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Camelo, Priscila Medeiros, and Ewerton Reubens Coelho-Costa. "Fashion Weeks and Events Tourism in Brazil." Revista Rosa dos Ventos - Turismo e Hospitalidade 8, no. 3 (2016): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/21789061.v8i3p301.
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Silvano, Filomena. "Quando as roupas habitam a cidade:." Latitude 15, no. 2 (2022): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.28998/lte.2021.n.2.13122.
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As fashion weeks são rituais em que participam os membros de uma comunidade a qual podemos chamar, tendo a proposta de Becker (1982) como referência, o “mundo da moda”. Embora conectado com uma comunidade específica, esse ritual impacta a vida social das cidades, transmutando os seus espaços. Este texto começa por fazer, tendo por base o caso de Paris, um breve historial do percurso de dispersão pelo espaço da cidade que os desfiles de moda fizeram desde o século XIX até a atualidade, associando esse percurso às principais modificações de caráter social e performativo, que esses eventos foram sofrendo. Em um segundo momento, o texto centra-se na cidade de Lisboa, que é tomada como um estudo de caso revelador, apesar das suas particularidades e das dinâmicas universais do ritual das fashion weeks. Palavras-chaves: Fashion Weeks. Mundo da Moda. Ritual. Performance. Espaço. Cultura Material. Vestir. Abstract The fashion weeks are rituals that participates members of a community we can call, having Becker's (1982) proposal as a reference, the “world of fashion”. Although connected to a specific community, this ritual impacts the social life of cities, transmuting their spaces. This text begins by making, based on the case of Paris, a brief history of the route of dispersion throughout the city that fashion shows have made from the 19th century to the present day, associating this route with the main changes of social and performative character, that these events suffered. In a second moment, the text focuses on the city of Lisbon, which is taken as a revealing case study, despite its particularities, the universal dynamics of the fashion weeks ritual. Keywords: Fashion Weeks. World of Fashion. Ritual. Performance. Space. Material Culture. Dress.
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Geissinger, Andrea, and Christofer Laurell. "Tracing brand constellations in social media: the case of Fashion Week Stockholm." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 22, no. 1 (2018): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-12-2016-0115.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of fashion weeks on brand constellations of participating fashion companies in social media.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyses how brand constellations take form for seven Swedish fashion companies before, during and after Fashion Week Stockholm. In total, 3,449 user-generated contents referring to the sampled brands were collected and analysed.FindingsOn average, brand constellations of participating companies are increasingly incorporating other participating brands as a result of the fashion week. Based on the presented results, four brand constellation outcomes for participating fashion companies are identified: brand constellation amplification, concentration, division and dilution.Research limitations/implicationsAs this paper is focussed on the Swedish market, additional results from fashion weeks taking place in other cities would be beneficial to verify the four brand constellation outcomes.Practical implicationsThe results question the resilience of professionally curated brand constellations due to the emergence of user-driven constellations that also shape the position of fashion brands. Therefore, this development can potentially have a considerable impact on often carefully orchestrated brand positioning strategies executed by fashion companies.Social implicationsDigitally fuelled interdependences of brand constellations by professionals and consumers attest to the dilution of borders between consumers and producers.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the field of fashion marketing and management by identifying four different brand constellation outcomes in social media for participating fashion companies as a result of fashion weeks and how to managerially handle these respective outcomes.
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Mirza, Romana. "Contemporizing Modesty." Fashion Studies 1, no. 2 (2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.38055/fs010204.
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Contemporary Muslim Fashions, September 22, 2018 – January 6, 2019 was organized by the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, shown in the de Young Museum and curated by Jill D’Alessandro and Laura Camerlengo, both curators at the museum, and consulting curator Reina Lewis, a scholar at the London College of Fashion, University of the Arts London. The aim was to represent contemporary Muslim fashions. To this end, they assembled and exhibited a collection of garments from the most popular fashion designers of the day, chosen from a series of shows at modest fashion weeks around the world. Supplemented by key pieces that have gained traction in the news such as the Burkini™ and Nike®’s sport hijab, this exhibit elevated perceptions and highlighted a global view by showing designs from around the globe, honouring the African-American, Muslim-American, Arab, and South East Asian cultures and aesthetics. Supporting the sartorial narrative was a display of visual and multimedia art from hip hop music videos, film, Instagram feeds, photography, magazine covers, and prints. The multimedia “exhibit within an exhibit” complemented the sartorial narrative by providing a contemporary context for the clothing. It reminded the observer that the exhibit was not merely about fashion history or the evolution of modesty in dress but about a contemporary moment. The relationship between fashion and the body was explored through designs that cover the body and intentionally hide the often objectified and sexualized female figure to reveal a contemporary approach to fashion that is empowering.
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Motta, Eduardo. "Espaço aberto: um esboço de Brasil." dObra[s] – revista da Associação Brasileira de Estudos de Pesquisas em Moda 7, no. 16 (2014): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26563/dobras.v7i16.30.
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Recentemente, pude ver o Brasil pelo olhar de dois estrangeiros. Juntos, atravessamosum pedaço do país salpicado de praias e fashion weeks, moldado pela arquitetura,amedrontado pelos crimes urbanos, envergonhado pelo Pastor Feliciano econtaminado pelos movimentos da campanha política de 2014 (...)
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Geissinger, Andrea, and Christofer Laurell. "User engagement in social media – an explorative study of Swedish fashion brands." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 20, no. 2 (2016): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-02-2015-0010.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature by exploring how curvilinear manifestations of user engagement can be explained in the setting of fashion-oriented social media. Design/methodology/approach – This study analyses how ten Swedish fashion brands have been integrated in expressions of user engagement in social media. In total, a material of 11,173 user-generated contents from different types of social media applications over a period of 12 weeks was collected and analysed. Findings – The results of this paper show that user engagement fluctuates considerably over time in social media. It also shows that the degree of engagement varies between different forms of social media applications. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature on fashion marketing and user engagement by adding empirical support for the suggestion that expressions of engagement found in social media are curvilinear in their nature. It also concludes that highly involved and engaged users, instead of being brand activists, tend to be variety seekers in the studied setting that when taken together represents an emerging managerial challenge for the fashion industry and particularly fashion firms.
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Casadei, Patrizia, and Neil Lee. "Global cities, creative industries and their representation on social media: A micro-data analysis of Twitter data on the fashion industry." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 52, no. 6 (2020): 1195–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x20901585.
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The creative and cultural industries form an important part of many urban economies, and the fashion industries are one of the exemplar creative industries. Because fashion is based on intangibles such as branding and reputation, it tends to have a two-way relationship with cities: urban areas market themselves through their fashion industry, while the fashion industry draws heavily on the representation of place. In this paper we investigate this interlinked relationship between the fashion industry and place in four of the major cities of global fashion – London, New York, Milan and Paris – using data from the social media platform Twitter. To do this, we draw upon a variety of computer-aided text analysis techniques – including cluster, correspondence and specificity analyses – to examine almost 100,000 tweets collected during the Spring–Summer fashion weeks of February and March 2018. We find considerable diversity in how these cities are represented. Milan and Paris are seen in terms of national fashion houses, artisanal production and traditional institutions such as galleries and exhibitions. New York is focused on media and entertainment, independent designers and a ‘buzzy’ social life. London is portrayed in the most diverse ways, with events, shopping, education, social movements, political issues and the royal family all prominent. In each case, the historical legacy and built environment form important parts of the city’s image. However, there is considerable diversity in representation. We argue that social media allow a more democratic view of the way cities are represented than other methodologies.
