Academic literature on the topic 'Farmers' guild'
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Journal articles on the topic "Farmers' guild"
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A.G., Dharmesha. "THE ROLE OF WEEKLY FAIRS IN DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE DURING VIJAYANAGARA PERIOD." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 46–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7560925.
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<em>An attempt is made in this article to explain about “The Role of Santhes or Weekly Fairs in Development of Trade During Vijayanagara Perioed” Now we shall examine the role of santhe or weekly fairs and bazaars as an agency in the development of informal trade. These wandering merchants often sold their goods either at the weekly fairs or to the bazaar men – e.g. “The Vira Banajigas met on Friday, holding the Friday’s market in that town.” A fair is the coming together of a large number of buyers and sellers in a definite place and at a definite time. It was an important centre of business. The towns at which fairs were held had to provide the merchants and other visitors with conveniences such as good roads, plenty of water – we often read such statements as this; a watershed was established in the santhe a market place; and security from robbers was provided. These fairs were sometimes managed by the local merchant-guild, and its president pattanaswamy. To provide for the expenses, small duties were imposed in kind or each on goods entering or in some cases only on goods sold and bought and these duties were gladly paid by the merchants, e.g. the tolls in the fair in the village Ganganatha, Mysore, were paid to Ballagavunda who established the fair; such payments were called ‘Santheya-Sunka’. Establishing such fairs was considered as meritorious as constructing a new tank or building a temple. Farmers and merchants uniting gave lands and certain dues as rewards for such work and also as a provision for further expenses. Occasionally a piece of land was given to the head of the guild that he might establish such a fair. The market place is called Pete, Santhe, or Santhepete. The mention of santhe and the establishment of a watershed in the market place, shows that the place was set a part for the fair and intended to be permanent.</em>
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Leslie, Alan W., Scott R. McCluen, and Cerruti R. R. Hooks. "Impact of Post-Harvest Management Practices in Corn (Zea mays L.) Fields on Arthropods in Subsequent Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) Plantings." Insects 14, no. 1 (2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010093.
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There is increased adoption of cover cropping and conservation tillage in the USA. Many farmers view these practices as methods for improving their soils. However, different cover cropping and tillage practices conducted post-harvest can have a disparate impact on arthropods within the subsequent cash crop. Field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 at two experimental sites to examine the influences of different post-harvest practices following corn (Zea mays L.) harvest on pests and beneficials in subsequent soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plantings. Experimental treatments included: (1) tillage via chisel plow (CP), (2) no-tillage in which corn residue/stubble remained on the soil surface (CS), and (3) planting a cover crop into corn residue (CC) following corn harvest. Overall, insect herbivore abundance was greater in the CP treatment. Foliar predator numbers were similar among treatments or of greater abundance in CP. The activity density of epigeal insect predators varied according to site and feeding guild. However, spider activity density was greatest in CP. Stink bug egg mortality due to predation and parasitism varied among treatments. However, the percentage of stink bug eggs that hatched was greatest in the CC during both years. Findings suggest that post-harvest practices investigated during this study will have a similar influence on most epigeal and foliar arthropods in soybean.
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Afanador, Germán. "Plan Estratégico de Modernización Tecnológica de la Ganadería Colombiana." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 1, no. 1 (1996): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol1_num1_art:153.
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<p>El Plan de Modernización Tecnológica de la Ganadería Colombiana es el resultado de la concertación entre los productores ganaderos a través de su gremio cúpula, FEDEGAN y de gremios y productores regionales el Gobierno Nacional a través del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, el Departamento Nacional de Planeación, COLCIENCIAS y CORPOICA y expresa una nueva manera de concebir la innovación tecnológica agropecuaria. Por otra parte, como instrumento de gestión tecnológica promueve el cierre de la brecha tradicional entre la investigación y la adopción de tecnología a través de un mayor contacto y relación interactiva entre investigadores y productores a través de escenarios tecnológicos que reflejan primero, el análisis de la problemática de los sistemas de producción ganaderos predominantes en áreas como: la estacionalidad de la producción de forrajes, el uso inapropiado del recurso genético, los bajos planos nutricionales y de alimentación animal, la degradación de praderas, los problemas de salud animal, la baja calidad de los productos e ineficiencia en los procesos de transformación y de gestión empresarial y segundo una estrategia de acción específica en: fincas, empresas ganaderas, centros de investigación y microrregiones.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Strategic Technology Modernization Plan of Livestock Colombiana</strong></p><p>Technological Modernization Plan of Livestock Colombiana is the result of consultation between livestock producers through its dome guild , guilds FEDEGAN and regional producers and the Government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Department of planning and CORPOICA COLCIENCIAS and expresses a new way of thinking about agricultural technology innovation . Moreover, as technology management tool promotes closing the traditional gap between research and technology adoption through greater contact and interactive relationship between researchers and farmers through technological scenarios that reflect first analysis problems of livestock production systems prevalent in areas such as the seasonality of forage production , inappropriate use of genetic resources , low nutrition and feed levels , degradation of grasslands, animal health problems , low quality products and inefficiency in processing and business management and strategy second specific action : farms , livestock enterprises , research centers and micro.</p>
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McNally, Dennis G. "Maurice Mason – farmer, plant hunter and friend to the National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 19 (January 19, 2021): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2020.303.
