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Kolkenbrock, Marie Elise. "Stereotype and destiny in narrative writings by Arthur Schnitzler." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708214.
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Hahn, Terry R. "Eros and Thanatos the struggle for instinctual domination in tragedy and comedy of Shakespeare /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1998. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1998.Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1]-2. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2844. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-110).
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Marbais, Peter Christian. "The fate of this poor woman men, women, and intersubjectivity in Moll Flanders and Roxana /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1112111031.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005.Title from PDF t.p. (Aug. 9, 2006). Advisor: Vera J. Camden. Keywords: intersubjectivity; Moll Flanders; Roxana; Fate; Providence. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347- 361).
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Pond, Julia Rose. "Divine Destiny or Free Choice: Nietzsche's Strong Wills in the Harry Potter Series." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/35.
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This paper considers the influences of fate and free will in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series. Current scholarship on the topic generally agrees that Rowling champions free will by allowing her characters learning opportunities through their choices. By using Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy on fate and free will and by more closely examining the Harry Potter texts, this paper demonstrates fate’s stronger presence in Rowling’s fictional world. Certain strong-willed characters rise above their peers’ fated states by embracing their personal fates and exercising their wills to create themselves within fated destinies. The paper also explores the possibility of an authority directing fate.
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Chen, Yi Samuel. "Fate in Qohelet." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Gomersall, Catherine. "On fate and fatalism : photography and fatal theories." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/425.
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This PhD thesis, On Fate and Fatalism: Photography and Fatal Theories, is a twopart practice-led enquiry comprising a book of photographs and an exegesis. This exegesis, entitled Photography and Fatal Theories, is my written interpretation and response to two bodies of artwork presented in my book, On Fate and Fatalism, in which I examine the notion of fate and fatalism through a photographic practice. This project proceeds by posing the question: how can notions of fate and fatalism be explored, articulated and interpreted in a photographic practice? In my series, Femme Fatalist: Woman With Taxidermy, which comprises Part One of my book On Fate and Fatalism, I examine the notion of fate with pertinence to postfeminism and argue that the discourse of postfeminism is enclosed in a discourse of how women relate to popular culture and consumption. My femme fatalist is a parody of the postmodern femme fatale trope, and through conceptualizing popular postfeminism as a form of fatalism, I present a critique of conspicuous consumption as being an insufficient form of postfeminist empowerment. I suggest that the notion of the abject offers a perspective on the importance of the fatal to subjectivity in postmodernity, and my interest in the fatal follows through to my series, Body Bags: “I am a Trash Bag”, which comprises Part Two of my book of photographs. In this second series, in which I conceptualize the plastic bag as the quintessential icon of postmodern consumption, I move toward a consideration of waste as a means to explore the notions of fate and fatalism. Through this investigation I find that to be a fatalist, and to believe in fate, has lost much of its meaning in postmodernity, and I suggest that practice-led research offers opportunities for a meaningful reconsideration of fate and fatalism’s relevance to discussions of postmodern subjectivity and discourses of consumption.
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Esparza, Oscar Armando. "Development of a multidimensional fatalism measure." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Brink, Marthinus Ryk. "Exploring fatalism in adolescents." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86374.
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Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This qualitative study used an interpretive paradigm within a theoretical framework of social cognitive theory to explore fatalism within the context of the lived experiences of adolescents. A tentative assumption was made that fatalism among adolescents may be at the root of a variety of recognisable behavioural and educational problems that manifest in South African society. At the same time the study aimed to investigate how fatalism may manifest in and colour the lived experiences of adolescents, as well to investigate how fatalism possibly affects educational attainment. This study was informed by a literature review which addressed the different theoretical perspectives pertaining to the etiology of fatalism. The literature was approached from a very wide perspective, including contributions from the various disciplines in the field of social sciences including theology, philosophy, psychology and social theory. These insights were complemented by perspectives from educational psychology particularly with regard to adolescent development and learning theory. The sample of the study constituted of 164 grade 11 learners from five schools in the Western Cape. Data was collected by making use of creative strategies, focus groups and personal interviews. This study found the following: adolescent fatalism seems to emanate from the lived experiences of adolescents as a cognitive phenomenon, rooted in the deterministic beliefs of adolescents about their selves, others, as well as the physical and social environments, with behavioural, affective and psychological consequences. Adolescent fatalism colour their lived experiences by causing alienation from those experiences, oppositional behaviour and feelings of pessimism, anxiety and depression. Adolescent fatalism seems to affect educational attainment by contributing to fixed implicit theories of academic potential, low level of motivation, disengagement from the educational system and the social aspects of learning.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie is gedoen binne 'n interpretatiwe paradigma en vanuit die teoretiese raamwerk van die sosiaal-kognitiewe teorie ten einde fatalisme binne die lewensondervindinge van adolessente te ondersoek. 'n Tentatiewe aanname is gemaak dat fatalisme onder adolessente aan die kern van 'n verskeidenheid van herkenbare gedrags- en opvoedkundige probleme in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing mag lê. Verder was die studie daarop gemik om ondersoek in te stel na die manifestering van fatalisme in die lewens van adolessente, hoe dit die lewensondervindinge van adolessente raak en hoe dit die bereiking van opvoedkundige doelwitte beïnvloed. Die studie is gebaseer op 'n literatuuroorsig wat die verskillende teoretiese perspektiese rakende die etiologie van fatalisme aanspreek. Die literatuuroorsig is vanuit 'n wye perspektief benader en sluit interdissiplinêre bydraes uit die veld van die sosiale wetenskappe byvoorbeeld teologie, filosofie, sielkunde en sosiale teorie. Hierdie insigte is gekombineer met perspektiewe uit die opvoedkundige sielkunde, spesifiek ten opsigte van adolessente ontwikkeling en leerteorie. Die steekproef vir die studie het uit 164 leerders uit 5 skole bestaan. Data is ingesamel deur van kreatiewe strategieë asook fokusgroep en individuele onderhoude gebruik te maak. In hierdie studie is die volgende bevindinge gemaak: adolessente fatalisme blyk uit die lewensondervindinge van adolessente te voorskyn te kom. Dit manifesteer as 'n kognitiewe fenomeen wat gewortel is in die deterministiese geloof van adolessente aangaande hulself, ander, sowel as die fisieke en sosiale omgewings, met gedrags-, affektiewe en sielkundige gevolge. Adolessente fatalisme kleur hul lewenservaringe deur hulle van daardie ervaringe te vervreem, tot weerstandige gedrag aanleiding te gee en gevoelens van pessimisme, angs en depressie te veroorsaak. Adolessente fatalisme blyk ook die bereiking van opvoedkundige doelwitte te beïnvloed deurdat dit aanleiding gee tot vaste implisiete teorieë oor akademiese potensiaal, lae vlakke van motivering meebring, onttrekking uit die opvoedkundige stelsel aan die hand werk en die sosiale aspekte van leer beïnvloed.