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Fürst, Anton, Patrick Kircher, Katharina Kluge, Martin Kummer, and Micaël Klopfenstein Bregger. "Salter-Harris type II metacarpal and metatarsal fracture in three foals." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 29, no. 03 (2016): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-15-05-0079.
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Summary Objectives: To describe minimally-invasive lag screw osteosynthesis combined with external coaptation for the treatment of Salter-Harris type II third metacarpal and third metatarsal bone fractures. Methods: Three foals aged two weeks to four months with a Salter-Harris type II third metacarpal or third metatarsal fracture. Surgery was carried out under general anaesthesia in lateral recumbency. After fracture reduction, the metaphyseal fragment was stabilized with two cortical screws placed in lag fashion under fluoroscopic control. A cast was applied for at least two weeks. Results: All foals had a good outcome with complete fracture healing and return to complete soundness without any angular limb deformity. All foals had moderate transient digital hyperextension after cast removal. Clinical significance: Internal fixation of Salter-Harris type II third metacarpal or third metatarsal fractures with two cortical screws in lag fashion, combined with external coaptation provided good stabilization and preserved the longitudinal growth potential of the injured physis.
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Lutter, Georg, Lennart Bax, Yazhou Liu, et al. "Transcatheter mitral valve replacement: tissue in-growth after 4 weeks." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 32, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaa225.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES Tissue reaction to transcatheter mitral valve replacement in the mitral annulus remains to be elucidated. METHODS Trileaflet porcine pericardial valves were sewn onto self-expanding d-shaped nitinol stents, which were delivered transapically and in an off-pump fashion into the mitral position of 10 pigs. After at least 4 weeks of follow-up, gross pathological assessment and histological examination were performed. The specimens were stained with Movat’s pentachrome, Elastica-van-Gieson and von Kossa staining. The leucocytes, B cells, T cells or macrophages were detected by specific immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Proper stent positioning in the mitral annulus was achieved in 9/10 animals. Nine of 10 animals survived the desired observation period. In all but one, the mitral valve stent was well integrated into the left atrium and perpendicularly embedded into the annulus by 85 ± 24%. One animal had minor fractures in the nitinol struts and another animal showed tearing of 1 of 4 tethers. Histological examination demonstrated no major tissue reaction with the nitninol struts but well-preserved overall structures around the mitral annulus in 8/9 cases. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report demonstrating good in-growth of transcatheter-delivered anatomically shaped mitral valve stents after at least 4 weeks of follow-up. Histological examination demonstrated progressive healing and neointimalization.
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Gorski, Stanley F., Stephen Reiners, and Michael A. Ruizzo. "Release Rate of Three Herbicides from Controlled-Release Tablets." Weed Technology 3, no. 2 (1989): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00031936.
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Six, 9, and 12-mm diam dicalcium phosphate tablets were evaluated for their release of acetochlor, metolachlor, and metribuzin. Greenhouse bioassays with Italian ryegrass demonstrated that herbicides from the smaller tablets did not control grass as long as from the larger tablets. Italian ryegrass was controlled within a 5- to 7-cm diam circle around the 12-mm diam tablet and a 5-cm diam circle around the 6-mm diam tablet. All tested herbicides responded in a similar fashion. Six-mm diam tablets released metolachlor for 11 weeks, while the 12-mm tablet was active for 28 weeks.
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Izing, Simon, Dániel Béni, Szabina Molnár, Zoltán Bakos, and Gábor Bodó. "Experimental evaluation of cortical screw placement in lag fashion into the distal phalanx in standing horses." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 68, no. 4 (2021): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2020.00054.
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AbstractThe objectives of this in vivo experimental study were to evaluate the feasibility of cortical screw insertion into the intact distal phalanx in standing sedated horses and to document potential postoperative complications. One cortical screw was randomly inserted in lag fashion into each distal phalanx in 9 horses. The second surgery on the contralateral limbs was performed 2–3 weeks after the first operation, when a 4.5-mm cortical screw was inserted in lag fashion into the distal phalanx of sedated horses following perineural analgesia. Following surgery, the drill hole was filled with an antibiotic-soaked swab, which was changed every 48 h. The horses were euthanised 8 weeks after the second surgery. The hooves were disarticulated and evaluated macroscopically and by computed tomography. The surgery time was 13.9 ± 4.8 min (mean ± SD). Pain scores and lameness gradually decreased after 7 days. Solar canal penetration (SCP) was detected in 10 out of the 18 distal phalanges (55.5%). In 7 out of the 10 penetrations intraoperative bleeding was obvious. No postoperative infection was observed. Screw insertion into the distal phalanx was easily and quickly accomplished in standing horses, but its advantages in horses with sagittal fractures should be investigated further. SCP had no impact on postoperative lameness.
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Oliver, Kimberly L. "Adolescent Girls’ Body-Narratives: Learning to Desire and Create a “Fashionable” Image." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 101, no. 2 (1999): 220–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146819910100202.
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This critical narrative inquiry took place in an inner city middle school in the southeast part of the country. The purpose of the study was to explore how four adolescent girls constructed the meanings of their bodies. Of interest were the stories girls told about their bodies and how their stories, cultural storylines, and images of women could empower and disempower girls in the process of becoming healthy women. The girls and I met 50 min twice a week for 15 weeks during their health and physical education class. Data collection techniques included 25 audiotaped and transcribed group discussions, journal writing, freewriting, written stories, and more. These girls were learning, through fashion, to desire and create a normalized image of the perfect woman. Fashion was a heuristic as they constructed the meanings of their bodies.
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Brambilla, Marco, Alireza Javadian Sabet, and Marjan Hosseini. "The role of social media in long-running live events: The case of the Big Four fashion weeks dataset." Data in Brief 35 (April 2021): 106840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.106840.
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Bates, Brent D., Charles Godbout, David J. Ramnaraign, Emil H. Schemitsch, and Aaron Nauth. "Delayed Endothelial Progenitor Cell Therapy Promotes Bone Defect Repair in a Clinically Relevant Rat Model." Stem Cells International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7923826.
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The repair of segmental bone defects remains a significant challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have successfully promoted the repair of acute defects in animal models; however, the ability of EPCs to induce the repair of chronic nonhealing defects, such as those often encountered clinically, has not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of EPCs delivered in delayed fashion to induce the repair of nonhealing defects in a clinically relevant model. In order to simulate delayed treatment, 5 mm segmental defects in Fischer 344 rat femora were treated with bone marrow-derived EPCs on a Gelfoam scaffold at 3 weeks post creation of the defect. At ten weeks posttreatment, 100% of EPC-treated defects achieved union, whereas complete union was only achieved in 37.5% of defects treated with Gelfoam alone. Furthermore, significant increases in ultimate torque (p=0.022) and torsional stiffness (p=0.003) were found in EPC-treated defects compared to controls. Critically, no differences in outcomes were observed between acute and delayed EPC treatments. These results suggest that EPCs can enhance bone healing when applied in an acute or delayed fashion and that their use may represent a clinically translatable therapy for bone healing in humans.
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Løberg, Else Marit, and Ansgar Torvik. "Brain Contusions: The Time Sequence of the Histological Changes." Medicine, Science and the Law 29, no. 2 (1989): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580248902900205.
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Microscopical sections from 65 cases with brain contusions of known age were studied in order to obtain histological data for age determination of the lesions. The earliest histological alterations were observed within one hour after the lesion and they changed in an orderly fashion over the following hours, days and weeks (Figure 1). It is concluded that the age of brain contusions can be determined with reasonable accuracy from routinely stained histological sections.
