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Journal articles on the topic 'Fe3+'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Jin, Wan-Ting, Min Yang, Shuang-Shuang Zhu, and Zhao-Hui Zhou. "Bond-valence analyses of the crystal structures of FeMo/V cofactors in FeMo/V proteins." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 76, no. 5 (2020): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798320003952.

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The bond-valence method has been used for valence calculations of FeMo/V cofactors in FeMo/V proteins using 51 crystallographic data sets of FeMo/V proteins from the Protein Data Bank. The calculations show molybdenum(III) to be present in MoFe7S9C(Cys)(HHis)[R-(H)homocit] (where H4homocit is homocitric acid, HCys is cysteine and HHis is histidine) in FeMo cofactors, while vanadium(III) with a more reduced iron complement is obtained for FeV cofactors. Using an error analysis of the calculated valences, it was found that in FeMo cofactors Fe1, Fe6 and Fe7 can be unambiguously assigned as iron(

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2

Brauer, David J., Gerd Hasselkuß, Sibbele Hietkamp, Herbert Sommer та Othmar Stelzer. "Lineare Oligophosphaalkane, XI [1] Stabilisierung von Phosphiniden, PH, im Clusteryerband — Röntgenstrukturanalyse von Fe4(CO)10[(μ2-PPri)2CH2](μ2-PPriMe)(μ2-H)(μ4-PH)". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, № 7 (1985): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-0719.

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Abstract Reaction of HPriP-CH2-PPriH with Fe2(CO)9 in a molar ratio of 1:2 produces a mixture of cluster compounds from which Fe4(CO)10[(μ2-PPri)2CH2](μ2-PPriMe)(μ2-H)(μ4-PH) could be isolated by liquid chromatography. X-ray structural analysis shows a planar trapezoid arrangement for the four iron atoms (Fe1 -Fe2 2,648(1), Fe2 -Fe3 2,790(1), Fe3 -Fe4 2,643(1), Fe1 --Fe4 4,109(1) Å ) capped by the novel bidentate phosphido bridge (μ2-PPri)2CH2 and the unsubstituted phosphinidene, PH( Fe1 - P4 2,284(1), Fe2 - P4 2,410(1), Fe3 - P4 2,405(1), Fe4 - P4 2,288(1), P4 - H1 1,39(4) Å).

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3

Hamchaoui, Farida, Véronique Alonzo, Houria Rebbah, and Eric Le Fur. "K6[Fe8.27(HPO3)12]: a new mixed-valence iron phosphite." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 70, no. 4 (2014): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229614004021.

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The title compound, hexapotassium octairon(II,III) dodecaphosphonate, exhibiting a two-dimensional structure, is a new mixed alkali/3dmetal phosphite. It crystallizes in the space groupR\overline{3}m, with two crystallographically independent Fe atoms occupying sites of \overline{3}m(Fe1) and 3m(Fe2) symmetry. The Fe2 site is fully occupied, whereas the Fe1 site presents an occupancy factor of 0.757 (3). The three independent O atoms, one of which is disordered, are situated on a mirror and all other atoms are located on special positions with 3msymmetry. Layers of formula [Fe3(HPO3)4]2−are ob

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4

Brauer, David J., Sibbele Hietkam, Herbert Sommer, and Othmar Stelzer. "Lineare Oligophosphaalkane, XII [1] PH-funktionelle Methylenbisphosphane — eine Quelle für Phosphinidene und Phosphoratome in Clustern und Fe4P-Spiroverbindungen / Linear Oligophosphaalkanes, XII [1] PH-Functional Methylenebisphosphanes — a Source of Phosphinidenes and Phosphorus Atoms in Clusters and Fe4P Spiro Compounds." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, no. 12 (1985): 1677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-1214.

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Abstract On reacting PH-functional m ethylenebisphosphanes (iPr)HPCH2PH2 (1) and RHPCH2PR2 (R = CH2Ph) with excess Fe2(CO)9 P -C -P-bond cleavage occurs. As a result β-phosphido bridged clusters e.g. Fe3(CO)8(μ2-PRCH2PR2)(μ3-PR)(μ2-H) (11) and Fe4(μ4-P) spiro com pounds with naked phosphorus atoms Fe4(CO)13(μ4-P)(μ2-PRCH2PR2) (10) or Fe4(CO)14(μ4-P)(μ2-P(/Pr)Me) (6) are obtained. Uptake of one molecule of CO by 11 and ametallation of one CH2Ph substituent within the PR2 donor group yields 12. Compound 10 • CH2C12 crystallizes in the space group C21/c with a = 36.357(7), b = 10.752(2), c = 22.8

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5

Murthy, Shruthi, Mahesh Shivaswamy, Sahana Mahesh, and Srikantha Hanumanthappa. "Simultaneous Removal of Arsenite and Fluoride from Groundwater using Batch Electrochemical Coagulation Process-Role of Aluminum with Iron Electrodes." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 1 (2019): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350110.