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Chan, Wing-sze Stephanie, and 陳詠思. "Chinese fatalism and its relation to coping and adaptation outcomes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31224040.
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Diekemper, Joseph. "Time, fixity, and the metaphysics of the future." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12951.
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Philosophers who work on time often ignore the implications their doctrines have for the common sense intuition that the past is fixed and the future not. Similarly, those who work on fatalism, and whose arguments often imply an assertion or denial of the common sense intuition, rarely take into account the implicit dependence their arguments have upon specific theories of time. I take the intuition, and its relation to the nature of time, seriously. In Part I of my thesis, I investigate the relations between the dynamic and static theories of time, on the one hand, and the intuition, on the other. I argue that the so called 'pure' forms of these theories, inasmuch as they both posit an ontological temporal symmetry, cannot do justice to the intuition. The 'pure' B-Theory, with its denial of objective temporal becoming, cannot allow for a robust sense in which the future is non-fixed. The 'pure' A-Theory, according to which only the present exists, acknowledges the robustness of the asymmetry, but cannot provide a ground for it. I conclude Part I of my thesis with the claim that only a conception of time according to which the past exists and the future does not, can account for the intuition. In Part II, I discuss those fatalistic arguments which rely upon the determinateness of future truth as their key premise, and argue that these fail either because they rely on an illegitimate modal concept, or because they rely on a key undefended assumption. Finally, in the Epilogue, I provide a more detailed sketch of the account of time posited at the end of Part I, and suggest that it can also provide a more thoroughgoing rejection of the logical fatalistic argument.
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Wong, Sze-man, and 黃思敏. "What to control when cancer comes? : the relationship of multidimensional health locus of control, fate control and subjective well-being among Chinese cancer patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209553.
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Cancer, the most common cause of death in Hong King, poses marked psychological impacts through treatment into cancer survivorship. Literature indicated that internal health locus of control was associated with better psychosocial adjustment (Wang et al., 2013). Meanwhile, fatalistic view was related to avoidant coping and poor psychological adjustment (Chan, 2000). However, fatalism might have a different meaning for the Chinese (Ho et al., 2003). The present study examined the relationship of health locus of control, fate Control and subjective well-being among Chinese cancer patients. Ninety-nine cancer patients were assessed with Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Fate Control Scale from Social Axiom Survey and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-General during active treatment (Time 1) and with WHO-5 Well-Being Index at a six-month follow-up (Time 2). At Time 1, results indicated positive correlation between powerful others health locus of control and functional well-being. At Time 2, internal health locus of control was positively correlated with WHO-5 while social well-being at Time 1 was positively correlated with WHO-5. Implication of findings and limitations of study were discussed.published_or_final_version
Clinical Psychology
Master
Master of Social Sciences
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Mehanovic, Miralem. "FATE ACCORDING TO THE PROSE EDDA NARRATION OF RAGNAROK : A Theological contemplation, elaboration and insight to the Norse pagan concept of fate." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Religionsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36542.
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The Prose Edda chapter, Ragnarok as recorded by Snorri, was taken as a pivotal point for exploring fate according to the Norse mythology. The eschatological concept of collapsing gods and destruction of the world was explored through the logical and theological fatalist theory, diverging the orientation from standard textual exploration. The thesis examines the concept by employing the methodology of hermeneutics to scrutinise the text. The analysis derived results confirmed the existence of belief in fate embedded in the text; the logical fatalism that polarises statements by their truthfulness, even though it was not found or indicated textually, provided a strong contrast to theological fatalism, evidenced throughout the text. The weak theological fatalism (determinism) was suggested in the findings based on Ragnarok text, by which the inexorable change of aeons as set-in motion by the Universal Force (predicted by the three Volvas), does not entirely compromise the Aesir's free will; such as the cosmic order includes the free will in its mechanism; while Aesir's voluntary choice was dependent on God's forescience, it was still free to operate within the remit of its emission, unperturbed within the cosmic design. The Nietzschean concept of Amor Fati (Love for Fate) in accepting the inevitable, through the cyclicality of time, and as it appears with a reason that is to keep one happy, additionally illuminated our understanding of fate in Ragnarok. To counterbalance this idea and bring it into equilibrium, I reflected upon the notion of "Designer of Destiny", whereby human beings are assumed to run the entirety of their destiny, soon to learn that this human urge clashes with theit biology (over which they do not have complete control) and the cosmic power that has already predetermined the human path.
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Wildman, Jessica L. "Cultural differences in forgiveness fatalism, trust violations, and trust repair efforts in interpersonal collaboration." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4721.
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Mistakes and betrayals can cause developing interpersonal trust between parties to be broken, and damaged trust can have serious negative impacts on relationships, such as withdrawal from group interaction or the enactment of revenge. Research has suggested that the use of apologies helps to repair damaged trust. However, this research is almost exclusively based in westernized populations and has not begun to explore any cross-cultural differences. Therefore, the primary goal of this comparative cross-national laboratory study was to examine if, and how, the effectiveness of trust repair efforts differs across cultures. The effectiveness of three manipulated trust repair strategies (no response, apology, and account) was tested using students from universities in the United States (U.S.) and in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The results of the study indicate that fatalism, or the belief that events in life are meant to occur, was negatively related to initial trust and positively related to initial distrust toward one's collaborative partner. It was also found that higher levels of fatalism were associated with more severe trust damage after a trust violation. Regarding the trust repair strategies, accounts were more effective at repairing trust than no response for high fatalism participants whereas apologies were more effective than accounts at reducing distrust after a violation for low fatalism participants, providing partial support for the idea that trust repair strategies are more effective when matched to the cultural self-construal of the victim. Finally, initial distrust and trust directly after the violation were predictive of taking revenge on the other player. Implications are discussed along with the study limitations and suggestions for future research.ID: 030646267; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-139).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Psychology; Industrial and Organizational Track
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Radway, John North. "The Fate of Epic in Twentieth-Century American Poetry." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26718713.
