Relevant bibliographies by topics / Farmers' Cooperative

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Farmers' Cooperative'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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Hadiani, Dimas Pratidina Puriastuti, Muhammad Nur Ihsan, Puguh Surjowardojo, and Bambang Ali Nugroho. "Analysis of Dairy Farmers Cooperative Partnership and Participation toward Cooperative Performance to Increase Farmer's Income." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 24, no. 2 (2022): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2022.24.2.144.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect effect of cooperative partnerships,farmer participation and cooperative performance on farmer’s income. This research method was carried outby distributing questionnaires to 164 farmers as research respondents in Kemiri village who were activemembers of the Agroniaga Cooperative Jabung. The research variables were X1 (cooperative partnership), X2(farmers participation), Y1 (cooperative performance), Y2 (farmer's income). The data obtained were analyzedby path analysis using SPSS. The results show that 1) cooperative partnerships have a significant effect directlyon the cooperative performance at 0.533, 2) farmer participation has a significant effect directly on thecooperative performance at 0.362, 3) the cooperative partnership has a significant effect directly on the incomeof farmers at 0.341, 4) farmer participation has a significant effect directly on the income of farmers at 0.426, 5)cooperative performance has a significant effect directly on the income of farmers at 0.180, 6) cooperativepartnership has no significant effect indirectly on the income of farmers through the cooperative performanceat 0.096, 7) farmer participation has no significant effect indirectly on farmer income through cooperativeperformance at 0.18. This study concludes that 1) cooperative partnerships and farmer participation havesignificant effect directly on the cooperative performance, 2) cooperative partnerships, farmer participation,and cooperative performance have a significant effect directly on farmers' incomes, 3) cooperative partnershipsand farmer participation have no significant effect indirectly on farmer income through cooperativeperformance.
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Kharel, Suman, Huma Neupane, Mandeep Adhikari, and Kamal Regmi. "Effect of Cooperative Membership on Performance of Farmers: Evidence of Cereal Farmers from Plain Region (Terai) of Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 38, no. 01 (2023): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i01.56142.

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Developing cooperatives is one of the important approaches to improve the farmer’s performance. In this paper we used the data collected from western plain of Nepal and applied an endogenous switch regression model in order to study the relationship of farmers’ membership in cooperative with benefit cost ratio of rice and wheat production. The findings show high benefit cost ratio for cooperative farmers in both rice and wheat. The findings also reveal higher amount of inputs use among the cooperative farmers as compared to the non-cooperative farmers. The disaggregation based on land area shows that farmers with small landholdings are more benefited from cooperative however cooperative membership evidence is more in farmers with higher land holdings. Our findings highlight that smallholdersshould be provided with assistance to be involved in cooperatives for higher benefit from cereal farming.
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Shanti, Wulandari. "Farmer's Cooperatives with Farmers' Economic Morals in Realizing Food Security." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, no. 08 (2022): 3211–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7027866.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong>:</strong> Farmers, as rural producers, produce agricultural products for the necessities of life while fulfilling economic needs. Farmers in Sukoharjo, Indonesia, have formed farmer groups, but these farmer groups are not managed mechanically. Therefore, it is necessary to think of a business entity that supports the agricultural production process of harvest and sale to support the improvement of farmers&#39; lives. The ideal business entity for farmers is a Cooperative business entity with a cooperation system; this resembles the local community&#39;s culture or wisdom. A Cooperative is an association or organization consisting of people or entities that provide freedom of entry and exit as existing members. The regulation of Cooperatives in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution states that the economy is structured as a joint business based on the principle of kinship, which in carrying out business activities must be in accordance with the type of cooperative based on the similarity of activities and economic interests of its members. Gaining success in agricultural production and improving farmers&#39; standard of living is part of the Food Security system, in which people&#39;s needs for food can be met in abundance.
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Dhakal, Chandra Prasad. "Role of Farmers' Cooperatives in Income Generation: A Study of Chitwan District." International Research Journal of MMC 5, no. 3 (2024): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjmmc.v5i3.68513.

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The farmer cooperatives are the kinds of cooperative that only farmers are involved to run the cooperative and the purpose of the cooperatives is to work for the wellbeing for farmers. The study focuses on role of farmers' cooperative in income generation. Main objectives of the study analyzed the situation of farmers' cooperatives of Chitwan and their activities related to income generation of the members. The study followed descriptive method and data were analyzed both qualitative and quantitative research design. Conclusion of this study was based on primary data. In Chitwan only 15% cooperatives were related to farmers' cooperatives and these cooperatives have no enough capital and investment, however, the attempt of cooperative in income generating was excellence. Income generating activities of the cooperatives created new hope among the members. Profit of the cooperatives showed that those cooperatives were in a right track and in future the cooperatives can be played more effective role in income generation.
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Yosua, Relansius, Achmadi Susilo, and Nugrahini Susantinah Wisnujati. "Enhancing Productivity and Welfare: The Impact of Farmer-Cooperative Partnerships in the Oil Palm Sector." Aurora: Journal of Emerging Business Paradigms 1, no. 2 (2024): 38–47. https://doi.org/10.62394/aurora.v1i2.137.