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Maurice Mason is well documented as an accomplished amateur horticulturist and plant collector. His contributions to horticulture were recognised by his guest attendance at the Kew Guild Annual Dinner in 1960 and the award of the Royal Horticultural Society’s Victoria Medal of Honour in the same year. He was generous in sharing his plant collections, and this generosity extended to Ireland. His less well-known contribution to Irish horticulture through the National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin is outlined here.
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Fukuda, Kaoru. "The Morality of Livestock Farming." Society & Animals 24, no. 1 (2016): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341385.
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This article describes how livestock farmers respond to moral enquiries about their means of livelihood, by referring to ethnographic data collected in the Scottish Borders. The focus is on three controversial aspects of livestock farming: welfare issues of intensive farming methods, guilt about depriving nonhuman animals of their lives for food, and the moral dilemma of breeding and rearing animals merely to be killed. There was a feeling of uneasiness among farmers about sending the animals they looked after to the slaughterhouse. This, however, was rationalized with the recognition that livestock were bred and reared to be eaten in the first place. By examining farmers’ utterances, it is suggested that livestock farmers are conditioned to consider their vocation as a part of the social system, over which they have little control.
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Stoyanov, Ivan, Veneta Tabakova-Komsalova, Asya Stoyanova-Doycheva, Stanimir Stoyanov, and Emil Doychev. "Integration of Software Platforms Based on Secondary Air Quality Standards." BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 16, no. 2 (2025): 390. https://doi.org/10.70594/brain/16.2/28.
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<span id="docs-internal-guid-20e811fc-7fff-542f-7153-76ec380422bc"><span> </span><span>This paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated software platform that connects air quality monitoring systems with smart agriculture tools, with a focus on secondary air quality standards. The study investigates the correlation between air pollution and the development of tomato crops in the Plovdiv region of Bulgaria. The system integrates two intelligent agents: Air Agent, responsible for analysing real-time pollutant data, and Farmer Agent, which monitors the vegetation dynamics of tomato plants. Experimental results from the 2023 growing season indicate that elevated concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 during critical growth stages significantly inhibited both plant height and stem development. The proposed platform utilises ontologies, asynchronous communication protocols, and data analytics to provide actionable insights for farmers and to support the practical application of environmental standards in agriculture. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating secondary air quality considerations into agricultural decision-making and environmental policy.</span></span>
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Kahuthia-Gathu, Ruth, Brigitte Nyambo, and Sevgan Subramanian. "Impact of introduced parasitoid Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its parasitoid guild on kale in semi-arid areas in Kenya." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 37, no. 03 (2017): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758417000091.
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AbstractCotesia vestaliswas introduced into Kenya from South Africa in March 2003 for biological control ofPlutella xylostellawith initial release in 2004. To confirm establishment, the rate of spread beyond the release sites and parasitism rates byC. vestaliswere assessed between October 2011 and April 2012 in eastern and southeastern Kenya (Kitui, Mwingi/Yatta and Loitokitok areas). Monthly observations on kale infestation by diamondback moth, damage scores, parasitism and parasitoid guild were undertaken on 20 randomly selected plants in farmer-managed kale farms. Sampled larval and pupal stages were placed in containers and taken to the laboratory for parasitoid emergence. The infestation levels ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 DBM per plant, while damage scores ranged from 1.2 to 1.6, which correlated with the infestation levels.Cotesia vestaliswas not only the most abundant parasitoid, but it had also spread to new areas from the release sites. In December, the three sites recorded an average of 50% fromC. vestalis. Excluding the exotic parasitoidsC.vestalisandD. semiclausum, indigenous parasitoids accounted for less than 5% total parasitism. The parasitoid guild of the diamondback moth varied between months and study sites with January recording the highest species diversity and evenness of 1.15 and 0.63, 1.28 and 0.80, 1.08 and 0.47 in Loitokitok, Kitui and Mwingi/Matuu, respectively. Therefore,C.vestalishad an impact on the management of the DBM with parasitism rate of 35% to 88% and had spread beyond the release sites.
