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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Farmers, Indonesia'

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Published: 20 February 2023

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1

Benu, Fredrik Lukas. "Farm productivity and farmers' welfare in West Timor, Indonesia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/333.

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This study examines agricultural productivity and farmers' welfare in West Timor, Indonesia. The driving force behind this study is to understand why the welfare of farmers has lagged behind others despite significant growth in the agricultural sector. The main research problem in this study is that while agricultural production has increased significantly in West Timor, the welfare of farmers has not increased as fast as that of non-farmers. To reduce the gap in income between farmers and nonfarmers, the growth of income of West Timor's farmers, as the indicator of their welfare, has to accelerate at least as fast as the growth of non-farmers' income. This target might be achieved if there is an appropriate policy of agricultural development implemented by the government. For this reason, evaluation of the structure of agricultural production, as well as the welfare of the farmers of West Timor, is an important issue that needs to be addressed. This study analyses the structure of agricultural production and the welfare of farmers in West Timor. An econometric method (Three Stage Least Squares) was used in modelling the agricultural system to evaluate the structure of the agricultural production as well as farmers' welfare in West Timor. A simultaneous equations model which consists of eight structural and four identity equations was constructed for the analysis of the structure, the estimation of elasticities from the regression coefficients and the subsequent policy analysis. The data used for the analysis are secondary data published by the Indonesian government.All data used in the model were time series data from 1979 to 1998 and gathered in the period between January and July 1999. The results of this research found that technical factors such as water availability. pasture capacity and irrigation channels influence the production of agriculture more than economic factors such as the price of products and cost of inputs. Too, population growth and the availability of socio-economic institutions such as cooperatives at the village level. have a significant influence on the agricultural production. Although technical factors influence the production of agriculture more than economic factors, subsequent policy analysis shows that an increase in agricultural credit as well as a reduction in the cost of production will still have a positive impact on the production of agriculture. A policy to increase the price of agricultural commodities at the farm gate, especially the price of live cattle and rice, will increase the profit of farmers, further motivating them to increase their overall production. There are six scenarios of the policy alternatives that are simulated in this study. These are: (1) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the size of irrigated areas, (2) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the amount of credit, (3) the scenario of a 35 per cent decrease in total cost per hectare of maize cultivation, (4) the scenario of a 10 units increase in the number of cooperatives, (5) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of live cattle at the farm gate, and (6) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of rice at the farm gate.The results of the policy analysis found that the largest positive impact on the agricultural sector output as well as farmers per capita income is derived from the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the size of irrigated area. The scenarios of increasing amount of agricultural credit and the number of co-operatives have also generated a large positive impact on the agricultural sector output, but with a high increase in farmer population growth. Two other scenarios that have a large impact on the agricultural sector output as well as farmers' per capita income are the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of live cattle and the price of rice. Based on the results of the policy analysis, two main policies that might be undertaken by the government to promote the growth of the agricultural sector and farmers' per capita income are expansion of irrigated areas and improving farmers' access to agricultural credit.
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2

Benu, Fredrik Lukas. "Farm productivity and farmers' welfare in West Timor, Indonesia." Curtin University of Technology, Muresk Institute of Agriculture, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14865.

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This study examines agricultural productivity and farmers' welfare in West Timor, Indonesia. The driving force behind this study is to understand why the welfare of farmers has lagged behind others despite significant growth in the agricultural sector. The main research problem in this study is that while agricultural production has increased significantly in West Timor, the welfare of farmers has not increased as fast as that of non-farmers. To reduce the gap in income between farmers and nonfarmers, the growth of income of West Timor's farmers, as the indicator of their welfare, has to accelerate at least as fast as the growth of non-farmers' income. This target might be achieved if there is an appropriate policy of agricultural development implemented by the government. For this reason, evaluation of the structure of agricultural production, as well as the welfare of the farmers of West Timor, is an important issue that needs to be addressed. This study analyses the structure of agricultural production and the welfare of farmers in West Timor. An econometric method (Three Stage Least Squares) was used in modelling the agricultural system to evaluate the structure of the agricultural production as well as farmers' welfare in West Timor. A simultaneous equations model which consists of eight structural and four identity equations was constructed for the analysis of the structure, the estimation of elasticities from the regression coefficients and the subsequent policy analysis. The data used for the analysis are secondary data published by the Indonesian government.
All data used in the model were time series data from 1979 to 1998 and gathered in the period between January and July 1999. The results of this research found that technical factors such as water availability. pasture capacity and irrigation channels influence the production of agriculture more than economic factors such as the price of products and cost of inputs. Too, population growth and the availability of socio-economic institutions such as cooperatives at the village level. have a significant influence on the agricultural production. Although technical factors influence the production of agriculture more than economic factors, subsequent policy analysis shows that an increase in agricultural credit as well as a reduction in the cost of production will still have a positive impact on the production of agriculture. A policy to increase the price of agricultural commodities at the farm gate, especially the price of live cattle and rice, will increase the profit of farmers, further motivating them to increase their overall production. There are six scenarios of the policy alternatives that are simulated in this study. These are: (1) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the size of irrigated areas, (2) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the amount of credit, (3) the scenario of a 35 per cent decrease in total cost per hectare of maize cultivation, (4) the scenario of a 10 units increase in the number of cooperatives, (5) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of live cattle at the farm gate, and (6) the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of rice at the farm gate.
The results of the policy analysis found that the largest positive impact on the agricultural sector output as well as farmers per capita income is derived from the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the size of irrigated area. The scenarios of increasing amount of agricultural credit and the number of co-operatives have also generated a large positive impact on the agricultural sector output, but with a high increase in farmer population growth. Two other scenarios that have a large impact on the agricultural sector output as well as farmers' per capita income are the scenario of a 10 per cent increase in the price of live cattle and the price of rice. Based on the results of the policy analysis, two main policies that might be undertaken by the government to promote the growth of the agricultural sector and farmers' per capita income are expansion of irrigated areas and improving farmers' access to agricultural credit.
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3

Usman, Abdullah. "Socio-economic factors influencing farmers' adoption of a new technology : the case study on the groundwater pump irrigation in Lombok, Indonesia." Title page, Abstract and Contents only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09au86.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 146-153. This thesis analyses factors influencing farmers use of groundwater pump irrigation in Lombok, Indonesia. It aims to identify the determinants of the speed of technology adoption, to identify factors affecting the levels of water use and to estimate the state of water use by comparing the actual water use to the estimated optimal water use.
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4

Ernah, [Verfasser]. "Assessment of sustainability standards among smallholder oil palm farmers in Indonesia / ... Ernah." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2015. http://d-nb.info/1088425305/34.

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5

Habibie, Hasnawaty. "Participatory action research to improve the livelihood of rural people through livestock production in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Thesis, View thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/570.

