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Journal articles on the topic 'Featured context free language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Ryan, James, Andrew Fisher, Taylor Owen-Milner, Michael Mateas, and Noah Wardrip-Fruin. "Toward Natural Language Generation by Humans." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 11, no. 4 (2021): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v11i4.12840.

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Natural language generation (NLG) has been featured in at most a handful of shipped games and interactive stories. This is certainly due to it being a very specialized practice, but another contributing factor is that the state of the art today, in terms of content quality, is simply inadequate. The major benefits of NLG are its alleviation of authorial burden and the capability it gives to a system of generating state-bespoke content, but we believe we can have these benefits without actually employing a full NLG pipeline. In this paper, we present the preliminary design of Expressionist, an

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OKUBO, FUMIYA, and TAKASHI YOKOMORI. "MORPHIC CHARACTERIZATIONS OF LANGUAGE FAMILIES IN TERMS OF INSERTION SYSTEMS AND STAR LANGUAGES." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 22, no. 01 (2011): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012905411100799x.

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Insertion systems have a unique feature in that only string insertions are allowed, which is in marked contrast to a variety of the conventional computing devices based on string rewriting. This paper will mainly focus on those systems whose insertion operations are performed in a context-free fashion, called context-free insertion systems, and obtain several characterizations of language families with the help of other primitive languages (like star languages) as well as simple operations (like projections, weak-codings). For each k ≥ 1, a language L is a k-star language if L = F+ for some fi

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Ahyar, Juni, Mohd Yusri Ibrahim, and Muzir Husin. "First Language Contribution to Second Language Learning and Foreign Language Development In The Town of Lhokseumawe." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 4, no. 12 (2023): 1279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v4i12.949.

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Teachers recognize that different language teaching methods are appropriate for different situations. The social context and desire of immigrant adults to learn English as a Second Language (ESL) requires that the educational approach be different from that of other students. who must pass the school exams. SFL's contributions to language teaching focus on providing descriptions of the language as it is actually used and suggesting ways to help learners understand its usage. In other words, they tend to focus on the expected learning outcome rather than the learning process. This helps researc

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Zhang, Junbo, Guofan Fan, Guanghan Wang, Zhengyuan Su, Kaisheng Ma, and Li Yi. "Language-Assisted 3D Feature Learning for Semantic Scene Understanding." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 3 (2023): 3445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i3.25453.

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Learning descriptive 3D features is crucial for understanding 3D scenes with diverse objects and complex structures. However, it is usually unknown whether important geometric attributes and scene context obtain enough emphasis in an end-to-end trained 3D scene understanding network. To guide 3D feature learning toward important geometric attributes and scene context, we explore the help of textual scene descriptions. Given some free-form descriptions paired with 3D scenes, we extract the knowledge regarding the object relationships and object attributes. We then inject the knowledge to 3D fea

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Glas, Ludivine, Caroline Rossi, Rim Hamdi-Sultan, Cédric Batailler, and Hacene Bellemmouche. "Activity types and child-directed speech: a comparison between French, Tunisian Arabic and English." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 63, no. 4 (2018): 633–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2018.20.

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AbstractQuantity and quality of input affect language development, but input features also depend on the context of language emission. Previous research has described mother-child interactions and their impact on language development according to activity types like mealtimes, book reading, and free play. Nevertheless, few studies have sought to quantify activity types in naturalistic datasets including less-studied languages and cultures. Our research questions are the following: we ask whether regularities emerge in the distribution of activity types across languages and recordings, and whet

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McCarthy, Brian. "Pitch features of classroom French intonation." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 11, no. 1 (1988): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.11.1.07mcc.

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Abstract Using fundamental frequency measurements taken from mingograph traces, the direction and range of pitch movements were studied in a series of utterances produced by native speakers of French and by a group of (near-) beginner students of that language. Results were also compared to the Delattre models for major and minor continuation and finality. Analysis of the native speakers allows us to determine the extent to which the pattern of pitch movement is a function of the speaking context. It is then possible to see additional differences occurring when the task is performed by foreign

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Dovhopolova, Hanna, Yana Glyva, and Victoriya Myshakova. "A NEW PARADIGM OF ADULT EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS’ ADVANCED TRAINING AT A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION." Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології, no. 7(101) (September 28, 2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24139/2312-5993/2020.07/064-073.

