Relevant bibliographies by topics / FAO-Penman-Monteith method

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Academic literature on the topic 'FAO-Penman-Monteith method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "FAO-Penman-Monteith method"

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Mashru, H. H., and D. K. Dwivedi. "Evaluation of Evapotranspiration Estimation Models for Junagadh City of Gujarat." Current World Environment 11, no. 2 (2016): 619–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.2.34.

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Estimation of Evapotranspiration is important for determining the agro-climatic potential of a particular region, water requirement of field crops, irrigation scheduling and suitability of crops or varieties, which can be grown successfully with the best economic returns and therefore numerous models have been developed for determining evapotranspiration. The performance evaluation of commonly used reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimation methods like FAO 56 Penman-Monteith, Samani and Hargreaves, Makkink, Blaney Criddle, Jensen-Haise, Priestly-Taylor, FAO 24 radiation and Modified Penman Monteith method based on their accuracy of estimation has been undertaken in this study. The inter-relationship between FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method and other reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimation method is also determined in this study. The results showed that Blaney Criddle method, Modified Penman method, Jensen-Haise method and Priestly-Taylor method are the alternative methods to Penman-Monteith method for better estimate of ET0 for the Junagadh city of Gujarat, India.
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Arya, C. K., R. C. Purohit, L. K. Dashora, P. K. Singh, Mahesh Kothari, and Bhim Singh. "Comparative evaluation of different reference evapotranspiration models." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 1 (2017): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1239.

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The study was carried out to select best alternative method for the estimation of reference evapotranspi-ration (ET0). Accurate estimation of potential evapotranspiration is a necessary step in water resource management. Recently, the FAO-56 version of Penman-Monteith equation has been established as a standard for calculating ref-erence evapotranspiration (ET0) which requires measurement of a number of meteorological parameters namely, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed which may not be available in most of the meteoro-logical stations. Still there are different approaches (requiring less data) which estimate ET0 closely to Penman- Monteith (P-M) method for different climatological conditions. The present study is based on analysis of long term of 13 years (2000 to 2012) climatic data to calculate monthly reference evapotranspiration for Capsicum production (September–March) and also to compare the performance of evapotranspiration equations for Jhalawar district of Rajasthan with the standard FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method on the basis of the least root mean square error (RMSE) analysis. Hargreaves method and Pan evaporation (E-Pan) method overestimated the values of ETo when compared with FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method. On the basis of lowest value of RMSE, Pan evaporation method is found best alternative method to FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method in the study area.
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Bhosale, M. S., S. A. Kadam, N. J. Danwale, M. S. Mane, V. S. Malunjkar, and J. K. Joshi. "Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient to Improve Water Use Efficiency of Sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.) in Kharif Season Using Digital Weighing Lysimeter." Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 24, no. 1 (2025): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2025/v24i1651.

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The study was conducted on Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient to Improve Water Use Efficiency of Sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.) in Kharif Season Using Digital Weighing Lysimeter,” was conducted during the 2023-24 Kharif season with the aim of enhancing sesamum water use efficiency. For estimation of actual evapotranspiration and crop coefficient following are the objectives were to calculate and compare reference evapotranspiration (ETr) using various methods, measure crop evapotranspiration (ETc) using a digital weighing lysimeter, estimate crop coefficient (Kc) value. ETr was calculated using six different methods: Penman-Monteith, Modified Penman-Monteith, FAO Radiation, Priestly-Taylor, Hargreaves-Samani, and Pan Evaporation. The result obtained from that is the seasonal ETr was found 328.53, 395.47, 369.37, 430.26, 416.04, 372.90 mm respectively. While calculating or estimating reference evapotranspiration it is observed that The Modified Penman Monteith method had the highest correlation (R²=0.98) with the standard Penman-Monteith method, while the FAO Radiation and Pan Evaporation methods also performed well. crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) of Sesamum crop, measured using a digital weighing lysimeter, ranged from 0.61 to 5.65 mm/day, with a total of 244.94 mm for the season and the Crop coefficients (Kc) values were calculated by ratio of crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) with Reference Evapotranspiration (ETr), from that polynomial regression models were developed to estimate daily Kc values based on the crop growth ratio (t/T). The daily Kc values determined by using the best fit polynomial equations were averaged over initial, development, mid-season and end-season stage, the Kc values developed by using different methods i.e (Penman-Monteith method) are 0.58, 0.77, 1.00, and 0.36; Kc values (Modified Penman Monteith method) were 0.48, 0.64, 0.84 and 0.32; Kc values (FAO Radiation method) were 0.61, 0.73, 0.91 and 0.33; Kc values (Priestly Taylor method) were 0.26, 0.61, 0.98 and 0.33; Kc values (Hargreaves Samani method) were 0.36, 0.58, 0.92 and 0.28; and Kc values (Pan Evaporation method) were 0.48, 0.65, 0.93 and 0.32, respectively. On an average Kc determined by Penman Monteith method, Modified Penman Monteith method, FAO Radiation method and Pan Evaporation method overestimated the Kc by 26.17, 7.00, 21.92 and 9.38 per cent, respectively compared to FAO-56 values. However, Priestly-Taylor method and Hargraves-Samani method underestimated Kc by 5.55 and 5.78 per cent, respectively.
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Djukic, Vesna, and Vladislava Mihailovic. "Critical analysis of the contemporary methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 106 (2012): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1206057d.