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Aluminum(Al) and Iron(Fe) electrodes were used forsimultaneous removal of arsenite and fluoride from groundwater using novel electrochemical coagulation (ECC)with special focus on electrode placing positions of Fe and Al in a batch electrochemical reactor (BECR).A series of experiments were carried out to observe the influence of electrode placing positions on removal. Of the many electrode combination, Al1-Al2-Al3-Al4, Fe1-Fe2-Fe3-Fe4, Al1-Al2-Fe3-Al4 and Fe1-Fe2-Al3-Fe4 are discussed in this paper for pre-optimized operating conditions: 4 plate electrodes, As (III)o: 1.6 mg/L, Fo‾: 12 mg/L,

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6

Jurkowski, Artur, and Zofia Lendzion-Bieluń. "Determination of Fe2+/Fe3+ mole ratio based on the change of precursor lattice parameters of wustite based iron catalysts for the ammonia synthesis." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 21, no. 3 (2019): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2019-0029.

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Abstract In the presented article, oxide forms of iron catalysts with the wustite structure and with a R = Fe2+/Fe3+ molar ratio in the range from 3.78 to 8.16 were investigated. The chemical composition of the tested catalyst precursors was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used to determine the phase composition and location of reflections characteristic of the Fe1−xO phase. The molar ratio of iron ions R = Fe2+/Fe3+ was determined by manganometric titration. The distribution of promoters in the structu

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7

Wang, Yizhou, Zheng Wang, Qiuyue Zhang, et al. "Non-Symmetrically Fused Bis(arylimino)pyridines with para-Phenyl Substitution: Exploring Their Use as N′,N,N″-Supports in Iron Ethylene Polymerization Catalysis." Catalysts 14, no. 3 (2024): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14030213.

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Through the implementation of a one-pot strategy, five examples of non-symmetrical [N,N-diaryl-11-phenyl-1,2,3,7,8,9,10-heptahydrocyclohepta[b]quinoline-4,6-diimine]iron(II) chloride complexes (aryl = 2,6-Me2Ph Fe1, 2,6-Et2Ph Fe2, 2,6-i-Pr2Ph Fe3, 2,4,6-Me3Ph Fe4, and 2,6-Et2-4-MePh Fe5), incorporating fused six- and seven-membered carbocyclic rings and appended with a remote para-phenyl group, were readily prepared. The molecular structures of Fe2 and Fe3 emphasize the variation in fused ring size and the skewed disposition of the para-phenyl group present in the N′,N,N″-ligand support. Upon

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8

Dal Bo, Fabrice, and Frédéric Hatert. "Fe6.67(PO4)5.35(HPO4)0.65and Fe6.23(PO4)4.45(HPO4)1.55: two new mixed-valence iron phosphates." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 68, no. 12 (2012): i83—i85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270112043016.

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Two new mixed-valence iron phosphates, namely heptairon pentaphosphate hydrogen phosphate, Fe6.67(PO4)5.35(HPO4)0.65, and heptairon tetraphosphate bis(hydrogen phosphate), Fe6.23(PO4)4.45(HPO4)1.55, have been synthesized hydrothermally at 973 K and 0.1 GPa. The structures are similar to that of FeII3FeIII4(PO4)6and are characterized by infinite chains of Fe polyhedra parallel to the [101] direction. These chains are formed by the Fe1O6and Fe2O6octahedra, alternating with the Fe4O5distorted pentagonal bipyramids, according to the stacking sequence ...Fe1–Fe1–Fe4–Fe2–Fe2.... The Fe3O6octahedra a

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9

Wu, Xiao, Xiaozhen Han, Yan Kang, Xiqi Feng, and Shouguo Guo. "Effect of Reduction Annealing on the Coloration Mechanism of Yellow Sapphire with High Iron Content." Crystals 12, no. 9 (2022): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12091257.

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The color of yellow sapphire from Africa characterized by high iron content and low levels of other transition metal elements was changed from yellow to grayish-blue after high-temperature reduction annealing. Before reduction annealing, the optical absorption spectra showed that the outer d–d electron transitions of Fe3+ were the main coloring cause of yellow sapphires, but the charge transfer between O2− and Fe3+ may have a greater contribution. The change in lattice parameter indicates that Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ during reduction annealing, and adjacent Fe2+ and Fe3+ form an Fe2+-Fe3+ ion

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10

Izzati, Izzati, Suheryanto Suheryanto, and Poedji Loekitowati Hariani. "Development of a Concentration Cell Potentiometric Method for Fe2+ and Fe3+ Speciation." Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry 8, no. 3 (2023): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24845/ijfac.v8.i3.115.