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Areas and approaches to professional foreign language teachers’ development at higher education institutions are discussed in this article. Teaching foreign languages requires from teachers not only the methodological and pedagogical competences development, but also constant work aimed at maintaining the required level of foreign language proficiency. Maintaining language competence requires systematic learning of language skills (pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar) and aspects of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading and writing), which puts the teacher in need of interaction with na

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Alazzawie, Abdulkhaliq. "The Linguistic and Situational Features of WhatsApp Messages Among High School and University Canadian Students." SAGE Open 12, no. 1 (2022): 215824402210821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221082124.

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WhatsApp messages can be such a rich source for creative and spontaneous language geared toward more individual expression. WhatsApping provides us with a unique view into language and is an interesting prototype for thinking about language use, the various functions of this variety and how it is used to render different kinds of meanings. This study aims to explore the linguistic features of text messaging’s communicative intent, content and context. Selected samples of messages were drawn from a high school student population in Canada who provided a corpus of 100 different texts already sen

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Čupković, Gordana. "Free Relative Clauses in Croatian Glagolitic Folk Medicine Books." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 68, no. 4 (2023): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0031.

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Summary The paper examines semantic features and functions of free relative clauses with pronominal relativizers, represented in the Croatian Glagolitic folk medicine books from the 14th, 15th and 18th centuries. Prediction, projection and topicality are singled out as central conceptual and functional features of the expressions studied. The examples are interpreted from the aspect of construction grammar and the pragmatic aspect, and therefore a schematic representation of mental spaces forming the basis for the selected relative clauses has been constructed using the methodology presented i

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Davtian, Stepan, and Tatyana Chernigovskaya. "Psychiatry in free fall: In pursuit of a semiotic foothold." Sign Systems Studies 31, no. 2 (2003): 533–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2003.31.2.13.

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Diagnostics of a mental disorder completely bases on an estimation of patient’s behaviour, verbal behaviour being the most important. The behaviour, in turn, is ruled by a situation expressed as a system of signs. Perception of a situation could be seen as a function, which depends on the context resulting from the previous situations, structuring personal world. So the world is not given — it is being formed while the person is in action. We argue that distinctive features of behaviour, including its abnormal variants, can be explained not in categories of characters and diseases but in terms

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Rajović, Jelena, and Marija Vešović. "Free direct and free indirect speech in the novel 'De bello civili' by Svetislav Basara and their translation equivalents in English." Bastina, no. 56 (2022): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-34180.

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Most of the research studies on the translation equivalents of the direct and indirect speech were dealing with translations from English to Serbian language. In this paper, we investigate whether structural and/or stylistic movements occur when the free direct and free indirect speech (and their subtypes) are translated from Serbian language to English language. Novel De bello civili by Svetislav Basara is used as a research corpus. Almost all types of direct and indirect speech are present in the novel. Events in the novel take place very quickly, since the plot of the novel takes place in o

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Chaursiya, Krishan. "Laryngeal Markedness in Chhatthare Limbu: An Optimality Theoretic Analysis." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 01 (2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2023.v01i01.004.

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This paper looks at the laryngeal contrast in Chhatthare Limbu and formalises the phonological effects through an optimality theoretic analysis. It discusses the underlying laryngeal feature specification in the language and how it fares with the constraint ranking in the language. The analysis shows that while the voicing and aspiration contrasts are available in the language, the context sensitive markedness and faithfulness constraints inhibit the free occurrence of these contrasts.

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Katz, Michael, Parikshit Ram, Shirin Sohrabi, and Octavian Udrea. "Exploring Context-Free Languages via Planning: The Case for Automating Machine Learning." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 30 (June 1, 2020): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v30i1.6686.