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Smith, Timothy D., Michael I. Siegel, Mark P. Mooney, Alphonse R. Burdi, and John S. Todhunter. "Vomeronasal Organ Growth and Development in Normal and Cleft Lip and Palate Human Fetuses." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 33, no. 5 (1996): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1996_033_0385_vogadi_2.3.co_2.
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As part of an ongoing investigation of normal and cleft lip and palate (CLP) fetal midfacial development, the vomeronasal organ (VNO) was examined in 35 human fetuses (26 normal and 9 CLP) ranging in age from 8 to 30 weeks postmenstrual age. All specimens were examined histologically, and a computer reconstruction technique was used to quantify lengths and volumes of right and left VNOs and anterior paraseptal cartilages (PCs). Growth curves were generated for these data and were compared between normal and cleft samples. VNOs and PCs were present in all normal fetuses, whereas VNOs were found in only 5 of 9 CLP specimens and PCs were found in 8 CLP specimens. The side of the palatal cleft in specimens with unilateral CLP was associated with PC dysmorphologies but appeared to have no influence on VNO presence or absence. Septal dysmorphologies were observed in most CLP specimens with absent or abnormal VNOs. VNO length increased in a linear fashion across ages, and VNO volume was seen to change in a logarithmic fashion. Individual CLP specimens did not differ significantly from the mean of the normal sample for VNO length or volume. PC length was seen to change in a sigmoidal fashion, and PC volume changes were best described by a logarithmic curve. In contrast to findings on the VNO, CLP specimens exhibited significantly different growth rates (line slopes) for PC length and volume compared to the normal sample. Results on the normal sample suggested that the human fetal VNO exhibits volumetric increases between the 16th and 30th weeks of development, but this increase begins later and proceeds more slowly than that of the PCs. Examination of the CLP sample suggested that the VNOs were of “normal” size for age, but may be vulnerable to septal dysmorphologies that result in altered location or disruption.
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Nucamendi-Guillén, Samuel, Miguel A. Moreno, and Abraham Mendoza. "A methodology for increasing revenue in fashion retail industry." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 46, no. 8 (2018): 726–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2017-0159.
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Purpose Fashion retail companies typically exhibit short life-cycles, high volatility and low predictability. Therefore, their success is largely determined by the organisation’s flexibility and responsiveness. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to facilitate inventory control to minimise both shortages and excess inventory for a multi-product, multi-period finite time horizon inventory problem by using statistical and stochastic analysis. Design/methodology/approach The proposed methodology operates in two phases: the first phase consists on determining an aggregate plan (AP) that will be used for monitoring the behaviour of the items during the time horizon. This plan is obtained by statistically analysing historical data related to sales and inventory shortages and is used to determine a demand forecast during the time horizon that allows to handle with potential disruptions derived from real demand variations. Finally, supply replenishment policies are defined to facilitate the monitoring process during the second phase. For the second phase, the behaviour of real demand for every item is captured into a database and compared against its projected demand (from the AP). If needed, adjustments are made in the procurement of future deliveries to reduce the probability of having shortages and/or excess inventory. Findings A case study in a Mexican fashion retail company was conducted to assess the performance of the methodology. Results indicate that shortage in early periods can be reduced totally for certain products while, for others, the reduction is about 90.5 per cent. In addition, the incomes of the company were increased over 57 per cent. Research limitations/implications Even when the success of the methodology has been shown, cultural and behavioural factors were not considered. An extensive study is suggested to determine if these factors should be included to enhance the performance of the methodology. Practical implications A case study of a Mexican fashion retail company was conducted to assess the performance of the proposed methodology. The methodology is easy to implement and effectively and quickly responds to disruptions in the demand and it also significantly reduces the level of shortages while increasing sales and revenue for the company. Originality/value This paper proposes a methodology that is able to anticipate product’s behaviour from early weeks. Additionally, replenishment policies allow to quickly adjust future orders to guarantee the availability of items and minimise overstock.
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Witte, Philip Georg. "Lag screw fixation of an ulnar carpal bone fracture in a dog." Veterinary Record Case Reports 7, no. 2 (2019): e000788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2018-000788.
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A two-year-old, entire male saluki presented with right forelimb lameness of acute onset six weeks previously, associated with a transverse minimally displaced ulnar carpal bone fracture. A palmarolateral approach was made to access the ulnar carpal bone. A 2.0-mm cortical bone screw was placed in lag fashion from the palmar process into the ulnar carpal bone, reducing and compressing the fracture. Re-examinations at seven and 12 weeks following surgery revealed incomplete resolution of right forelimb lameness, a mildly reduced carpal joint range of motion and radiographic maintenance of reduction. Client follow-up by telephone after 18 months revealed the dog to be exercising as normal, including performing agility exercises. The owners were aware of no stiffness following rest or following exercise.
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Lazarus, J. H., J. C. Kingswood, and R. John. "The effect of nadolol on heart rate in hyperthyroidism. A controlled trial." Acta Endocrinologica 114, no. 1 (1987): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1140102.
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Abstract. Twenty hyperthyroid patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to receive either nadolol 80 mg/day or placebo for 2 weeks; all patients then took carbimazole as well from 2–6 weeks. Twenty-four hour Holter ECG recordings at 0, 2 and 6 weeks showed that nadolol reduced the mean maximum heart rate by 19.9% (P < 0.0005) at 2 weeks and by 30.3% (P < 0.0005) at 6 weeks compared to 5.2% (ns) and 18.3% (P < 0.0005) in patients taking placebo. There was no alteration of the normal circadian variation of heart rate by nadolol. The minimum heart rate before therapy was significantly correlated with FT4 (r = 0.52) and with FT3 (r = 0.44). The percentage of time per hour during which the heart rate was greater than 100 was reduced by 79% at week 2 by nadolol compared to 22% in the placebo group. At the 6 week point the placebo group still had a tachycardia (mean maximum heart rate 101.6 beats/min ± 15.2 sd) compared to the nadolol group (80.4 ± 7.7). Nadolol did not cause excessive bradycardia. It is effective in the early management of hyperthyroidism and should be given for at least the first 4–6 weeks.
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Sanjuan, J., R. Martin-Santos, L. Garcia-Esteve, et al. "Mood changes after delivery: role of the serotonin transporter gene." British Journal of Psychiatry 193, no. 5 (2008): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045427.
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BackgroundPolymorphic variations in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) moderate the depressogenic effects of tryptophan depletion. After childbirth there is a sharp reduction in brain tryptophan availability, thus polymorphic variations in5-HTTmay play a similar role in the post-partum period.AimsTo study the role of5-HTTpolymorphic variations in mood changes after delivery.MethodOne thousand, eight hundred and four depression-free Spanish women were studied post-partum. We evaluated depressive symptoms at 2–3 days, 8 weeks and 32 weeks post-partum. We used diagnostic interview to confirm major depression for all probable cases. Based on two polymorphisms of5-HTT(5-HTTLPR and STin2 VNTR), three genotype combinations were created to reflect different levels of5-HTTexpression.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-three women (12.7%) experienced major depression during the 32-week post-partum period. Depressive symptoms were associated with the high-expression5-HTTgenotypes in a dose–response fashion at 8 weeks post-partum, but not at 32 weeks.ConclusionsHigh-expression5-HTTgenotypes may render women more vulnerable to depressive symptoms after childbirth.
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Gualano, Bruno, Rebeca Lugaresi, Vitor Painelli de Salles, et al. "Creatine supplementation does not augment muscle carnosine content in type 2 diabetic patients." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 36, no. 5 (2011): 764–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h11-083.