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The speciation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ iron ions using the concentration cell potentiometric method has been developed. The determination and speciation of metals that have been used include potentiometry using comparison electrodes, selective ion electrodes, and voltammetry. The concentration cell potentiometric method has the advantages of simple equipment, the use of common metal electrodes, high selectivity, and relatively low detection limits. The method validation results for Fe2+ and Fe3+ ion speciation was LOD: Fe2+ 0.22 mg/L and Fe3+ 0.29, LOQ: Fe2+ 0.92 mg/L and Fe3+ 0.01 mg/L; precision (1

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11

Zhao, Mengmeng, Ying Ma, Xianhui Zhang, Liang Wang, Guangqian Zhu, and Qinggang Wang. "Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Property Studies for Isoprene Polymerization of Iron Complexes Bearing Unionized Pyridine-Oxime Ligands." Polymers 14, no. 17 (2022): 3612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173612.

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Iron complexes of the types [Fe(HL)2Cl2] (Fe1: HL1 = pyridine-2-aldoxime; Fe2: HL2 = 6-methylpyridine-2-aldoxime; Fe3: HL3 = phenyl-2-pyridylketoxime; Fe4: HL4 = picolinaldehyde O-methyl oxime) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of Fe2, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, featured a distorted octahedral coordination of the iron center binding with two ligands of HL2. The X-ray structure and infrared spectral data indicated that pyridine-oxime ligands act as unionized bidentate ligand by coordinating with Npyridine and No

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12

Aruoma, O. I., B. Halliwell, M. J. Laughton, G. J. Quinlan, and J. M. C. Gutteridge. "The mechanism of initiation of lipid peroxidation. Evidence against a requirement for an iron(II)-iron(III) complex." Biochemical Journal 258, no. 2 (1989): 617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2580617.

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When Fe2+ ions are added to rat-liver microsomes, lipid peroxidation begins after a short lag period. Fe2+-dependent peroxidation in the first few minutes of the incubation can be increased by adding Fe3+, ascorbic acid or Pb2+ ions; these stimulations are not additive. By contrast, Pb2+ ions inhibit peroxidation of microsomes in the presence of Fe3+/ascorbate or Fe3+-ADP/NADPH. In liposomes made from ox-brain phospholipids, Fe2+-dependent peroxidation is stimulated slightly by Fe3+, but much more so by ascorbic acid, Al3+ or Pb2+; these stimulations are not additive. Liposomal peroxidation in

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13

Van Campenhout, Ann, Christel Van Campenhout, Albert René Lagrou, and Begoña Manuel-y-Keenoy. "Effects of in Vitro Glycation on Fe3+ Binding and Fe3+ Isoforms of Transferrin." Clinical Chemistry 50, no. 9 (2004): 1640–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.033811.

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Abstract Background: In diabetes, protein function is altered by glycation, but the impact on the Fe3+ binding and antioxidant functions of transferrin (Tf) is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of glycation on the distribution of Fe3+ on the two Fe3+-binding sites of Tf. Methods: In vitro glycation of Tf was accomplished by preincubation with glucose for 14 days. Tf was loaded with Fe3+ compounds to achieve theoretical Tf Fe3+ saturations of 32%, 64%, and 96% (monitored by spectrophotometry). Fe3+-Tf isoforms were separated by isoelectric focusing. Re

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14

Li, Xin, Lijing Yuan, and Liangfu Zhao. "A Comparative Study on Oxidation of Acidic Red 18 by Persulfate with Ferrous and Ferric Ions." Catalysts 10, no. 6 (2020): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10060698.

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Ferrous and ferric salts were tested for the persulfate activation (PS/Fe2+ and PS/Fe3+) and the oxidation of Acid Red 18 (AR18). A complete removal was attained after 90 min in both PS/Fe2+ and PS/Fe3+ processes with the persulfate concentration of 6 mM. High concentrations of PS, Fe2+, and Fe3+ promoted the AR18 degradation in both processes and the optimized pH were 3 and 3.3 for PS/Fe2+ and PS/Fe3+ processes, respectively. The mechanism of PS activation by Fe3+ was also investigated. It was found that hydroxyl radical (HO•) and sulfate radical (SO4−•) were formed and acted as dominating ra

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15

Shimakawa, Yuichi, Masato Goto, and Midori Amano Patino. "Topotactic Oxygen Release and Incorporation in AFeO₃ with Fe⁴⁺, AFeO_2.5 with Fe³⁺, and AFeO₂ with Fe²⁺ (A = Ca and Sr): Dedicated to the Occasion of the 100th Birthday of Prof. John B. Goodenough." ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 11, no. 4 (2022): 043004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ac62ee.

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Oxygen contents in perovskite-structure Fe oxides can change in accordance with the valence states of Fe, i.e., AFeO3 with Fe4+, AFeO2.5 with Fe3+, and AFeO2 with Fe2+ (A = Ca and Sr). AFeO3 has a fully oxygenated simple-perovskite structure, and the unusual high valence Fe4+ in AFeO3 is easily reduced to relatively stable Fe3+ by releasing oxygen. On the other hand, AFeO2 has an infinite-layer structure, and the unusual square-planar coordination of Fe2+ in AFeO2 changes to tetrahedral and octahedral Fe3+ by incorporating oxygen. Sample weight measurements by thermogravimetry and correspondin

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16

EL Maazouzi, A., R. Masrour, and A. Jabar. "Magnetic Properties of Inverse Spinel: (Fe3+)A(Fe3+Fe2+)BO42− Magnetite." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 33, no. 12 (2020): 3871–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-020-05515-0.

