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1
Jørgensen, Ole. "The regional distribution of zeolites in the basalts of the Faroe Islands and the significance of zeolites as palaeotemperature indicators." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 9 (May 31, 2006): 123–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v9.4865.
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The first maps of the regional distribution of zeolites in the Palaeogene basalt plateau of the Faroe Islands are presented. The zeolite zones (thomsonite-chabazite, analcite, mesolite, stilbite-heulandite, laumontite) continue below sea level and reach a depth of 2200 m in the Lopra-1/1A well. Below this level, a high temperature zone occurs characterised by prehnite and pumpellyite. The stilbite-heulandite zone is the dominant mineral zone on the northern island, Vágar, the analcite and mesolite zones are the dominant ones on the southern islands of Sandoy and Suðuroy and the thomsonite-chabazite zone is dominant on the two northeastern islands of Viðoy and Borðoy. It is estimated that zeolitisation of the basalts took place at temperatures between about 40°C and 230°C. Palaeogeothermal gradients are estimated to have been 66 ± 9°C/km in the lower basalt formation of the Lopra area of Suðuroy, the southernmost island, 63 ± 8°C/km in the middle basalt formation on the northernmost island of Vágar and 56 ± 7°C/km in the upper basalt formation on the central island of Sandoy. A linear extrapolation of the gradient from the Lopra area places the palaeosurface of the basalt plateau near to the top of the lower basalt formation. On Vágar, the palaeosurface was somewhere between 1700 m and 2020 m above the lower formation while the palaeosurface on Sandoy was between 1550 m and 1924 m above the base of the upper formation. The overall distribution of zeolites reflects primarily variations in the maximum depth of burial of the basalt rather than differences in heat flow. The inferred thinning of the middle and upper basalt formation from the central to the southern part of the Faroes is in general agreement with a northerly source area for these basalts, centred around the rift between the Faroes and Greenland. The regional zeolite distribution pattern is affected by local perturbations of the mineral zone boundaries that reflect local differences in the temperature, perhaps related to the circulation of water in the underground. The zonal distribution pattern suggests that these temperature anomalies are in part related to NW–SE-trending eruption fissures or zones of weakness separating the present islands and are subparallel to transfer zones in the Faroe–Shetland Basin. Both the regional and the local distribution of zeolite assemblages are probably a reflection of the basic volcanic-tectonic pattern of the Faroe Islands.
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HANSEN, LEIVUR JANUS, and GÍSLI MÁR GÍSLASON. "Trichoptera in the Faroe Islands." Zoosymposia 18, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.18.1.16.
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In this paper the literature on Trichoptera in the Faroe Islands is reviewed and occurrence of species in recent research on freshwater insects is added. The first record of Trichoptera dates from 1782, without any recognisable species. Today, 20 species are known from the islands, but their frequency of occurrence differs between the Northern Islands and the other islands. A difference in topography of the island groups has previously been hypothesized as an explanation, and data presented in this paper support this hypothesis.
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GÍSLASON, GÍSLI MÁR, and SNAEBJÖRN PÁLSSON. "Origin of the Trichoptera species in Iceland." Zoosymposia 18, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.18.1.15.
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This paper focuses on the origin of Trichoptera species in Iceland in light of the island biogeography of caddisflies in the North-Atlantic islands, i.e., Greenland, Svalbard, Iceland, Faroe Islands, Shetland, and Orkney, and adjacent larger regions, Norway and Britain. Three of the 12 recorded species have circumpolar distribution, the other nine are Palaearctic. The number of species declines with the distance from the mainland of Europe and is independent of the island sizes. However, the occurrence of species is stochastic, with only a few species common to the more remote islands—e.g., Iceland has 12 species and the Faroe Islands 20, but only 4 species are common to both islands. Studies on phylogeographic patterns of two species, Potamophylax cingulatus and Apatania zonella, show different history based on genetic markers. Potamophylax cingulatus in Iceland is from a western European lineage, distinct from two eastern and southern European lineages that may have diverged in southern refugia during the glacial periods of the latest Ice Age. The ancestors of the Icelandic population have migrated from the Iberian Peninsula up the west cost of Europe to the Faroe Islands and Iceland. The parthenogenetic A. zonella in Iceland originated near the Bering Strait, and has migrated along two routes, one westward through northern Eurasia and the other eastward through North America and Greenland to Iceland, where the two populations meet. Preliminary phylogeographic studies on two other circumpolar species, Limnephilus fenestratus and L. picturatus indicate possible interchanges between North America and Europe, but due to a low number of samples, it is difficult to state where the Icelandic population came from.
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Arge, Símun V. "Aspects of Hanse archaeology in the Faroe Islands." AmS-Skrifter, no. 27 (January 6, 2020): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/ams-skrifter.v0i27.279.
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Compared to the neighbouring countries in the North Atlantic, very few sites in the Faroe Islands can be interpreted as trading sites ascribed to German merchants. This paper deals with physical evidence found around the islands that might attest to such activity. It is based on place-name evidence, local oral traditions, and, not least, archaeological remains, such as buildings and artefacts. A few sites are examined, and the presence of the Germans in the capital of Tórshavn is particularly discussed. Two of the most characteristic buildings at the peninsula of Tinganes, the Munkastovan and Leigubúðin, are reinterpreted. The site of Krambatangi on the island of Suðuroy is equally important for this discussion. Archaeological investigations took place there in 1952. The place-name as well as local tradition connected to the site suggest the presence of a merchants’ booth – a trading site – located by a very fine natural harbour. The site is located close to the local assembly site in the village of Øravík.
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Born, E. W., E. Stefansson, B. Mikkelsen, K. L. Laidre, L. W. Andersen, F. F. Rigét, M. Villum Jensen, and D. Bloch. "A note on a walrus’ European odyssey." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 9 (February 21, 2014): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2921.
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This study reports on the first successful identification of the site of origin of an extralimital walrus in Europe. On 24 February 2010 an adult male Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) migrant was instrumented with a SPOT-5 satellite-linked transmitter (SLT) while hauled out on a beach on the Faroe Islands at 62° 15' N/06° 32' W. This SLT transmitted until 5 March during which period the walrus made local movements, likely for feeding. Transmissions were not received during 6-25 March, however, visual observations during this time indicated that the walrus remained at the Faroe Islands. A second transmitter was deployed on the same animal on 25 March 2010 at another site on the islands (62° 16' N/07° 04' W). Activity data collected over 13 days indicated that the walrus hauled out in three different places in the Faroe Islands and used a total of 24% of its time resting on land. On 29 March 2010 the walrus left the Faroe Islands and headed WNW towards NE Iceland. On 2 April it took a NNE course and swam towards Svalbard where the last location was received from a sea ice covered area on 25 April 2010 at 78° 27' N/09° 20' E (i.e. ca. 40 km west of the island of Prins Karls Forland in the western Svalbard archipelago). During 29 March-22 April the walrus swam a minimum distance of 2216 km between the last location at the Faroe Islands and the first location at Svalbard, with an average swimming speed of 4.5 km/h. A genetic analysis indicated that this walrus belonged to the Svalbard-Franz Josef Land subpopulation, thereby confirming that it returned to its site of origin.