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We examined whether creatine supplementation affects muscle carnosine content in type 2 diabetic patients. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either creatine (5 g·day–1) or placebo in a double-blind fashion. At baseline and after 12 weeks, carnosine content was evaluated in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles by using a 1H-MRS technique. No changes were found in gastrocnemius (p = 0.81) and soleus (p = 0.85). We concluded that creatine supplementation does not augment muscle carnosine content in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Cellamare, Matteo, Steffen Ventz, Elisabeth Baudin, Carole D. Mitnick, and Lorenzo Trippa. "A Bayesian response-adaptive trial in tuberculosis: The endTB trial." Clinical Trials 14, no. 1 (2016): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774516665090.
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Purpose: To evaluate the use of Bayesian adaptive randomization for clinical trials of new treatments for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Methods: We built a response-adaptive randomization procedure, adapting on two preliminary outcomes for tuberculosis patients in a trial with five experimental regimens and a control arm. The primary study outcome is treatment success after 73 weeks from randomization; preliminary responses are culture conversion at 8 weeks and treatment success at 39 weeks. We compared the adaptive randomization design with balanced randomization using hypothetical scenarios. Results: When we compare the statistical power under adaptive randomization and non-adaptive designs, under several hypothetical scenarios we observe that adaptive randomization requires fewer patients than non-adaptive designs. Moreover, adaptive randomization consistently allocates more participants to effective arm(s). We also show that these advantages are limited to scenarios consistent with the assumptions used to develop the adaptive randomization algorithm. Conclusion: Given the objective of evaluating several new therapeutic regimens in a timely fashion, Bayesian response-adaptive designs are attractive for tuberculosis trials. This approach tends to increase allocation to the effective regimens.
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Zimmer, Alexandra Dos Santos, Seth M. Steinberg, DeeDee Kay Smart, et al. "Phase I/II study of T-DM1 alone versus T-DM1 and metronomic temozolomide in secondary prevention of HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases following stereotactic radiosurgery." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): TPS2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.tps2572.
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TPS2572 Background: We demonstrated that low doses of temozolomide (TMZ) administered in a prophylactic, metronomic fashion significantly prevented development of brain metastases in murine models of breast cancer. Based on these findings, we developed a secondary-prevention clinical trial. Methods: Phase I is a standard 3+3 design: T-DM1 3.6mg/kg IV every 21 days plus TMZ 30, 40 or 50 mg/m2 daily, to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination, and is completing accrual, with 9 patients accrued, currently on the third and last dose level. Phase II will randomize patients to T-DM1 3.6mg/kg versus T-DM1 3.6mg/kg plus TMZ at recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), to evaluate if addition of TMZ improves the recurrence-free incidence from distant new brain metastases at one year from 50% to 65%. Patients will undergo radiology guided lumbar puncture at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment (C3D1) for correlative studies, brain MRI, systemic restaging CTs, and questionnaires for evaluation of symptoms and quality of life. Eligibility: HER2+ breast cancer with brain metastases (up to 10 lesions), treated with SRS and/or resection ≤12 weeks before enrollment, no leptomeningeal metastases, no previous WBRT, ECOG ≤2 and adequate organ and marrow function. Biomarkers, including cell free DNA from CSF, serum and tumor block, exosomal DNA, serum markers for neuroinflammation, and patient reported outcomes, will be analyzed in an exploratory fashion. Target accrual: up to 18 patients in phase I and 98 in phase II. Clinical trial information: NCT03190967 .
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Adomaitis, Alyssa Dana, and Diana Saiki. "Brand personality and sexuality levels of luxury advertisements." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 23, no. 4 (2019): 572–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-01-2019-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the perceived personality of brands featuring different levels of sexuality in advertisements of luxury fashion brands. Design/methodology/approach To determine the identity of the company a “personality traits” scale by Geurens et al. (2015) was used with 25 brand personalities: conscientiousness/responsibility, extraversion/activity, emotional stability/emotionality, agreeableness/aggressiveness, and openness/simplicity. The final survey was then made available on Amazon Turk for two weeks. Each participant assessed one photograph at a level of sexuality given the gender they identified with the most. Findings There were 1,266 participants including 701 females and 565 females. Statistical analysis of the responses revealed that the degree of sexuality in the advertisements impacted brand perceptions. Among both genders, the greater degree of sexuality in the advertisement, the more the brand was considered less conscientious and responsible. The results also suggested that men and women view levels of sexuality differently. They varied most in the area of openness and simplicity, with men viewing advertisements of male models that had greater sexuality as simple. Men felt less sexuality was more emotional and romantic, while women viewed mid-level degree of sexuality in this manner. Originality/value Limited research has examined how level of sexuality influences perceived brand personality. The results contribute to theories pertaining to motivations to identify with a luxury fashion brand and provide strategies for luxury fashion brands to enhance their intended brand image.
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Cheng, Pengfei, Fan Wu, Hua Chen, et al. "Early hybrid nonbridging external fixation of unstable distal radius fractures in patients aged ≥50 years." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 4 (2019): 030006051987956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519879562.
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Objective We evaluated hybrid nonbridging external fixation (NBEF) supplemented by K-wires as an effective and safe treatment option for osteoporotic distal radius fractures (DRFs) in a retrospective case series. Methods Sixteen extra-articular and one intra-articular DRF were treated by NBEF from 2016 to 2018 (mean patient age, 61.8 years; 15 women, 1 man). Radiographic parameters (volar tilt, radial inclination, and ulnar variance), range of motion, grip power, the visual analog scale score, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were assessed at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. Results The volar tilt and radial inclination were restored after surgery and maintained well. The mean visual analog scale score was 4 ± 1 at 4 weeks. Range of motion was restored to 79% to 91% at 6 weeks. The DASH score was good before NBEF device removal. Two superficial pin-tract infections were easily treated with antibiotics. Conclusions Hybrid NBEF transfixes DRFs in a multiplanar fashion, and augmentation with percutaneous K-wires provides direct fixation in radial shift and withstands axial loads in fracture fragments. It allows early mobilization with rigid fixation. Hybrid NBEF is reliable for unstable extra-articular and simple intra-articular DRFs in older patients. Clinical Study registration number ChiCTR1900021712
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AUTIO, E., U. SIHTO, and J. MONONEN. "Energy intake and growth of weanling horses in a cold loose housing system." Agricultural and Food Science 17, no. 4 (2008): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/145960608787235586.
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The demand for information relating to the nutrition of horses in a cold environment is increasing with the popularity of loose housing of horses. This study examined the energy intake and growth of 10 weanling horses from November to March (22 weeks) in a loose housing system (paddock and insulated sleeping hall with deep-litter bed). The horses were measured weekly for body condition and body weight, and the feeding was adjusted according to a horses body condition. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake was compared to Finnish (MTT 2006) and Swedish (SLU 2004) nutrient requirements for 612-month-old horses. ME intake (75.5 ± 11.8 MJ d-1, mean ± SD) was on average 24.6% above the requirements. The intake varied in a non-linear fashion in the course of the winter: y = 0.086x2 0.902x + 71.5, where x is weeks from November to March (p
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Morishima, Takuma, Yosuke Tsuchiya, Jaume Padilla, and Eisuke Ochi. "Eight weeks of fish oil supplementation does not prevent sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 1 (2020): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0138.
