Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fault block

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fault block'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fault block"

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Amor, Mondher, Taoufik Ladhari, Salim Hadj Said, and Faouzi M’Sahli. "Fault-Tolerant Control for Three-Tank System in Case of Sensor Faults." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (January 18, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8856571.

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This research paper would be devoted to the application of a fault-tolerant control (FTC) for a benchmark system composed of three interconnected tanks in case of sensor faults. The control scheme includes two blocks: fault detection and isolation (FDI) block and a control law reconfiguration block. The strategy of the FDI method is based on a bank of high gain observers; each of them is constructed to estimate the system state vector. Thus, the diagnostic signal-residuals are generated by the comparison of measured and estimated outputs and the faulty sensor is isolated. The reconfiguration block performs an update of the controller parameters according to the operating mode. The application of this method to a pilot plant demonstrates that the hydrographic system maintains quite performances after sensor faults occurrence.
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Rahaman, Munshi Mostafijur, Prasun Ghosal, and Tuhin Subhra Das. "Latency, Throughput and Power Aware Adaptive NoC Routing on Orthogonal Convex Faulty Region." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 04 (March 31, 2019): 1950055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500555.

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Reliability of a Network-on-Chip (NoC) relies vastly upon the efficiency of handling faults. Faults those lead to trouble during on-chip communication process are basically of two types namely soft and hard. Here, hard faults are considered. Hard faults may be caused due to failure of links, routers, or other processing units. These are mainly dealt with fault-tolerant routing algorithms or by employing redundant hardware. Multiple faulty nodes are being avoided by acquiring region-based approaches. Most of the fault-tolerant routing techniques are designed on homogeneous faulty regions where some active nodes also act as deactivated nodes to build the region homogeneous. On the other hand, adaptive routing on nonhomogeneous faulty regions increases load on its boundary and most of them does not assure deadlock freeness. This paper proposes a deadlock-free adaptive fault-tolerant NoC routing named F-Route-NoC-Mesh (FRNM) ignoring any virtual channel on orthogonal convex faulty regions. Contributions of this work focus on balancing network traffic by assuming a virtual faulty block boundary and routing packets through this virtual boundary. Destination does not exist within that virtual faulty block regions to reduce load on the boundary of orthogonal faulty regions. Thus, this work is aimed at acquiring proper incorporation of procedures being able to reach fault-tolerant degree, routing efficiency and performance enhancement. Using the proposed algorithm (FRNM), a fault block model-based approach is developed. Significant improvements of average latency (43.37% to 60.44%), average throughput (4.18% to 90.81%) and power consumption (5.93% to 33.28%) are achieved over the state-of-the-art by using a cycle accurate simulator.
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Wang, Guo Hua, and Jing Lin Sun. "BIST-Based Method for Diagnosing Multiple Faulty CLBs in FPGAs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 643 (September 2014): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.643.243.

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This paper presents a new built-in self-test (BIST) method to realize the fault detection and the fault diagnosis of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) in FPGAs. The proposed BIST adopts a circular comparison structure to overcome the phenomenon of fault masking in diagnosing multiple faulty CLBs and improve the diagnostic resolution. To test the memory block in every CLB, different TPG structures are proposed to obtain maximum stuck-at fault coverage. For the LUT mode of the memory block, the TPG based on the LFSR is designed to provide Pseudo-exhaustive testing patterns, and for the distributed RAM mode of the memory block, the TPG based on FSM is designed to provide March C-testing patterns. Besides, the comparator-based output response analyzer (ORA) and the cascaded ORA scan chain are used to locate the faulty CLB and propagate the comparison output in every row. Finally, fault-injection experiment results verify its ability to detect and diagnose multiple faulty CLBs in faulty FPGAs.
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Tsai, Ming-Jer. "Fault-Tolerant Routing in Wormhole Meshes." Journal of Interconnection Networks 04, no. 04 (December 2003): 463–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265903000970.

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In wormhole meshes, many a routing algorithm prevents a deadlock by enclosing unlimited number of faulty nodes with faulty blocks and dividing a physical interconnection network into a fixed number of virtual ones; none of them, however, is able to tolerate two faulty blocks with a distance of two, no less, in at least one dimension by use of only two virtual interconnection networks. To fill this gap, an adaptive and fault-tolerant routing algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is fully-adaptive until encountering a faulty block. It then detours the blocked message around the faulty block. Arranging the detours around faulty blocks attempts to prevent a deadlock. The proposed method has no need for global information.
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Wang, Ling, and Terrence Mak. "A Fault-Tolerant Routing Algorithm Using Tunnels in Fault Blocks for Network-on-Chip." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 02 (September 11, 2017): 1850022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618500226.