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17

Wu, C. H., J. T. Wu, and Y. H. Lin. "Mineralization of sulfamethizole in photo-Fenton and photo-Fenton-like systems." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 4 (2015): 746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.554.

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In this investigation, UV/H2O2, UV/H2O2/Fe2+ (photo-Fenton) and UV/H2O2/Fe3+ (photo-Fenton-like) systems were used to mineralize sulfamethizole (SFZ). The optimal doses of H2O2 (1–20 mM) in UV/H2O2 and iron (0.1–1 mM) in photo-Fenton and photo-Fenton-like systems were determined. Direct photolysis by UV irradiation and direct oxidation by added H2O2, Fe2+ and Fe3+ did not mineralize SFZ. The optimal dose of H2O2 was 10 mM in UV/H2O2 and that of iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+) was 0.2 mM in both UV/H2O2/Fe2+ and UV/H2O2/Fe3+ systems. Under the best experimental conditions and after 60 min of reaction, the

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18

Mattson, Stephanie M., and George R. Rossman. "Fe2+-Fe3+ interactions in tourmaline." Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 14, no. 2 (1987): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00308220.

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19

Sañudo, E. Carolina, Jorge Salinas Uber, Alba Pons Balagué, Olivier Roubeau, and Guillem Aromí. "Molecular [(Fe3)–(Fe3)] and [(Fe4)–(Fe4)] Coordination Cluster Pairs as Single or Composite Arrays." Inorganic Chemistry 51, no. 15 (2012): 8441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic300995g.

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20

Gholami, Fatemeh, Zahra Gholami, Martin Tomas, Veronika Vavrunkova, Somayeh Mirzaei, and Mohammadtaghi Vakili. "Promotional Effect of Manganese on Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by CO in the Presence of Excess O2 over M@La–Fe/AC (M = Mn, Ce) Catalyst." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (2020): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111322.

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The catalytic performance of a series of La-Fe/AC catalysts was studied for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by CO. With the increase in La content, the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio and amount of surface oxygen vacancies (SOV) in the catalysts increased; thus the catalytic activity improved. Incorporating the promoters to La3-Fe1/active carbon (AC) catalyst could affect the catalyst activity by changing the electronic structure. The increase in Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio after the promoter addition is possibly due to the extra synergistic interaction of M (Mn and Ce) and Fe through the redox equilibrium

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21

Dawanaka, Maradja. "Efek Ekstrak Fenolik dari Beberapa Limbah Tanaman Terhadap Fotoreduksi Fe3+ Menjadi Fe2+." Jurnal MIPA 4, no. 1 (2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.4.1.2015.6895.

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ujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mempelajari efek ekstrak fenolik dari beberapa limbah tanaman terhadap fotoreduksi Fe3+ menjadi Fe2+ . Sebanyak 10 g serbuk masing-masing sampel diekstraksi dengan cara refluks menggunakan 200 mL pelarut etanol 80% selama 2 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis kandungan fenolik dan efek fotoreduksi Fe3+ menjadi Fe2+ dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak sabut kelapa memiliki kandungan fenolik tertinggi diikuti daun cengkeh, cangkang pala, sekam padi, kulit durian, kulit pisang dan kulit kacang. Ekstrak sabut

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22

Wang, Haowen, Qingling Su, Yanmin Zhuang, et al. "Effects of Iron Valence on the Growth, Photosynthesis, and Fatty Acid Composition of Phaeodactylum tricornutum." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 2 (2023): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020316.

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Iron is a limiting factor that controls the phytoplankton biomass of the ocean and plays an important role in the lipid production of microalgae. Elucidating the effects of different iron valences on microalgae is helpful for their commercial production. We investigated the growth, photosynthesis, and fatty acid profile of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultured with depleted Fe, Fe2+, Fe2+/Fe3+, and Fe3+. Samples were taken every 24 h for 8 days, and their cell density, photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence, total fatty acid content, and fatty acid composition w

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23

Hasinoff, Brian B. "Oxyradical production results from the Fe3+–doxorubicin complex undergoing self-reduction by its α-ketol group". Biochemistry and Cell Biology 68, № 12 (1990): 1331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o90-195.

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A variety of different measures have been used to compare the self-reduction of the Fe3+ complexes of doxorubicin and daunorubicin. The Fe3+ –doxorubicin complex exhibited a much faster rate of (i) O2 consumption, (ii) self-reduction under Ar to the Fe2+ complex, (iii) aerobic reduction of ferricytochrome c, (iv) scavenging of Fe2+ by bipyridine, (v) hydroxyl radical production measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping experiments, and (vi) inactivation of the cytochrome c oxidase activity of beef heart submitochondrial particles, than did the corresponding Fe3+ –daunorubicin c

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24

Wergin, William P., P. F. Bell, and Rufus L. Chaney. "Use of SEM, X-ray analysis and TEM to localize Fe3+ reduction in roots." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 392–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100104029.