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This dissertation explores the afterlife of the Western epic tradition in the poetry of the United States of America after World War Two and in the wake of high modernism. The ancient, Classical conception of epic, as formulated by Aristotle, involves a crucial, integral opposition between ethos, or character, and mythos, or the defining features, narratives, and histories of the world through which ethos moves. The classical epic and its direct line of succession, from Homer to Virgil to Dante to Milton and even to Joel Barlow, uses the opposition between ethos and mythos to create literary tension and drive. In the first half of the twentieth century, however, Ezra Pound upended this tradition dynamic by attempting to create a new form of epic in which mythos, not ethos, was the principal agonist, and in which large-scale aspects of the political, literary, and economic world struggled for survival on their own terms, thus divorcing epic from its traditional reliance on ethos. Chapter One explores this dubious revolution in terms of Pound’s larger project of breaking away from his nineteenth century forbears. The remaining chapters comprise three case studies of the divergent ways in which later twentieth century poets sought to salvage something of the traditional epic dynamic from the ruin wracked by Pound and his acolytes. Chapter Two explores John Berryman’s 77 Dream Songs, an epic-like poem that models itself subtly on Dante’s Commedia while placing a profound and deliberate emphasis on ethos even at the expense of mythos. Chapter Three explores Robert Lowell’s career-long effort to expose the terrifyingly inexorable nature of mythos, constructing an inconceivably enormous presence against whom character and divinity alike struggle in vain. Finally, Chapter Four examines Adrienne Rich’s early and middle years as an attempt to outline and enact a politically and socially efficacious means by which ethos might finally overcome mythos and liberate itself not only from the recursive historical traps of Pound, modernism, fascism, and patriarchy, but also from the literary history and tradition that lured humanity into believing that those traps ever existed. Berryman’s intervention in the epic tradition is heavily literary and overtly personal; Lowell’s is cynical, apocalyptic, and descriptively political; and Rich’s is revolutionary and messianic. Together, these three poets represent a meaningful sampling of the afterlife of the epic tradition in late twentieth-century America.English
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Nirenburg, Gabriela A. "The Gods Within: Checkhov, Lorca, and the Internalization of Tragic Fate." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1480884187543559.
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Holland, Dorothy J. "The casting and fate of "older" women in nineteenth-century American plays /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10213.
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Pourhosseini, Parisa. "Zurvainism and post Islamic Persian literature: with Ferdusi as a case study." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12449.
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There are many challenges about Iranian pre Islamic religions. Neighbouring religions such as India for parallels in the early period, classical, Syriac, and Armenian influenced for much of their material in Parthian, and Sassanian era. The cult of Zurvanism describes a sect of the Persian that considered space- time as the beginning of the world. Zurvanism described the Zurvan as a father of the rivals Oromasdes of light and Arimanius of darkness. There are three types of Zurvanism which considered time to be the origin of all beings. Combining with Zoroastrianism during its development and having merged in the following religions and beliefs, one cannot clearly describe the legacy of Zurvanism in the following centuries and especially after Islam. This study will describe briefly all issues around the heresy in particular and after, the term of Zandik in common. The intellectual traditions of Iran, whose the texts are mostly written after the emergence of Islam, literature plays an important role, and taking a Demonian Approach (who argued that literature is the source of ideology in each period of history) I assume that Khorasani school of Persian literature is the best means of recognizing the pre-Islamic influence of thought (specially Zurvanism) on post-Islamic thought. It is increasingly important to explore religious influences in literature. Human beings live in diverse, multicultural, technical, and globalized world. In these days, exploring cultural development and relationship with religion provide access to the mystery of other cultures which can itself be an investigation on the philosophical questions concerning life and death, love and hate, time, space, history, subject and object. The study of the influences of Zurvanism on Shahnameh can be an exploration into the fact that how religion as a cultural and historical phenomenon moves across time and spaces and becomes a determining part of art and literature. The transmission and definition of Shahnameh with its myths, history, and religions from one generation to the next lies at the heart of cultural practices. This study gives comprehensive and balanced analyses of the Zurvan religion and also the term of Zandik within the famous Persian poem. The aim of this study is to explore the influences of Zurvanism on the Persian literature in post Islamic era. This research pays especial attention to the doctrine of Zurvanism. The principal question is that whether Zurvanism had a significant influence on Iranian literature? Or generally, what was the reflection of zurvanism, as a pre Islamic religion, on post Islamic literature. The structure of this thesis contains of five main chapters along with the introduction and the conclusion. In chapter one, it was tried to review the Zurvanism philosophy. Second chapter demonstrates the study which will be shaped around understanding of the history of Persian literature from pre Islamic era and post Islamic time by focusing on Ferdusi and his great work Shahnameh. In this respect, firstly, it will focus on the presentation of Samanid Persian literature school in post Islamic era. Then, the important poets and their works will be described. The third chapter could be as a comprehensive literature review on Persian and Western’s studies in this particular title. I assume that this complementary literature review chapter will be helpful for understanding the findings of this research. In a way, it maps out the possible routes of influences of Zurvanism philosophy on post Islamic literature by focusing on Shahnameh. As the method of this study, next section clarifies the methodological tools and techniques used in this study. Finding of this research consists in the two chapters. Final part demostrates that Zurvanism different doctrines had a certain influences among the post Islamic Iranian poets in common and particularly on Ferdusi.
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Tracy, Bauer A. "The Pardoner's Consolation: Reading The Pardoner's Fate Through Chaucer's Boethian Source." Ohio Dominican University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=odu1619274562731637.
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Ball, Jonathan. "Themes of Self-Laceration Towards a Modicum of Control in Nineteenth Century Russia as Expressed by Dostoevsky in The Brothers Karamazov." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2516.