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While Machine Learning has achieved considerable success in recent years, this success crucially relies on human experts to select appropriate features, workflows, algorithms with their hyper-parameters, etc. Automating the role of the human expert has seen some attention from the Machine Learning community, with a dedicated workshop running since 2014 at one of the top Machine Learning conferences. % In this work, we propose to exploit multiple AI Planning tools for automating the human expert, generating Machine Learning pipelines automatically. We start from a knowledge about possible valid

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Volkova, Irina D. "Interlingual adaptation in the context of literary translation linguacreativity." CURRENT ISSUES IN PHILOLOGY AND PEDAGOGICAL LINGUISTICS, no. 2 (June 25, 2025): 146–56. https://doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2025-2-146-156.

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This article studies the examples of free rendering of original texts described in the history of translation. The main motive of such rendering can be noted as the intention of a translator to appropriate the work, to become its co-author and integrate it into the target culture. The aim of this study is to consider the interlingual adaptation of foreign works as a factor of performing free translation. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the problems of multifactorial determination of free translation are poorly studied in the diachronic perspective and require, in particular,

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Horswill, Ian. "Step: A Highly Expressive Text Generation Language." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 18, no. 1 (2022): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v18i1.21969.

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Games often generate text from human-authored templates and adapt that text to relevant context. Many systems have been developed to aid this process using tech-niques such as context-free grammars, randomization, logic programming, global state, and HTN planning. In this paper, I present Step, a novel programming language for text generation. So far as I can determine, previous techniques can all be implemented within Step using a few lines of code. This allows designers to mix-and-match features as needed, without having to write an interpreter for a new language. While extremely expressive

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Nieuwland, Mante S., and Jos J. A. Van Berkum. "When Peanuts Fall in Love: N400 Evidence for the Power of Discourse." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, no. 7 (2006): 1098–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2006.18.7.1098.

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In linguistic theories of how sentences encode meaning, a distinction is often made between the context-free rule-based combination of lexical-semantic features of the words within a sentence (“semantics”), and the contributions made by wider context (“pragmatics”). In psycholinguistics, this distinction has led to the view that listeners initially compute a local, context-independent meaning of a phrase or sentence before relating it to the wider context. An important aspect of such a two-step perspective on interpretation is that local semantics cannot initially be overruled by global contex

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Fraser, Alexander, Helmut Schmid, Richárd Farkas, Renjing Wang, and Hinrich Schütze. "Knowledge Sources for Constituent Parsing of German, a Morphologically Rich and Less-Configurational Language." Computational Linguistics 39, no. 1 (2013): 57–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00135.

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We study constituent parsing of German, a morphologically rich and less-configurational language. We use a probabilistic context-free grammar treebank grammar that has been adapted to the morphologically rich properties of German by markovization and special features added to its productions. We evaluate the impact of adding lexical knowledge. Then we examine both monolingual and bilingual approaches to parse reranking. Our reranking parser is the new state of the art in constituency parsing of the TIGER Treebank. We perform an analysis, concluding with lessons learned, which apply to parsing

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Indrawati, Indrawati, Sri Samiati Tarjana, and Joko Nurkamto. "Globalization and Language Hegemony." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 2 (2019): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.42261.

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In view of the cultural aspect, the national identity of Indonesia is the manifestation of cultural values that develop in all aspects of life with unique characteristics differentiating Indonesia from other countries. As a pluralistic country, Indonesia has 34 provinces with more than 16.000 islands of varied cultures. All of which have the power to integrate or disintegrate Indonesia’s national unity. Inevitably, the world is changing in a process of globalization toward creating a new borderless big village with consequences 1) less government power; 2) liberalism; 3) free market economy; 4

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Wagenpfeil, Stefan, Paul Mc Kevitt, and Matthias Hemmje. "Towards Automated Semantic Explainability of Multimedia Feature Graphs." Information 12, no. 12 (2021): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12120502.

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Multimedia feature graphs are employed to represent features of images, video, audio, or text. Various techniques exist to extract such features from multimedia objects. In this paper, we describe the extension of such a feature graph to represent the meaning of such multimedia features and introduce a formal context-free PS-grammar (Phrase Structure grammar) to automatically generate human-understandable natural language expressions based on such features. To achieve this, we define a semantic extension to syntactic multimedia feature graphs and introduce a set of production rules for phrases

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Gierut, Judith A. "Categorization and feature specification in phonological acquisition." Journal of Child Language 23, no. 2 (1996): 397–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900008850.