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In dicotyledons, Fe3+ must be reduced to Fe2+ before uptake and transport of this essential macronutrient can occur. Ambler et al demonstrated that reduction along the root could be observed by the formation of a stain, Prussian blue (PB), Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3 n H2O (where n = 14-16). This stain, which is an insoluble precipitate, forms at the reduction site when the nutrient solution contains Fe3+ and ferricyanide. In 1972, Chaney et al proposed a model which suggested that the Fe3+ reduction site occurred outside the cell membrane; however, no physical evidence to support the model was presented a

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Woodland, Alan B., Katrin Schumann, Laura Uenver-Thiele, et al. "Chrome incorporation in high-pressure Fe–Mg oxides." European Journal of Mineralogy 36, no. 5 (2024): 845–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-845-2024.

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Abstract. The occurrence of Cr-bearing oxide phases as inclusions in diamonds and in extraterrestrial materials has the potential to serve as an indicator of formation conditions. However, such an application requires detailed knowledge of phase stabilities and the influence that Cr may have on its stability. To this end, the incorporation of Cr in high-pressure post-spinel Fe–Mg oxide phases was experimentally investigated at pressures of 14–22 GPa and temperatures between 1100 and 1600 °C using a multi-anvil press. We find that neither the Fe3Cr2O6 nor the Mg3Cr2O6 endmember composition is s

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McGuire, Anne V., and M. Darby Dyar. "Characterization of cation oxidation states in geologic materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1742–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133345.

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One shortfall of electron microprobe analysis is the inability of x-ray spectroscopic methods to distinguish multiple valence states of atoms. In geologic materials, many elements (eg. Fe, Ti, Cr, Mn, Cu, Eu) may exhibit multiple valence states and their quantitative analysis can be important in solving geologic problems. For instance, Fe2+/Fe3+ ratios in minerals may be useful in determining the oxygen fugacities in which rocks equilibrated. In the past, wet chemical methods were generally used to analyze mineral compositions and Fe2+/Fe3+ ratios were routinely determined. The advent of elect

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Fong, Richie, and Jinhyuk Lee. "High-Capacity Fe-Rich Disordered Rock-Salt Li-Ion Cathode Materials Achieved via Redox Engineering." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 7 (2024): 999. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-027999mtgabs.

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The quest for sustainable and cost-effective energy storage solutions has led to the exploration of iron (Fe)-rich disordered rock-salt (DRX) cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).[1-3] This study presents an approach to redox engineering in Fe-rich DRX cathodes, demonstrating the reversible Fe2+/Fe3+ redox in a Fe2+-based DRX cathode.[3] The innovative design minimizes reliance on oxygen (O) redox, yielding a high capacity of approximately 290 mAh/g and an energy density of about 700 Wh/kg. These figures surpass the performance of Fe3+-based DRX cathodes, which operate on limited

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Oh, Wen-Da, Yeek-Chia Ho, Mardawani Mohamad, Chii-Dong Ho, Rajiv Ravi, and Jun-Wei Lim. "Systematic Performance Comparison of Fe3+/Fe0/Peroxymonosulfate and Fe3+/Fe0/Peroxydisulfate Systems for Organics Removal." Materials 14, no. 18 (2021): 5284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185284.

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Activated zero-valent iron (Ac-ZVI) coupled with Fe3+ was employed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) for acid orange 7 (AO7) removal. Fe3+ was used to promote Fe2+ liberation from Ac-ZVI as an active species for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The factors affecting AO7 degradation, namely, the Ac-ZVI:Fe3+ ratio, PMS/PDS dosage, and pH, were compared. In both PMS and PDS systems, the AO7 degradation rate increased gradually with increasing Fe3+ concentration at fixed Ac-ZVI loading due to the Fe3+-promoted liberation of Fe2+ from Ac-ZVI. The AO7 degradation

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Trincal, Vincent, and Pierre Lanari. "Al-free di-trioctahedral substitution in chlorite and a ferri-sudoite end-member." Clay Minerals 51, no. 4 (2016): 675–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2016.051.4.09.

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AbstractA compilation of Fe3+-bearing chlorite analyses is used: (1) to investigate the Alfree di-trioctahedral (AFDT) substitution 2Fe3++□= 3(Mg,Fe2+) in chlorite; and (2) to estimate the composition of a ferri-sudoite end-member (Si3Al)[(Fe2+,Mg)2□Al]O10(OH)8within the chlorite solid-solution domain. According to our observations, up to two Fe3+cations might be allocated in the M2-M3 chlorite sites by the substitution AFDT, which does not involve Al. These unexpected observations were made possible by the development of μXANES techniques allowingin situmeasurements ofXFe3+(Fe3+/(Fe2++ Fe3+))

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Mažeika, Kęstutis, Vytautas Melvydas, and Dovilė Čepukoit. "Reduction of Ferric Chloride in Yeast Growth Media, by Sugars and Aluminum." Inorganics 12, no. 5 (2024): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12050137.

