Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fat is a Feminist Issue

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Fat is a Feminist Issue'

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Published: 10 January 2023
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fat is a Feminist Issue"

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Jones, David. "Fat is a feminist issue." Nature 396, no. 6709 (November 1998): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/24506.

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Saguy, Abigail. "Why Fat is a Feminist Issue." Sex Roles 66, no. 9-10 (October 25, 2011): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-0084-4.

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Ross, Karen, and Sujata Moorti. "Commentary and Criticism Is Fat Still a feminist Issue?" Feminist Media Studies 5, no. 1 (March 2005): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680770500058231.

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Fikkan, Janna L., and Esther D. Rothblum. "We Agree: Fat IS a Feminist Issue! Response to Commentators." Sex Roles 66, no. 9-10 (February 14, 2012): 632–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0125-7.

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Chrisler, Joan C. "“Why Can’t You Control Yourself?” Fat Should Be a Feminist Issue." Sex Roles 66, no. 9-10 (November 24, 2011): 608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-0095-1.

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Sherwin, Susan. "Abortion Through a Feminist Ethics Lens." Dialogue 30, no. 3 (1991): 327–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300011690.

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Abortion has long been a central issue in the arena of applied ethics, but, the distinctive analysis of feminist ethics is generally overlooked in most philosophic discussions. Authors and readers commonly presume a familiarity with the feminist position and equate it with liberal defences of women's right to choose abortion, but, in fact, feminist ethics yields a different analysis of the moral questions surrounding abortion than that usually offered by the more familiar liberal defenders of abortion rights. Most feminists can agree with some of the conclusions that arise from certain non-feminist arguments on abortion, but they often disagree about the way the issues are formulated and the sorts of reasons that are invoked in the mainstream literature.
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Witkowska, Sylwia. "POLISH FEMINISM – PARADIGMS." DYSKURS. PISMO NAUKOWO-ARTYSTYCZNE ASP WE WROCŁAWIU 25, no. 25 (February 25, 2019): 192–239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9836.

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Sylwia Witkowska Polish Feminism – Paradigms The issue of feminist art struggles with a great problem. In my study I focus solely on Polish artists, and thus on the genealogy of feminist art in Poland. Although all the presented activities brought up the feminist thread, in many cases a dissonance occurs on the level of the artists’ own reflections. There is a genuine reluctance of many Polish artists to use the term “feminist” about their art. They dissent from such categorization as if afraid that the very name will bring about a negative reception of their art. And here, in my opinion, a paradox appears, because despite such statements, their creativity itself is in fact undoubtedly feminist. I think that Polish artists express themselves through their art in an unambiguous way – they show their feminine „I”. The woman is displayed in their statement about themselves, about the experiences, their body, their sexuality. Feminism defined the concept of art in a new way. The state- ment that art has no gender is a myth. The activities of women-artists are broader and broader, also in Poland women become more and more noticed and appreciated. Feminist art does not feature a separate artistic language, it rather features a tendency towards realism, lent by photogra- phy or video, which reflects the autonomy of the female reception of the world. It should be stated that feminism is a socially needed phenomenon, and its critique drives successive generations of women-artists.
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Fikkan, Janna L., and Esther D. Rothblum. "Is Fat a Feminist Issue? Exploring the Gendered Nature of Weight Bias." Sex Roles 66, no. 9-10 (June 19, 2011): 575–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-0022-5.

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Witkowska, Sylwia. "Polski feminizm - paradygmaty." DYSKURS. PISMO NAUKOWO-ARTYSTYCZNE ASP WE WROCŁAWIU 25, no. 25 (February 25, 2019): 194–241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9855.