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This research was conducted within the context of smallholder livestock production and government attempts to improve this through a transfer of technology approach. Participatory action research (PAR) was used to enable action for change to emerge, while the research provided understanding and a basis for this action. Tombolo village in South Sulawesi, Indonesia was the location for this research, which first identified the problems and needs of the farmers, and then participatively developed strategies to meet these needs. Fodder security throughout the year was found to be the major constraint to cattle production. Forage technology was introduced, including fodder tree legumes and grasses, resulting in improved livestock production and many associated livelihood benefits. The introduction of these new technologies was adapted by stakeholders to local issues and needs. The extension services had previously aimed to improve livestock production through breeding and veterinary health measures, and had assumed that sufficient fodder was available for livestock. The formation of a learning group of farmers, who used group discussion to set their own agenda, was employed to identify this shortcoming, and how to sustainably overcome it. Participants were able to apply their experience and enhance their cognitive skills to find new meanings and knowledge to plan and take actions to improve their practice and situation. This thesis documents the process of change required to move from a “Transfer of Technology” approach to a “learning approach”. The research has shown that there is considerable potential for the application of PAR to rural community development in Indonesia. More specifically in Tombolo village PAR enabled farmers and extension staff to be empowered by becoming active participants in the research process and take action to improve their own practice. It helped them to analyse the situation to make the technology more appropriate, while also learning how to change the extension methods used towards one in which all stakeholders became partners in developing their situation
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6

Chilver, Alwyn Stewart. "Innovation paths in developing country agriculture : true potato seed in India, Egypt and Indonesia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389359.

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The role of farmers in technology generation and diffusion has long been identified as a key dimension in publicly funded international agricultural research. This thesis uses a case study approach to document actual research and diffusion practices andlheir outcomes, and from these it draws conclusions for research policy. The thesis compares the effects of new technology, the research processes that generated it, and the diffusion processes that promoted and disseminated it, in three countries. Particular attention is given to farmer participation and related issues deemed critical to effective research and diffusion. The technology in question is True Potato Seed, a radical alternative means for potato propagation to tuber seed, researched and promoted by the International Potato Centre in collaboration with national research institutes since 1978. The case study countries are India, Egypt, and Indonesia. Extensive quantitative and qualitative farmer surveys provide the first detailed assessment of TPS benefits, their distribntion, and likely TPS adoption. Secondary data, documentation, and in-depth interviews with key actors permit an analysis of the significant activities, decisions, and players that shaped TPS research and diffusion processes. The farmer survey evidence indicates that TPS outcomes are problematic in each country. It also reveals cases of inadequately justified TPS research and promotion largely due to a poor awareness by scientists and research managers of farmers' conditions. This thesis demonstrates that a powerful countervailing force to the pursuit of unproductive research lies in the early and effective involvement of farmers in the research process. This allows for critical weaknesses to come to light after experimentation by farmers under their own conditions of production. The inevitable geographical and institutional decentralisation that this entails, fosters a greater level of research responsiveness and an environment in which alternatives to formal extension, including farmer dissemination networks, may be stimulated and encouraged where appropriate. However, regardless of the rhetoric regarding farmer participatory approaches at an organisational level, the extent to which these are borne out in practice depends largely upon the philosophies of the key individuals who shape and direct research and promotion processes.
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7

Habibie, Hasnawaty, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "Participatory action research to improve the livelihood of rural people through livestock production in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Habibie_H.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/570.

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This research was conducted within the context of smallholder livestock production and government attempts to improve this through a transfer of technology approach. Participatory action research (PAR) was used to enable action for change to emerge, while the research provided understanding and a basis for this action. Tombolo village in South Sulawesi, Indonesia was the location for this research, which first identified the problems and needs of the farmers, and then participatively developed strategies to meet these needs. Fodder security throughout the year was found to be the major constraint to cattle production. Forage technology was introduced, including fodder tree legumes and grasses, resulting in improved livestock production and many associated livelihood benefits. The introduction of these new technologies was adapted by stakeholders to local issues and needs. The extension services had previously aimed to improve livestock production through breeding and veterinary health measures, and had assumed that sufficient fodder was available for livestock. The formation of a learning group of farmers, who used group discussion to set their own agenda, was employed to identify this shortcoming, and how to sustainably overcome it. Participants were able to apply their experience and enhance their cognitive skills to find new meanings and knowledge to plan and take actions to improve their practice and situation. This thesis documents the process of change required to move from a “Transfer of Technology” approach to a “learning approach”. The research has shown that there is considerable potential for the application of PAR to rural community development in Indonesia. More specifically in Tombolo village PAR enabled farmers and extension staff to be empowered by becoming active participants in the research process and take action to improve their own practice. It helped them to analyse the situation to make the technology more appropriate, while also learning how to change the extension methods used towards one in which all stakeholders became partners in developing their situation
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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8

Ketterings, Ing Quirine M. "Fire as a land management tool in Sepunggur, Sumatra, Indonesia can farmers do without it? /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488192960168218.

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9

Sambodo, Leonardo Adypurnama Alias Teguh. "The Decision making processes of semi-commercial farmers: a case study of technology adoption in Indonesia." Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, 2007. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20080107.151045/.

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An exploration of the creation and use of farmers' commonly used "rules of thumb" is required to conceptualize farmers' decision making processes. While farmers face complex situations, particularly when subsistence is an issue, they do appear to use simple rules in their decision making. To date inadequate attention has been given to understanding their reasoning processes in creating the rules, so this study traces the origins of farmers' beliefs, and extracts the decisive and dynamic elements in their decision making systems to provide this understanding. The analysis was structured by using a model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Modifications included recognizing a bargaining process (BP) and other decision stimuli to represent socio-cultural influences and sources of perception, respectively. Two analyses based on the Personal Construct Theory (PCT) and the Ethnographic Decision Tree Modelling (EDTM) were also applied to help elaborate the farmers' cognitive process and actual decision criteria. The method involved interviews in two villages in Lamongan Regency in East Java Province of Indonesia, where the farmers adopted an improved paddy-prawn system ("pandu"). The results highlighted that farmers use rational strategies, and that socio-cultural factors influence decision making. This was represented by interactions between the farmers' perceptions, their bargaining effort, and various background factors. The TPB model revealed that the farmers' perceptions about the potential of "pandu", and the interaction with their "significant others", influenced their intention to adopt "pandu". The farmers appeared to prefer a steady income and familiar practices at the same time as obtaining new information, mainly from their peers. When "pandu" failed to show sufficiently profitable results, most farmers decided to ignore or discontinue "pandu". This became the biggest disincentive to a wide and sustainable adoption. However, the PCT analysis showed that part of this problem also stemmed from the farmers' lack of resources and knowledge. The farmers' restrictive conditions also led them to seek socio-cultural and practical support for their actions. This was highlighted by a bargaining process (BP) that integrated what the farmers had learned, and believed, into their adoption behaviour. The BP also captured the farmers' communication strategies when dealing with "pandu" as its adoption affected resource allocation within the family and required cooperation with neighbours. The PCT and EDTM analyses also confirmed how the BP accommodated different sets of decision criteria to form different adoption behaviours. Such a process indicated the importance of considering the adoption decision and the relevant changes resulting from the farmers' cognition. This provided a more dynamic and realistic description of the farmers' decision-making process than has previously been attempted. Overall, the results suggested that semi-commercial farmers need to know, and confirm, that a new technology is significantly superior to the existing system, and can provide a secure income. The introduction of a new technology should use a participatory approach allowing negotiation, conflict mitigation and the creation of consensus among the relevant parties. This can be supported through better access to knowledge, information and financing. A specific and well-targeted policy intervention may also be needed to accommodate the diversity in the farmers' ways of learning and making decisions. Ways to improve the current analytical approaches are also suggested.
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10

Rosiana. "The Impact of Rice Policy Reform on the Terms of Trade for Rice Farmers in Indonesia." 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9739.

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11

Sambodo, Leonardo A. A. T. "The decision making processes of semi-commercial farmers : a case study of technology adoption in Indonesia." Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/241.

