrix organize themselves and try to push back the virulence of the attacks. This controversy is the result of "Pentecostalization" of an important part of society is the carrier of complex issues that this thesis intends to analyze

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Delphin, Andreas. "Holy Warriors of the Caliphate : Stroke of illogical fanatism or religious nationalism?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53014.

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The Islamic State continuously, and successfully, recruits new members from all over the world. Although portrayed by the media as poverty-stricken, ranging in lonely individuals lacking education, these members are individuals who often lead normal lives with good economic and social standing as well as a high level of education. This thesis take us on a new recruits journey from conscription to warfare. Trying to discern the core reasons behind why someone joins, conforms and fights for a modern day Caliphate produce the concept of a typical Islamic State recruit. Among the findings is the revelation that the recruits, self-perceived socio-economic status, is a major factor when combined with the possibility of great social rewards and a sense of importance and belonging. An individual who has been recruited, then, chose to stay in the organisation based on loyalty, dependence and conformity. Finally; the thesis uncover the reasons why the incumbents take up arms to defend the prescribed ideological beliefs. Beliefs that rests on a solid religious foundation. The member feels his or her ideology to be under attack — and anew — will take up arms to defend that what is believed to be true. Based on the study we can conclude that the final stage of the individual members journey is based on a kind of nationalistic view of the Caliphate and the importance of Islamic supremacy.

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Vilas, Bôas João Paulo Simões. "Niilismo, fanatismo e terror : uma leitura do fundamentalismo a partir de Friedrich Nietzsche." Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/484.

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A violência sectária e os discursos fanáticos de intolerância e de ódio propalados por fundamentalistas de variadas religiões representam graves dilemas para as modernas democracias em todo o mundo. Ao insistirem na defesa obstinada de suas verdades contra princípios e instituições seculares, os fundamentalismos não poupam esforços para impingirem suas práticas e valores particulares ao resto do mundo. Além disso, a recusa de tais grupos em se abrirem para o diálogo e para a negociação pacífica com os nãofundamentalistas deixa poucas opções para o enfrentamento deste problema, sendo que o emprego da violência vem historicamente se mostrando como uma alternativa catastrófica, pois, ao contrário de eliminar ou atenuar a fúria destruidora dos fundamentalistas, a agressividade acaba alimentando a disposição para o martírio entre esses fanáticos, o que intensifica ainda mais o problema. Entretanto, na medida em que reconhecem que o fim da modernidade trouxe o abandono dos valores e das verdades religiosas tradicionais de outrora, os discursos fundamentalistas parecem dialogar diretamente com as reflexões filosóficas de Friedrich Nietzsche, em particular no que tange ao diagnóstico formulado pelo filósofo acerca de um fenômeno global de desvalorização dos cânones tradicionais de verdade e de valor ambos os quais foram herdados do pensamento socrático-platônico-cristão. Agrupadas em torno do termo niilismo, tais reflexões se constituem num tópico de importância basilar na obra deste filósofo alemão, fazendo-se presentes em seus escritos desde cerca de 1880 até seus últimos trabalhos. Para além de simplesmente constatar a existência de um fenômeno que já se fazia visível desde meados da segunda metade do século XIX, Nietzsche também reflete sobre as consequências fisiopsicológicas da derrocada deste conjunto de princípios éticos, políticos, metafísicos e epistemológicos que até então representava a principal fonte de apoio, de certeza e de segurança para a civilização ocidental. A insegurança, o temor e a desorientação ante o niilismo seriam, no entender do filósofo, o resultado de uma profunda perturbação psíquica e pulsional perante o esfacelamento dos alicerces que antes garantiam a verdade e a segurança para o mundo, a qual, por sua vez, decorreria diretamente do fato de que a maior parte da humanidade veio sendo deliberadamente educada para vincular o sentido da existência a algo situado fora da própria vida. À luz de tais reflexões, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver uma hipótese interpretativa que parte da perspectiva inaugurada pelas reflexões de Friedrich Nietzsche sobre o niilismo com vistas a esclarecer como e se seria possível compreender a emergência de diferentes modalidades de fundamentalismos religiosos ao longo do século XX como formas de reação contra o aprofundamento da crise de valores pela qual passa o Ocidente. Sectarian violence and the fanatical discourses of intolerance and hatred propagated by fundamentalists of various religions represent serious dilemmas for modern democracies around the world. By insisting on the obstinate defense of their truths against secular principles and institutions, fundamentalisms spare no efforts in order to impose their particular practices and values to the rest of the world. Moreover, the refusal of such groups to open themselves to dialogue and peaceful negotiation with non-fundamentalists leaves few options for addressing this problem, and the use of violence has historically proved to be a catastrophic alternative because, instead of eliminating or mitigating the destructive fury of fundamentalists, aggression ends up strengthening the willingness for martyrdom among these fanatics, which further intensifies the problem. However, insofar as they recognize that the end of modernity brought the abandonment of the traditional values and religious truths of old, fundamentalist discourses seem to talk directly with the philosophical reflections of Friedrich Nietzsche, particularly in relation to the diagnosis formulated by the philosopher about a global phenomenon of devaluation of the traditional canons of truth and value, both of which were inherited from the Socratic-platonic-Christian thought. Gathered around the term nihilism, such reflections are a topic of fundamental importance in the work of this German philosopher, being present in his writings from about 1880 to his last works. In addition to simply establish the existence of a phenomenon that was already visible since the middle of the second half of the nineteenth century, Nietzsche also reflects upon the physiopsychological consequences of the collapse of this set of ethical, political, metaphysical and epistemological principles that hitherto represented the main source of support, of certainty and security to the Western civilization. Insecurity, fear and disorientation towards nihilism would be, according to the philosopher, the result of a deep psychic and instinctual disturbance towards the disintegration of the foundations that once guaranteed the truth and security for the world, which in turn, would result directly from the fact that most of humanity has come to be deliberately educated to link the meaning of existence to something outside of life itself. In light of these considerations, this research aims to develop an interpretive hypothesis that starts from the perspective opened up by the reflections of Friedrich Nietzsche about nihilism in order to clarify how and if it would be possible to understand the emergence of different modalities of religious fundamentalisms throughout the twentieth century as forms of reaction against the deepening of the crisis of values through which passes the West.

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Oswald, Rudolf. ""Fussball-Volksgemeinschaft" Ideologie, Politik und Fanatismus im deutschen Fussball 1919 - 1964." Frankfurt, M. New York, NY Campus-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988787881/04.

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Oswald, Rudolf. ""Fussball-Volksgemeinschaft" : Ideologie, Politik und Fanatismus im deutschen Fussball 1919-1964 /." Frankfurt a.M : Campus, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3111896&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Jayme, Juliana Gonzaga. ""Clones, barbaros, replicantes - argonautas esteticos : imitação e simulacro nas relações sociais contemporaneas"." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279287.

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Orientador: Suely Kofes Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T09:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jayme_JulianaGonzaga_M.pdf: 7011550 bytes, checksum: 4941ee9057ba128af7ffcc41071da820 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 Resumo: Não informado. Abstract: Not informed. Mestrado Mestre em Antropologia Social

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Marteau, Kim. "L'inconscient messianique de la croyance politique et religieuse : approche psychanalytique de la croyance et du désir en politique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7128.