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The issue of feminist art struggles with a great problem. In my study I focus solely on Polish artists, and thus on the genealogy of feminist art in Poland. Although all the presented activities brought up the feminist thread, in many cases a dissonance occurs on the level of the artists’ own reflections. There is a genuine reluctance of many Polish artists to use the term “feminist” about their art. They dissent from such categorization as if afraid that the very name will bring about a negative reception of their art. And here, in my opinion, a paradox appears, because despite such statements, their creativity itself is in fact undoubtedly feminist. I think that Polish artists express themselves through their art in an unambiguous way – they show their feminine „I”. The woman is displayed in their statement about themselves, about the experiences, their body, their sexuality. Feminism defined the concept of art in a new way. The statement that art has no gender is a myth. The activities of women-artists are broader and broader, also in Poland women become more and more noticed and appreciated. Feminist art does not feature a separate artistic language, it rather features a tendency towards realism, lent by photography or video, which reflects the autonomy of the female reception of the world. It should be stated that feminism is a socially needed phenomenon, and its critique drives successive generations of women-artists.
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Nafisah, Arida. "Lakon Wayang Dewi Sinta Simbol Keteguhan Feminis sebagai Ide Penciptaan Karya Lukis." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Penciptaan Seni 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jipsi.v2i1.52.

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The creation of this painting originated from the author's experience when discussing endless issues of women. Social issues regarding women are always updated in various issues ranging from discrimination, crime and injustice against women. In fact, this feminist issue has existed since time immemorial with the story of Dewi Shinta, who has always carried feminine values. The aim is to create paintings that have a feminist value concept in Dewi Shinta and create paintings through the process of selecting sketches, materials, manufacturing techniques, exploration, and presentation that have the meaning of feminist firmness values. The method used in this thesis is the method of making a thesis. In the realm of this creation process consists of several stages, namely the formation stage (Forming). Coloring (Colloring), Finishing (Finishing). The creators hope that this work can be used as inspiration to create works of art that are always updated. Conceptually, the creation of painting works wants to build a national cultural character that is increasingly fading through feminist values.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fat is a Feminist Issue"

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Johansson, Linnea. "Are you shitting me? : Public toilets as a feminist issue." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171769.

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Women cannot exist in public space without public toilets, yet it can be difficult to find any that feel clean and safe to go to. That is why I propose to build public toilets for women on Renmarkstorget in central Umeå. Public toilets are where gender issues are exemplified in a public space and are therefore very politically charged. If we want to build for gender equality, we need to be conscious of who we are building for, how the space reflects our social values, and have a clear vision. Equal floorspace is often assigned to men’s and women’s toilets. But women need more floor space in toilets, due to menstruation, bringing children, sitting down to pee etc. This leads to longer toilet queues for the ladies’ room, and consequently, women stay shorter periods of time in public or even avoid it. This especially affects girls, elderly women, disabled women, homeless women, mothers, and pregnant women. The solutions include changing building regulations, architects acting on the issue, and of course electing more women on the city council who can speak on this issue from experience. This proposal includes 7 freestanding structural toilet units, a lunchroom, a playground, bicycle parking, and a bus stop. Because what happens outside the toilet is most important. Those activities need to overlap with the needs of women and enable them to feel seen but not exposed or observed and allow them to have control of their environment. Equality is about voice and therefore architects need to be conscious of how physical, virtual, and social environments either encourage, discourage, include, or exclude those voices by design.
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Lord, J. M. "The role of visceral fat in polycystic ovary syndrome - The central issue?" Thesis, Exeter and Plymouth Peninsula Medical School, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700627.

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Broughton, Sharon. "Leadership is a feminist issue : do women in Australian parliament 'make a difference'? /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16532.pdf.

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Frieday, Karen Yvonne. "Daviault, drunkenness, and discourse: The social construction of the drunkenness defence as a feminist issue." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8896.

