Journal articles: 'Feed conversion ratio'

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Hamanay, Febrianto Lu, Muharlien Muharlien, and Edhy Sudjarwo. "Effect of sex ratio and age parent to consumption feed, weight eggs and conversion ration on birds quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 32, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2022.032.02.13.

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Birds quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) is a type of bird lots of quail maintained in the community have morphology i.e. small body, round and tail short Setyawn, Sudjarwo, Widodo, and Prayogi (2011) stated that bird quail is one community poultry of the genus Coturnix which can be generated as producer eggs and meat. Destination from study this for knowing the effect of sex ratio and age parent to consumption feed, weight eggs, and conversion feed. Method study is test design Random Complete (RAL) pattern factorial with 2 factors, namely factor 1 is Sex Ratio and factor 2 is age parent with every 3 treatments and 3 replications. Research results show the sex ratio does not give influence real on consumption feed, the weight of eggs, and conversion feed. Average consumption feed of 675.63 (g/ head) to 683.61 (g/ head), average weight egg of 11.28 (g/ item) to 11.60 (g/ item), and the average conversion ration of 5.63 to 6.08. Influence to age parent gives influence that is not real to consumption feed, weight eggs, and conversion feed. Average consumption feed as big as 677.17 (g/ head) to 679.74 (g/ head), average weight egg of 11.28 (g/ item) to 11.55 (g/ item), and the average conversion ration of 5.71 (g/ head ) to 5.92 (g/ head ). Interaction balance male-female and age parent no give influence real to consumption feed, weight eggs, and conversion feed. The conclusion from the research is the influence of the balance of male-female and the age of the parent no give influence the consumption of feed, the weight of eggs, and conversion of feed.

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Barber, J., P. H. Brooks, and J. L. Carpenter. "The effects of water to feed ratio on the digestibility, digestible energy and nitrogen retention of a grower ration." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600020869.

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With the increase in the use of wet feeding systems, there has been a controversy over the optimum water to feed ratio to be used in these systems. Braude et al., (1967) showed that the feed conversion ratio was 20% higher for wet fed pigs compared to dry fed pigs. However, Forbes et al., (1968) found no significant difference in daily gain between wet and dry fed pigs.Gill et al., (1987) conducted an experiment to investigate the effects of different water to feed ratios on the performance of growing pigs provided with an additional water supply. They showed that liveweight gain and feed conversion significantly improved (p < 0.05) as the water to feed ratio of the liquid feed was increased from 2:1 to 3.5:1.The objective of this experiment was to investigate whether water to feed ratio effects digestibility, digestible energy and nitrogen retention.

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Agustono, B., D. A. Agustin, E. K. Sabdoningrum, M. N. Yunita, R. T. Dewi, and I. R. T. Ivani. "Potential feed substitute of Cirripedia sp. flour on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed consumption of buck." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1036, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1036/1/012027.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Cirripedia sp. flour as a fish flour substitution on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed consumption of the rabbit. The experimental design used was 4 treatments and 5 replication each. This research were 100 Rex buck aged 4 months. The feed treatments used were P0 (complete feed 100% with 15% fish flour), P1(complete feed 100% with 12.5% fish flour and 2.5% Cirripedia sp. flour), P2 (complete feed 100% with 10% fish flour and 5% Cirripedia sp. flour), P3 (complete feed 100% with 7.5% fish flour and 7.5% Cirripedia sp. flour). The data were recorded at the fourth week after observation based on feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Data were analyzed with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Average feed consumption of P0 to P3 were 114,54, 112,09, 114,04, 112,71 g. Average of body weight gain of P0 to P3 were 20,01, 20,87, 20,72 and 20,75g. Average of feed conversion ratio of P0 to P3 were 5,79, 5,41, 5,62 and 5,48. The result showed with no significant difference (p>0.05) among the treatment in feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio in the rabbit.

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Irwani, N., Zairiful, and I. K. Habsari. "Feed Intake and Feed Conversion Ratio of Broiler Supplemented with Herb Extract." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1012, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1012/1/012069.

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Abstract Traditional ingredients from herbal plants can be used as antioxidants because they contain curcumin compounds that can affect the metabolic processes of the livestock body. Herbal are obtained from several rhizomes such as turmeric, ginger, lemongrass, and Curcuma. This study investigated the effects of herbal ingredients added to drinking waters. The variables observed in this study were Feed Intake, increase in body weight, and Feed Conversion Ratio. One hundred DOC of two strains were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with five replicates of 10 birds each: control (0 addition of herb ingredients), Treatment 1 (100 mg/kg BW doses of addition), Treatment 2 (200 mg/kg BW doses of addition), and Treatment 3 (300 mg/kg BW doses of addition). The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple distance test. The results showed that combining the three herbs applied in drinking water improved feed intake and feed conversion ratio in broiler strains CP 707 and MB 202. However, the 5% Duncan test did not find the best interaction. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of herbal ingredients (turmeric, ginger, and temulawak) affects increasing broiler productivity in different strains, both in the value of feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. However, the best interaction between the two broiler strains has not been obtained.

