Academic literature on the topic 'FCD'
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Journal articles on the topic "FCD"
1
Akeret, Kevin, David Bellut, Hans-Jürgen Huppertz, et al. "Ultrasonographic features of focal cortical dysplasia and their relevance for epilepsy surgery." Neurosurgical Focus 45, no. 3 (2018): E5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.6.focus18221.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVESurgery has proven to be the best therapeutic option for drug-refractory cases of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)–associated epilepsy. Seizure outcome primarily depends on the completeness of resection, rendering the intraoperative FCD identification and delineation particularly important. This study aims to assess the diagnostic yield of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) in surgery for FCD-associated drug-refractory epilepsy.METHODSThe authors prospectively enrolled 15 consecutive patients with drug-refractory epilepsy who underwent an IOUS-assisted microsurgical resection of a radiologically suspected FCD between January 2013 and July 2016. The findings of IOUS were compared with those of presurgical MRI postprocessing and the sonographic characteristics were analyzed in relation to the histopathological findings. The authors investigated the added value of IOUS in achieving completeness of resection and improving postsurgical seizure outcome.RESULTSThe neurosurgeon was able to identify the dysplastic tissue by IOUS in all cases. The visualization of FCD type I was more challenging compared to FCD II and the demarcation of its borders was less clear. Postsurgical MRI showed residual dysplasia in 2 of the 3 patients with FCD type I. In all FCD type II cases, IOUS allowed for a clear intraoperative visualization and demarcation, strongly correlating with presurgical MRI postprocessing. Postsurgical MRI confirmed complete resection in all FCD type II cases. Sonographic features correlated with the histopathological classification of dysplasia (sonographic abnormalities increase continuously in the following order: FCD IA/IB, FCD IC, FCD IIA, FCD IIB). In 1 patient with IOUS features atypical for FCD, histopathological investigation showed nonspecific gliosis.CONCLUSIONSMorphological features of FCD, as identified by IOUS, correlate well with advanced presurgical imaging. The resolution of IOUS was superior to MRI in all FCD types. The appreciation of distinct sonographic features on IOUS allows the intraoperative differentiation between FCD and non-FCD lesions as well as the discrimination of different histological subtypes of FCD. Sonographic demarcation depends on the underlying degree of dysplasia. IOUS allows for more tailored resections by facilitating the delineation of the dysplastic tissue.
2
Seong, Min Jae, Su Jung Choi, Eun Yeon Joo, et al. "Surgical outcome and prognostic factors in epilepsy patients with MR-negative focal cortical dysplasia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0249929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249929.
Full textAbstract:
Objective Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders of the cortical formation and is one of the most common causes of epilepsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for detecting structural lesions, and the surgical prognosis in patients with MR lesions is favorable. However, the surgical prognosis of patients with MR-negative FCD is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term surgical outcomes and prognostic factors in MR-negative FCD patients through comprehensive presurgical data. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 719 drug-resistant epilepsy patients who underwent resective surgery and selected cases in which surgical specimens were pathologically confirmed as FCD Type I or II. If the epileptogenic focus and surgical specimens were obtained from brain areas with a normal MRI appearance, they were classified as MR-negative FCD. Surgical outcomes were evaluated at 2 and 5 years, and clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging data of MR-negative FCD were compared to those of MR-positive FCD. Results Finally, 47 MR-negative and 34 MR-positive FCD patients were enrolled in the study. The seizure-free rate after surgery (Engel classification I) at postoperative 2 year was 59.5% and 64.7% in the MR-negative and positive FCD groups, respectively (p = 0.81). This rate decreased to 57.5% and 44.4% in the MR-negative and positive FCD groups (p = 0.43) at postoperative 5 years. MR-negative FCD showed a higher proportion of FCD type I (87.2% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.001) than MR-positive FCD. Unilobar cerebral perfusion distribution (odds ratio, OR 5.41) and concordance of interictal epileptiform discharges (OR 5.10) were significantly associated with good surgical outcomes in MR-negative FCD. Conclusion In this study, MR-negative and positive FCD patients had a comparable surgical prognosis, suggesting that comprehensive presurgical evaluations, including multimodal neuroimaging studies, are crucial for obtaining excellent surgical outcomes even in epilepsy patients with MR-negative FCD.
3
Li, Chao, Mingyang Li, and Yingchang Li. "Improving estimation of forest aboveground biomass using Landsat 8 imagery by incorporating forest crown density as a dummy variable." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 4 (2020): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0216.
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Optical remote sensing data are widely used in estimation of forest aboveground biomass (AGB), and the accuracy of AGB estimations has drawn wide attention. A method to improve the accuracy of remote sensing-based AGB models was developed by combining Landsat 8’s Operational Land Imager (OLI) and forest crown density (FCD). Remote sensing-based AGB models with and without an FCD dummy variable were developed using linear regression based on vegetation type (coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, mixed forest, and total vegetation). The differences between the models with and without an FCD dummy variable were analysed and compared. The models involving stratification of vegetation types provided more accurate estimations than the models of total vegetation. The models with an FCD dummy variable performed better than the models without an FCD dummy variable for each vegetation type. In each FCD class, the models with an FCD dummy variable provided more accurate estimations than the models without an FCD dummy variable, and the over- and underestimation problems associated with the models without an FCD dummy variable in thin and dense stands were significantly alleviated by the models with an FCD dummy variable. Therefore, introducing FCD into remote sensing-based AGB models has great potential to improve AGB estimation.
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Houbraken, Maarten, Steven Logghe, Marco Schreuder, Pieter Audenaert, Didier Colle, and Mario Pickavet. "Automated Incident Detection Using Real-Time Floating Car Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8241545.
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The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of a live Automated Incident Detection (AID) system using only Floating Car Data (FCD) in one of the first large-scale FCD AID field trials. AID systems detect traffic events and alert upcoming drivers to improve traffic safety without human monitoring. These automated systems traditionally rely on traffic monitoring sensors embedded in the road. FCD allows for finer spatial granularity of traffic monitoring. However, low penetration rates of FCD probe vehicles and the data latency have historically hindered FCD AID deployment. We use a live country-wide FCD system monitoring an estimated 5.93% of all vehicles. An FCD AID system is presented and compared to the installed AID system (using loop sensor data) on 2 different highways in Netherlands. Our results show the FCD AID can adequately monitor changing traffic conditions and follow the AID benchmark. The presented FCD AID is integrated with the road operator systems as part of an innovation project, making this, to the best of our knowledge, the first full chain technical feasibility trial of an FCD-only AID system. Additionally, FCD allows for AID on roads without installed sensors, allowing road safety improvements at low cost.
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Pennington, Catherine, Harriet Ball, Marta Swirski, Margaret Newson, and Elizabeth Coulthard. "Metacognitive Performance on Memory and Visuospatial Tasks in Functional Cognitive Disorder." Brain Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11101368.
