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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fatigue mechanisms'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Nanjundeswaran, (Guntupalli) Chaya D., Jessie VanSwearingen, and Katherine Verdolini Abbott. "Metabolic Mechanisms of Vocal Fatigue." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1761.

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Objective This study aimed to identify potential metabolic mechanisms including (1) neuromuscular inefficiency, (2) cardiovascular recovery deficits, or (3) both, in individuals with complaints of vocal fatigue.

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Alfredsson, Bo. "A study on contact fatigue mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3028.

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3

Charles, C. M. "Low cycle fatigue mechanisms in CMSX-4." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597493.

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This thesis investigates the low-cycle fatigue behaviour of CMS-4. The focus is on R=0 load controlled fatigue, with an emphasis on deformation at 750°C. A particular aim of this research is to identify how fatigue proceeds at stress concentrators. Here, high stresses in plain bars have been compared with similar maximum stresses around the known stress concentration of a Kt-2 notch. Fatigue tests were conducted on both plain and notched specimens, across a range of stresses and temperatures, and the deformation has been imaged using TEM. The plain bars show a range of deformation mechanisms,

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4

Mottram, Carol J. "Neural mechanisms contributing to muscle fatigue in humans." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3178349.

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5

Bowers, Jennifer M. "Malnutrition and fatigue in coccidioidomycosis: Measurement and mechanisms." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280135.

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Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection resulting from the inhalation of spores from the soil-borne organism, Coccidioides immitis . Historical and contemporary literature cite weight loss and fatigue in patients, but these clinical symptoms have not been quantified. The first goal of this study was to describe nutritional changes throughout the infection course utilizing longitudinal data from 117 patients from the Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System. Subjects were categorized into groups according to weight and visceral protein status. The level of nutritional deficit was associated with

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6

Carroll, H. "Fatigue damage mechanisms in advanced polymer matrix composites." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597310.

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Recently, advances have been made in the design, manufacture and application of composite materials. A great deal of this progress has been made in the field of Fibre-Reinforced-Plastics (FRP). FRP often have greater strength to weight and stiffness to weight ratios than traditional materials such as metals, which makes them ideal for use in many application especially in aeronautical and aerospace sectors. For example Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced-Plastics (CFRP) are becoming more common in civil and military aircraft structures. However, there remain many unanswered questions regarding the behavio

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Clark, Anita. "Fatigue mechanisms in FV520B, a turbine blade steel." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1999. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/3127/.

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An investigation has been undertaken to examine the effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties of FV520B, a precipitation hardenable martensitic stainless steel. This high performance grade of stainless steel was heat treated to three commercially available material specifications, namely the peak hardened, standard and softened overaged conditions. These three precipitation hardened conditions were found to exhibit a range of tensile properties. In order to determine the role of the microstructure, a full materials characterisation programme was performed. The investigative techniq

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8

Marrow, Thomas James. "Fatigue mechanisms in an embrittled duplex stainless steel." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386998.

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9

Yablinsky, Clarissa A. "Characterization of Fatigue Mechanisms in Ni-based Superalloys." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1285006918.

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10

Rhymer, Donald William. "Fatigue damage mechanisms of advanced hybrid titanium composite laminates." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18980.

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11

Kalezic, Ivana. "Experimental studies of spinal mechanisms associated with muscle fatigue." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Idrottsmedicinska enheten, Kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Umeå universitet, Belastningsskadecentrum, Högskolan i Gävle, Umeå, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-332.

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12

Ni, Z. "Fatigue behaviour and damage mechanisms of PEEK/AS4 composites." Thesis, Swansea University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638328.

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A comprehensive study of fatigue behaviour and damage mechanisms of PEEK/AS4 composites has been carried out. The microstructure of PEEK/AS4 composites was studied by the means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and image analysis, combined with the techniques of polishing, chemical etching and digestion. Besides the basic characterisation of fibre volume fraction and diameter, a variation of fibre distribution, matrix morphology, fibre/matrix interface and laminate quality was identified. Fatigue life behaviour of PEEK/AS4 composites was established using waisted, coupon and

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13

Brooks, Rebecca Ruth. "Fatigue damage mechanisms in the nickel-based superalloy UDIMET720." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387637.