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ANZOUMANA, Lassinan Ouattara, Abou OUATTARA, Tidiane KAMAGATE, and Adama COULIBALY. "In vivo therapeutic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. et Perr. in Salmonellosis induced in broiler chicks." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 14, no. 8 (2024): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i8.6752.
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Salmonella are bacteria that cause numerous illnesses in humans and animals. In poultry farming, they cause major economic losses for farmers. In fact, during the poultry production cycle, poultry are frequently infected by Salmonella and are exposed to oxidative stress. To deal with these problems, farmers use antibiotics. Unfortunately, overuse of these molecules has led to resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of the leaves from Anogeissus leiocarpus in Salmonellosis induced in broiler chicks. For the experimental study, 4 batches of 25 broiler chicks each were produced, including : - Batch 1 : uncontaminated chicks not treated with plant extract (NC-NT). - Batch 2 : chicks contaminated and not treated with plant extract (C-NT). - Batch 3 : chicks contaminated and treated with plant extract (C-T. extr). -Batch 4 : chicks contaminated and treated only with a standard antibiotic, oxytetracycline (C-T.OTC). The aqueous extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus gave the best results compared with oxytetracycline. These include the significant improvement in average weight gain and biomarkers of oxidative stress. The results obtained from this study show that the aqueous extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry farming. Keywords : Anogeissus leiocarpus, Extracts, Salmonella typhimurium, therapeutic activity.
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smail, Rumadan, Pambudi Teguh Pri, Husin Umar, et al. "Legal Protection of Farmers' Rights Regarding the Conversion of Agricultural Land Functions for Non-Agricultural Investment Purposes in Indonesia." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 05, no. 12 (2022): 5391–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7393679.
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The aim of this study is to analyze the basic considerations of judges in deciding to acquit perpetrators of fraud or embezzlement (Case Study of Suoharjo District Court Decision Number: 194/Pid.B/2021/PN.Skh.). This research uses a normative juridical method. Normative legal research is studied based on rules or norms which are the basis for behaving according to the rules that apply in society which are considered appropriate and appropriate in the national legal system. That the basis for the judge's consideration was to acquit the perpetrators of the crime of fraud or embezzlement (Case Study of Sukoharjo District Court Decision Number: 194/Pid.B/2021/PN. Skh) is based on the provisions of Article 191 paragraph 1 which reads "If the court is of the opinion that from the results of the examination at the trial court the guilt of the actions charged against him has not been legally and convincingly proven, then he is acquitted". Where the subjective and objective elements in the Prosecutor's Indictment in Articles 378 or 372 are not legally and convincingly proven. Based on the provisions of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1, the case against the perpetrator should have been suspended, given the fact that there was an agreement that became the realm of civil law.
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Ouattara, Anzoumana Lassinan, Ouattara Abou, Dominique Konan Tano, and Akissi Jeanne Koffi. "Phenolic Compound Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Leaves of Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae), a Plant Used in the North of Côte d'Ivoire for the Traditional Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Broiler Chickens." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 33, no. 4 (2024): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2024/v33i4869.
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Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae) (DC.) Guill. & Perr. is a plant found in West Africa, from Senegal to Cameroon and extending to Ethiopia and East Africa. In the north of Côte d’Ivoire, this plant is commonly used by livestock farmers to treat various pathologies, including digestive and gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic compound content and antioxidant properties of 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus’ leaves. Phenolic compound contents were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activities were assessed using ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests. The 70% hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus presented roughly equivalent concentrations of total polyphenols (608.41 and 558.25 mg EAG/g respectively). However, the hydroethanolic extract was richer in flavonoids (539.60 mg EQ/g) than the aqueous extract (388.95 mg EQ/g). In addition, the average inhibition rate of the ABTS radical in the presence of the 70% hydroethanol extract was 11.56 µM Trolox equivalent/g, compared with 8.32 µM Trolox equivalent/g with the aqueous extract. The average chelation percentages were 31.93% (70% hydroethanol extract) and 20.92% (aqueous extract). As for the reduction of DPPH radical, the ICs50 for the 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts were 4.4 mg/mL and 6.0 mg/mL respectively. This study confirms that Anogeissus leiocarpus is a plant containing phenolic compounds. The presence of these phenolic compounds in this plant, together with its antioxidant activities with low values (IC50), could justify its widespread use by livestock farmers in northern Côte d'Ivoire, particularly those rearing broiler chickens.