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Pingel, H. "Results of selection for breast muscle percentage and feed conversion ratio in Pekin ducks." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103769p.

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Increasing breast muscle percentage by selection for breast layer thickness (muscle and skin) of living ducks by needle probe improves carcass quality as could be demonstrated by experiments and by applied breeding programs. In addition direct selection for individual feed conversion ratio can increase the efficiency of duck meat production. Divergent selection for feed conversion ratio from the age of 4 - 7 weeks over 11 generations has differentiated the feed efficiency by about 25 %. Causes for the reduction in feed conversion ratio are lower fat content of carcass, lower locomotor activity, higher enzymatic activity (alkaline phosphatase and creatinkinase in blood plasma) and better feed protein utilization. Because of lower feed consumption in the line selected for lower feed conversion ratio the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus via manure was reduced by about 39 and 26 %, respectively. That means, selection for better feed efficiency is not only an important economical but also an important ecological factor.

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Najwan, Rifqi, Nabil Fariz Noorrahman, Hana Cipka, Khoirul Huda, Mirni Lamid, and Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari. "POTENSI BAKTERI Lactococcus lactis DAN Lactobacillus casei TERHADAP PERFORMA PRODUKSI AYAM PETELUR YANG DIINFEKSI Escherichia colii." BUANA SAINS 19, no. 1 (October 11, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/bs.v19i1.1529.

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The purpose of this study was to find the effect combination probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli on feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The materials used in this experiment were 120 laying hens aged 25 weeks. Feeds were used commercial concentrate produced by PT. New Hope East Java, type 7183A. In this study were added of six treatments that is (a0b0) chicken without infection and without treatment, (a0b1) chicken without infection plus Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP), (a0b2) chicken without infection plus probiotic, (a1b0) chicken infection without treatment, (a1b1) chicken infection plus AGP. (a1b2) chicken infection plus probiotic. Each treatment was repeated four times. The variables measured were are feed consumption (g/bird/day) and feed conversion ratio (%). Data were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if between treatment showed significant effect were analysed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of this research shows that the use of probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli give a real distinction ( P<0,05) towards feed consumption and showed a real distinction (P <0.05) towards feed conversion ratio. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the addition of probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli can improve feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of laying hens, hen day production (HDP) and egg weight.

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Eka Wati, Novi. "Pengaruh Sinkronisasi Pasokan Protein dan Energi Dalam Rumen pada Pakan Komplit Berbasis Bagase terhadap Produktivitas Domba." wahana peternakan 3, no. 1 (September 16, 2019): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37090/jwputb.v3i2.158.

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Abstract The aim of the research was to study the effects of synchronization index in the sugarcane bagasse based complete feed on feed intake, daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of sheep. Two permanent cannulated male local sheep was 2 years old to create formulation of three diets with different synchronization index, namely 0.37; 0.50 and 0.63 respectively. Fifteen local male sheep with body weight average of 18,32 kg (cv= 14,39%) and aged at 12 months were feed a complete feed based on bagasse with a level of synchrony index 0,37; 0,50; 0,63 were design isoprotein and isoenergy. The treatments were allotted in a randomized block design with 3 treatments and 5 groups for in-vivo test. The feed intake, daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of fifteen rams were determined on week 8 of experimental period. The results of the study indicated that the synchrony index did not effect on feed intake, but daily body weight and feed conversion ratio was affected (P<0.05) by the treatment of synchrony index in diet. The daily body weight gain of P2 group was highest compared with P1 and P3 groups. The feed conversion ratio of P2 group was lowest compared with P1 and P3 groups. The alteration of the study indicated that the synchronization index level of 0.50 showed the best weight gain and feed conversion. Keywords: daily body weight, feed conversion ratio, feed intake, synchrony index

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Losinger, Williard C. "Feed-conversion ratio of finisher pigs in the USA." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 36, no. 4 (October 1998): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00094-4.

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Robinson, Edwin H., and Menghe H. Li. "Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, Size and Feed Conversion Ratio." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 41, no. 5 (October 2010): 829–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00426.x.

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Haladu, Mubarak, and Ahmed Abubakar. "An appraisal of performance of broiler birds fed with different commercial feed in Kano State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Research and Development 18, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jard.v18i1.7.