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Evapotranspiration is one of the most important processes within the hydrological cycle whose reliable assessment is essential in the planning and managing of land and water resources. Besides that, the water needs of plants depend directly on the size of evapotranspiration. This paper presents a comparison of reference evapotranspiration values calculated using the FAO Blaney-Criddle method, the FAO Radiation methods, the FAO Penman and the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith method with the results of measurements of evapotranspiration at the meteorological station in Kosutnjak during the growing seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2006. It is shown that the application of the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith equation provides the calculated values of evapotranspiration that are closest to the results of measurement and it is recommended to apply this method for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration.
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Montero, D., F. Echeverry, and F. Hernández. "Combination of satellite imagery with meteorological data for estimating reference evapotranspiration." Revista de Teledetección, no. 51 (June 29, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/raet.2018.7688.

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<p>The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in its publication No. 56 of the Irrigation and Drainage Series presents the FAO Penman-Monteith procedure for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration from meteorological data, however, its calculation may be complicated in areas where there are no weather stations. This paper presents an evaluation of the potential of the Land Surface Temperature and Digital Elevation Models products derived from the MODIS and ASTER sensors, both on board the Terra EOS AM-1 satellite, for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration using the Penman-Monteith FAO-56, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite and Blaney-Criddle models. The four models were compared with the method proposed by FAO calculated with the observed data of a ground based meteorological station, finding a significant relation with the models Penman-Monteith FAO-56 and Hargreaves.</p>
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Almorox, Javier, and Jürgen Grieser. "Calibration of the Hargreaves–Samani method for the calculation of reference evapotranspiration in different Köppen climate classes." Hydrology Research 47, no. 2 (2015): 521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.091.

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The Penman–Monteith equation (FAO-56) is accepted as the standard model for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, the major obstacle to using FAO-56 widely is that it requires numerous climatic data. The Hargreaves–Samani (HS) method is frequently used for the calculation of ETo since it is based on measurements of daily minimum and maximum air temperature alone. Those are commonly recorded at many meteorological stations throughout the world. It is the objective of this paper to evaluate the quality of HS and calibrate the coefficients of this method for different climates as represented by the Köppen classification. Estimated values are compared with Penman–Monteith ETo values in terms of the coefficient of efficiency Ceff as well as the root mean square error, the mean absolute error and the Bayes information criterion. The Penman–Monteith equation for ETo (FAO-56) is based on physics and known to provide best estimates of ETo. The results of our work show that the correlation between long-term monthly means of HS and FAO-56 can be improved significantly by introducing climate-class specific coefficients.
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P. B. JADHAV, S. A. KADAM, and S. D. GORANTIWAR. "Comparison of methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Rahuri region." Journal of Agrometeorology 17, no. 2 (2015): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v17i2.1007.

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Penman Monteith (FAO56-PMM), Modified Penman FAO-24 (MPM), Hargreaves-Samani (HSM), FAO-24 Pan Evaporation (FPEM), Blaney-Criddle (BCM) and FAO Radiation (FRM) methods were used for estimation of ETo for Rahuri region. The Penman Monteith method was considered as the standard of comparison for evaluating the other five methods. The ETo values estimated by PMM were correlated with ETo values estimated by other five methods. The good correlation was found between the ET o values estimated by MPM, HSM and FRM. The coefficient of determination was high for MPM (R 2=0.99), HSM (R2=0.97) and FRM (R2=0.93) and therefore found to be more suitable in the absence of adequate climate data for the use of PMM for this climatic region.
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Santos, Daniella P. dos, Célia S. dos Santos, Leiliane M. da Silva, Márcio A. L. dos Santos, and Cícero G. dos Santos. "Performance of methods for estimation of table beet water requirement in Alagoas." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, no. 3 (2018): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n3p189-193.