Books on the topic "Farmers' guild"
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Berlin, Michael. A history of the Worshipful Company of Farmers: The first fifty years 1952-2002. Phillimore, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Farmers' guild"
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Nagashima, Mami, Yoshiaki Nishikawa, Makoto Kawase, Kazuo Watanabe, and Kenji Irie. "Seed System Dynamics and Crop Diversity of Chinbaung in Myanmar." In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_6.
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AbstractIn this field survey of seed system dynamics in Myanmar, the authors note that the country’s dominant system of traditional agriculture faces pressure from the introduction of ‘improved’ varieties and shifts in policy. However, farmers—from small and subsistence growers to large-scale rice producers—continue to raise indigenous species. One is chinbaung, the collective term for several varieties in the genus Hibiscus. The authors traced differences in chinbaung cultivation and use among places, and examined production systems in three villages in central arid zone, each sited in a geographically distinct locale. They found that a local festival popular with seed sellers has become a prime conduit for disseminating diverse genetic resources. Poe Yon, a guild of agricultural brokerage firms with hubs in cities across the country, meanwhile involves firms and farmers in a unique relationship that ensures broader distribution. Ultimately, the autonomy of farmers has enabled agrobiodiversity to thrive in Myanmar—a success, the authors note, that agricultural policymakers should heed.
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De Bruyn, Luc. "Life cycle strategies in a guild of dipteran gall farmers on the common reed." In Plant Galls. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577690.003.0016.
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Abstract The flies of the genus Lipara are strict monophagous parasites of the common reed, Phragmites australis (Poaceae). Due to feeding activities and/or metabolic products, the newly formed internodes of the shoot are significantly shortened and a typical cigar-or spike-like gall is formed at the top of the shoot. Reed is a perennial rhizomatous grass that produces fresh shoots every year during spring. Because the shoots dry up and die at the end of the summer, they can only serve as a source of food for the herbivore during a short time of the year. Previous studies have revealed a high between-plant and between-year variation in plant quality caused by several interacting factors, such as the genetic differences between reed clones, the water and nutrient content of the soil, and interspecific competition with other plants. In addition, the annual germination and growth of the reed is strongly influenced by climatic factors. In the course of evolution, two main solutions have evolved to overcome the above mentioned problems within the genus Lipara.
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Jaffré, Marc W. S. "‘From Shoemaker I Could Become Councillor’: Merchant Courtiers’ Strategies and Ambitions." In The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610–1643. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780198957645.003.0008.
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Abstract Chapter 7 examines the merchants and artisans employed by Louis XIII’s court and their role within court society. The chapter emphasizes how large and varied the groups of merchants working for the court were as well as the different methods of remuneration employed by the court. Merchants mitigated risks involved with contracting with the court and maximized profits by forming associations with each other and by subcontracting part of their work to Parisian merchants. Court merchants benefited tremendously from exemptions from tax and custom duties, exemptions from guild structures, and the right to have their cases tried by the Provostship of the Household. Their exemptions led them to clash frequently with tax farmers and urban guilds, and it was a considerable advantage to be able to turn to the Provostship for support as it also relied on court merchants to help reinforce its own contested jurisdictional claims. Court merchants and artisans additionally exploited their court connections to participate in court society, pursue noble marriages for their daughters, acquire household offices, and elevate themselves into the nobility. The chapter reveals that court merchants were fully fledged courtiers, for whom the opportunity to participate in court society was one of the primary motivations for contracting with the court.
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Marx, Karl. "Chapter 31 Genesis of the Industrial Capitalist." In Capital. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199535705.003.0037.
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The genesis of the industrial capitalist did not proceed in such a gradual way as that of the farmer. Doubtless many small guild-masters, and yet more independent small artisans, or even wage-labourers, transformed themselves into small capitalists, and (by gradually extending exploitation of wage-labour...