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The majority of the academic discourse surrounding Dostoevsky and his epic, The Brothers Karamazov, has been directed toward the philosophic and religious implications of his characters. Largely overlooked, however, is the theme of laceration. In the greater scope of laceration stands the topic of self-laceration. Self-laceration refers to the practice of causing harm to the self in a premeditated and specifically emotionally destructive fashion. The cause of this experience is varied and expressed in as many ways as there are individuals. The struggle in the Russian psyche between viewing the world as fatalistic or as more of an existential experience finds resolution through self-laceration. By consciously choosing actions that will lead to an abject state, the characters take fate into their own hands. This thesis will explore the themes of self-laceration in a number of characters’ narratives and demonstrate that by utilizing emotional self-destruction they find a modicum of control.
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Kitzmann, Andreas Gernot. "The melancholic hypertext : the fate of the writer in the tangential narrative." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39932.
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This thesis examines the nature of an electronic medium known as hypertext in relation to the act and experience of writing and expression. Essential to the thesis is a conviction that the experiential realm that is created by a particular medium of communication and/or representation is capable of also creating new 'habits of mind' or 'worldings.' These two concepts are indicative of the intensity of experience that is made available via an expressive act and the extent to which the various aspects of this intensity are capable of transformations on personal and public levels.One of the central issues of the thesis is an ongoing re-evaluation of the euphoric claims that trumpet hypertext as usurping the so-called tyranny of the book and the domain of linear thinking in general. In many evaluations of the medium, hypertext is commonly presented as a communications medium that offers a far greater panorama of choices and freedoms than does the printed word and, in addition, is far closer to the way in which the human mind 'actually works.' One of the intentions of this project is to not only critique and study such claims but also to explore their numerous offshoots with respect to cultural, philosophical and ideological practices and techniques. Thus, this thesis unfolds via four major thematic clusters that each, in its own way, challenges and probes at the emerging medium of hypertext as it relates to the activity and cultural practice of writing itself.
The first of these clusters is organized around the challenges and problems of constructing an appropriate interpretive methodology with which to approach hypertext. The second cluster offers an analysis of hypertext's defining characteristics and their relation to melancholy, isolation and anxiety. What follows is an analysis of the major figures in the history of hypertext and their relationship to the dynamics of power and knowledge. The thesis concludes with a meditation on how the act of writing (electronic or otherwise) has profound implications on the very structure and form of the creative human mind and world.
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Allendorf, Kalina. "'Fixed fate, free will' : fate, natural law, necessity, providence, and classical epic narrative in Paradise Lost." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8ac2f44-d77a-466c-b107-2be71916eb93.
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The present thesis considers the allusive and narrative function of fate and its associated concepts of providence, free will, necessity, and natural law in Paradise Lost. It argues that the narrative function of these concepts is shaped by Milton's allusions to classical epic, and assesses their impact on the Christian theology of the poem. It identifies unnoted allusions to well-known epic models (Homer, Vergil, Lucan), and examines how Lucretius' account of natural laws and post-Vergilian representations of epic aftermath influence Milton's own depiction of transgression and its aftermath in Paradise Lost. Chapter 1 considers Satan and other fallen angels' definition of fate as a materialist alternative for the personal rule of the Father. It traces several allusions to fate in cosmological and ethical settings, in Lucretius, Vergil, Lucan, and Statius, and analyses how these allusions interact with the Hesiodic mythical material in the opening books of Milton's epic. Chapter 2 focuses on a pattern of previously unnoted allusions to Lucretius' De Rerum Natura in the narrative of the Fall, culminating in Book 9. It argues that in his temptation of Eve, Milton's Satan subverts Lucretian teachings about the boundaries governing the physical universe as he persuades Eve to transgress her natural state in Eden. Chapter 3 discusses the appearance of the Father in an allusive epic council scene in Book 3. In the dialogue between Father and Son, I suggest, Milton evokes negotiations between the Homeric and Vergilian deities, depicting his God as surpassing his pagan epic counterparts who can only delay the fate of mortals, but not change them. Chapter 4 suggests that Milton's depiction of the aftermath of the Fall is indebted to post-Vergilian epic narratives of 'aftermath'. The final Books of Paradise Lost and the portrayal of Adam and Eve's moral freedom as they leave paradise, with providence their guide, should be read, I posit, against the backdrop of scenes and imagery from Lucan's Bellum Civile and Statius' Thebaid.
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Walls, Levi. "Composing-Out Notre-Dame: How Louise Bertin Expresses the Hugolian Themes of Fate and Decay in La Esmeralda." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248448/.
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From 1831 to 1836, Victor Hugo and Louise Bertin collaborated on an opera titled La Esmeralda. For Hugo, it would be the only opera libretto he would ever write, a mere footnote to his collection of widely admired novels, plays, and poetry; for Bertin, however, it would become her most important work, yet seemingly destined to fade into obscurity like so many great pieces of art. Using Schenkerian analysis, this thesis uncovers the tonal and voice-leading structure of the first act of La Esmeralda. A study of this nature, which operates from the premise that forms as large and complex as opera can be examined in terms of a large-scale structure, is valuable because it sheds new light on the correlation of tonal structure and dramatic organization. Through these methods, Act I of La Esmeralda is read as a background progression from D major (with F# kopfton) to F major, composing-out an F#/F♮ dichotomy introduced in the overture. With reference to several musical-symbolic ideas - including the representation of virtue through the pitch F#, the key of Notre-dame's bells - it is shown how the musical structure of Act I expresses the Hugolian themes of fate and decay.
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de, Souza Machado Anderson Abel. "Coastal pollution of aquatic systems : literature review and experiments focusing on metal fate on estuaries." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24637.