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ABSTRACTDistinctive feature specification and representation in phonological acquisition are examined in the context of underspecification theory. Subjects were 30 children (aged 3;1 to 5;10) who exhibited systematic differences in their linguistic knowledge of target phonological contrasts. A free classification task was used to tap children's conceptual knowledge of these contrasts, with features of place and manner experimentally manipulated. Three questions were addressed: which features do children use to categorize segmentai information, do the defining features of a category shift as th

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Katyayan, Pragya, and Nisheeth Joshi. "Development of Automatic Rule-based Semantic Tagger and Karaka Analyzer for Hindi." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 2 (2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3479155.

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Hindi is the third most-spoken language in the world (615 million speakers) and has the fourth highest native speakers (341 million). It is an inflectionally rich and relatively free word-order language with an immense vocabulary set. Despite being such a celebrated language across the globe, very few Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications and tools have been developed to support it computationally. Moreover, most of the existing ones are not efficient enough due to the lack of semantic information (or contextual knowledge). Hindi grammar is based on Paninian grammar and derives most o

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Khachidze, Manana, Magda Tsintsadze, and Maia Archuadze. "Natural Language Processing Based Instrument for Classification of Free Text Medical Records." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8313454.

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According to the Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia a new health management system has to be introduced in the nearest future. In this context arises the problem of structuring and classifying documents containing all the history of medical services provided. The present work introduces the instrument for classification of medical records based on the Georgian language. It is the first attempt of such classification of the Georgian language based medical records. On the whole 24.855 examination records have been studied. The documents were classified into three main groups

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Hadji-Bandalac, Mariana. "THE FEATURES OF AESTHETIC EDUCATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL LANGUAGE OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS." Journal of Social Sciences VI, no. 4 (2024): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).10.

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This work emphasizes some theoretical and practical provisions of aesthetic education, which have an important role in the development of visual language of architecture students. The principle of integrating scientific knowledge and creative skills ensures the success of the architecture student, valuing language as a tool used in free expression. One of the solutions refers to the analysis of the architectural context and project development based on visual language skills, and brainstorming, an idea-generating activity, can be taken as a method. Another solution would be to encourage studen

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Pogrebnaja, Yana. "Translation of the fairy tale by Lewis Carroll "Alice in Wonderland" ("Anya in Wonderland") in the context of V.V. Nabokov." KANT Social Sciences & Humanities, no. 7 (July 2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2305-8757.2021-7.4.

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Nabokov's translation of L. Carroll's fairy tale "Alice in Wonderland" is analyzed in the article in two aspects: in the context of the meaning of the translation made at the early stage of Nabokov's creative evolution, in the writer's work, as well as in the aspect of translation features aimed at russifying the original, which make it possible to identify the translation as free. Through a comparative analysis of the translated work "Anya in Wonderland" with later Russian-language novels ("Invitation to Execution", "Gift"), as well as the writer's English-language works ("Lolita", "Ada"), th

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Bakti, Mária, and Judit Bóna. "Source language-related erroneous stress placement in the target language output of simultaneous interpreters." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 16, no. 1 (2014): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.16.1.03bak.

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Erroneous stress placement (ESP) in the target language is one of the salient suprasegmental features of simultaneously interpreted texts. This paper investigates the phenomenon in simultaneous interpretation from English, a free stress language, into Hungarian, a fixed stress language, the aim being to ascertain whether ESPs are related to source language features. Analysis of an experimental corpus collected for an earlier study (Bóna & Bakti 2009) made it possible to identify 122 ESPs, divided into two categories: (a) related to source language features; (b) others. These categories wer

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Shrinath, Pai. "Humane AI Pin: A Wearable Device for Context-Aware and Screen-Free Personal Computing." Humane AI Pin: A Wearable Device for Context-Aware and Screen-Free Personal Computing 8, no. 12 (2023): 6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375265.