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Prolonged sitting impairs leg endothelial function and this impairment is thought to be mediated by a sustained reduction in blood flow-induced shear stress. However, whether nutritional strategies can be used to prevent sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction remains unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that 8 weeks of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation would prevent endothelial dysfunction associated with sitting. Nineteen healthy men were randomly assigned to a placebo group or EPA+DHA group in a double-blind fashion. The EPA+DHA group was administered EPA-rich fish oil, containing 600 mg EPA and 260 mg DHA per day for 8 weeks. The placebo group received matching capsules for the same duration of time. Popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured at baseline and before and after a 3-h sitting period. During sitting, blood pressure, popliteal artery diameter, and blood velocity were measured every hour. Throughout the sitting period, popliteal artery blood flow and shear rate were markedly and similarly reduced in both groups (P < 0.05). However, counter to the hypothesis, 3 h of sitting impaired popliteal artery FMD to the same extent in both groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, daily EPA and DHA supplementation is not effective at preventing the detrimental effects of prolonged sitting on leg endothelial function. Novelty We provide evidence that sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction in young healthy subjects cannot be remediated by a nutritional strategy known to produce cardiovascular benefits. This could be partially due to the low total dose of EPA and DHA administered.
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Slater, Gary, David Jenkins, Peter Logan та ін. "β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation Does Not Affect Changes in Strength or Body Composition during Resistance Training in Trained Men". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 11, № 3 (2001): 384–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.11.3.384.
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This investigation evaluated the effects of oral β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on training responses in resistance-trained male athletes who were randomly administered HMB in standard encapsulation (SH), HMB in time release capsule (TRH), or placebo (P) in a double-blind fashion. Subjects ingested 3 g · day−1 of HMB or placebo for 6 weeks. Tests were conducted pre-supplementation and following 3 and 6 weeks of supplementation. The testing battery assessed body mass, body composition (using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), and 3-repetition maximum isoinertial strength, plus biochemical parameters, including markers of muscle damage and muscle protein turnover. While the training and dietary intervention of the investigation resulted in significant strength gains (p < .001) and an increase in total lean mass (p = .01), HMB administration had no influence on these variables. Likewise, biochemical markers of muscle protein turnover and muscle damage were also unaffected by HMB supplementation. The data indicate that 6 weeks of HMB supplementation in either SH or TRH form does not influence changes in strength and body composition in response to resistance training in strength-trained athletes.
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Schleiffer, R., F. Pernot, and A. Gairard. "Parathyroidectomy, cardiovascular reactivity and calcium distribution in aorta and heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats." Clinical Science 71, no. 5 (1986): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0710505.
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1. In order to elucidate the mechanisms by which parathyroidectomy (PTX), performed in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), delays the development and attenuates the level of hypertension, we studied, in vivo, cardiovascular reactivity (CVR, blood pressure response to bolus noradrenaline administration), aortic calcium distribution and cardiac calcium content in SHR with or without parathyroid glands. 2. PTX was performed in 6-week-old animals and experiments were done in pretreated anaesthetized animals 2 and 22 weeks after surgery. A significantly decreased CVR was observed 22 weeks after PTX in SHR-PTX as compared with controls. 3. These data are not specific for hypertensive animals since similar data are also obtained on nor-motensive Wistar rats treated in an identical fashion. In addition, after PTX in SHR and Wistar rats myocardial (auricle and ventricle) calcium content was more rapidly reduced (after 2 weeks) than aortic membrane-bound and cellular calcium fractions. 4. The present studies established that PTX decreases CVR and alters calcium content and distribution in the cardiovascular systems of rats from hypertensive and normotensive strains. Furthermore, the results confirm a requirement for the parathyroid glands in the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension in SHR and for the normal CVR.
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Wall, Peter DH, Edward J. Dickenson, David Robinson, et al. "Personalised Hip Therapy: development of a non-operative protocol to treat femoroacetabular impingement syndrome in the FASHIoN randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Sports Medicine 50, no. 19 (2016): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096368.
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IntroductionFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is increasingly recognised as a cause of hip pain. As part of the design of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of arthroscopic surgery for FAI syndrome, we developed a protocol for non-operative care and evaluated its feasibility.MethodsIn phase one, we developed a protocol for non-operative care for FAI in the UK National Health Service (NHS), through a process of systematic review and consensus gathering. In phase two, the protocol was tested in an internal pilot RCT for protocol adherence and adverse events.ResultsThe final protocol, called Personalised Hip Therapy (PHT), consists of four core components led by physiotherapists: detailed patient assessment, education and advice, help with pain relief and an exercise-based programme that is individualised, supervised and progressed over time. PHT is delivered over 12–26 weeks in 6–10 physiotherapist-patient contacts, supplemented by a home exercise programme. In the pilot RCT, 42 patients were recruited and 21 randomised to PHT. Review of treatment case report forms, completed by physiotherapists, showed that 13 patients (62%) received treatment that had closely followed the PHT protocol. 13 patients reported some muscle soreness at 6 weeks, but there were no serious adverse events.ConclusionPHT provides a structure for the non-operative care of FAI and offers guidance to clinicians and researchers in an evolving area with limited evidence. PHT was deliverable within the National Health Service, is safe, and now forms the comparator to arthroscopic surgery in the UK FASHIoN trial (ISRCTN64081839).Trial registration numberISRCTN 09754699.
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Measey, Laurence G. "Mental health aspects of incapacity benefit." Psychiatric Bulletin 20, no. 7 (1996): 434–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.20.7.434.
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In February 1994 the Royal College of Psychiatrists contacted the Benefits Agency Medical Services (BAMS) to take part in their consultation exercise before bringing in the new Incapacity Benefit (IB) in April 1995. This new benefit was to replace the then existing Invalidity Benefit which was being paid to over 250 000 people with a primary diagnosis of mental illness. The main changes were that a patient's own general practitioner (GP) would certify incapacity for work for the first 29 weeks of sickness and after this the continuation of benefit (IB) would require assessment by a BAMS doctor, with some illness categories being exempt from medical examination. The aim was to create standardised criteria across the UK and to do so in an objective fashion, based on function rather than diagnosis. The test is designed to look at ability to work in any capacity rather than the claimant's own work which is the criterion for the first 29 weeks.
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Ebangi, A. L., and S. N. Ibe. "HERITABILITIES OF AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME GROWTH TRAITS IN NIGERIAN LOCAL CHICKENS." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 21 (January 3, 2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v21i1.1078.
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Heritabilities of and genetic correlations between body weight, shank length, keel length and breast width in a population of Nigerian local chickens at 6 weeks of age were estimatedusing a total of 170 chicks of both sexes obtained from 5 sires each mated to 4 dams by artifical insemination in a nested fashion. Average body weight, shank length, keel length and breast width at this age were 114.97g, 3.48cm, 3.35cm and 3.22cm, respectively.Genetic correlations between the traits were positive and high, ranging from 0.99 to 1.51. The moderate to high heritabilities (hs2) of these growth traits at 6 weeks point to the existence of an appreciable amount of additive genetic variance in the local chicken population and indicate that improvement in these traits can be brought about by intrapopulation selection. The high genetic correlations indicate the pleiotropic action of genes controlling these traits and that, by direct selection for any one of them, genetic improvement in the others will be realized as correlated responses.
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Javadian Sabet, Alireza, Marco Brambilla, and Marjan Hosseini. "A multi-perspective approach for analyzing long-running live events on social media. A case study on the “Big Four” international fashion weeks." Online Social Networks and Media 24 (July 2021): 100140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.osnem.2021.100140.
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Midena, Edoardo, Mark Gillies, Todd A. Katz, Carola Metzig, Chengxing Lu, and Yuichiro Ogura. "Impact of Baseline Central Retinal Thickness on Outcomes in the VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME Studies." Journal of Ophthalmology 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3640135.
