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1

Pirri, Carmelo, Nina Pirri, Chiara Ferraretto, et al. "Ultrasound Imaging of the Superficial and Deep Fasciae Thickness of Upper Limbs in Lymphedema Patients Versus Healthy Subjects." Diagnostics 14, no. 23 (2024): 2697. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232697.

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Background/Objectives: Lymphedema, a common source of disability among oncology patients, necessitates continuous targeted rehabilitation. Recent studies have revealed the role of connective tissue in this pathology; however, despite existing research on ultrasound (US) use in lymphedema, no studies have specifically addressed the use of ultrasound to assess fasciae in patients with lymphedema. This study aims to provide a more objective characterization of typical US alterations in these patients by quantifying the thickness of superficial and deep fasciae and comparing them with those of hea
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2

F Sutter Latorre, Gustavo. "Liberacao miofascial pelvica profunda (Manobra do Ligamento Largo) associada ou nao ao LPF." Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia Pelvica 2, no. 1 (2022): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.62115/rbfp.2022.2(1)4-15.

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Background: Among genitopelvic pain is the pain deep into the vagina and deeper than the uterine cervix, different from pain related to penetration or superficial connective pain. Aims: To test the view of abdominal and pelvic fascia, muscles and viscera by ultrasound (USG), as well as the view of two myofascial techniques, one intravaginal and the other external, and diaphragmatic aspiration of LPF, comparing the effectiveness of each technique alone or in combination, regarding the mobilization of visceral and parietal fasciae. Method: Exploratory experimental study guided by USG. Results: M
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3

Nash, Lance, Helen D. Nicholson, and Ming Zhang. "Does the Investing Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia Exist?" Anesthesiology 103, no. 5 (2005): 962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200511000-00010.

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Background The placement of the superficial cervical plexus block has been the subject of controversy. Although the investing cervical fascia has been considered as an impenetrable barrier, clinically, the placement of the block deep or superficial to the fascia provides the same effective anesthesia. The underlying mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional organization of connective tissues in the anterior region of the neck. Methods Using a combination of dissection, E12 sheet plastination, and confocal microscopy, fascial structures in the anterior
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Jiang, Dongsheng, and Yuval Rinkevich. "Furnishing Wound Repair by the Subcutaneous Fascia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (2021): 9006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169006.

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Mammals rapidly heal wounds through fibrous connective tissue build up and tissue contraction. Recent findings from mouse attribute wound healing to physical mobilization of a fibroelastic connective tissue layer that resides beneath the skin, termed subcutaneous fascia or superficial fascia, into sites of injury. Fascial mobilization assembles diverse cell types and matrix components needed for rapid wound repair. These observations suggest that the factors directly affecting fascial mobility are responsible for chronic skin wounds and excessive skin scarring. In this review, we discuss the l
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Wang, Tina, Roya Vahdatinia, Sarah Humbert, and Antonio Stecco. "Myofascial Injection Using Fascial Layer-Specific Hydromanipulation Technique (FLuSH) and the Delineation of Multifactorial Myofascial Pain." Medicina 56, no. 12 (2020): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120717.

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Background and objectives: The aims of this study were to delineate the contribution of specific fascial layers of the myofascial unit to myofascial pain and introduce the use of ultrasound-guided fascial layer-specific hydromanipulation (FLuSH) as a novel technique in the treatment of myofascial pain. Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 20 consecutive adult patients who underwent myofascial injections using FLuSH technique for the treatment of myofascial pain were reviewed. The FLuSH technique involved measuring the pain pressure threshold using an analog algometer initially and after
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Pirri, Carmelo, Nina Pirri, Andrea Porzionato, Rafael Boscolo-Berto, Raffaele De Caro, and Carla Stecco. "Inter- and Intra-Rater Reliability of Ultrasound Measurements of Superficial and Deep Fasciae Thickness in Upper Limb." Diagnostics 12, no. 9 (2022): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092195.