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The Humane AI Pin is a wearable device that can be clipped to a shirt or blouse, and is designed to be an alternative to smartphones. It can take photos, send texts, and project a visual interface onto a person’s palm using a laser. It also comes with a virtual assistant that can perform tasks such as web searches and object  identification. The device is powered by OpenAI’s GPT- 4, which allows it to offer features such as contextual  computing. The proposed journal paper titled “Humane AI Pin - A Wearable Device for Context-Aware and Screen-Free Personal Computing

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Zaidi, Rahat, Robin Metcalfe, and Bonny Norton. "Dual Language Books Go Digital: Storybooks Canada in French Immersion Schools and Homes." Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 25, no. 1 (2022): 64–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37213/cjal.2022.31626.

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In response to Canada’s growing ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity, educators in French immersion classrooms are increasingly responding with enhanced cross-linguistic initiatives, and dual language books are promising resources in the promotion of multilingualism (Zaidi, 2020; Zaidi & Dooley, 2021). This paper details a research project we completed in a 2019 classroom-based qualitative case study in a French immersion school experiencing an increasing enrollment of linguistically diverse students. The researchers sought to determine if Storybooks Canada, a free digital platform w

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Maremukova, E. V. "GRAMMATICALISATION OF NATIONAL-SPECIFIC INFORMATION THROUGH FUNCTIONAL WORDS IN DIFFERENTLY STRUCTURED LANGUAGES." Memoirs of NovSU, no. 1 (2025): 199–208. https://doi.org/10.34680/2411-7951.2025.1(56).199-208.

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The paper presents a comparative study of grammatical explication of nationally specific information through functional words in languages of different structures. Based on the empirical material of the Kabardian, Russian and English languages, the work of national thinking in the process of linguistic objectification of culturally significant information, in particular, the use of functional parts of speech by speakers of not closely related languages as a means of grammaticalization of information about the surrounding reality, is analyzed. The universal and culture-bound features of the g

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Tomuro, Noriko, and Steven L. Lytinen. "Nonminimal Derivations in Unification-based Parsing." Computational Linguistics 27, no. 2 (2001): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120101750300535.

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Shieber's abstract parsing algorithm (Shieber 1992) for unification grammars is an extension of Earley's algorithm (Earley 1970) for context-free grammars to feature structures. In this paper, we show that, under certain conditions, Shieber's algorithm produces what we call a nonminimal derivation: a parse tree which contains additional features that are not in the licensing productions. While Shieber's definition of parse tree allows for such nonminimal derivations, we claim that they should be viewed as invalid. We describe the sources of the nonminimal derivation problem, and propose a prec

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Dal Bianco, Pedro, Gastón Ríos, Waldo Hasperué, Oscar Stanchi, Facundo Quiroga, and Franco Ronchetti. "Study on pose-based deep learning models for gloss-free Sign Language Translation." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 24, no. 2 (2024): e09. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.24.e09.

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Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a challenging task due to its cross-domain nature, different grammars and lack of data. Currently, many SLT models rely on intermediate gloss annotations as outputs or latent priors. Glosses can help models to correctly segment and align signs to better understand the video. How- ever, the use of glosses comes with significant limitations, since obtaining annotations is quite difficult. Therefore, scaling gloss-based models to millions of samples remains impractical, specially considering the scarcity of sign language datasets. In a similar fashion, many mode

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Charnavel, Isabelle. "Presupposition Failure and Intended Pronominal Reference: Person Is Not So Different from Gender After All." Linguistic Inquiry 50, no. 2 (2019): 372–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00307.

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This article aims to show that (one of) the main argument(s) against the presuppositional account of person is not compelling if one makes appropriate assumptions about how the context fixes the assignment. It has been argued that unlike gender features, person features of free pronouns cannot yield presupposition failure (instead, can yield only falsity) when they are not verified by the referent. The argument is flawed, however, because the way the referent is assigned is not made clear. If it is assumed to be the individual that the audience can recognize as the referent intended by the spe

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Barkova, Anna Fedorovna, and Anastasia Eduardovna Ponagushina. "Formation of foreign language lexical skills using a picture dictionary among grade schoolers." Pedagogy. Issues of Theory and Practice 8, no. 10 (2023): 1077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/ped20230157.