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This study investigates how palm oil farmers can enhance their productivity and welfare through strategic partnerships with cooperatives, with a focus on the Sinar Berkah Cooperative. Using a quantitative approach and employing structural equation modeling (SEM), the research examines the influence of cooperative membership, access to resources, education and training, and government support on farmers’ productivity. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources, with respondents purposefully selected from the largest farmer groups within the cooperative. Key findings highlight the significant role of resource access—such as capital, raw materials, and technology—in driving productivity improvements. The study also underscores the cooperative’s critical role in facilitating legal recognition and improving market access, helping farmers overcome business challenges. However, it reveals that current education and training initiatives, along with government support, have not yet yielded significant improvements in productivity. These findings suggest that more targeted interventions are required to fully realize the potential benefits of such partnerships. The SEM analysis provides insights into the key factors influencing the productivity and welfare of oil palm farmers, offering valuable recommendations for enhancing business outcomes through more efficient and supportive cooperative-farmer collaborations.
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Oluwatoyin Kayode, Ajoke, Sijuwade Adebukola Adebayo, Adeseye Oluwasikemi Awoyemi, and Mayowa Orimoloye. "Factores que influyen en la participación de mujeres agricultoras en las cooperativas agrícolas del estado de Ondo, Nigeria." Perspectivas Rurales Nueva Época 22, no. 43 (2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/prne.22-43.7.

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Cooperative societies provide channels for sharing of input where women farmers can pool their limited resources together to maximize agricultural output and food security in rural areas. This study, therefore, analyzed factors influencing women farmers participation in agricultural cooperatives in Ondo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the research were to describe socio-economic characteristics of women farmer’s participation in agricultural cooperative societies, determine the level of participation of women farmers in agricultural cooperatives and examine factors that motivate participation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Likert type scale, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis. The results revealed that women farmers in the study area were average aged (42.9 years) and mostly possessed tertiary education (38.3%), mean annual income (₦777,846) with farm size (0.8 hectares). The level of participation in agricultural cooperative is high (60.4%). Accessibility to loan (M. S= 3.50), getting information (M. S= 3.42) and input facility (M. S= 3.40) were top most factors that influenced participation in cooperatives among the women. At P&lt; 0.05, Age, marital status and income realized per annum were positively significant to the level of participation in cooperatives. The study recommends the timely provision of loan to enable women farmers expand the scope of their farming activities, increased access to training programs for women farmer leaders in cooperatives as well as extension education should also be intensified.
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Molla, Abateneh, Azanaw Abebe, Mulugeta Balew, Desyalew Assefa, and Senait Kehali. "Analysis of Farmer's Perception and Constraints on Dairy Cooperatives in Amhara Region, Ethiopia." International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources 5, no. 2 (2024): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i2.331.

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This study was done to examine the farmer’s perception and constraints on dairy cooperatives in Amhara region, Ethiopia. A sample of 266 smallholder dairy farmers was selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Perception of farmers was analyzed using relative importance index, and constraints of dairy cooperative performance were analyzed using Henry Garrett's ranking technique. The result indicates that farmers have a positive perception of certain attributes of dairy cooperatives; such as increasing social networks, improving income, and serving as a saving source. This suggests that farmers believe these aspects of dairy cooperatives are beneficial. Conversely, farmers have concerns and dissatisfaction with the way the cooperative is running, the loyalty of members to the cooperative, member's treatment by cooperatives, and the decision-making process. The study also identified that lack of milk processing facilities, poor member awareness, and member involvement in the decision-making process are the foremost internal challenges of dairy cooperatives, while high cost of cross-breed cows, occurrence of animal disease, and low productivity of local breed cows are external constraints hindering dairy cooperative performance. Thus, to enhance farmers' perception and participation in cooperative activities, emphasis should be given to addressing concerns and improving the overall functioning of dairy cooperatives.
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Rizaldi, Arjuna. "Strengthening Institutional Aspects of Farmers, Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur." MOVE: Journal of Community Service and Engagement 1, no. 2 (2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54408/move.v1i2.16.

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Cooperative is an institution formed with the aim of prospering members in particular and society in general. This PKM activity was carried out with the aim of raising awareness of Cipanas village farmers, Cianjur Regency to join themselves in a cooperative in order to increase the competitiveness of Cipanas village farmers in general. This activity is carried out through the formulation of a model for strengthening farmer institutions and counseling to farmers in order to raise awareness of farmers to join in forming cooperatives. The result of this activity is the growing awareness of farmers about the importance of joining a cooperative as the first step in forming a cooperative.
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Trihandoyo, Agus, Satya Arisena Hendrawan, and Putriarrum Kusuma Wardani. "Pencatatan Digital dengan Google Forms Pada Koperasi Petani di Karanganyar." Jurnal Abdimas ADPI Sains dan Teknologi 3, no. 4 (2022): 05–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47841/saintek.v3i4.261.

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In just a few decades, digital technology has revolutionized our way of life. However, its utility has not been fully exploited, particularly among farmer communities, where recordkeeping is virtually non-existent, and if it does exist, it is typically manual and susceptible to data loss. Bumi Intan Pari is an agricultural cooperative, located in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java that connects farmers to markets. The majority of the cooperative's members are organic rice farmers. This partner was selected as part of the research on the analysis of digital technology use within agricultural cooperatives to promote agriculture development. To assist them manage agriculture data recording, we provided the Cooperative’s members with training and management of Google Forms-based digital record keeping. The training emphasized digital recordkeeping for cooperatives and farmers, followed by description of Google Forms and its benefits. Then, the creation of a form relevant to farmers' daily operations. In the exercise, the participants started to create a Google email address, then a Google form. Next, the creation of questions, the selection of response types, form settings, and a preview of the completed form. This training has assisted the cooperative and its members in making their digital devices more useful for agri-business recordkeeping.
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Xuan, Le Thi Thanh, Le Hoai Kieu Giang, and Tran Huynh Trang. "Obstacles preventing farmers from participate agricultural cooperatives in Vietnam - A study employing mean-end chain theory and laddering interview approach." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 13, no. 1 (2022): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.econ.en.13.1.2179.2023.

