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1

Hossain, Md Iqbal, Badhan Saha, Mahmuda Begum, Nusrat Jahan Punom, Mst Khadiza Begum, and Mohammad Shamsur Rahman. "Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) fed with commercial fish feeds." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research 29, no. 2 (May 4, 2017): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v29i2.32325.

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The study was carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals in some commonly used commercial fish feeds and to observe the bioaccumulation of Cr, Cu, Cd and Ni in liver, muscle and gills of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus after culturing them for 60 days by feeding those commercial feeds. The study revealed that the concentration of Cu was the highest (65.08 mg/kg) in handmade feed (B1) among four heavy metals. The concentrations of Cr in collected feeds were 1.75 to 3.04 mg/kg, which exceeds the permissible limit set by FAO. In cultured tilapia, the concentrations of studied heavy
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2

Jackson, Dorothy A., Stella M. Imong, A. Silprasert, S. Ruckphaopunt, M. W. Woolridge, J. D. Baum, and K. Amatayakul. "Circadian variation in fat concentration of breast-milk in a rural northern Thai population." British Journal of Nutrition 59, no. 3 (May 1988): 349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880044.

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1. Twenty-five northern Thai mothers, breast-feeding their infants on demand, were studied in their homes for 24 h. All breast-feeds were test-weighed and pre- and post-feed expressed breast-milk samples (0·5 ml) taken at each feed.2. The fat concentration of milk taken during a feed showed significant circadian variation, with maximum values between 16.00 and 20.00 hours and minimum values between 04.00 and 08.00 hours. Fat concentration at the start and at the end of a feed also varied significantly over 24 h.3. Multiple regression analysis showed that the most important predictor of fat con
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3

Islam, M. M., S. M. L. Kabir, Y. A. Sarker, M. M. H. Sikder, S. K. S. Islam, A. H. M. T. Akhter, and M. M. Hossain. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHROMIUM LEVELS IN BROILER FEEDS AND MEATS FROM SELECTED FARMS OF BANGLADESH." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 14, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v14i2.31381.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the status of chromium concentration in broiler feeds with the risk assessment of chromium in broiler meat. Seven broiler farms were selected to collect the feed and meat samples of broiler. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the chromium concentration in broiler feed and meat samples. The highest concentration of chromium in broiler meat samples was 1.31±0.20 ?g/g and in feed samples was 1.71±0.24?g/g. In this study, the mean (± SE) concentration of chromium in feed samples from Gazipur Sadar, Gazipur; Sreepur, Gazipur a
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4

Dickinson, P. W. "Pre-concentration of feed stock." Journal of Heat Recovery Systems 6, no. 1 (January 1986): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-7593(86)90173-6.

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5

Rafai, Pál, Zoltán Papp, and László Jakab. "Biotransformation of trichothecenes alleviates the negative effects of T-2 toxin in pigs." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2013.025.

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Between 49 and 70 days of age, three groups of growing pigs (n = 10 each) were fed diets containing 0, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin, respectively, for 21 days. The feed of another two groups of pigs (n = 10 each) contained 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin, respectively, plus a feed additive developed for splitting up the molecular structure of Fusarium toxins, in particular trichothecenes, by deepoxidation of the molecule, at 2 kg/tonne concentration. One group (n = 10) served as positive control; their feed was free from T-2 toxin but contained the feed additive at the above concentration. Toxin con
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6

Fairley, R. A. C., S. P. Rose, and M. F. Fuller. "Selection of dietary lysine and threonine concentration of growing pigs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1993 (March 1993): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600025174.

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The aim of these trials was to discover if growing pigs can select an appropriate mixture of two feeds differing only in the level of one amino acid.A trial was conducted with 40 male pigs, with an initial mean weight of 13.1 kg. A basal low lysine feed was formulated with 172 g digestible protein (DP)/kg feed which was supplemented with synthetic lysine. The resulting feeds were similar in all respects except digestible lysine (DL) level, which was 25 (L), 50 (ML), 109 (MH) and 141 (H) g/kg DP.A second trial was carried out with threonine, using 48 male pigs with an initial mean weight of 11.
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7

Olatoye, O. I., J. O. Aiyedun, and O. O. Oludairo. "Incidence of Aflatoxin B1 in Commercial Poultry Feed and Tissues of Broiler ‎Chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria." Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i2.87.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) belongs to a group of hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus found in food or feed products. In this study we analyzed 180 feed of six different brands of commercial poultry feeds from three feed distribution outlets in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria for the occurrence and concentrations of AFB1. In addition, to the transfer of AFB1 to broiler meat from chicken fed for four weeks with one brand of feed associated with the highest AFB1 contamination. The study was carried out between April and June, 2019. The presen
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8

Fajar, Muhammad Thoifur. "Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Pakan Pelet Terhadap Bobot Dan Panjang Ikan Mas (Cyprinus Carpio)." INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 5 (October 29, 2022): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v1i5.801.