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In 2D mesh Network on Chips (NoCs), fault-tolerant algorithms usually deactivate healthy nodes to form rectangular or convex fault blocks. However, the deactivated nodes can possibly form an available tunnel in a faulty block. We propose a method to discover these tunnels, and propose a fault-tolerant routing algorithm to route messages through such paths such that the overall communication performance is improved. In addition, the algorithm is deadlock-free by prohibiting some turns. Simulation results demonstrate that the reuse of the sacrificed nodes in fault blocks can significantly reduce the average message latency.
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Soloviev, A. "Transformation of frequency-magnitude relation prior to large events in the model of block structure dynamics." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 15, no. 1 (February 27, 2008): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-15-209-2008.

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Abstract. The b-value change in the frequency-magnitude (FM) distribution for a synthetic earthquake catalogue obtained by means of the model of block structure dynamics has been studied. The catalogue is divided into time periods preceding strong earthquakes and time periods that do not precede strong earthquakes. The separate analysis of these periods shows that the b-value is smaller before strong earthquakes. The similar phenomenon has been found also for the observed seismicity of the Southern California. The model of block structure dynamics represents a seismic region as a system of perfectly rigid blocks divided by infinitely thin plane faults. The blocks interact between themselves and with the underlying medium. The system of blocks moves as a consequence of prescribed motion of the boundary blocks and of the underlying medium. As the blocks are perfectly rigid, all deformation takes place in the fault zones and at the block base in contact with the underlying medium. Relative block displacements take place along the fault zones. Block motion is defined so that the system is in a quasistatic equilibrium state. The interaction of blocks along the fault zones is viscous-elastic ("normal state") while the ratio of the stress to the pressure remains below a certain strength level. When the critical level is exceeded in some part of a fault zone, a stress-drop ("failure") occurs (in accordance with the dry friction model), possibly causing failure in other parts of the fault zones. These failures produce earthquakes. Immediately after the earthquake and for some time after, the affected parts of the fault zones are in a state of creep. This state differs from the normal state because of a faster growth of inelastic displacements, lasting until the stress falls below some other level. This numerical simulation gives rise a synthetic earthquake catalogue.
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Brown, Alistair R., G. Serpell Edwards, and Robert E. Howard. "Fault slicing—A new approach to the interpretation of fault detail." GEOPHYSICS 52, no. 10 (October 1987): 1319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442245.

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The manner in which a fault intersects a hydrocarbon reservoir affects production characteristics and thus must be understood in great detail. A 3-D seismic data volume can be sliced interactively to yield seismic sections parallel to a fault plane. These fault slices can then be used in several ways for the study of faults. Tracking of correlative horizons on fault slices provides a map of fault throw and permits study of the throw as a function of vertical traveltime and horizontal position. Because a fault slice remains within one major fault block, the study of growth relationships in that block is facilitated. Splinter faults, which are also significant in development and production, can be studied effectively on fault slices because of the uniform proximity of these sections to the parent fault. We conclude that there is some uniformity in azimuth between splinter faults and their parent.
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Patan, Krzysztof, and Józef Korbicz. "Nonlinear model predictive control of a boiler unit: A fault tolerant control study." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-012-0017-6.

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Nonlinear model predictive control of a boiler unit: A fault tolerant control studyThis paper deals with a nonlinear model predictive control designed for a boiler unit. The predictive controller is realized by means of a recurrent neural network which acts as a one-step ahead predictor. Then, based on the neural predictor, the control law is derived solving an optimization problem. Fault tolerant properties of the proposed control system are also investigated. A set of eight faulty scenarios is prepared to verify the quality of the fault tolerant control. Based of different faulty situations, a fault compensation problem is also investigated. As the automatic control system can hide faults from being observed, the control system is equipped with a fault detection block. The fault detection module designed using the one-step ahead predictor and constant thresholds informs the user about any abnormal behaviour of the system even in the cases when faults are quickly and reliably compensated by the predictive controller.
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Ravichand, S., T. Madhu, and M. Sailaja. "A Self-Repairing Digital System with High-Quality Scalability and Fault Coverage." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 8 (June 25, 2018): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i8.145.

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In any fault tolerant or BIST system the primary goal is to covenant with faults that arise in the indented system. The proposed system using genetic algorithm to optimize the performance and area of given circuit. This approach is supple for combinational circuit design. The use of four spare cells simplifies the operation of the active block in the current system; it needs more space to establish itself so it is considered as overhead. The proposed method of fault detection and correction for logical errors using genetic algorithm decreases the area overhead. Detection of Fault in the memory unit through BIST implementation increases the speed but replacing the existing faulty block with fault free block degrades the fault analyzing capabilities. Utmost care has on all the works implemented for the process of minimizing the error in different digital process. Therefore, with the new scope of proposing the method of reducing the error flow for the application of medical field, aeronautical, satellite broadcasting is described very efficiently in this paper. The simulation results of the fault tolerant and self-repairing method using genetic algorithm is presented.
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Yang, Yi, Meirun Chen, Hao Li, and Lian Li. "Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Routing in 2D Mesh with Cracky Rectangular Model." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/592638.