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A l'heure où s'accuse une monumentale errance du côté de la croyance, ce travail propose de remettre à jour une composante centrale mais aujourd'hui méprisée de nos sociétés monothéistes : le messianisme. Refusant de réduire le messianisme à un délire eschatologique, nous tentons de démontrer en quoi il est précisément le point d'articulation du religieux et du politique ; du sujet et du collectif ; mais aussi du désir et de la croyance. Car le messianisme nous montre comment la croyance, soutenue par un besoin de croire, est « increvable ». Certes, ses objets périssent, mais le besoin de croire, lui, ne meurt jamais. Notre dessein est donc d'étudier l'insu de la croyance qu'importe l'habit discursif et imaginaire de celle-ci. Cet insu, nous lui donnons les traits de l'éternel absent, mais inoubliable Messie. Indétectable sur la scène de la conscience, mais hyperactif dans l'inconscient, le Messie est celui qui donne la voie, qui guide et oriente les collectifs et le sujet. Il démontre en quoi croyances politiques et religieuses répondent de la même logique, la logique désirante. Cette recherche débute par l'étude de l'évolution historique du messianisme au sein de l'histoire juive. Pourquoi en appeler au judaïsme ? Car le messianisme juif renferme une importance politique et éthique centrale outrepassant le fait religieux et la croyance religieuse même. Dans la tradition juive, l'avènement messianique est un événement avant tout politique. Le Messie est celui qui libère les peuples de ses oppresseurs afin de restaurer la Justice et la Loi. Il n'est plus question d'eschatologie mais de véritable révolution (voire même de restauration) politique. La psychanalyse permet ici d'aborder l'au-delà de la version apocalyptique du messianisme. Elle réaffirme que la fonction première du messianisme est de soutenir le désir. Eternel absent de l'histoire mais héros de nos fantasmes, le Messie est cet objet inatteignable poussant au désir et à la création. Donnant vie à la promesse et érotisant l'attente, il est celui qui vient potentialiser l'acte politique au présent. Seulement, face aux rêveurs pragmatiques, se dressent des sujets pressés qui n'ont plus aucun temps à perdre. Soutien du désir, le Messie est alors celui qui le sacrifie lorsqu'il se révèle enfin. Cette tentation folle qui l'accompagne est la raison pour laquelle sa demeure ne peut être que celle de l'instant. L'enjeu de ce travail est donc de comprendre comment s'articulent le désir messianique, soutien de l'agir politique, et le délire messianique, situé derrière les instants fous de l'histoire. Pour répondre à cette question, cette recherche explore les applications historiques concrètes du messianisme. Elle propose conséquemment de faire de l'instant révolutionnaire l'expression paradigmatique de l'instant messianique, tant dans sa face glorieuse que son envers terrible. Cela nous amène à soutenir que le messianisme est « une force mobilisante » agissant au cœur de l'histoire et du sujet. Si la primauté est ici accordée au messianisme juif, le fantasme messianique est certainement le fantasme le mieux partagé de l'humanité. Et nul besoin de monothéisme. Pourquoi ? Peut-être parce que derrière le désir messianique, nous avons à entendre le désir de Faire Un. Faire Un qui amène inévitablement à nous interroger sur la place de la haine dans cette affaire. La haine vise ce qui échappe à la possibilité de la fusion et du rapport. Elle vise cet Autre forçant la reconnaissance de l'altérité. Plus qu'une simple haine de la castration et du Père, il s'agit de la haine de cette altérité radicale qui ne se soumet à aucune loi. Pourtant, ce travail dévoile que derrière tout cela, la révélation messianique, la véritable révélation, signe le moment précis de la rencontre avec l'autre. Car le Messie, être supplémentaire par excellence, est le rappel de l'altérité et non la fin At a time when there is a monumental wandering on the side of belief, this work proposes to update a central but despised component of our monotheistic societies: messianism. Refusing to reduce messianism to an eschatological delirium, we try to demonstrate how it is precisely the point of articulation of the religious and the political; the subject and the collective; but also desire and belief. Indeed, messianism shows us how belief, sustained by a need to believe, is unbreakable. Certainly, his objects perish, but the need to believe never dies. Our purpose is therefore to study the blindness of belief regardless of the discursive and imaginary habit of it. This blindness, we give him the traits of the eternal absent but unforgettable Messiah. Undetectable on the scene of consciousness but hyperactive in the unconscious, the Messiah is the one who gives the way, who guides and directs the collectives and the subject. It demonstrates how political and religious beliefs respond to the same logic, the desiring logic. This research begins with the study of the historical evolution of messianism within Jewish history. Why appeal to Judaism? Since Jewish messianism contains a central political and ethical importance that goes beyond the religious fact and religious belief itself. It is no longer a question of eschatology but of a real political revolution (or even restoration). In the Jewish tradition, the messianic advent is above all a political event. The messiah is the one who frees people from his oppressors in order to restore Justice and the Law. Psychoanalysis here makes it possible to approach the beyond of the apocalyptic version of messianism. It reaffirms that the primary function of messianism is to sustain desire. Eternal absent from history but hero of our fantasies, the messiah is this unattainable object pushing desire and creation. Giving life to the promise and eroticizing the expectation, he is the one who comes to potentiate the political act in the present. But, in the face of pragmatic dreamers, there are hurried subjects who no longer have any time to lose. Sustaining desire, the Messiah is then the one who sacrifices it when he finally reveals himself. This crazy temptation that accompanies him is the reason why his home can only be that of the moment. The challenge of this work is therefore to understand how messianic desire, support for political action, and messianic delirium, located behind the crazy moments of history, are articulated. To answer this question, this research explores the concrete historical applications of messianism. It therefore proposes to make the revolutionary moment the paradigmatic expression of the messianic moment, both in its glorious face and its terrible reverse. This leads us to conclude that messianism is "a mobilizing force" acting at the heart of history and the subject. If primacy is given here to Jewish messianism, the messianic fantasy is certainly the best shared fantasy of humanity. And there is no need of monotheism. What for? Because behind the messianic desire there is the desire to Make One. This Make One that touches very closely on the notion of hatred of being. Hatred is aimed at what escapes the possibility of fusion. It targets this Other forcing the recognition of otherness. More than a simple hatred of castration and the Father, it is about the hatred of the Other of the Other, this radical otherness that does not submit to any law. Yet, this work reveals that behind all this, the messianic revelation, the true revelation, signs the precise moment of the encounter with the other. Since the Messiah, the being additional per excellence, is the reminder of the otherness and not the end

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Guimarães, Filho Geraldo Prado. "Influência do fanatismo na intenção de compra de produtos hedônicos: uma análise do comportamento de consumo do torcedor paulista." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2016. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1500.