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Anthropocene is the current era in which human activities modify various environmental properties, which have implications for many coastal processes. Anthropogenic stressors increasingly affect coasts and push these environments to a new altered equilibrium state. However, monitoring such pollution is a challenging task because coastal systems are highly dynamic and integrate the physicochemical forces at work on freshwater bodies, estuaries and lagoons with the oceanographic characteristics of adjacent seas. The current thesis addresses pollution of coastal environments in a broad way, with special attention to the current and historic problematic of estuarine contamination by metals. Firstly, it introduces the chemical (e.g. metals, persistent organic pollutants, and emerging contaminants), physical (e.g. microplastics, sediment loads, temperature), and biological (e.g. microbiological contamination, invasive species) pervasive anthropogenic influence in coastal areas. This introductory chapter is followed by a discussion on the limitations towards holistic environmental health assessments that are imposed by the scarcity of tools and multidisciplinary approaches. At that juncture, we perform a deep investigation of metal fate and its effects in estuaries. The review of the scientific literature in the third chapter provides a transdisciplinary conceptual framework for the estuarine behaviour of metals and its impacts on fauna and flora. This comprehensive overview and conceptual model are further accompanied by an elaboration on empirical models, as well as discussion of data on metal behaviour under laboratory and field conditions. While our review postulates that most studies had observed a non-conservative behaviour of metals in estuaries, our data suggests that at local scale such phenomenon is greatly explained by a high metal mobilisation driven by biogeochemical gradients. In fact, our results demonstrate that iron mobilisation regulates the pollution levels of iron and potentially other metals in an intertidal area under strong anthropogenic influence. In summary, estuarine physicochemical gradients, biogeochemical processes, and organism physiology are jointly coordinating the fate and potential effects of metals in estuaries, and both realistic model approaches and attempts to postulate site-specific water quality criteria or water/sediment standards must consider such interactions.
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Lasseter, Helen Theresa Wood Ralph C. "Fate, providence, and free will : clashing perspectives of world order in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4845.
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Radcliffe, Nathan W. "Nietzsche’s Naturalism as a Critique of Morality and Freedom." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1350611814.
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Punsly, Kathryn. "The Influence of Nietzsche and Schopenhauer on Hermann Hesse." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/347.
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In my first chapter, I will discuss the mark of Cain at greater length and introduce the idea of daemon. In the second chapter, I will discuss how it functions as part of Nietzschean active nihilism. Finally, in the third chapter, I will explore the problem of somberness and the problem of fanaticism, and see how Hesse tries to resolve these two problems.
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Auriti, Alexander. "Fixation and fate the meaning of obsession in Genji monogatari and Hong lou-meng /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1586.
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Braden, Heidi Elizabeth. "Lily Bart and Isabel Archer: Women Free to Choose Lifestyles or Victims of Fate?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/453.
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This thesis argues that Isabel Archer of Henry James’s novel The Portrait of a Lady and Lily Bart of Edith Wharton’s novel The House of Mirth were nineteenth-century characters struggling to assert their social and sexual independence in a male dominated society. Although Isabel inherits a fortune that allegedly enables her to have more autonomy than Lily, both characters are negatively affected by their inability to conceive of their lives outside of social convention.
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Wynne, Hayley. ""Leave Sunny Imaginations Hope": The Fate of Three Women in Charlotte Bronte's Villette." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1292456479.
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Canton, Licia 1963. "The fate of the fallen woman in George Eliot and Thomas Hardy /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65544.
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de, Souza Machado Anderson Abel [Verfasser]. "Coastal pollution of aquatic systems : Literature review and experiments focusing on metal fate on estuaries / Anderson Abel de Souza Machado." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149513004/34.
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Forment, Costa José María. "Destino y libertad en los romances de Thomas Hardy." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba CEU, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457768.
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El tres romanços de Thomas Hardy - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major y Two on
a Tower- han estat inclosos com a exemples d’ obres pessimistes I fatalistes. Aquesta
tesi pretén mostrar que aquestes obres no s’ ajusten a aquest patró, sinó que els
personatges son lliures i que la tragedia final es conseqüència dels seus propis actes.
Al mateix temps, la tesi exemplifica la relació mimètica entre literatura i realitat a través
dels vincles amorosos dels protagonistes de les obres.
Així, amb tot, aquesta investigació amplia coneixements en l'obra de Hardy en llengua
castellana, especialment en relació amb les seves obres menors.Los tres romances de Thomas Hardy - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major y Two on a Tower- han sido incluidos como ejemplos de obras pesimistas y fatalistas. Esta tesis pretende mostrar que estas obras no se ajustan a este patrón, sino que los personajes son libres y que la tragedia final es consecuencia de sus propios actos. A la vez, la tesis ejemplifica la relación mimética entre literatura y realidad a través de los vínculos amorosos de los personajes principales de las obras. Así, con todo ello, esta investigación amplía el conocimiento en lengua castellana de la obra de Hardy, especialmente en relación a sus obras menores.
Thomas Hardy's three romances - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major and Two on a Tower- have been included as examples of pessimistic and fatalistic works. This thesis aims to show that these works do not conform to this pattern, but the characters are free and that the final tragedy is a consequence of their own acts. At the same time, the thesis exemplifies the mimetic relationship between literature and reality through the love links of the main characters of the works. Thus, this research expands the knowledge in Spanish of Hardy's work, especially in relation to his minor works.
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Roodt, Vasti. "Amor fati, amor mundi : Nietzsche and Arendt on overcoming modernity." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1230.
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Lindgren, Hedberg Erika. "From Bliss to Tragedy : A Study of the Fates of Three of Thomas Hardy's Noble Dames." Thesis, Department of Culture and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19701.
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This essay explores the choices and fates of three women in Thomas Hardy’s A Group of Noble Dames. The lives of Betty Dornell, Emmeline Oldbourne and Barbara Grebe are all influenced by chance, choice and the interference of their parents and lovers. Despite the similar circumstances of their lives as young, upper-class women, it is shown that their fates vary widely as a result of both choice and chance. Ultimately, however, this essay claims that Hardy allows chance to have the final say in each dame’s destiny.
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Fuller, Michael E. "The tradition of restoration : an examination of the motifs of Israel's re-gathering and the fate of the nations in early Jewish literature and Luke-Acts." Thesis, Durham University, 2005. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2859/.