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14

Lados, Diana Aida. "Fatigue crack growth mechanisms in Al-Si-Mg alloys." Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0204104-125758.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.<br>Keywords: Microstructure; Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics; Crack closure; A356; J-integral; Conventionally cast and SSM Al-Si-Mg alloys; Residual stress; Heat treatment; Fatigue crack growth mechanisms; Threshold stress intensity factor; Plastic zone; Paris law; Fracture toughness; Roughness. Includes bibliographical references.

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15

Bridge, Matthew Wakefield. "Mechanisms of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/471/.

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Increase in body temperature is a major factor limiting endurance performance in the heat and it is shown in this thesis that the effects of raised body temperature on performance, perception and neuroendocrine response to exercise are mediated by an interaction of body temperatures. Prolactin has been used as an indicator of hypothalamic activity and the pathways regulating its release have been investigated using pindolol as a 5-HT\(_ \) antagonist. The prolactin response to a buspirone challenge has been shown to be approximately 50% serotonergic and 50% dopaminergic, but with a wide inter-

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16

Lou, Xiaojie. "Mechanisms of breakdown and fatigue in ferroelectric thin films." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613026.

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17

Parnas, Levend. "Failure mechanisms and prediction in advanced composite materials." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20119.

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18

Dahlstedt, Anders. "Intracellular mechanisms of skeletal muscle fatigue : role of creatine kinase /." Stockholm : [A. Dahlstedt], 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-631-1673-1/.

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19

Punnett, Frances Camille Anna-Maria RonÃ¦le. "The fatigue damage mechanisms of gamma titanium aluminide Ti-4722." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246948.

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20

Austin, Julian Andrew. "The role of corrosion fatigue crack growth mechanisms in predicting the fatigue life of offshore tubular joints." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.563098.

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21

Chapman, Tamara. "The effect of environment on fatigue mechanisms in aerospace titanium alloys." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28997.

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Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry, owing largely to their high specific fatigue strength at temperatures approaching 550C. A highly adherent and repassivating oxide layer makes titanium alloys highly corrosion resistant in many environments; their presumed immunity to corrosion-enhanced fatigue in typical aerospace environments was another initial attraction. The inaccuracy of this assumption was first revealed in the 1960s. Later, numerous studies found titanium to be vulnerable to stress corrosion cracking, particularly in the presence of molten salts. This thesis con

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22

Kang, JeeHyun. "Mechanisms of microstructural damage during rolling contact fatigue of bearing steels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245255.

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Bearings are employed in a number of applications under extremely demanding conditions. During long operation times, the material undergoes rolling contact fatigue where microstructural damage manifests as dark-etching regions and white-etching areas, which display different properties from the surrounding region. The aim of this study is to identify the mechanisms for such damage and to suggest models that can explain the influence of the initial microstructure and test conditions. In order to appraise the stress state in rolling contacts, two testing techniques were employed and it was exami

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23

Gibson, H. "Peripheral excitatory and contractile mechanisms underlying fatigue resistance of human skeletal muscle." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384344.

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Experiments have been designed to investigate the physiological factors influencing the interrelationship between excitation and force generation that may counteractt he processesle ading to a decline in force (fatigue) during stimulatedi sometric contractions of the human adductor pollicis in vivo. Indices of isometric force, relaxation and contraction rates and evoked compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) were measured during defined patterns of stimulated activity (via the motor nerve). A computerized stimulator controller for precise generation of trains of electrical impulses was devel

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24

Maguire, Dawn Laurel. "Failure mechanisms in VLSI bonds subjected to mechanical and environmental stresses." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30523.

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25

O'Dea, Namrita Kumar. "Fatigue mechanisms in sedentary and endurance trained adults: effects of nutritional countermeasures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53584.

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Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for chronic disease; yet the majority of the population does not meet physical activity recommendations, with fatigue being a primary underlying reason. Common nutritional supplements such as caffeine (CAF) and carbohydrate (CHO) are frequently taken prior to and during exercise and can delay fatigue, particularly in trained athletes; but, whether these same reductions in fatigue translate to habitually sedentary individuals is less clear. The main goal of this research was to investigate the influence of nutritional aids: CAF, low-calorie CHO, and th

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26

Smith, Benjamin James. "Low-temperature and dynamic fatigue toughening mechanisms in asphalt mastics and mixtures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ55931.pdf.