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Functional Cognitive Disorder (FCD) is a common diagnosis at the memory clinic. FCD is characterised by significant self-reported cognitive symptoms in the absence of external evidence of cognitive dysfunction. A potential explanation for this is a deficit in metacognition, the process by which we internally judge our own abilities. Here we investigated differences in accuracy, confidence, and metacognition between people with FCD (N = 20), neurodegenerative mild cognitive impairment (nMCI; N = 14), and healthy controls (N = 23). The groups were assessed on forced choice memory and perceptual tasks, with trial by trial confidence ratings. FCD and nMCI participants showed lower accuracy on the memory task (means FCD 63.65%, nMCI 63.96%, HC 71.22%), with a significant difference between the FCD and HC groups after controlling for age and sex. There were no between-group differences in memory task confidence (means FCD 3.19, nMCI 3.59, HC 3.71). The FCD group showed greater confidence when longer time was allowed on the memory task. No between group differences in perceptual task accuracy (means FCD 63.97%, nMCI 64.50%, FCD 65.86%) or confidence (means FCD 3.71, nMCI 3.43, HC 3.88) were found. No differences in metacognitive efficacy emerged between the groups, either on the memory or perceptual task (Memory Meta-d’/d’:FCD 0.63, nMCI 0.94 HC 0.85; Perceptual Meta-d’,d’: FCD 0.50, nMCI 0.51, HC 0.72). Participants showed greater metacognitive efficacy on the memory task compared to the perceptual task. The difficulties experienced by people with FCD do not appear to be due to metacognitive deficits. Their performance was similar to people with nMCI over aspects of the memory tasks, which suggests that the primary issue may lie with memory encoding or retrieval, rather than with their judgement of performance accuracy.
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Larner, Andrew J. "Functional Cognitive Disorders (FCD): How Is Metacognition Involved?" Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081082.
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Functional cognitive disorders (FCD) have become a subject of increasing clinical interest in recent years, in part because of their high prevalence amongst patients attending dedicated memory clinics. Empirical understanding of FCD based on observational studies is growing, suggesting a relationship to other functional neurological disorders (FND) based on shared phenomenology. However, understanding of FCD at the theoretical level has been lacking. One suggestion has been that FCD are disorders of metacognition, most usually of metamemory. In this article, a brief overview of these constructs is presented along with existing evidence for their impairment in FCD. Previous adaptations of theoretical models of FND to accommodate FCD are reviewed. A novel application to FCD of Nelson and Narens’ monitoring and control model of metamemory is then attempted, positing an improper setting of the monitoring function, with examples of ecological relevance. Formulation of FCD in light of a metacognitive model of anosognosia is also considered. Although lacking mechanistic and neuroanatomical sophistication, this metacognitive formulation of FCD may give pointers for future hypothesis-driven research and a pragmatic basis for management strategies.
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Zhao, Hui. "Improved Floyd Route Mending Algorithm Based on Dynamic Travel Time Applied to the Estimation of Floating Car Origin-Destination Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 2196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.2196.
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The floating car data (FCD) is widely used to estimate the time-varying OD demands in recent years. The one of the most important factors influencing the application performance of FCD is the completeness of FCD route data. This paper is intended to develop Floyd route mending algorithm based on dynamic travel time for FCD. In this framework, the raw FCD and the processed FCD are used to identify the problem of data missing based on topological structure of the road network. Then, an approach is developed to mend route based on improved Floyd route mending algorithm based on the GIS map. The approach is designed in a way that takes full advantage of the dynamic characteristics of travel time and quick routes scan. The paper applies the proposed methodology to mend routes and derive OD demands of FCD for the Western 3rd Ring-Road corridor network in Beijing, China. It is shown from the statistical analysis that the approach is accurate and the OD demands of FCD can reflect the characteristics of OD demands of all vehicles in the road network.
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Gross, Donald W., Alexandre Bastos, and Christian Beaulieu. "Diffusion Tensor Imaging Abnormalities in Focal Cortical Dysplasia." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 32, no. 4 (2005): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100004479.
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ABSTRACT:Purpose:Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is one of the most common underlying pathologic substrates in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of FCD is an important predictor of good surgical outcome, conventional MRI is not sensitive enough to detect all lesions. Previous reports of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) abnormalities in FCD suggest the potential of DTI in the detection of FCD. The purpose of this study was to study subcortical white matter underlying small lesions of FCD using DTI.Methods:Five patients with medically intractable epilepsy and FCD were investigated. Diffusion tensor imaging images were acquired (20 contiguous 3mm thick axial slices) with maps of fractional anisotropy (FA), trace apparent diffusion coefficient (trace/3 ADC), and principal eigenvalues (ADC parallel and ADC perpendicular to white matter tracts) being calculated for each slice. Region of interest analysis was used to compare subcortical white matter ipsilateral and contralateral to the lesion.Results:Three subjects with FCD associated with underlying white matter hyperintensities on T2 weighted MRI were observed to have increased trace/3 ADC, reduced fractional anisotropy and increased perpendicular water diffusivity which was greater than the relative increase in the parallel diffusivity. No DTI abnormalities were identified in two patients with FCD without white matter hyperintensities on conventional T2-weighted MRI.Conclusions:While DTI abnormalities in FCD with obvious white matter involvement are consistent with micro-structural degradation of the underlying subcortical white matter, DTI changes were not identified in FCD lesions with normal appearing white matter.
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Giulioni, Marco, Gianluca Marucci, Matteo Martinoni, et al. "Seizure outcome in surgically treated drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy based on the recent histopathological classifications." Journal of Neurosurgery 119, no. 1 (2013): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.3.jns122132.
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Object The study was performed to investigate the relation between seizure outcome after surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and pathological findings, classified according to the recently proposed classifications of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), granule cell pathology (GCP), focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and epilepsy-associated low-grade tumors (ELGT). Methods The authors analyzed data obtained in 120 consecutive cases involving patients presenting with drug-resistant MTLE, who underwent tailored anteromesial temporal lobe resection, and correlated seizure outcome with pathological findings. They identified 5 histopathological groups: Group 1—ELGT, alone or associated with other lesions (30 cases); Group 2—isolated FCD (17 cases); Group 3—MTS, with or without GCP (28 cases); Group 4—MTS associated with FCD, with or without GCP (37 cases); Group 5—other lesions (8 cases). Results Engel Class I outcome was observed in 83% of patients with ELGT (Class IA in 63%); in 59% of patients with isolated FCD, with FCD Type II showing a better prognosis than FCD Type I; in 82% of patients with isolated MTS (Class IA in 50%), with MTS Type 1a and MTS Type 1b showing a better prognosis than MTS Type 2 and patients with MTS and GCP having better postsurgical results than those with MTS without GCP. Engel Class I outcome was also achieved in 84% of patients with FCD associated with MTS (Engel Class IA in 62%); also in this group MTS 1a and MTS 1b associated with FCD showed a better prognosis than FCD associated with MTS 2. Finally, Engel Class I was also achieved in 2 patients with vascular malformation and in 1 with a temporal pole encephalocele. Conclusions Patients with MTLE and ELGT, MTS, or MTS associated with FCD showed the best postsurgical seizure outcome (Engel Class I in more than 80% of cases), whereas only 63% of patients with isolated FCD achieved the same type of outcome. Interestingly, the analysis of seizure outcome in histopathological subtypes of FCD and of MTS showed different prognoses in the different pathological subgroups, with worse outcomes for atypical MTS, absence of GCP, and isolated FCD Type I.