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Pellet feed is feed that is commonly used for the cultivation of livestock, namely broiler chickens, birds, hamsters, rabbits, fish and shrimp. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a fish that is often cultivated because it has economic opportunities and increasing demand. This study aims to determine the growth in length and weight of carp with pellet feeding. The research was conducted at the Basic Science Laboratory of UNARS campus 2 in July and August 2022. The method of observing the length and weight of carp using descriptive analysis method. The goldfish samples tested were 3 groups with 3 goldfis
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9

Hyslop, J. J., B. M. L. McLean, and M. J. S. Moore-Colyer. "Relationship between water holding capacity and fibre concentration in equine feeds." BSAP Occasional Publication 32 (2004): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00041550.

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The water content of feedstuffs is an important factor when considering both the nutritive value of a feed for dietary rationing purposes and when assessing the functional properties associated with the practical inclusion of a feedstuff in animal diets. Water is a vital nutrient in its own right and must be supplied on a daily basis. Feed associated water provides one source of this obligatory requirement. In addition, the water holding capacity (WHC) of a feedstuff and its relationship with other constituents of the feed may have important effects. Water can be associated with feedstuff in o
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10

Vandael, Femke, Helena Cardoso de Carvalho Ferreira, Mathias Devreese, Jeroen Dewulf, Els Daeseleire, Mia Eeckhout, and Siska Croubels. "Stability, Homogeneity and Carry-Over of Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Flubendazole in Medicated Feed and Drinking Water on 24 Pig Farms." Antibiotics 9, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9090563.

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The vast majority of medicines in pig rearing are administered via oral group medication through medicated feed and drinking water. However, relevant on-farm factors affecting the concentration of these drugs in feed and drinking water, such as the homogeneity, stability, and cross-contamination, are largely unknown. To characterize these factors, samples of medicated feed and drinking water were taken on 24 Belgian pig farms during treatment and 2 days thereafter, as well as at different on-farm sampling sites from production to feeding troughs or drinking nipples. The samples contained amoxi
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11

Jackson, Dorothy A., Stella M. Imong, A. Silprasert, S. Preunglumpoo, P. Leelapat, Y. Yootabootr, K. Amatayakul, and J. D. Baum. "Estimation of 24 h breast-milk fat concentration and fat intake in rural northern Thailand." British Journal of Nutrition 59, no. 3 (May 1988): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880045.

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1. The present study assesses the accuracy with which mean 24 h breast-milk composition can be estimated if milk samples can only be collected during the daytime.2. Twenty-five northern Thai mothers, feeding their infants on demand, were studied in their homes for 24 h. All feeds were test-weighed and 0·5 ml pre- and post-feed expressed milk samples taken at each feed.3. If daytime sampling was restricted to two breast-feeds, it was found that the best estimate of 24 h fat concentration was given by two randomly chosen daytime feeds, predicting 24 h fat concentration with 95% confidence limits
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12

Fatema, Kaniz, Md Nazmus Sakib, Md Al Zahid, Nahid Sultana, and Md Rakibul Hassan. "Growth performances and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) cultured using different market feeds." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 47, no. 1 (June 27, 2019): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v47i1.42023.

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The study was conducted to determine growth performances and bioaccumulation of Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni in fish organs such as intestines, muscle and gills of study species after culturing them for twelve weeks by using different commercial fish feeds. The highest average daily gain (ADG, g/day) and specific growth rate (SGR; %/day) were found in fish fed quality feed and lowest values were found in the fish fed mega feed. Best feed conversion ratio (FCR) value was found in fish fed quality feed among five different feeds. In cultured Koi, the concentration of heavy metals were found higher than
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13

Weston, RH. "Factors limiting the intake of feed by sheep. 15. Voluntary feed consumption and digestion in lambs fed chopped roughage diets varying in quality." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 3 (1989): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9890643.