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This thesis identifies and examines the tradition of restoration. Particular attention is given to its expression in—what is identified in the present study—as the exilic model of restoration. This model provided one framework through which Jews in the Greco- Roman period could express their dilemmas as well as their hopes and ideas of the future. This particular expression of Israel's restoration is characterized by the features of Israel’s re-gathering, the fate of the nations/enemies, and the establishment of a new Temple. The present study focuses primarily on the first two features (i.e., the re- gathering of Israel and the fate of Israel's enemies) of the exilic model of restoration. The features are identified in a wide number of early Jewish documents and examined for their interpretation. In Chapter One, we examine and submit to critique the most important scholarly work on the use of the pattern of 'exile and return' in early Jewish ideas of restoration. In Chapter Two (The Re-gathering of Israel) we identify and discuss various early Jewish sources that represent the diverse interpretations given to the motif of Israel's eschatological return. In Chapter Three (The Defeat of Israel's Enemies), we examine a number of early Jewish documents that represent the variety of interpretations and emphases given to the hope for the defeat of Israel's adversaries. In Chapter Four (The Restoration of Israel in Luke-Acts), we explore the influence of these early Jewish ideas of restoration on the self-identity and hopes of a formative Christian community.
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Furmanski, Olivia Chanel. "'Fate and Destiny in The Sun Is Also a Star' – The Features of Narration in the Novel and the Filmscript." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22997.
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In this paper, I analyze and compare the novel The Sun Is Also a Star by Nicola Yoon with the filmscript by Tracy Oliver for the 2019 movie adaptation. First, I demonstrate how the narrative in The Sun Is Also a Star deals with the literary ideas of fate and destiny and how scholars have defined the concepts. Secondly, I argue that the filmscript is a literary text that can be equated to the novel in a literary analysis of their narrative features. I claim that the narrative features of the novel and the filmscript embody fate and destiny in different ways because of the differences in their narrative situations and thought representations. I argue that the narrative situation of the novel, with its authorial narrator and narrative levels, embodies a relationship between fate and destiny as different perspectives are put into focus in the narration. However, the filmscript embodies these concepts as distinct because the narrative situation of the heterodiegetic narrator does not represent the same connectedness. I then maintain this argument as the filmscript in its thought representation and replacement of it with images and speech representation continues to portray the concepts as separate. In contrast, the thought representation of the novel embodies the relationship between the concepts because the thoughts represent connectedness and cause and effect. In my concluding remarks, I look at possible areas of future research.
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Lai-Bovenkerk, Yuan. "An investigation of the experiences and perspectives of immigrant Chinese Canadian mothers of sons with disabilities : parent involvement, coping, and related beliefs and values." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/NQ56572.pdf.
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Müller, Moira Anne. "Moira. Destino y Iibertad en el pensamiento antiguo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/313996.
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En el presente trabajo de investigación nos hemos preguntado por la evolución de las primeras nociones de destino y libertad en el mundo antiguo y por la relación entre ambas. La tesis principal que defendemos es que los conceptos en cuestión desconocen una evolución en sentido filosóficamente “progresista”. La noción de destino no evoluciona desde una representación concreta a un concepto abstracto, ni al revés, sino que desde los más remotos tiempos la mente humana piensa mediante abstracciones y personificaciones. Igualmente, no se puede hablar de una progresiva determinación por parte de los poderes del destino (determinismo) ni a la inversa. La noción de libertad tampoco está sujeta a un proceso de desarrollo lineal, en el cual pase de una vaga noción de autonomía a una libertad absoluta. En el pensamiento antiguo las prenociones de destino y libertad nunca se presentan de forma absoluta, sino en una relación de mutua dependencia y condicionamiento. Las interpretaciones de lo que está y lo que no está en manos del hombre mantienen una línea general de continuidad. El pensamiento arcaico y clásico no difiere radicalmente del pensamiento helenístico. Aunque los nombres y las funciones del destino cambian, y se puede hablar de una interiorización, las decisiones humanas siempre contienen un factor de necesidad, interna o externa. Pero no solamente la voluntad del hombre sigue vulnerable y flexible, sino que también la noción del destino se presenta influenciable por otros poderes y por los dioses. Aunque el hombre antiguo no puede dominar el destino, puede introducir ciertos cambios, pero sobre todo puede determinar su estado interior. Puede decidir qué actitud tomar ante los avatares inevitables de la vida y cómo afrontar el sufrimiento. Esta idea está presente tanto en la poesía épica, lírica y trágica como en el pensamiento clásico y helenístico.In the present dissertation we had the aim to investigate the development of the prenotions of destiny and freedom in ancient Greek thought. Our research consists of two parts. The first part is dedicated to the research of the development of the first ‘contours’ of destiny in Archaic, Classic and Hellenistic thought. We have studied mainly the works of Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Plato, Aristotle, Seneca and Alexander of Aphrodisias. We sustain the idea that there is no linear development of the notion moira, as some scholars maintain. Instead of a progress from a concrete representation to an abstract one, or the other way around, we observe the coexistence between a concrete image of the word moira (a chthonic goddess) and her abstract representation (the first expressions of the conception of destiny). Many scholars have made conjectures about the existence of a universal, abstract and superior Moira, who ordained the Justice and the right distribution of the whole cosmos. But in our research we did not find a glimpse of this philosophical and absolute Moira in any archaic or classical text. In the second part of the present investigation we have tried to demonstrate that the notion of freedom is not subject to a progressive development either. In the poetry of Homer the hero is not a marionette in the hands of the gods, and in the tragedies of Euripides we do not observe what some scholars have called the ‘secularization’ or ‘emancipation’ of the human ‘will’. Instead of a radical rupture between the archaic and the classic thought we observe continuity of perspective: the notions of destiny and freedom are never absolute but mutually conditioned. The Archaic, Classic and even Hellenistic poetry, describe the human being as vulnerable to external and internal influences, but also as capable of taking daily decisions. The same idea of fragility is applied to the conception of destiny. The manifestations of necessity are never absolute, but open to the changes of the contingency, the decision of the gods and the input of human action. The need of an unconditioned and absolute free will, opposed to an absolute Destiny, was unknown to the ancient Greeks. The responsibility of the human being was explained through its limitations and not through an infinitive capacity of volition.
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Brown, Morgan Alexander. "The Pleiadic Age of Stuart Poesie: Restoration Uranography, Dryden's Judicial Astrology, and the Fate of Anne Killigrew." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/77.