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An exploration of the creation and use of farmers' commonly used "rules of thumb" is required to conceptualize farmers' decision making processes. While farmers face complex situations, particularly when subsistence is an issue, they do appear to use simple rules in their decision making. To date inadequate attention has been given to understanding their reasoning processes in creating the rules, so this study traces the origins of farmers' beliefs, and extracts the decisive and dynamic elements in their decision making systems to provide this understanding. The analysis was structured by using a model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Modifications included recognizing a bargaining process (BP) and other decision stimuli to represent socio-cultural influences and sources of perception, respectively. Two analyses based on the Personal Construct Theory (PCT) and the Ethnographic Decision Tree Modelling (EDTM) were also applied to help elaborate the farmers' cognitive process and actual decision criteria. The method involved interviews in two villages in Lamongan Regency in East Java Province of Indonesia, where the farmers adopted an improved paddy-prawn system ("pandu"). The results highlighted that farmers use rational strategies, and that socio-cultural factors influence decision making. This was represented by interactions between the farmers' perceptions, their bargaining effort, and various background factors. The TPB model revealed that the farmers' perceptions about the potential of "pandu", and the interaction with their "significant others", influenced their intention to adopt "pandu". The farmers appeared to prefer a steady income and familiar practices at the same time as obtaining new information, mainly from their peers. When "pandu" failed to show sufficiently profitable results, most farmers decided to ignore or discontinue "pandu". This became the biggest disincentive to a wide and sustainable adoption. However, the PCT analysis showed that part of this problem also stemmed from the farmers' lack of resources and knowledge. The farmers' restrictive conditions also led them to seek socio-cultural and practical support for their actions. This was highlighted by a bargaining process (BP) that integrated what the farmers had learned, and believed, into their adoption behaviour. The BP also captured the farmers' communication strategies when dealing with "pandu" as its adoption affected resource allocation within the family and required cooperation with neighbours. The PCT and EDTM analyses also confirmed how the BP accommodated different sets of decision criteria to form different adoption behaviours. Such a process indicated the importance of considering the adoption decision and the relevant changes resulting from the farmers' cognition. This provided a more dynamic and realistic description of the farmers' decision-making process than has previously been attempted. Overall, the results suggested that semi-commercial farmers need to know, and confirm, that a new technology is significantly superior to the existing system, and can provide a secure income. The introduction of a new technology should use a participatory approach allowing negotiation, conflict mitigation and the creation of consensus among the relevant parties. This can be supported through better access to knowledge, information and financing. A specific and well-targeted policy intervention may also be needed to accommodate the diversity in the farmers' ways of learning and making decisions. Ways to improve the current analytical approaches are also suggested.
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12

Iskandar, Dudi. "The Decision Making Process in the Adoption of Agroforestry Technology by Smallholder Rubber Farmers in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5810.

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The contribution of rubber to national economic and social development is important for Indonesia. However, smallholding rubber, the dominant rubber producer, has low productivity. Various new technology programmes have been introduced by the Indonesian government with other agencies to increase the productivity of existing traditional rubber and incomes among smallholder rubber farmers in Indonesia. However, the adoption of new technology was low and the reasons for these were still unclear. This study explores how smallholder farmers in Indonesia adopt new technology. Rubber Agroforestry System (RAS) introduced mainly by International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Jambi and West Kalimantan provinces in Indonesia is used as a case study. A combination of Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling (EDTM) proposed by Gladwin (1989a) and a logistic regression model were used as the main methodologies to determine the decision criteria of rubber farmers regarding adoption of clonal rubber. The EDTM as qualitative method helped to identify the main reasons, motivations and constraints that influenced a farmer’s decision to adopt or not adopt the new technology and also present details about the process of the farmers’ decision making. Meanwhile, logit as the quantitative method was useful to identify the significant variables involved in the decision making process. The results of this study show that the decision making process for adoption of clonal rubber is complex and influenced by various factors. The decision tree models for Jambi and West Kalimantan differed showing the importance of social context and infrastructure. The main reasons for a farmer’s decisions to adopt clonal rubber is the expectation that clonal rubber is better in growth and yield and it will increase production per ha and income. The decision to adopt is supported by evidence from demonstration plots, trust in the technology deliverers and availability of incentives. The main constraint in adoption for both areas was limitation of capital as the clonal rubber required more capital to establish. The other constraints are risk and uncertainties including pest and disease problems, the shortage of labour, lack of technical knowledge, lack of access to clonal seedlings, and observation of clonal rubber that has been of low quality or managed inadequately. The decision tree models have been tested and the results show that the models were able to predict the farmers’ decision making with good accuracy of 82% and 83%. In addition, the quantitative model shows the significant factors that determine adoption of clonal rubber in Jambi and West Kalimantan are land, incentives and income factors. The qualitative and quantitative methods contributed to increased robustness of data and give different kinds of valuable data and information to stakeholders and policy makers in Indonesia. In order to encourage rubber farmers in Jambi and West Kalimantan to adopt clonal rubber, this study suggests improving policies to ensure they are aligned with needs of the rubber farmers, improving farmers’ access to capital sources such as credit with simpler mechanisms, increasing the number and skills of extension workers, encouraging farmer to farmer learning, empowering farmers and leadership, improving infrastructure including better access to clonal seedlings and improving partnership with NGOs.
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13

Habibie, Hasnawaty. "Participatory action research to improve the livelihood of rural people through livestock production in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20051013.100641/index.html.

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14

Wondollek, Mattias, and Jon Werkander. "Fairtrade coffe in Indonesia : Fairtrade coffee - improved living conditions for coffee farmers, or just a higher coffe price?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122877.

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15

Wickham, Trevor Wayne. "Farmers ain't no fools exploring the role of participatory rural appraisal to access indigenous knowledge and enhance sustainable development research and planning : a case study of Dusun Pausan, Bali, Indonesia /." Waterloo, Ont., Canada : University Consortium on the Environment, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37546949.html.

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16

Tanaya, I. Gusti Lanang Parta. "A study of agribusiness supply chain systems for small farmers in dryland areas of Lombok Island Indonesia : a pluralistic approach." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2475.