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Altintasi, Oruc, Hediye Tuydes-Yaman, and Kagan Tuncay. "A METHOD TO ESTIMATE TRAFFIC PENETRATION RATES OF COMMERCIAL FLOATING CAR DATA USING SPEED INFORMATION." Transport 37, no. 3 (2022): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.17069.
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Floating Car Data (FCD) are being increasingly used as an alternative traffic data source due to its lower cost and high coverage area. FCD can be obtained by tracking vehicle trajectories individually or by processing multiple tracks anonymously to produce average speed information commercially. For commercial FCD, the spatio-temporal distribution of these vehicles in actual traffic, traffic Penetration Rate (PR) is the most important factor affecting the accuracy of speed estimations, despite the high number of registered vehicles feeding to an FCD provider, denoting the market PR. This study proposes a method for assessing the traffic PR of commercial FCD by evaluating its speed estimation quality compared to Ground Truth (GT) data. GT speed data were employed to generate different levels of traffic PR using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, which resulted in the development of Quality-PR (Q-PR) relations for Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as selected Measures of Effectiveness (MoE). Simulation-based FCD results at an urban road segment in Ankara (Turkey) showed that a quality of FCD with traffic PR of 15% or more would improve significantly. Use of the developed Q-PR relations suggested an approximately 5% traffic PR for the commercial FCD speeds at the location.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FCD"
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Feng, Gao. "Macroscopic fundamental diagrams for Stockholm using FCD data." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37906.
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Macroscopic fundamental diagrams (MFD) reveal the relations among flow, speed and density in a large geographic region. After literature review on macroscopic analysis, the similar methodology is applied in this thesis. The purpose of the thesis is to find the evidence that is able to prove MFD existing in Stockholm urban region. Both floating car data (FCD) based on global positioning system (GPS) data from taxis travelling in Stockholm region and traffic data from fixed detectors data source are used to construct the fundamental diagrams. Geographically, the usage of data is extended from single link to multiple links, then to the entire study region. The temporal phase is restricted in one weekday and weekend. The diagram of flow vs. speed based on single detector is found disordered, by contrast, the diagrams of cumulative flow, speed and density for all detectors represent orderly. MFD diagrams proposed in Yokohama case study by Geroliminis and Daganzo are reproduced with cumulative data in this thesis. Therefore, it can be proved that MFD exists when using data from multiple links. However, the cumulative data from fixed detectors only represents the traffic on links where they locate, not the entire region. To overcome it, GPS data from taxis, which covers the whole region, is analyzed with same method. Because full taxis travel in the same manner as normal vehicles, they are selected to approximate traffic in whole region. A neat curve of flow vs. speed is produced and it coincides with corresponding diagram in the reference paper. It enhances the conclusion that MFD exists in the entire study region. Moreover, based on the constant ratio between average link flow and region exit flow, a controlling density policy is discussed in aiming for maximizing trip completion.
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Schmidt, Wolfram, Falk Richter, and Matthias Körner. "Eine Methodik zur Ermittlung von Fahrmustern aus FCD." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-152989.
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Ziel des Projektes war die Entwicklung und Anwendung einer Methodik für die Ermittlung von Fahrmustern als Grundlage für eine qualifizierte Emissions- und Immissionsprognose in Straßen.
In dem Projekt wurde ein Verfahren entwickelt, mit dessen Hilfe unter Verwendung von Floating-Car-Data (FCD) die Fahrmuster ohne aufwändige Messfahrten erhoben und aktualisiert werden können.
Die Ergebnisse sind Grundlage zur Modellierung der Immissionssituation z. B. in Luftreinhalteplänen, zur Ermittlung von Vorbelastungswerten, zur Erfüllung von Berichtspflichten an die EU sowie als Eingangsgrößen in Forschungsvorhaben.
Das Verfahren kann mit geringem Aufwand für andere Städte angepasst werden, wodurch diese Kosten sparen.
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Pizarro, A. Pablo. "Valoración FORUS S.A : mediante método de flujo de caja descontado (FCD)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117327.
Full textAbstract:
Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Finanzas<br>El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una valoración de la acción FORUS,
perteneciente a
Forus
S.A., empresa
de la Industria Retail dedicada a la
fabricación,
importación, exportación, comercialización y distribución
de calzado, artículos de cuero,
vestuarios, textiles
y accesorios en Chile, Perú, Colombia y Uruguay a través de sus
distintas marcas como
Hush Puppies, Columbia,
Cat, Rockford, Azaleia
y Merrell, entre
otras.
Esta valoración se llevó a cabo mediante el método de Flujos de Caja Descontados
(FCD),
en donde se realizó un análisis de la industria y de Forus, su estrategia de
financiamiento, estructura de capital. Luego se calculó la tasa de
descuento relevante y
se proyectaron los flujos de caja para los próximos cinco años.
Como resultado de es
ta valoración, se determinó que el precio de la acción de Forus
S.A.al 31 de junio de 2013 es de $3.218, valor mayor a los
$
2
.
896
a los que se transó
en aquel día, por lo que bajo este análisis de valoración, se concluye que el precio de
mercado se encuentra subvalorado
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Salazar, Cáceres Raúl. "Valoración empresas Banmédica S.A. : método de flujo de caja descontado (FCD)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117278.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Finanzas<br>Autor autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su tesis en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas de la U. de Chile.<br>La valoración puede considerarse como un proceso mediante el cual se obtiene una medición de los elementos que constituyen el patrimonio de una empresa, o una medición de su actividad, potencialidad o de cualquier otra característica de la empresa que nos interese cuantificar.
Las razones esgrimidas para valorizar una empresa están dirigidas a generar información tanto para la administración interna como para agentes externos en aspectos tales como conocer la situación o evolución del patrimonio (creación de valor para el accionista), controlar la gestión de los directivos y administradores, establecer políticas de dividendos, determinar las posibilidades y capacidad de endeudamiento de la empresa, evaluar posibilidades de reestructuración interna del capital, comprar o vender empresas, aperturas a la Bolsa, etc.
El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad determinar el precio objetivo de Empresas Banmédica S.A., utilizando como método de valoración el Flujo de Caja Descontados (FCD).
Este método de valoración indica que el valor intrínseco de cualquier activo o empresa está en función de los flujos de caja que generará en el futuro, de la oportunidad en que estos flujos se generarán y del nivel de riesgo asociado a esos flujos.