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This paper mainly focuses on routing in two-dimensional mesh networks. We propose a novel faulty block model, which is cracky rectangular block, for fault-tolerant adaptive routing. All the faulty nodes and faulty links are surrounded in this type of block, which is a convex structure, in order to avoid routing livelock. Additionally, the model constructs the interior spanning forest for each block in order to keep in touch with the nodes inside of each block. The procedure for block construction is dynamically and totally distributed. The construction algorithm is simple and ease of implementation. And this is a fully adaptive block which will dynamically adjust its scale in accordance with the situation of networks, either the fault emergence or the fault recovery, without shutdown of the system. Based on this model, we also develop a distributed fault-tolerant routing algorithm. Then we give the formal proof for this algorithm to guarantee that messages will always reach their destinations if and only if the destination nodes keep connecting with these mesh networks. So the new model and routing algorithm maximize the availability of the nodes in networks. This is a noticeable overall improvement of fault tolerability of the system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fault block"

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Meyer, Eric R. "Normal Fault Block or Giant Landslide? Baldy Block, Wasatch Range, Utah." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5550.

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Understanding the interplay between surficial and tectonic processes in the development of Utah's Wasatch Range is vital to evaluating geologic hazards along the Wasatch Front. Baldy is a large (6.125 km3) block of limestone and sandstone structurally overlying shale on the western flank of Mount Timpanogos. It has been mapped as a downdropped normal fault block of Permian units, but no other trace of such a fault exists along the range. The Baldy block structurally overlies the weak Manning Canyon shale, which has produced a regional geomorphology replete with faceted spurs, landslide scarps and deposits. Structural, bio- and litho-stratigrahic mapping of the block reveals breccia deposits, bed rotation and stratigraphic and structural relations to Mount Timpanogos consistent with a landslide interpretation. Structural reconstructions of the block and calculations of stream downcutting rates help constrain the timing and sequence of events of the block's emplacement. These results attest to the importance of surficial processes in the development of large-scale geologic structures, and demonstrate the ongoing danger of mass wasting to the communities of the Wasatch Front.
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Hernandez, Moreno Catalina <1981&gt. "Understanding block rotation of strike-slip fault zones: Paleomagnetic and structural approach." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6829/.

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This thesis is focused on the paleomagnetic rotation pattern inside the deforming zone of strike-slip faults, and the kinematics and geodynamics describing it. The paleomagnetic investigation carried out along both the LOFZ and the fore-arc sliver (38º-42ºS, southern Chile) revealed an asymmetric rotation pattern. East of the LOFZ and adjacent to it, rotations are up to 170° clockwise (CW) and fade out ~10 km east of fault. West of the LOFZ at 42ºS (Chiloé Island) and around 39°S (Villarrica domain) systematic CCW rotations have been observed, while at 40°-41°S (Ranco-Osorno domain) and adjacent to the LOFZ CW rotations reach up to 136° before evolving to CCW rotations at ~30 km from the fault. These data suggest a directed relation with subduction interface plate coupling. Zones of high coupling yield to a wide deforming zone (~30 km) west of the LOFZ characterized by CW rotations. Low coupling implies a weak LOFZ and a fore-arc dominated by CCW rotations related to NW-sinistral fault kinematics. The rotation pattern is consistent with a quasi-continuous crust kinematics. However, it seems unlikely that the lower crust flux can control block rotation in the upper crust, considering the cold and thick fore-arc crust. I suggest that rotations are consequence of forces applied directly on both the block edges and along the main fault, within the upper crust. Farther south, at the Austral Andes (54°S) I measured the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of 22 Upper Cretaceous to Upper Eocene sites from the Magallanes fold-thrust belt internal domains. The data document continuous compression from the Early Cretaceous until the Late Oligocene. AMS data also show that the tectonic inversion of Jurassic extensional faults during the Late Cretaceous compressive phase may have controlled the Cenozoic kinematic evolution of the Magallanes fold-thrust belt, yielding slip partitioning.
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Lai, Chunren. "High-speed cellular-automata based block cipher and fault tolerant public-key cryptosystems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ54718.pdf.

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Park, J. F. W. "Fault systems in the inner Godthabsfjord region of the Archaean Block, southern west Greenland." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377322.

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Spinler, Joshua C. "Investigating Crustal Deformation Associated With The North America-Pacific Plate Boundary In Southern California With GPS Geodesy." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332879.