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The experiment was carried out to determine the overall performance and economic analysis of broiler chickens fed different commercial diets marketed in Kano metropolis. A total of 112 day-old Zertek strain of broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments coded as A, B, C and Din a completely randomized design. Each group was replicated 4 times with seven birds per replicate. Birds were weighed at the onset of the experiment and weekly thereafter. Feed intake and live weight gain were measured, recorded and used to determine the feed conversion ratio. The chicks were managed on a deep litter system and the experiment lasted for six weeks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the feeding trial. Results revealed that feed intake of birds ranged from 78.5-87.3 (g/b/d), live weight gain ranged from 49.3 – 53.9 (g/b/d) while feed conversion ratio ranged between 1.59 and 1.64. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, significant (P < 0.05) difference was observed in live weight gain where birds on treatments B, C, and D were superior to birds on treatment A. The market costs of the feeds at the time of the experiment were used to calculate the feed cost (₦ / kg), total feed cost (₦), feed cost (₦ /kg gain). Feed cost ₦/kg gain was best in treatment A. Keywords: Appraisal, Performance, Broiler birds, Commercial feed, Kano state.

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Smith, S. N., M. E. Davis, and S. C. Loerch. "Residual feed intake of Angus beef cattle divergently selected for feed conversion ratio." Livestock Science 132, no. 1-3 (August 2010): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.04.019.

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Asril, Muhammad, Samadi Samadi, and Yunasri Usman. "Pengaruh Substitusi Amtabis yang Difermentasi dengan Aspergillus Niger terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 854–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1240.

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Abstrak: Penelitian initelah dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlokasi di Darussalam Banda Aceh sejaktanggal 4 Desember 2015 sampai dengan tanggal 9 Januari 2016. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh subtitusi Amtabisterhadap performa ayam broiler yang meliputi pertambahan berat badan, konsumsi pakan dan feed conversion ratio. Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsumsi ransum, pertambahan berat badan, konversi ransum dan efisiensi ransum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi Amtabis dalam ransum komersial pada level yang berbeda selama perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap pertambahan berat badan, namun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, rasio konversi pakan dan efisiensi pakan.Terjadinya penurunan performa broiler dengan pemberian Amtabis kemungkinan disebabkan karena ketidak seimbangan kandungan nutrisi dalam ransum akibat penambahan Amtabis dalam pakan komersil. The Effect of Substitution Fermented Amtabis with Aspergillus Niger on Broiler Performance Abstrack: Study on the effect of substitution fermented Amtabis with Aspergillus niger on broiler performance was conducted at Experimental Farm Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Department, Syiah Kuala University Darussalam Banda Aceh from 4 December 2015 to 9 January 2016. The purposes of this study was to evaluate substitution of fermented Amtabis with commercial broiler on broiler performance including body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. Parameters which were observed in this study were body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. The results on the study indicate that substitution of Amtabis in commercial feed significantly effected (P0,05)on body weight, but had no significantly effect (P0,05)on feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency.Decreasing of performance broiler by substitution Amtabis in the commercial feed was probably caused by imbalance of nutritive feed formulation after Amtabis substitution

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Sekar Ningsih, Fitria, Novi Eka wati, and Miki Suhadi. "PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale var Rubrum) DALAM PAKAN AYAM BROILER TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT BADAN, KONVERSI PAKAN DAN KONSUMSI PAKAN." Wahana Peternakan 5, no. 2 (September 24, 2021): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37090/jwputb.v5i2.463.

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ABSTRACT This aim of study was to determined effect of red ginger flour (Zingiber Officinale Var Rubrum) as herbal feed additive in Broiler Chiken on feed comsumption, daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio.The research was conducted on September – Oktober 2020 at Gisting Atas Village, Gisting District, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung. The experiment used 80 unisex Broiler aged 1 week. They were feed a ration with control ration + 0% red ginger flour (P0), control ration + 0,25% red ginger flour (P1), control ration + 0,5% red ginger flour (P2), control ratio + 0,75% red ginger flour (P3) during 20 days. The control ration containing 21% crude protein and 3108 kkal/kg metabolism energy. The study used a quantitative methods with completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the ration had no effect (P> 0,05) on feed comsumption, daily weight gain and conversion ratio. The conclution of the research showed that the addition of level red ginger flour (Zingiber Officinale Var Rubru) until 0,75% as herbal feed additive in Broiler Chiken no effect on feed comsumption, daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Keywords: Red ginger flour, Broiler, Feed Comsumption, Daily Weight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio.

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Ugwuowo, L. C., and N. H. Anyaokei. "Tolerance of African giant land snails (Archachatina marginata) to varying levels of table Salt." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i4.106.