Los resultados obtenidos establecen que el precio objetivo de la acción de Empresas Banmédica S.A. es $964, determinándose que el mercado está sobrevalorando el precio de la acción en $116 en relación al precio de mercado observado al 30 de junio del 2013 ($1.080), por lo que este resultado sugiere tomar posición corta (venta) en este activo a la espera de que el precio alcance su valor objetivo, obteniendo de esta forma un beneficio en la transacción.
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Ruz, Zúñiga Héctor. "Valoración empresas La Polar : método de flujos de caja descontados (FCD)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117356.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Finanzas<br>Autor no envía autorización, para poder ser publicada en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas de la U. de Chile.<br>Cuando una Compañía esta en marcha, es frecuente encontrarse con una situación que preocupa a diversos agentes del mercado, sean estos internos como externos, y se refiere a la típica pregunta de: ¿Cuál es el valor de esta organización? Como una manera de dar respuesta a esta interrogante, la presente tesis tiene por finalidad estimar el valor económico y por consecuencia el precio objetivo de la acción en forma específica para Empresas La Polar, y para ello se empleará la metodología de valoración por flujos de caja descontados (FCD).
En general la valorización de empresas puede considerarse como una herramienta de apoyo en el proceso de toma de decisiones de una organización, especialmente al momento de ejecutar transacciones financieras más complejas como por ejemplo: vender o comprar la empresa, hacer alianzas o fusiones, solicitar financiamientos para un nuevo plan de inversión, otorgar garantías, para abrirse a la Bolsa o bien para establecer los fundamentos que expliquen el precio de la acción de la empresa si ésta se transa en el mercado.
La motivación de analizar esta empresa en particular, radica en el hecho de que se presenta interesante la idea de indagar cual es la real situación que vive en el presente esta organización después del escandalo financiero de las repactaciones unilaterales del año 2011 y de que forma ha logrado reinventarse para hacer frente a diversos problemas que se le han presentado para seguir operando, frente a un consumidor mas empoderado de sus derechos y de un mercado que vigila cautelosamente la evolución de esta empresa que pasa por profundos cambios estratégicos.
El Flujo de Caja Descontado supone prescindir de la financiación de las operaciones, es decir busca centrarse en el rendimiento económico de los activos y se descuentan utilizando como tasa el Costo de Capital Promedio Ponderado (WACC). En general no es el procedimiento más corto para valorizar, sin embargo su metodología se relaciona directamente con la evolución de los flujos de la empresa y por tanto se estima que es factible obtener resultados más certeros y ajustados a la realidad de la organización.
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Quintero, Castañeda Adalys. "Valoración S.A.C.I Falabella : mediante método de flujo de caja descontado (FCD)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/149974.
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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN FINANZAS<br>La valoración de empresas es el proceso por el cual asignamos valor a la compañía, se trata de determinar el grado de utilidad que reporta, el valor intrínseco del negocio, cuantificando los recursos que constituyen el patrimonio. Este no busca determinar el precio o valor contable, ya que este se fijará finalmente en una transacción, sino su valor inherente.
A continuación se realizara la valoración de S.A.C.I Falabella, por medio del método de flujo de caja descontado. Esta metodología es muy común cuando se trata de valorar proyectos o empresas, ya que involucra varios factores; tales como, proyección de flujos en un horizonte de tiempo, riesgos asociados, potencial de desarrollo, y una tasa de descuento que permitirá traer a valor presente los flujos, determinando el valor económico de la empresa.
S.A.C.I Falabella es un reconocido holding chileno que logró posicionarse en el rubro del retail, a nivel local e internacional, a través de sus cinco líneas de negocio; tiendas por departamento, mejoramiento del hogar, supermercados, servicios financieros y negocio inmobiliario; a la fecha participa en países como Perú, Argentina, Colombia, Brasil, Uruguay y próximamente México, logrando una sólida estabilidad en el mercado.
El presente estudio se realizó en base a los últimos cinco años de la compañía, apoyado en su comportamiento histórico, en su plan y políticas de inversión se determinó un precio por acción de $5.273,52, un 0,4% por debajo de su cotización en el mercado a la fecha de estudio.
Es importante destacar que S.A.C.I Falabella es una empresa con políticas y márgenes definidos esto puede verse en sus indicadores financieros de la composición de su estructura de capital objetiva, aunque el leverage aumento para los últimos años no es indicador de inestabilidad, sino al contrario va de la mano con las futuras inversiones mencionadas anteriormente. Sus proyecciones estables, su accesibilidad y transparencia de la información ofrecen confianza a terceros, entregando señales reales percibidas así por el mercado, por ende el precio obtenido con este análisis se encontró dentro del rango que la entidad mantuvo al periodo de estudio.
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Marcos, Jamis Carlos Mauricio. "Valoración de Cintac S.A. : mediante método de flujo de caja decontado (FCD)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/138691.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Finanzas<br>El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una valoración económica de Cintac S.A., empresa líder en Chile en la creación de soluciones en acero para los sectores de la construcción, industria e infraestructura, mediante la metodología de Flujo de Caja Descontado (FCD).
Sus acciones se transan en la Bolsa de Comercio de Santiago y representan un 0,04% del IGPA.
Para elaborar las proyecciones (2015-2019) se realizó un análisis detallado de la empresa e industria. Se revisaron sus operaciones e inversiones y se ajustó el Estado de Resultados convirtiéndolo en un flujo de caja libre (FCL).
Para poder descontar los flujos proyectados se estimó con WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) un costo de capital (k0) de 8,26%. Para su cálculo se estimó una estructura de capital objetivo de largo plazo (B/V = 50%), un costo de la deuda (kb) de 5,23% estimado con la tasa LIBOR a 180 días más un spread más el EMBI Global Chile, dado que la compañía no tiene bonos emitidos.Y con CAPM se estimó un costo patrimonial (kp) de 12,6%, que incluye un premio por iliquidez de la acción de un 3%, una tasa libre de riesgo de 1,96%, un premio por riesgo de 6,76% y un beta de 1,132. El beta fue estimado utilizando los benchmarks seleccionados, debido a que la acción tiene una presencia bursátil inferior al 10%. El valor terminal se calculó como una perpetuidad (FCL 2020) sin crecimiento.
Para obtener el patrimonio económico, al valor presente de los flujos de caja libre se le suman los activos prescindibles que incluyen el efectivo y se le resta el déficit de capital de trabajo y la deuda financiera. El precio de su acción se estimó en $81,83. Esto significa un downside potencial de un 3,8% respecto al precio de cierre al 30 de junio de 2015.