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The three largest earthquakes in the last 25 years in southern California occurred on faults located adjacent to the southern San Andreas fault, with the M7.3 1992 Landers and M7.1 1999 Hector Mine earthquakes occurring in the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ) in the Mojave Desert, and the M7.2 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake occurring along the Laguna Salada fault in northern Baja California, Mexico. The locations of these events near to but not along the southern San Andreas fault (SSAF) is unusual in that the last major event on the SSAF occurred more than 300 years ago, with an estimated recurrence interval of 215± 25 years. The focus of this dissertation is to address the present-day deformation field along the North America-Pacific plate boundary in southern California and northern Baja California, through the analysis of GPS data, and elastic block and viscoelastic earthquake models to determine fault slip rates and rheological properties of the lithosphere in the plate boundary zone. We accomplish this in three separate studies. The first study looks at how strain is partitioned northwards along-strike from the southern San Andreas fault near the Salton Sea. We find that estimates for slip-rates on the southern San Andreas decrease from ~23 mm/yr in the south to ~8 mm/yr as the fault passes through San Gorgonio Pass to the northwest, while ~13-18 mm/yr of slip is partitioned onto NW-SE trending faults of the ECSZ where the Landers and Hector Mine earthquakes occurred. This speaks directly to San Andreas earthquake hazards, as a reduction in the slip rate would require greater time between events to build up enough slip deficit in order to generate a large magnitude earthquake. The second study focuses on inferring the rheological structure beneath the Salton Trough region. This is accomplished through analysis of postseismic deformation observed using a set of the GPS data collected before and after the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. By determining the slip-rates on each of the major crustal faults prior to the earthquake, we are able to model the pre-earthquake velocity field for comparison with velocities measured using sites constructed post-earthquake. We then determine how individual site velocities have changed in the 3 years following the earthquake, with implications for the rate at which the lower crust and upper mantle viscously relax through time. We find that the viscosity of the lower crust is at least an order of magnitude higher than that of the uppermost mantle, and hypothesize that this is due to mafic material emplaced at the base of the crust as the spreading center developed beneath the Salton Trough since about 6 Ma. The final study investigates crustal deformation and fault slip rates for faults in the northern Mojave and southern Walker Lane regions of the ECSZ. Previous geodetic studies estimated slip-rates roughly double those inferred via geological dating methods in this region for NW striking strike-slip faults, but significantly smaller than geologic estimates for the Garlock fault. Through construction of a detailed elastic block model, which selects only active fault structures, and applying a new, dense GPS velocity field in this region, we are able to estimate slip-rates for the strike-slip faults in the ECSZ that are much closer to those reported from geology.
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Bergström, Joakim, and Hampus Nilsson-Sundén. "Cost effective optimization of system safety and reliability." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119950.

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A method able to analyze and optimize subsystems could be useful to reduce project cost, increase subsystem reliability, improve overall aircraft safety and reduce subsystem weight. The earlier the optimization of development of an aircraft in the design phase can be performed, the better the yield of the optimization becomes. This master thesis was formed in order to construct an automatic analysis method, implementing a Matlab script, evaluating devices forming aircraft subsystems using a Genetic Algorithm. In addition to aircraft subsystems, the method constructed in the work is compatible with systems of various industries with minor modifications of the script.
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Pehi, Te Ngere Russell. "Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Investigation of Highwall Stability of the Proposed Cypress Opencast Mine Mt William Fault Zone, Cypress North Block Upper Waimangaroa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3910.

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The objective of this thesis was to develop a comprehensive understanding of the geotechnical nature of the proposed Cypress North Block Opencast Coalmine highwall in the Mt William Range east of present mine operations at Stockton Opencast. An investigation was undertaken to gather information on the rock material and rock mass properties of the Basement, Brunner Coal Measures, and Kaiata Mudstone stratigraphic units that would make up the composition of the proposed highwall. The specific aims of the thesis were to identify the distribution of rock types and the locations and orientations of mappable defects such as faults, joints, shears, and crush zones. The stratigraphic units are subdivided into their respective geotechnical units based on physical, and mechanical intact rock material parameters. The basement lithologies comprised of interfingered layers of Greenland Group metasediments and intrusive Berlins Porphyry granite/granodiorite. These were divided into 3 geotechnical units where analyses of the rock parameters were determined. These units (Berlins Porphyry, Greenland Group hornfels, & mixed basement) returned mean values of low porosity (n= 0.8-2.3%), and slake durability index results (Id2 =99.0-99.6% retained), and high friction angles (40.6-44.5º), dry densities (2657-2666Kg/m³), and moderate UCS (78.8 -136.6MPa), tensile splitting strength (5.1 - 6.2 MPa), and cohesion values (6.38MPa). The Brunner Coal Measures are an alternating sedimentary sequence of massive sandstones, laminated sandstones, siltstones, mudstones, and coal that were divided into 5 geotechnical units. Due to a lack of samples recovered from the two drillholes (DH 1694 and DH 1717) that penetrated this layer limited results were returned. Testing was constrained to the coarse-medium grained lithology which showed high porosities (n=7.9%), and slake-durability index results (Id2=94.0% retained), and moderate friction angles (33.2º), and dry densities (2411Kg/m³), and low strength characteristics with UCS intact rock strength (15.3MPa), tensile splitting strength (1.32MPa), and cohesion (2.1MPa). The Kaiata Mudstone is a marine sedimentary layer comprised of a massive silty mudstone which a gradational contact with the BCM, this unit was therefore divided into 2 geotechnical units. Due to the same constraints outlined above for the BCM testing was constrained to the massive silty mudstone lithology which showed the highest porosities (n=9.9%), and greatest variability in slake-durability index results (Id2=34.2-94.5% retained), and the lowest friction angles (18.6º), dry densities (2.377t/m³), and UCS intact rock strength (9.9MPa), as well as low tensile splitting strength (1.47MPa), and cohesion (3.0 MPa). Scanline survey traverses were conducted along exposed areas of the Mt William Range adjacent to the Cypress North Block basin in an attempt to correlate the downhole data within the basement unit, as well as interpret discontinuity properties along the proposed highwall development. This was achieved by recording the rock mass properties and developing a kinematic analysis within the basement lithographies. The rock mass properties determined were; defect type, dip and dip direction, persistence, aperture, nature of infilling, defect roughness, and spacing. Joints are typically steeply dipping with mean joint set orientations in the northern region of the ridge JS1 76°/041°, JS2 89°/261°, JS3 79°/118° (dominant set), JS4 47°/106°(where present), and JS5 85°/174°. Joint set in the southern section of the surveyed area had mean orientations of JS1 78°/025°, JS2 70°/245°, JS3 84°/285°, JS4 43°/106°, and JS5 79°/161°. Structural domains were developed within the ridge crest using interpretation of the scanline survey and kinematic analysis to constrain the boundaries (along with physical and mechanical properties),- with respect to both highwall orientation and the Mt William Fault. The fault is the major through going structure that is surmised to be the controlling factor for defect formation propagation through the basement lithologies (and Tertiary sediments). These were further classified on the potential mode of failure after kinematic stability analysis was performed on the joints sets. Potential toppling failure on joints was found to be the dominant failure mode within the projected highwall orientation.
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Rasoolzadeh, Shahram [Verfasser], Nils-Gregor [Gutachter] Leander, and Amir [Gutachter] Moradi. "Hardware-oriented SPN block ciphers : fault injection countermeasures and low-latency designs / Shahram Rasoolzadeh ; Gutachter: Nils-Gregor Leander, Amir Moradi ; Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123348415X/34.