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An experiment was conducted to determine the growth response of African giant land snail Archachatina marginata fed diets containing different levels of sodium chloride. One hundred and twenty snails were subjected to four dietary treatments of T1, T2, T3 and T4 with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% sodium chloride respectively. The treatments were replicated thrice with 10 snails per replicate. The measured parameters included weight gain, feed intake, shell length, shell circumference and shell thickness. Feed cost, cost of feed per kg weight gain and feed conversion ratio were also calculated. Results showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, feed cost and shell thickness but there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in cost of feed per kg weight gain, shell length and shell circumference in the snails fed the treatment diets. Treatment 2 had the highest average daily weight gain (0.07±0.01), average daily feed intake (0.91±0.08) and feed cost (7.19±0.64) but the lowest feed conversion ratio (13.15±61.76) while treatment 1 had the lowest average daily weight gain (0.04±0.01), average daily feed intake (0.70±0.20) and feed cost (5.54±0.18) but the highest feed conversion ratio (15.86±0.5). This shows that inclusion of sodium chloride above 0.25% in the diet of Archachatina marginata affects both the feed intake and weight gain of the snails.

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Wallady, A. A., B. S. Rahardja, and H. Kenconojati. "Dietary combination of maggot and commercial feed enhance the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish (Channa striata)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1036, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1036/1/012085.

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Abstract Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a carnivorous freshwater fish commodity that has high economic value. However, this cultivation takes a long period due to its poor growth rate. Maggot has been proposed as a possible alternative to fish feed because it is less expensive and has nutritional value. This study aimed to determine the effect of the dietary combination of maggot and pellets on the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were P0: 100% pellet, P1: 100% maggot, P2: 75% pellets and 25% maggot, P3: 50% pellets and 50% maggot, P4: 25% pellets and 75% maggot. The result showed a combination of pellet feed and maggot feed had a significant improvement (p<0.05) on the growth rate of snakehead fish. However, there were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio (p>0.05). The treatment of 75% pellet feed and 25% maggot feed (P2) generated the highest growth rate of 0.154 g/day and the lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.121. It can be concluded that the combination of maggot and pellet experienced better growth performance and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish.

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Orbeci, Cristina, Oana Cristina Parvulescu, Elena Acceleanu, and Tanase Dobre. "Effects of Process Factors on Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Ni/SBA-15 Catalyst." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 10 (November 15, 2017): 2325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.10.5878.

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The process of CO2 reformation of CH4 was conducted over a 5% Ni/SBA-15 catalyst under various experimental conditions. Operating temperature (600-750 �C), gas hourly space velocity (4000-12000 hr-1), and CO2/CH4 feed molar ratio (0.67-1.50) were selected as independent parameters (factors). Process performances were evaluated as conversions of CH4 (21.1-79.6%) and CO2 (42.4-98.7%) as well as H2/CO product molar ratio (0.573-0.992). All process performances were enhanced at higher levels of temperature and low values of gas velocity. An increase in feed molar ratio has determined a significant increase in CH4 conversion and a slighter decrease in CO2 conversion and H2/CO molar ratio. A statistical model based on a 23 factorial plan was used to predict the process performances depending on its factors.

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Khuleel, Rafh Mohammed Taher. "Relationship Between Body Composition and Performance of Local Turkey." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 16 (January 1, 2011): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol16iss0pp75-81.

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This study examined the relationship between carcass composition and performance traits of local turkey fed starter diet (30.2% protein, 2950 kcal/kg ME). At 8 week of age, male and female chicks were separated and reared in individual cages until 16 weeks of age. At the end of the experiment, the birds were slaughtered and carcasses were analyzed for chemical composition to predict chemical composition (moisture, ash, protein and fat) from performance traits such as initial body weight (g) at 8wk, final live body weight (g) at 16wk, daily weight gain (g), daily feed intake (g), feed conversion ratio, daily protein intake (g), protein conversion ratio, dressing-out percentage. There were significant correlations between moisture, protein and fat; between ash, protein, fat and dressing-out percentage; between protein, fat and dressing-out percentage; between fat, moisture, ash, protein, live body weight, feed conversion ratio, protein conversion ratio and dressing-out percentage. Although the coefficient of correlation (R2) for prediction equations was not high, the moisture content equation depends on feed conversion ratio while for ash, protein and fat depends on dressing-out percentage.

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Hooge, DM, KR Cummings, and JL McNaughton. "Effects of an Ionophore Coccidiostat (Monensin or Salinomycin), Sodium or Potassium Bicarbonate, or Both, and Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate in Broiler Chicken Diets." Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola 2, no. 1 (April 2000): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-635x2000000100011.