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Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-08-16T14:18:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Geraldo Prado Guimaraes Filho.pdf: 1145726 bytes, checksum: 835f682d5eac2c85a69606cc8ccc41b5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T14:18:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geraldo Prado Guimaraes Filho.pdf: 1145726 bytes, checksum: 835f682d5eac2c85a69606cc8ccc41b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 This study aimed to evaluate what is the influence of the fanaticism in the purchase intention of hedonic products related to soccer. For that sought to understand the influence exercised by psychological connections identification and involvement and its relations with fanaticism. The method employed was exploratory and confirmatory quantitative analysis through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The survey was conducted in the city of São Paulo through a structured questionnaire. The main findings were that fanaticism is a mediator between the identification and purchase intention of hedonic products which has the effect of enhancing the relationship between them in a very relevant way. It was also shown that engagement positively affects the identification and the identification positively affects fanaticism. Another proven mediator relation was that the identification mediates the relationship between engagement and fanaticism. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência exercida pelo fanatismo na intenção de compra de produtos hedônicos relacionados ao futebol. Para tanto buscou-se compreender a influência exercida pelas conexões psicológicas de identificação e envolvimento e suas relações com o fanatismo. O método empregado é quantitativo exploratório e confirmatório, desenvolvido a partir de análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória e modelagem de equações estruturais. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de São Paulo e os dados foram colhidos por meio de questionário estruturado. Os principais resultados apontam que o fanatismo é mediador entre a identificação e a intenção de compra dos produtos hedônicos e o efeito é o de potencializar a relação entre eles de forma bastante relevante. Mostram, também, que o envolvimento afeta a identificação positivamente e que a identificação afeta positivamente o fanatismo. Outra relação mediadora comprovada é que a identificação media a relação entre envolvimento e fanatismo.

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Braga, Gabriel Ferreira. "Entre o fanatismo e a utopia: trajetória de antônio conselheiro e do beato zé lourenço na literatura de cordel." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8FMH5A.

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The following paper aims to recover the political dimension of the brazilian literature on string, also called literatura de cordel, trough the analysis of the poems published about two characters and their communities: Antonio Conselheiro and the beato José Lourenço. We privileged a theoretic approach that allowed us to capture the meaning of the appropriations made by the poets from different historical periods about the memory of both characters. So, we looked forward to build an analysis about the political ideas and concepts used in the poems, understanding the poem of cordel as a way of political action triggered by the performance. O presente trabalho busca recuperar a dimensão política da literatura de cordel brasileira, através da análise de folhetos publicados sobre dois personagens e suas comunidades: Antonio Conselheiro e o beato José Lourenço. Privilegiou-se um olhar teórico que permitisse o entendimento das apropriações feitas pelos poetas de períodos distintos acerca da memória dos dois personagens. Assim, buscou-se analisar as idéias, conceitos e ideais políticos utilizados nos folhetos, compreendendo o poema como uma forma de ação política desencadeada pela performance.

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Conceição, Jorge Vanderlei Costa da. "A ideia da existência de Deus como ser moral : as regras lógicas do juízo da fé / Jorge Vanderlei Costa da Conceição orientador, Daniel Omar Perez." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_PR, 2011. http://www.biblioteca.pucpr.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1941.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, 2011 Bibliografia: p.122-124 O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar os diferentes processos de significação para a ideia da existência de Deus na obra kantiana. A atribuição de significado para a ideia da existência de Deus é dada pela resposta para a seguinte questão: o que De The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the different processes of meaning to the idea of the existence of God in Kantian?s work. The attribution of meaning to the idea of God's existence is given by the answer to the question: what God means to us as bei

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Oliveira, Daniela Barbosa de. "Entre o cão e o cordeiro: a guerra do fim do mundo carnavaliza os fanatismos de canudos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1726.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-29T14:21:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 833589 bytes, checksum: 4c7e36561ecf152e2d42b5b2dc065451 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-05T14:59:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danielabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 833589 bytes, checksum: 4c7e36561ecf152e2d42b5b2dc065451 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T14:59:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danielabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 833589 bytes, checksum: 4c7e36561ecf152e2d42b5b2dc065451 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-11 FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais Esta dissertação tem por objetivo uma análise direcionada da obra A Guerra do Fim do Mundo (1981) de autoria do aclamado escritor peruano Mario Vargas Llosa. Pretendo demonstrar que o autor se utilizou do humor, da paródia e do sarcasmo em consonância com as mais primitivas interpretações a respeito da Guerra de Canudos (1896- 97), um dos conflitos mais marcantes da história do Brasil e tema central de sua obra, bem como se apropriou e ressignificou alguns dos elementos da carnavalização literária, teoria proposta e desenvolvida pelo igualmente célebre crítico russo Mikhail Bakhtin. Tal teoria alcançou os meios intelectuais e acadêmicos americanos com maior força justamente no período em que a obra vargallosiana estava sendo elaborada. O trabalho é composto por uma introdução sumária, na qual se demonstra de que maneira o tema foi pensado e delineado, três capítulos, nos quais a argumentação é gradativamente construída, e uma conclusão. This dissertation aims at an analysis of the book The War of the End of the World (1981) authored the acclaimed Peruvian writer Mario Vargas Llosa. I intend to show that the author used humor and parody in line with the earliest interpretations of the War of Canudos (1896- 97), one of the most outstanding conflicts in the history of Brazil and central theme of his work, as well as new meaning and appropriated some elements of carnivalization literary, theory developed by the equally famous critic Russian Mikhail Bakhtin and reached the American academic and intellectual circles with greater strength precisely while the Vargas Llosa’s work was being prepared. The work consists of a summary introduction, three chapters, in which the argument is gradually built, and a conclusion.

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Machado, Rodrigo Adriano. "A noção de queda no tempo na filosofia de Cioran." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20597.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-11-14T11:12:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Adriano Machado.pdf: 799679 bytes, checksum: 8cd73033349c183a961e32a33fed892e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-14T11:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Adriano Machado.pdf: 799679 bytes, checksum: 8cd73033349c183a961e32a33fed892e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-11 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES To work with the thought of who self-entitled as “a foreign to himself, to God and to the police”, the Romanian who was settled in France, Emil Cioran (1911 – 1995) is such as complex challenge – sometimes an exhausting, obscure one –, as dangerous. We have to remember that this writer confessed not to have ideas but obsessions, which give us the clue to a tension and hurt written by the despair. His dangerous thought is not dealing with ideas with a neutral sense in the abstraction, but with a livingness experience: Cioran’s written seems to us a burning confession, which falls apart. Those written on fire have the own darkness as a fuel. However, what darkness? Issues such as despair, loneliness, suicide, pain, failure, insomnia, exile, cause in us this kind of written of which we concern. Written that not only sew its form to its substance but also rub in the exercise of its practicing. It is by the writing that Cioran launch us to the heart of the darkness that he peered. Not asserting himself as philosopher – in the most convenient sense of the philosophy history – and, by the way, wanting a lonely walk in the margins, the risk of relating Cioran in a straight dialogue with the tradition would be the ‘ghost’ that walk around any serious approach. However, it would be exactly this tenuous line, namely, between the philosophy and the margin of the philosophy that matters in our work. We mistrust, here, that this problematic relationship the author presents with all the noise of a fracture and this would be one of his precious singularities in his intellectual production. Cioran, in the most part of his written, oblige us to an active-interpretative reading and this means not to proceed at any teaching which lead the reader gradually to his own thought, but advancing step by step from a conclusion to another one, letting us the hard task of creating, inventing, guessing the way of which his feather trailed. The notion of ‘a fall in the time’ as the centre of his thought allow us to get closer of his own philosophic intentions through a somatospychological written, where he shows his notion of history and a violent attack to the substitute of the fanaticism, the philosophic issue which is the urgent current confrontation Trabalhar como pensamento daquele que se auto intitulou “um estrangeiro para si mesmo, para Deus e para a polícia”, o romeno radicado na França, Emil Cioran (1911 – 1995), é um desafio tão complexo, por vezes exaustivo, obscuro, quanto perigoso. Lembremos que este escritor confessou não possuir ideias e sim obsessões, o que nos coloca na pista de uma escrita tensionada e ferida pelo desespero. Pensamento perigoso porque não tratando de ideias no sentido de uma neutralidade na abstração, mas uma vivência, a escrita de Cioran nos parece uma confissão em chamas e aos pedaços; chamas estas cujo combustível é a própria escuridão. Mas que escuridão? Temas como desespero, solidão, suicídio, dor, fracasso, insônia, exílio; nos provocam a experiência desta escrita qual nos referimos, escrita que não apenas costura sua forma ao seu conteúdo, mas fricciona no exercício de sua feitura. É pela escrita que Cioran nos atira no centro desta escuridão que perscrutou. Não afirmando-se enquanto filósofo – no sentido mais conveniente da história da filosofia – e, aliás, preferindo um passeio solitário nas margens, o risco de relacionar Cioran em um diálogo direto com a tradição seria o “fantasma” que ronda qualquer abordagem que se queira séria. Todavia, seria justamente esta linha tênue, isto é, entre filosofia e margem da filosofia, o que importa em nosso trabalho. Desconfiamos aqui que esta problemática relação o autor nos apresenta com todos os ruídos de uma fratura e esta seria uma de suas preciosidades singulares em sua produção intelectual. Cioran, na maior parte de seus escritos, obriga-nos a uma leitura ativa-interpretativa-, isto quer dizer o seguinte: não procedendo em nenhuma didática do tipo que conduz o leitor paulatinamente até seu pensamento, mas, “avançando” aos saltos, de uma conclusão a outra conclusão, deixa-nos na árdua tarefa de criar, inventar, adivinhar, o caminho o qual sua pena trilhou. A noção de queda no tempo como núcleo de seu pensamento nos permite aproximação de seus intentos filosóficos através de uma escrita somatopsíquica onde se apresenta sua noção de história e um violento ataque aos sucedâneos do fanatismo, problemática filosófica que é urgente o enfrentamento atual