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Iron compounds can be used in antimicrobial applications by exploiting the toxicity of divalent iron to living organisms due to the Fenton reaction. In this study, the growth inhibitory effects of ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2O and ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O were observed on Metschnikowia clade and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. The relatively high amount of reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ in the growth medium determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy may contribute to the antimicrobial activity of ferric chloride. In order to test the reducing ability of sugars in the growth media of yeasts, the reaction

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Pal, Tapan, Hi-Soo Moon, and Sachinath Mitra. "Distribution of Iron Cations in Natural Chromites at Different Stages of Oxidatio - A57Fe Mossbauer Investigation." Journal Geological Society of India 44, no. 1 (1994): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1994/440105.

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Abstract 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopic investigation of natural chromites from two chromite deposits of India (Sukinda and Byrapur) documents partly inverse spinel structure arising out of oxidation. The spectral fitting was based on allowing a disordering distribution of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions at tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites. Mossbauer investigation of the samples taken from the physico-chemically distinct two horizons of Sukinda viz. brown are and grey ores, and Byrapur area revealed three types of iron ion distribution as: Fe2+(A), Fe3+(A) and Fe2+(B) (GC-group); (b) Fe3+(A1), Fe3+(A

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Graf, H., V. Reichenbach, and B. Beyme. "Oxidation of Structural Ferrous Iron in Vermiculites: I. Oxidation by Fe3+." Clay Minerals 23, no. 3 (1988): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1988.023.3.03.

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AbstractVermiculite prepared from biotite by interlayer cation exchange was reacted with solutions exhibiting redox potentials between 625 and 765 mV. The redox potential was controlled by the Fe2+/Fe3+ activity ratio, measured with a Pt electrode, and kept constant by addition of hydrogen peroxide to balance electron transfer from structural Fe2+ to Fe3+ in solution. Oxidation of structural Fe2+ was followed by Eh-stat titration and the rate of oxidation was shown to depend on the amount of Fe3+ penetrating into interlayer positions. Consequently, it was affected not only by the redox potenti

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De, Rajib Lai, and Heinrich Vahrenkamp. "Synthesen neuer Fe–P-Käfigverbindungen / Syntheses of New Fe–P Cage Compounds." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 41, no. 3 (1986): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1986-0302.

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Four reaction types were used with the aim of obtaining new cage compounds of composition Fex(CO)y(PR)z- with R = Me, Ph, Tol: oxidation of the compounds Fe2(CO)6(PHR)2, photolysis thereof, reaction between RPCF and Fe2(CO)82- . and reaction between P-Cl containing iron complexes and Fe(CO)42_. Besides several known products, e.g. Fe3(CO)9(PR)2 or Fe4(CO)11(PR)2, and derivatives of the Fe2(CO)6(PRX)2 butterfly type complexes, the new octabisvalene shaped compounds Fe4(CO)2(PR)4 with R = Me, Ph, Tol were obtained and confirmed by a crystal structure analysis for R = Me, Side products of the oxi

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34

Nasuha, Norhaslinda, and B. H. Hameed. "Effects of Substituted Transition Metals (Me:Cr³⁺, Mn³⁺, Fe³⁺ and Mo) on the Fe²⁺/Modified Silica in the Oxidative Degradation of Reactive Black 5." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.531.

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The Fe2+/modified silica catalysts have been substituted with four types of transition metals such as Fe3+, Cr3+, Mn3+ and Mo. The catalytic activity of these catalysts has been tested for the oxidative degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) at 30°C and pH 4.5. The substituted Fe2+/modified silica with Fe3+ (Fe2+:Fe3+/ m-SiO2) exhibited the highest catalytic performance compared to others transition metals by degrading the RB5 nearly to 95%. This catalyst possessed on high stability by maintaining its performance during the three successive cycles of reaction. These findings can be ascribed to

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Weaver, J., H. Zhan, and S. Pollack. "Mitochondria have Fe(III) receptors." Biochemical Journal 265, no. 2 (1990): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2650415.

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Recent work has provided new evidence that ATP is the major constituent of the low-Mr iron pool in the reticulocyte. The interaction of the iron complex of ATP with mitochondria was investigated in the present experiments. When ATP-Fe3+ was incubated with mitochondria, Fe3+, free of ATP, bound with high affinity to Fe3+ receptors on the mitochondria. The binding was saturable and reversible. Iron which was complexed to PPi, nitrilotriacetate, citrate, ADP and GTP also showed saturable binding to mitochondria; Fe3+ complexed to AMP bound non-specifically, as did Fe2+/ascorbate complexed to AMP

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Yang, Fan, Ming-ming Wang, Zhan-fang Cao, et al. "Leaching of galena by regenerated ferric ion (Fe3+) via electro-oxidation." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 3 (2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2018108.