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Ultrasound (US) imaging is increasingly the most used tool to measure the thickness of superficial and deep fasciae, but there are still some doubts about its reliability in this type of measurement. The current study sets out to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of US measurements of superficial and deep fasciae thicknesses in the arm and forearm. The study involved two raters: the first (R1) is an expert in skeletal–muscle US imaging and, in particular, the US assessment of fasciae; the second (R2) is a radiologist resident with 1 year’s experience in skeletal–muscle US imag
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7

Fede, Caterina, Claudia Clair, Carmelo Pirri, et al. "The Human Superficial Fascia: A Narrative Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 3 (2025): 1289. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031289.

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In recent years, the interest in the comprehension of the fasciae has significantly grown, together with the necessity of finding a consensus for a terminology of the fasciae in the research and clinical fields. Furthermore, it is becoming necessary to categorize the various types of fascia (superficial, deep, visceral, neural) since they possess different anatomical characteristics, and are implicated in different pathophysiological pathways. While in the past we have described the deep/muscular fascia, the aim of this work is to summarize and catalog the information relating to the human sup
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8

Setiaji, Adrian, Tertianto Prabowo, Novitri, and Deta Tanuwidjaja. "Fascial biotensegrity." Bali Medical Journal 14, no. 1 (2024): 309–14. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v14i1.5286.

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Fascia is a part of connective tissue that consists of irregular, three-dimensional collagen fiber plating that infiltrates into bone, muscle, joint, and nerve fiber. Fascia also provides an ideal environment for the organ system to function properly. Myofascial refers to the structure of muscle tissue (myo-) and connective tissue (fascia) distributed all over the body. Myofascial continuity is the longitudinal and transversal connection of two adjacent structures in a braided structure. The concept of fascial adaptation is imperative in movement execution during daily activities. Anatomically
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9

Updike, Susan J. "Fascial compartments of the equine crus." American Journal of Veterinary Research 46, no. 3 (1985): 692–96. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.03.692.

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SUMMARY The deep fascia of the equine crus was dissected grossly and separated into 2 layers, the superficial and deep laminae of the deep fascia. Attachments of these fascial laminae to the tibia and fibula formed 5 separate osteofascial compartments: cranial, lateral, caudal deep, caudal intermediate, and caudal superficial. Cranial tibial vessels and the deep peroneal nerve entered the cranial compartment through separate fascial hiatuses; this may predispose the equine crus to the occurrence of compartmental syndromes with clinically recognizable neural deficits.
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10

Chen, David Z., Aravinda Ganapathy, Yash Nayak, et al. "Analysis of Superficial Subcutaneous Fat Camper’s and Scarpa’s Fascia in a United States Cohort." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 10, no. 8 (2023): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10080347.

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Together, the Camper’s and Scarpa’s fasciae form the superficial fat layer of the abdominal wall. Though they have clinical and surgical relevance, little is known about their role in body composition across diverse patient populations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between patient characteristics, including sex and body mass index, and the distribution of Camper’s and Scarpa’s fascial layers in the abdominal wall. A total of 458 patients’ abdominal CT examinations were segmented via CoreSlicer 1.0 to determine the surface area of each patient’s Camper’s, Scarpa’s, and viscera
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11

Kersschot, Jan. "Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Glucopuncture: A Case Report." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 14, no. 7 (2024): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240731.

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The fascial system represents a sophisticated and intricate network within the human body, comprising both superficial and deep layers. Fascial dysfunction is usually related to musculoskeletal pain, but may also be involved in other vague pain syndromes, such as irritable bowel syndrome. Glucopuncture, as applied in this case, involves the administration of 5% dextrose (or 5% glucose) injections directly into the superficial fascia, to address vague pain syndromes. This article presents a patient who underwent glucopuncture for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Patients who complain
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12

Skandalakis, Panagiotis N., Odyseas Zoras, John E. Skandalakis, and Petros Mirilas. "Transversalis, Endoabdominal, Endothoracic Fascia: Who's Who?" American Surgeon 72, no. 1 (2006): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480607200104.

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In Terminologia Anatomica of 1998, the fasciae of the trunk are listed as parietal, extraserosal, and visceral. Parietal fascia is defined as the fascia located outside the parietal layer of a serosa (e.g., pleura, peritoneum) lining a body wall cavity. The parietal fascia of the thorax is endothoracic fascia, and that of the abdomen is endoabdominal fascia. According to Terminologia Anatomica, endoabdominal fascia comprises: 1) transversalis fascia and 2) investing abdominal fascia: deep, intermediate and superficial. Thus, transversalis fascia is the innermost layer of endoabdominal fascia a
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13

Wormald, P. J., and T. Alun-Jones. "Anatomy of the temporalis fascia." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 7 (1991): 522–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100116500.