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Rahiman, Tariq Iqbal Hamid. "Neotectonics, Seismic and Tsunami Hazards, Viti Levu, Fiji." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1110.

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Viti Levu, the main island of Fiji, is located in a seismically active area within the Fiji Platform - a remnant island arc that lies in a diffuse plate boundary zone between the Pacific and Australian tectonic plates in the southwest Pacific. The southeast coast of Viti Levu is a highly developed and populated part of Fiji and is vulnerable to the effects of large earthquakes that are expected to occur both onshore and offshore. The structural framework and the origin of seismicity within the Fiji Platform, as well as the seismic and tsunami hazards of central and southeast Viti Levu are investigated. The upper crust of southeast Viti Levu is dissected by several intersecting fault/lineament zones. These are mapped from remote sensing imagery of the surface (topography, radar, and aerial photos) and of the basement (magnetic), and have been subject to rigorous statistical tests of reproducibility and verification with field mapped fault data. Lineaments on the various imagery correlate with faults mapped in the field and show spatial continuity between and beyond mapped faults, thereby providing a fuller coverage of regional structural patterns than previously known. Some fault/lineament zones extend beyond the coastline to the offshore area of southeast Viti Levu. Here high resolution SeaBAT 8160 multibeam bathymetry data and seismic reflection data show that the fault zones occur along, and exert control on the locations of a number of linear submarine canyons. The morpho-structural expression of these canyons are contiguous with fault controlled physiographic features mapped on the nearshore marginal shelf (rectilinear bays and peninsulas, reef passages) and on land (fault valleys, slope and drainage alignments forming lineaments). The canyons are considered to have developed from several cycles of downslope incising and infilling events, whilst their positions were still primarily controlled by zones of weakness created by the fault zones. The principal fault sets in southeast Viti Levu represent generations of regional tectonic faulting that pervaded the Fiji Platform during and after disruption of the proto Fijian arc in the Middle to Late Miocene. These fault sets combine to form a complex network of interlocking faults creating a fault mesh that divides the upper crust into a number of fault blocks ranging from ~2 to 30 km. It is inferred that the fault mesh evolved throughout the Neogene as a response to the anticlockwise rotation of the Fiji Platform through progressive development of different fault sets and intervening crustal block rotations. Regional tectonic deformation is presently accommodated in a distributed manner through the entire fault mesh. Low magnitude earthquakes (M4) may result from complex rupture propagation through several linking fault segments of the mesh that lie close to optimum stress orientations. This interpreted model of distributed deformation through the fault mesh for southeast Viti Levu is inferred to be characteristic of the style of active deformation that occurs throughout the entire Fiji Platform. Seismic activity is primarily responsible for triggering submarine landslides that occur on the southeastern slope of Viti Levu. These slides typically occur on the outer barrier reef edge, as well as in submarine canyon heads and walls, and in the mid slope areas. They are characteristically translational and lack bathymetric evidence for displaced masses. Morphometric analysis and empirical modelling, show that slides triggered at shallow water depths, within 5 km of the coastline, at the outer barrier reef edge and submarine canyon heads, produce the largest near-field tsunami amplitudes. Such slides are interpreted to represent a significant local tsunami hazard. A detailed case study of the destructive 1953 Suva tsunami that followed the Ms 6.75 Suva earthquake, reveals that the source of this tsunami was a 60 million cubic metre submarine landslide at the head of the Suva Canyon, 4 km to the WSW of Suva City. A test simulation of this tsunami using the Geowave tsunami generation, propagation and inundation model, closely replicates the wave heights and arrival times recorded in 1953. This simulation also reveals that high variability in tsunami impact over short coastal distances of southeast Viti Levu is attributable to the complex interplay of wave propagation with the barrier reef system, erratic lagoon bathymetry and the irregularly shaped coastline. A predictive simulation using Geowave, based on an incipient failure in the 1953 source area and on a potentially worse case scenario event at or near high-tide, is used to show a maximum vertical run up of at least 4 m and a maximum horizontal inundation level of at least 400 m at the Suva coast. The seismic hazard of five sites on Viti Levu, including Suva City, Navua and Nausori Towns, and the Monsavu and Nadarivatu dam sites, is evaluated using a deterministic approach, and seven newly identified crustal fault earthquake source structures. The maximum magnitudes interpreted for these structures, estimated using empirical relationships, range from Mw 6.8 to 7.6. The Suva Canyon Fault, the Naqara Fault, the Mavuvu/Fault Lineament Zone and the Nasivi Fault provide the controlling maximum credible earthquakes (CMCE) at all the five sites. The CMCE peak ground acceleration values for Suva City range from 0.4g to 0.6g, for Nausori Town from 0.18g to 0.2g, for Navua Town from 0.27g to 0.32g, for Monasavu from 0.39g to 0.42g, and for Nadarivatu from 0.23g to 0.33g. The horizontal spectral accelerations at a period equal to 0.2 seconds, calculated using the CMCEs, are comparable to accelerations derived by probabilistic methods that have return periods between 50 and over 1000 years.
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Guo, Xu. "Secure and Efficient Implementations of Cryptographic Primitives." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27702.