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Feed intake and digestion transactions for diets based on wheaten straw and mature ryegrass diets, both supplemented to provide additional essential nutrients, were compared with those for lucerne hay and high quality forage oats diets in lambs weighing c. 24 kg. The data obtained and comparable published data were used to examine relationships between a range of variables. Decrease in roughage quality, as evidenced by decrease in digestible organic matter (OM) intake, was accompanied by increase in (i) times spent eating, ruminating and chewing rumination boluses, (ii) the quantities of diges
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14

Gomes, Rodrigo da Costa, Renata Farinelli de Siqueira, Michael Alan Ballou, Tiago Roberto Stella, and Paulo Roberto Leme. "Hematological profile of beef cattle with divergent residual feed intake, following feed deprivation." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46, no. 9 (September 2011): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2011000900019.

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The objective of this work was to characterize the hematological profiles of steers and bulls, according to residual feed intake (RFI), after feed deprivation. Twenty‑month‑old Nellore steers and bulls were fed feedlot diets for 70 and 56 days, respectively. RFI was calculated as the difference between actual feed intake and expected feed intake. More and less efficient steers and bulls, according to RFI, were subjected to 24 hours of food deprivation. Blood was sampled prior to and following the withdrawal period. Hematological analyses included total and differential white blood cell count,
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15

Hassan, Assrar Abdullah, and Hala Adel Jabbar. "Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for Separation of Hcl From A Mixture of Acids." Journal of Engineering 24, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2018.06.04.

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HCl is separated from HCl –H2SO4 solution by membrane distillation process(MD). The flat –sheet membranes made from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polypropylene (pp.). Plate and frame these types of membrane where used in the process. The feed is a mixture of HCl and H2SO4 acids compositions depended on metals treated object.HCl concentration increased in the permeate during the process but sulfuric acid increased gradually in the feed .During the concentration of solution acids concentrations in the feed at the beginning were 50 g/dm3 of sulfuric acid and 50 g/dm3 of hydrochloric acid at
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16

Panne, C., and D. N. Srangeland. "THE OPTIMAL CONCENTRATION OF CATTLE FEED SUPPLEMENTS." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 22, no. 3 (November 13, 2008): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1974.tb00933.x.

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17

Battaile, C. C., D. J. Srolovitz, and J. E. Butler. "Point defect incorporation during diamond chemical vapor deposition." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 8 (August 1999): 3439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0465.

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The incorporation of vacancies, H atoms, and sp2 bond defects into single-crystal homoepitaxial (100) (2 × 1)–and (111)-oriented chemical-vapor-deposited diamond was simulated by atomic-scale kinetic Monte Carlo. Simulations were performed for substrate temperatures from 600 to 1200 °C with 0.4% CH4 in the feed gas, and for 0.4–7% CH4 feeds with a substrate temperature of 800 °C. The concentrations of incorporated H atoms increased with increasing substrate temperature and feed gas composition, and sp2 bond trapping increased with increasing feed gas composition. Vacancy concentrations were lo
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18

Pleadin, J., N. Persi, A. Vulic, and M. Zadravec. "Survey of mycotoxin feed contamination in Croatia." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 28, no. 2 (2012): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1202167p.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination of feed with mycotoxins. A total of 103 samples of feed for poultry, pig and calves was collected at different animal feed factories in the central, eastern and north region of Croatia. The quantitative determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins B1, B2 and B3 (FUM) and T-2 toxin (T-2) concentration was done using the validated ELISA method. The observed results indicated an increased contamination of pig feed with Fusarium mycotoxins DON and ZEA with mean concentrations
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19

Assis, Yhago Patrycky Antunes Souza, Anna Christina de Almeida, Wedson Carlos Lima Nogueira, Cintya Neves de Souza, Samuel Ferreira Gonçalves, Flavio Emanuel Gomes Silva, Vanessa Kelly Ferreira do Rosário Santos, and Ernane Ronie Martins. "Antibacterial activity and stability of microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil in feeds for broiler chickens." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 18, no. 4 (December 2017): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402017000400009.