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Purpose. To report the impact of baseline central retinal thickness (CRT) on outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME. Methods. Post hoc analyses of two randomized controlled trials in which 862 DME patients were randomized 1 : 1 : 1 to treatment with intravitreal aflibercept 2.0 mg every 4 weeks (2q4), intravitreal aflibercept 2.0 mg every 8 weeks after five initial monthly doses (2q8), or macular laser photocoagulation at baseline and as needed. We compared visual and anatomical outcomes in subgroups of patients with baseline CRT < 400 μm and ≥400 μm. Results. At weeks 52 and 100, outcomes with intravitreal aflibercept 2q4 and 2q8 were superior to those in laser control-treated patients regardless of baseline CRT. When looked at in a binary fashion, the treatment effect of intravitreal aflibercept versus laser was not significantly better in the ≥400 μm than the <400 μm group; when looked at as a continuous variable, baseline CRT seemed to have an impact on the treatment effect of intravitreal aflibercept versus laser. Conclusions. Post hoc analyses of VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME demonstrated the benefits of intravitreal aflibercept treatment in DME patients with baseline CRT < 400 μm and ≥400 μm. This trial is registered with NCT01331681 and NCT01363440.
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Carrier, É., M. Houde, M. Grandbois, G. Bkaily, T. D. Warner, and P. D’Orléans-Juste. "Inhibition of platelet aggregation ex vivo is repressed in apolipoprotein E deficient mice." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 95, no. 8 (2017): 954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2017-0314.
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In the present study, we assessed whether the endogenous platelet inhibitory mechanisms are altered in the early to moderate stages of the atherosclerotic process. Apolipoprotein E deficient mice (ApoE−/−), a mouse model of atherosclerosis, and their wild-type (WT) counterparts were used to assess agonist-stimulated synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2), inhibition of platelet aggregation ex vivo, and intra-platelet cAMP levels. Basal U46619 and ADP -induced platelet aggregation in vitro were increased in ApoE−/− mice at 18–20 weeks in comparison with 8–10 weeks of age. Systemically administered endothelin-1 (ET-1) or bradykinin (BK) inhibited platelet aggregation in a similar fashion in 8- to 10-week-old ApoE−/− and WT mice, but not in the ApoE−/− mice at 18–20 weeks of age, although both peptides maintained their capacity to increase plasma levels of the PGI2. Intravenous infusion of PGI2 also failed to inhibit platelet aggregation ex vivo in 18- to 20-week-old ApoE−/− mice. Interestingly, both BK and PGI2 retained their ability to increase intraplatelet cAMP in WT and ApoE−/− mice. Our results suggest that a loss of activity of endogenous inhibitorymechanisms could contribute to the increased platelet reactivity in ApoE−/− mice, and that this phenomenon occurs early in the intermediate stage of the atherosclerotic process.
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Raizer, J. J., S. Grimm, L. Rice, et al. "A phase II trial of single-agent bevacizumab given every 3 weeks for recurrent malignant gliomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2044.
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2044 Background: Increasingly target specific agents are used in the treatment of malignant gliomas (MG). Among targeted agents, bevacizumab appears most promising and when combined with CPT-11. As CPT-11 has limited activity in recurrent MG, a single agent phase II trial of bevacizumab given every 3 weeks in with recurrent MG was performed. Methods: All patients (pts) had to sign an IRB informed consent except six pts who were treated at a different site in a similar fashion. All pts had to have at least one relapse with the first sixteen required to have two relapses before protocol amendment. Inclusion criteria required > 18 year of age, KPS > 60, on a non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsant, adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function, and normal urine protein and creatinine. MRI with perfusion was done at baseline (if patient consented) and then every 6 weeks. Patients were assessed using Macdonald criteria and continued on trial until tumor progression or toxicity. Treatment was bevacizumab 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Results: 61 patients (35 male; 26 female; 50 GBM, 5 AA, 6 AO/AOA) with a median age of 51 were treated. Median number of doses given was 4 (range 1–18). PFS-6 was 32% (median PFS was 3.9 m; median OS was 6.6 m). Best radiographic response included 0% CR, 25% PR and 50% SD. Grade 3+ toxicities were non-fatal intracranial hemorrhage (1), fatal GI perforation (1), DVT (1), fatigue (4), rectal bleeding (1), weakness (1), and lack of drive (1). Conclusions: Bevacizumab as a single agent given every 3 weeks at 15 mg/kg is effective and safe for recurrent MG. The observed PFS-6 and OS is lower than reported bevacizumab regimens administered every 2 weeks; this difference may be related to patient selection. [Table: see text]
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Beeson, R. C. "Restricting Overhead Irrigation to Dawn Limits Growth in Container-grown Woody Ornamentals." HortScience 27, no. 9 (1992): 996–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.9.996.
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Elaeagnus pungens Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Photinia ×fraseri `Red Top', and Rhododendron sp. `Fashion' (azalea) growing in 10.4-liter containers were irrigated only at dawn with overhead impact sprinklers or pulse-irrigated three or four times each day with a drip system. Plant water potential was measured diurnally each week for 24 weeks, and growth was measured at the end of the growing season in December. Overhead irrigation resulted in less growth of all species than plants maintained near 100% container moisture with pulse irrigation. With the exception of photinia, more growth was associated with significantly lower daily accumulated water stress. Water stress of overhead-irrigated plants was generally not severe enough to cause stomata1 closure.
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von Wittgenstein, Julia, Fang Zheng, Marie-Theres Wittmann, et al. "Sox11 is an Activity-Regulated Gene with Dentate-Gyrus-Specific Expression Upon General Neural Activation." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 6 (2020): 3731–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz338.
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Abstract Neuronal activity initiates transcriptional programs that shape long-term changes in plasticity. Although neuron subtypes differ in their plasticity response, most activity-dependent transcription factors (TFs) are broadly expressed across neuron subtypes and brain regions. Thus, how region- and neuronal subtype-specific plasticity are established on the transcriptional level remains poorly understood. We report that in young adult (i.e., 6–8 weeks old) mice, the developmental TF SOX11 is induced in neurons within 6 h either by electroconvulsive stimulation or by exploration of a novel environment. Strikingly, SOX11 induction was restricted to the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. In the novel environment paradigm, SOX11 was observed in a subset of c-FOS expressing neurons (ca. 15%); whereas around 75% of SOX11+ DG granule neurons were c-FOS+, indicating that SOX11 was induced in an activity-dependent fashion in a subset of neurons. Environmental enrichment or virus-mediated overexpression of SOX11 enhanced the excitability of DG granule cells and downregulated the expression of different potassium channel subunits, whereas conditional Sox11/4 knock-out mice presented the opposite phenotype. We propose that Sox11 is regulated in an activity-dependent fashion, which is specific to the DG, and speculate that activity-dependent Sox11 expression may participate in the modulation of DG neuron plasticity.
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Ortega, Hector G., Manuel Lopez, Atsushi Takaki, Qin-Heng Huang, Akira Arimura, and John E. Salvaggio. "Neuroimmunological Effects of Exposure to Methylmercury Forms in the Sprague-Dawley Rats. Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Lymphocyte Responsiveness." Toxicology and Industrial Health 13, no. 1 (1997): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379701300105.