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AbstractThe anatomy of the different layers of the temporalis fascia is reviewed. The superficial and deep layers of the temporalis fascia have been studied by light microscopy to assess any histological difference between the two. We have also assessed the physical characteristics of the different layers by measuring their Young's modulus in the wet and dry states.Anatomically the superficial layer is part of the epicranial aponeurosis and thus covers nearly the entire lateral aspect of the skull. The deep temporal fascial layer covers exactly the temporalis muscle and measures 10 × 12 cm. Th
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14

Constantinescu, Gheorghe M., and Robert C. McClure. "Anatomy of the orbital fasciae and the third eyelid in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 51, no. 2 (1990): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1990.51.02.260.

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SUMMARY The connective tissue structures commonly referred to as the periorbita, orbital septum, muscular fasciae, and vagina bulbi or collectively, as the orbital fasciae were dissected then illustrated and described. Two sheets (layers) of the periorbita (endorbita) were found in our dogs. The periorbita should be renamed endorbita because of its anatomic relations. The periorbita did not always fuse with the periosteum of frontal and sphenoid bones. Rather, the periorbita and the periosteum were often distinct and separate; only medioventrally did several fibrous bands unite the superficial
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15

Slesarenko, N. A., E. O. Oganov, and E. O. Shirokova. "Anatomical and topographic features of fascia of the gluteal-femoral region in the common lynx." International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, no. 4 (December 13, 2023): 250–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.250.

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The article presents anatomical features of the superficial and deep fascia, in particular on the pelvic limb of the common lynx, which are absent in the available literature. The material for the research was a sectional material - pelvic limbs (n= 6), selected from the common lynx, without external signs of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. Methods of fine macro- and microanatomic dissection of the lynx's left pelvic limb were used. At the same time, a functional analysis of the studied structures and skeletotopic projection of muscles, fascia and fascial nodes were carried out. Bas
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16

Noten, Karl, and Robbert van Amstel. "From Muscle–Bone Concept to the ArthroMyoFascial Complex: A Pragmatic Anatomical Concept for Physiotherapy and Manual Therapy." Life 14, no. 7 (2024): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14070799.

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Background: In physiotherapy, the classic muscle–bone concept is used to translate basic and clinical anatomy. By defining the anatomical structures from superficial to deeper layers which frame the ArthroMyoFascial complex, our aim is to offer clinicians a comprehensive concept of within the muscle–bone concept. Method: This study is a narrative review and ultrasound observation. Results: Based on the literature and ultrasound skeletonization, the ArthroMyoFascial complex is defined. This model clarifies fascial continuity at the joint level, describing anatomical structures from skin to deep
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Pirri, Carmelo, Nina Pirri, Diego Guidolin, Veronica Macchi, Raffaele De Caro, and Carla Stecco. "Ultrasound Imaging of the Superficial Fascia in the Upper Limb: Arm and Forearm." Diagnostics 12, no. 8 (2022): 1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081884.

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The superficial fascia has received much attention in recent years due to its important role of compartmentalizing the subcutaneous tissue. Ultrasound (US) imaging, owing to its high definition, provides the possibility of better visualizing and measuring its thickness. The aim of this study was to measure and compare, with US imaging, the thickness of superficial fascia in the arm and forearm in different regions/levels. An observational study has been performed using US imaging to measure superficial fascia thickness in the anterior and posterior regions at different levels in a sample of 30
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18

Olson, Krista L., and Spiros Manolidis. "The Pedicled Superficial Temporalis Fascial Flap: A New Method for Reconstruction in Otologic Surgery." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 126, no. 5 (2002): 538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.125114.