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Yee, Nicole. "Qualitative Assessment of Activated Microglia and Astrocytes in Focal Cortical Dysplasia: Case Series of Pediatric Patients." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623560.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.<br>Epilepsy is the most common neurologic condition seen in children. Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), a seizure disorder characterized by abnormal cortical laminar development, comprises approximately 75% of medically intractable epilepsies in the pediatric population. A greater appreciation of the pathology and intrinsic properties of the epileptogenic zone may help in understanding why FCD lesions are drug‐resistant, and could potentially lead to more effective treatments in the pediatric population. Neuronal support cells such as microglia and astrocytes have shown to have a role in FCD pathology. These cells are also activated during aging and traumatic brain injury as evidence by morphological change. This study aims to characterize the spatial distribution of microglia and astrocytes using immunohistochemistry in dysplastic tissue of eight male pediatric patients diagnosed with FCD. Cortical specimens from patients who underwent surgical resection of focally dysplastic cortex at Phoenix Children’s Hospital between 2008 and 2014 were examined using immunohistochemistry. Primary antibodies against GFAP and Iba1, as well as structural staining using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), were incubated on sections and further analyzed using bright‐field microscopy. A pattern of perivascular activated microglia was observed in five patients around at least one blood vessel, while a pattern of non‐localized ramified microglia was observed in the other three patients. No identifiable pattern of astrocytic distribution was found. Thus, distinct patterns of microglia, rather than astrocytes, suggest dual underlying mechanisms of epileptogenesis.
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Westman, Freddie. "Modeller för restidsuppskattning baserat på Floating Car Data." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1510.
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<p>I storstadsregionerna blir trafikläget allt mer ansträngt för vart år som går. Inflyttningen fortsätter i oförändrad takt och fler människor måste försöka samsas om samma utrymme. Situationen på vägarna börjar bli ohållbar och det måste till att dessa problem löses snart för att utvecklingen i regionerna inte ska stagnera. Möjligheter för ytterligare utbyignationer finns dock i en begränsad grad och man måste börja se till andra lösningar. Inom området för intelligenta transportsystem(ITS) erbjuds många nya tillämpningar där man med ny teknik försöker hitta lösningar till dagens trafikproblem. Ett led i detta är att samla in och distribuera information om restider på vägarna, för att försöka fördela trafiken mer jämt över hela vägnätet. Det finns olika metoder för att hämta in den här typen av information, men den här rapporten fokuserar sig vid att beskriva system baserat på Floating Car Data(FCD). </p><p>Arbetet som beskrivs i rapporten har i huvudsak analyserat fyra olika restidsuppskattnings-modeller och jämfört dessa med varandra. Modellerna baserar sina beräkningar på observationer från oidentifierade fordon, dvs att observationerna inte har någon identitetsstämpel som kan kopplas till ett specifikt fordon. Två av modellerna betraktar länkarna som en helhet och utför beräkningarna med detta som grund, medan de två andra delar upp varje länk i mindre segment vilket skapar möjlighet för en större noggrannhet. Modellerna testades inledningsvis på simulerad data baserat på trafikmätningar i Göteborgstrakten. Alla beräkningar begränsades ner till länknivå och inte hela vägnät. Detta p.g.a. att det initialt var för komplicerat att skapa en map- matchingmetod som skulle krävas för genomföra beräkningar på olika länkar samtidigt. </p><p>Efter genomförda tester på simulerad data prövades modellerna även på en reella datamängd hämtad från projektet Probe i Stockholmsområdet. Resultaten från de utförda testerna visar på att det inte skiljer sig nämnvärt i restidsuppskattningarna mellan de olika modellerna. Sträckan som valdes att analyseras i de simulerade fallen, påverkades inte av några större störningar eller flödesvariationer. Det resulterade i att alla modellerna genererade likvärdiga restider. Även i fallet med den reella datamängden, som innehöll större flödesvariationer över tiden, kunde de olika modellernas uppskattningar inte skiljas åt nämnvärt. </p><p>Slutsatsen är att trafiken i allmänhet inte har så kraftiga förändringar i flödet över tiden, att det krävs särskilt avancerade modeller för att beräkna restider på länknivå. I alla fall inte om man bortser från incidenter. De framräknade restiderna och den information som dessa ger, bör främst användas för direkt trafikstyrning för att uppnå önskat resultat. Människor förlitar sig mer till sina egna erfarenheter i kända områden, så information av den här typen lämpar sig mer som hjälpmedel för den enskilde individen vid resor i okänd trafik.</p>
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Gössel, Frank. "Informationsentropische, spektrale und statistische Untersuchungen fahrzeuggenerierter Verkehrsdaten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Auswertung und Dimensionierung von FCD-Systemen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1116572388287-50504.
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Untersuchungsgegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Schnittstelle zwischen Verkehrsprozess und Informationsprozess in Systemen für die fahrzeuggenerierte Verkehrsdatengewinnung. Dabei konzentrieren sich die Untersuchungen auf die originäre Größe Geschwindigkeit. Das wesentliche Ziel der theoretischen und praktischen Untersuchungen bildet die qualifizierte Bestimmung makroskopischer Kenngrößen des Verkehrsflusses aus mikroskopischen Einzelfahrzeugdaten. Einen Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bildet die Analyse von mikroskopischen Einzelfahrzeugdaten mit Hilfe von informationsentropischen und spektralen Betrachtungen. Diese Untersuchungen erfolgen mit dem Ziel, eine optimale Nutzung der limitierten Übertragungs- und Verarbeitungskapazität in realen FCD-Systemen zu ermöglichen, theoretische Grenzerte abzuleiten und in der Praxis verwendete Parameter von FCD-Systemen theoretisch zu begründen. Ausgehend von empirischen und theoretischen Untersuchungen wird die Entropie der Informationsquelle &quot;Geschwindigkeitsganglinie&quot; bestimmt. Es wird gezeigt, dass Geschwindigkeitsganglinien als Markov-Quellen modelliert werden können. Aus der Entropiedynamik von Geschwindigeitsganglinien wird eine optimale Größe für den Erfassungstakt abgeleitet. Eine Analyse der spektralen Eigenschaften von Geschwindigkeitsverläufen zeigt, dass zwischen den Spektren von Geschwindigkeitsganglinien und dem Verkehrszustand Zusammenhänge bestehen. Geschwindigkeitsganglinien besitzen Tiefpasscharakter. Für die Berechnung der Tiefpassgrenzfrequenzen von empirischen Geschwindigkeitsganglinien wird ein Leistungskriterium eingeführt. Ausgehend von den derart bestimmten empirischen Tiefpassgrenzfrequenzen kann ein optimaler Erfassungstakt ermittelt werden, dessen Größe näherungsweise mit dem aus der Entropiedynamik abgeleiteten Erfassungstakt übereinstimmt. Ein einfacher Indikator für die Dynamik von Geschwindigkeitsverläufen ist der Variationskoeffizient der Einzelfahrzeuggeschwindigkeit. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Gewinnung und Übertragung von Variationskoeffizienten der Einzelfahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten in FCD-Systemen sinnvoll ist. In der Arbeit erfolgt eine theoretische Begründung des erforderlichen Ausrüstungsgrades in FCD-Systemen. Die Beurteilung der Leistungsfähigkeit von FCD-Systemen erfolgt dabei auf der Grundlage einer Konfidenzschätzung für die Zufallsgröße Reisegeschwindigkeit. Das verwendete Verfahren ist geeignet, die Leistungsfähigkeit von FCD-Systemen in unterschiedlichen Szenarien (Stadt-, Landstraßen-, Autobahnverkehr) zu vergleichen. Es wird gezeigt, dass FC-Daten in bestimmten Szenarien (insbesondere Stadtverkehr) zwingend einer Fusion mit anderen Verkehrsdaten bedürfen. Für die statistische Dimensionierung und Auswertung eines FCD-Systems ist der Variationskoeffizient der mittleren Reisegeschwindigkeiten der Fahrzeuge eines Fahrzeugkollektivs (kollektiver Variationskoeffizient) ein wesentlicher Parameter. Es wird gezeigt, dass der kollektive Variationskoeffizient in der Regel nicht nur vom Verkehrszustand, sondern auch von der räumlichen und zeitlichen Strukturierung des Beobachtungsgebietes abhängig ist. Für die näherungsweise Bestimmung des kollektiven Variationskoeffizienten werden Modelle abgeleitet und verifiziert.