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Díaz, Isabel, Luis Gómez-Hortigüela, Pilar Gálvez, Joaquín Pérez-Pariente, and Jana Ólavsdóttir. "Composite materials based on zeolite stilbite from Faroe Islands for the removal of fluoride from drinking water." American Mineralogist 104, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 1556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-7076.
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Abstract In this work, three samples of the zeolite stilbite from the Faroe Islands have been used to prepare zeolite/hydroxyapatite composite materials that have been tested for the removal of fluoride present as geogenic contaminant in underground water. The Faroe Islands are an archipelago in the North Atlantic that have volcanic origins of Paleocene and early Eocene age. Early reports on the presence of zeolites in the Faroe Islands indicate abundance of chabazite, analcite, mesolite, heulandites, and stilbite, with heulandite and stilbite dominant in the northern and northwestern part of the islands. Further investigations of the Faroese Geological Survey yielded zeolitic phases in Vestmanna, Streymoy, Morkranes, and Eysturoy, as well as in the sea tunnel that connects the island of Eysturoy with the island of Borðoy. Three stilbite samples coming from these locations have been used with the aim of producing composite materials for fluoride removal. For this purpose, the samples were exposed to a phosphate solution at room temperature for selected periods of time, in such a way that a hydroxyapatite layer develops on the surface of the zeolite crystals. The resulting composites consist of approximately 93% zeolite and 7% nano-hydroxyapatite, which is the active phase for fluoride removal. Excess fluoride (above 1.5 mg/L according to WHO) in drinking waters provokes dental or skeletal fluorosis, an endemic health problem in more than 25 countries. The defluoridation studies in our work are performed using real waters from Spain with initial [F–] of 7.1 mg/L. The capacity of the Faroe Islands stilbite-based adsorbent reaches 0.3 mg F–/g, showing similar behavior regardless of the stilbite sample used. The impact of the particle size of stilbite in the final defluoridation capacity is remarkable. An increase in the particle size leads to a dramatic decrease in the surface area, affecting the growth of the nano–hydroxyapatite on the zeolite surface and hindering, as a result, its capacity to remove fluoride. Interestingly, electron microscopy and X–ray powder diffraction results clearly show that nano–hydroxyapatite grow on the zeolite surface with a preferential orientation that maximizes the exposure of the (001) face containing the active sites for defluoridation, thus explaining the high F-removal efficiency of these materials.
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Enevoldsen, Peter, and Benjamin K. Sovacool. "Integrating power systems for remote island energy supply: Lessons from Mykines, Faroe Islands." Renewable Energy 85 (January 2016): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.06.065.
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Gaffin, Dennis. "No Nation Is an Island: Language, Culture, and National Identity in the Faroe Islands:No Nation Is an Island: Language, Culture, and National Identity in the Faroe Islands." American Anthropologist 99, no. 3 (September 1997): 667–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1997.99.3.667.
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Kwong, Ying-ho, and Mathew Y. H. Wong. "International linkages, geopolitics, and the Belt and Road Initiative: A comparison of four island territories." Island Studies Journal 15, no. 2 (2020): 131–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.127.
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Existing literature has placed a strong emphasis on foreign linkages for the sustainability of island territories. However, studies have largely focused the effect of Western linkages, leaving the rise of Asian linkages unexplored. Such an investigation is of increasing significance given China’s rise in global politics and its ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This article explains island territories’ inclination towards this newfound Chinese influence by comparing two Danish island territories and two Chinese island territories and argues that island territories with strong international linkages tend to face more challenges to accept the BRI, as demonstrated by the cases of Greenland and Hong Kong with stronger US strategic, military, and diplomatic linkages; and vice versa for the Faroe Islands and Macau with relatively weak international linkages. This paper contributes to the literature by moving beyond internal factors, including island types, sizes, and peripheralities, to explore how external factors, namely foreign linkages in international politics, from an alternative geopolitical perspective.
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Lawson, Ian T., Kevin J. Edwards, Mike J. Church, Anthony J. Newton, Gordon T. Cook, Freddy J. Gathorne-Hardy, and Andrew J. Dugmore. "ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Human impact on an island ecosystem: pollen data from Sandoy, Faroe Islands." Journal of Biogeography 35, no. 6 (December 18, 2007): 1130–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01838.x.
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Olausson, Pär, and Maria Ackrén. "Condition(s) for Island Autonomy." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 15, no. 2-3 (2008): 227–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181108x332613.
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AbstractThe inquiry is focusing on why island autonomy occurs. Our point of departure considers four possible conditions such as geographical distance, ethnicity, GDP/capita and size according to population leading towards island autonomy. We use two sample groups in our study: one encompassing autonomous islands deriving from different parts of the world, with three main islands illustrating what we mean by island autonomy. These consist of the Azores, the Faroe Islands and Isle of Man. The second group consists of so called non-autonomous islands scattered around the world.The analysis is carried out with a specific technique within the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) family and that is Multi-Value QCA (MVQCA). MVQCA is an extension of the Crisp-Set QCA (CSQCA) and withholds a dichotomous dependent variable, while the possible explanatory variables (independent variables) can have multi-values. As a second technique Fuzzy-Set QCA (FSQCA) is employed as a control technique only. While assessing these techniques we receive combinations of conditions leading to the outcome in question. Results show that with MVQCA we receive four different paths towards island autonomy. Ethnicity as the only explanation is one route towards the outcome. A second path is small or large size. Long geographical distance combined with no ethnic diversity is a third way towards island autonomy. The fourth path is long geographical distance combined with the lower or upper middle income group. All the paths are equally valid.
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Hayfield, Erika Anne. "Family-centred work motility in a small island society: the case of the Faroe Islands." Gender, Place & Culture 25, no. 8 (April 24, 2018): 1138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2018.1461075.
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Gaini, Firouz. "'He understands me in a different way than others do'." Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 45, no. 2 (March 17, 2021): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30676/jfas.v45i2.99098.
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In this paper a group of young people from Torshavn, the capital of the Faroe Islands, share their personal reflections and views on the ‘Faroese father’ in present-day society. The material from this qualitative study is used to examine and analyse the role and position of the father in relation to his family and working life, his masculinity and identity, and his general historic status in society. The main aim of the paper is to outline and illustrate a pattern of transition in Faroese fatherhood resonating new gender and family values, but also a social shift towards a (late) modern and diversified labour market with emerging female-dominated professions. Seen from the son’s and the daughter’s perspective, this paper suggests, the father’s place in the life of his children mirrors a very special relation associated with feelings of affection, safety, and guidance. Drawing on theoretical scholarship from fatherhood research in the tradition of critical men’s studies, as well as from anthropological family studies, this paper contributes to scientific reviews of fatherhood and masculinity in small island communities in shift. This study is part of the larger research project called Faroese Fatherhood in Transition (2018-2021) financed by Research Council Faroe Islands.
Keywords: fatherhood, masculinity, family life, fishermen, small islands, young people
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Bloch, D. "Beak tax to control predatory birds in the Faroe Islands." Archives of Natural History 39, no. 1 (April 2012): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2012.0065.