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ABSTRACT Optimization of water use in agriculture is fundamental, particularly in regions where water scarcity is intense, requiring the adoption of technologies that promote increased irrigation efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate evapotranspiration models and to estimate the crop coefficients of beet grown in a drainage lysimeter in the Agreste region of Alagoas. The experiment was conducted at the Campus of the Federal University of Alagoas - UFAL, in the municipality of Arapiraca, AL, between March and April 2014. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was estimated in drainage lysimeters and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) by Penman-Monteith-FAO 56 and Hargreaves-Samani methods. The Hargreaves-Samani method presented a good performance index for ETo estimation compared with the Penman-Monteith-FAO method, indicating that it is adequate for the study area. Beet ETc showed a cumulative demand of 202.11 mm for a cumulative reference evapotranspiration of 152.00 mm. Kc values determined using the Penman-Monteith-FAO 56 and Hargreaves-Samani methods were overestimated, in comparison to the Kc values of the FAO-56 standard method. With the obtained results, it is possible to correct the equations of the methods for the region, allowing for adequate irrigation management.
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Almeida, Hermes Alves de, Antonio Evaldo Klar, and Nilson Augusto Villa Nova. "ESTIMADOS POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS." IRRIGA 4, no. 2 (1999): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.1999v4n2p70-79.

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ESTIMADOS POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS Hermes Alves de AlmeidaPesquisador, CEPLAC- Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, Caixa Postal 07, 45.600-000, Itabuna, BahiaAntonio Evaldo KlarProfessor Titular, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCA, UNESP, 18603-970, Botucatu, SPNilson Augusto Villa NovaProfessor Associado, Departamento de Física e Meteorologia, ESALQ, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP 1 RESUMO O presente trabalho compara os dados de evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) estimados por diferentes métodos. O experimento foi realizado no Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau (CEPEC), Ilhéus, Bahia, latitude 14º 45’S, longitude 39º 16’W e altitude de 41 m. Os dados meteorológicos foram coletados dentro da área experimental e na estação agrometeorológica do CEPEC, durante o período de 01.01.1988 a 31.12.1994. O método de Penman-Monteith (P-M) foi eleito o padrão, sendo os valores de ETo comparados com os obtidos pelos métodos de Penman-FAO (P-F) e Tanque Classe A (TCA).Os resultados mostraram que os totais semanais de ETo maiores do que 14 mm ocorreram, com maior freqüência, independentemente do método utilizado. O elevado nível de significância estatística encontrada no método de Penman-Monteith, utilizando-se dados coletados no interior de uma plantação de cacau, por exemplo, possibilita maior expansão de uso da referida equação para locais específicos, a partir de dados coletados fora da área experimental (estação agrometeorológica padrão). Por outro lado, a baixa precisão encontrada nos totais de ETo, determinados utilizando-se o método do TCA, quando correlacionados com os obtidos pelas equações de P-M ou de P-F, não permite recomendar a sua utilização como equação de estimativa diária de ETo. UNITERMOS: Evapotranspiração de referência, Penman-Monteith, Penman-FAO, Tanque Classe A, Irrigação ALMEIDA, H.A., KLAR, A.E., VILLA NOVA, N.A. COMPARISON OF REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION DATA ESTIMATED BY DIFFERENT METHODS 2 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the reference evapotranspiration data estimated by different methods. The work was carried out at “Centro de Pesquisas do Cacao (CEPEC)”, in Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil, latitude 14º 45’S, longitude 39º 16’W and altitude of 41 m. The meteorological data used in this estimation were collected at CEPEC experimental plot and standard Agrometeorological Station. The standard method was that of Penman-Monteith and the values of ETo compared with those obtained by Penman-FAO and Class A pan methods. The results showed that the totals of the ETo higher than 14 mm.week-1 occurred more frequently independent of the method used. The high level of statistical significance presented by Penman-Monteith allows the use P-M equation for specific locations such as in a cocoa farm, for instance, from collected data outside of experimental plot (standard Agrometeorological Station). On the other hand, the low accuracy found in the estimated ETo totals using Class A pan methods, when correlated with those obtained by Penman-Monteith or Penman-FAO method, does not allow to recommend its use as equation of daily estimation ETo. KEYWORDS: Reference evapotranspiration, Penman-Monteith, Penman-FAO, Tanque Classe A, irrigation
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Mendoza C., Christian J., and Andrés J. Peña Q. "Reference evapotranspiration estimation by different methods for the sucroenergy sector of Colombia." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, no. 9 (2021): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n9p583-590.