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SUMMARY The antibacterial effect of microencapsulated lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil on strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), and the stability of this oil in feeds for broiler chickens were evaluated. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the macrodilution method, using the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentrations of 160 μL mL−1, 80 μL mL−1, 40 μL mL−1, 20 μL mL−1, and 10 μL mL−1. The oil concentrati
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Ghoreishi, S. M., S. M. Shariatmadar Mortazavi, and Ali Hedayati. "Modeling of Non-catalytic Supercritical Water Oxidation of Phenol." Chemical Product and Process Modeling 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cppm-2015-0044.

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Abstract The non-catalytic supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of phenol was modeled using Gopalan-Savage and Thornton-Savage global and network rates. Comparison of experimental data for the phenol conversion with the numerical predictions of this study indicated very close compatibility. Applying the validated model, the phenol conversion and selectivity of various products were studied as a function of effective parameters such as feed phenol concentration, reactor residence time, feed temperature, and feed oxygen concentration. The results of modeling analysis show that an appropriate ele
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Roeva, N. N., and I. A. Zaitseva. "Analytical control of the content of radionuclides in feed." Upravlenie kachestvom (Quality management), no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-01-2302-01.

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The authors determined the radionuclides Cs-137 and Sr-90 in the soils and feeds of the Khvastovichi and Maloyaroslavetsky districts of the Kaluga region, using the radiochemical method. Sample preparation and concentration of the analyzed samples was carried out by the method of "dry salting". It was found that in the studied soil and feed samples, the content of Ss-137 and Sr-90 does not exceed their maximum permissible concentrations.
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Lindén, Anna, Ing-Marie Olsson, and Agneta Oskarsson. "Cadmium Levels in Feed Components and Kidneys of Growing/Finishing Pigs." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.6.1288.

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Abstract Cadmium (Cd) concentrations in pig feeds (one control feed and one feed with reduced nitrogen content), straw, water, and pig kidney cortex were determined in 2 breeds of growing/finishing pigs (n = 96). The total Cd intake from feed was calculated. Feed mixtures and components, straw and kidney cortex samples, and certified reference samples were microwave-digested and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace technique. Total Cd concentration in the control feed was 37.1 μg/kg wet weight (w.wt). The highest Cd levels were found in nonlocally produced feed comp
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Doherty, Stephen J., Allen Fox, and David W. Fink. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Ivermectin in Feed." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 81, no. 4 (July 1, 1998): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/81.4.869.

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Abstract An analytical method for determining ivermectin in feed at 0.50- 3 ppm is presented. The method is based on liquid chromatographic measurement after sample preparation by adsorption chromatography on alumina and solid-phase extraction. Two complete, final, finished medicated feeds and the corresponding control feeds used in their preparation were analyzed. Recoveries from feeds fortified at 50-150% of the 2 ppm ivermectin use concentration also were determined. Mean recoveries from replicate analyses ranged from 90 to 100%, and coefficients of variation (CVs) were less than 4.5%. No s
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Oddy, VH, and PJ Holst. "Maternal-foetal adaptation to mid pregnancy feed restriction in single-bearing ewes." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 6 (1991): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910969.

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In two experiments, restriction of feed to levels below maintenance for periods of up to 4 weeks was imposed on groups of ewes bearing single foetuses at 79, 87 or 95 days post coitus. In the first experiment, carried out at pasture, measurements were made of concentration of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) and progesterone in ewe plasma. Effects on lamb birth weight and gestation length were also examined. The second experiment investigated the effect of maternal feed restriction of (i) feed intake, (ii) maternal oPL, (iii) maternal plasma glucose concentration, (iv) lamb birth weight and (v)
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Yambayamba, E. S. K., M. A. Price, J. L. Aalhus, and S. D. M. Jones. "Glycogen metabolites and meat quality in feed-restricted re-fed beef heifers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 4 (December 1, 1996): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-078.

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Twenty-four Hereford crossbred heifers weighing 222 kg (22 kg SD) and aged 226 d (13 d SD) on day 0 were used to investigate the effects of feed restriction (period 1) followed by realimentation (period 2) on hepatic and longissimus muscle glycogen metabolites and meat quality. The heifers were randomly assigned in equal numbers to either ad libitum feeding (ADLIB) or maintenance feeding for 92 d followed by realimentation (REST), and serially slaughtered over a wide range of liveweights (200–460 kg). The concentrations of glycogen, its metabolites, and the total glucidic potential (GP) were d
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Weiss, William P., and Alexander W. Tebbe. "Estimating digestible energy values of feeds and diets and integrating those values into net energy systems." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 3 (November 5, 2018): 953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy119.