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A beak tax was levied in the Faroe Islands from 1742 until 1881. Every man between the ages of 15 and 50 was obliged each year to submit to the authorities one raven's beak or two beaks of a crow, great skua or greater black-backed gull. A fine was imposed if a man failed in this obligation. The tax was repealed in 1881, after which men were paid for the beaks, and records of the beaks exist until 1934. A total of about 800 beaks submitted annually did not appear to deplete the bird populations, however the increasing human population from around 1800 increased the pressure on the bird populations which then declined rapidly from around 1850. A brief increase in the number of beaks occurred after 1881 when men were paid for the beaks and after that time the populations declined again. The population of crows declined more dramatically than the raven population while the great skua had declined to four breeding pairs when it was protected in 1897. The number of beaks submitted is correlated to the island size, the habitat index and the number of sheep. The smack fishery from the 1880s resulted in a better economy and better survival of the ewes in the lambing season which led to less interest in shooting the four bird species that predated on lambs. The bird populations have recovered even though the Faroese are still allowed to hunt them all the year round.
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Lawson, Ian T., Mike J. Church, Kevin J. Edwards, Gordon T. Cook, and Andrew J. Dugmore. "Peat initiation in the Faroe Islands: climate change, pedogenesis or human impact?" Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, no. 1 (March 2007): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691007000035.
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ABSTRACTAs an isolated island group lying off the NW European mainland which was uninhabited until the mid-first millennium AD, the Faroes offer a unique opportunity to study natural processes of Holocene ecosystem development in a region where anthropogenic activity is usually a complicating factor. In this paper new radiocarbon dates and pollen-analytical data from the island of Sandoy, in the centre of the Faroes archipelago, are presented. Together with existing pollen and plant macrofossil records, these data allow a reconstruction of patterns of Holocene vegetational and edaphic change. Basal peat dates indicate that large areas of blanket mire were established long before the first human settlement, demonstrating conclusively that human impact is not necessary for the development of such ecosystems. The timing of the initiation of the blanket peats varies markedly, both across the Faroes as a whole and at a landscape scale, with dates distributed evenly over 9000 years. This suggests that, in the Faroes at least, pedogenesis was more important than climatic change in determining the timing of the spread of blanket peat systems.
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Jacobsen, Jógvan í. Lon. "Unges dialektbrug i bygden Sandur på Færøerne." Oslo Studies in Language 11, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/osla.8497.
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In this article, dialect changes and variation among young schoolchildren in the island of Sandoy in the Faroe Islands are discussed. The fieldwork was made by a group of students at the University of the Faroe Islands in November 2019 under the guidance of this article’s author. The informants are two groups of 10 and 15 year old schoolchildren. By examining the young generation, we can get information about the ‘state of health’ of the dialect. Here three dialectal variables are examined: (i) The variation of definite and indefinite form of words for family members, for instance the dialectal form mamman ‘the mother’ and the Central Faroese form mamma ‘mother’; (ii) Personal and possessive pronouns in 1st and 2nd person plural in oblique case, for instance the dialect form [o:gʊn] ‘us’ and the Central Faroese form [ɔʰk:ʊn] ‘us’; (iii) The pronunciation of short ó with the dialectal variant [ɔ] and the Central Faroese form [œ], for instance [fɔlk] resp. [fœlk] ‘people’.
The first variable shows clearly a tendency towards dialect change in the young generation: the indefinite forms are much more frequent than the dialect counterpart. The use of the pronouns shows a relatively high degree of variation: the dialect forms are more frequently used by the 10 than the 15 year old pupils. The pronunciation of short ó shows variation to a large extent. Here we see the same pattern as we saw for variable 2: the youngest pupils are more likely to use the dialect¬al form [ɔ] than the older ones. On the other hand, variation is much more common in the group of 15 year old pupils.
This study shows both stability and change in the dialect of children in Sandoy: Stability in use of the dialectal forms of the personal and possessive pro¬nouns, and variation and change in the two other variables. In a couple of years an underwater tunnel will connect the island of Sandoy with the central part of the islands. In a future scenario this dialect study opens the possibility for comparative studies of the dialect of Sandoy before and after the opening of the tunnel.
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Bogadóttir, Ragnheiður. "Blue Growth and its discontents in the Faroe Islands: an island perspective on Blue (De)Growth, sustainability, and environmental justice." Sustainability Science 15, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00763-z.
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Simonsen, William. "Agonum fuliginosum (Panzer, 1809). A New Record from the Faroe Islands / Agonum fuliginosum (Panzer, 1809). Nýggj skráseting úr Føroyum." Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 57 (February 26, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v57i0.75.
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<p><strong>Ú</strong><strong>r</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>ak: </strong>Svartaklukkan <em>Agonum fuliginosum</em> varð funnin í juli 2007 oman fyri Funningsbygd. Hetta er fyrstu ferð hendan klukkan er funnin í Føroyum. Klukkan varð funnin í vátum bøi, og er <em>Agonum fuliginosum</em> at finna í vátligum lendi í sínum útbreiðsluøki. Tað, at hendan klukkan nú er funnin í Føroyum, ger útbreiðsluøki hennara størri. Eisini vísir henda nýggja skrásetingin, hvønn týdning tað hevur at gera kanningar og skrásetingar av djóralívi í Føroyum. Við slíkum skrásetingum ber betur til at leggja til rættis, hvussu vit kunnu varðveita lívfrøðiliga margfeldið.</p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract: </strong>A new record in the Faroe Islands, <em>Agonum fuliginosum</em> (Panzer, 1808)(Coleoptera, Carabidae), was discovered in July 2007 on the island of Eysturoy. It was found above the village Funningur which is situated on the north-western part of the island. <em>Agonum fuliginosum</em> was found on small wet meadow like riverbank’s; in its area of distribution <em>A. fuliginosum</em> is associated with rather wet areas. Because of this new discovery, the known distribution of <em>Agonum fuliginosum</em> is expanded. The discovery shows the necessity of comprehensive surveys, to be able to plan protection of biodiversity.</p>
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Enckell, Pehr H., Sven-Axel Bengtson, and Bo Wiman. "Serf and Waif Colonization: Distribution and Dispersal of Invertebrate Species in Faroe Island Settlement Areas." Journal of Biogeography 14, no. 1 (January 1987): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2844789.
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Wermuth, L., P. von Weitzel-Mudersbach, and B. Jeune. "A two-fold difference in the age-adjusted prevalences of Parkinson’s disease between the island of Als and the Faroe Islands." European Journal of Neurology 7, no. 6 (December 2000): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-1331.2000.00131.x.
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Jessen, Catherine A., Mats Rundgren, Svante Björck, Camilla S. Andresen, and Daniel J. Conley. "Variability and seasonality of North Atlantic climate during the early Holocene: evidence from Faroe Island lake sediments." Holocene 18, no. 6 (September 2008): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683608093521.
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Christiansen, Flemming G. "Colophon, contents and introduction." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 15 (July 10, 2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v15.5030.