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The research aims to provide a theoretical substantiation and develop a methodology for using picture dictionaries when teaching foreign language vocabulary to grade schoolers. The paper discusses the notion of a picture dictionary, the features of its application for the formation of foreign language lexical skills among grade schoolers. The novelty of the research lies in clarifying the notion of a picture dictionary and determining the criteria for selecting picture dictionaries to organise foreign language teaching for grade schoolers. As a result, the researchers have developed a set of e

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Vorobel, Mariia, Yuliia Kalymon, and Nadiya Yurko. "FEATURES OF STUDYING ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS." Grail of Science, no. 24 (February 26, 2023): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.17.02.2023.079.

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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of optimizing the methodology of teaching English to students in the field of physical culture and sports through the using of communicative methods, information and communication technologies, etc. The article proves the need for the formation of communicative and intercultural competence, which will allow the future specialists-athletes to use a foreign language in professional and social spheres taking into accountparameters necessary for free communication in the conditions of international sports professional activity. The article examines the m

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Almuhailib, Badar. "Does Gendered Language Exist in a Foreign Language Context? A Study in Written Discourse of Saudi Male and Female EFL Learners." World Journal of English Language 13, no. 3 (2023): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n3p239.

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This investigation aims to verify the hypothesis that gendered language exists in foreign language usage as manifested in the EFL learners’ writing output in a Saudi university. The motivation behind this is to, ultimately, check and weed out elements of gendered language that are early on embedded amongst the genders which, with the passage of time, lead to various biases. Though it may be utopian to think of eradicating linguistic bias, yet this study hopes to contribute meaningfully to curb it and substitute the temptation of allowing it to seep into communication, by educating and training

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Malyuga, E. N., and E. A. Alenicheva. "THE LANGUAGE GAME: SPECIFICS OF FUNCTIONING IN ENGLISH ADVERTISING TEXTS." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 2(37) (December 31, 2022): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2022.35.53.002.

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Statement of the problem. The article aims to analyze the language game techniques commonly found in English-language advertising messages from the point of view of their functional potential, aimed primarily at attracting the attention of the consumer and achieving a comic, softening and/or persuasive effect. Study material features free-access English-language advertising texts posted online, analyzed using the methods of linguistic, contextual and functional analysis, which involves studying the impact of language game means in terms of their functions in the context of advertising messages

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Buoy, Rina, Masakazu Iwamura, Sovila Srun, and Koichi Kise. "ViTSTR-Transducer: Cross-Attention-Free Vision Transformer Transducer for Scene Text Recognition." Journal of Imaging 9, no. 12 (2023): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9120276.

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Attention-based encoder–decoder scene text recognition (STR) architectures have been proven effective in recognizing text in the real world, thanks to their ability to learn an internal language model. Nevertheless, the cross-attention operation that is used to align visual and linguistic features during decoding is computationally expensive, especially in low-resource environments. To address this bottleneck, we propose a cross-attention-free STR framework that still learns a language model. The framework we propose is ViTSTR-Transducer, which draws inspiration from ViTSTR, a vision transform

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Dzaparova, Elizaveta B. "In the creative laboratory of the translator: Features of A.A. Akhmatova’s poetic translation." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 6 (November 2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.6-23.034.

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The article considers the translation activities of the famous Russian poet Anna Andreevna Akhmatova (1889–1966), for the first time her translation method is studied in solving the problems of poetic translation from the Ossetian language. The author of the article traces the ways of reflecting the author's intentions in the translation, the communicative equivalence of the source texts. It is concluded that the concept of adequate and free translation manifests itself in the transfer of poetic works of Ossetian authors. A. Akhmatova uses various translation transformations in the process of

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Yazov, Yury, Sergey Soloviev, and Mikhail Tarelkin. "Logical-Linguistic Modeling of Security Threats Information in Information Systems." Voprosy kiberbezopasnosti, no. 4(50) (2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21681/2311-3456-2022-4-13-25.