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OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to describe a novel fascial flap of the temporal region and its use for reconstruction in otologic and neurotologic surgery. METHODS: The superficial temporalis fascia has an axial blood supply derived from the middle temporal artery and can be raised independently from the overlying temporoparietal fascia or the underlying deep temporalis fascia. This flap was used on 15 consecutive patients to solve a wide variety of reconstructive problems after otologic procedures. RESULTS: No additional morbidity was observed from the use of this flap. There were no complications
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Kim, Jong-Seo. "Efficacy, Safety, and Longevity of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection in Treating Temple Hollowness by Sonographic Identifying 17 Soft Tissue Layers." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 12, no. 9 (2024): e6154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006154.

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Background: Successful aesthetic interventions in upper-face aging require a profound understanding of the intricate anatomy of temporal. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in temple areas by combining quantitative analysis with detailed anatomical insights. Methods: Twenty-five women received HA injections for temple hollowness. The injections targeted the interfacial layer between superficial and deep temporal fascia. Three-dimensional scanning, hollowness examination, and sonographic measurements were conducted 3 and 6 months postproced
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Fede, Caterina, Lucia Petrelli, Carmelo Pirri, Cesare Tiengo, Raffaele De Caro, and Carla Stecco. "Detection of Mast Cells in Human Superficial Fascia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (2023): 11599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411599.

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The recent findings showed that the superficial fascia is a fibrous layer in the middle of hypodermis, richly innervated and vascularized, and more complex than so far demonstrated. This study showed the presence of mast cells in the superficial fascia of the human abdomen wall of three adult volunteer patients (mean age 42 ± 4 years; 2 females, 1 male), by Toluidine Blue and Safranin-O stains and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Mast cells are distributed among the collagen bundles and the elastic fibers, near the vessels and close to the nerves supplying the tissue, with an average density
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Ferreira Marques L, Hajji A, and Mesbahi A. "Treatment of fascial pain in the knee fold: A clinical case." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 25, no. 2 (2025): 784–90. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.2.0357.

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Family physicians and sports medicine practitioners frequently encounter patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain that does not conform to specific diagnostic patterns. One potential explanation for such ambiguous pain syndromes is soft tissue injury, including fascial damage, which may not yet be detectable on imaging studies. The fascial system (FS) is an intricate network comprising both superficial and deep layers. Over the last decade, its dysfunction has been increasingly linked to MSK disorders and regional pain syndromes [1-3]. As a biomechanical structure and a major sensory organ, th
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Kanagamuthu, Priya, Guna Keerthana Ramesh, Aswin Vaishali Natarajan, and Rajasekaran Srinivasan. "Deep Neck Space Abscess – A Case Report." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 37 (2021): 3310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/671.

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Deep neck spaces are regions of loose connective tissue present between three layers of deep cervical fascia, namely, superficial, middle, and deep layers. The investing layer is the superficial layer, the pre-tracheal layer is the intermediate layer, and the prevertebral layer is the deep layer. Deep neck space infection (DNI) is defined as an infection in the potential spaces and actual fascial planes of the neck. Spread of infection occurs along communicating fascial boundaries. These deep neck spaces may be further classified into 3 anatomic groups, relative to the hyoid bone: Those locate
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Broderick, James M., Keith A. Synnott, and Kevin J. Mulhall. "Minimally invasive fasciotomy using a lighted retractor in the treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 28, no. 1 (2019): 230949901989280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499019892800.

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Chronic exertional compartment syndrome can be a debilitating cause of lower leg pain that typically affects young, healthy people during a variety of aerobic activities. Conservative management has produced a poor success rate and numerous techniques for surgical decompression have been described. Many of these, however, involve blind fascial dissection which increases the risk of direct nerve injury or insufficient fascial release. We describe a novel technique of mini-open fasciotomy using a lighted retractor which enables direct visualization of the fascia and the superficial peroneal nerv
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Buergin, Joel, Lucas Werth, René Largo, Arnaud Scherberich, Dirk J. Schaefer, and Alexandre Kaempfen. "Cross-sectional Vascularization Pattern of the Adipofascial Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Application in Tissue-engineered Bone Grafts." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 10, no. 2 (2022): e4136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000004136.