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This Review of Survey activities presents a selection of 22 papers reflecting the wide spectrum of activities of the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, from the microscopic to the plate-tectonic level.The Survey's activities in Denmark are illustrated by 13 articles. Five of them deal with petroleum-related topics and two others with groundwater-related topics. Four others describe raw material activities and environmental change, one paper presents a new Base Quaternary map of Denmark and one paper describes the deep structure below Denmark.Activities in Greenland are covered by five papers. Three of these address mineral and petroleum exploration, one concerns monitoring of the Greenland ice sheet and one focuses on historic investigations of Hans Ø, a small island in Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada.International projects and two new geoscientific methods: The survey also carries out many projects outside Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands. This bulletin includes descriptions of a coastal protection project in Kenya and a multinational project dealing with the implementation of the European Union's Water Framework Directive. Finally, two examples of new developments in instrumental geoscience are presented.
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Vidal, Nicolas, Susanne L. Amsinck, Vítor Gonçalves, José M. Neto Azevedo, Liselotte S. Johansson, Kirsten S. Christoffersen, Torben L. Lauridsen, et al. "Food Webs and Fish Size Patterns in Insular Lakes Partially Support Climate-Related Features in Continental Lakes." Water 13, no. 10 (May 15, 2021): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13101380.
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Disentangling the effects of climate change on nature is one of the main challenges facing ecologists nowadays. Warmer climates forces strong effects on lake biota for fish, leading to a reduction in size, changes in diet, more frequent reproduction, and stronger cascading effects. Space-for-time substitution studies (SFTS) are often used to unravel climate effects on lakes biota; however, results from continental lakes are potentially confounded by biogeographical and evolutionary differences, also leading to an overall higher fish species richness in warm lakes. Such differences may not be found in lakes on remote islands, where natural fish free lakes have been subjected to stocking only during the past few hundred years. We studied 20 species-poor lakes located in two remote island groups with contrasting climates, but similar seasonality: the Faroe Islands (cold; 6.5 ± 2.8 °C annual average (SD) and the Azores Islands (warm; 17.3 ± 2.9 °C)). As for mainland lakes, mean body size of fish in the warmer lakes were smaller overall, and phytoplankton per unit of phosphorus higher. The δ13C carbon range for basal organisms, and for the whole food web, appeared wider in colder lakes. In contrast to previous works in continental fresh waters, Layman metrics of the fish food web were similar between the two climatic regions. Our results from insular systems provide further evidence that ambient temperatures, at least partially, drive the changes in fish size structure and the cascading effects found along latitude gradients in lakes.
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Skuhravá, Marcela, and Václav Skuhravý. "Plant galls and gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Faroe Islands in the Atlantic Ocean / Plantuvølir og vølamíggj (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) í Føroyum." Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 57 (February 26, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v57i0.77.
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<p><strong>Ú</strong><strong>r</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>ak</strong>: Tíggju vølelvandi og vølatknýttar lívverur, ið komu fyri á sjey vertsplantusløgum, ið hoyrdu til sjey plantuættir, vórðu funnar nærindis Tórshavn í august 2005. Av teimum eru fimm sløg vølamíggj (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera), tvey eru eriophyid-mottur (Eriophyioidea, Acarina) og trý hoyra til ymsar soppaættir. Allir finningar eru nýggjar skrásetingar í Føroyum. Sjey sløg elva til vølir á ymsum vertsplantum, nevniliga Cecidomyiidae, <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em>, ið elvir til knubbavølir á vanligum baraldi, <em>Juniperus communis</em>, og <em>Contarinia floriperda</em>, ið elvir til blómuknubbavølir á einum slag av royniviði, <em>Sorbus aria</em>; Eriophyoidea, <em>Aceria pseudoplatani</em>, á bløð á einum slag av ahorn, <em>Acer pseudoplatanus</em>, og <em>Aculus anthobius</em> á stelk og blómur á einum slag av steinbrá, <em>Galium anisophyllum</em>; og soppurin <em>Cronartium ribicola</em>, ið elvir til vølir á bløð á sólberjarunni, <em>Ribes nigrum</em>, og <em>Melampsora caprearum</em> á bløð á pálmapíli, <em>Salix phylicifolia</em>, og <em>Puccinia violae</em> á bløð á dimmari blákollu, <em>Viola riviniana</em>. Trý vølamíggj, ið ikki elva til vølir, eru knýtt at vølelvandi lívverum, nevniliga <em>Mycodiplosis melampsorae</em> og <em>Clinodiplosis cilicrus</em>, bæði planturotátin (phytosaprophagous) sløg, ið eru knýtt at rotnum plantutilfari, og <em>Feltiella acarisuga</em>, eitt djóraátið (zoophagous) slag, ið gagnnýtir tetranychid-mottur. <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em>, <em>Contarinia floriperda</em> og <em>Puccinia violae</em> eru upprunalig í Føroyum í sambandi við upprunan at vertsplantuni; og tey sløg, ið eru eftir, eru fremmand og eru vorðin innslødd til Føroya við fólki. Frá einum lívfrøði- landafrøðiligum sjónarmiði eru <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em>, <em>Contarinia floriperda</em>, <em>Aceria pseudoplatani</em> og <em>Aculus anthobius</em> evropisk sløg, <em>Mycodiplosis melampsorae</em> og <em>Clinodiplosis cilicrus</em> eru evro-sibirisk sløg og <em>Feltiella acarisuga</em> er eitt alheimsslag. Finningurin av <em>C. floriperda</em> í Føroyum er tann norðasta fyrikomingin í Evropa. Tað lága talið á sløgum av vølelvandi lívverum í Føroyum kemst av landafrøðiligari avbyrging og natúrligum umstøðum í landinum, t.e. heldur lítil gróður og trot á trøum og runnum, sum kundu verið møguligar vertsplantur hjá vølelvandi lívverum.</p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract</strong> :Ten gall-causing and gall-associated organisms occurring on seven host plant species belonging to seven plant families were found near Tórshavn on the island of Streymoy, one of the Faroe Islands, in August 2005. Of these, five species are gall midges (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera), two are eriophyid mites (Eriophyioidea, Acarina) and three belong to various families of fungi. All findings are new records for the Faroe Islands. Seven species cause galls on various host plants, namely the Cecidomyiidae, <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em> causing bud galls on <em>Juniperus communis</em> and <em>Contarinia floriperda</em> inducing flower bud galls on <em>Sorbus aria</em>; the Eriophyoidea, <em>Aceria pseudoplatani</em> on leaves of <em>Acer pseudoplatanus</em> and <em>Aculus anthobius</em> on stems and flowers of <em>Galium anisophyllum</em>; and the fungi <em>Cronartium ribicola</em> galling leaves of <em>Ribes nigrum</em>, <em>Melampsora caprearum</em> on leaves of <em>Salix phylicifolia</em> and <em>Puccinia violae</em> on leaves of <em>Viola riviniana</em>. Three non-galling gall midges were associated with gall-causing organisms, viz. <em>Mycodiplosis melampsorae</em> and <em>Clinodiplosis cilicrus</em>, both phytosaprophagous species associated with decaying plant matter, and <em>Feltiella acarisuga</em>, a zoophagous species preying on tetranychid mites. <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em>, <em>Contarinia</em><em> </em><em>flo</em><em>r</em><em>iperda</em> and <em>Puccinia violae</em> are native to the Faroe Islands with regard to the origin of their host plants; and the remaining species are alien and were introduced to the Faroe Islands by man. From the biogeographical point of view <em>Oligotrophus juniperinus</em>, <em>Contarinia floriperda</em>, <em>Aceria pseudoplatani</em> and <em>Aculus anthobius</em> are European species, <em>Mycodiplosis melampsorae</em> and <em>Clinodiplosis cilicrus</em> are Euro-Siberian species and <em>Feltiella acarisuga</em> is a cosmopolitan species. The finding of <em>C. floriperda</em> in the Faroe Islands is the most northern occurrence in Europe. The low species number of gall-causing organisms in the Faroe Islands is the result of geographical isolation and natural conditions of these islands with relatively poor vegetation and lack of trees and shrubs, which may be potential host plants of gall-causing organisms.</p>
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Midjord, J. M. M., A. G. Vang, T. Hammer, J. Burisch, and K. R. Nielsen. "DOP44 Cancer risk in a high-incidence inflammatory bowel disease population: a Faroese IBD cohort study." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S081—S082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.083.