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Fontany, Laurence. "Trahison et héroi͏̈sation au théâtre : étude de Mahomet de Voltaire (1741), Clavigo de Goethe (1774), Die Rau͏̈ber de Schiller (1781) et Lorenzaccio de Musset (1834)." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39007.

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La presence frequente d'une trahison dans les cursus heroiques nous amene a penser qu'elle joue un role important dans le processus d'heroisation. L'etude de quelques pieces grecques antiques, de certains episodes de la bible et d'oeuvres shakespeariennes permet d'aller aux fondements des relations entretenues par la trahison et l'heroisation et de montrer la dependance de ces relations avec la societe, ses principes, ses tabous. Les quatre pieces mahomet de voltaire (1741), clavigo de goethe (1774), die rauber de schiller (1781) et lorenzaccio de musset (1834), sont utilisees pour illustrer la dynamique dramaturgique de la trahison et de l'heroisation en s'attachant d'abord aux presentations du traitre et du heros, ensuite aux modalites d'action du traitre, enfin aux differents modes de confrontation de la trahison et de l'heroisation. Dans un dernier temps, la structuration du sens des rapports qui regissent la trahison et l'heroisation est etudiee par la mise en relation du traitre et de certaines figures archetypales, ainsi que de la trahison avec certains schemes, ce qui permet de mieux cerner l'imaginaire et l'utilite de la trahison. En outre, la relation que le traitre entretient avec le discours, illustre a la fois son importance dramaturgique et la particularite de ce personnage theatral qui se construit par la double signification de ses propos et instaure ainsi une relation particuliere avec le public. Enfin, la prise en compte a la fois des intentions de l'auteur et de la reception fait apparaitre les possibilites et les limites d'une identification au personnage du traitre ainsi que la signification de ce dernier et, plus largement de la trahison, qui remet en cause la societe et l'oblige souvent a redefinir ses valeurs et ses criteres d'heroisation.

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Zimmermann, Júnior Giovani Luiz. "A religião civil na filosofia política de Rousseau." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3128.

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Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-11-06T17:03:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovani_Zimmermann_Junior_2017.pdf: 496903 bytes, checksum: eb8f0083fafa9a7be8e8bbbf5550f1a3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T17:03:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovani_Zimmermann_Junior_2017.pdf: 496903 bytes, checksum: eb8f0083fafa9a7be8e8bbbf5550f1a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-27 Rousseau in his book The Social Contract idealizes political principles that guarantee individuals a state where people are free to live without dependence or tyranny on the part of others. Religion has an important role to play in this ideal because it produces "feelings of sociability," as well as helpi77ng to make people aware of the law. For a long time religion exercised influence and power in the politics of nations, it became fundamental to societies that possessed a species of "public spirit," which would facilitate social bonding. It aims at overcoming the constant clash between the powers: secular and religious, he reflected and instituted something "essential" that improves human relations, that maintains peace among citizens. Jean-Jacques does not aim at renouncing the principle of the secular state and freedom of conscience, but he has not yet freed himself from the idea usual in his day, there can only be morality among citizens with the indispensable existence of religion. Civil religion is not like the others of its time, because it has no temples, nor structure of power, it is "purely civil." They are simple, objective dogmas, which aim to foster the virtues of good citizenship, the realization of freedom and equality, based on the general will, as well as total dedication to the country, already consolidated through the social pact. Rousseau em sua obra O Contrato Social idealiza princípios políticos que garantam aos indivíduos um Estado onde as pessoas tenham liberdade para viver, sem dependência nem tirania por parte de outros. A religião tem um importante papel nesse ideal, pois ela produz “sentimentos de sociabilidade”, além de ajudar a conscientizar o povo no respeito às leis. A religião por muito tempo exerceu influência e poder na política das nações, ela tornou-se fundamental junto às sociedades que possuíam uma espécies de “espírito público”, que facilitaria o liame social. Ele visa com ela superar o constante embate entre os poderes: secular e religioso, ele refletiu e instituiu algo “essencial” que melhore as relações humanas, que mantenha a paz entre os cidadãos. Jean-Jacques não tem como objetivo renunciar ao princípio do Estado laico e da liberdade de consciência, porém, ainda não se liberta da ideia usual em sua época, só pode haver moralidade entre os cidadãos com a existência imprescindível da religião. A religião civil não é como as outras de sua época, pois a mesma não possui templos, nem estrutura de poder, ela é “puramente civil”. São dogmas simples, objetivos que visam fomentar as virtudes da boa cidadania, a concretização da liberdade e igualdade, fundamentada na vontade geral, além da dedicação total à pátria, já consolidada através do pacto social.

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Fleck, João Pedro dos Santos. "Consumo fanático : uma análise exploratória nos festivais de cinema fantástico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/77758.