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Vietnam is a high-populated country with more than 65% of the population doing farming jobs. This is one of the reasons explaining why farmer cooperatives have become one significant economical component in the Vietnamese economy. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of farmer cooperatives is really critical. However, the literature on farmer cooperatives in Vietnam is meager to understand the manner of its operations or promote this economical component. The system of farmer cooperatives in Vietnam has increasingly contributed to the GDP of Vietnam. In 2020, it contributed to GDP directly and indirectly at 4.8% and 30%, respectively. However, only 30% of farmer cooperatives are operating effectively; and there are many farmers who still do not want to participate in agricultural cooperatives. Hence, this study aims to explore farmers’ perceptions of agricultural cooperative characteristics preventing them from participating. The method employed to conduct this study is the mean-end chain approach and a total of 20 farmers and 02 representatives of cooperatives were interviewed by soft-laddering interview technique. The research findings show that there are 14 attributes (characteristics of a cooperative system), through 11 consequences, leading to 06 (farmers’) values. The findings can explain clearly the reasons preventing farmers from participating in agricultural cooperatives. Found (farmers’) values can help policymakers and management of cooperatives change/adjust manners to attract farmers and promote farmer cooperatives.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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Klamsom, Prānī. "Kānkǣ panhā sētthakit thī kīeokap chāonā dōi withī kānsahakō̜n nai ratchasamai Phrabāt Somdet Phra Mongkutklao Čhaoyūhūa læ Phrabāt Somdet Phra Pokklao Čhaoyūhūa." Google Book Search Library Project, 1986. http://books.google.com/books?id=HUtXAAAAMAAJ.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Chulalongkorn University, 1986.<br>In Thai; abstract also in English. Added t.p.: Cooperative measures in solving economic problems related to peasants during the reigns of King Rama VI and King Rama VII. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-126). Also issued in print.
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Flygare, Sara. "The Cooperative Challenge : Farmer Cooperation and the Politics of Agricultural Modernisation in 21st Century Uganda." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7277.

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Heimbrandt, Andreas. "Styrelsens roll och uppgifter i det lantbrukskooperativa företaget : en fallanalys /." Uppsala : Institutionen för ekonomi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/10522837.pdf.

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Smarsh, Andy. "Financial performance profile and evaluation of alternative equity management programs for farmers cooperative equity company." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2389.

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Nguyen, Tuan Kiet. "Efficiency Analysis and Experimental Study of Cooperative Behaviour of Shrimp Farmers Facing Wastewater Pollution in the Mekong River Delta." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9089.

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Shrimp farming is important to the Vietnamese economy in terms of national income, job creation and poverty alleviation. However, shrimp farming is generally technically inefficient and probably generates too much pollution. To encourage the sustainable development of the Vietnamese shrimp industry, there is a need to improve the productivity of shrimp farms and at the same time to reduce the wastewater pollution generated by shrimp farming. The thesis has two aims: (1) to estimate the efficiency of shrimp farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, with a particular focus on the productivity effects of pollution, and (2) to use experimental economics to investigate policies that could be used to mitigate the wastewater pollution impacting shrimp farms. Overall farmers are found to be inefficient, suggesting farmers are using more inputs than necessary to produce a given output level. Surprisingly, the average extensive (i.e., less capital-intensive) farm is found to be more efficient than the average intensive and semi- intensive (i.e., more capital-intensive) farms. Furthermore, downstream farms are found to be less efficient than upstream farms, suggesting that wastewater pollution influences shrimp farming productivity and results in a negative externality. Evidence from lab-based experiments suggests that the incentives provided by a monitoring and certification agency are not sufficient to promote the full cooperation of shrimp farmers to solve the wastewater pollution problem. However, full cooperation was achieved by providing farmers with an opportunity to communicate. In both cases, self-governance of shrimp farmers was found to be highly effective. The results suggest that community-based management is worthy of further investigation as a possible solution to sustainable development of the shrimp industry in Vietnam. "What we have ignored is what citizens can do and the importance of real involvement of the people involved – versus just having somebody in Washington ... make a rule." Elinor Ostrom (1933-2012)
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Misyak, Sarah A. "Farmers Market Access by Snap-eligible Mothers of Young Children: Barriers and Impact on Nutrition Education Programming for Cooperative Extension." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54587.

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Providing improved access to farmers markets and other local food outlets for low-income audiences is an increasingly popular nutrition intervention strategy to promote consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables and address obesity. The USDA encouraged more farm to fork initiatives and efforts to connect low-income populations with fresh and healthy, local foods through farmers markets through the implementation of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Nutrition Education (SNAP-Ed) provisions of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. The purpose of this research was to assess the perceived barriers to farmers market access and strategies for overcoming those barriers for low-income individuals and families participating in Cooperative Extension nutrition programming. Data collection procedures included a survey of SNAP-Ed and the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) program assistants, focus group discussions with SNAP-eligible individuals, and a photo elicitation study with mothers of young children. Results from these studies provide insight on how to structure program assistant trainings to encourage the inclusion of an optional farmers market orientation lesson in SNAP-Ed and EFNEP curricula; low-income individuals' perception of healthy food, access to and perception of local foods, benefits and barriers to shopping at farmers markets, and the impact of local foods on diet quality; and how to address perceived barriers through Cooperative Extension nutrition programming for the SNAP-Ed and ENFEP target population of SNAP-eligible mothers of young children. Working with farmers markets is an opportunity to form greater synergy between the arms of Extension (Family and Consumer Sciences, Community Viability, Agriculture and Natural Resources, and potentially 4-H) related to supporting local food systems while forming collaborative relationships with local farmers markets and community members.<br>Ph. D.
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Amoah-Boampong, Cyrelene Merrrilyne. "Contesting the State in Ghana's Cocoa Trade: The Case of the Kuapa Kokoo Farmers' Union, 1957-2004." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/312.