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Abstract Background The association between inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy is still controversial despite many observational studies. The Faroese population exhibits the highest occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of cancer in Faroese IBD patients within the nationwide Faroese IBD cohort. Methods This was a nationwide cohort study of all IBD patients diagnosed in the Faroe Islands from 1960 to 2014. Clinical demographics and cancer diagnosis were retrieved from patient files and from the Faroese cancer registry. Patients were followed until the event of cancer, death or emigration. Patients diagnosed with cancer prior to the IBD diagnosis were excluded. Observed numbers of cancer were compared with expected numbers based on ASR(N) (Nordic age- and sex-specific incidence rates) from Nordcan, by multiplying ASR(N) with person-years and follow-up in the study cohort and presented as standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95 % intervals (CIs). Results The cohort consisted of 664 incidence IBD patients. After excluding 12 patients with cancer prior to IBD diagnosis, 652 patients with a total follow-up length of 11 476 person-years were included (414 UC with 7.494 patient-years, 128 IBDU with 2.038 patient-years and 110 CD with 1.944 patient-years). A total of 56 patients developed cancer during the follow-up period compared with 39.2 expected cases in the background population. We observed no gender difference. In UC, 33 observed compared with 25.7 expected patients developed cancer (SIR 1.28; 95% CI, 0.88–1.80). In IBDU, 13 observed compared with 6.9 expected patients developed cancer (SIR 1.88; 95% CI 1.00–0.22). In CD, 10 cases were observed compared with 6.6 expected (SIR 1.51; 95% CI 0.73–2.79). The most common types of cancers observed are shown in Table 1. Conclusion In this nationwide cohort study, we found no overall risk of cancer in IBD patients in the geographic isolated Faroe Island. However, skin cancer occurred more than expected in IBDU patients. This finding needs to be investigated further including the influence of treatment on cancer risk.
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Gaini, Firouz. "Dreams of Cars on an Island - Youth, cars and cultural values in the Faroe Islands / Dreymar um bilar á oyggjum - Ungdómur, bilar og mentanarlig virði í Føroyum." Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 57 (February 26, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v57i0.72.
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<p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract</strong>: This article, based on a research project on youth and car cultures in the Faroe Islands, describes and analyses the meaning, value and symbol given to cars and driving among young people today. The article focuses on leisure, social interaction and cultural identity in order to understand and define the position and role of the car among young people. The risk behaviour and attitude of drivers is investigated with these questions in mind: How do young people interpret their own risk behaviour? How do young people communicate experiences and information concerning the safety and danger of driving? The article aims to give a fresh view on a field that has been characterized by strong prejudiced societal condemnation of young people’s attitudes and behaviour.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Útrak</strong></p><p>Hesin tekstur, ið hevur støði í granskingarverkætlan um ungdóm og bilmentan í Føroyum, lýsir og greinir meiningar, virði og symbol, ið ung geva bilum og bilkoyring í dag. Teksturin hyggur serliga at frítíðini, sosiala samskiftinum og mentanarliga samleikanum við tí fyri eyga at skilja og allýsa støðuna og leiklutin, ið bilurin hevur millum ung. Risiko-atferðin og hugburðurin hjá bil- førarum verða kannað við hesum spurningum í huga: Hvussu tulka ung sjálv sína risiko-atferð? Hvussu samskifta ung sínar royndir og sína vitan viðvíkjandi trygd og vanda í bilkoyring? Málið við tekstinum er at geva eina nýggja mynd av einum evni, ið hevur verið eyðkent av sterkari samfelagsligari fordøming av hugburði og atferð ungdómsins.</p>
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SÁNCHEZ, SOPHIA M., LIAT Y. GOLDSTEIN, and NORMAN O. DRONEN. "Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum Cobbold, 1858 (Diphyllobothriidea) from common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu) from the Texas Gulf coast, USA." Zootaxa 4379, no. 3 (February 15, 2018): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4379.3.11.
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Cobbold (1858) established Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858 with the description of Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum Cobbold, 1858 from the common harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus) (Phocoenidae), from the North Sea off Scotland. Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum typically has been reported from a number of Phocoenidae and Delphinidae hosts from a variety of localities: common harbor porpoise from the northern Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea and Black sea (e.g. Cobbold, 1858; Delyamure 1955; Delyamure 1968; Delyamure 1971; Delyamure et al. 1985; Anderson, 1987); bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu), from the Gulf of Mexico (Ward & Collins 1959), the Black sea (Delyamure et al. 1985); common harbor porpoise off Newfoundland (Brattey & Stenson 1995), the Black Sea (Krivokhizin & Birkun 1994 [see Yera et al. 2008]), off Denmark (Herreras et al. 1997); long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas [Traill], North Atlantic off Faroe Island (Balbuena & Raga 1993); Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus [Gray], off Massachusetts (Olson & Caira 1999).
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Wang, Zakarias. "Helgoland og Norðurhavsoyggjar / Heligoland and the Norwegian Islands in the North Atlantic." Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 57 (February 26, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v57i0.70.