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Background: As part of the engineering of bone grafts, wrapping constructs in well-vascularized tissue, such as fascial flaps, improves bone formation. Our aim was to understand the cross-sectional vascularization pattern of human adipofascial flaps for this application. Methods: Seven adipofascial anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps were harvested from five human cadaveric specimens. Axial vessel density was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative histology. Results: We found a high density of blood vessels directly superficial to and close to the fascia. A secondary plexus in between t
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Lopushniak, L. Ya, T. V. Khmara, O. F. Marchuk, O. M. Boichuk, L. М. Gerasym, and A. A. Halahdyna. "DEVELOPMENTAL PECULIARITIES OF TOPOGRAPHIC MORPHOLOGY OF CERVICAL FASCIA AND CELLULAR SPACES IN ANTERIOR AND LATERAL CERVICAL REGIONS IN HUMAN FETUSES." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 2 (2020): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.2.150.

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In-depth study of the peculiarities of the morphological, topographic and anatomical relationships between fascia, muscles, vessels, nerves, cellular spaces and organs of other parts of the human body requires applying an appropriate methodology of morphological research. According to some researchers, the superficial, pretracheal, and prevertebral plates of the cervical fascia develop depending on the origin and morphogenesis of the respective groups of neck muscles. Obtaining data on the development of topographic morphology of the cervical fascia and interfascial cellular spaces of the ante
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Kersschot J. "History of Glucopuncture." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 1925–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0254.

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Glucopuncture is a treatment option originating from Europe (Austria) and Asia (South Korea). It is a medical technique which uses regional injections with 5% sugar water such as D5W (or G5W) into dermis, fascia, joints, muscles and ligaments. Pain modulation is mainly achieved by intradermal, fascial and US-guided perineural injections. Biotensegrity regulation is mainly achieved by injecting into the superficial layer of regional fascia. Functional improvement is achieved by giving injections into muscles. Such intramuscular injections can support and accelerate tissue repair, which is an in
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Kersschot, J. "History of Glucopuncture." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 1925–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13352744.

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Glucopuncture is a treatment option originating from Europe (Austria) and Asia (South Korea). It is a medical technique which uses regional injections with 5% sugar water such as D5W (or G5W) into dermis, fascia, joints, muscles and ligaments. Pain modulation is mainly achieved by intradermal, fascial and US-guided perineural injections. Biotensegrity regulation is mainly achieved by injecting into the superficial layer of regional fascia. Functional improvement is achieved by giving injections into muscles. Such intramuscular injections can support and accelerate tissue repair, which is an in
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28

Zhang, Ming, and Antonio S. J. Lee. "The Investing Layer of the Deep Cervical Fascia does not Exist between the Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius Muscles." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 5 (2002): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.129823.

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OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the 3-dimensional organization of connective tissues in the suboccipital region. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a sectional anatomic investigation with the use of E12 sheet plastination. SUBJECTS: Six human adult cadavers (2 male and 4 female; age range, 54 to 86 years) were used in this study. Five of them were sectioned as 2.5-mm-thick coronal (1 cadaver), transverse (2 cadavers), or sagittal (2 cadavers) sections. RESULTS: No aggregation of fibrous connective tissue was seen between the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. The intervening space
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Yang, Lynda J. S., Vishal C. Gala, and John E. McGillicuddy. "Superficial peroneal nerve syndrome: an unusual nerve entrapment." Journal of Neurosurgery 104, no. 5 (2006): 820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2006.104.5.820.

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✓Lower-extremity pain and paresthesia have multiple origins. Early recognition of the symptoms of peripheral nerve entrapment leads to timely treatment and avoids the cost of unnecessary studies. The authors report on a case of superficial peroneal nerve syndrome resulting from nerve herniation through a fascial defect, which was responsive to surgical treatment. This 22-year-old man presented with pain and paresthesias over the lateral aspect of the right calf and the dorsum of the foot without motor weakness. Exercise led to the formation of a tender bulge approximately 12 cm above the later
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Morales-Avalos, Rodolfo, and Priscila Madelein Requena-Araujo. "The Dynamic Microanatomy of skin and fascia. From the deep fascia to the skin surface." Dermatology and Dermatitis 2, no. 2 (2018): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8949/024.