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Abstract The California Net Energy System (CNES) used a combination of measured and tabular metabolizable energy (ME) values and changes in body composition gain to determine net energy requirements for maintenance and gain and their corresponding dietary concentrations. The accuracy of the CNES depends on the accuracy of the feed ME values. Feed or diet ME values can be measured directly but are expensive and require specialized facilities; therefore, most ME values are estimated from digestible energy (DE) values, which are often estimated from the concentration of total digestible nutrients
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Ojumu, Tunde Victor, and Jochen Petersen. "Kinetics of Microbial Ferrous-Iron Oxidation by Leptospirillum Ferriphilum: Effect of Ferric-Iron on Biomass Growth." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.259.

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The kinetics of microbial ferrous-iron oxidation have been well studied as it is a critical sub-process in bioleaching of sulphide minerals. Exhaustive studies in continuous culture have been carried out recently, investigating the effects of conditions relevant to heap bioleaching on the microbial ferrous-iron oxidation by Leptospirillum ferriphilum [1-3]. It was postulated that ferric-iron, which is known to be inhibitory, also acts as a stress stimulus, promoting microbial growth at higher total iron concentration. This paper investigates this phenomenon further, by comparing tests run with
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Noela Chinyelu Igwemmar, Samuel Esimikwame Kakulu, and Mary Sunday Dauda. "Heavy metal concentration in some commercial poultry feeds available in Abuja, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 005–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.2.1110.

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The concentrations of heavy metals in some commercial poultry feeds available in Abuja, Nigeria was investigated. Poultry feed rations (starter, grower, finisher and layer) of seven different feed brands available in Abuja were purchased from their various distribution outlets. The nitric acid digestion method followed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry technique were used for metal content quantification. Analytical method validation was performed using IAEA-V-8 Rye flour certified reference material and good recoveries were obtained in all the metals indicating the accuracy of the
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Widu, A. A., F. U. Datta, and M. M. Kleden. "Evaluation of Digestability and Rumen Parameters Through In-vitro Concentrate Containing Binahong Flour as Secondary Compound." Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia 16, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.16.4.362-367.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of binahong flour used in concentrate feed on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), VFA and NH3 concentrations in vitro. The design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments studied were: R0; concentrate feed without binahong flour, R1; concentrate feed contains 10% binahong flour, R2; concentrate feed containing 20% binahong flour, R3; concentrate feed contains 30% binahong flour. Based on the results of the study, the average DMD (%) R0 73.56±0
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Van Limbergen, Tommy, Mathias Devreese, Siska Croubels, Nathan Broekaert, Annelies Michiels, Sarah De Saeger, and Dominiek Maes. "Role of mycotoxins in herds with and without problems with tail necrosis in neonatal pigs." Veterinary Record 181, no. 20 (October 5, 2017): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104385.

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This study aimed to investigate a possible involvement of mycotoxins in neonatal tail necrosis in piglets. Ten affected and 10 non-affected farms were selected. Sow feed samples were analysed for the presence of 23 mycotoxins by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Blood plasma samples of sows and their piglets were analysed for the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON), de-epoxydeoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxin, zearalenone, alfa-zearalenol, and beta-zearalenol, using LC-MS/MS. Additionally, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was performed to detect DON-glucuronide (DO
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Silva, Gleise M., Federico Podversich, Ana C. G. Luna, Gonzalo Barreneche, and Nicolas DiLorenzo. "PSXI-26 Assessing diet integrity and potential sorting behavior in backgrounding diets fed in a GrowSafe feed intake monitoring system." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.797.

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Abstract The integrity of a diet fed as a total mixed ration (TMR) in feedlot and backgrounding scenarios is essential to maintain animal performance and minimized digestive upsets. The objective of this study was to quantify crude protein (CP), dry matter (DM) and ash concentration of a backgrounding diet fed as a TMR in a GrowSafe feed intake monitoring system. Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 70; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were allocated to 18 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with two GrowSafe feed bunks each to recei
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Putri, Alamanda Juwita, Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy, and Dewi Putri Lestari. "Substitusi Tepung Rumput Laut Eucheuma striatum pada Pakan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v9i2.3972.