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Despite the contribution that agriculture makes to the Indonesian Gross Domestic Product, the income of small subsistence farmers continues to fall. While many development activities and policies have been implemented to reduce the gap in income between farmers and non-farmers, the situation remains unchanged. In part this is because the majority of research has focused on improving production rather than addressing the social and economic aspects of farming and its supply chains. Very few approaches have adopted a holistic systems approach. This study examines holistically the agri-food supply chains of dryland farmers of Lombok, in eastern Indonesia, using a pluralistic approach. The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of developing a pluralistic model which combined the benefits of SSM with hard systems approaches like statistical and technical efficiency analyses and test this approach on the agri-food supply chains of dryland farmers of Lombok, in eastern Indonesia.Agribusiness is a complex social system both to understand and to manage but is also driven heavily by the need to produce efficiently for a market. This means that solving problems within such systems requires the melding of both the qualitative and quantitative aspects in a pluralistic way. The research presented here combines an interpretative research approach the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) with hard systems tools like descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, and technical efficiency analysis.The SSM analysis was successful in identifying a feasible pathway for change for the agri-food supply chains studied. The key benefits of adopting this approach was its ability to produce realistic and feasible solutions in a culturally acceptable way and to unconsciously help the supply chain members to understand, look at, think, analyse and solve their problems through collaborative action. It is however, a complex tool to use and there is a need to develop a simplified SSM approach which significantly reduces the sophisticated systems jargon and technical terms that have been developed by the SSM research community if it is to be adopted more widely for use in solving agri-food supply chain problems in developing countries.The farm productivity analysis found significant variations in the technical efficiency of the farms analyzed; from 47.6 to 94.5 per cent, indicating that there is still significant opportunity for improvements in production practices. Age and education were found to significantly affect farm-specific technical efficiency suggesting that programs that educated the rural young generally, but more specifically in new innovations and farm management practices, would show production efficiency benefits.An analysis of the marketing system revealed that a number of market intermediaries were involved in the marketing and distribution of agricultural commodities. Market intermediaries arrange for the collection, consolidation and subsequent transport of the product and to varying degrees, with the sorting, grading and packing of the product to better fulfill downstream customers’ needs. Quality at the farm gate was problematic, for much of the product is sold under the tebasan system where there are few incentives for quality and farmers face difficulties in disposing of product which fails to meet customers’ expectations. As the quality of the product deteriorates as it moves down the supply chain, the marketing margin increases to cover the increasing losses, and the uncertainty of price inherent in highly volatile commodity markets. In order to reduce risk, farmers and downstream market intermediaries prefer to transact with those exchange partners with whom they have developed long-term relationships. However, in the absence of reliable market information and the propensity for actors to sell to whichever market intermediary offers the highest price, little trust is evident in the exchange. As the geographic distance between actors increase, relationships down the supply chain become increasingly less personal and more businesslike.This study resulted in a new pluralistic model for analyzing the agribusiness supply chain of Lombok referred to as the Lombok Method (LM). This pluralistic approach was found to be a more effective way to analyse and design solutions than SSM alone for the following reasons. First, the inclusion of hard system analysis enhanced the robustness of the model produced which in turn means it can be validated and challenged. Secondly, hard systems approaches were used to verify the findings of the SSM and also provide feedback into the SSM. Finally, the SSM was able to bring the experience of the participants to the interpretation of the hard system analysis.While the model was successful in providing some solutions to the problems experienced in the supply chains, the research also highlighted the need to do further studies that 1) identify the nature and scale of market failure, 2) apply optimization techniques to supply chain systems and 3) identify a means of including external variables like climate in the model. There may also be a role for modeling the relationships between supply chain participants using structural equation modeling (SEM) or causal loop diagrams (CLD). With a focus on SSM there is a need to develop a simplified approach for use in developing countries and establishing standards for the conduct of human interaction in the SSM process.
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Martindah, Eny. "Developing extension processes and strategies in conjunction with technical services and farmers to control fasciolosis in Yogyakarta special province, Indonesia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19057.pdf.

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18

Chrisendo, Daniel [Verfasser]. "A Blessing in Disguise? Effects of Oil Palm Adoption on Smallholder Farmers’ Wellbeing and Agricultural Transformation in Indonesia / Daniel Chrisendo." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236401573/34.

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19

Munzir, Abdullah. "Technical efficiency performance of small fish farmers' production in West Sumatra, Indonesia : a stochastic frontier analysis on floating net cage aquaculture development /." Beuren ; Stuttgart : Grauer, 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009999212&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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20

Hernandez, Cedillo Maria Fernanda. "Exploring possible effects that diversity of preferences for the future within communities could have for adaptive co-management : Case study of a community of farmers in Bali, Indonesia." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-42944.

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Adaptive co-management (ACM) has downplayed the role that diversity withincommunities could play in management schemes. It has understood communities asgroups of persons with similar interests. This thesis attempts to explore some of theconsequences that diversity of preferences of the future over social-ecologicaltrajectories within communities could have on adaptive co-management processes.The relevance of understanding this lies in the urgency of finding solutions thatpromote better resource and environmental management aimed at sustainability. Thefollowing work uses scenarios as a way to explore the effects that diversity ofpreferences within communities might have on ACM processes.

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21

Suranindyah, Yuni. "The effect of season and feeding management on production and reproduction of Etawah grade goats kept by smallholder farmers in an upland area of Yogyakarta province of Indonesia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408790.

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A series of studies aimed to improve reproductive efficiency and milk production by smallholders’ Etawah Grade goats.  A survey was conducted from February to April 2000 in the villages of Girikerto, Girimulyo and Srandakan, where Etawah Grade goats were most concentrated.  The aim of the survey was to know the contribution of Etawah Grade goat to the farmer income, evaluating factors, which were suspended to influence goat productivity, such as feed availability and goat management conducted in the villages.  The result showed that Etawah Grade goat production in the villages was conducted in a small-scale farming enterprise, with the average number of 5 to 9 goats/farmer.  In general, Etawah Grade goats contributed towards the income for the farmers by producing replacement stock, manure and milk.  The agricultural and forages products varied from village to village.  In the dry season feed was less available about 50% of that in the wet season (P<0.05).  To solve the problem of feed shortage in the dry season, farmers either used by-products or purchased forage.  The main reproductive problem in the villages was long period of post-partum anoestrus and low litter size, which might be associated with feed availability and management of weaning where the kids were separated from the doe after 3 to 5 months. An observation in an on-farm was conducted to see if seasons, by their effect on the availability, quality and consumption of feed or practical management, affected the reproductive performance, milk and kid production.  Observation was conducted for the Etawah Grade goats under smallholder conditions during the dry (April to October 2000) and the wet seasons (November 200 to April 2001). Season was found to influence on the duration of post-partum anoestrus of goat in the villages (106 vs. 88 days, P<0.01) and birth weight of kids (3.8 vs. 3.2 kg, (P<0.05)).  Litter size, kid mortality and weaning weight were not affected by season, but  weaning weight varied by villages location (P<0.05).
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Ashleigh, Conor. "Looking back to move forward, how would I embed greater participation throughout mydonor-funded multimedia impact series?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21039.

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This degree project involves a self-reflective analysis of an Australian Centre forInternational Agricultural Research (ACIAR) funded multimedia series. I produced thework in 2017, about the impact achieved in an agricultural research for developmentproject, working with cattle farmers in Indonesia. The overarching purpose of this study isto examine how I would embed greater participation throughout my filmmaking process ifundertaken again. The work is published online and comprises of five short films whichare accompanied by a series of photographs and text story. I chose to examine apreviously completed project of my own, knowing that it was undertaken with a limitedCommunication for Development (ComDev) perspective that has since been developedthrough my Master’s degree at Malmo University. Through my research, I seek first toidentify what aspects of the previous filmmaking process were participatory; second,investigate if there is a filmmaking process that could be recommended for future use toensure a greater level of participation among people; and third, determine if my donorfundedmultimedia impact stories only serve the public relations outcomes of thedevelopment industry.
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Wurjanto, Didy. "Why do farmers plant trees? : developing and testing a decision-making model for Indonesian farmers." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7594.