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27

Watson, Phillip. "Possible neurobiological mechanisms of fatigue during prolonged exercise in a warm environment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10910.

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Capacity to perform prolonged exercise is reduced in high ambient temperatures, but this premature fatigue is not adequately explained by peripheral mechanisms. The aim of this thesis was to examine some possible underlying mechanisms of central fatigue operating during prolonged exercise in a warm environment. The first series of experiments investigated the effect of nutritional manipulation of central serotonergic activity through alterations to the plasma concentration ratio of free-tryptophan to branched-chain amino acids (f-TRP:BCAA). In contrast to previous reports, acute BCAA supplemen

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28

Gieseke, Brian G. "Mechanics and mechanisms of creep-fatigue crack growth in Cu-1 wt% Sb." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19982.

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29

Kazymyrovych, Vitaliy. "Very high cycle fatigue of high performance steels." Licentiate thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3066.

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<p>Many engineering components reach a finite fatigue life well above 10<sup>9 </sup>load cycles. Some examples of such components are found in airplanes, automobiles or high speed trains. For some materials the fatigue failures have lately been found to occur well after 10<sup>7</sup> load cycles, namely in the Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF) range. This finding contradicted the established concept of fatigue limit for these materials, which postulates that having sustained 10<sup>7</sup> load cycles the material is capable of enduring an infinite number of cycles provided that the service con

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30

Evangelou, Angelos. "Oxidation-fatigue mechanisms at moderate service temperatures in single crystal turbine blade materials." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/420749/.

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The shortage of fossil fuels and the emergence of renewable energy technologies have increased the demand for a more variable and efficient power output from conventional gas turbine units. Single crystal Ni-based superalloys have long been the materials of choice for high temperature, gas turbine blade, applications due to their excellent fatigue, creep and oxidation resistance. However, the increased number of start-ups and shut downs, produce complex, unpredictable, cyclic loadings even at moderate temperatures, where the fatigue - oxidation behaviour of such materials is less well understo

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31

Tympel, Peter. "Mechanics and micro-mechanisms of LCF and dwell fatigue in Ti-6Al-4V." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/39332.

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All manufacturers of gas turbines, and indeed, of engineering systems, suffer from both managed and unexpected cracking issues, where components are retired from service. This PhD project was sponsored by a group in Rolls-Royce plc concerned with fractog- raphy and failure investigation, with the purpose of asking whether dwell, high cycle and low cycle fatigue, stress ratio or block loading can be distinguished from fracture sur- faces. Therefore, the central theme of this thesis is the examination of fracture surfaces of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy and relating them to the fatigue loading regimes. The

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32

Lou, Fang. "A study of the contractile properties of vertebrate skeletal muscle with special reference to the force-velocity relationship and the cellular mechanisms of muscle fatigue /." Lund : Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Lund, 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=zO9qAAAAMAAJ.

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33

Bozzay, Melanie Lauren. "Linking Insomnia and Suicide Ideation: The Role of Socio-Cognitive Mechanisms in Suicide Risk." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5916.

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Despite what is known about predictors of suicide risk and consequences of insomnia, research has yet to delineate mechanisms that may explain the known relationship between insomnia symptoms and suicide risk. There is some disagreement in the literature regarding whether this relationship could be primarily explained by recent depressive symptoms, or whether there may be other explanatory factors related to sleep deficits. The present study addressed this contention in the literature by examining 1) whether socio-cognitive variables (e.g. fatigue, appraised social problem-solving ability, and

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34

Heczko, Milan. "High Temperature Deformation Mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391818.

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Dvě pokročilé vysoce legované austenitické oceli s Fe-Ni-Cr matricí byly studovány za podmínek nízkocyklové únavy jak za pokojové tak vysoké teploty. Široká škála experimentálních a charakterizačních nástrojů byla použita ke studiu vzájemně souvisejících aspektů zahrnujících chemické složení slitin, mikrostrukturu, deformační mechanismy a celkovou odezvu materiálů na externě působící zatížení. Klíčové mechanismy a faktory definující mechanické vlastnosti a výkonnost v reálném provozu byly analyzovány a diskutovány v souvislosti s materiálovým designem. • Standardní únavové experimenty byly pro

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35

Nikitin, Alexander. "Gigacycle Fatigue of the titanium alloy." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100015/document.