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The effects of different methylmercury (MeHg) forms on the immune system and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. The lymphocyte response to Concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation, blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone in the presence of different MeHg compounds was measured. Rats were exposed to methylmercury sulfide [(MeHg)2S] and methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) at concentrations of 5 and 500 μg per liter in the drinking water for 8 or 16 weeks. Short-term exposure (8 weeks) at both, low- and high-doses of (MeHg)2S significantly enhanced lymphocyte responsiveness. MeHgCl only induced increased lymphocyte responsiveness at the low-dose exposure. Circulating levels of IL-6 after short-term exposure were increased in the MeHgCl-exposed group. The HPA axis activation was demonstrated by increased levels of ACTH and corticosterone levels. This response was predominant in low-dose exposed animals. Long-term (16 weeks) exposure resulted in a reduction in lymphocyte proliferation after both low- and high-dose MeHgCl exposures. The (MeHg)2S exposure resulted in a 3-fold increase in the proliferative response. Levels of ACTH were elevated 3-fold in the (MeHg)2S-exposed group, and no increase of corticosterone was observed in the high-dose exposed group at 8 weeks, no effect of(MeHg)2S was observed at 16 weeks. The MeHgCl exposed group showed an increase in ACTH and corticosterone levels at 8 weeks; this response was not observed at 16 weeks. These data indicate that exposure to MeHg compounds enhances T-cell proliferation in most of the cases, in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Release of IL-6 also depends on the length of exposure. Early increases in circulating ACTH at 8 weeks also suggest activation of the HPA axis. This may contribute to the production of IL-6 and surveillance of regulatory homeostatic responses against environmental agents that mimic stress-like responses.
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Eid, Abdelsalam, and Mohamed Elsoufy. "Shoelace Wound Closure for the Management of Fracture-Related Fasciotomy Wounds." ISRN Orthopedics 2012 (September 19, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/528382.
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Background. Compartment syndrome is a serious complication that might occur following fractures. The treatment of choice is emergent fasciotomy of all the involved muscle compartments to lower the compartment pressure. The classic management of fasciotomy wounds was split thickness skin graft. Patients and Methods. Seventeen patients with fracture-related compartment syndrome were managed by fasciotomy in the Orthopaedic Casualty Unit of our university hospital. The fractures included four femoral fractures and 13 fractures of the tibia and fibula. Results. All fasciotomy wounds healed eventually. Wound closure occurred from the corners inward. The skin closure was obtained at an overall average of 4.2 tightening sessions (range 3–7). Fracture healing occurred at an average of 15.4 weeks (range 12 to 22 weeks). No major complications were encountered in this series. Conclusion. Closure of fasciotomy wounds by dermatotraction could be performed in a staged fashion, using inexpensive equipment readily available in any standard operating room, until skin was approximated enough to heal either through delayed primary closure or secondary healing.
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Shehadeh, Mona, Eilam Palzur, Liat Apel, and Jean Francois Soustiel. "Reduction of Traumatic Brain Damage by Tspo Ligand Etifoxine." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11 (2019): 2639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112639.
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Experimental studies have shown that ligands of the 18 kDa translocator protein can reduce neuronal damage induced by traumatic brain injury by protecting mitochondria and preventing metabolic crisis. Etifoxine, an anxiolytic drug and 18 kDa translocator protein ligand, has shown beneficial effects in the models of peripheral nerve neuropathy. The present study investigates the potential effect of etifoxine as a neuroprotective agent in traumatic brain injury (TBI). For this purpose, the effect of etifoxine on lesion volume and modified neurological severity score at 4 weeks was tested in Sprague–Dawley adult male rats submitted to cortical impact contusion. Effects of etifoxine treatment on neuronal survival and apoptosis were also assessed by immune stains in the perilesional area. Etifoxine induced a significant reduction in the lesion volume compared to nontreated animals in a dose-dependent fashion with a similar effect on neurological outcome at four weeks that correlated with enhanced neuron survival and reduced apoptotic activity. These results are consistent with the neuroprotective effect of etifoxine in TBI that may justify further translational research.
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Du, Cheng, Rong Hu, Cynthia A. Csernansky, Chung Y. Hsu, and Dennis W. Choi. "Very Delayed Infarction after Mild Focal Cerebral Ischemia: A Role for Apoptosis?" Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 16, no. 2 (1996): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199603000-00003.
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The temporal evolution of cerebral infarction was examined in rats subjected to transient occlusion of both common carotid arteries and the right middle cerebral artery. After severe (90-min) ischemia, substantial right-sided cortical infarction was evident within 6 h and fully developed after 1 day. After mild (30-min) ischemia, no cortical infarction was present after 1 day. However, infarction developed after 3 days; by 2 weeks, infarction volume was as large as that induced by 90-min ischemia. These data suggest that infarction after mild focal ischemia can develop in a surprisingly delayed fashion. Some evidence of neuronal apoptosis was present after severe ischemia, but only to a limited degree. However, 3 days after mild ischemia, neurons bordering the maturing infarction exhibited prominent TUNEL staining, and DNA prepared from the periinfarct area of ischemic cortex showed internucleosomal fragmentation. Furthermore, pretreatment with 1 mg/kg cycloheximide markedly reduced infarction volume 2 weeks after mild ischemia. These data raise the possibility that apoptosis, dependent on active protein synthesis, contributes to the delayed infarction observed in rats subjected to mild transient focal cerebral ischemia.
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Lassus, A. "The Effect of Silicol Gel Compared with Placebo on Papulopustular Acne and Sebum Production. A Double-Blind Study." Journal of International Medical Research 24, no. 4 (1996): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059602400404.
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Altogether 30 patients (19 females and 11 males), mean age 19 years, were divided randomly into two groups. All patients had chronic papulopustular acne of the face. A total of 15 patients were treated topically with Silicol gel for 20 min twice daily for 6 weeks and the remaining 15 patients were treated with a placebo gel in a similar fashion. A clinical evaluation was carried out at baseline, and after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment. The clinical variables evaluated were as follows: number of comedones, papules, pustules and cysts on a standard area of the left cheek (area 5 × 5 cm) and measurement of sebum production on the same area by the use of Sebumeter SM 810 PC (Courage and Khazaka, Ltd, Germany). No concomitant treatment was allowed during the study period. One patient using Silicol gel withdrew after 2 weeks of treatment because of severe irritation of the facial skin, leaving 29 patients who could be evaluated. In the active group, the number of comedones decreased from a mean of 48.5 to 15.1 after 6 weeks of treatment. The corresponding figures for papules were 10.7 and 1.0, for pustules 6.8 and 0, and for cysts 0.6 and 0. In the placebo group no improvement could be observed. There was a highly significant difference in efficacy between the two groups ( P < 0.001) in favour of the actively treated group. The mean sebum index was 193 at baseline and 88 after 6 weeks. Correspondingly, in the placebo group the mean sebum index at baseline was 187 and after 6 weeks 179. This difference between the two groups was also statistically significant ( P < 0.001). After a short follow-up period (3 months) no deterioration was observed in the 14 ‘active’ patients, showing either complete cure or improvement.
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V., Srinivasa, Vijay Yadav, and Kumar G. V. "A clinical study of retinopathy of prematurity in neonates in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 2 (2019): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190712.
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Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease process mostly reported in preterm neonates with a wide spectrum, ranging from mild, transient changes in the retina with regression to severe progressive vasoproliferation, scarring, detachment of retina and blindness. India shares 20% of the world childhood blindness. Besides congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma and ocular injuries, ROP is emerging as one of the important causes of childhood blindness in India.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken among all neonates born between 28-34 weeks of gestation admitted in NICU, who are under oxygen, screened for ROP. Babies with ocular disorder which interfere with fundus examination, babies who did not complete follow up till complete vascularisation of retina and babies with congenital retinal abnormalities were excluded from the study.Results: About 13.3% of male children and 18.0% of the female children had retinopathy of prematurity. Among the infants born before 30 weeks, 46.7% had retinopathy of prematurity. In the children with gestational age between 30- 32 weeks, 15.4%, 8.5% in the 32-35 weeks and none among those born between more than 35 weeks. About 27.9% of the newborns with birth weight of less than 1.5kgs and 5.8% of those who had birth weight of 1.5-2.5kgs had retinopathy of prematurity.Conclusions: This study had shown a significant association of retinopathy of prematurity with the low gestational age, birth weight and oxygen therapy. Reducing subsequent post-natal risk factors depends on optimal perinatal and postnatal care, as well as adhering to strict ROP screening guidelines. Recognizing and treating ROP in a timely fashion is critical for achieving the best visual outcome.