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The following Thesis is a survey of seventeenth-century uranography, with specific focus on the use of the Pleiades and Charles's Wain by English poets and pageant writers as astrological ciphers for the Stuart dynasty (1603-1649; 1660-1688). I then use that survey to address the problem of irony in John Dryden's 1685 Pindaric elegy, "To the Pious Memory of Mrs. Anne Killigrew," since the longstanding notion of what the Pleiades signify in Dryden's ode is problematic from an astronomical and astrological perspective. In his elegiac ode, Dryden translates a young female artist to the Pleiades to actuate her apotheosis, not for the sake of mere fulsome hypberbole, but in such a way that Anne (b. 1660-d. 1685) signifies for the reign of Charles II (1660-1685) in her Pleiadic catasterism. The political underpinnings of Killigrew's apotheosis reduce the probability that Dryden's hyperbole reserves pejorative ironic potential.
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Kleiman, Paul N. "Fatum ad Benedictum: Moscow-Petushki, Homo Sovieticus, Postmodernism and the Fatidic post-Soviet Irony of Venedikt Vasilevich Erofeev." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1544812318339904.
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Santiago, Mia B. "Risk Factors." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619120045259618.
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Skagert, Ulrica. "Possibility-Space and Its Imaginative Variations in Alice Munro's Short Stories." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of English, Stockholm University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8292.
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Sinclair-Reynolds, Emma. "(Re)writing Pathways : Oral Tradition, Written Tradition, and Identity Construction in Kanaky/Nouvelle-Calédonie." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NCAL0066/document.
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Comment les traditions orales kanak pourraient-elles agir au-delà de leurs frontières habituelles et influencer les processus de construction identitaire dans la société néo-calédonienne contemporaine ? Notre travail explore les interactions entre la tradition orale kanak et la tradition écrite néocalédonienne, en examinant les textes de réécriture, ces lieux de rencontre entre traditions qui constituent un espace de patrimoine commun. Cette thèse retrace les chemins d’une histoire, Le Chef et le lézard (dont on trouve de multiples versions dans les différentes traditions orales kanak), dans la tradition écrite. Sont élucidés les contextes historiques, politiques et littéraires des processus de production de versions de l’histoire, afin de mettre en évidence les forces en oeuvre, et d’éclairer la manière dont les représentations qui y figurent pourraient participer aux processus de construction identitaire. Les outils conceptuels employés sont la « réécriture », la « vā » (l’espace relationnel océanien d’échange et de rencontre),ainsi que la littérature comme « outil de renforcement communautaire ». La contribution originale qu'apporte notre travail consiste en démontrant le degré et l’étendue de l’intégration d'une histoire kanak dans le polysystème littéraire néo-calédonien ; en soulignant le rôle actif joué par des acteurs kanak dans les processus de réécriture ; en créant une métaphore étendue géographique du paysage littéraire néo-calédonien ; en témoignant de la richesse des traditions orales et écrites de Kanaky/Nouvelle-Calédonie ; et en constituant une passerelle entre les chercheurs/lecteurs non-francophones et la littérature néo-calédonienneHow might Kanak oral traditions move beyond their usual boundaries and influence identity construction processes in contemporary New Caledonian society? This thesis explores the interactions between Kanak oral tradition and New Caledonian written tradition, by examining the (re)writings that are places of encounter between these traditions, and thus constitute a space of shared heritage. This study traces the pathways taken by a story, Le Chef et le lézard, (a number of versions of which are found in different Kanak oral traditions), as it moves into and within written tradition. The historical, political, and literary contexts of the (re)writing processes that produce versions of Le Chef et le lézard are elucidated, to demonstrate the forces at work and shed light on how the representations that figure in the (re)writings might participate in identity construction processes. The conceptual tools used in the study include: rewriting; vā (the relational space of exchange and encounter found throughout Oceania); and literature as a means of building community. The original contribution of this thesis has been to demonstrate the degree and the extent of the integration of a Kanak story into the New Caledonian literary polysystem; to highlight the active role played by Kanak actors in the rewriting process; to develop anextended geographic metaphor for the New Caledonian literary landscape; to bear witness to the richness of oral and written traditions in Kanaky/Nouvelle-Calédonie; and to create a bridge between non-Francophone researchers/readers and New Caledonian literature (oral and written)
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Nichols, Robert Lawrence. "Fatalism and the reality of the future." Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145335.
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Soron, Dennis. "Economic fatalism and popular democratic struggle." 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ82827.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Social and Political Thought.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 327-341). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ82827.
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"命運與自主: 以孟子與莊子為例." 2013. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5884247.
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Yuan Ai.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-48).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract in Chinese and English.
Yuan Ai.
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Oancea, Ana Ilinica. "The Fate of Invention in Late 19th Century French Literature." Thesis, 2014. https://doi.org/10.7916/D86T0K97.
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This dissertation reads the novels of Jules Verne, Albert Robida, Villiers de l'Isle-Adam and Emile Zola, investigating the representation of inventors who specialize in electricity. The figure appears as the intersection of divergent literary movements: Zola, the father of Naturalism and leading proponent of a `scientific' approach to literature, Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, decadent playwright and novelist, Robida, leading caricaturist and amateur historian, and Verne, prominent figure in the emerging genre of anticipation, all develop the inventor character as one who succeeds in realizing key technological aspirations of the 19th century. The authors, however, take a dim view of his activity.
Studying the figure of the inventor allows us to gain insight into fundamental 19th century French anxieties over the nation's progress in science and technology, its national identity, and international standing. The corpus casts science as a pillar of French culture and a modern expression of human creativity, but suggests that social control over how progress is achieved is more important than pure advancement, no matter the price of attaining control. There is a great desire for progress in this period, but as society's dependence on scientific advancement is becoming apparent, so is its being ignorant of the means through which to achieve it. In fiction exploring this subject, the inventor appears as an intercessor, standing at the articulation of cultural aspirations in science and cultural fear over their timely, socially-constructive realization.