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The main issue faced by the Government of Indonesia (GoI) in managing its tropical forest resources is the uncontrolled forest degradation that has reached an alarming rate. This problem particularly has adversely affected the balance of wood supply and demand in Indonesia as well as creating some environmental issues. The GoI has sought to maintain and to rehabilitate its natural forest by introducing various policies and programmes. One of these programmes is to create new resources through encouraging landowners to grow trees for timber production. A case study using multiple social science methods was conducted in Riau Province of Indonesia with the objective of understanding landowners' reasons, aspirations and decision-making regarding tree planting. Understanding these topics is very important for planning and implementing further policies and projects relating to tree planting on private land for timber production. To date, only a few studies of landowners' decision-making regarding tree planting have been conducted in Indonesia. The research used unstructured interviews to identify the tree planting issues directly from the landowners themselves. Primary data and information obtained from the 146 farmers and landowners were then arranged into a hierarchical decision model (HDM) in order to examine and to understand decision-making. The tree-like model formulated in this study represents details of the landowners' decision-making process and explains why they decided to plant or not to plant trees on their lands. The model does not simply list the factors influencing the farmers' decision-making, nor only presents the main reasons and constraints that the landowners took into account before they decided to grow trees, but also provides details about the process of their decision-making. The decision model was then tested to evaluate how well it predicted behaviour. The testing procedure used a questionnaire survey that involved a sample of 309 randomly selected respondents in the same study area. The survey was conducted with the help of the survey helpers, and the questions in the questionnaire were based on the decision criteria that represent the model. The results show that the model was able to predict decision-making behaviour with a reasonable accuracy of 82 percent. In addition the research used statistical tests to analyse quantitative data obtained from the model-testing period. Both qualitative and quantitative results were then compared, and the results obtained from quantitative analysis supported and strengthened the findings obtained from the decision tree model. The combination of results from the qualitative and quantitative approaches has increased understanding of tree planting decision-making. The hierarchical decision tree model is one of the cognitive science models which has worked well in representing farmers' decision-making in the study area, and was a suitable approach to address the objectives of this research. Different from similar research that highlights only the significant factors influencing farmers' decision-making, the HDM model in this thesis showed that farmers responded to distinctive combinations of economic and social factors in making decisions regarding tree planting. The model also showed the details of the decision-making process that it is not possible to represent with economic models or statistic behaviour models. Based on real-life decision-making, the model in this research is able to show the needs as well as the aspirations of landowners and farmers regarding tree planting. The model is useful to policy makers, and shows that farmers had views and expectations different from the Indonesian government. The current policies provided by the GoI are not sufficient to encourage farmers to manage trees on their own farms. In order to have more farmers or landowners participate in the tree-planting programme, the model suggests that the Indonesian government should adjust and improve the implementation of the policies in line with the needs of people who are involved in the programme. The recommended policies include providing channels for small-scale tree farmers, improving the way the GoI trains the extension agents, continue providing incentives and soft loans with more emphasis on helping small tree farmers. It also includes giving usufruct rights to tree farmers, and introducing inter cropping systems rather than monoculture tree plantation. Decentralisation strategies can also be effective to conserve and to utilise community based forest management.
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Sinung-Basuki, Rofik. "Farmer-led experimentation as the basis of new technology development : a case study of TPS technology in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387093.

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Lee, Justin Lance. "Participation and pressure in the Mist Kingdom of Sumba : a local NGO's approach to tree-planting /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl4781.pdf.

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Rondomuwu, Octavianus. "An economic analysis of coconut intercropping on smallholder farms in Minahasa district, Indonesia : a mathematical programming approach /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ECM/09ecmr771.pdf.

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Lingard, J. "An economic analysis of agricultural mechanisation with particular reference to rice farms in the Philippines and Indonesia." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374769.

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Gusmawati, Niken Financia. "Which remote sensing indicators to survey shrimp farms in activity and to rehabilitate abandoned sites?" Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NCAL0008/document.

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La production de crevettes en Indonésie est en constante augmentation de part sa surface et l'intensification de ses élevages. Cette filière contribue au développement économique en milieu rural, à la sécurité alimentaire nationale, à l'emploi et au commerce extérieur. Cependant, ce développement rapide s'est accompagné d'effets écologiques et sociaux négatifs. Le développement de maladies dans les élevages ainsi que la dégradation de l'environnement côtier a conduit à l'abandon de 250 000 hectares de bassins dans le pays. Leur réhabilitation dans le cadre d'une activité durable est aujourd'hui une priorité pour le gouvernement indonésien.L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer des outils et des méthodes, basées sur de l’imagerie satellites à très haute résolution spatiale (THRS), (1) pour une meilleure gestion des sites de production et (2) pour réhabiliter les sites abandonnés. L'estuaire de la Perancak situé dans la Province de Bali, une zone de production en déclin, a été choisi comme site pilote. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet INDESO dont l'objectif était de fournir des outils et des méthodes pour une meilleure gestion des ressources côtières et marines en Indonésie.Le premier outil développé pour objectif de cartographier automatiquement les bassins d'élevage. A cet effet, une méthode basée sur la détection des contours a été mise en place et comparée à deux autres méthodes, la première basée sur la méthode de croissance des régions, la seconde sur une classification non supervisée (plus particulièrement la méthode Isocluster). Notre méthode a permis de détecter une forte proportion de bassins avec une meilleure précision.Le second outil avait pour objectif de distinguer les bassins actifs des bassins abandonnés. Un indicateur intégré (IPAI) basé sur quatre critères identifiés sur les images THRS que sont la présence d'eau, d'aérateur(s), de ponton(s) d'alimentation et de végétation, a été développé. Cet indicateur permet de distinguer significativement un bassin actif d'un bassin inactif. La présence de ponton est le critère qui s'est révélé être le plus discriminant.Cet indicateur a été utilisé sur l'estuaire de la Perancak pour suivre la dynamique d’abandon des bassins, liée au développement des maladies dans les élevages, entre 2001 et 2015. Deux facteurs de risque conduisant à l'abandon ont été mis en évidence : le climat et le positionnement des bassins au sein de l'estuaire. Ces résultats suggèrent qu'une approche spatiale doit être prise en compte pour la réhabilitation des bassins. Trois zones ont été définies à partir de leur résilience spatiale aux maladies. Le niveau de connectivité entre des bassins via le réseau hydrologique augmente le risque d'abandon. A noter que la présence actuelle des pathogènes (White Spot Syndrome Virus, WSSV) dans les bassins et probablement dans l'environnement génère une mémoire écologique défavorable à la réhabilitation de fermes aquacoles de crevettes.A partir de ces résultats, une première proposition de plan pour réhabiliter les bassins abandonnés a été formulée dans le cadre d'une approche écosystémique. Pour lutter contre les maladies, ce plan suggère de développer une aquaculture multi-trophique intégrée (AMTI), basée sur la diversité des espèces élevées et de leur positionnement dans la chaine trophique, à l'échelle de l'estuaire. Les méthodes et les études qui doivent être conduites pour rendre opérationnelle cette proposition sont discutées
Shrimp farming production in Indonesia has continuously increased through a large expansion of cultured areas and stocking density intensification. This activity supports rural economic development and contributes to national food security, employment and foreign exchange earnings. However, this development has generated adverse ecological and social effects. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations, there are currently 250,000 ha of abandoned ponds. Their rehabilitation, within a sustainable aquaculture framework, is actually a high priority for the Indonesian government.The objective of the present PhD work was to develop tools and methodologies to (1) enable better management for operating sites of shrimp industry and (2) rehabilitate abandoned sites using very high-resolution satellite (VHRS) imagery. The Perancak Estuary, located in Bali Province, is the production area in decline that has been chosen as study site. This work has been carried out in the frame of the INDESO project which was assigned to develop and provide tools and methods for better management of marine and coastal resources in Indonesia.The first developed tool was an automatic classification procedure for aquaculture mapping. A method based on Edge Detection on VHRS images was proposed and compared with those generated by Region Growing segmentation and unsupervised classification Isocluster. Edge Detection method could successfully create aquaculture map in the Perancak estuary by identifying a large proportion of existing ponds, with good overall accuracy.To implement effective procedure for appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, the second tool was an Integrated Pond Activity Indicator (IPAI). It aimed to discriminate active from abandoned ponds and was developed based on four criteria using VHRS images. Those criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. This indicator succeeded in detecting active pond with a good accuracy, and feeding bridge appeared to be the most discriminant criteria.This second indicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary to highlight the abandonment dynamic due to disease between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonment were identified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should be integrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation. Three areas were defined based on their disease resilience. Ponds connectivity through water network increased the risk of disease development. The continued presence of shrimp pathogen species in ponds and probably in the environment (i.e. White Spot Syndrome Virus, WSSV) may generate ‘ecological memories’ that prevent to the return of shrimp productive system.These results were used to establish a first proposal of rehabilitation plan using an ecological approach. At the whole ecosystem scale, the development of an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), based on the diversity of cultured species and their trophic status would be implemented. Methods and studies that would be conducted to operationalize sustainable pond rehabilitation are briefly discussed
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Arman, Syamsuni. "Off-fram work in three coastal communities of West Kalimantan, Indonesia." 1987. http://books.google.com/books?id=LDUtAAAAMAAJ.