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Esta tese é uma análise exploratória do consumo fanático e se enquadra no âmbito da Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), analisando outras temáticas pertinentes, tais como o consumo de experiências, distinções simbólicas e a formação de identidades e comunidades. Como lócus de estudo, foi escolhido o ambiente dos festivais de cinema fantástico, buscando investigar indivíduos altamente envolvidos com o objeto de consumo, através do ponto de vista dos próprios pesquisados. O objetivo principal desta tese é analisar se estes festivais exercem influência sobre a(s) identidade(s) dos espectadores e se são responsáveis pela geração de comunidades de consumo. O estudo empírico realizado consistiu na incursão em dois campos de pesquisa (Fantastic Fest, em Austin, Estados Unidos, em 2010 e Fantaspoa, em Porto Alegre, Brasil, em 2012), na realização das duas etapas de observação participante e na realização de uma série de 60 entrevistas filmadas nos dois eventos. As entrevistas foram utilizadas para gerar uma videografia e também foram transcritas para a análise dos resultados. O conteúdo transcrito das entrevistas foi codificado e dividido em itens e esta codificação gerou conceitos a partir dos dados, a fim de analisar o seu conteúdo com rigor acadêmico. O enquadramento desta tese no paradigma interpretativista visou compreender a complexidade dos fenômenos sociais de maneira integrada, a partir dos significados atribuídos pelas pessoas, partindo das relações sociais e culturais estabelecidas no campo de estudo. Constatou-se que, durante os festivais, a parcela dos espectadores mais assíduos desenvolve o que poderia ser denominado de “identidade-para-o-festival”. Tais eventos não apenas influenciam no desenvolvimento da identidade dos seus consumidores, mas também propiciam fortes vínculos emocionais com eles. Pode-se confirmar que a maioria dos espectadores pode ser considerada fã, por transformar o ato de ir ao festival em uma atividade cultural, dividindo sentimentos e pensamentos e tornando-se membro de uma comunidade de indivíduos, na qual há um forte sentimento de aceitação e valorização. Verificou-se que esta interação gera contatos que aumentam o interesse e o conhecimento dos espectadores, desenvolvendo relações que podem gerar comunidades de consumo. This dissertation is an exploratory analysis of fanatic consumption. This is set within the framework of Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), analyzing other relevant themes, such as experience consumption, symbolic distinction and the development of identities and communities. As a locus of study, the environment of genre film festival was chosen, aiming at studying individuals that have a high involvement with their consumption object, through their own point of view. The main goal of this dissertation is to analyze if these festivals exert influence on the identity(ies) of their attendees and if they are responsible for the development of communities of consumption. The empirical study consisted in the incursion in two research fields (Fantastic Fest, Austin, USA, on 2010 and Fantaspoa, Porto Alegre, Brasil, on 2012). Two participant observations were made, as well as 60 filmed interviews in the two events. The interviews were used to create a videography and they were also transcribed for the analysis of results. The transcribed content was codified and separated in items. The coding techniques were used to generate concepts based on the data, aiming at analyzing their content with academic rigor. The framing of this dissertation on the interpretativist paradigm aimed at understanding the complexity of the social phenomenon in a integrated way, being based on the meanings attributed by the festival’s attendees and their social and cultural relationships established on the field of research. It is noteworthy that the most assiduous attendees create what might be called of “identity-for-the-festival”. Such events not only cause influence on the development of the identities of its consumers, but also assist on the development of strong emotional bonds among them. It was confirmed that the majority of the attendees might be considered a fan, because they transform their festival attendance in a cultural activity, sharing thoughts and feelings and becoming a member of a community, in which there is a strong feeling of acceptance and belongingness. It was verified that this interaction, within time, generate contacts that enhance the interest and the knowledge of the attendees, developing relationships that might become communities of consumption.

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Gonçalves, Antonio Baptista. "Direitos humanos e (in) tolerância religiosa: laicismo proselitismo fundamentalismo terrorismo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5668.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Baptista Goncalves.pdf: 1008729 bytes, checksum: 3c81762d89808ba5bf435d6e8effaa44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-30 The matter involving Human Rights and religious (in) tolerance is in consonance with the current international scenario, and it counts on a number of examples: France and the crisis of the Lay State, Denmark and the Islamic intolerance, conflicts in Palestine and Israel, the use of veil in Turkey are just a few recent cases that raise the debate on religious freedom protection. To discuss the current problems would not be possible without a background of the relation that permeates the religious freedom with the emergence of human rights. Thus, matters involving religion blossom bringing with them their problematic and controversies and always drawing a parallel between religion and human rights we will present the relationship between religion with political power and the controversial church-state relationship. In a way that, the separation between Church and Estate will provide the study of our first issue: secularism and laic procedure. Religion has always used artifices to gather new believers and, therefore, we will deepen the study of the religious proselytism and the defense of multiculturalism and of minorities. Finally, we approach the delicate issue of fundamentalism and how religion has contributed negatively to originate terrorism. Moreover, we will also deal with countermeasures adopted by the Human Rights and which is the current relationship between religion and human rights A questão que envolve os Diretos Humanos e a (in)tolerância religiosa está em plena consonância com o cenário internacional corrente, e exemplos não faltam: A França e a crise do Estado Laico, a Dinamarca e a intolerância islâmica, os conflitos na Palestina e em Israel, o uso do véu na Turquia são apenas alguns casos recentes que suscitam o debate acerca da proteção à liberdade religiosa. Discorrer sobre os problemas atuais não seria possível sem um recorte histórico da relação que permeia a liberdade religiosa com o próprio surgimento dos direitos humanos. Com isso, as questões que envolvem a religião florescem e com elas suas problemáticas e controvérsias e sempre traçando um paralelo entre religião e direitos humanos apresentaremos a relação da religião com o poder político e a controversa relação Estado-Igreja. De tal sorte que uma separação entre Estado e Igreja propiciará o estudo de nossa primeira problemática: a laicidade e o laicismo. A religião sempre usou de artifícios para amealhar novos fieis e, para tanto, aprofundaremos o estudo acerca do proselitismo religioso e a defesa de do multiculturalismo e da defesa das minorias. Por fim, adentraremos no delicado tema do fundamentalismo e como que a religião contribui negativamente para o aparecimento do terrorismo. Ademais, também traremos as contramedidas adotadas pelos Direitos humanos e qual a relação presente entre religião e defesa dos direitos humanos

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Dalmazzo, Amélie. "Charismes, identités, fanatismes. Le charisme médiatique et les fans de Michael Jackson. L'idéal et le monstre : Les représentations d'une figure charismatique dans les espaces conjoints de l'industrie culturelle et des médias. Typologie des publics fans face à ces représentations." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020025.

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Cette thèse interroge le charisme, tel qu'il est construit par les médias et les industries culturelles, et tel qu'il encourage la croyance et l'identification des publics ("charisme médiatique"). Par le biais d'une approche pluridisciplinaire(sémiologie, psychanalyse, analyse de discours, psychologie sociale), elle s'intéresse aux relations entre les charismes, les identités et les fanatismes: comment les figures charismatiques parviennent-elles à susciter l'identification des publics, à les séduire et à les fidéliser? Qu'est-ce que la fascination, et comment peut elle être provoquée? A quelles problématiques identitaires répondent les fans lorsqu'ils élisent ces figures? Cette thèse démontre qu'il existe, dans les images et récits qui façonnent une figure médiatique, des paradigmes encourageant l'attribution d'un charisme par les publics. Ces paradigmes permettent l'élaboration, par les individus et les communautés, de significations inconscientes, faisant écho à leurs besoins identitaires et à leurs désirs narcissiques. Cette recherche révèle et recense ces paradigmes en s'appuyant sur l'analyse sémio-psychanalytique du charisme médiatique de Michael Jackson (analyses de clips vidéos, étude de sa mythologie). Puis, l'analyse de représentations amateurs façonnant la "monstruosité médiatique" de la star, permet d'établir quelques similitudes sémio-psychanalytiques entre le charisme et la monstruosité. Enfin, en s'intéressant aux fonctions identitaires de la musique, en dressant une typologie des publics fans, et en analysant le discours de quelques fans de Michael Jackson, cette thèse envisage les motivations et stratégies identitaires des fans.