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Sullivan, Martin, Ethan J. Fraser, James Linklater, Craig Harris, and Kieran Morgan. "Arthroscopic Surgical Technique for an Acute Talar Dome Osteochondral Lesion in a Professional Rugby League Player." Foot & Ankle Specialist 10, no. 3 (2016): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938640016669797.
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Background. Talar osteochondral lesions represent challenging clinical entities, particularly in high-demand athletes. Surgical treatment of large lesions often requires a 2-step procedure, or the use of osteotomy in the case of autologous osteochondral transfer, which can delay return to sport. Methods. A professional rugby league player underwent surgery for a complex injury to the ankle. A talar osteochondral lesion with a maximal diameter of 15 mm was treated in an arthroscopic fashion using the cartilage taken from the completely displaced osteochondral fragment. Cartilage was cut into chips and combined with bone graft product containing platelet-derived growth factor and a porous collagen scaffold. Autologous cartilage was then reimplanted arthroscopically. The patient was allowed full ankle motion from 2 weeks postoperatively, and weightbearing was commenced at 6 weeks. Follow-up imaging and functional outcomes, including return to sport, were assessed at regular intervals. Results. The patient was able to return to professional rugby league by 23 weeks postoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging at 16 months postoperatively showed restoration of the subchondral plate and osseous infill. At final follow-up, the patient remained pain free and was playing at preinjury level. Conclusion. This report describes good outcomes using a novel, 1-step cartilage repair technique to treat a large talar osteochondral lesion in a professional athlete. Levels of Evidence: Level V: Expert opinion
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Shafiq, Muhammad, Ashfaq Ahmed, Kaleem Ullah, et al. "RETROGRADE FEMUR NAIL." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 03 (2018): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.03.370.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Retrograde nailing for fracture of distal shaft of femur is commonprocedure but data about post-operative functional outcome in terms of knee range of motion,union and pain at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year follow-up is lacking. Objectives: The mainaim of this study was to determine post-operative functional outcome after performing nailingin a retrograde fashion for distal disphyseal femoral fracture in terms of knee range of motion,pain and union at 6 weeks, 6 months and at least 1 year follow-up. Study Design: Descriptivecase series. Setting: Orthopedics and Spine Centre, Ghurki Trust Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.Period: 1st July 2015 to Dec. 2016. Materials and Methodology: 140 patients of either sex andage with fractures of distal disphyseal femoral fracture and were operated using retrogradenailing were included in the study. All the data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 version.Results: 140 patients were included with mean age of 31.81± 7.117 ranged from 16 to 75years of age.97 patients (69.3%) were male and remaining 43 patients (30.7%) were female.Pain was significantly decrease in all patients on Visual analogue scale. Mean union were 32.3± 5.3 weeks, Knee range of motion after last follow up were more than 1200 in 126 patients.Conclusion: Retrograde Nailing for distal diaphyseal fractures is an excellent option with goodfunctional outcome. It should always be considered while managing such fractures.
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Volek, Jeff S., Noel D. Duncan, Scott A. Mazzetti, Margot Putukian, Ana L. Gómez, and William J. Kraemer. "No Effect of Heavy Resistance Training and Creatine Supplementation on Blood Lipids." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 10, no. 2 (2000): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.10.2.144.
Full textAbstract:
In order to examine the effects of heavy resistance training and the influence of creatine supplementation on nonperformance measures of health status, 19 healthy resistance-trained men were matched and then randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either a creatine (n = 10) or placebo (n = 9) group. Periodized heavy resistance training was performed 3—4 times per week for 12 weeks. During the first week of training, creatine subjects consumed 25 g creatine monohydrate per day, while the placebo group ingested an equal number of placebo capsules. Five grams of supplement per day was consumed for the remainder of the study. Body composition, fasting serum creatinine, lipo-proteins and triglycerides, and reported changes in body function were determined prior to and after 12 weeks of training and supplementation. After training, significant increases in body mass and fat-free mass were greater in creatine (5.2 and 4.3 kg, respectively) than placebo (3.0 and 2.1 kg. respectively) subjects. There was no change in percent body fat. Dietary energy and macronutrient distribution was not significantly different during Weeks 1 and 12. Serum creatinine was significantly elevated in creatine subjects after 1(11.6%) and 12 weeks (13.8%); however, values were within normal limits for healthy men. There were no effects of training or supplementation on serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. or triglycerides. In healthy men, a 12-week heavy resistance training program, with or without creatine supplementation, did not significantly influence serum lipid profiles, subjective reports of body functioning, or serum creatinine concentrations.
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Billena, Cole, Shilpa Padia, Bridget O’Brien, Jeanna Knoble, Abhay Gokhale, and Malolan Rajagopalan. "Radiation recall dermatitis after treatment of stage IV breast cancer with nivolumab: a case report." Immunotherapy 12, no. 2 (2020): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2019-0020.
Full textAbstract:
Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is an uncommon dermatologic reaction provoked notably by chemotherapy in an area of skin irradiated weeks to years prior. We report a case of RRD with nivolumab in a woman with breast cancer. The patient was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast with an isolated spinal metastasis approached in an oligometastatic fashion with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, modified radical mastectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Unfortunately, after progression of bony metastases treated with radiotherapy, the patient received nivolumab and subsequently developed a rash corresponding to the adjuvant radiation field. This case highlights the unpredictable nature and characteristic rash of RRD. It is an important differential diagnosis for multidisciplinary teams who also see chemotherapy-induced dermatitis and immune-related adverse events.
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Philip, Sunu, Laszlo M. Hoesel, and Michael White. "How should we manage a delayed presentation of blunt splenic injury?" Trauma 20, no. 4 (2018): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408617741151.
Full textAbstract:
A delayed presentation of a blunt splenic injury can refer to either an initially missed injury that manifests later with symptoms or latent insignificant injury that then becomes clinically symptomatic. This is a small patient group and there is some controversy about how these injuries should be managed. We present a case of a patient with an initially missed blunt splenic injury who represented two weeks later with hemorrhage and pain. He was treated non-operatively but returned with persistent symptoms and eventually required a difficult splenectomy. Through this case, we raise the question of whether patients who present with rebleeding in a delayed fashion from an initially missed blunt splenic injury are best treated with surgery and a splenectomy.
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Kollmann, Tobias R., Arnaud Marchant, and Sing Sing Way. "Vaccination strategies to enhance immunity in neonates." Science 368, no. 6491 (2020): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9447.
Full textAbstract:
Neonates are particularly susceptible to infection. This vulnerability occurs despite their responsiveness to most vaccines. However, current vaccines do not target the pathogens responsible for most of the severe neonatal infections, and the time it takes to induce protective pathogen-specific immunity after vaccination limits protection in the first days to weeks of life. Alternative strategies include using vaccines to broadly stimulate neonatal immunity in a pathogen-agnostic fashion or vaccinating women during pregnancy to induce protective antibodies that are vertically transferred to offspring within their window of vulnerability. Protection may be further improved by integrating these approaches, namely vaccinating the neonate under the cover of vertically transferred maternal immunity. The rationale for and knowledge gaps related to each of these alternatives are discussed.