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Hasibuan, Abdul Muis. "Climate Change Risk and Farming Practices: Evidence from Small-scale Citrus Farmers in Indonesia." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/130771.

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This thesis examines climate-related risk behaviours among small-scale citrus farmers and their decision to adoption certified seedlings and use of agrochemical inputs in East Java, Indonesia. The analysis is important for understanding citrus farmers’ behaviours regarding climate change issues. Understanding farm households climate related behaviours is key to designing appropriate smallholder support and advisory services. Given the importance of climate change to rural agricultural communities in developing countries, governments, NGOs and international development agencies continue to make substantial efforts to improve the ability of small-scale farmers to adapt. Yet, too often, national adaptation policies and programs ignore insights from existing smallholder adaptation practices. Previous studies show that behavioural insights are critical in developing an understanding of climate risk management by farmers. An important aim of this thesis is to understanding climate-related influences on smallholders’ decisions. The research objectives are to: (i) understand the extent of perceptions of risk among small-scale citrus farmers related to a range of climate change events and to identify the drivers of their risk perception at aggregated and disaggregated levels; (ii) provide analytical insights into the adoption of certified citrus seedlings by small-scale farmers by analysing the extent to which they value the certification of citrus seedlings and the role of this factor in influencing the adoption of higher-yielding, climate-risk resilient and disease-free citrus varieties; and (iii) explore the extent of use of chemical inputs and the role of risk preferences, intrahousehold dynamics and social networks on the household expenditure spent on chemical inputs. The research uses data from a household survey of 500 citrus farmers with interviews of both the male and female household heads. The first research objective was analysed by employing seemingly unrelated regression models (SUR) and ordered logistic regression models (OLM), the second objective was estimated using a multinomial logit model, and the third objective employed joint modelling of risk, intrahousehold dynamics and spatial factors in a spatial regression model. Among the key contributions of this thesis is integrating the research on complex patterns of risk behaviours, from both the economics and psychology literatures, into climate research on risk perceptions through a straight-forward extension of current approaches to the analysis of the risk perception index. An important result is the disadvantage of using only the aggregate approach in analysing risk perception because it could underestimate and simplify the complex representation of climate risk behaviours. This study also presents empirical support for the use of information and communication technology based extension as an efficient extension tool to reach more farmers than in traditional methods. A second result highlights how farmers' beliefs about the yield and production risks of particular seedling types, along with risk preferences, were significantly related to farmers’ intentions to adopt particular seedling types. This study also found the relationship between climate-related variables (i.e. climate information source and climate extension) and farmers’ decisions to use certified seedlings. Lastly, this thesis finds that more risk-averse households tend to have lower spending on insecticides and the use of this input is also significantly associated with higher profit variability. A wife’s leadership could lead to a considerably lower expenditure for fungicides, but higher herbicide expenses; and a higher disagreement between spouses is associated with more insecticides and fungicides costs. The pattern of chemical inputs usage is spatially dependent on endogenous effects, while spatial disturbance effect existed for the use of chemical fertilisers and herbicides.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, 2020
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Sahara. "The transformation of modern food retailers in Indonesia : opportunities and challenges for smallholder farmers." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/81909.

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Much of the literature examining the modern food retail sector in emerging economies analyzes the factors determining farmers’ participation in supermarket channels, the economic impact of participation, the institutional arrangements of evolving supply chains, and the role of intermediaries in linking farmers to supermarkets. This thesis adds to this literature in four important ways. Firstly, few studies examine contractual arrangements between farmers and supermarket buyers in Indonesia. Secondly, studies around the world analyzing modern food channels have paid little attention to the subjective attitudes of farmers in marketing decisions, assuming all farmers would sell to supermarkets if they have the capacity. Thirdly, available studies have paid little attention to the importance of relationship quality between farmers and buyers. Finally, most studies use current assets in analyzing determinants of farmers’ participation in supermarket channels resulting in endogeneity problems. The specific objectives of the thesis are to analyze: (1) the differences and similarities between farmers selling to traditional and supermarket channels with respect to household, farm and marketing characteristics; (2) factors determining chili farmers’ participation in supermarket channels and the impact of participation on household income; (3) the perception of chili farmers regarding the quality of relationships with their buyers in the traditional and supermarket channels; (4) the nature of contractual arrangements between chili farmers and their buyers, and the determinants of farmers’ commitment in the two channels; and (5) the importance of buyer attributes and determinant factors that influence farmers when choosing preferred buyers. The research demonstrates that households in the supermarket channel have higher levels of human capital, more capitalized on non-land assets, and are more specialized in chili production than those in the traditional channels. They participate in the supermarket channels through middlemen, particularly farmer groups. The important determinants of supermarket participation are education, years of growing chilies, distance from house to asphalt road and storage capacity. Participation in supermarket channels is associated with an increase in per capita income. This study incorporates three relationship quality variables in the analysis: trust, satisfaction and commitment. Similar to traditional channel farmers, supermarket farmers have low levels of trust in their main buyers. With respect to satisfaction and commitment, supermarket farmers have more positive perceptions than traditional channel farmers. Trust and satisfaction have a significant influence on farmers’ commitment, while the actual price has no influence. Verbal agreements are the preferred contractual arrangements between farmers and buyers in the supermarket channel. The analysis of farmers’ subjective attitudes towards buyer attributes indicates that the attributes of price premiums and receiving cash immediately are the most important when farmers in the two channels choose preferred buyers. The LC cluster analysis suggests heterogeneity among chili farmers in the two channels. The results of this study have important implications on how to improve support to small farmers in Indonesia. The results confirm that integrating small farmers into supermarket channels should be promoted as a powerful strategy for helping farmers increase income. However, since many chili farmers still prefer to deal with buyers in the traditional channel, it is important to lower transaction costs in these markets. Traders need to maintain and improve the quality of relationships with chili farmers. The government should focus on public goods, including road, power and wholesale market infrastructure.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2012
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Yanto and 張濤. "Anthropometric Study of Indonesian Farmers in Central Java, Indonesia – toward evaluation and propose the newly dimensions of national standard of agriculture tools." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s7j2fr.