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Anselmo, Benjamin. "Iglesia Maradoniana : en studie om fotboll, religion och identitet i Argentina." Thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för kultur- och religionsvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-5145.

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Denna studie är genomförd i Argentina, ”fotbollens land”. Den handlar om en grupp människor som möts en till två gånger per år i vad man kallar Maradonakyrkan för att helga Diego Armando Maradona. Studien genomfördes i form av fältstudier på plats i Argentina med metoder som intervjuer och deltagande observationer. Maradonakyrkan är ett så pass nytt fenomen att inga akademiska texter funnits att tillgå. Begrepp som tas upp och diskuteras är bland andra fanatism och idoldyrkan. En av frågorna som ställs är om Maradonakyrkan kan ses som en religion. Med hjälp av Magnus Engstrands teorier så är resultatet: ja det kan den. Uppsatsen har bidragit till att skänka ljus åt en annars nästan helt okänd religion. Förhoppningen är att den kan leda till att fler undersökningar görs kring förhållandet religion och sport i allmänhet och om Maradonakyrkan i synnerhet.

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Bérubé, Hélène. "Mythes sionistes et identité israélienne : la trahison nécessaire pour échapper au fanatisme dans l'oeuvre d'Amos Oz." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2893/1/M9507.pdf.

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La pensée politique et sociale de l'écrivain et essayiste israélien Amos Oz (1939-) repose sur sa représentation des conflits inhérents à la psyché humaine; l'angoisse issue des questions en suspens porte l'individu à rechercher l'apaisement mental en adhérant à des idéologies et à des référents identitaires qui offrent un univers de cohérence où tout est ordonné et résolu. Sans toutefois nier l'importance du désir d'appartenance, l'auteur dénonce ses dérives: la glorification de la violence faite en son nom et l'intransigeance du fanatisme, notamment face à la question de l'autre. Ainsi, Oz cherche à sonder l'inconscient collectif israélien, à dégager la part fantasmée des mythes sionistes et à montrer comment ils ont eu de réelles conséquences sur l'identité nationale de son pays, sur le cours de son histoire et sur la relation israélienne à l'altérité palestinienne. Cet examen le porte à soutenir que la seule légitimité du projet sioniste est son aspiration à permettre au peuple juif de normaliser sa situation par la création d'un foyer national, ce que la prise des Territoires a rendu impossible. Oz pose ainsi l'ultime question: comment trouver une réponse satisfaisante au sionisme sans pour autant nier la réalité d'Israël? Sa réponse: la trahison. Le combat citoyen d'Oz est d'abord et avant tout un combat contre des attitudes individuelles. À l'attitude du fanatique à vouloir faire coïncider le réel au fantasme et à vouloir forcer autrui au changement pour parfaire le monde, Oz oppose le traître capable d'ambivalence morale et de pragmatisme. Le traître comprend que différentes avenues légitimes peuvent coexister face à un même problème: le conflit israélo-palestinien étant pour l'auteur une « tragédie », soit le choc de deux projets contradictoires également légitimes, il ne sera résolu durablement que par un compromis pragmatique entre ces deux projets plutôt que par une justice absolue pour chacun des camps. Ce compromis, c'est notamment par la reconnaissance -non pas par la compréhension mutuelle ou par l'amour fraternel-de l'autre pour ce qu'il est plutôt que pour ce qu'il représente et par la reconnaissance sans équivoque de son droit égal de vivre en paix dans son État qu'il sera possible. Si une majorité de l'opinion publique israélienne et palestinienne est aujourd'hui résignée à la nécessité de la paix à deux États, le combat d'Oz est aussi de faire prendre conscience comment, en devant renoncer aux rêves démesurés afin d'être en mesure de reconnaître l'attachement tout aussi véritable de l'autre à la terre, la douleur est une étape à franchir pour atteindre la paix. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Amos Oz, Sionisme, Identité israélienne, Trahison, Fanatisme, Conflit israélo-palestinien.

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Bousquet, Julien. "Étude exploratoire du processus de défanatisation dans la relation fan/équipe de sport." Thèse, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2780/1/D1906.pdf.

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Les fans représentent un vecteur financier important pour les organisations sportives professionnelles et amateurs. Ces consommateurs ne naissent pas fans mais le deviennent. De plus, il arrive que certains d'entre eux finissent même par briser la relation qu'ils entretenaient avec l'équipe adulée. Le processus qui amène une personne à devenir ce que l'on appelle communément un fan, à savoir une personne hautement attachée à une équipe de sport dans le cas qui nous intéresse, est largement documenté en marketing sportif. De nombreux chercheurs se sont intéressés à comprendre les facteurs d'identification à une équipe de sport (Campbell, Aiken et Kent, 2004; Crawford, 2004; Funk et James, 2001 ; Gladden et Funk, 2001; Wann et al., 2006). Cependant, les études s'intéressant aux processus de défanatisation sont beaucoup plus rares, qui plus est empiriques. Quelques chercheurs (Crawford, 2004; Funk et James, 2001; Jones, 2000; Pimentel et Reynolds, 2004) ont évoqué le processus de défanatisation, cheminement emprunté par une personne pour se détacher de l'équipe suivie dans le cas qui nous intéresse. Cependant, il semblerait que le fan soit principalement cantonné à demeurer attaché à l'équipe. Seul Hyatt (2007) s'est intéressé à la défanatisation mais dans un contexte trop spécifique, celui de la relocalisation d'une équipe professionnelle. Le fait de pouvoir cheminer inversement et se détacher de l'équipe est trop peu évoqué. Ce processus, que nous appelons défanatisalion est pourtant une réalité qui étrangement demeure peu documentée. La présente recherche vise donc à combler certains vides observés dans la littérature avec deux objectifs: 1/ la mise en évidence des facteurs qui interviennent tout au long du processus de défanatisation et 2/ la description du processus de défanatisation. Pour atteindre ces deux objectifs et répondre à ces questionnements, une étude qualitative a été réalisée auprès de fans en déclin d'une équipe de la Ligue junior de majeur de hockey du Québec, les Saguenéens de Chicoutimi. Dix-neuf participants ont été interrogés sur une période d'une année, de mai 2007 à avril 2008. La méthodologie du récit de vie fut choisie parce qu'elle permettait de couvrir de longues périodes, de clarifier les souvenirs et d'impliquer directement les participants à l'étude (Atkinson, 1998; Bertaux, 2005). Les résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence trois types d'événements (prédisposants, accélérants et atténuants) intervenant tout au long du processus de défanatisation. L'analyse a également permis de faire ressortir une typologie formée de quatre types de processus de défanatisation: rapide avec dissolution, lent avec dissolution, rapide sans dissolution et lent sans dissolution. Finalement, un modèle général de défanatisation a été conceptualisé. L'étude jette donc un éclairage nouveau et intéressant sur le processus de défanatisation, phénomène peu étudié en marketing sportif. Elle est la « première » à conceptualiser empiriquement ce phénomène et plante le décor pour de futures recherches. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Fan, Marketing sportif, Marketing relationnel, Défanatisation.

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Magalhães, Tiago Filipe Vieira Inácio Ferreira de. "Psicodinâmica do fanatismo : tolerância à ambiguidade, vinculação ao pai e desenvolvimento psicossocial, na propensão para o fanatismo." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/33573.