Chapter 1 focuses on the works of Jules Verne, elaborating a portrait of the inventor as he appears in the series of the Voyages Extraordinaires. The character returns with remarkable preponderance in subsequent installments of the series, with Vingt mille lieues sous les mers (1870), L'Ile mystérieuse (1874-1875), Les Cinq cents millions de la Bégum (1879), Robur-le-conquérant (1886), Le Château des Carpathes (1892), Face au drapeau (1896) and Maitre du monde (1904) all showing him as best poised to advance French science. Emphasis is placed on his private, reclusive pursuit of the discipline, which is contrasted by the author through the development of characters representing official science, such as professors and engineers. This distinction is read in the context of Verne's educational mission, which supports the official scientists and emphasizes service to the community and the growth of their respective disciplines.
Chapter 2 analyzes Albert Robida's key satirical futuristic novel La Vie électrique (1892). Unlike Verne, Robida illustrates perversions of progress, offering a world in which the rhythm of life is sped up to an untenable pace by inventors. Set in the 20th century, in this version of France technology is fully integrated in everyday life, the inventor is a popular idol and successful businessman. Despite this great departure from the model proposed in Chapter 1, the figure of the inventor is defined through the same seclusion and dedication to research, disdain for education and oversight of his activities. The author thereby succeeds in simultaneously illustrating the realization of France's hopes and fears about its technological development at the turn of the century. Whereas Verne gives voice to the dominant ideological perspective on science, Robida's position as satirist enables him to critique it while retaining a degree of hope, not only through aspects of the plot but also his copious illustrations.
Chapter 3 focuses on the figure of Thomas Edison as the protagonist of Villiers de l'Isle-Adam's L'Eve future. Borrowing the electrical inventor from anticipation, the novel finds its other main source in the topoi of the decadent movement. The inventor's real-life persona is offered as guarantee of the extraordinary achievement of his fictional counterpart, in contrast to Verne's conveying realism through scientific detail. The inventor cynically markets his work to a decadent audience, but Villiers also relies on the repertoire of this tradition to condemn him. The author merely plays at integrating Edison into the line one would imagine for him. Prometheus and Frankenstein are the mythological and literary standards against which the new figure is compared, but are quickly dismissed. Villiers then suggests Goethe's Faust as the most reliable model, only to reveal in a final, negative assessment of the Edison that he is, in fact, Mephistopheles. The novel thus constructs a modern legend of the inventor as a fusion of contemporary journalism and older literary archetypes.
Chapter 4 reads Zola's Travail (1901) as a utopian re-writing of Germinal (1885). It argues that Travail realizes Germinal's closing warning that `new men' would eventually emerge, though it is not to avenge tragedy. These `new men' are the same 19th century workers of Germinal, whose violence and lack of education Zola had described as infantilizing, but this time, they are the children of better fathers, who prepare them to adapt and evolve. The transformation of the working-class community depicted in the Evangile is possible through the work of a Vernian inventor, Jordan. Zola repeats many of the topoi of the character's representation in our other authors, which are again associated with singular success in the domain of electricity. Through Jordan, Zola moves away from his Naturalist of heredity, where the efforts or ambitions of the individual were thwarted by the manifestation of an ancestral tare. Travail uses the inventor figure to propose a new model, one which allows for the transmission of acquired characteristics, and in which positive change is possible.
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Stevenson, Deborah Jane. ""For all our children's fate" : children's literature and contemporary culture /." 1999. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9934125.
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White, Philip W. "Shakespeare's remedies of fortune: The fate of idealism in the late plays." 1999. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9932355.
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The language of idealism and skepticism in Shakespearean moments of disillusionment provides terms for understanding features of the late plays—their self-conscious artificiality, their blend of wonder and irony, pathos and moral indignation. The psychology of disillusionment illuminates the relationship of tragedy to romance. In Timon of Athens, perhaps the last tragedy, Shakespeare skeptically exposes the psychology of idealism but reveals the consequence of such skepticism, a world drained of wonder. Subsequent plays rejuvenate idealism, protecting it from its own tendencies toward punishment and revenge. Moving toward heroic assertion and death, tragedy often colludes with the idealist in his time-foreclosing and self-destructive acts of revenge, but the new genre gives him more time to return to reality without sacrificing the psychological benefits of idealism. Pericles escapes the anxiety brought by awareness of evil by flight and delay. The unifying principle of his play is not the tragic closure of heroic integrity, but a life extended in time. Cymbeline returns to the truth impulses of love-idealism. Posthumous' disillusioned misogyny carries these impulses into a punishing mode, but his reacceptance of Imogen represents an irrational but redeeming subordination of epistemological truth to interpersonal truth. The Winter's Tale rejuvenates idealism after displaying its destructive potentials in jealousy. Married love embodies idealism in an image of the good of life. In the statue scene, the wish for an atemporal ideal gives way to faith in the temporal world. In The Tempest wonder arises from seeing a world as if for the first time, and is thus exposed to the irony of perspectivism. Marriage returns as love at first sight, but shares the stage with tropes of ambition, usurpation, subjugation, murder. Prospero identifies with reason over fury but remains perplexed by irony and anxiety. Taking bearings from within the Shakespearean ethos rather than from a specific theory of genre allows this study to register the distinctive tonalities of the individual plays. The development illuminated is not that of a sustained progression toward a preexisting genre but that of a vital intelligence probing a specific set of problems in an intellectually coherent way.
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Heinrichs, Jonathan. "Translation Issues in Modern Chinese Literature: Viewpoint, Fate and Metaphor in Xia Shang's "The Finger-Guessing Game"." 2019. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/834.
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The Finger-Guessing Game is a novel with many layers of themes, characterization, and metaphor, and conveying all of these varied aspects requires a detailed, careful approach to translation. With this thesis I aim to show that strictly adhering to a singular translation method, such as “word-for-word” or “sense-for-sense,” will produce unsatisfactory results at certain points within the novel. This is accomplished by an overview of several different unique aspects of the writing style of this novel, viewpoint, the theme of fate, and the use of idioms and metaphors. Following this will be an analysis of these aspects’ functions within the novel, and how to best translate them to retain their original meaning. In the end, I advocate for a case-by-case approach to the translation of this novel, wherein each unit of translation is considered individually, and the translator judges how to translate it in the best way possible. Only in this way can the meaning present at all levels in the text, from the themes down to the very language used, be translated in a manner which both reads naturally in English and still carries as much of the original meaning as possible.