Books on the topic "FCD"
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Ltd, Hunting Technical Services, Sanyu Consultants Inc, Flood Plan Coordination Organization (Bangladesh), and Bangladesh Flood Action Plan. FCD/I Agricultural Study (Team), eds. Bangladesh Flood Action Plan: FAP 12 FCD/I agricultural study, final report. Hunting Technical Services Ltd. in association with Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, Flood Hazard Research Centre, Hunting-Fishtech, Technoconsult International Limited under assignment to United Kingdom Overseas Development Administration, 1992.
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Karnataka (India). Department of Forest. Action plan for the year 2007-08: For utilisation of twelfth finance commission grants-in-aid for maintenance of forests (vide release no. F.10(5)/FCD/2005). Karnataka Forest Department, Government of Karnataka, 2008.
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Ministries, Federation of Christian. FCM Newsletter. Federation of Christian Ministries, 2010.
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Defense Logistics Services Center (U.S.), ed. FED LOG. Defense Logistics Services Center, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "FCD"
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Desnick, Robert J., Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, George W. Padberg, et al. "FCD." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_7915.
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Potluri, Tejaswi, Somavarapu Jahnavi, and Ravikanth Motupalli. "Mobilenet V2-FCD: Fake Currency Note Detection." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3660-8_26.
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Kuhns, Günter, and Rüdiger Ebendt. "Automated Bias-Correction for Accurate FCD Processing Systems." In Telematics - Support for Transport. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45317-9_47.
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Brunauer, Richard, and Karl Rehrl. "Big Data in der Mobilität – FCD Modellregion Salzburg." In Big Data. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-11589-0_12.
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Shi, Shusu, Zonghui Wang, Licheng Yu, and Wenzhi Chen. "A Fast FCD-Based Dynamic Traffic Navigation System." In Internet of Things. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32427-7_84.
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Weis, Serge, Michael Sonnberger, Andreas Dunzinger, et al. "Epilepsies: Malformations of Cortical Development—Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD)." In Imaging Brain Diseases. Springer Vienna, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1544-2_46.
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Mannini, Livia, Ernesto Cipriani, Umberto Crisalli, Andrea Gemma, and Giuseppe Vaccaro. "Improving the Assessment of Transport External Costs Using FCD Data." In Data Analytics: Paving the Way to Sustainable Urban Mobility. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02305-8_16.
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Tartaglia, Pietro, and Mario Di Molfetta. "Hormone Patterns in Breast Cystic Fluid (BCF) in Patients with Fibrocystic Disease (FCD)." In New Frontiers in Mammary Pathology 1986. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3297-5_19.
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Castañeda-Gonzalez, J., A. Alvarez-Meza, and A. Orozco-Gutierrez. "An Enhanced Sequential Search Feature Selection Based on mRMR to Support FCD Localization." In Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13469-3_57.
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Altintasi, Oruc, Hediye Tuydes-Yaman, and Kagan Tuncay. "Monitoring Urban Traffic from Floating Car Data (FCD): Using Speed or a Los-Based State Measure." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98615-9_15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "FCD"
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Gohari, Kousha, Julian Ortiz, Kristian Nespor, et al. "Analysis of the Performance of Various Well Liner Completion Strategies in Surmont." In SPE Thermal Integrity and Design Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203868-ms.
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Abstract ConocoPhillips operates Surmont, which is the first Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) project to implement Flow Control Devices (FCDs) in producer wells. This study was conducted to evaluate the production performance of different liner completion strategies. The analysis compared well pairs completed with slotted liners (SL) to producers completed with FCDs, both liner deployed (LD-FCD) and tubing deployed (TD-FCD), and investigated the impact of FCDs in injectors. An extensive analysis was conducted using available production and temperature data along the wells. The wells were completed using various fixed-resistance FCD settings, while some wells were completed using variable setting designs. As time went on, several of the slotted liner producer wells were retrofitted with tubing-deployed FCD completions. One of the key objectives of the study was to determine the success rate of tubing-deployed FCDs and their performance relative to liner-deployed FCD wells. Another objective was to evaluate the impact of retrofitting slotted liner SAGD injectors with tubing-deployed FCD completions. In this study, a grading system was established based on the reservoir quality along the well for both injector and producer. For similar graded well pairs, LD-FCDs had better production performance than TD-FCDs. Considering similar graded reservoir quality, FCDs consistently performed better than slotted liners, in both conformance and production acceleration. The production analysis showed that the FCD flow restriction was a major controller of the conformance, but considering the self-choking phenomenon of the reservoir, most FCDs can perform positively in different circumstances. In this study, the self-choking effect of the liquid pool is discussed and explained for different reservoirs and variable subcool. Generally, if erosion is not a factor, FCDs can create a more controlling system than liquid-pool dominant systems. In these cases, both conformance and production acceleration is enhanced if operators yield lower subcools and greater draw-down pressures.
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Gohari, Kousha, Julian Ortiz, Anson Abraham, et al. "Investigating the Performance of Various FCD Geometries for SAGD Applications." In SPE Thermal Integrity and Design Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203866-ms.