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In the twenty-first century, African farmers are still in the grips of economic stagnation and are being subjected to neo-liberal developmental policies such as structural adjustment and trade liberalization. However, small-scale producers have not disengaged from the state as some scholars assert like Goran Hyden. In Ghana, producers came together in the form of a farmers' union to address their economic needs not through the "economy of affection" where they relied on kinship and other forms of familial alliances but rather through networks of market-oriented economic association. One such association for agriculture producers was the Kuapa Kokoo Farmers' Union, a cocoa farmers' association. The formation of the Kuapa Kokoo Farmers' Union created a complex interaction between the state and agricultural producers. Smallholder cocoa producers, through such organizations, laid claim as actors in economic development. The state, through its historic role as financier of agricultural production, tried to find new avenues to dominate rural producers even in a post liberalized world, where the state was supposed to be withdrawing from active involvement in the economy and allowing the private sector to be the main engine of economic growth. It is within this framework of contestation that this study contends that scholars should examine the relations between state and agricultural producers, and the implications of this relationship on economic development and the marketplace. I argue that this complex interaction is not a clear situation of the "economy of affection" or the total dominance of the state but rather a complex interaction in which the state most often has the upper hand but does not suppress the ability of agricultural producers to be meaningful actors in the marketplace. Commodity farmers are not limited to the sphere of production or "exit" from the national economy but try to empower their members through fair trade practices and direct involvement in the confectionery industry in order to take control over their product and become active participants in the world market.
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Bacon, Christopher M. "Confronting the coffee crisis : Nicaraguan farmers use of cooperative, fair trade and agroecological networks to negotiate livelihoods and sustainability /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Laux, Chad Matthew. "The impacts of a formal quality management system a case study of implementing ISO 9000 at Farmers Cooperative Co., Iowa /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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Atadja, Franklin Komla. "Sustainability Challenges for Maize and Cassava Farmers in Amankwakrom Subdistrict, Ghana." Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10243184.

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<p>Agricultural system in Ghana underperformed because of limited financing, which constrained some small-scale maize and cassava farmers. The purpose of this case study design was to explore the methods that some small-scale maize and cassava farmers in Amankwakrom Subdistrict used in obtaining farm financing. Two themes from the literature review were a lack of collateral for small-scale farm financing and the small-scale farmers cooperative associations? role in farm financing. Regional-scale management sustainability index formed the conceptual framework for this study. Data collection included semistructured face-to-face interviews with 8 fluent English speaking small-scale maize and cassava farmers who have obtained farm financing in the previous years. Using the Microsoft Excel and Non-numerical unstructured data indexing and theorizing software program for data analysis method, 3 major themes emerged: the farmer?s membership benefits of working in cooperative associations; farmer?s ability to provide the collateral requirements for the financial institutions; and farmer?s good loan repayment history. The study findings indicated that some small-scale maize and cassava farmers obtained farm loans because they used the cooperative associations as their collateral assets in order to satisfy for the requirements of the financial institutions. Social implications include the potential to guide the small-scale maize and cassava farmers to access farm credits to use in expanding their farm sizes. Expansion in farm sizes may result in more maize and cassava production that can help eliminate hunger and reduce poverty in the Amankwakrom Subdistrict of Ghana.
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Books on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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Hakelius, Karin. Cooperative values: Farmers' cooperatives in the minds of the farmers. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Economics, 1996.

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L, Rotan Beverly, and United States. Agricultural Cooperative Service., eds. Farmer cooperatives: Cash grain farmers, members, and use. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1991.

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Rasmussen, Wayne David. Farmers, cooperatives, and USDA: A history of Agricultural Cooperative Service. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1991.

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Wright, Caralyne E. 75 years with Farmers RECC: Farmers Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation, 1938-2013. Donning Company Publishers, 2013.

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United States. Dept. of Agriculture, ed. Farmers, cooperatives, and USDA: A history of Agricultural Cooperative Service. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1991.

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Richardson, Ralph M. Farmer cooperative statistics, 1984. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1985.

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Hartley, Marcus L. Are farm supply cooperatives meeting farmer needs?: A survey of farmers and managers. Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1989.

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Hamlett, Cathy A. Dairy farmers' valuation of cooperative market security. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1991.

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M, Carley Dale, Ling K. Charles, and United States. Agricultural Cooperative Service., eds. Southern dairy farmers' evaluation of milk handlers. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1991.

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Shah, Tushaar. Making farmers' co-operatives work: Design, governance, and management. Sage Publications, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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Paltaki, Aikaterini, and Anastasios Michailidis. "Social Leadership: Community management online/offline, Dissemination of the manager concept, Rules for pitching and public speaking how to approach farmers." In Manuali – Scienze Tecnologiche. Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.42.

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Agricultural extension is the application of scientific knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education including rules for pitching and public speaking how to approach farmers. In this course three main objectives will be presented: a) communication with farmers, b) social leadership in rural areas and c) cooperative actions and leading agricultural units. In the first objective will be included the communication theory, model, channels &amp; extension methods. In the second objective will be included the typology of opinion leaders, who to define them and how to take advantage of their leadership. Finally, in the third objective will be included the importance of cooperative actions and units and a study case on how to lead an agricultural association /cooperation.
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Svendsen, Søren Vincents. "Lock-In of Farmers in Agricultural Cooperatives." In Vertical Markets and Cooperative Hierarchies. Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5543-0_7.

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Gonzalez, Raquel Ajates. "Consolidation of the agricultural cooperative sector." In Farmers’ Cooperatives and Sustainable Food Systems in Europe. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351216302-7.

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Njagi, Timothy, and Yukichi Mano. "Toward a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa: Farm Mechanization in the Mwea Irrigation Scheme." In Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_5.