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Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 201 Os fenómenos de fanatismo têm vindo a assumir maior preponderância nas sociedades contemporâneas. A descrença nas antigas estruturas sociais e familiares, a abertura das fronteiras e o choque entre credos tem dado lugar a um espaço amplo, indefinido, onde diversos indivíduos e grupos se têm vindo a manifestar de forma agida contra as sociedades em busca de um significado próprio. Apesar da necessidade de compreender o funcionamento psicodinâmico destes indivíduos, a literatura existente na temática é ainda escassa. Os poucos casos existentes de processos psicoterapêuticos desenvolvidos com indivíduos desradicalizados demonstram a centralidade das temáticas ligadas à ambiguidade, identidade e vinculação ao pai. Com base na literatura, procurou-se compreender a relação entre a tolerância à ambiguidade, vinculação ao pai e desenvolvimento psicossocial e a propensão para o fanatismo, como potencialmente expressa nas dimensões de dogmatismo, adesão ao grupo e capacidade para distinguir entre grupos de natureza fanática e não-fanática. Foram aplicados um Questionário Sociodemográfico, a Multiple Stimulus Ambiguity Scale, o Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe, a Modified Erikson Psychosocial Inventory Scale e ainda a DOG Scale a 77 indivíduos do sexo masculino da população portuguesa não-clínica. Os resultados revelaram relações significativas entre a tolerância à ambiguidade, vinculação ao pai e desenvolvimento psicossocial, bem como entre estas e algumas das dimensões contempladas na propensão para o fanatismo. Infirmam-se associações significativas com algumas das variáveis sociodemográficas, nomeadamente entre a propensão para o fanatismo e o locus de controlo da autoestima, presença real do pai na infância e escolha de cenário de identificação a grupos. Verificou-se ainda que algumas das subdimensões da vinculação ao pai, associadas à presença real do pai na infância e à escolha de cenário de identificação a grupos explicam cerca de 26% da variabilidade da propensão para o fanatismo. Tais resultados foram discutidos à luz da teoria psicodinâmica. Por último, foram discutidas as limitações deste estudo e direções futuras, bem como as implicações para a prática clínica e investigativa. Fanaticism has been gaining greater preponderance in modern societies. The disbelief in old societal and familiar structures, open boarders and the conflict between different beliefs has given rise to an undefined potential space where both individuals and groups of individuals have been taking actions against societies while on the search for a personal shared significance. Although understanding the psychodynamics of the fanatical group and individual are a fundamental aspect of the research in this area, little has been done to date. The very few cases regarding psychotherapy with deradicalized individuals clearly show the centrality of the themes of ambiguity, identity and father-child attachment. Based on a theoretical review, this study sought to understand the relationship between tolerance of ambiguity, father-child attachment, psychosocial development and the propensity toward fanaticism, as potentially shown in measures of dogmatism, group membership and distinction between fanatical and non-fanatical groups. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Multiple Stimulus Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale, Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai, Modified Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory and DOG Scale were applied to 77 portuguese young adults from a non-clinical sample. The results found significant relations between tolerance of ambiguity, father-child attachment and psychosocial development. These variables also showed significant relations to some dimensions found in the propensity toward fanaticism. Additionally, significant relations were found between sociodemographic variables, particularly self-esteem locus control, presence of the father during infancy and scenario selection given a projective task. Some of the variables regarding father-child attachment, along with variables such as presence of the father during infancy and scenario selection, account for 26% of the variability in propensity toward fanaticism. Such results were discussed in the light of psychodynamic theories. Finally, the limitations of this study are discussed, future directions are pointed and considerations about the implications of the present results to the clinical and investigative practice are addressed.

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Correia, Henrique Pedro Tojo. "''Paixão sempre… fanatismo nunca'' : a imparcialidade no jornalismo desportivo [futebol]." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/7958.

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Orientação: Manuel Costa Leite A presente Dissertação pretende analisar o problema da Imparcialidade no Jornalismo Desportivo, designadamente no caso do Futebol, através da apresentação de casos e da percepção da imparcialidade jornalística desportiva. Procede-se a uma primeira abordagem do conceito geral de Imparcialidade, numa segunda instância procede-se a uma abordagem do conceito de Imparcialidade no Jornalismo, e numa terceira instância no Jornalismo Desportivo, em particular no Futebol. Procede-se depois, à enunciação e comentário de casos reais ocorridos em Portugal. E procedeu-se finalmente à recolha de opiniões profissionais e opiniões de leitores, sobre Imparcialidade nos Jornais, opiniões tratadas e avaliadas. The present Dissertation addresses the subject of Impartiality in Journalism, particularly on the Sports Journalism and most particularly in Football. Impartiality it is firstly addressed philosophically and in its general common sense use, then Impartiality in Journalism is addressed and in a 3rd instance approach within Sports Journalism – particularly focused in Football cases. The Dissertation will finally deals with a meta level perception Impartiality in Journalism, with the methodological support of questionnaires submitted to Sport Journalist professionals and common readers. Some conclusions presumed to be legitimate are then drawn from the whole of the dissertation research.

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RICHTROVÁ, Tereza. "Southern Gothic: Macabre Heroes in Toole's Neon Bible and McCarthy's Child of God." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-251608.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare the protagonists of two novels which are classified as Southern gothic writings: Child of God by Cormac McCarthy, and The Neon Bible by John Kennedy Toole. Although the pivotal characters appear dissimilar, the comparison and analysis of the novels might demonstrate common features and motifs. Studying of Southern gothic phenomena constitutes a background for the analysis, and also the initial part of the thesis. It is focused on a basic characteristic of the genre on the basis of the development of Southern literature. There is an introduction of the most important authors, genres, and typical motifs. The analytical part is prefaced by a reference to the life and work of the writers, as their nature and literary production vary. There is more attention paid to the texts by McCarthy because he has published a larger quantity of books in comparison with Toole. Southern gothic elements are therefore observed and compared in the analysed short novels, and also in other McCarthy's texts. The comparison corresponds to the theoretical ground.

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Mazáč, Milan. "Postoj římskokatolické církve k islámskému extremismu." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358121.

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The position of the Roman Catholic Church to Islamic extremism Abstract The present thesis deals with the attitude of the Pope, those spiritual state performing the function in individual institutions of the Holy See, theologians and a selected group of people from the Czech general public Roman Catholic Church to religious extremism, focusing on the ultimate form of extremism - terrorism - of individuals or groups espousing to Islam. Since religious extremism often associated with fundamentalism, radicalism and fanaticism, is the first chapter to analyze the basic characteristics of these concepts, with the emphasis on analyzing the meaning and essence of their grasp. A comparison of them found what they have in common and what they are different. Following the above leads to analysis of how extremism reflect the religious and intellectual personalities of islam, with attached description and comparison of the attitudes of these figures, and militant-minded muslims to the jihad by the sword "al-džihád bi̕ s-sajf". In connection with this armed form of jihad work briefly compares the concept of martyrdom in islam and the roman catholic church and the result in the summary analyses. It is also a brief look into the history of religious extremism, as an integral part of the development of Christianity and...