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The study of the structure of the skin and fascia in recent years has made important advances with respect to the "dynamic anatomy" that they present, that is, the anatomical relationships and tissue interconnections that you share through different tissues. In the same way fascias have been recognized as important sources of origin of different pathologies in the last years, so the greater knowledge of their function and structure is indispensable. The aim of this article is to review the last advances in the anatomic terminology of the soft superficial tissues as advances and recent anatomic
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Kersschot J. "Treatment of Fascial Pain with Glucopuncture." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 11, no. 1 (2024): 1227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.1.0133.

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Over the last decade, clinicians worldwide discovered that fascia plays an important role in musculoskeletal posture, balance and tensegrity. Most physicians are not fully aware that the fascial system also contains a lot of nociceptors. This may explain its potential role in vague musculoskeletal pain syndromes. However, treating fascial pain effectively is not an easy task. Recently, it has been postulated that glucopuncture – a technique which applies multiple regional injections with dextrose 5% - can regulate pain originating from fascial dysfunction. The mode of action is probably relate
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Khmara, T., N. Kuzniak, M. Ryznychuk, I. Zamorskii, H. Chernikova, and A. Petryuk. "CLINICAL ANATOMY OF THE ORAL CAVITY FLOOR." Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 23, no. 4 (2024): 120–29. https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.23.4.2024.77.

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Modern development of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery requires thorough basic morphological studies of the oral cavity and surrounding tissues, as well as generalization of existing literature data. The analysis of modern scientific literature allows us to conclude that, despite a number of scientific anatomical works, the determination of ontogenetic transformations and individual anatomical variability of muscles and fasciae, blood vessels and nerves of the human oral cavity floor are topical issues of modern medicine. The floor of the mouth is a complex of soft tissues (muscles, fascia,
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Rupert, Ricks, Hopcroft Suzanne, Powari Manish, Carswell Andrew, and Robinson Phillip. "Tissue Penetration of Bipolar Electrosurgery at Different Power Settings." British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research 22, no. 1 (2017): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33773.

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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar electro-surgery is used in all disciplines of surgery to aid in haemostasis. Although common sense dictates tissue penetration will be effected by power settings, no formal evaluation of this effect has been made. We performed an experiment to accurately measure the tissue penetration of bipolar diathermy at different strengths. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>Laboratory study using a porcine liver model. Different wattages (10–40 W) of bipolar electro-surgery were applied to deceased porcine liver, with and without fascial covering for a fixed du
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Ndiaye, A., S. Touré, F. M. Diop, A. S. Ndiaye, B. K. Diallo, and M. L. Sow. "Artère temporale superficielle : typologie et application au lambeau de fascia temporal superficialis." Morphologie 88, no. 282 (2004): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1286-0115(04)98140-4.

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Komatsu, Mika, Fuminari Komatsu, Antonio Di Ieva, Tooru Inoue, and Manfred Tschabitscher. "Endoscopic Reconstruction of the Middle Cranial Fossa Through a Subtemporal Keyhole Using a Pedicled Deep Temporal Fascial Flap." Operative Neurosurgery 70, suppl_1 (2011): ons157—ons162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31822fedbb.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the skull base is essential to prevent postoperative leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, a reliable method of reconstructing the middle cranial fossa via a subtemporal keyhole is not available. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether less invasive reconstruction of the middle cranial fossa under endoscopic guidance with a pedicled deep temporal fascia approach via a subtemporal keyhole is feasible and useful. METHODS: The middle cranial fossa in 4 fresh cadaver heads was reconstructed with a 4-mm 0° rigid endoscope. RESULTS: A subtemporal skin incision
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Maharaj, Shivesh, Sumaya Ahmed, and Preba Pillay. "Deep Neck Space Infections: A Case Series and Review of the Literature." Clinical Medicine Insights: Ear, Nose and Throat 12 (January 2019): 117955061987127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179550619871274.

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Deep neck spaces are regions of loose connective tissue filling areas between the 3 layers of deep cervical fascia, namely, superficial, middle, and deep layers. The superficial layer is the investing layer, The pretracheal layer is the intermediate layer and the prevertebral layer is the deepest layer. Deep neck space infection (DNI) is defined as an infection in the potential spaces and actual fascial planes of the neck. Once the natural resistance of fascial planes is overcome, spread of infection occurs along communicating fascial boundaries. More recent trends include the increasing preva
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Balakrishnan, C., and S. B. Vanjari. "SUPERFICIAL FASCIAL SYSTEM." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 89, no. 2 (1992): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199202000-00044.