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<p><strong>Ú</strong><strong>r</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>ak</strong>: Í 1814 kom friður í lag Stórabretlands, Svøríkis og Danmarkar millum. Stórabretland fekk frá Danmørk oynna Helgoland. Svøríki læt Danmørk svenska Pommern og Rügen móti at fáa Noreg, men í evstu stund var friðarsáttmálin broyttur, so norsku oyggjarnar í Norðurhøvum, Grønland, Føroyar og Ísland, ikki fylgdu við Noregi. Skjalatilfarið sigur lítið um, hví hetta hendi, men settar eru fram ymsar tilgitingar. Her verður tann tilgiting førd fram, at tað kann vera bretska kravið um Helgoland, sum hevur fingið Karl Johan at sleppa Norðurhavsoyggjum fyri at fáa friðin í lag beinanvegin. Á tann hátt slapp hann undan illstøðu við sameindu sínar, serliga bretar, sum vóru misnøgdir við, at hann hevði tikið seg burtur úr bardaganum ímóti Napoleon fyri at vinna Noreg.</p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract</strong>: The peace treaties of Kiel in 1814 between Denmark and the United Kingdom, and Denmark and Sweden ceded the island of Heligoland (Helgoland) to the UK and Norway to Sweden. In return for Norway, Denmark was given Pomerania and Rugen, the Swedish provinces in Germany. At the last moment, the treaty between Denmark and Sweden was changed, so the Norwegian islands in the North Atlantic, Greenland, Faroe and Iceland, should not be ceded to Sweden with Norway. The sources are rather silent on the reasons for this change. Different hypotheses have been put forward. Here the hypothesis is launched, that it is possible that the British demand for the island of Heligoland caused the Swedish crown prince and commander-in-chief Karl Johan relinquish on the islands in the North Atlantic in order to get the peace treaties signed at once so that he could prevent a conflict with his allies, especially the British, who were rather upset because he had pursued his own war aims instead of following the allies in their westward thrust in order to topple the reign of the emperor Napoleon.</p>
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Kjærgaard, Thorkild. "Freden i Kiel, Grønland og Nordatlanten 1814-2014." Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger 54 (March 3, 2015): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/fof.v54i0.118891.
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Thorkild Kjærgaard: The Peace in Kiel, Greenland, and the North Atlantic, 1814–2014
At the peace conference in Kiel (North Germany) in January 1814, the Danish-Norwegian North Atlantic Empire that controlled an enormous area of land and water, including not only Denmark (with Schleswig-Holstein) and Norway but also Iceland, the Faroe Islands and the huge, thinly populated ice-covered island of Greenland, was dissolved by the victorious powers of the Napoleonic wars. Norway was given to Sweden as compensation for Finland, which Sweden — now in the victorious coalition — had lost to Russia in 1809. Rather surprisingly, the Kingdom of Denmark — now, without Norway, Europe’s smallest independent country — was entrusted with Greenland, Iceland and the Faroe Islands, although these three North Atlantic areas since early medieval times had been a part of the Kingdom of Norway. Without question, this was a major historical injustice. For Denmark, the outcome of the 1814 conference in Kiel was twofold: it was reduced to a very small country and it became — and still is — a polar nation, which it had not been before. The article discusses three aspects of this complex. Firstly: What happened in Kiel? Why were the three North Atlantic territories taken from Norway and given to Denmark? Was it, as it has been claimed by a majority of historians, the merit of sly Danish diplomats or was it — as the author believes — the will of the United Kingdom that was imposed on two small countries, Sweden and Denmark? Secondly, it is discussed how Denmark dealt with its new role as a polar nation. It turns out that Denmark initially was a rather hesitant, not to say, unwilling polar nation. Gradually, however, the extraordinary qualities of the North Atlantic islands, especially Greenland, were recognized. Since the end of the 19th century, Greenland has been a major subject of Danish art and literature, just as it has been a decisive dimension of Danish scientific research. The last section of the article deals with the significance of Greenland for Danish security and foreign policy. It is shown how the suffocating dependency on Great Britain after 1814 gradually was reduced thanks to a rapprochement to the new world power, the United States, which very early on showed interest in Greenland, which is, geographically, a part of the North American continent. The close alliance with the United States has saved Greenland for Denmark, just as it has been extremely helpful for Denmark in number of critical situations since 1814, but it also has its price. The price is that Denmark always follows US and never questions US actions. Relatively, Denmark, one of President Bush’s “willing nations,” has had more casualties on the American battlefields in Iraq and Afghanistan than any other of the United States’ allied nations. The Danish soldiers who have been killed on Middle East or Central Asiatic battlefields since 2001 have died for Greenland.
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Mikkelsen, Bjarni. "A note on the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) in the Faroe Islands." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 8 (September 1, 2010): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2681.
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The harbour seal was exterminated as a breeding species in the Faroe Islands in the mid-19th Century. Historical sources document that the harbour seal used to be a common inhabitant of the sheltered fjords where breeding occurred. It was reported to be more common than the grey seal, the other pinniped specie resident around the Faroes. But the number of harbour seals seemingly decreased as human settlements and other anthropogenic activities increased. Seal hunting was apparently already introduced by the Norse that arrived on the islands in the 7th century, a hunt that finally lead to the extermination of the harbour seal. For the last 40 years the harbour seal has only been positively identified twice in the Faroe Islands, in 2001 and 2005.
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Christie, Philip, Ian Gollifer, and David Cowper. "Borehole seismic studies of a volcanic succession from the Lopra-1/1A borehole in the Faroe Islands, northern North Atlantic." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 9 (May 31, 2006): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v9.4856.
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Extruded basalt flows overlying sedimentary sequences present a challenge to hydrocarbon exploration using reflection seismic techniques. The Lopra-1/1A re-entry well on the Faroese island of Suðuroy allowed us to study the seismic characteristics of a thick sequence of basalt flows from well logs and borehole seismic recordings. Data acquired during the deepening operation in 1996 are presented here. The re-entry well found that the seismic event at 2340 m, prognosed from the pre-drill Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) as a decrease in impedance, was not base basalt and the deepened well remained within the lower series basalts. Nonetheless, compressional and shear sonic logs and a density log were recorded over the full open hole interval. These allowed a firm tie to be made with the reflected wavefield from a new VSP. The sonic logs show a compressional to shear wavespeed ratio of 1.84 which is almost constant with depth. Sonic compressional wavespeeds are 3% higher than seismic velocities, suggesting dispersion in the basalt flows. Azimuthal anisotropy was weakly indicated by the shear sonic log but its orientation is consistent with the directions of mapped master joints in the vicinity of the well. The VSP downgoing compressional wavelet shows good persistence, retaining a dominant period of 28 ms at 3510 m depth. Average vertical velocity is 5248 m/s, higher than previously reported. Attenuation can largely be modelled by geometrical spreading and scattering loss, consistent with other studies. Within the piled flows, the effective Q from scattering is about 35. Elastic layered medium modelling shows some hope that a mode-converted shear wave may be observed at moderate offsets. Like its predecessor, the 1996 VSP indicates a decrease in impedance below the final depth of the well. However, it is unlikely to be basement or sediment and is probably an event within the volcanic sequence.
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Adams, Jonathan. "Jakob Jakobsen in Shetland and the Faroes." Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 59 (January 11, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v59i0.50.
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<p>Turið Sigurðardóttir and Brian Smith, eds. <em>Jakob Jakobsen in </em><em>Shetland and the Faroes (Gremista, Lerwick: Shetland Amenity Trust and University of the Faroe Islands, 2010). Pp.</em> <em>i–vii + 278. ISBN 978-0-956-5698-1-3.</em></p>
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Adler-Nissen, Rebecca. "The Faroe Islands." Cooperation and Conflict 49, no. 1 (January 10, 2014): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836713514150.