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Abstract Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is a complex process that often requires more control relative to conventional applications during production operations. Flow Control Devices (FCDs) have been identified as one of the technologies that offer improved downhole steam utilization and injection/production efficiency. The first FCD completions, with a helical geometry, were installed in SAGD wells at the ConocoPhillips Surmont project over a decade ago. The installations have shown improved steam chamber conformance and reduced steam-oil ratio (SOR) while accelerating bitumen production. Since then, various FCD geometries have been investigated and used, with several of them explicitly designed with a steam blocking capability. This study used a numerical simulator to investigate the performance of these various FCD geometries. This comprehensive study started testing several geometries in a flow loop and using the data obtained to develop a mechanistic model to characterize the flow performance of the FCDs and finally evaluating their performance in a holistic manner via a numerical simulator. By using mechanistic modeling, it was ensured that the performance of the devices was accurately represented, and the physics of the process were considered. The analysis used a commercially available numerical simulator to evaluate the performance of the various FCD geometries in SAGD operation. Three sector models representing different reservoir qualities observed in Surmont were used for the analysis. Additionally, various operating strategies were investigated for each sector model to ensure that a comprehensive understanding of each FCD geometry was achieved. The results of this study showed that FCD flow resistance setting or nozzle size played a significant role in the production performance of the wells in liner deployed FCD applications. Additionally, the steam blocking geometries resulted in increased cumulative production and lower SOR relative to other geometries. The FCD geometry did also impact the development of the steam chamber. Nevertheless, if the FCD completions are configured with the proper flow resistance setting or nozzle size, they provide a proactive measure, which leads to significantly better performance compared to a non-FCD completion. With lower subcool, the geometry of the FCD has a greater impact on the performance of the well. It was also confirmed that an aggressive operating strategy results in better performance of the FCD completions.
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Kawabata, Hirokazu, Ken-ichi Funazaki, Ryota Nakata, and Daichi Takahashi. "Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Effects of Flow Control Devices Upon Flat-Plate Film Cooling Performance." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95197.
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This study deals with the experimental and numerical studies of the effect of flow control devices (FCDs) on the film cooling performance of a circular cooling hole on a flat plate. Two types of FCDs with different heights are examined in this study, where each of them is mounted to the flat plate upstream of the cooling hole by changing its lateral position with respect to the hole centerline. In order to measure the film effectiveness as well as heat transfer downstream of the cooling hole with upstream FCD, a transient method using a high-resolution infrared camera is adopted. The velocity field downstream of the cooling hole is captured by 3D Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV). Furthermore, the aerodynamic loss associated with the cooling hole with/without FCD is measured by a total pressure probe rake. The experiments are carried out at blowing ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.0. In addition, numerical simulations are also made to have a better understanding of the flow field. LES approach is employed to solve the flow field and visualize the vortex structure around the cooling hole with FCD. When a higher FCD is mounted to the plate, the film effectiveness tends to increase due to the vortex structure generated by the FCD. As FCD is laterally shifted from the centerline, the film effectiveness increases, while the lift-off of cooling air is also promoted when FCD is put on the center line.
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Javaheri, Mohammad, Minh Tran, Richard Scot Buell, et al. "Flow Profiling Using Fiber Optics in a Horizontal Steam Injector with Liner-Deployed Flow Control Devices." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200786-ms.
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Abstract Horizontal steam injectors can improve the efficiency of thermal operations relative to vertical injectors. However, effective in-well and reservoir surveillance is needed to understand steam conformance. Uniform steam chest development improves steam-oil-ratio (SOR) in continuous steam injection and accelerates recovery in cyclic steam injection. Conformance of the injected steam can be achieved by flow control devices (FCD) deployed on either tubing or liner. A new liner-deployed FCD was used in a horizontal steam injector in the Kern River field. The liner-deployed FCD is intended to replace the tubing-deployed FCDs while reducing capital costs, surveillance costs, and well intervention costs for conformance control. Fiber optics was used for surveillance, which is the most promising method in horizontal steam injectors considering reliability, accuracy, and cost. Fiber optic data enables monitoring the performance of liner-deployed FCDs as well as estimating the flow profile along the lateral length. Multi-mode Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) optical fibers and single-mode Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) optical fibers were installed in the well for these objectives. Algorithms for interpreting DTS were improved to include a new technique, Shape Language Modeling (SLM), and a probabilistic approach. The configuration of the FCDs was changed during a well intervention, and it was monitored by DTS and DAS. Data from both DTS and DAS confirms the open/closed position of the sliding sleeve of FCDs initially and after the intervention. The probabilistic estimates of steam outflow in several FCD configurations match well with the theoretical outflow that is expected from the critical flow of steam through chokes installed in the FCDs.
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Zhu, Da, and Alberto Uzcategui. "Flow Control Devices in Steam Assisted Thermal Applications: A Way to Optimize Both Steam Injection and Fluids Production." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200849-ms.
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Abstract Flow Control Device (FCD) completions in steam assisted thermal applications have been implemented in several places: Canada, California, China, Oman and Colombia, among others. Such completion configurations have been more common in recent years to mitigate or avoid uneven and/or improper steam placement and steam breakthrough, which are some of the critical issues operators have experienced in these developments. This study presents different FCD technologies designed to optimize the steam injection and fluids production for diverse steam assisted applications including SAGD, CSS and Steam Flooding. Three FCD technologies are introduced: (i) supersonic steam injection FCD, (ii) steam choking FCD and (iii) multi-directional FCD. Extensive Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations, analytic near-wellbore simulations and flow loop testing were conducted to evaluate the performance of the three technologies: (i) the supersonic steam injection FCD showed a high pressure recovery (therefore, less upstream pressure requirements) and a reduction of the cumulative steam-oil ratio, (ii) the steam choking FCD demonstrated the highest steam choking capability for these type of devices and (iii) the multi-directional FCD showed promising results for CSS applications to allow for supersonic steam injection during the injection phase and steam choking capabilities during the production phase Common FCD deployment risks such as erosion, scaling potential and high pressure drops were reviewed to provide the reader with a high level understanding of the factors which could induce these issues. Finally, field data where FCD completions have been installed is presented to compare the FCD wells performance versus conventional well designs and illustrate the success of these completions strategies. Keywords: flow control devices, supersonic steam injection, steam choking
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Senna, Priscylla de, Wyllians Borelli, Wagner Brum, et al. "FUNCTIONAL COGNITIVE DISORDER AS THE MOST FREQUENT DIAGNOSIS IN PUBLIC MEMORY CLINIC." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda059.
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Background: Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) has been described as a blind spot of dementia care. Objectives: Identify the frequency of FCD in a tertiary memory clinic (TMC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify new referrals from the primary care setting to a TMC from southern Brazil over 2014 to 2020. Diagnostic protocol included neurologic evaluation, cognitive screening, neuroimaging and laboratory testing. FCD was defined as cognitive complaints without objective cognitive decline, in the absence of evidence of neurodegenerative disease. Data is shown in mean (SD). Results: 516 patients (61% females, mean age 70.76±10.3 years) with a mean of 4.5 (+-3.94) years of education were referred. The diagnoses were: FCD (146, 28.3%); Alzheimer’s dementia (115, 22.3%); Mild Cognitive Impairment (51, 9.9%), vascular dementia (36, 7%); other types, including less common causes of dementia and rare pathologies (168, 7.6%). FCD patients were younger (66.2 (±9.4) vs. 72.6, p <0.001), and showed higher Geriatric Depression Scale than non-FCD patients (7.4 (±4.5) vs. 5.3 (±3.7), p <0.001). Education level did not differ. Conclusions: FCD was the most frequent diagnosis. Primary care strategies may greatly improve early diagnosis and treatment to these patients.