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Purpose: assessment of the possibility, definition of conditions and a brief description of the relational languages of logical-linguistic modeling for a formalized description and presentation of the processes of implementing information security threats in information systems. Method: application of the logical-linguistic modeling apparatus, which makes it possible to formally describe information security threats and a set of actions performed in the course of their implementation, taking into account the capabilities of relational description languages, such as Codd’s language, context-fre

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Dinnsen, Daniel A. "Context-sensitive underspecification and the acquisition of phonemic contrasts." Journal of Child Language 23, no. 1 (1996): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900010096.

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ABSTRACTSeveral competing proposals for the (under)specification of phonological representations are evaluated against the facts of phonemic acquisition. Longitudinal evidence relating to the emergence of a voice contrast in the well-documented study of Amahl (from age 2;2 to 3;11) is reconsidered. Neither contrastive specification nor context-free radical underspecification is capable of accounting for the facts. The problem is in the characterization of the change in the status of a feature from being noncontrastive and conditioned by context at one stage to being contrastive with phonetic e

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Didikin, Anton B. "SPEECH ACTS AND ACTIONS IN LEGAL LANGUAGE: CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS." Proceedings of the Institute of State and Law of the RAS 15, no. 1 (2020): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35427/2073-4522-2020-15-1-didikin.

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Reconsideration of legal phenomena by legal language means is a typical feature of analytical tradition in the legal philosophy, since legal regulations are expressed not only in language, but are inextricably linked with the linguistic content of rules whilst applying them. Language as a form of communication and representation of the world is a holistic and specific phenomenon, that is localized in speech acts that form subject’s intentions and his further actions. It is necessary to count the meaningful use of signs for the reality perception, that form the language. Legal reality and its l

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Jawale, Shila Sumol, and S. D. Sawarker. "Amalgamation of Embeddings With Model Explainability for Sentiment Analysis." International Journal of Applied Evolutionary Computation 13, no. 1 (2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaec.315629.

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Regarding the ubiquity of digitalization and electronic processing, an automated review processing system, also known as sentiment analysis, is crucial. There were many architectures and word embeddings employed for effective sentiment analysis. Deep learning is now-a-days becoming prominent for solving these problems as huge amounts of data get generated per second. In deep learning, word embedding acts as a feature representative and plays an important role. This paper proposed a novel deep learning architecture which represents hybrid embedding techniques that address polysemy, semantic and

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Audureau, Eric. "Grammaire Formelle, Grammaire Générative et Grammaire." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 13, no. 2 (1989): 239–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.13.2.03aud.

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In this paper I analyze the significance of two theorems of formal grammar theory for generative grammar: Peters and Ritchie's theorem about undecidability of membership for transformationnal languages and Parikh's theorem about existence of inherently ambiguous context-free languages. My analysis supports a general thesis which concerns not only the application of the whole formal grammar theory to generative grammar, but any application of mathematics to grammar. This thesis is the following: one cannot expect that mathematics helps to discover any deep and interesting property of human lang

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Kudzoeva, Anjela Fedorovna, and Zalina Nokhovna Malieva. "Functional homonymy and punctuation problems in the modern Ossetian language." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, no. 9 (2023): 2696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230421.

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The paper is devoted to the study of the relationship between the phenomenon of functional homonymy and punctuation of a simple expanded sentence in the modern Ossetian language. The aim of the research is to identify the conditions for the functioning of positionally free particles in the role of actualisers of shades of meaning, sentence members or parenthetical words and the grounds for their separation with punctuation marks / lack thereof. The research is novel in that it is the first in Ossetian studies to carry out a functional analysis of a group of semantically heterogeneous particles

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Green, Spence, Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, and Christopher D. Manning. "Parsing Models for Identifying Multiword Expressions." Computational Linguistics 39, no. 1 (2013): 195–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00139.

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Multiword expressions lie at the syntax/semantics interface and have motivated alternative theories of syntax like Construction Grammar. Until now, however, syntactic analysis and multiword expression identification have been modeled separately in natural language processing. We develop two structured prediction models for joint parsing and multiword expression identification. The first is based on context-free grammars and the second uses tree substitution grammars, a formalism that can store larger syntactic fragments. Our experiments show that both models can identify multiword expressions

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Carvalho, Isabela Dambiski Gomes de, Bruno de Oliveira Maciel, Kassyane Nunes da Silva, et al. "Digital transformation 4.0: analysis of the main robotic process automation (RPA) tools." CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES 18, no. 1 (2025): e14429. https://doi.org/10.55905/revconv.18n.1-106.