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Peterson x Arbor Acres chicks were grown on used litter to 45 or 46 days of age in three pen trials. Coccidial inoculations were given by water at 14 days of age. Sodium bicarbonate (SBC; 0.20%) or potassium bicarbonate (PBC; 0.14%) was added to broiler chicken diets containing monensin (MON; 110 mg/kg) or salinomycin (SAL; 66 mg/kg) in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, using SAL (55 mg/kg), three dietary bicarbonate treatments (SBC, 0.20%; PBC, 0.20%; or SBC + PBC 0.10% each) were tested with or without BMD R (55 mg/kg). Diets differing in SAL, BMD R, and SBC levels were evaluated in Experiment 3. Beneficial interaction was found between ionophores and bicarbonates for mortality (lower when SBC or PBC and MON) in Experiment 1. For main effects, in Experiment 1 PBC with MON or SAL improved body weight, feed conversion ratio and mortality. SAL improved weight, feed conversion ratio and mortality compared to MON. In Experiment 2, PBC with SAL improved weight, coccidial lesion score, feed conversion ratio and mortality across two levels of BMD R. The PBC and SBC were equally effective in Experiment 1, but PBC was about 0 to 40% as effective as SBC, depending on parameter in Experiment 2. Half levels of SBC plus PBC generally gave intermediate results between control and SBC. SBC with MON or SAL lowered mortalities, coccidial lesion scores, and feed conversion ratios (Experiments 1 and 2), and increased body weight (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, BMD R in all feeds improved body weight and feed conversion versus in starter feed only, and SBC with SAL and BMD R improved all performance parameters.

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Aziz, Nazrina, Masnita Misiran, Tan Sear Yin, Tan Hooi Yee, Ng Jia Hui, Lu Yun Pei, Nor Idayu Mahat, Muhammad Mat Yusof, and Amir Shah Ruddin. "The Effect of Climate Change to the Farm Shrimp Growth and Production: An Empirical Analysis." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.1 (September 12, 2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.1.28242.

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The shrimp growth and production can be measured through several components such as the harvest ton, mean body weight, survival rate and feed conversion ratio. According to previous studies, the shrimp feed conversion ratio should have a positive relationship with their mean body weight. Nevertheless, in real scenario, high feed conversion ratio does not necessarily implies maximum increment of mean body weight. The measurement of those components usually can be influenced by many factors such as climates, stocking density and day of culture. This study in particular explores the effect of climates on productivity of the shrimp species, Penaeus Vannamei and investigates whether feed conversion ratio influences the mean body weight when stocking are done at different climate season. First, the one-way MANOVA was used to measure the effect between the climate seasons and P. Vannamei production. Then, the regression analysis was apply to measure the relationship between P. Vannamei feed conversion ratio and mean body weight for different climate seasons. Finally, to find the best season for sustainable production of P. Vannamei, the average score of P. Vannamei production was measured according to their stocking climate season. Result revealed that dry season was more favorable for the growth and production of P. Vannamei compared to wet season.

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Campo, J. L., and H. Turrado. "Experimental comparison between selection for residual feed consumption and feed conversion ratio in Tribolium." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 115, no. 1-6 (January 12, 1998): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1998.tb00346.x.

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Agostini, P. S., A. G. Fahey, E. G. Manzanilla, J. V. O’Doherty, C. de Blas, and J. Gasa. "Management factors affecting mortality, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs." Animal 8, no. 8 (2014): 1312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731113001912.

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Varkoohi, S., M. Moradi Shahr Babak, A. Pakdel, A. Nejati Javaremi, M. Zaghari, and A. Kause. "Response to selection for feed conversion ratio in Japanese quail." Poultry Science 89, no. 8 (August 2010): 1590–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-00744.

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Eratalar, Sabri Arda. "The effects of plastic slatted floor and a deep- litter system on the growth performance of hybrid Pekin ducks." Archives Animal Breeding 64, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-1-2021.

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Abstract. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of plastic slatted floors and a deep-litter system using wood shavings on the growth performance of current commercial hybrid Pekin ducks. A total of 96 Pekin ducks (Star 53) were reared for 42 d. Live weight, live-weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, and water ∕ feed consumption ratio were investigated as the performance criteria. With the use of plastic slatted floors, the feed conversion rate dropped and the water ∕ feed consumption ratio showed an incline (p<0.05). This is a very favourable result for the poultry industry and growers. The remaining parameters did not change by altering the ground system (p>0.05). Generally, it can be stated that plastic slatted floor use has advantages concerning the performance criteria of the feed consumption ratio and the water ∕ feed consumption ratio in comparison to the deep-litter system. Furthermore, improvement in the feed conversion ratio is known to benefit the overall performance of poultry as well as having a positive economic impact. It should also be noted that as the birds grew, they were visually less stained, which is another important factor determining feather quality. However, this should be further investigated in future research.

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Rachmawati, Diana, Pinandoyo Pinandoyo, and Anita Dwi Purwanti. "Penambahan Halquinol dalam Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Baung (Mystus nemurus)." Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2006): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfs.169.