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Simozo, Fabricio, Marcos Oliveira, and Luiz Murta-Junior. "Brain Tissue Classification to Detect Focal Cortical Dysplasia in Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2020.12164.
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Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a local malformation of the cortex, the main cause of refractory epilepsy in childhood and one of the most common causes in adults. The surgery decision and planning depend on the FCD localization. Although recent studies have successfully detected FCD through artificial intelligence, no study investigates the relevance and prevalence of cortical features on FCD identification and the performance of different machine learning techniques. In this study, the proposed method constructed a voxel-based set of features, e.g., texture measure, border definition, cortical thickness.
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Ahmed Elfeel, Mohamed, Gordon Goh, and Shripad Biniwale. "Advanced Completion Optimization ACO: A Comprehensive Workflow for Flow Control Devices." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21189-ms.
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Abstract There is a growing interest in downhole flow control devices (FCD) as they can be used to counter the effects of reservoir heterogeneity and improve hydrocarbon recovery. The variety of FCD types, sizes, and specifications makes it challenging to select the right device, providing an optimal investment return. Reservoir engineers play an essential role in identifying and evaluating the possible options based on numerical simulation models. This paper utilizes a transient numerical optimizer, designed for FCD with active controls, as a generic tool for lower completion optimization, including passive and autonomous FCD. The workflow consists of five steps. The first step is to determine a practical number of completion zones in a well, given the reservoir heterogeneity and completion string considerations. The second step is to explore the potential gains of downhole control without accounting for device-specific limitations. Here, we integrate a local optimization method to run several simulations with reactive and proactive strategies. In the third step, we contrast the local optimization simulations results to determine the suitable family of FCD: passive, autonomous or active. In step four, we ensure the selected FCD family is correctly modelled in reservoir simulation, particularly for autonomous devices, based on a recently published method to calculate equipment specific flow coefficients. Finally, optimization runs are performed using the selected FCD family and specific coefficients. The workflow is demonstrated on a synthetic carbonate sector model with a ~2,000 m horizontal well. It can be shown that analyses of the local optimization results provide quick guidelines to screen and select suitable lower completion equipment for the well and reservoir. Furthermore, the local optimization results can be used to design the selected lower completion string. The suggested workflow is the first of its kind in that it caters to all FCD families. The workflow uses an efficient local optimization method in a next-generation reservoir simulator. The efficiency gains from using the optimizer allows the decision-making time required for FCD evaluation to be an order of magnitude less than the logging and completion operation timeframe. Hence, the workflow enables efficient real-time design, planning and optimization of FCD.
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Caguiat, Daniel E., Jennifer Connor, Edward Duckless, and Richard J. DeCorso. "Inlet Air Salt Concentration Detection on U.S. Navy Ship Service Gas Turbine Generator Sets." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53984.
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The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) Gas Turbine Emerging Technologies Code 9334 has been working, in conjunction with Vibro-Meter Incorporated, to evaluate and further develop the Vibro-Meter Flame Contaminant Detector (FCD). This device has been used on various commercial gas turbine platforms to quantify the level of sodium entrained in fuel. The FCD consists of a spectrometer device, fiber optic cabling, and a lens assembly, which is mounted in an open combustor port. The combustion flame is continuously monitored for sodium wavelength intensity during gas turbine operation. The FCD was initially of interest to NSWCCD for use in fuel filtration system health monitoring. However, based on known Ship Service Gas Turbine Generator (SSGTG) hot section corrosion issues, it was believed that the FCD would also serve as useful tool for quantifying inlet air salt concentration. Testing was performed at the Philadelphia Land Based Engineering Site in 2003. It was determined that the FCD was able to detect salt concentrations as low as 0.003 parts per million. Initial indications are that airborne salt can be differentiated from fuel entrained salt based on continuous vs. intermittent sodium levels. Continuing efforts are centered on optimizing the existing FCD algorithm to properly differentiate between and quantify inlet air and fuel-entrained salt concentration.
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Yusuf, Yishak, Morteza Roostaei, Mohammad Soroush, et al. "Single and Multi-Phase Flow Loop Testing for Characterization and Optimization of Flow Control Devices Used in SAGD: The Effect of Viscosity and Gas-to-Liquid Ratio on Tool Performance." In SPE Thermal Integrity and Design Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203865-ms.
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ABSTRACT The design of Flow Control Devices (FCDs) requires performance data of an FCD’s internal nozzle under a wide range of flow scenarios. The current study specifically considers the effect of nozzle diameter and wall profile on the induced pressure loss, and subsequently the recovery performance of an FCD. For this study, a flow measurement facility is developed to test the performance of different orifice/nozzle geometries. The flow of single- and two-phase fluid at various flow rates and mass fractions, is experimented. The pressure drop data from the experiments is used to produce performance curves that characterize pressure loss across the geometries. The pressure loss for two-phase flows are compared to their single-phase counterparts to characterize the performance of the tested geometries in the two scenarios. A detailed protocol for performance testing of FCDs is followed as per Advanced Well Equipment Standard (AWES: recommended practice3362). The testing protocol was utilized to characterize the performance of different FCDs geometries under single- and two-phase flow conditions. The results showed the pressure loss characteristic obtained from the flow loop experiments match the corresponding theories. The study has thus provided promising results for the successful application of direct flow loop testing to obtain reliable data which can be used in FCD design, performance investigation, and reservoir simulation.
Reports on the topic "FCD"
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Osada, Hideaki, Yuzo Aoyagi, Masahiro Misawa, et al. Diesel Combustion and Emission Study by Using High Boost and High Injection Pressure in a Single-Cylinder Engine (Fifth Report)~Exhaust Emissions Effected by Aluminum, Steel and FCD Pistons. SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0651.
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Clark, Stephen Nowland. Fed-X:. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4371.
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Clark, Stephen Nowland, and Don Libes. Fed-X:. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4822.
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Hoelzer, David T., Mikhail A. Sokolov, Thak Sang Byun, et al. FCRD Milestone Report: M21AF050901. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028168.
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Hance, S. L., R. S. McKibben, and F. M. Jones. Utility FGD survey: January--December 1989. Volume 1, Categorical summaries of FGD systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10190909.
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Janney, Dawn Elizabeth, and Cynthia Ann Papesch. FCRD Transmutation Fuels Handbook 2015. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239879.
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Mcclellan, Kenneth. FCRD Ceramic Fuels Development Overview. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164771.
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Gonda, Teresa, Erik Polsen, Alicia Garth, et al. FCS Signature Modeling SDD Demo. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada639930.
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Roddin, Michael I., and Bob Van Enkenvoort. Accelerate. Special 2010 FED Edition. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada560314.
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Rittmann, Bruce E. Development of an Acetate-Fed or Sugar-Fed Microbial Power Generator for Military Bases. Defense Technical Information Center, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada535271.
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