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As part of an overall move towards protecting the public (especially those felt to be most vulnerable, e.g. women and children), legislation has recently been tabled which would forbid the use of a defence based on self-induced extreme intoxication producing a state akin to automatism (the drunkenness defence) in trials of general intent offences. This legislation (Bill C-72, s. 33.1), is in direct conflict with the 1994 ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada in Daviault in which the majority found that to deny such a defence in general intent cases was in violation of the principles of fundamental justice enshrined in our Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Supreme Court of Canada decided that the common-law precedents set by cases such as Beard, Majewski, and Leary, which did not allow evidence of extreme intoxication in general intent cases, had the effect of convicting individuals for crimes in which they were lacking the necessary mens rea or voluntariness. It is proposed that Bill C-72 was tabled in response to feminist claims-making, in addition to the public, and media outcry raised by the Daviault case. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Frieday, Karen. "Daviault, drunkenness, and discourse, the social construction of the drunkenness defence as a feminist issue." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38749.pdf.

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Engelen-Eigles, Deborah A. "The social construction of diapers as a consumer issue : an application of feminist sociological theory /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020034/.

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Gonzalez, Evelyn. "Why Weight? Zines as Effective Health Communication Tools Against Fat Phobia." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1088.

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The current models for health care hold at their core a pathologization of fat bodies informed by discriminatory methods and ideologies leading to an explicit lack of quality medical care for those who fail to meet normative standards of health and size. This project is interested in examining alternative public health models that provide interventions into those systems. Specifically, this work will seek to understand how the grassroots movement, Health at Every Size (HAES), serves to interrupt current limited understandings of health and weight. HAES individualized, weight-neutral approach to health and wellness exists in seeming opposition to contemporary ideas around healthcare practices. In studying this alternative model, conventional ideas of health care towards fat patients will be understood to be informed primarily by discriminatory structural and ideological practices. In addition, by highlighting the healthcare industries’ investment in the medical industrial complex, this project aims to deconstruct and critique notions of health while increasing access to care that is informed by the realities of bodily difference. In addition, this thesis will argue for zines as important health information dissemination tools by first mapping and complicating its history, expanding on zines as an artistic and politicized medium, and finally emphasizing its capacity to communicate through alternative knowledges and distribution networks.
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Skogh, Maja. "Women’s narratives on (in)security in Abkhazia : Theorizing abortion rights as a security issue." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9449.

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This thesis is set out to examine how women in Abkhazia understand their own (in)security and to explore how the participating women understand the prohibition of abortions that is implemented in the breakaway region. Furthermore, the study seeks to, based on the empirical findings, theorize abortion rights as a security issue. The thesis is guided by Feminist Security Theory and previous feminist literature. The data is generated through ten semi-structured interviews with women. Through a thematic analysis the findings from the interviews are categorized into two main themes that are responding to the two first research questions; How do women in Abkhazia understand their (in)security?; How do women understand the prohibition of abortions? The thematic analysis finds that women in Abkhazia understand their (in)security as dependent on four aspects; conflict context; economic insecurity; political representation and participation; structural inequality and gender-based violence. Moreover, it finds that women’s understanding of the abortion prohibition also includes four aspects; economic insecurity; women’s rights; political representation and participation; the nation’s interests. The findings are understood as mirroring and thus this thesis argues that abortion prohibition exacerbates women’s insecurity. Lastly, it suggests that abortion rights should theoretically be understood as a security issue. The study at hand empirically contributes to the existing literature on women’s (in)security narratives and furthermore adds a theoretical contribution on abortion rights as a security issue.
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Móntez, Melissa I. "Let Your Panza be Your Guide: Decolonizing Fat in Chicanx Art and Literature." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/856.

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Representations of Chicana bodies in dominant popular culture have historically been contested by Chicana feminists’ own self-representations through art and literature. However, few works examine representations of fat Chicana bodies in literature by Chicana feminists. Through a literary analysis of The Panza Monologues and Real Women Have Curves, as well as an artistic analysis of Laura Aguilar’s photography and through the lenses of Chicanx, queer, and fat studies, my research bridges a gap between Chicana feminist work and fat studies. It looks at how fatness is constructed through the self-representation of women’s bodies. Ultimately, I argue that these art objects are sites of fat Chicana artivism—activism through the use of art—that call for body liberation, respond to the “normative body” required by a colonial legacy of symbolic and physical violence against Chicanx women, and pave the way for further creative artistic and literary work centered on fat Chicanxs to be done.
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Geloğullari, Gülin. "Female Friendship Films: A Post-Feminist Examination of Representations of Women in the Fashion Industry." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc848090/.