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Feed is one of the most influential factors on the appearance of tilapia productivity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of substitution of fish feed with Eucheuma striatum seaweed meal on the cultivation of Tilapia (Oreochromis. niloticus). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 4 treatments with 3 replications, ie: control (P1), concentration of 4% seaweed flour (P2), concentration of 8% seaweed flour (P3), and concen
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IQBAL, SHAHZAD ZAFAR, MUHAMMAD RAFIQUE ASI, SONIA NISAR, KHALID MAHMOOD ZIA, SELAMAT JINAP, and NOEEN MALIK. "A Limited Survey of Aflatoxins and Zearalenone in Feed and Feed Ingredients from Pakistan." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 1798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-091.

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ABSTRACT This work presents current information on the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) and zearalenone (ZEN) in feed and feed ingredients from Punjab, Pakistan. The 105 samples tested were concentrated feed, i.e., cotton seed meal (18 samples) and soybean meal (14), and feed ingredients, i.e., crushed corn (17), crushed wheat (15), barley (17). and poultry feed (24). Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector. Analysis revealed that 69 of 105 samples were contaminated with AFs, and the highest mean concentrations of AFB1 (6.20 μg/kg) a
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Doherty, Stephen J., Allen Fox, and David W. Fink. "Determination of Ivermectin in Medicated Swine Feeds at the 2 ppm Concentration Level." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 73, no. 6 (November 1, 1990): 931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/73.6.931.

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Abstract An analytical method has been developed that Is applicable to the determination of Ivermectin in medicated feeds at the 2 ppm concentration level. It Is based upon liquid chromatographic analysis with a reverse-phase column and ultraviolet detection. After the drug Is extracted from the feed Into methanol, an analytical sample Is prepared by the consecutive use of column chromatography on alumina and solidphase extraction on Sep-Pak C18 and silica cartridges. This procedure has been applied to the concentration range 0.50- 3.0 ppm of Ivermectin In feed with an accuracy of ±2% mean rel
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35

Simonetti, Serena, Agus Saptoro, Claudia Fernández Martín, and Davide Dionisi. "Product Concentration, Yield and Productivity in Anaerobic Digestion to Produce Short Chain Organic Acids: A Critical Analysis of Literature Data." Processes 8, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121538.

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In order to make anaerobic digestion-based processes for short chain organic acid (SCOA) production attractive, the key performance variables, i.e., concentration, yield, and productivity of the produced SCOAs need to be maximised. This study analysed recent literature, looking for the effect of process operating parameters (feed concentration, pH, temperature, and residence time) on the performance variables. Data from 551 experiments were analysed. Mean values of the SCOA concentration, yield, and productivity were 10 g l−1, 32% (chemical oxygen demand (COD) COD−1), and 1.9 g l−1 day−1, resp
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36

Yuan, Zhi Tao, Lei Liu, and Yue Xin Han. "Wet Pre-Concentration of Low-Grade Hematite in High-Pressure Grinding Roller." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.363.

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The wet pre-concentration of comminuted hematite in high-pressure grinding roller was studied, using the cylindrical ferromagnetic medium in a high gradient magnetic separator. The effects of various factors including rod diameter, rod gap and background magnetic field intensity (BMFI) on the performances of pre-concentration in different size feeds are emphatically investigated. The results showed that as the rod diameter increased, the rod gap decreased and the BMFI increased, the tailings grade and the tailings yield reduced, but the concentrates recovery raised. This variation was regardle
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37

Mgbeahuruike, Anthony Christian, Toochukwu Eleazar Ejiofor, Michael Ushie Ashang, Chiamaka Ojiako, Christian C. Obasi, Chuka Ezema, Obianuju Okoroafor, Mulunda Mwanza, Magnus Karlsson, and Kennedy F. Chah. "Reduction of the Adverse Impacts of Fungal Mycotoxin on Proximate Composition of Feed and Growth Performance in Broilers by Combined Adsorbents." Toxins 13, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13060430.