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Nowadays pervasive computing opens up many new challenges. Personal and sensitive data and computations are distributed over a wide range of computing devices. This presents great challenges in cryptographic system designs: how to protect privacy, authentication, and integrity in this distributed and connected computing world, and how to satisfy the requirements of different platforms, ranging from resource constrained embedded devices to high-end servers. Moreover, once mathematically strong cryptographic algorithms are implemented in either software or hardware, they are known to be vulnerable to various implementation attacks. Although many countermeasures have been proposed, selecting and integrating a set of countermeasures thwarting multiple attacks into a single design is far from trivial. Security, performance and cost need to be considered together. The research presented in this dissertation deals with the secure and efficient implementation of cryptographic primitives. We focus on how to integrate cryptographic coprocessors in an efficient and secure way. The outcome of this research leads to four contributions to hardware security research. First, we propose a programmable and parallel Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) coprocessor architecture. We use a systematic way of analyzing the impact of System-on-Chip (SoC) integration to the cryptographic coprocessor performance and optimize the hardware/software codesign of cryptographic coprocessors. Second, we provide a hardware evaluation methodology to the NIST SHA-3 standardization process. Our research efforts cover both of the SHA-3 fourteen Second Round candidates and five Third Round finalists. We design the first SHA-3 benchmark chip and discuss the technology impact to the SHA-3 hardware evaluation process. Third, we discuss two technology dependent issues in the fair comparison of cryptographic hardware. We provide a systematic approach to do a cross-platform comparison between SHA-3 FPGA and ASIC benchmarking results and propose a methodology for lightweight hash designs. Finally, we provide guidelines to select implementation attack countermeasures in ECC cryptosystem designs. We discuss how to integrate a set of countermeasures to resist a collection of side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks and fault attacks. The first part of the dissertation discusses how system integration can affect the efficiency of the cryptographic primitives. We focus on the SoC integration of cryptographic coprocessors and analyze the system profile in a co-simulation environment and then on an actual FPGA-based SoC platform. We use this system-level design flow to analyze the SoC integration issues of two block ciphers: the existing Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and a newly proposed lightweight cipher PRESENT. Next, we use hardware/software codesign techniques to design a programmable ECC coprocessor architecture which is highly flexible and scalable for system integration into a SoC architecture. The second part of the dissertation describes our efforts in designing a hardware evaluation methodology applied to the NIST SHA-3 standardization process. Our Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) implementation results of five SHA-3 finalists are the first ASIC real measurement results reported in the literature. As a contribution to the NIST SHA-3 competition, we provide timely ASIC implementation cost and performance results of the five SHA-3 finalists in the SHA-3 standard final round evaluation process. We define a consistent and comprehensive hardware evaluation methodology to the NIST SHA-3 standardization process from Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) prototyping to ASIC implementation. The third part of the dissertation extends the discussion on hardware benchmarking of NIST SHA-3 candidates by analyzing the impact of technology to the fair comparison of cryptographic hardware. First, a cross-platform comparison between the FPGA and ASIC results of SHA-3 designs demonstrates the gap between two sets of benchmarking results. We describe a systematic approach to analyze a SHA-3 hardware benchmark process for both FPGAs and ASICs. Next, by observing the interaction of hash algorithm design, architecture design, and technology mapping, we propose a methodology for lightweight hash implementation and apply it to CubeHash optimizations. Our ultra-lightweight design of the CubeHash algorithm represents the smallest ASIC implementation of this algorithm reported in the literature. Then, we introduced a cost model for analyzing the hardware cost of lightweight hash implementations. The fourth part of the dissertation discusses SCA attacks and fault attacks resistant cryptosystem designs. We complete a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art of secure ECC implementations and propose a methodology on selecting countermeasures to thwart multiple side-channel attacks and fault attacks. We focus on a systematic way of organizing and understanding known attacks and countermeasures.
Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "Fault block"