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AbstractGovernments in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have made concerted efforts to improve farmers’ adoption of modern technologies in their farm operations to realize a rice Green Revolution, improve food security, and alleviate poverty. However, smallholder farmers’ access to farm mechanization in SSA remains constrained due to supply-side and demand-side challenges. On the supply side, the market for agricultural machinery services is often underdeveloped. On the demand side, the smallholders with inadequate knowledge of improved rice cultivation practices have limited demand for mechanized services despite increasing wage rates. This study analyzes the mechanization process of rice farmers in the Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. The Mwea Irrigation Scheme is the most advanced rice production area in SSA, with farmers familiar with improved rice cultivation practices, well-functioning input credit markets, and millers adopting modern milling technologies, enabling local rice to compete with imported Asian rice. Analyzing original data collected in 2011, 2016, and 2018, we found that most farmers in Mwea implemented rotavation using tractor services provided by farmers’ cooperatives, while they implemented leveling using draft animals. Non-cooperative members reduced tractor use and adopted draft animals to implement both harrowing and leveling, implying the importance of a well-developed mechanization service market.
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Chen, Aijuan, and Steffanie Scott. "The farmers’ cooperative model in China’s ecological agriculture sector." In Organic Food and Farming in China. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203701706-4.

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Sako, Dramane, Mamary Traoré, Folocoum Doumbia, Fodé Diallo, Moussa Fané, and Issoufou Kapran. "Kolokani Groundnut Innovation Platform Activities and Achievements Through TL III Project in Mali." In Enhancing Smallholder Farmers' Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties Through Multi-stakeholder Platforms. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8014-7_4.

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AbstractGroundnut productions have been declining in Mali in spite of several new improved varieties being released, the key problem being inadequacy of the seed supply system. To solve this problem, Kolokani MSP was established in 2012 and reorganized with support from TL III in 2015 to include more stakeholders in the groundnut value chain—farmers particularly women, farmer associations, cooperative societies, seed producers, agro-dealers, grain traders, processors, research and extension. Four new varieties Fleur11, ICGV 86124, ICGV 86015, and ICGV 86024 were supplied to the platform for FPVS and among them two, Fleur 11 and ICGV 86124 were preferred for their high yields and large grain size under farmer conditions. Through training of trainers, the different members of the platform reached 1246 farmers among them 928 women with improved groundnut seed production, aflatoxin management, seed business plans, and small-scale mechanization. A total 47 FPVS, 50 Demonstrations, and three multi-locational variety trials were conducted annually from 2016 to 2018. Kolokani platform have played an important role in groundnut value chain by producing and marketing 85 tons groundnut certified seed of these varieties annually for farmers. This is expected to stop the national productivity decline while improving platform members’ livelihoods and nutrition status.
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Viavattene, Christophe, Simon McCarthy, Colin Green, and Joanna Pardoe. "Cooperative Agreements Between Water Supply Companies and Farmers in Dorset (E)." In Use of Economic Instruments in Water Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18287-2_23.

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Shibru Abate, Dagne, and Hanna Getachew Amare. "The activities, benefits, and challenges of Awada women's self-help groups in empowering women in Sidama region, southern Ethiopia." In Saving and Being Safe Away from Home. transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839471272-006.

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In Ethiopia, there are several types of indigenous rotating savings and cooperative associations. These indigenous associa-tions help members to save fundamental resources like money, labour, and time. Among the inhabitants of central Ethiopia, the Mareko and the Arsi-Oromo have indigenous rotating savings and cooperative institutions known as wijjo and kochoo. Wijjo is a type of indigenous rotating savings association established by neighbouring village women, with the aim of saving milk their cattle produced daily. Kochoo is a type of men's savings and cooperation association. Farmers set up this type of association so its members can take turns taking care of the cattle. For the Mareko and the Arsi-Oromo in Adami-Tulu Gido-Kombolcha, wijjo and kochoo associations are guardians of their resources. This paper assesses the role that both institu-tions play in the social and economic development of the study area.
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Tesfaye Getachew, Yohannes, and Zelalem Mulatu Demu. "Wijjo and kochoo." In Saving and Being Safe Away from Home. transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839471272-005.

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In Ethiopia, there are several types of indigenous rotating savings and cooperative associations. These indigenous associa-tions help members to save fundamental resources like money, labour, and time. Among the inhabitants of central Ethiopia, the Mareko and the Arsi-Oromo have indigenous rotating savings and cooperative institutions known as wijjo and kochoo. Wijjo is a type of indigenous rotating savings association established by neighbouring village women, with the aim of saving milk their cattle produced daily. Kochoo is a type of men's savings and cooperation association. Farmers set up this type of association so its members can take turns taking care of the cattle. For the Mareko and the Arsi-Oromo in Adami-Tulu Gido-Kombolcha, wijjo and kochoo associations are guardians of their resources. This paper assesses the role that both institu-tions play in the social and economic development of the study area.
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Sariah, John E., and Frank Mmbando. "What drives small-scale farmers to adopt conservation agriculture practices in Tanzania?" In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0017.

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Abstract Conservation Agriculture (CA)-based Sustainable Intensification (CASI) practices in this study comprised minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, intercropping of maize and legumes, and use of improved crop genotypes and fertilizers, and were tested on-farm in different agroecologies in northern and eastern Tanzania. The results for six consecutive years of study indicate increased adoption of CASI practices compared to the baseline year (2010). The major impacts of these practices were reduced production costs, labour savings and overall increased crop and land productivity. The average area allocated to improved maize-legume (ML) intercrop rose during the project period by 5.28 ha per household, of which 15% was under complete CASI practices. Adoption trends show that, on average, 6.5% of adopters across the study and spillover communities started adoption in the 2nd year and about 14% of farmers adopted the practices over the next 3-5 years. Demographic and human capital (family size, education, age and farming experience), on-farm CASI demonstrations, farmer to farmer exchange visits, social capital (farmers' group or a cooperative), access to input and output markets (improved seeds, herbicides, fertilizers, insecticides and equipment) and food security were found to have positive and significant effects on adoption of a range of CASI practices. These results suggest continued and long-term efforts in investments in demonstrations, institutionalizing CASI practices in NARS, and good links to input and output markets, including appropriate machinery, are necessary to achieve sustained adoption.
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Conference papers on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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WANG, HUCHENG, and WEILIN YANG. "DOES JOINING A FARMER'S PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVE INCREASE THE WELFARE OF FARMERS?—BASED ON THE EVIDENCE OF FARMERS IN SOUTHWEST CHINA." In 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED EDUCATION AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (AEIM 2021). Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/aeim2021/35990.