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This thesis focuses on three fashion industry themed female friendship films: Pret-a-Porter/Ready to Wear (1994) by Robert Altman, The Devil Wears Prada (2006) by David Frankel, and The September Issue (2009) by R.J. Cutler. Female interpersonal relationships are complex – women often work to motivate, encourage and transform one another but can just as easily use tactics like intimidation, manipulation, and exploitation in order to save their own jobs and reputations. Through the lens of post-feminist theory, this thesis examines significant female interpersonal relationships in each film to illustrate how femininity is constructed and driven by consumer culture in the fashion industry themed films.
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Books on the topic "Fat is a Feminist Issue"

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide for women + Fat is a feminist issue II. London: Arrow Books, 1998.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide for women. New York: Galahad Books, 1997.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue ...: How to lose weight permanently - without dieting. London: Arrow Books, 1988.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue II: A program to conquer compulsive eating. New York: Berkley Books, 1986.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue ...: How to lose weight permanently without dieting. London: Arrow, 1986.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: How to lose weight permanently without dieting. London: Arrow Books, 1988.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide to permanent weight loss. New York: Berkley Books, 1994.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide to permanent weight loss. Berkley: Berkley Pub., 1986.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide to permanent weight loss. New York: Berkley Books, 1990.

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Orbach, Susie. Fat is a feminist issue: The anti-diet guide to permanent weight loss. New York: Berkley Books, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fat is a Feminist Issue"

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Zvelebil, Marek. "Fat is a Feminist Issue: On Ideology, Diet and Health in Hunter-Gatherer Societies." In Gender and Material Culture in Archaeological Perspective, 209–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62334-1_13.

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Nelson, Robert. "Slim evidence of fat fortunes." In Feminist Perspectives On Art, 173–87. New York: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315162072-14.

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Boddington, Paula Ruth. "The Issue of Women’s Philosophy." In Feminist Perspectives in Philosophy, 205–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19079-9_12.

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Cohen, Claire. "Epilogue — Male Rape is a Feminist Issue/Male Rape is a Feminist Issue!/Male Rape is a Feminist Issue?" In Male Rape is a Feminist Issue, 170–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035103_9.

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Macleod, Catriona. "Adolescent Pregnancy: A Feminist Issue." In International Handbook of Adolescent Pregnancy, 129–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8026-7_6.

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Gill, Rosalind. "Surveillance is a feminist issue." In The Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Feminism, 148–61. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315728346-10.

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Bielby, Clare. "Murder is a (lesbian) feminist issue." In Women, Global Protest Movements, and Political Agency, 98–114. New York: Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge studies in gender and global politics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351203715-7.

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Ho, Anita. "Artificial intelligence as a feminist bioethics issue." In The Routledge Handbook of Feminist Bioethics, 291–307. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003016885-25.

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Schaub, Jason. "Social Work Men as a Feminist Issue." In Rethinking Feminist Theories for Social Work Practice, 303–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94241-0_17.

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Cohen, Claire. "Introduction — Feminism, Governmentality and ‘Male’ Rape." In Male Rape is a Feminist Issue, 3–9. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035103_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fat is a Feminist Issue"

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Naberushkina, E., O. Sudorgin, V. Moiseev, and E. Karelina. "Disability Issues in the Context of Urban and Feminist Paradigms." In International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.408.

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Fabricius, Alexis. "Privacy is a feminist issue: Reconsidering data sharing in menstrual self-tracking apps." In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Engineering, Science and Technology (ETHICS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ethics53270.2021.9632745.

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Murray, Jessica. "THE CASUAL CRUELTY OF FAT PHOBIA: A FEMINIST LITERARY ANALYSIS OF “UNRULY” FEMININE CORPOREALITY IN SELECTED TEXTS." In 51st International Academic Conference, Vienna. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2019.051.028.