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博士
中原大學
工業與系統工程研究所
106
This study collected anthropometric data of Indonesian farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia. A number of 314 samples participated in this study. They were taken from three residencies in Central Java, Indonesia. A number of 69 anthropometric dimensions including three grip strengths and lung capacity were measured, taken when subject in the standing and sitting postures. Out of 69 dimensions, 25 dimensions were hand anthropometry presented in separate table. The values of minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation (SD), standard error of mean (SEM), coefficient of variation (CV), 5th and 95th percentile values of each body dimension were presented for both males and females. Based on statistical analysis between males and females, it can be observed that 40 0f 43 measurements were significantly different. Of these 40 measurements, female farmers are bigger in two dimensions (thigh thickness and chest depth); males are higher and bigger for the remaining 38 dimensions. As for hand anthropometry, males are significantly longer and bigger than females, except for thumb thickness, index finger breadth and thickness, hand thickness with thumb included, and wrist width. The comparisons were also made between anthropometric data in this study with those of other studies by Indonesian researchers. Considering the percentage of mean differences, anthropometric dimensions of Indonesian farmers in this study are found to be similar with previous studies. This finding may be due to the fact that both studies involved samples with the same occupation as farmer. Anthropometric dimensions of farmers of the present study were also compared with those of other nationalities, namely Indian, Algerian, Nigerian, Filipino and Portuguese. From the stature comparisons, Indonesian farmers are shorter than those of other nationalities for both male and female. The percentage of mean differences between Indonesian farmers and those of other nationalities are ranging from 0% to 18% for Indian farmers, from 1.1% to 21.4% for Algerian farmers, from 0.5% to 24.4% for Nigerian farmers, from 0.3% to 12.7% for Filipino workers, and from 0.6% to 27.4% for Portuguese workers. Findings conclude that the general anthropometric characteristics of Indonesian farmers were found to be similar with Indian farmers for both male and female. As for the application of anthropometric data to evaluate and propose the national standard dimensions of agriculture tools, this study highlighted the use of such data to evaluate and propose the dimensions of sickle (SNI 02-1456-1989), choppers (SNI 05-0551-1989), and to propose the national standard dimensions of hoe handle. Regarding those tools, two handle dimensions were identified as key dimensions for effective, safe and comfort use by the users i.e. the length and diameter of handle. For the sickle, this study proposed handle length of the sickle from 12.0 cm to 22.0 cm by considering the 95th percentile of hand breadth at thumb. For handle diameter, a-three sizes policy (small, medium and large) to accommodate most users within the population was proposed i.e. 2.9-3.3 cm, 3.3-3.8 cm, 3.8-4.2 respectively. For the chopper, this study proposed handle length of the sickle from 15.0 cm to 22.0 cm. Meanwhile for handle diameter a-three sizes policy was also proposed with the sizes are 3.5-4 cm (small), 4-4.6 cm (middle) and 4.6-5 cm (large). As for the hoe, this study also proposed the same three sizes of handle diameter as proposed for chopper. Meanwhile, by considering a few anthropometric dimensions in the standing posture, the recommended lengths of hoe handle are ranging from 76 cm to 106 cm. Further, findings in this study hopefully could be used by the responsible authority to revise and issue the newly dimensions of such national standard. This study also recommended to the authority to periodically evaluate and revise the dimensions of national standard of agriculture tools due to the fact that anthropometric dimensions might change over time.
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Lorenzen, Stephan. "Seeing like a farmer : principles and practices in the Balinese subak." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150324.

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Akzar, Rida. "Adoption of Multiple Dairy Farming Technologies – Issues and Opportunities for Smallholder Dairy Farmers in West Java, Indonesia." Thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/134155.

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Increasing domestic demand for dairy products presents market opportunities for smallholder dairy farmers in Indonesia. However, low productivity and poor milk quality prevent most smallholder dairy farmers from benefitting from these opportunities. The adoption of improved dairy farming technologies and practices can increase smallholder dairy farmers’ milk productivity and milk quality. There have been many dairy development programs in Indonesia attempting to increase technology adoption; yet, adoption of key technologies remains low. This thesis attempts to understand Indonesian smallholder dairy farmers’ awareness of technologies, their adoption behaviour, and their main barriers to adopting multiple technologies. It also examines the effects of technology adoption on smallholders’ milk production. The thesis has three main analytical chapters, which address the research objectives through multiple methods: descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and econometric modelling. The analytical chapters use a primary cross-sectional dataset from a survey of 600 dairy farming households located in four dairy producing districts in West Java Province, Indonesia. A Latent Class cluster analysis is used in the first analytical chapter to identify two unique subgroups of dairy farming households based on their awareness and adoption patterns (adoption, dis-adoption, and continued adoption) of multiple on-farm dairy technologies. Relative to the ‘High awareness/high adoption’ cluster, households in the ‘Low awareness/low adoption’ cluster have significantly lower levels of awareness of all technologies; and, among ‘aware’ households, technology adoption rates are also significantly lower. Farmers in the Low awareness/low adoption cluster are older, have less formal education, manage fewer dairy cows, have less productive and profitable dairy enterprises, live further away from the cooperative and farmer group leader, and have fewer contacts with dairy extension staff. Farmers face multilayered and heterogenous constraints to adopting dairy technologies. Thus, technology dissemination programs need to ensure they meet the unique needs of subgroups of farmers. A Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression (MESR) approach is used in the second analytical chapter to estimate the effects of three feed technology bundles on milk production. The adoption of feed technology bundles is significantly associated with smallholder farmers’ ownership of capital. Further, the adoption of technology bundles has positive and robust effects on milk production per cow, with greater effects if the technology bundle includes high protein feed concentrates. We suggest improving farmers’ awareness of the benefits of complementary technologies and improving access to inputs, such as high-quality feed concentrates. The final analytical chapter uses a new institutional economics lens to understand factors contributing to the dis-adoption of key technologies. Farmers’ reasons for dis-adoption centred on limited availability and affordability of inputs, as well as limited knowledge and lack of improved skills required for adoption. Current institutional arrangements for milk and input quality assessment and institutions provision of dairy farm inputs and services are ineffective, and contribute to dis-adoption. Programs and policies aiming to increase farmers’ adoption of technologies need to address constraints at both a farm and an institutional level.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Centre for Global Food and Resources, 2021
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Winarto, Yunita T. "Seeds of knowledge : the consequences of integrated pest management schooling on a rice farming community in West Java." Phd thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144459.

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Sitepu, Robinson. "A comparative analysis of rice marketing between private traders and cooperatives in the Hulu Sungai Tengah district (Indonesia)." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/107812.

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Watts, John Daniel. "The frontier of the middle class: how farmers and fishers pursue better lives in the coastal landscapes of eastern Indonesia." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/113667.

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The coastal landscapes of the outer islands of the Indonesian archipelago are places rich with biological and cultural diversity. The people who live in these remote and rural places are often comparatively poorer than Indonesians living in urban and regional areas, with limited access to infrastructure, government services and markets. They, like most Indonesians, have participated in the massive economic development that has taken place over recent decades. The places where they live are on the frontier of middle class Indonesia: a place where they can see the material benefits of a developed consumer society, but lack the means to live those types of lives in their rural settings. For the fishers, farmers and forest-dependent people who live in these coastal landscapes, what are the types of lives to which they aspire? How do these aspirations influence the decisions that rural households make about livelihood strategies and resource uses? To answer these questions, three settlements from a coastal landscape in Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, were studied. The research, conducted from 2012 until 2014, explored household livelihood and expenditure decision making through household surveys and in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The results of the case studies point to a theory of decision making for rural households under changing standards of living. Living standards were shaped by structural factors known as opportunity structures, such as infrastructure and consumer markets. Social influences, including traditions and modern social influences such as television, and social integration also shaped household goals and living standards. Changes in these structural and social processes affected not only the types of goods and services that were possible in the settlements, but also what was expected of people. Achieving these rising living standards was constrained by the lack of support for rural livelihoods. With limited support for improving the productivity of existing livelihoods, rural households instead diversified, with migration a central part of that strategy. As the mismatch between rural livelihoods and aspirations increased, a new type of vulnerability for rural households and their landscapes emerged. In these cases, the immediate needs of maintaining a living standard are more important than the sustainability of their livelihoods and resources. The research contributes to the literature on environmental and rural development policy in Indonesia by demonstrating how economic development and the expansion of consumer society has shaped rural household behaviour. I propose that theories of rural household behaviour should incorporate greater considerations of the goals of rural Indonesian households and community living standards, beyond just subsistence, as these shape the livelihood strategies of rural households. Policies and interventions should address the aspirations, capabilities and learning strategies of rural Indonesian households. By doing this, there is greater potential for reducing the environmentally harmful practices of smallholder farmers, small-scale and artisanal fishers and forest-dependent people.
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Ferdi. "Analysis of the effectiveness of government policy at the local, provincial and regional levels on enabling environment for smallholder farmers in agribusiness supply chains in regions of South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/70511.