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Abstract. Based on field survey data of 1448 households in 50 villages in Q area, this paper uses the endogenous transformation regression model (ESRM) to analyze the impact of farmers joining professional cooperatives on family welfare under counterfactual scenarios, and further examines its mechanism of action. The study found that: (1) Farmers’ participation in professional cooperatives produces spillover effects and promotes the increase of farmers’ welfare; (2) The welfare effects of joining farmers’ professional cooperatives are also related to the differences in the farmers’ own family endowments, with higher family knowledge and cultural levels and more labor, Farmers with a large number of migrant workers have higher welfare effects of participating in cooperatives, otherwise the welfare effects will be lower; (3) The number of patients in farm households, the number of farmers, the size of the family, the number of elderly people, whether to borrow money, education level, etc. Factors have a significant role in promoting the participation of farmers in the decision-making of farmers' professional cooperatives, while factors such as the number of laborers, the number of workers, and age have a significant inhibitory effect on farmers' participation in the decision-making of farmers' professional cooperatives; (4) The increase in the number of workers, the number of farmers and the decline in the number of laborers indicate The efficiency of cooperatives in this area is low, and there are unnecessary losses; therefore, farmers should be encouraged to participate in cooperative operations.
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Ogunyemi, Oluwole I. (PhD). "Effect of Poultry Farmers’ Socioeconomic Features on Selected Production Limiting Factors in Southwest Nigeria." In Advances in Multidisciplinary and Scientific Research Journal Publication. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams/lasustech2022v30p6.

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Poultry farmers are faced with many problems that reduce their capacity utilisation. The challenges have made a lot of poultry entrepreneurs to leave the business compellingly. Many interventions have been applied to solve production problems of the poultry farmers but they have not given the desired results. Also, literatures on poultry production in Nigeria are many and growing focusing mainly on production, economic and marketing research questions. Few have linked the socio-economic factors of poultry farmers with production management and challenges. The research, therefore, analysed the effects of socio-economic characteristics of poultry farmers on selected problems of poultry farming. Two-stage sampling procedure was adopted. At the first stage, three states: Ekiti, Lagos and Ondo were purposefully selected and at the second stage, simple random sampling was used to select 320 poultry farmers in the three states out of which 307 were successful for analysis. Data were collected on 10 socio-economic characteristics and 5 production problems: adverse effect of climate change, disease incidence, high cost of transportation, high feeds cost and high cost of drugs. Frequency distribution, percentage and Probit model were used to analyse data. 76.55%, 63.84%, 68.73% and 67.10% of the farmers were male, married, into farming as main occupation and belonged to cooperative in that order. Poultry farmers using battery cage system have higher likelihood, 0.497, of facing adverse effect of climate change than the farmers using deep litter system while those in Ekiti State have lower likelihood (-0.506) of facing the problem of climate change than those in Ondo and Lagos States. The likelihood of having disease incidence declines with membership of cooperative and increase in years of experience among the poultry farmers with the coefficients of -0.705 and -0.035 respectively. Poultry farmers that are members of cooperative are less likely to have high transportation cost and high cost of feeds as problems from the coefficients of -0.525 and -0.726 correspondingly. Though the probability of having high cost of drugs as production problem increases with age of farmers, older farmers are less likely to have the problem and farmers that have poultry production as main occupation have higher probability of having high cost of drugs than those that are into poultry farming as secondary occupation with the coefficients of 0.156, -0.002 and 0.402 respectively. The study recommends that deep litter system of production should be encouraged among poultry farmers to reduce the adverse effects of climate change. Cooperative membership should be encouraged among the poultry farmers to reduce transportation cost and disease incidence on farms. Also, poultry drug related assistance should be given to the farmers that engage in the enterprise as main occupation which demands the identification of poultry farmers that are into the enterprise as main occupation. Key words: Climate change, Cost of feeds, Cost of drug, Cost of transportation, Poultry farmer, Southwest Nigeria
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Zvirbule, Andra, Anita Auzina, Gunta Grinberga-Zalite, and Diana Liva. "ORGANIC GRAIN PRODUCTION OPPORTUNITIES IN LATVIA BY USING THE MOST APPROPRIATE COOPERATION MODEL." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s21.079.

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The most significant challenges of organic farming are the fragmentation of the sector, unstable product supply and sales opportunities, as well as the lack of knowledge of how to manage agricultural production agronomically and economically effective. The predominant form of agricultural enterprises in Latvia is small and medium-sized farms. Thus, cooperation is an effective solution so that farmers can maintain the form of a family business and achieve an appropriate economic market, which would contribute to the possibility of sales and the value of the products produced. However, there are no fully organic and eligible grain cooperatives in Latvia in 2021. The research aim: to analyse factors affecting the needs of organic grain production through various alternatives to cooperation models. To achieve the aim, the following research methods were employed: logical construction, the graphical method, the monographic method, expert interviewing and factor ranking analysis. The research concluded that the factors influencing organic grain producer needs were most effectively implemented through the fully organic grain cooperative form � the normal distribution was 40.32. The weakest form of cooperation that provided opportunities for the development of organic grain production was mixed-type cooperatives, which combined both organic and conventional agricultural production. The normal distribution for mixed-type cooperatives was 25.00. The development of organic farming could be promoted by cooperation between organic producers. An organic single-product cooperative directly addresses the needs of organic producers � merging small and medium farms and providing appropriate infrastructure �, thus contributing to production consolidation and competitiveness.
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Carlson, Jeffery L., and Pete W. Jensen. "Environmental mass balance at Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative." In 33rd Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2005.74.