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In the context of Digital Transformation and Industry 4.0, various enabling technologies stand out, with RPA (Robotic Process Automation) being one of them. This article aims to analyze Robotic Process Automation (RPA) tools based on Gartner's Magic Quadrant. Tools such as Automation Anywhere, Microsoft Power Automate, NICE, SS&C Blue Prism, and UiPath are compared in terms of usability, cost, and features. Free alternatives like BotCity, OpenRPA, and Python Auto GUI are also discussed. Regarding the results, a summary table is presented, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each R

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Rau, Asta. "Dealing with Feeling: Emotion, Affect, and the Qualitative Research Encounter." Qualitative Sociology Review 16, no. 1 (2020): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.16.1.07.

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Emotion and affect are different, yet intricately interwoven. Emotions such as fear, joy, or sadness are biological in as far as they are physically felt, but they are relational in as far as they are more fully experienced. Affect arises out of the relational quality of emotion—it consists of the myriad ways in which emotions are embodied, expressed, and enacted. Emotion and affect are influenced by their physical and symbolic contexts. In terms of physical context, data for this article were collected from two different research studies and several sites in the Free State Province of S

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Raymondaud, Hubert. "Le logiciel R comme outil d'initiation à la statistique descriptive : enquête sur les dépenses des ménages." Statistique et Enseignement 2, no. 2 (2011): 49–62. https://doi.org/10.3406/staso.2011.1227.

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The free, open-source statistical software R is a primary tool for education in exploratory data analysis. In addition to a broad spectrum of methods and quality graphics, it features a command language that allows the user to gain familiarity with, and a thorough understanding of, descriptive statistical techniques ; analyses can easily be performed with it, both on large data sets and subsets thereof. R is described here in the context of an experiment carried out with students from the higher agricultural technician certificate program.

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RUBACH, JERZY. "Polish yers: Representation and analysis." Journal of Linguistics 52, no. 2 (2016): 421–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226716000013.

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This article proposes a new analysis of yers in Polish and addresses the issue of how yers should be represented. Reviving the debate started by Kiparsky (1973), the article argues that diacritic use of phonological features is superior to phonological use of diacritic features. Since diacritic representation of yers misses generalizations, yers are better represented as floating melodic segments (Rubach 1986, Kenstowicz & Rubach 1987). The patterns of Yer Vocalization and Yer Deletion are derived without recourse to syllable structure constraints such as *COMPLEX-Coda. Yer Deletion applie

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Morra Pellegrino, Maria Luisa, and Alda Scopesi. "Structure and function of baby talk in a day-care centre." Journal of Child Language 17, no. 1 (1990): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500090001312x.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to examine how caretakers speak to young children in a day-care centre and particularly to investigate how they adjust their language, according to children's age and to size of groups. Five Italian teachers were observed, each one during six different sessions. Children's ages were 0;10–1;2 and 2;6–3;0. The number of children varied from a rather large group (seven children) to a small group (three children) to a single child. Language was taperecorded during free-play sessions of ten minutes. Context was noted by two observers. Transcripts were analysed accor

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Borkoski, Carey, and Brianne Roos. "Listening to and Crafting Stories: Cultivating Activism in Online Doctoral Students." Impacting Education: Journal on Transforming Professional Practice 6, no. 1 (2021): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ie.2021.119.

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The Johns Hopkins online EdD program prepares students as scholar-practitioners who become leaders and agents of change across educational contexts. Advocating for equity and social justice requires our students to not only immerse themselves in the relevant literature and learn the traditional skills of applied research but to master the art of communication through a sort of storytelling. Storytelling, in this sense, represents a means to gather and analyze data and understand and integrate diverse perspectives to engage and persuade relevant stakeholders (Moezzi, Janda, & Rotmann, 2017)

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