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Vaz, Sandra Ariana Barbosa. "A profundidade da relação adepto-clube: do Brand Love ao FANcrifice." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/54208.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Marketing e Estratégia Motivada pela incontestável atenção que envolve o desporto em Portugal, em especial o futebol, esta pesquisa centra-se no estudo do consumo no contexto desportivo, em particular na relação do adepto com o clube numa perspetiva de ligação à marca. O objetivo é abordar duas lacunas importantes na disponibilidade para o sacrifício e na literatura sobre a relação adepto-clube. Em primeiro lugar, este estudo analisa os antecedentes da vontade dos adeptos se sacrificarem pelo clube e avalia o sacrifício como um nível de intensidade superior no relacionamento dos adeptos com o clube. Em segundo lugar, esta investigação apresenta, pela primeira vez, um instrumento de medida da propensão para o sacrifício do fã para seu clube. As teorias do amor à marca de Batra et al. (2012), a do evangelismo no desporto de Dwyer et al. (2015) e a do fanatismo de Dwyer et al. (2016) são apresentadas nesta investigação como pano de fundo do debate sobre a relação adepto-clube. Confrontados com a limitação dos construtos existentes na explicação da profundidade da relação do adepto com o seu clube, propôs-se a disponibilidade para o sacrifício como um patamar superior da ligação ao clube. A disponibilidade para o sacrifício, designada neste estudo por FANcrifice, poderá explicar melhor o comportamento dos adeptos mais aficionados. Foi aplicada uma metodologia mista com a intenção de fundamentar o desenvolvimento e validação da escala de medição do FANcrifice, bem como testar as hipóteses formuladas. Um grupo de adeptos de futebol foi entrevistado e 1145 foram inquiridos na tentativa de identificar comportamentos de sacrifício e de validar a escala proposta. Este instrumento de medida contém 20 itens e está segmentado por seis dimensões comportamentais. O FANcrifice é, de facto, o nível que explica melhor o comportamento dos adeptos e verificou-se relação entre os três antecedentes e a propensão para o sacrifício. Porém, a tendência de gradação de intensidade estabelecida pelo referencial teórico, não se verificou, uma vez que não são níveis com maior intensidade que melhor explicam o FANcrifice, mas sim o brand love. Os resultados deste estudo são significativos uma vez que introduzem um instrumento de medida original e que revelam um estágio superior de ligação ao clube. The unquestionable attention that involves sports in Portugal, in particular football, has led this research to explore the consumer-brand relationship in sports business, in particular focusing sports fan club relationship. With highly impassioned and provocative behaviours, an opportunity exists to explore the willingness to sacrifice in this context. The purpose is to address two important gaps in the willingness to sacrifice and sport fan club relationships literature. First, this study investigates the antecedents of willingness to sacrifice and examine sacrifice as a higher level of intensity in the fan club relationship. Second, this investigation presents, for the first time, an instrument for measuring the propensity for the sacrifice of the fan for his club. Guided by the theories of brand love by Batra et al. (2012), of efangelism by Dwyer et al. (2015) and of fanaticism by Dwyer et al. (2016), that are presented in this research as the background of the debate about the sport fan club relationship, and faced with the limitation of the existing constructs in explaining the depth of the relation, as well as the behaviours that come from that intensity, this study proposed the willingness to sacrifice as a superior level of the connection to the club. The willingness to sacrifice in sports fan club, named in this study by FANcrifice, may explain in depth the behaviour of the passionate fans. The other theories will be adequate to explain different levels of club relationship, but rather the sacrifice. A mixed-methods approach was applied with intent to support the development and validation of the FANcrifice measurement scale and to test the hypotheses formulated in the research. A group of fans was interviewed, and an additional 1145 sports fans were surveyed in an attempt to identify sacrifice behaviours and validate a measure with 20 items and 6 types of such behaviours. The FANcrifice is, in fact, the best predictor of the fans behaviour and there was a relationship between the three antecedents and the propensity for sacrifice. However, the trend of gradation of intensity established by the theoretical referential didn’t occur, since they are not the levels with greater intensity that better explain the FANcrifice, but rather brand love. These findings are meaningful since they introduce an original measuring instrument and reveal a superior stage of connection to the club, helping clubs to better understand the depth of the sports fan club relationship.

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Frimlová, Petra. "Humor a kritika v díle Pantaleón a jeho ženská rota Maria VargaseLlosy." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339890.

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OF THE THESIS: The novel Captain Pantoja and the Special Service introduces the second period of Mario Vargas Llosa's literary production, which is caracterized by the simplification of the narration and the discovery of humour. The thesis focuses on the formal and thematic analysis of the novel with the objective to prove that despite the novel is in general humorous and parodic, there could be found some constant topics, known to the readers from Llosa's previous novels, which he had always treated very critically, and he also did so in this erotic and humorous work. Therefore, apart from the analysis of humour the thesis also examines the critical approach to the social problems present in the novel. The analysis also shows that the narration is slightly simplified in comparison to the author's formers works, but it still perfectly demonstrates the unconventional narrative techniques, which Vargas Llosa has used since the 1960's, since the period of the new hispano-american novel. KEY WORDS: Mario Vargas Llosa, Captain Pantoja and the Special Service, The Time of the Hero, The Green House, Latin American boom, Hispano-American new novel, total novel, experimental narrative techniques, types of humour and irony, humorous prose, parody, erotic novel, libertine prose, rainforest, criticism of the...

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Konečná, Lenka. "Isabela I. Kastilská." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332123.

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The main objective of this work, was to elaborate on the topic of Isabella I. of Castile. The main focus was an emphasis on historical facts, of which I derived from Czech and foreign literatures and historical compendiums. The first part describes the political and economic situation in the Ibe c y I b ' coronation. Further, I look at her biography with a focus on details that could testify about her character and personality. This section provides the basis and support for the second part of this thesis. Besides the historical books, I explore also studies in the field of psychology. In the second part I deal with the motives which led I b g g z d I' interested in her tendency to her fanatical behavior. The theme of the Spanish inquisition in this work occupies a marginal position. The whole work is written with the need to view Isabel from the most different ways. This is supported by typologies of her personality and her tendency to achieve her goals from her position. In conclusion, I summarize the thesis defense, which I had already set out in the introduction of this thesis. I wanted to defend this theory: "Isabela as the only one in the history of her family, was able to effectively complete the Reconquista. What helped her was - religious fanaticism, coupled with unusually strong internal...

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Poganatz, Herbert. "Francisco Penzotti, Pionier evangelischer Missionsarbeit in Peru: Ein Bibelkolporteur und Gemeindegründer als Schnittstelle im Kampf um Toleranz und Religionsfreiheit im Peru des 19. Jahrhunderts." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1771.

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Abstract:

This study deals with Francisco G. Penzotti, a Bible colporteur and church planter, opening in 1888 in Peru a branch of the American Bible Society. But the Peruvian con-stitution prohibited any public, non-Catholic religious activities. The country's situation for decades had been confrontation between clerical conserva-tism and progressive liberal forces, thus dividing Peruvian society. Penzotti became a catalyst in this confrontation at a time of critical importance, thus revealing the frailty of the Roman Catholicism as an integrating force in this society. He becomes a "human interface" in the struggle for tolerance and freedom of worship, involving the participa-tion of important sectors of Peruvian society. This paper describes the historical background and Protestant activities prior to Pen-zotti, then his work and person. A missiological summary interprets Penzottis success, acting as a human link between two distinct eras and clearing the way for a future of tolerance and religious freedom in Peru. Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology M. Th. (Missiology)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fanatisme'

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