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Ce projet de doctorat est aux prises avec un problème de ruptures en fatigue de un alliage de titane aéronautique en raison de haute fréquence chargement. Matériel pour cette enquête a été prise de compresseur du moteur disque de l'avion réel. Essais de fatigue à ultrasons ont été réalisées jusqu'à dépasser la limite de 1010 cycles. Cette région de la durée de vie est connu comme Gigacycle ou fatigue très grand nombre de cycles. Ce projet de thèse montre pour la première fois les résultats des tests de fatigue sur l'lliage de titane aéronautique VT3-1 dans la région Gigacycle. Les propriétés d

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36

Torabiandehkordi, Noushin. "High and very high cycle fatigue behavior of DP600 dual-phase steel : correlation between temperature, strain rate, and deformation mechanisms." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0020/document.

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Ce travail vise à améliorer notre compréhension du comportement en fatigue à grand et très grand nombre de cycles d’un acier ferrito-martensitique dual phase, notamment les effets de la température et de la vitesse de déformation résultant de chargements cycliques à haute fréquence. L'effet de la fréquence sur la réponse en fatigue de l'acier DP600 a été étudié en effectuant des essais de fatigue sur une machine ultrasonique travaillant à 20 kHz et sur une machine conventionnelle travaillant à des fréquences inférieures à 100 Hz. Des études de fractographie et des observations microscopiques à

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37

Everett, Kay Dee Furman. "Mechanisms and Implications of Fracture in Cardiovascular Stents." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11458.

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Cardiovascular stents are one of the most widely implanted medical devices, with over 1 million implanted each year in the United States alone. While stent failure modes of restenosis and thrombosis have been widely examined, there is an increasing appreciation of the propensity for stents to fracture and break after implantation. It remains unclear however what causes these fractures, which patients and devices are most susceptible, and whether fracture results in failure of device function.<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences

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38

Williams, Petra S. "Neural Mechanisms of Task Failure During Sustained Submaximal Contractions." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1367330801.

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39

Suputtamongkol, Kallaya. "Contact fatigue mechanisms as a function of crystal aspect ratio in baria-silicate glass-ceramics." [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000800.

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40

Schayes, Claire. "Low cycle fatigue of the Fe-3Si steel : damage mechanisms and strain localisation by EBSD." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10002/document.

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L’objectif de ce travail de thèse était d’étudier le comportement en fatigue oligocyclique de l’acier Fe-3Si utilisé pour les rotors des nouveaux alterno-démarreurs développés par Valeo. L’étude pris en compte la relation entre la réponse mécanique et la microstructure, les mécanismes de fatigue, l’évaluation de la déformation à une échelle mésoscopique et une optimisation du dimensionnement du rotor. Les essais de fatigue, menés sur des éprouvettes d’épaisseur 350μm, ont montré un durcissement cyclique du matériau et le mode de propagation de la fissure, fragile, souligne sa faible ténacité.

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Cullers, Cheryl Lynne. "Deformation mechanisms of NiA1 cyclicly deformed near the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20050.

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42

Tau, Sethunya Harriet Hlobisa. "An analysis of regulatory mechanisms during sustained task execution in cognitive, motor and sensory tasks." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006806.

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Fatigue is a state that, although researched for many years, is still not completely understood. Alongside this lack of a general understanding of fatigue is a lack of knowledge on the processes involved in the regulation of fatigue. The existing theories relating to regulation are focussed on mental effort regulation, suggesting that performance outcomes are co-ordinated by effort regulation that functions by making alterations to physiological processes and strategic adjustments at a cognitive level in response to cognitive demands and goals. Since fatigue is a multi-dimensional construct wi

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Cadario, Alessandro. "Life prediction and mechanisms for the initiation and growth of short cracks under fretting fatigue loading." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Hållfasthetslära (Inst.), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4185.