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Al Sheidi, Ali Salim, Hatim Abdul Raheem Al Balushi, Zahran Ahmed Al Rawahi, Yahya Hilal Al Amri, and Deutra Mansur. "Step Change in Delivering High Fracture Wells by Eliminating Expandable Liner." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207934-ms.

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Abstract This paper discusses the journey of finding alternate solution for having to run the Expandable Liners operations in the Fahud field which is already one of the most operationally challenging fields to drill in Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), due to the presence of a gas cap in highly fractured and depleted limestone formations with total losses and the need for dynamic annulus fill to maintain primary well control. In Fahud field, there is a highly reactive shale formation within reservoir limestone formation. Due to high likelihood of total losses, this shale formation caused bore hole instability challenges while drilling. And with more depletion took place, the challenges became more frequently to occurred. In 2001, expandable tubular liner was introduced to address these bore hole instability challenges while drilling highly reactive shale formation under total losses in the 8-1/2″ section. The use of expandable technology was sustained over the years in delivering all wells drilled to traverse this reactive shale column. Previously before 2001, wells used to have fat well design by installations of extra casing to cover the formations and problematic zones. Also, Fahud field was not depleted as it is now, and the problematic shale zone used to drill by normal conventional way without any issue using inhibition frilling fluid. Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) identified expandable liner as a preferred alternative to ‘Fat’ well design. The ‘Fat’ well design would have a large hole size through potential loss zones, resulting in unmanageable volumes of water being required. Expandable liber was fast-tracked - various technical options were considered by PDO with expandable liner technology being identified as the best solution to address the problem of the shale column. However, the deployment of expandable tubular liner technology supported to drill & deliver wells but also has its associated challenges incurring additional time and cost with reasonable installation and low operations success rate due to number of operational steps required prior and after the expandable liner. Adding to that, all the challenges associated with each step. The installation of the expandable liner required eight operational steps with multiple trips to under-ream, install and expand, cement, caliper log and drill through the liner which increased the probability of something going wrong due to mainly the challenging well profile and multiple operations steps. The expandable liners technology was required when the target formation was below the reactive shale interval. The team carried out a study of previous deployments with the intention of identifying well planning and operational contributors to the installation difficulties and operations failures, with a view of eliminating the need for installing the expandable liner and drilling the well to the desired landing point at designed section total depth. Most of the unsuccessful installation rates were observed to be prevalent in wells with high angle applications. The team also observed that the length of the hole interval below the reactive shale column contributed to the number of unsuccessful installation and operational failure rates recorded. The team evaluated the impact of reducing well inclination on the ability to deliver the hole section without installing the expandable liner. Subsequently the team developed an optimization plan which involved keeping all build activities above and below the problematic interval and holding tangent at less than 45° inclination while drilling across the problematic shale. In conclusion, in 2020 the team delivered six wells (90% of wells crossing reactive shale formation delivered) using the above described approach and traversed the historically highly reactive shale formation without installing expandable liners. This resulted in a 20% reduction in total well construction time and 17% reduction in total well delivery cost per well. In addition to the time and cost saving, with the new approach, described in this paper, less water needed to be pumped for dynamic fill. This allowed bringing the wells quicker to production, thus reducing oil deferment.
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Meškova, Sandra. "THE SENSE OF EXILE IN CONTEMPORARY EAST CENTRAL EUROPEAN WOMEN’S LIFE WRITING: DUBRAVKA UGREŠIČ AND MARGITA GŪTMANE." In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/22.