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ABSTRACT In the Colombian Sugarcane Research Center CENICAÑA, efficient use of water is always performed based on estimating reference evapotranspiration. In this method, class A pans have been used to estimate the reference evapotranspiration, which provides a more precise estimate of this important variable for water resource management. The objective of this study was to evaluate different reference evapotranspiration methods for the region of influence of the climatological station of the CENICAÑA experimental station. The class A pan method traditionally used in CENICAÑA was compared with and the Penman-Monteith FAO 56 standard method. The historical series used was from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 2014. The climatic variables were the maximum, mean, and minimum temperatures, the mean relative air humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed at 10 m. Willmott’s coefficients, the confidence index (c), and the root mean squared error were used in the performance evaluation. In the comparison with the Penman-Monteith FAO 56 method, all methods presented performance below the minimum requirement of (c) = 0.400. When all methods were compared with the method used in CENICAÑA (Class A pan), only the Penman-Monteith FAO 56 method showed performance classified as good (c = 0.689).
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Book chapters on the topic "FAO-Penman-Monteith method"

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Basu Roy, Tanushree, Dipanwita Dutta, and Abhisek Chakrabarty. "Spatio-temporal Variation of Evapotranspiration Derived from Multi-temporal Landsat Datasets using FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Method." In Spatial Modeling in Forest Resources Management. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56542-8_17.

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G. Biro Turk, Khalid, Faisal I. Zeineldin, and Abdulrahman M. Alghannam. "Mapping and Assessment of Evapotranspiration over Different Land-Use/Land-Cover Types in Arid Ecosystem." In Evapotranspiration - Recent Advances and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96759.

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Evapotranspiration (ET) is an essential process for defining the mass and energy relationship between soil, crop and atmosphere. This study was conducted in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia, to estimate the actual daily, monthly and annual evapotranspiration (ETa) for different land-use systems using Landsat-8 satellite data during the year 2017/2018. Initially, six land-use and land-cover (LULC) types were identified, namely: date palm, cropland, bare land, urban land, aquatic vegetation, and open water bodies. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) supported by climate data was used to compute the ETa. The SEBAL model outputs were validated using the FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO P-M) method coupled with field observation. The results showed that the annual ETa values varied between 800 and 1400 mm.year−1 for date palm, 2000 mm.year−1 for open water and 800 mm.year−1 for croplands. The validation measure showed a significant agreement level between the SEBAL model and the FAO P-M method with RMSE of 0.84, 0.98 and 1.38 mm.day−1 for date palm, open water and cropland respectively. The study concludes that the ETa produced from the satellite data and the SEBAL model is useful for water resource management under arid ecosystem of the study area.
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abedzki, Leszek, Ewa Kanecka-Geszke, Bogdan Bak, and Sandra Slowinsk. "Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration using the FAO Penman-Monteith Method for Climatic Conditions of Poland." In Evapotranspiration. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/14081.

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Conference papers on the topic "FAO-Penman-Monteith method"

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Yoo, Seung Hwan, Choi, Jin-Yong, Jang, and Min Won. "Estimation of Paddy Rice Crop Coefficients for Penman-Monteith and FAO Modified Penman Method." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20755.

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DEMIRCI, Mustafa, Bestami TASAR, Yunus Ziya KAYA, and Hakan VARCİN. "" Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration Using Support Vector Machines: a Case Study of Adana, Turkey. "." In Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2022 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2022_20.

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Evapotranspiration is an important parameter in hydrological and meteorological studies. Evapotranspiration forecasting plays an important role in irrigation management and hydraulic designs, especially during dry periods. In this study, average temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (U), solar radiation (SR) parameters were used to estimate the daily evapotranspiration amount. Daily evapotranspiration estimation (ET0) was made according to the Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) as a standard method. The Penman-Monteith method was considered as the reference equation. Support Vector Machines (SVM) methods with four different input combinations were used to estimate the daily evapotranspiration of Adana province. SVM models were compared with each other and the reference equations’ results. According to the results obtained from SVM models, SVM3 model giave slightly better results according to the higher determination coefficient and lowest error data.
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Luis Octavio Lagos, Derrel L Martin, Suat Irmak, and Xinhua Zhou. "Evaluating Evapotranspiration with SWAT a Distributed Watershed Model and the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Method." In 2007 Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 17-20, 2007. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23384.