1

Audibert, Marc. Déformation discontinue et rotations de blocs: Méthodes numériques de restauration : application à la Galilée. Rennes: Centre armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, Université de Rennes I, 1991.

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Eisenberg, Melvin A. The Role of Fault in Contract Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199731404.003.0012.

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Chapter 12 considers the role of fault in contract law. Restatement Second of Contracts provides that “Contract liability is strict liability. It is an accepted maxim that pacta sunt servanda, contracts are to be kept. The obligor is therefore liable in damages for breach of contract even if he is without fault . . . .” Similarly, the Farnsworth’s treatise states that “contract law is, in its essential design, a law of strict liability, and the accompanying system of remedies operates without regard to fault.” These statements, and many others like them, are incorrect. As a normative matter fault should be a building block of contract law. One part of the human condition is that we hold many moral values concerning right and wrong, and therefore fault. Contract law cannot escape this condition.
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Gilane, Tawadros, Campbell Sarah 1972-, Institute of International Visual Arts., Forum for African Arts, Prince Claus Fund, and Biennale di Venezia (50th : 2003), eds. Fault lines: Contemporary African art and shifting landscapes. London: Institute of International Visual Arts in collaboration with the Forum for African Arts and the Prince Claus Fund, 2003.

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C, Zoback Mary Lou, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Seismicity of the San Francisco Bay block, California. Menlo Park, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Ellis, Barbara Jean. Changing tectonic regimes in the southern Salinian block: Extension, strike-slip faulting, compression and rotation in the Cuyama Valley, California. 1994.

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Wingfield, Jerry H. The Fault, Dear Brutus: The True Sources of Crisis in Black America. Brunswick Publishing Corporation, 1990.

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Renker, Elizabeth. Late-Century African American Poets and Realist Gentility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808787.003.0006.

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This chapter argues that late-century black poets carved out a new postbellum form of African American poetic realism. These poets, too, have fallen prey to the twilight narrative. While critics often fault their work as “conventional,” this chapter contests the scholarly argument that the “conventionality” of black genteel verse is a problem to be lamented, showing it instead to have been an arena for innovation. Priscilla Jane Thompson, George Marion McClellan, William H. A. [W. H. A.] Moore, and Henrietta Cordelia Ray all carved out unique forms of African American poetic expression in which “gentility” became a performance space that opened up a realist counterpoetics of their own. As they performed the genteel, these poets engaged and claimed its tropes, undermining and countering its fantasies and rewriting them as black-voiced reality checks on the genteel poetic mode.
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The Putnam thrust, northern Portneuf Range, southeastern Idaho: Structural complexities caused by upper-plate imbricate thrusting and Neogene block rotation. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1991.

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Alison, McCrory Patricia, ed. Crustal deformation at the leading edge of the Oregon Coast Range block, offshore Washington (Columbia River to Hoh River). [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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McCrory, Patricia Alison. Crustal Deformation at the Leading Edge of the Oregon Coast Range Block, Offshore Washington (Columbia River to Hoh River (Earthquake Hazards of the Pacific Northwest Coastal and Marine Regions). U S Geological Survey, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fault block"

1

Saha, Sayandeep, Arnab Bag, Debapriya Basu Roy, Sikhar Patranabis, and Debdeep Mukhopadhyay. "Fault Template Attacks on Block Ciphers Exploiting Fault Propagation." In Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2020, 612–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45721-1_22.

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Saglietti, Francesca. "A Theoretical Evaluation of the Acceptance Test in Recovery Block Programming." In Software Fault Tolerance, 213–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84725-7_12.

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Liu, Zhiqiang, Dawu Gu, Ya Liu, and Wei Li. "Linear Fault Analysis of Block Ciphers." In Applied Cryptography and Network Security, 241–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31284-7_15.

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Vafaei, Navid, Nasour Bagheri, Sayandeep Saha, and Debdeep Mukhopadhyay. "Differential Fault Attack on SKINNY Block Cipher." In Security, Privacy, and Applied Cryptography Engineering, 177–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05072-6_11.