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This research aimed to determine effect of halquinol addition as feed additive in artificial feed of baung (Mystus nemurus) seed. Some factor measured as indicators of the effect were growth rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate and optimum dose of halquinol which resulted the best growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate. Baung fish seed (0,83 g of mean body weight) were used in this experiment. The seed were obtained from Freshwater Aquaculture Center (BBAT), Sukabumi,West Java. The test feed was commercial artificial feed powder which was pelleted. This research used Completely Random Design with 4 treatments in triplicates. The treatments were addition of halquinol in the feed with different concentration i.e.: A (0 mg/kg), B (12.5 mg/kg), C (25 mg/kg) and D(37.5 mg/kg). The result indicated that addition of halquinol in feed increased the growth rate and decreased feed conversion ratio, but did not affect the survival rate of baung seed. Addition of halquinol at 25 mg/kg feed gave the highest growth rate and lowest FCR.

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Bakti Bawono, Wiku, Boedi Setya Rahardja, and Prayogo Prayogo. "Substitusi Silase Secara Kimiawi Limbah Padat Surimi Ikan Swanggi (Priacanthus macracanthus) pada Tepung Ikan terhadap Retensi Energi dan Rasio Konversi Pakan Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) [Chemical Silage Substitution of Swanggi Surimi Solid Waste (Priacanthus macracanthus) of Fish Meal Toward Energy Retention and Tiplapia Seeds (Oreochromis niloticus) Feed Conversion Rate]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 7, no. 2 (January 13, 2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v7i2.11203.

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Abstract Swanggi surimi waste can be processed into economically valuable source of protein through chemical treatment processes produce crude protein content ranging from 51%. Results of high energy retention and reduced feed conversion ratio of solid waste as a substitute swanggi fish surimi fish meal is expected to optimize the growth of tilapia with lower feed prices, thereby reducing the high cost of feed in aquaculture. This study aims to determine the chemical silage substitution of solid waste swanggi fish surimi (P. macracanthus) in fish meal. The experimental design completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments with five replications. The treatment used is the number of different proteins in each feed rations. The main parameters are observed energy retention (%) and feed conversion ratio. Analysis of data using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed Duncan's multiple range test. These results indicate that substitution is chemically silage solid waste swanggi surimi fish in fish meal provides highly significant effect (p <0.05) on the retention of energy and feed conversion ratio tilapia fish. The average retention of the highest energy on a few observations are in treatment P3 (67,90a ± 0.86%) and the lowest at P0 (64,72b ± 1.17%). Average feed conversion ratio was lowest for the treatment P3 (2,41c ± 0.028) and the highest pda P0 (2,50a ± 0.018).

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Islama, Dini, Farah Diana, Sry Yunanda, Fazril Saputra, Citra Dina Febrina, and Zulfadhli Zulfadhli. "UJI EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN MINYAK KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccanus) PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP TINGKAT KONVERSI PAKAN DAN EFISIENSI PAKAN IKAN BILEH (Rasbora sp.)." Jurnal Akuakultura Universitas Teuku Umar 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/ja.v4i2.3458.

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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the giving candlenut oil (aleurites moluccanus) in commercial feed on feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.). Thecompletely randomized design method was used in this study with four treatments and three replications. The treatments studied were pellet without the giving candlenut oil (P0), pellet with the giving candlenut oil 5%/kg of feed (P1), pellet with the giving candlenut oil 10%/kg of feed (P2) and pellet with the giving candlenut oil 15%/kg of feed (P3). Bileh fish seed stocking density was 1 individu/l with the length of 3,5-4 cm and weight of 0,61-0,86 g. The culture period of fish farming was 40 days. The ANOVA test showed that the commercial feed with the giving candlenut oil gave significant effect on feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, specific growth rate of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.), but did not give significant effect on survival rate of bileh fish seed. The best dose to increase feed efficiency and low feed conversion ratio of bileh fish seed is pellet with the giving candlenut oil 15%/kg of feed (P3).

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Purba, Laurentia Henrieta Permita Sari, Wida Hening Sukma Crisdiati, and Florenchia Ersha Kurnia Putri. "Eco-Enzyme Supplementation in the Fish Commercial Feed on Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 27, 2022): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2022.v09i05.001.

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Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. One of the challenge of fish production is the high cost of the feed. Thus, the efficiency of fish feed should be improved by adding supplementation that could promotes fish growth and health. This study aimed to to investigate the effects of eco-enzyme supplementation into commercial feed on growth, feed utilization and survival rate in O. niloticus. The fish juvenile which used in this research was 4.95±0.95 g which obtained from the local fisheries in Yogyakarta. The research done using completely randomized design (CRD), four treatments, and three replications. The treatments were different eco-enzyme supplementation in commercial fish feeds: A: control/commercial feed, B: commercial feed supplemented with 20mL eco-enzyme, C: commercial feed supplemented with 40mL eco-enzyme, and D: commercial feed supplemented with 60mL eco-enzyme. Relative growth rate, food conversion ratio, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ration, and survival rate were used as parameters tested. The results showed that feed supplemented with 40ml eco-enzyme gave best effect of relative growth rate (RGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), and protein efficiency rate (PER) of fingerlings tilapia fish. While highest survival rate (SR) were obtained by the addition of 60 ml of eco-enzyme.