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Synergistic interaction of adsorbents in reducing the adverse impacts of mycotoxin on performance and proximate composition of broiler feeds was investigated. Fungal growth was induced by sprinkling water on the feed. S. cerevisiae + bentonite, kaolin + bentonite or S. cerevisiea + kaolin adsorbent combinations (1.5 g/kg feed) were added and the feeds were stored in black polythene bags. An untreated group was kept as a positive control while fresh uncontaminated feed was used as a negative control. Mycotoxins were extracted from the feeds and quantified using reverse phase HPLC. Proximate com
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Ma, Jianyu, Mehdi Mahmoodinia, Kumar R. Rout, and Edd A. Blekkan. "The Impact of Operating Parameters on the Gas-Phase Sulfur Concentration after High Temperature Sulfur Sorption on a Supported Mo-Mn Sorbent." Reactions 2, no. 4 (September 23, 2021): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/reactions2040023.

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The impact of operating parameters on H2S capture from a syngas mixture by a Mo-promoted Mn-based high-temperature sorbent was investigated. The parameters investigated included temperature, space velocity, H2S concentration in the feed gas, and steam content. The H2S and SO2 concentrations in the gas after passing over a bed of the sorbent were analyzed and compared with thermodynamic calculations. The results confirmed that low temperature, low space velocity, low H2S concentration, and a dry feed were favorable for achieving a low residual concentration of sulfur compounds in the effluent g
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Ghasem, Nayef M., and Hasan Orbey. "Effect of Feed Concentration in Equilibrium Parametric Pumps." Separation Science and Technology 22, no. 12 (December 1987): 2339–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496398708057190.

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Bouma, Andrew T., and John H. Lienhard. "Split-feed counterflow reverse osmosis for brine concentration." Desalination 445 (November 2018): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2018.07.011.

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Pokharel Bhattarai, Bindu, Bhabindra Niroula, and Sasinath Jha. "Use of the Greater Duckweed as feed for the Tilapia fish." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41799.

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The fresh weight gain of the Nile tilapia individuals reared on different feeds for 21 days occurred in the order: conventional feed (65%) > conventional feed and duckweed powder in equal proportion (37%) > duckweed powder (09%). The conventional feed and duckweed powder were insignificantly different from each other in protein and phosphorus, but significantly different (P<0.05) in fat, total ash and calcium contents. The tilapia individuals reared on the mixture of the conventional feed and duckweed powder had significantly (P<0.05) highest concentration of proteins (50.3%) than
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42

Oyekola, Oluwaseun O., Robert P. van Hille, and Susan T. L. Harrison. "Effect of Sulphate Concentration on the Community Structure and Activity of Sulphate Reducing Bacteria." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 513–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.513.

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This study investigated the effect of sulphate concentration and residence time on the performance of anaerobic sulphate reduction by a mixed sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) culture using lactate as the sole carbon source and electron donor. The process performance is related to the population structure of the microbial consortia and dominant metabolic reactions. Laboratory scale chemostat cultures at different residence times (1-4 d) and sulphate concentrations (1.0-10.0 g/L) were employed. Lactate oxidation was prevalent at feed sulphate concentrations of 1.0 to 5.0 g/L. A corresponding inc
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43

Rizwan-U- Zama, Ayesha Siddiqa, A. N. Thobbi, Tehseen Sajid Mudhol, and R Shruthi. "The Consequences of Prior Initiation of Breast Feeding on Blood Glucose Levels in Neonates Born In a Tertiary Care Hospital." Asian Journal of Clinical Pediatrics and Neonatology 8, no. 2 (July 9, 2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47009/ajcpn.2020.8.2.5.

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Background: Hypoglycemia is the most common event of failure of metabolic adjustments in the newborn. Changes in maternal and fetal monitoring techniques, administration of glucose-containing solutions during labor, delivery and early feeding in neonates significantly alter blood glucose concentrations during the first week of postnatal life. Subjects and Methods: A total of 90 healthy (60 born by FTND, 30 born by LSCS) term, AGA infants were longitudinally evaluated at birth, at one hour after feeds (post feed), and after 6 hours of life. Plasma glucose was estimated from Heel Prick capillary
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44

Petit, H. V. "Review: Feed intake, milk production and milk composition of dairy cows fed flaxseed." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 90, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas09040.

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Flaxseed contains approximately 55% of total fatty acids of the oil as ?-linolenic acid and is rich in lignans, which are strong antioxidants. Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants are known to have beneficial effects on human health such as a decrease in the incidence of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and arthritis. Flaxseed could then be an interesting natural feed to consider for changing milk composition. Cyanogenic glycosides (linustatin and neolinustatin) are present in flaxseed, but the concentration of hydrocyanic acid is very low in milk and ruminal fluid
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45

Diener, S., C. Zurbrügg, and K. Tockner. "Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens and effects on its life cycle." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 1, no. 4 (December 7, 2015): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0030.