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In this paper, a cycle of Fe3+ electro-oxidation regeneration and galena leaching with regenerated Fe3+ has been established. The whole investigation can be divided into three parts, respectively. Fe3+ regeneration, galena leaching with regenerated Fe3+, and the cycle of the two processes. In the first part, the relationship between the relevant parameters and Fe3+ regeneration was investigated, and it has been revealed that the increases of anodic current density, Cl− concentration and H+ concentration are beneficial to the Fe3+ regeneration. With 95.5% Fe3+ regeneration acquired, the appropr

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Hassan, Kamaledin. "Characterization of granites by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy." Mineralogia 40, no. 1-4 (2009): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10002-009-0008-x.

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Characterization of granites by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopyTwo granite complexes in Egypt, a sodic type and an aluminous type are characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Mössbauer spectra (MS) of the sodic granite show a major doublet of ferric (Fe3+) iron that is attributable to octahedral coordination (M1) sites plus/minus a tetrahedron Fe3+ doublet plus/minus a doublet of ferrous (Fe2+) iron on the M1 sites plus/ minus another Fe2+ (M1) doublet and a sextet of Fe3+. The sextet is attributed to α-Fe2O3 (hematite) and the other Fe components are due to NaCaFeSi2O6 (aegirine-augite) plus/minu

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Surma, M., M. Godlewski, and T. P. Surkova. "Fe2+→ Fe3+Ionization Transition in ZnSe." Acta Physica Polonica A 84, no. 3 (1993): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.84.547.

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Gulcin, İlhami, and Saleh H. Alwasel. "Fe3+ Reducing Power as the Most Common Assay for Understanding the Biological Functions of Antioxidants." Processes 13, no. 5 (2025): 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051296.

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Antioxidants counteract the harmful effects of free radicals on metabolism and prevent fatty food degradation during processing and storage. The Fe3+-reducing assay, based on reduction of ferric ions (Fe3+) to ferrous ions (Fe2+) in the presence of antioxidants acting as reducing agents, is widely recognized and used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of various biological samples, including plant extracts, food, beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ is also crucial in biogeochemical cycling, microbial metabolism, and industrial applications. This review comprehensively d

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Xie, Hai Yun, Qun Jie Ye, Xiong Tong, Li Kun Gao, and Ji Xing Liu. "Kinetics of Fe²⁺ Oxidization at Different Initial Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ Concentration in the Presence of Moderate Thermophilic Bacteria." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1549.

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In the bacterial leaching, the oxidation of Fe2+ is very important process. According to the results of this paper, Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentration effect on the growth of moderate thermophile. The optimum conditions for growth of moderate thermophile are the initial concentration of Fe2+ at 0.16mol/l. It indicates the existence of the optimum conditions including initial concentrations of Fe2+ and Fe3+ for the bio-oxidation Fe2+. To increase the initial concentration of Fe3+ can enhance the oxidation rate of Fe2+. The dynamic model of the moderate thermophile oxidation Fe2+ has been established b

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Wu, Xi Qing, Ping Wei Yang, Zheng Cheng, and Liang Dai. "Surface Magnetization of Hematite by Metal Ions." Advanced Materials Research 785-786 (September 2013): 1104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.785-786.1104.

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In an open hematite pulp with Fe2+ or Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+, the surface magnetization of mineral hematite was accomplished by mechanical stirring. The both systems of Fe2+ or Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ magnetized the hematite surface to improve the recovery of hematite by magnetic separation. In the presence of Fe2+, the recovery of hematite increased from 69.0% to 85.7% after magnetization when the pulp temperature was 65°C, the concentration of Fe2+ 1.8x10-2mol/L, the concentration of OH- 0.1mol/L, the stirring speed 400r/min and the reaction time 5min respectively, and the saturation magnetization

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Harahuc, Lesia, and Isamu Suzuki. "Sulfite oxidation by iron-grown cells ofThiobacillus ferrooxidansat pH 3 possibly involves free radicals, iron, and cytochrome oxidase." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, no. 5 (2001): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w01-024.

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Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cells grown on ferrous iron oxidized sulfite to sulfate at pH 3, possibly by a free radical mechanism involving iron and cytochrome oxidase. A purely chemical system with low concentrations of Fe3+simulated the T. ferrooxidans system. Metal chelators, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 4,5-dihydroxy-1-3-benzene disulfonic acid (Tiron), o-phenanthroline, and 2,2'-dipyridyl, inhibited both sulfite oxidation systems, but the T. ferrooxidans system was inhibited only after the initial brief oxygen consumption. EDTA and Tiron, strong chelators of Fe3+, inhibited the

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Lussier, A. J., P. M. Aguiar, V. K. Michaelis, et al. "Mushroom elbaite from the Kat Chay mine, Momeik, near Mogok, Myanmar: I. Crystal chemistry by SREF, EMPA, MAS NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy." Mineralogical Magazine 72, no. 3 (2008): 747–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.3.747.