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Ferling, John. "“The Creed of Our Political Faith”." In Adams vs. Jefferson. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195167719.003.0013.
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Abstract It is a rare occasion when the president of the United States becomes invisible, but John Adams virtually disappeared after mid-December, when the National Intelligencer broke the news of his defeat. With eighty days remaining in his term, and power slipping from his hands, Adams was shunned by many within his party. The remainder of his vanishing act was his own doing, as he sequestered himself within the President’s House. Immobilized by what he called the “shower of ennui” that accompanied his shattering loss, and racked with grief over his late son and guilt over his own behavior toward him, Adams had almost lost interest in the presidency. He wished to see only those who were truly close to him, and he confided to nearly all with whom he spoke that he was desperately eager to leave for home. He took a daily walk along Penn-sylvania Avenue, if the weather permitted, and he and Abigail worshiped on Sunday mornings at the Anglican services in the House of Representatives chamber. Otherwise he remained out of sight, counting the days, as he put it, until he became “a farmer. John of Stony field and nothing more (I hope nothing less) for the rest of my life.” Above all, he said, he looked forward to escaping “all intrigues, and . . . all the great and little [political] passions that agitate the world.”
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Goldsmith, Oliver. "None but the guilty can be long and completely miserable." In The Vicar of Wakefield, edited by Robert L. Mack and Arthur Friedman. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199537549.003.0023.
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Some assiduity was now required to make our present abode as convenient as possible, and we were soon again qualified to enjoy our former serenity. Being disabled myself from assisting my son in our usual occupations, I read to my family from the few books that were saved, and particularly from such, as, by amusing the imagination, contributed to ease the heart. Our good neighbours too came every day with the kindest condolence, and fixed a time in which they were all to assist at repairing my former dwelling. Honest farmer Williams was not last among these visitors; but heartily offered his friendship. He would even have renewed his addresses to my daughter; but she rejected them in such a manner as totally represt his future solicitations. Her grief seemed formed for continuing, and she was the only person of our little society that a week did not restore to chearfulness. She now lost that unblushing innocence which once taught her to respect herself, and to seek pleasure by pleasing. Anxiety now had taken strong possession of her mind, her beauty began to be impaired with her constitution, and neglect still more contributed to diminish it. Every tender epithet bestowed on her sister brought a pang to her heart and a tear to her eye; and as one vice, tho’ cured, ever plants others where it has been, so her former guilt, tho’ driven out by repentance, left jealousy and envy behind. I strove a thousand ways to lessen her care, and even forgot my own pain in a concern for her’s, collecting such amusing passages of history, as a strong memory and some reading could suggest. ‘Our happiness, my dear,’ I would say, ‘is in the power of one who can bring it about a thousand unforeseen ways, that mock our foresight. If example be necessary to prove this, I’ll give you a story, my child, told us by a grave, tho’ sometimes a romancing, historian.
Conference papers on the topic "Farmers' guild"
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Qiu, Chenyu. "Guilt and Poverty: Women's Gleaning in the County of Essex, 1830-1890." In 8th World Conference on Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences and Education. Eurasia Conferences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62422/978-81-981590-2-1-027.
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This study examines the decline of women’s gleaning practices in Essex, an agrarian county in southeastern England, between 1830 and 1890. Using courtroom records and newspaper reports from the Essex Standard and Essex Newsman, it explores how legal, gendered, and economic forces reshaped this survival strategy. Essex, with its enclosure-driven land consolidation, mechanization, and rural poverty, exemplifies broader nineteenth-century shifts from customary rights to capitalist property regimes. Three key processes drove this transformation. First, the legal status of gleaning became increasingly uncertain as courts wavered between customary rights and landowners’ claims. Second, gender norms influenced judicial decisions: women gleaners faced moral scrutiny, with courts penalizing perceived “disorderly” behavior while acknowledging their economic hardship. Third, farmers restricted gleaning to employees’ families, turning it into a controlled labor privilege rather than a communal right. This shift not only consolidated farmers’ control over post-harvest resources but also heightened the criminalization of women outside formal employment. By integrating legal records, gendered narratives, and labor dynamics, this study highlights how the erosion of customary rights reinforced class and gender hierarchies. It contributes to broader discussions on poverty, gender performativity, and the legal marginalization of informal economies in nineteenth-century Britain.