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38

Hu, Pei-an, and Zheng-rong Zhou. "Imaging findings of radiologically misdiagnosed nodular fasciitis." Acta Radiologica 60, no. 5 (2018): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185118788894.

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Background Nodular fasciitis rarely occurs in young adults and children; it usually resembles other tumors, even malignancy. Purpose To review the imaging findings of six cases of nodular fasciitis misdiagnosed radiologically. Material and Methods The clinical and radiologic features of six cases of histologically proven but radiologically misdiagnosed nodular fasciitis were reviewed retrospectively. Two cases underwent both plain and enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans and the other four had both regular and enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) scans. Results All six patients were young (five
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WASILEWSKA, Agata, Jakub WASILEWSKI, and Andrzej PERMODA. "The effect of one-time task fascial therapy on range of motion during spinal flexion." Medycyna Manualna 1, no. 4 (2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.8446.

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The latest findings of scientists and literature, pay attention to the important role of fascia in the human body. The fascia is supplied with blood, innervated a n d b e c a u s e o f c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s construction, also very plastic. During d i a g n o s i s o f d y s f u n c t i o n o f m u s c u l o s k e l e t a l s y s t e m , it is important to look at the patient in a holistic way. In practice the fascial dysfunction is far away from the place of issue and is crucial to the impaired function. This thesis is a response for patients and therapists, who have problem with the s
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Magerl, Walter, Emanuela Thalacker, Simon Vogel, et al. "Tenderness of the Skin after Chemical Stimulation of Underlying Temporal and Thoracolumbar Fasciae Reveals Somatosensory Crosstalk between Superficial and Deep Tissues." Life 11, no. 5 (2021): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11050370.

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Musculoskeletal pain is often associated with pain referred to adjacent areas or skin. So far, no study has analyzed the somatosensory changes of the skin after the stimulation of different underlying fasciae. The current study aimed to investigate heterotopic somatosensory crosstalk between deep tissue (muscle or fascia) and superficial tissue (skin) using two established models of deep tissue pain (namely focal high frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) (100 pulses of constant current electrical stimulation at 10× detection threshold) or the injection of hypertonic saline in stimulus locati
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Miller, Lauren E., and David A. Shaye. "Noma and Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Face and Neck." Facial Plastic Surgery 37, no. 04 (2021): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1722894.

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AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis (NF) is part of the class of necrotizing soft tissue infections characterized by rapid fascial spread and necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia. If left untreated, NF can rapidly deteriorate into multiorgan shock and systemic failure. NF most commonly infects the trunk and lower extremities, although it can sometimes present in the head and neck region. This review provides an overview of NF as it relates specifically to the head and neck region, including its associated clinical features and options for treatment. Noma, a related but r
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Kanuck, David M., Thomas Zgonis, and Gary Peter Jolly. "Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 96, no. 1 (2006): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0960067.

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Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft-tissue infection characterized by extensive necrosis of subcutaneous fat, neurovascular structures, and fascia. In general, fascial necrosis precedes muscle and skin involvement, hence its namesake. Initially, this uncommon and rapidly progressive disease process can present as a form of cellulitis or superficial abscess. However, the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with necrotizing fasciitis suggest a more serious, ominous condition. A delay in diagnosis can result in progressive advancement highlighted by widespread infection, multiple-organ invo
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Proniaiev, V., and O. Tsyhykalo. "ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE PERINEUM IN THE FETAL PERIOD OF ONTOGENESIS." Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 23, no. 4 (2024): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.23.4.2024.71.

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The perineum is an area located between the muscular structures of the gluteal and femoral regions. Thus, the perineum externally resembles the shape of a rhombus and has the following borders: in front it is surrounded by the pubic symphysis, branches of the pubic and sciatic bones; behind – by the lower edges of the gluteus maximus muscles, the coccyx and the sacrotuberous ligament. On the sides – by the sciatic tubercles of the sciatic bones. The conditional line, which passes between the two gluteal tubercles and lies on the tendon center of the perineum, divides the rhomboid section of th
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Pirri, Carmelo, Debora Emanuela Torre, Astrid Ursula Behr, et al. "Ultrasound-Guided Analgesia in Cardiac and Breast Surgeries: A Cadaveric Comparison of SPIP Block with Single and Double Injections vs. DPIP Block." Life 15, no. 1 (2024): 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15010042.