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Joensen, Poul. "The Faroe Islands." Practical Neurology 15, no. 4 (February 3, 2015): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2015-001085.
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Hansen, B., K. M. H. Larsen, H. Hátún, R. Kristiansen, E. Mortensen, and S. Østerhus. "Transport of volume, heat, and salt towards the Arctic in the Faroe Current 1993–2013." Ocean Science 11, no. 5 (September 22, 2015): 743–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-11-743-2015.
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Abstract. The flow of warm and saline water from the Atlantic Ocean, across the Greenland–Scotland Ridge, into the Nordic Seas – the Atlantic inflow – is split into three separate branches. The most intense of these branches is the inflow between Iceland and the Faroe Islands (Faroes), which is focused into the Faroe Current, north of the Faroes. The Atlantic inflow is an integral part of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC), which is projected to weaken during the 21st century and might conceivably reduce the oceanic heat and salt transports towards the Arctic. Since the mid-1990s, hydrographic properties and current velocities of the Faroe Current have been monitored along a section extending north from the Faroe shelf. From these in situ observations, time series of volume, heat, and salt transport have previously been reported, but the high variability of the transport has made it difficult to establish whether there are trends. Here, we present results from a new analysis of the Faroe Current where the in situ observations have been combined with satellite altimetry. For the period 1993 to 2013, we find the average volume transport of Atlantic water in the Faroe Current to be 3.8 ± 0.5 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) with a heat transport relative to 0 °C of 124 ± 15 TW (1 TW = 1012 W). Consistent with other results for the Northeast Atlantic component of the THC, we find no indication of weakening. The transports of the Faroe Current, on the contrary, increased. The overall increase over the 2 decades of observation was 9 ± 8 % for volume transport and 18 ± 9 % for heat transport (95 % confidence intervals). During the same period, the salt transport relative to the salinity of the deep Faroe Bank Channel overflow (34.93) more than doubled, potentially strengthening the feedback on thermohaline intensity. The increased heat and salt transports are partly caused by the increased volume transport and partly by increased temperatures and salinities of the Atlantic inflow, which have been claimed mainly to be caused by the weakened subpolar gyre.
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Hansen, B., K. M. H. Larsen, H. Hátún, R. Kristiansen, E. Mortensen, and S. Østerhus. "Increasing transports of volume, heat, and salt towards the Arctic in the Faroe Current 1993–2013." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 3 (June 9, 2015): 1013–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-1013-2015.
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Abstract. The flow of warm and saline water from the Atlantic Ocean, across the Greenland–Scotland Ridge, into the Nordic Seas – the Atlantic inflow – is split into three separate branches. The most intensive of these branches is the inflow between Iceland and the Faroe Islands (Faroes), which is focused into the Faroe Current, north of the Faroes. The Atlantic inflow is an integral part of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC), which is projected to weaken during the 21 century and might conceivably reduce the oceanic heat and salt transports towards the Arctic. Since the mid-1990s, hydrographic properties and current velocities of the Faroe Current have been monitored along a section extending north from the Faroe shelf. From these in situ observations, time series of volume, heat, and salt transport have previously been reported, but the high variability of the transport series has made it difficult to identify trends. Here, we present results from a new analysis of the Faroe Current where the in situ observations have been combined with satellite altimetry. For the period 1993 to 2013, we find the average volume transport of Atlantic water in the Faroe Current to be 3.8 ± 0.5 Sv (1 Sv =106 m3 s−1) with a heat transport relative to 0 °C of 124 ± 15 TW (1 TW =1012 W). Consistent with other results for the Northeast Atlantic component of the THC, we find no indication of weakening. The transports of the Faroe Current, on the contrary, increased. The overall trend over the two decades of observation was 9 ± 8% for volume transport and 18 ± 9% for heat transport (95% confidence intervals). During the same period, the salt transport relative to the salinity of the deep Faroe Bank Channel overflow (34.93) more than doubled, potentially strengthening the feedback on thermohaline intensity. The increased heat and salt transports are partly caused by the increased volume transport and partly by increased temperatures and salinities of the Atlantic inflow, attributed mainly to the weakened subpolar gyre.
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Weihe, P., and P. Grandjean. "FAROE ISLANDS PROSPECTIVE COHORTS." Epidemiology 16, no. 5 (September 2005): S139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200509000-00352.
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Japsen, Peter, Morten Sparre Andersen, Lars Ole Boldreel, Lars Ole Boldreel, Regin Waagstein, Robert S. White, and Michael Worthington. "Seismic and petrophysical properties of Faroe Islands basalts: the SeiFaBa project." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 4 (July 20, 2004): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v4.4784.
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Flood basalt-covered basins exist worldwide along continental margins and are now in focus as targets for future hydrocarbon exploration. It is generally difficult to image through the basalt cover by conventional seismic reflection methods, and this is a major challenge to future petroleum exploration offshore the Faroe Islands. Long-offset profiling has proven very successful (White et al. 2003). Surprisingly, however, it is possible to image through kilometre-thick basalt sequences on some conventional profiles. Details of basalt stratigraphy are revealed on old, reprocessed seismic profiles as well as on recently acquired profiles, even though the imaging may be unsuccessful on nearby profiles (e.g. Boldreel & Andersen 1993). This stresses the need for a better understanding of the acoustic and other physical properties of basalt as well as of the degree of three-dimensional heterogeneity. The SeiFaBa project (Seismic and petrophysical properties of Faroes Basalt, 2002–2005) is funded by the Sindri Group as part of the programmes for licensees within the Faroese offshore area, and addresses these issues with special focus on the subaerially extruded flood basalts of the Faroe Islands (cf. Japsen et al. in press).
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Van Grouw, H., and D. Bloch. "History of the extant museum specimens of the Faroese white-speckled raven." Archives of Natural History 42, no. 1 (April 2015): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2015.0276.
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The white-speckled raven, a colour aberration of the Faroese raven Corvus corax varius Brünnich, 1764 , has occurred on the Faroe Islands since at least the Middle Ages, and was always prized by collectors. In the second half of the nineteenth century while the Faroese raven population as a whole was suffering intense persecution, pied individuals were even more severely hunted, and were extinct by the beginning of the twentieth century. Details of twenty six specimens found in museum collections are given in this paper, as well as an overview of collectors on the Faroes who may have collected specimens.
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Jemec, Gregor B. E., Michael Heidenheim, Tomas N. Dam, and Edith Vang. "Teledermatology on the Faroe Islands." International Journal of Dermatology 47, no. 9 (September 2008): 891–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03718.x.
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KESER NEISH, J., and H. ZISKA. "Structure of the Faroe Bank Channel Basin, offshore Faroe Islands." Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series 6, no. 1 (2005): 873–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0060873.
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Larsen, Bárður, and Kári á Rógvi. "A New Faroese Constitution? – Faroe Islands between Parliamentary Sovereignty and Sub-Sovereign Constitutionalism, between Statutory Positivism and Pragmatic Reasoning." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 4, no. 1 (2012): 341–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427-91000097.