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Fretting fatigue is a damage process that may arise in engineering applications where small cyclic relative displacements develop inside contacts leading to detrimental effects on the material fatigue properties. Fretting is located in regions not easily accessible, which makes it a dangerous phenomenon. It is therefore important to be able to make reliable predictions of the fretting fatigue lives. The work presented in this thesis has its focus on different aspects related to fretting fatigue in the titanium alloy Ti-17. A fretting experiment was developed which allowed for separate control

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Lewandowski, Michal. "Mechanisms of high pressure hydrogen environment embrittlement in austenitic stainless steels under tensile and fatigue loading." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/403496/.

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Hydrogen is known to degrade the mechanical performance of many engineering materials. The effects of its entry into metal matrices from manufacturing processes and service environments has been reported previously to result in loss of ductility and fracture toughness as well as increased fatigue crack propagation rates. One of these damage mechanisms, hydrogen environment embrittlement, was explored in stainless steels in order to provide better understanding of the role of the composition and microstructure in susceptibility to the effects of high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere on tensile and

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45

Hachard, Betty. "Influence de la fatigue sur le contrôle postural : spécificités des effets d’une fatigue musculaire volontaire ou électro-induite et impact d’une fatigue mentale occasionnée par une tâche cognitive prolongée." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3055/document.

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L’objectif général de ce travail doctoral était d’étudier les effets de la fatigue (physique et mentale) sur le contrôle postural. Tout d’abord, les effets de la fatigue musculaire du quadriceps fémoral induite par des contractions volontaires et des contractions électro-induites ont été comparés. Les résultats ont montré que des contractions volontaires altéraient davantage le contrôle postural que des contractions électro-induites pour une perte de force musculaire équivalente. Ceci s’expliquerait par la présence d’une fatigue centrale après les contractions volontaires, ainsi qu’une sollici

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46

Burr, Scott T. "Characterization of damage mechanisms and behavior in two-dimensionally braided composites subjected to static and fatigue loading." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10032007-171922/.

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47

Horstemeyer, Mark. "The Determination of Failure Mechanisms in the Fatigue of Unidirectional Composites by the Use of Acoustic Emissions." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1380544561.

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48

Norrgren, Axel, and Niklas Svenningsson. "Design of an adjustable centre console system for an 8m highspeedcraft with fatigue analysis of critical mechanisms." Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214994.

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Today, ergonomic adjusting capabilities are lacking on centre consoles of small high-speed crafts with respect to the crew height. The centre consoles are normally constructed to fit the mean height of the operators to cover as many end users as possible. Issues might therefore arise for the operators who deviate from the mean height. This master thesis report covers the design, implementation and evaluation of a set of mechanisms which are to enable the operator work space of an 8-meter high speed craft to be longitudinally movable as well as ergonomically adjustable for operators with a leng

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49

Coudouel, Guillaume. "Toward a numerical predictive method based on fatigue analysis for droplet impingement erosion." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI101/document.

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Le but du travail présenté est la compréhension puis la simulation numérique des mécanismes d'érosion des augets de turbine Pelton par impacts répétés de gouttes d'eau dans le but de prédire la durée de vie des composants. Tout d'abord, les phénomènes de propagation d'ondes dans les milieux fluide et solide sont étudiés. Cela permet de mettre en lumière l'évolution temporelle et la distribution spatiale des pressions de contact, et l'apparition de microjets par éjection supersonique du fluide au contact. Les études expérimentales de l'érosion par gouttes d'eau traduisent un dommage basé sur la

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Chang, Paul, and mrpc@tpg com au. "The Mechanical Properties and Failure Mechanisms of Z-Pinned Composites." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070111.145714.

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Z-pinning is a through-thickness reinforcement technology for polymer composite materials that has been developed and commercialised over the past fifteen years. The through-thickness reinforcement of composites with thin metallic or fibrous pins aids in suppressing delamination, improving impact damage tolerance and increasing joint strength. Z-pins are applied to the composite part during its manufacture. Pins are embedded within sheets of foam and placed over the unconsolidated part. Subsequently, the foam is compacted and the pins transferred into the part, which is usually an uncured pr

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