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Zyromski, Andrzej, Marcin Wdowikowski, and Bartosz Kazmierczak. "Estimation of evapotranspiration empirical coefficients of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) under climate change conditions." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf200.

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The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of estimating the evapotranspiration of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) using an indirect method. The field experiment was conducted at the Agro and Hydrometeorology Observatory of the Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy of the Wrocław University of Life Sciences in Poland from 1 May to 31 October from 2016 to 2019. The experiment covered the period from the 6th to the 9th year of cultivation of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) on arable land. Evapotranspiration of Scots pine (ETR) was measured in soil evaporometers of 0.3 m2 and 0.7 m soil monolith thickness, with a daily time step, in triplicate. In order to avoid the oasis effect, the soil evaporometers were installed so that the measured trees grew in a compact enclave, as they do under natural conditions. In parallel, the actual evaporation values from the free water surface were measured directly with the EWP 992 evaporometer, and the daily indicator evaporation values were calculated using the FAO Penman-Monteith formula. In the next step, using evaporation measurements from the EWP 992 evaporometer and determined with the FAO Penman-Monteith formula, decadal and monthly empirical coefficients were determined to estimate the evapotranspiration of Scots pine. Evaluation of the weather conditions in the individual years of the experiment was also carried out, relating it to the normative multi-year period 1981–2010.
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Proutsos, Nikolaos D., Stefanos P. Stefanidis, and Panagiotis S. Stefanidis. "A Performance Evaluation of Nine Potential Evapotranspiration Methods Against the FAO-56 Penman–Monteith Benchmark at the Broadleaf Forest of Taxiarchis in Northern Greece." In HAICTA 2024. MDPI, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025117014.

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Максенкова, И. Л., Л. В. Козырева, and А. В. Доброхотов. "MODELS AND TECHNIQUES FOR MONITORING OF COMPLEX INDICATOR OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL RESOURCES OF AGRICULTURAL FIELD USING REMOTE SENSING DATA AND GROUND CALIBRATION." In МАТЕРИАЛЫ II Всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием «ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СРЕДСТВ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЛИ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ» Санкт-Петербург, 26–28 сентября 2018 г. Crossref, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25695/agrophysica.2018.2.18863.

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В настоящей работе предложен способ мониторинга комплексного показателя агрометеорологических ресурсов, или система методов и моделей, основанная на использовании дистанционных данных и наземной калибровки. Совместное использование дистанционных данных и наземной калибровки позволяет получить оценку пространственной изменчивости показателя. Комплексным и информативным агрометеорологическим показателем в современных исследованиях является суммарное испарение (эвапотранспирация). The paper proposes the complex monitoring of complex indicator of agrometeorological resources (territory climatic abilities for receiving an agricultural production). The complex monitoring represents the system of techniques and models that use remote sensing data and ground calibration. The information that is necessary for consumers (agrofirm, farms, agroholdings) is based on monitoring data. The evapotranspiration is complex and informative agrometeorological indicator in contemporary researches. The synergy of remote sensing data and ground calibration provides an estimate of the spatial variability of the indicator. The spatial distribution of energy balance parts above the agricultural field obtains using the information from the satellite LandSat-8 pictures and special models like SEBAL and SVAT. The ground calibration includes modern automated methods of information collecting and treatment over a specific study location of an agricultural field. It also contains techniques of evapotranspiration calculation above crops and models of evapotranspiration partitioning on transpiration and on evaporation from soil. The data more precisely input meteorological parameters are collected from the automatic mobile field agrometeorological equipment (AMFAE) created in the Agrophysical Research University. The technique of potential and actual evapotranspiration determination is based on the heat balance equation, the Penman – Monteith equation and the FAO-56 technology. The evapotranspiration is found as a residual term in the energy balance equation. The partitioning of evapotranspiration to transpiration and evaporation from the soil is carried out with the TSEB model. The AquaCrop model allows conducting monitoring of a canopy growth and developing in specific soil and ecologic conditions with day time interval in field scale using the agrometeorological index of relative cumulative transpiration.
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