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Hamdani, Nizar Alam, Nurbudiwati, Eti Kusmiati, and Wahyuningsih. "Community Empowerment for Salt Farmers Through Cooperative Institutions." In Brawijaya International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences and Technology (BICMST 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201021.024.

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Ikhsan, M., D. Rukmana, IM Fahmid, and AN Tenriawaru. "IMPACT OF ESTABLISHING A FARMER COOPERATIVE TO REACH THE WELFARE OF FARMERS IN INDONESIA." In International Conference on Agriculture. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/26827018.2023.7201.

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Pagria, Ina, and Anjeza Bekolli. "Promoting Cooperation: Factors Affecting Profit Sharing Among Farmers and Cold Stores in Albania." In 8th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2024 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31410/eman.2024.89.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze some of the factors that in­fluence the agreement of the members in the distribution of the profits that come as a result of the cooperation. The linear regression model is used as a statistical model. In the study, two links in the supply chain were identified: the farmers who produce the product and the cold stores (refrigerated ware­houses) who buy it. This study was done in Albania, one of the most popu­lar areas for the production and cultivation of apple products, in the area of Korca. There exist two moments of cooperation, one between refrigerat­ed warehouses, which can combine joint orders to benefit from reductions in the purchase cost and the other between the farmers themselves. At the end of the study, it is noticed that the agreement of the members in the di­vision of the profit depends on the importance they attach to maximization of the personal profit, the members’ equal distribution, the main contribu­tor, and the higher risk taker. As one of the most useful mathematical mod­els for dividing the result between the members of a cooperative situation, the authors suggest the application of the cooperative game theory model.
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Samaraweera, Upasiri, Jeffery L. Carlson, and Ken A. Kubat. "Efficiency Improvements at the Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative process laboratory." In 33rd Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2005.68.

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Thilmony, Parker J. "Steam drying of pressed pulp at Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative." In 33rd Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2005.91.

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"Vermiculture technology on small dairy farms of Nongpho Dairy Cooperative." In Sustainable resource management of livestock and poultry wastes for Asian small-scale farmers. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, 2011. https://doi.org/10.56669/abdy1189.

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Reports on the topic "Farmers' Cooperative"

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Finkelstain, Israel, Steven Buccola, and Ziv Bar-Shira. Pooling and Pricing Schemes for Marketing Agricultural Products. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568099.bard.

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In recent years there has been a growing concern over the performance of Israel and U.S. agricultural marketing organizations. In Israel, poor performance of some marketing institutions has led to radical reforms. Examples are the two leading export industries - citrus and flowers. In the U.S., growth of local market power is eliminating competitive row product prices which served as the basis for farmer cooperative payment plans. This research studies, theoretically, several aspects of the above problem and develops empirical methods to assess their relative importance. The theoretical part deals with two related aspects of the operation of processing and marketing firms. The first is the technological structure of these firms. To this end, we formalize a detailed theory that describes the production process itself and the firm's decision. The model accounts for multiple products and product characteristics. The usefulness of the theory for measurement of productivity and pricing of raw material is demonstrated. The second aspect of the processing and marketing firm that we study is unique to the agricultural sector, where many such firms are cooperatives. In such cooperative an efficient and fair mechanism for purchasing raw materials from members is crucial to successful performances of the firm. We focus on: 1) pricing of raw materials. 2) comparison of employment of quota and price regimes by the cooperative to regulate the quantities, supplied by members. We take into consideration that the cooperative management is subject to pressure from member farmers. 3) Tier pricing for raw materials in order to ensure efficiency and zero profits at the cooperative level. This problem is examined in both closed and open cooperatives. The empirical part focuses in: 1) the development of methodologies for estimating demand for differentiated products; 2) assessing farmers response to component pricing; 3) measurement of potential and actual exploitation of market power by an agricultural marketing firm. The usefulness of the developed methodologies are demonstrated by several application to agricultural sub-sectors, including: U.S. dairy industry, Oregon wine industry, Israeli Cotton industry and Israeli Citrus industry.
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Emery, David. Using the Community Capitals Framework to design a process for a cooperative to create prosperous farmers in Cambodia. Iowa State University, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1569.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Does cooperative membership improve household welfare? Evidence from a panel data analysis of smallholder dairy farmers in Bihar, India. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1020502878.

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Chimombo, Masautso, Mirriam Matita, Loveness Mgalamadzi, et al. Interrogating the Effectiveness of Farmer Producer Organisations in Enhancing Smallholder Commercialisation – Frontline Experiences From Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.004.

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Many years of significant investment into the production and adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies and practices in agriculture have not yielded the desired results. Most smallholder farmers in Africa remain trapped in poverty. Having realised that addressing production challenges alone is not enough to impact the lives of poor smallholder farmers, resources and attention have now shifted to the marketing side of agriculture. Organising farmers into farmer producer organisations (FPOs), like clubs, associations and cooperatives, has been one of the strategies aimed at commercialising smallholder agriculture. In Malawi, smallholder farmers have been organised into FPOs of various types and sizes. This qualitative study interrogated the effectiveness of FPOs in Malawi in meeting their objectives, including the objective of enhancing commercialisation of smallholder farmers through increased access to farm inputs, markets, and agricultural extension and advisory services.
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Liera, Carla, Mónica García, Kim Andersson, and Elisabeth Kvarnström. Combining sewered and non-sewered sanitation in Montero, Bolivia: scaling up sustainably. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.007.