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In developing countries, effective waste management strategies are constrained by high collection costs and lack of adequate treatment and disposal options. The organic fraction in particular, which accounts for more than 50% of the waste production, constitutes a great, yet mostly neglected, reuse potential. Concomitantly, the demand for alternative protein sources by the livestock feed industry is sharply increasing. A technology that effectively transforms organic waste into valuable feed is therefore a timely option. Larvae of the non-pest black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera:
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46

Soison, Pichai, Pakpoom Supachart, and Pratarn Wongsarivej. "Effect of Feed-Flow Rate in a Solid-Liquid Hydrocyclone Based on Total Solid Recovery Equation." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.173.

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Many studies of hydrocyclones have confirmed that increasing the feed-flow rate results in a higher separation efficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the separation efficiency for a 100 mm solid–liquid hydrocyclone with 1 and 2 wt% solid concentrations at feed-flow rates of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 m3/hr. The solid concentration and particle size distribution were analysed using drying–weighing and a particle-size analyser (Mastersizer 2000), respectively. The experimental results indicated that an increase in feed-flow rate from 2 to 4 m3/hr produced decreased separation efficiency.
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47

GONG, P. S., S. L. JENG, Y. F. HSU, C. C. LIN, and S. Y. LIN. "Development of a Method for the Determination of Pyrimethamine Concentrations in Feeds by Ion-Pairing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.4.688.

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An ion-pairing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with diode array detection at 280 nm was developed to determine pyrimethamine concentrations in feed for laying hens. Pyrimethamine was extracted with a mixture of 5% isobutanol and 95% benzene, and the extract was cleaned up on an alumina column. The drug was eluted from an Intersil ODS-3V column (250 by 4.6 mm) with a mixture of 25% acetonitrile and 75% water (vol/vol) containing 0.01 M tetramethylammonium chloride as an ion-pairing agent and adjusted with acetic acid to pH 3.5. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. M
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Liu, Dawei, Chao Gu, Changhu Lu, Qinghua Wu, Kamil Kuca, and Wenda Wu. "Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) Reproduction Was Improved by Inhibiting Mycotoxins with Montmorillonite in Feed." Toxins 12, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030191.

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The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is a vulnerable bird species. Mycotoxins are toxic substances produced by filamentous fungi and are considered as naturally unavoidable contaminants in animal feed. Our recent survey indicated that feeds designed for captive red-crowned cranes were contaminated with mycotoxins. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of the mycotoxin binder montmorillonite on the reproductive behavior, sex hormone levels, and egg quality of red-crowned cranes. Twelve pairs of G. japonensis were divided into four groups, and each group was fed one o
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Li, Yan Feng, Wen Feng Huang, Rong Tao Zhu, and Wen Da Zhao. "Influence of Processing Parameters on Dehydration Effect of Positive-Pressure Horizontal Filtration." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 997–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.997.

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The structure of filter cake obtained by the positive horizon pressure filtration process has more advances. The paper investigated some main influencing factors about feed concentration, filtration pressure, feed grain composition on dehydration effect. And paper designs the testing program and analyses the testing results. Then paper establish the mathematical model about the filter cake moisture, filtrate concentration, the capacity of handling dry slime and the experiment influence variables. The results show that the filter mass moisture decreases as the increase of feed concentration, fi
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Marini, Danila, Joe Pippia, Ian G. Colditz, Geoff N. Hinch, Carol J. Petherick, and Caroline Lee. "Palatability and pharmacokinetics of flunixin when administered to sheep through feed." PeerJ 4 (March 14, 2016): e1800. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1800.

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Applying analgesics to feed is a potentially easy method of providing pain-relief to sheep and lambs that undergo painful husbandry procedures. To be effective, the medicated feed needs to be readily accepted by sheep and its consumption needs to result in therapeutic concentrations of the drug. In the present experiment, pelleted feed was supplemented with flunixin (4.0 mg/kg live weight) and offered to eight sheep. To test the palatability of flunixin, the individually penned sheep were offered normal feed and feed supplemented with flunixin in separate troughs for two consecutive days. A tr
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