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Abstract The Bill for a Faroese Constitution [StjórnarskipanFøroya] submitted to Parliament [Løgtingið] on 6 March 2010, proposes a comprehensive Constitution for the Faroe Islands, for the first in history. This seems left somewhat on the late side, since the Faroes are an ancient polity with similar historic developments to Norway and Iceland, both of which got their full-bodied constitutions as sub-sovereign entities, in 1814 and 1874 respectively. Furthermore, few metropolitan powers should prima facie be more accommodating to sub-sovereign constitutions as Denmark, to whose Crown the Faroes have been associated, as she has historically recognised both an Icelandic constitution ‘besides’ and both a Common Constitution1 and EU quasifederal2 structure ‘above’ the Danish one. However, the same proud civil service that produced a beautiful construction of federation with the ‘Basic-Law on the Rights of Nationality’ of 1756 with its elaborate hierarchy of ‘Realms and Lands’ and ‘equivalents’ has perplexingly advised rather strongly against the proposed expression of popular sovereignty of the equivalent Nation of one of these Lands and the intended invitation to continue a long-standing peaceful plurality. In a Note of 2 June 2010, and a supplementary Note of 20 June 2011, the Danish Justice Ministry expressed the disgust of the Danish administrative establishment. The critique mostly focused on the supposed collision course with the Basic Law of the Danish Realm [groundless] and claimed that the Faroese Constitution would create considerable ‘doubt of a constitutional character.’ We argue that the issues raised do not follow from any convincing constitutional doctrine but are more ideological and based on an anti-pragmatic, a-historic and fundamentalist view of constitutional law, best categorised as late-late statutory positivism. As an alternative, we suggest the tradition of the Home Rule compact as a pragmatic and constructive disagreement that the Justice Ministry is about to abandon at its peril. Blocking the development of a living constitutional culture on the Faroe Islands will create tension that will be released somehow. The Ministry’s preoccupation with the proclamation that all power stems from the People of the Faroe Islands is at odds with the classic and almost trivial democratic notion of popular sovereignty. However, this is but the latest skirmish in a larger tragic and unnecessary campaign against realism and, indeed, reality that creates all sorts of problems for a small polity that needs to focus on principled solutions and gradual developments of the particulars of law in all fields.
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Jakobsen, Linda P., Kirsten Mølsted, and Kaare Christensen. "Occurrence of Cleft Lip and Palate in the Faroe Islands and Greenland from 1950 to 1999." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 40, no. 4 (July 2003): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2003_040_0426_ooclap_2.0.co_2.
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Objective To describe the occurrence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and isolated cleft palate (CP) in the Faroe Islands and Greenland over a 50-year time period that has included substantial changes in lifestyle. Design A prevalence study based on patient records obtained from the Institute of Speech and Hearing Disorders in Copenhagen, Denmark, at which the treatment of patients with CP and CL/P from Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and Denmark is coordinated. Participants All live-born children in the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Denmark with CL/P or CP born in the period 1950 to 1999 (Faroe Islands and Greenland) and 1950 to 1987 (Denmark). Results and Conclusion The mean prevalence of CL/P in the Faroe Islands and Greenland during the period 1950 to 1999 was 1.0 and 0.6 per 1000 live births, respectively. This is significantly lower than the mean prevalence of 1.4 (p < .05 and p < .001) per 1000 live births found in Denmark. The mean prevalence of CP in the Faroe Islands and Greenland was 1.5 and 1.1 per 1000 live births, respectively, which is significantly higher than the Danish prevalence of 0.5 per 1000 live births (p < .001 in both tests). There was no clear time trend in the prevalence, indicating that genetic factors or timetable environmental factors play a dominating role in the etiology of CL/P and CP in the Faroe Islands and Greenland.
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Joensen, Poul. "Multiple sclerosis: variation of incidence of onset over time in the Faroe Islands." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 17, no. 2 (October 26, 2010): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510386997.
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Epidemiological studies of multiple sclerosis (MS) conducted in the Faroe Islands identified 10 annual incidences per 100,000 in 1945 and 4.5 in the period 1986–2007. The aim of this study was to estimate the annual incidence of onset of MS in the Faroe Islands in the six decades from 1943 to 2002 and during the period 2003–7.All patients diagnosed with MS between 1943 and 2007 were documented. The incidence of MS before 1943 was around 0.2 per 100,000 annually. During the period 1943–62, an annual incidence rate of 4.4 [confidence interval (CI) 2.9–6.1] per 100,000 was observed. During the 20-year period 1963–82, the level declined significantly ( p < 0.001) to around 0.6 (0.3–1.5). Thereafter, an increase was seen during the period 1983–2002, evidencing a significant ( p < 0.001) sevenfold increase in the annual incidence to 4.6 (3.2–6.2) per 100,000. Subsequently, for the period 2003–7, there was again a decline to 2.4 (2.1–3.3) ( p = 0.003). This study confirms that significant variation in the incidence of MS has occurred in the Faroes over time. Because the rate of genetic change within the Faroese population is relatively slow, the study suggests environmental factors as a contributing cause of MS. If only genetic factors for susceptibility were important, the incidence rate should not wax and wane over time, as is observed.
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Setyonugroho, Olivia Martha, I. Gede Pasek Eka Wisanjaya, and Made Maharta Yasa. "Indigenous Whaling Tradition in Faroe Islands under International Law." Udayana Journal of Law and Culture 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ujlc.2019.v03.i02.p04.
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The issue of whaling has been extensively debated in various international occasions since it causes a declines in many of the world’s whale population. Presently, Faroe Islands is one of the few regions in Denmark that still adamantly practiced whaling for traditional purposes, even though Denmark itself has prohibit it. This writing aims to analyze the whaling tradition in Faroe Islands from the International Law perspective. Further, to examine whether Denmark has an international obligation to end whaling activities in Faroe Islands. The method that is used in this writing is the normative legal research. The result of this analysis shows that the tradition in Faroe Islands is consistent with International Law, thus Denmark has no international obligation to end the tradition.
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Richardson, K. R., J. R. Smallwood, R. S. White, D. B. Snyder, and P. K. H. Maguire. "Crustal structure beneath the Faroe Islands and the Faroe–Iceland Ridge." Tectonophysics 300, no. 1-4 (December 1998): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(98)00239-x.
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Haehn, James O., and Jonathan Wylie. "The Faroe Islands: Interpretations of History." Western Folklore 47, no. 1 (January 1988): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1500060.
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Kurtzke, J. F., K. Hyllested, J. D. Arbuckle, H. Bronnum-Hansen, M. T. Wallin, A. Heltberg, H. Jacobsen, A. Olsen, and L. S. Eriksen. "Multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 96, no. 3 (January 29, 2009): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1997.tb00258.x.
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Katsaprakakis, Dimitris Al, Bjarti Thomsen, Irini Dakanali, and Kostas Tzirakis. "Faroe Islands: Towards 100% R.E.S. penetration." Renewable Energy 135 (May 2019): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.12.042.
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Bojlén, Knud. "TYPHOID FEVER ON SUDERØ (FAROE ISLANDS)." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 13, no. 2 (February 4, 2010): 172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0463.1936.tb05562.x.
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