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The city of Montero, through the cooperative utility COSMOL, has successfully implemented on-site sanitation services for part of its population, in parallel to sewer-based services. However, additional solutions, capacity development and strengthening of governance systems are needed to allow for increased sustainability, for both the sewered and non-sewered sanitation services in the city. Technical improvements are still needed in wastewater and excreta management and treatment, to reduce health and environmental impacts. However, optimizing the existing sanitation systems could increase environmental, health and hygiene sustainability. Urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) have the potential to reduce environmental impact the most, once optimized and if urine and faeces are collected and treated for reuse. Local farmers have expressed demand for sanitation reuse products, as long as low price and quality can be guaranteed. From a household perspective, demand exists for high levels of service and maintenance by providers, no matter the type of system, to ensure simple maintenance by users. But the sanitation system still needs to be affordable, match cleanliness expectations, and remain free of odours, mosquitos and rodents. Upscaling on-site sanitation systems depends strongly on the support of the public institutions and resources available, including legal, economic and technical resources, as well as having a long-term vision.
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Kiarie, Wanjiku, Prithika Mohan, Daniel Mogere, Wairimu Muthike, Zeena Oberoi, and Laura Schun. Can cultural understanding, strong relational values, and effective communication, create stronger, longer lasting, strategic alliances in agribusiness? Busara, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62372/fpre5689.

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Strengthening strategic alliances between smallholder farmers and agribusiness by emphasizing cultural understanding, strong relational values and effective communication. In which we scanned the prevailing collaboration landscape in agriculture in East Africa, understanding cooperation strategies through a review of existing literature and key informant interviews to create a framework that guides partners on the ground by incorporating essential elements such as cultural understanding, strong relational values, and effective communication.
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Gurung, M. B., Uma Pratap, N. C. T. D. Shrestha, H. K. Sharma, N. Islam, and N. B. Tamang. Beekeeping Training for Farmers in Afghanistan: Resource Manual for Trainers [in Urdu]. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.564.

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Beekeeping contributes to rural development by supporting agricultural production through pollination and by providing honey, wax, and other products for home use and sale. It offers a good way for resource-poor farmers in the Hindu Kush Himalayas to obtain income, as it requires only a small start-up investment, can be carried out in a small space close to the home, and generally yields profits within a year of operation. A modern approach to bee management, using frame hives and focusing on high quality, will help farmers benefit most fully from beekeeping. This manual is designed to help provide beekeepers with the up-to-date training they need. It presents an inclusive curriculum developed through ICIMOD’s work with partner organizations in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, supported by the Austrian Development Agency. A wide range of stakeholders – trainers, trainees, government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), associations and federations, and private entrepreneurs – were engaged in the identification of curriculum needs and in development and testing of the curriculum. The manual covers the full range of beekeeping-related topics, including the use of bees for crop pollination; production of honey, wax and other hive products; honey quality standards; and using value chain and market management to increase beekeepers’ benefits. It also includes emerging issues and innovations regarding such subjects as indigenous honeybees, gender and equity, integrated pest management, and bee-related policy. The focus is on participatory hands-on training, with clear explanations in simple language and many illustrations. The manual provides a basic resource for trainers and field extension workers in government and NGOs, universities, vocational training institutes, and private sector organizations, and for local trainers in beekeeping groups, beekeeping resource centres, cooperatives, and associations, for use in training Himalayan farmers. Individual ICIMOD regional member countries are planning local language editions adapted for their countries’ specific conditions.
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Raitzer, David A., and Odbayar Batmunkh. Impact Evaluation of Support to Collective Action for Agricultural Value Chain Development in Nepal. Asian Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220137-2.

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This study examines different forms of support for smallholders provided through farmers’ groups and cooperatives in Nepal. It finds that multidimensional support involving productive assets and training is especially effective. The results indicate that support for marketing is another particularly effective form of support. Of individual support elements, the study finds that training has the most substantial and significant effects and is crucial to the effectiveness of other measures. More focus on training and less on inputs alone would increase the impact of support for smallholders.
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Helwig, Karin, Olga Biosca, Emanuella Christensen, Michael Mikulewicz, Patrick Mugiraneza, and Liberata Mukamana. Climate Resilience Through Microfinance: Insights from Rwanda. Glasgow Caledonian University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59019/ivkp2328.

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Research Topic: Smallholder farmers are highly sensitive to climate change impacts and often have limited means of recovering from or adapting to these. In Rwanda, microfinance products directed at farmers, available through farming or financial cooperatives, have mainly comprised of loans of seed and fertiliser, aimed at increasing yield but not specifically at increasing climate resilience. This project investigated farmers’ experiences with climate change and mitigation; vulnerabilities and exclusions; reverberations of rural climate change impacts in the urban areas of Kigali; opportunities for microfinance institutions (MFIs) to support climate adaptation beyond current products, and possibilities for widening access to climate-resilient solutions through financial inclusion for lower income and more vulnerable groups. Methods: Interviews (n=30), surveys (n=270), participatory mapping (n=3) and transect walks (n=3) were conducted with smallholder farmers (n=30) in three rural districts of Rwanda: Gisagara, Musanze and Ngoma. Participants were selected through initial contacts identified by Urwego Bank, the local MFI partner of Opportunity International, who funded this research project. Additional interviews were held with agricultural loans officers. Furthermore, 10 interviews were conducted with traders in agricultural produce in Kigali district. Finally, e-interviews (n=11) were held with stakeholders working in the field of financial inclusion, agriculture, development and climate change in Rwanda, to consider the way forward for microfinance as a tool for climate adaptation. The three rural districts comprise a range of climate vulnerabilities, in terms of the population’s income and age, infrastructure, agricultural sensitivity, and weather patterns.
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Moriarty, Patrick J. Array Effects in Large Wind Farms: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-15-590. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1495386.

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