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Nur, A., H. Ron, and O. Scotti. "Mechanics of Distributed Fault and Block Rotation." In Paleomagnetic Rotations and Continental Deformation, 209–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0869-7_14.

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Saha, Sayandeep, Debdeep Mukhopadhyay, and Pallab Dasgupta. "ExpFault: An Automated Framework for Block Cipher Fault Analysis." In Automated Methods in Cryptographic Fault Analysis, 13–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11333-9_2.

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Soloviev, A., and A. Ismail-Zadeh. "Models of Dynamics of Block-and-Fault Systems." In Springer Series in Synergetics, 71–139. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05298-3_3.

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Ghoshal, Ashrujit, Sikhar Patranabis, and Debdeep Mukhopadhyay. "Template-Based Fault Injection Analysis of Block Ciphers." In Security, Privacy, and Applied Cryptography Engineering, 21–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05072-6_2.

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Jeong, Kitae, and Changhoon Lee. "Differential Fault Analysis on Block Cipher LED-64." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 747–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4516-2_79.

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Lee, Yuseop, Jongsung Kim, Jong Hyuk Park, and Seokhie Hong. "Differential Fault Analysis on the Block Cipher HIGHT." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 407–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4516-2_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fault block"

1

Sanada, M. "A CAD-Based Approach to Failure Diagnosis of CMOSLSI with Single Fault Using Abnormal IDDQ." In ISTFA 1997. ASM International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1997p0015.

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Abstract A CAD-based fault diagnosis technique for CMOS-LSI with single fault using abnormal IDDQ has been developed to indicate the presence of physical damage in a circuit. This method of progressively reducingthe faulty portion, works by extracting the inner logic state of each block from logic simulation, and by deriving test vector numbers with abnormal IDDQ. To easily perform fault diagnosis, the hierarchical circuit structure is divided into primitive blocks including simple logic gates. The diagnosis technique employs the comparative operation of each primitive block to determine whether one and the same inner logic state with abnormal IDDQ exists in the inner logic state with normal IDDQ or not. The former block is regarded as normal block and the latter block is regarded as faulty block. The fault of the faulty block can be localized easily by using input logic state simulation. Experimental results on real faulty LSI with 100k gates demonstrated rapid diagnosis times of within ten hours ani reliable extraction of the fault location.
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Brenna, T. "Automated Surface Fault Block Delineation." In First EAGE Digitalization Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202032035.

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Syahrul, R. A., C. Townsend, A. Escalona, and A. Dahman. "Kerpini Fault Controlled Sedimentation in Kerpini Fault Block, Greece." In 76th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2014. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20141662.

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4

Shin Heu, Il-hong Suh, and J. C. Yoon. "Experimental validation of distributed recovery block." In Proceedings Pacific Rim International Symposium on Fault Tolerant Systems. IEEE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfts.1991.212973.

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Haridass, Sai sri Krishna, and David H. K. Hoe. "Fault tolerant Block Based Neural Networks." In 2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssst.2010.5442804.

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Agosta, Giovanni, Alessandro Barenghi, Gerardo Pelosi, and Michele Scandale. "Differential Fault Analysis for Block Ciphers." In the 7th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2659651.2659709.

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Baldwin, B., E. M. Popovici, M. Tunstall, and i. P. Marnane. "Fault injection platform for block ciphers." In IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference (ISSC 2008). IEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20080631.

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Jeboda, Olatunji, Anil Ambastha, and Vincent Eme. "Full-Field History-Match of Stacked Reservoirs across Fault Blocks to Investigate Cross-Fault Block Communiation." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/178405-ms.

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Chen, Hua, Jingyi Feng, Vincent Rijmen, Yunwen Liu, Limin Fan, and Wei Li. "Improved Fault Analysis on SIMON Block Cipher Family." In 2016 Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography (FDTC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fdtc.2016.12.

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Zhang, Jian-mei. "Topology Block Based Distribution Network Fault Location." In 2012 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2012.6307733.

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Reports on the topic "Fault block"

1

Ponce, D. A. Interpretive geophysical fault map across the central block of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/584905.

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Pe-Piper, G., D. J. W. Piper, and I. Koukouvelas. Field evidence for the character of the Precambrian rocks south of the Rockland Brook fault, Bass River block, Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/205100.

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Thériault, R. J., J. B. Henderson, and S. M. Roscoe. Nd isotopic evidence for early to mid-Archean crust from high grade gneisses in the Queen Maud Block and south of the McDonald Fault, western Churchill Province, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/195168.

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Haase, C. S., E. C. Walls, and C. D. Farmer. Stratigraphic and structural data for the Conasauga Group and the Rome Formation on the Copper Creek fault block near Oak Ridge, Tennessee: preliminary results from test borehole ORNL-JOY No. 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5630749.

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Lynch, Nancy. Building Blocks for High Performance, Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420689.

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Jamison, D., P. Acosta-Góngora, B. K. Knox, S. J. Pehrsson, and S. Lin. Deformation history of the Black Bay Fault and associated mineralization, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304197.

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