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AbstractTourmaline from the Kat Chay mine, Momeik, near Mogok, Shan state, Myanmar, shows a variety of habits that resemble mushrooms, and it is commonly referred to as ‘mushroom tourmaline'. The structure of nine single crystals of elbaite, ranging in colour from pink to white to black and purple, extracted from two samples of mushroom tourmaline from Mogok, have been refined (SREF) to R indices of ~2.5% using graphite-monochromated Mo-Kα X-radiation. 11B and 27Al Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy shows the presence of [4]B and the absence of [4]Al in samples with t

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Zhang, Du, Wang, Zhao, and Zhou. "Determination of Iron Valence States Around Pits and the Influence of Fe3+ on the Pitting Corrosion of 304 Stainless Steel." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030726.

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Potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide were used to observe and monitor the pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel (SS) at anodic polarization in situ. The results show that there are Fe3+ ions around the corrosion pit when pitting occurs on 304 SS in NaCl aqueous solution. The effect of Fe3+ surrounded pits on the pitting corrosion was also studied by testing the electrochemical behavior of 304 SS in different Fe3+/Fe2+ solutions. The presence of Fe3+ leads to the positive shift of corrosion potential and the increase of corrosion rate of 304 SS. There are two possible reasons fo

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McGuire, Anne V., M. Darby Dyar, and Kathleen A. Ward. "Neglected Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios—A study of Fe3+ content of megacrysts from alkali basalts." Geology 17, no. 8 (1989): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0687:nffras>2.3.co;2.

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González-Paz, José Roberto, María del Carmen Monterrubio–Badillo, Alberto Ordaz, E. Inés García-Peña, and Claudia Guerrero-Barajas. "Influence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ on the Performance and Microbial Community Composition of a MFC Inoculated with Sulfate-Reducing Sludge and Acetate as Electron Donor." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (April 23, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5685178.

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A sulfidogenic sludge supplemented with acetate was evaluated in the anodic chamber of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in the presence of sulfate (SO4-2)/Fe3+ and sulfate (SO4-2)/Fe2+ to investigate the MFC performance and the effect of the iron ions on the composition of the microbial community since sulfate and iron ions are frequently present in wastewater derived from several anthropogenic activities. The current densities were up to 0.025 mA/cm2 and 0.017 mA/cm2 for MFCs with Fe2+ and Fe3+, respectively. Accordingly, the redox activity was slightly higher in the presence of Fe2+ than Fe3+. In

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47

Chávez Rivas, Fernando, Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga, Gloria Berlier, Daria Tito Ferro, Beatriz Concepción-Rosabal, and Vitalii Petranovskii. "Fe Speciation in Iron Modified Natural Zeolites as Sustainable Environmental Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 10 (2019): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9100866.

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Natural purified mordenite from Palmarito de Cauto (ZP) deposit, Cuba, was subjected to a hydrothermal ion exchange process in acid medium with Fe2+ or Fe3+ salts (Fe2+ZP and Fe3+ZP). The set of samples was characterized regarding their textural properties, morphology, and crystallinity, and tested in the NO reduction with CO/C3H6. Infrared spectroscopy coupled with NO as a probe molecule was used to give a qualitative description of the Fe species’ nature and distribution. The exchange process caused an increase in the iron loading of the samples and a redistribution, resulting in more disper

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Kaneda, Kiyotomi, Kengo Morioka, and Toshinobu Imanaka. "Selective Generation of Fe1, Fe3, and Fe4 Carbonyl Anions in Aminated Polystyrenes." Macromolecules 28, no. 4 (1995): 876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00108a012.

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Hamdan, lmad I., and Motasem Taha. "Spectrophotometric and Conductometric Study of the Complexation of Ranitidine to Fez+, Fe3+, Al*, Mg*+, Cu", Ni2+ and PtP+ Metal Ions: Pharmaceutical Implications." Scientia Pharmaceutica 68, no. 4 (2000): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-00-33.

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Complexation properties of ranitidine (Ran) with Fe2+, Fe3+, A13+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+ were studied using UV/V|S spectroscopy and conductometric titrations respectively. Ranitidine was found to form 1:1 complexes in methanol or aqueous buffer (pH 6.5) with all cations except magnesium. In case of Fe3+ complexes of the formula [(Fe3+)2Ran] were evident.

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Abeish, Abdulbasit M., H. Ming Ang, and Hussein Znad. "Role of ferric and ferrous ions in the enhancement of the heterogeneous solar photocatalytic degradation of combined mixture of chlorophenols." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 9 (2015): 1561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.374.

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The solar photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was investigated individually and combined in the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. The results revealed that both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions enhanced the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation. Fe3+ ions rapidly converted to Fe2+ ions as soon as the irradiation started. The intermediates formed during the degradation of 4-CP/2,4-DCP were also monitored and identified. Three main intermediates were observed, hydroquinone, phenol, and 4-chlorocatechol with traces of benzoquinone. The results support a new tre

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