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Yulianto, Andreas Berny, Anam Al Arif, and Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari. "The Potency of Bifidobacterium spp. as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Feed Conversion Ratio, Feed Efficiency, and Nutrient Intake in Laying Hens." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 56, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.2.23.

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This article describes a new idea about using Bifidobacteriumsp isolates as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, based on the ability of Bifidobacteriumsp isolates, which have the potential as a probiotic in laying hens. This study aims to prove that Bifobacteriumsp could improve production performance, including feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, and nutrient intake (feed intake, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter). A total of 150 laying hens at 25 weeks of age were divided into three groups (P0: control, P1: 0.1% antibiotic growth promoters, P1: 0.05% Bifidobacterium spp. probiotic) and fed on a basal diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 18% crude protein for four weeks. The different supplementation to the basal diets showed significant differences (p<0.05) on feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, feed intake, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter intake among the treatments. However, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter intake were lowest in the group fed with 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp. The highest feed efficiency was obtained from the groups fed with 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp, compared with the control and supplemented antibiotics growth promoters group. 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp. supplementation to the diet of laying hens is beneficial for increasing feed efficiency and improving feed conversion ratio. The practical and theoretical significance of the results is that Bifidobacterium spp. can be used to improve production performance in laying hens.

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Efianda, Teuku Reza, Yusnita Yusnita, Nurul Najmi, Kiki Rishki Ananda, and Fazril Saputra. "PENGARUH KULIT BUAH NAGA (Hylocereus polyhizus) DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PRODUKSI IKAN KOI (Cyprinus carpio)." JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS 7, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v7i2.1915.

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This study aims to determine the rate of growth, survival, and feed conversion ratio in feed of Cyprinus carpio with Hylocereus polyhizus. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments in this study include 0% (P0), 5% (P1), 10% (P2), and 15% (P3). The method of feeding uses 5% feeding rate with a frequency of three times a day (morning, afternoon, evening). The research parameters observed included survival, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and water quality. Quantitative research results showed the best survival at P3 of 92.5%, the best specific growth rate at P3 treatment was 0.04 g / day, the best feed conversion ratio at P3 was 1.06, while the results of qualitative research on water quality showed temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen is in optimal condition according to the water quality of koi fish. The conclusion of the 15% treatment study (P3) is the best dose of Hylocereus polyhizus substitution of Cyprinus carpio with increased survival and specific growth rate, and decreases the rate of feed conversion ratio. Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, Growth, Hylocereus polyhizus, Production, Survival Rate.

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Amir, Nizar, Makhfud Efendy, and Agriananta Fahmi Hidayat. "Effects of Dietary Salt-Based Minerals and Phosphorus Supplements on Mean Body Weight, Survival Rate and Feed Conversion Ratio of White Shrimp Reared In Brackish Water." Rekayasa 14, no. 3 (December 28, 2021): 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/rekayasa.v14i3.11808.

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This study aimed to examine the impact of dietary salt-based mineral and phosphorus supplements on mean body weight, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio of Litopenaeus vannamei (white shrimp) reared in brackish water. The experiment was performed randomized design with three replicates in each treatment used twelve 40 L rectangular polymethyl methacrylate containers reared 45 days. The four treatments in this study were based on the concentration of salt-based mineral and phosphorus supplements (control or 0 ppm, one ppm, two ppm, and three ppm) in dietary of white shrimp. The results showed that using salt-based mineral and phosphorus supplements in dietary of white shrimp positively impacts mean body weight, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio. Increasing the concentration of salt-based mineral and phosphorus supplements increased mean body weight and survival rate and reduced feed conversion ratio of white shrimp. The mean body weight, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio of white shrimp were achieved with three ppm of dietary salt-based mineral, and phosphorus supplements reared 45 days was 5.98 gr, 88.57%, and 1.45, respectively.

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Hendriks, J., F. W. C. Neser, J. B. Van Wyk, F. J. Jordaan, and M. M. Scholtz. "Estimates of variance components for feedlot traits of the Simmentaler breed in South Africa." South African Journal of Animal Science 51, no. 6 (May 9, 2022): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v51i6.12.

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Breeding of beef cattle is changing, with more emphasis on efficiency of production. Feed cost is the highest expense, and reducing it has the potential to increase profitability. Common measures of efficiency are ratio traits such as feed conversion (feed consumed/weight gain) and feed efficiency (weight gain / feed consumed). Feed conversion ratio is commonly used in South Africa in an attempt to improve feed efficiency. These ratio traits are associated with growth rate. Selection for them would result in higher growth as a correlated response and might also increase the mature size of the cows and their maintenance cost. Thus, alternative efficiency traits such as residual feed intake and residual daily gain have been proposed. In this study, variance components, and genetic parameters for feedlot traits for the South African Simmentaler breed were estimated, with emphasis on the efficiency traits. The focus was to evaluate the use of residual feed intake as an alternative trait. The results indicate non-significant correlations between residual feed intake and body weight and growth traits, implying that residual feed intake should have little effect on the other traits. This is in contrast to the moderate to strong correlations of feed conversion ratio with the same traits. The study demonstrates that considerable genetic variation exists for residual feed intake, which can be exploited. Selection for residual feed intake can reduce the carbon footprint of beef due to the associated lower methane emissions.