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The evolution of regional anesthesia techniques has markedly influenced the management of postoperative pain, particularly in thoracic surgery. As part of a multimodal analgesic approach, fascial plane blocks have gained prominence due to their efficacy in providing targeted analgesia with minimal systemic side effects. Among these, the superficial intercostal plane (SPIP) block and deep parasternal intercostal plane (DPIP) block are of notable interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the dye spread to the anterior chest wall space and its spread pathway through anatomical morphometr
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Putterman, Allen M. "Deep and Superficial Eyelid Fascia." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 129, no. 4 (2012): 721e—723e. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0b013e318245e7a2.

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Park, Chan-Sol, Soo-Jin Ahn, Yeong-Bae Lee, and Chang-Ki Kang. "Effects of Polyurethane Absorber for Improving the Contrast between Fascia and Muscle in Diagnostic Ultrasound Images." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 2126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14052126.

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In ultrasound diagnostics, acoustic absorbers block unwanted acoustic energy or prevent the reception of echo signals from structures outside the target area. Non-metallic absorbers provide a low-echoic signal that is suitable for observing the anatomy of the area to which the absorber is attached. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a polyurethane film absorber (PU) on ultrasound diagnostic imaging and investigate its effectiveness in improving the image contrast between the fascia and muscle structures. Twenty-six healthy men in their twenties participated in this study. The ex
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Kumar, Pramod, Arvind Kumar Pandey, Brijesh Kumar, K. S. Aithal, and Antony Sylvan Dsouza. "Gross anatomy of superficial fascia and future localised fat deposit areas of the abdomen in foetus." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 46, no. 03 (2013): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.122002.

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ABSTRACT Background: The development and popularity of body contouring procedures such as liposuction and abdominoplasty has renewed interest in the anatomy of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous fat deposits of the abdomen. The study of anatomy of fascia and fetal adipose tissue was proposed as it may be of value in understanding the possible programing of prevention of obesity. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to understand the gross anatomy of superficial fascia of abdomen and to study the gross anatomy of future localized fat deposits (LFDs) area of abdomen in fetus. Materi
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Albertin, Giovanna, Laura Astolfi, Caterina Fede, et al. "Detection of Lymphatic Vessels in the Superficial Fascia of the Abdomen." Life 13, no. 3 (2023): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13030836.

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Recently, the superficial fascia has been recognized as a specific anatomical structure between the two adipose layers—the superficial adipose tissue (SAT) and the deep adipose tissue (DAT). The evaluation of specific characteristics of cells, fibers, blood circulation, and innervation has shown that the superficial fascia has a clear and distinct anatomical identity, but knowledge about lymphatic vessels in relation to the superficial fascia has not been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of lymphatic vessels in the hypodermis, with a specific focus on the superfici
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Canete Portillo, S., A. Theriault, D. F. Sanchez, A. L. Cubilla, L. Celias, and M. Fernandez-Nestosa. "Histological anatomical levels of penile shaft. A histochemical evaluation of 15 cases." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 160, Supplement_1 (2023): S46—S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqad150.104.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Penile carcinomas (PeCa) arising in the skin of the shaft are rare. Staging systems for PeCa are based on tumor invasion of anatomical levels designed for tumors arising in the glans and foreskin but not for those primary of the shaft. There is scant information about anatomical levels in the shaft. The objective of this study was to evaluate and describe anatomical levels of the shaft with emphasis of the fascias, using histochemical stains. Methods/Case Report Sections of penile mid shaft from 15 penectomies with PeCa from 2000-2015 were evaluated. H&amp;E, tr
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Panicek, DM, and SH Leeson. "Superficial fascial calcification in epidermolysis bullosa." American Journal of Roentgenology 148, no. 3 (1987): 577–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.148.3.577.

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