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Exile is one of the central motifs of the 20th century European culture and literature; it is closely related to the historical events throughout this century and especially those related to World War II. In the culture of East Central Europe, the phenomenon of exile has been greatly determined by the context of socialism and post-socialist transformations that caused several waves of emigration from this part of Europe to the West or other parts of the world. It is interesting to compare cultures of East Central Europe, the historical situations of which both during World War II and after the collapse of socialism were different, e.g. Latvian and ex-Yugoslavian ones. In Latvia, exile is basically related to the emigration of a great part of the population in the 1940s and the issue of their possible return to the renewed Republic of Latvia in the early 1990s, whereas the countries of the former Yugoslavia experienced a new wave of emigration as a result of the Balkan War in the 1990s. Exile has been regarded by a great number of the 20th century philosophers, theorists, and scholars of diverse branches of studies. An important aspect of this complex phenomenon has been studied by psychoanalytical theorists. According to the French poststructuralist feminist theorist Julia Kristeva, the state of exile as a socio-cultural phenomenon reflects the inner schisms of subjectivity, particularly those of a feminine subject. Hence, exile/stranger/foreigner is an essential model of the contemporary subject and exile turns from a particular geographical and political phenomenon into a major symbol of modern European culture. The present article regards the sense of exile as a part of the narrator’s subjective world experience in the works by the Yugoslav writer Dubravka Ugrešič (“The Museum of Unconditional Surrender”, in Croatian and English, 1996) and Latvian émigré author Margita Gūtmane (“Letters to Mother”, in Latvian, 1998). Both authors relate the sense of exile to identity problems, personal and culture memory as well as loss. The article focuses on the issues of loss and memory as essential elements of the narrative of exile revealed by the metaphors of photograph and museum. Notwithstanding the differences of their historical situations, exile as the subjective experience reveals similar features in both authors’ works. However, different artistic means are used in both authors’ texts to depict it. Hence, Dubravka Ugrešič uses irony, whereas Margita Gūtmane provides a melancholic narrative of confession; both authors use photographs to depict various aspects of memory dynamic, but Gūtmane primarily deals with private memory, while Ugrešič regards also issues of cultural memory. The sense of exile in both authors’ works appears to mark specific aspects of feminine subjectivity.
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João Pereira Neto, Maria, and Maria Inês Leal. "Genderless Fashion Design: from binary fashion to bio-segmentation. Body biotypes and somatotypes as main bases to inclusive fashion design." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001870.

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Abstract:
In this moment in history, products cannot only be about aesthetics, quality, and fabrics.The design process begins long before the idealization of a creation and its mandatory for professionals and brands to comprehend the weight of values,content and concept to the user, and use them to express and educate all consumeers. This paper aims to recognize, clarify, and document the specific subject of bio-segmentation: body somatotypes and biotypes, as the new base of construction in fashion design, instead of basing it in binary genders. For this, mind mapping, brainstorming organization charts, observation, stakeholder maps and surveys will be used to help in the structuring of this paper.Somatotypes are the three types of bodies that everybody has, women and men: ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph. Ectomorph is the leaner somatotype, with a light and narrow bone structure.Mesomorph is the athletic one, men with inverted triangle biotypes, and women with hourglass biotypes are usually in this category. Lastly, the endomorph somatotype, is the most common one, has a slow metabolic system propitious to fat increase. As to biotypes, there is six female ones (triangle, rectangle, diamond, oval, inverted triangle, and hourglass), and five male ones (triangle, rectangle, trapeze, oval, and inverted triangle), from which four match, meaning that there are only seven in total to build the segmentation system form.Gender issues, genderless fashion design, sustainability, inclusion, and ethics are some themes of relevance to new generations, and it is imperative to find new ways to stop them from remaining social stigmas. So,we suggest a new segmentation method that divides fashion and patterns through biotypes and somatotypes. It is also a goal to try to understand and predict how to reinvent design to fit this ideal and which are the essential modifications that need to be do be done the current design production, making this issue a relevant phase of the design process.We aim to promote some relevant research, helping genderless fashion to become a viable way for brands to stop making binary divisions, boosting the end of acceptance of sexist social norms and culture as well as the stigmatization of gender issues.We hope, that after this purpose is accomplished the real meaning of freedom will be achievable in clothing and fashion.
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