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Developing competitive agro-industries is essential to meet the growing demand for value-added agricultural products. The objective in this study is to analyse the effects of development policy at the local, provincial and regional levels to enhance the enabling environment for agribusiness supply chains in the region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study resulted the model for the government to create an effective program and policy intervention to enhance the enabling environment at the micro level.
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Fitri, Resfa. "Informal finance and poverty alleviation : a grassroots study of small farmers' credit in West Sumatra, Indonesia : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Development Studies at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1490.

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The main objective of this study is to explore the credit and savings behaviour of small farmers in rural areas of Indonesia, with particular reference to informal systems of credit. It examines the relationship between credit and rural poverty and on identifying small farmers' credit and savings behaviour as well as problems they encounter in accessing credit programmes at the grassroots level. In this study, the extent of informal credit programmes in rural areas is identified and an assessment is made of how important these schemes are to rural people, especially small farmers, from economic, social and cultural points of view. The influence of local culture and values on informal rural credit systems is also examined. Fieldwork was conducted in three villages of Solok district, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This study reveals that credit programmes, whether from the formal or informal sectors, have not had a positive impact on poverty alleviation. The majority of formal credit programmes in the three case study villages failed to give service to the rural poor, especially small farmers. It is likely that the reason for the failure was the unmet demand between the formal financial institutions as the credit providers and the small farmers as the credit recipients. The informal credit programmes were also unsuccessful in helping the poor to increase their income because the loans were small in size and were mainly used for fulfilling basic and emergency needs. Credit from informal sources is used for survival rather than for development. However, informal credit schemes were favoured by the majority of the rural population due to their flexibility and adaptation to local cultures and values. This study finds that informal credit schemes in these three case study villages have potential to empower local people and to strengthen traditional rural credit systems in the era of decentralisation. Arisan Suku, Julo-julo and 'friendly moneylenders' are examples of these informal credit schemes, and they figured significantly in the credit and savings activities of the poor in the study area. Therefore, this study rejects the conventional assumptions that informal finance is exploitative, insignificant and unorganised. The positive impact of local culture and values on the informal credit systems in the study area mainly focuses on the influence of local culture of Minangkabau and the value of Islamic religion in shaping rural informal credit systems. In this case Minangkabau people have been practicing credit and savings activities for a long time, and this reinforces the informal credit system in the area. Regarding the influence of Islamic values, this is in line with the current growing attention paid to the Islamic finance system, both at national and international levels. The positive impacts of local culture and values are important for developing a more participatory rural financial system. This study recommends that the future rural financial systems can be developed by combining positive features of both formal and informal credit systems.
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Mutaqin, Zainal, and 莫塔欽. "Location and Happiness of Indonesian Farmers." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c9tj92.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
農企業管理國際碩士學位學程
106
Abstract Student ID : G10682010 Title of Thesis : Location and Happiness of Indonesian Farmers Total Page : 50 Name of Institutes : 1. Department of International of Agribusiness Name of Institutes : 1. Management, National Pingtung University of Science Name of Institutes : 1. and Technology Name of Institutes : 2. Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Name of Institutes : 2. Brawijaya – Indonesia Name of Student : Zainal Mutaqin (莫塔欽) Advisors : Dr. Yessica C.Y.Chung (鍾秋悅 博士) Advisors : Dr. Ir. Suhartini, MP The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of social capital and the perception of infrastructure and public services on the farmers’ happiness in western and eastern Indonesia as compared to the regional disparities that happened between those two areas. The data used in this research is cross sectional data sourced from Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 by RAND and IFLS East by SurveyMETER. Happiness variable as dependent variable is ordinal, while for the independent variable there are four vectors such as perception of infrastructure and public services, social capital, self-rated of health condition, household assets and socio-demographics, such vectors were divided into three different levels, which are individual-, household-, and community-level. Hence, in order to take the variability at different levels into account, the Mixed-effect Ordered Logit (Meologit) regression was applied. The results were divided into two sections. Section one was results on the happiness of Indonesian farmers in generally; the individual-level variables that affected Indonesian farmers’ happiness in this section included age, gender, ethnicity, education and location. Market access is the only variable at community-level that significantly affected Indonesian farmers’ happiness. Section two was results on the different effects of such variables on the happiness of WI and EI farmers. At the individual-level most of the variables in the social capital, self-rated of health condition and socio-demographic vector showed significant effect on both of WI and EI farmers. At the household-level the variable of house-ownership was found more likely increases farmers’ happiness in WI, while the variable of market services was found to more likely increases farmers’ happiness in EI. It can be concluded that the variables of social capital at the individual-level are more likely affected farmers’ happiness than variables of perception on infrastructure of public services at the community-level. Keyword; Indonesian Farmers, Happiness, Meologit.
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41

Yusida, Ermita, and 艾蜜塔. "The Impact of Food Crop Import on Farmer’s Income in Indonesia: Applying CGE Model." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63325579310441920480.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
農企業管理系所
102
Food trade liberalization has been one of the crucial issues in Indonesia. It was indicated with increasing on international trade, both export and import. Indonesia as a country with agriculture basis, still have been pro and contra about food liberalization. The purpose of this research is to know how the impact of food crops import on farmer income and GDP in Indonesia. This research used Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model with the 2008 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) Table as the base data. Simulate the impact from food crops import. The results show that income in food crops import would decrease farmer income as well as real GDP, while if increase of food crops import that followed by increasing export and production in non agriculture products would increase farmer income.
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42

Abdoerrahman. "Integrated farm management for small holdings in Lombok (Indonesia)." 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AS/09asa1352.pdf.

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43

Abdoerrahman. "Integrated farm management for small holdings in Lombok (Indonesia)." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/107814.

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Discusses factors which affect the increase of small holdings output in and effort to increase the farmers income.
Thesis (M.App.Sc.(Agriculture)) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Business and Extension Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty, 1993
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Hermanto. "Demand for inputs and supply of rice under risk and selectivity bias a study of Indonesian farmers /." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26087239.html.

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45

Lee, Justin Lance. "Participation and pressure in the Mist Kingdom of Sumba : a local NGO's approach to tree-planting / by Justin Lee." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18745.

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Salafsky, Nick. "The forest garden project an ecological and economic study of a locally developed land-use system in West Kalimantan, Indonesia /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32190302.html.

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Attamimi, Faradilla [Verfasser]. "Sustainability analysis of beef production with Bali cattle in smallholder farms on Ceram Island, Indonesia / presented by Faradilla Attamimi." 2011. http://d-nb.info/1011049732/34.

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48

Toledo-Hernández, Manuel. "Cocoa pollination as a potential yield driver under changing management and climate." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1464-4.

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49

Maas, Bea. "Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes: Functional diversity, multitrophic interactions and crop yield." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E77-5.

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