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Ham, Brian R., Christopher A. Myrick, Frederic T. Barrows, Carl J. Yeoman, Glenn C. Duff, Mark G. Maskill, and Wendy M. Sealey. "Feed Characteristics Alter Growth Efficiency of Cutthroat Trout." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/052014-jfwm-042.

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Abstract Hatchery-cultured cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii fed some commercially available rainbow trout feeds display slow growth and increased mortality. Feed characteristics such as buoyancy and texture alter feed acceptance in some fish species, but their effects have not been adequately addressed in cutthroat trout. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether feed structure and behavior preferences explain the decreased hatchery performance of juvenile cutthroat trout. To achieve this, we conducted two feeding trials in which we fed Westslope cutthroat trout O. clarkii lewisi and Snake River finespotted cutthroat trout O. clarkii behnkei a single diet formulation manufactured to display four different characteristics (floating, sinking, semimoist pellets, or a flake feed) and compared consumption, weight gain, and survival. In the first feeding trial, we stocked Westslope cutthroat trout (initial weight 11.3 g ± 0.5 g) at 20 fish/tank. We used two different sizes of tanks, with four replicate small tanks (54-L) and two replicate large tanks (96-L) per feed type. Results of the first trial demonstrated a significant effect of feed type but not tank size on weight gain of Westslope cutthroat trout with no interaction. Westslope cutthroat trout fed the flake feed gained less weight than did fish fed any of the other feed types. Feed conversion ratio was affected by both feed type and tank size with no interaction. In a second feeding trial, Snake River cutthroat trout (initial weight 19.5 g ± 0.5 g) were stocked at 20 fish/tank in 96-L tanks with four replicate tanks per feed type. Results of the second trial demonstrated that Snake River cutthroat trout fed the flake feed grew less, had higher feed conversion ratio, elevated hepatosomatic index, and reduced muscle ratio compared with fish fed the other feeds. Results demonstrate that flake feeds are not adequate for cutthroat trout at this life stage. However, additional research is needed to address other culture-related limitations because only minor differences between fish fed other feed types were detected.

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Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas, Andre Dianata Hogi Kusuma, Yoshua Wira Putra Budiono, Haniif Prasetiawan, Pragusti Lintang Adhi Nanggala, and I Istadi. "Biodiesel Production from Used Cooking Oil Using Integrated Double Column Reactive Distillation: Simulation Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 94, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.94.1.152162.

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Dependency on fossil – based energy has become a global problem. Indonesia has started a movement in changing energy sources from fossil to new and renewable energy. Biodiesel is one of the renewable energy sources. Used cooking oil is one of the prospective feed-stock in biodiesel production. Used cooking oil contains 21.84% free fatty acid and 78.16% triglycerides. This study simulated the production of biodiesel from used cooking oil using the Aspen Plus v10 software. The production system used an Integrated Double Column Reactive Distillation (IDC-RD) system. The thermodynamic method employed in the simulation system was UNIQUAC. This study used the sensitivity analysis function in the Aspen Plus v10 application to analyze the effect of reflux ratio, the bottom to feed ratio, and the methanol to oil ratio on the reaction conversion. The reflux ratio applied in the simulation was 0.5 – 200, the bottom to feed ratio was 0.25 - 0.9, and the methanol to oil ratio was 1: 3 - 9:8. It was found that the esterification column with a reflux ratio of 0.5, a bottom to feed ratio of 0.5, and a methanol-oil ratio of 4: 1 resulted in a conversion of 96.59%. It was also demonstrated that the transesterification column with a reflux ratio of 0.5, a bottom to feed ratio of 0.5, and a methanol-oil ratio of 3: 1 resulted in a conversion of 99.98%.

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Umar, A. M. "Feeding low dietary energy for growth of broiler chickens during finisher period provides least feed conversion ration." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i5.1301.

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Energy is an important component of diets without which animals will not grow. Thus, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of low dietary energy on growth performance of broiler chicken at finisher stage. Two hundred and twenty five Zartech strain day old chicks were raised intensively for four weeks in a completely randomized design. The birds were grouped into three treatments of 75 birds and sub-divided into three replications of 25 birds. Three experimental diets of three energy levels (2,400; 2,600 and 2,800 ME Kcal/Kg designated A, B and C, respectively) with 20% crude protein were formulated and fed to the broiler chickens to assess feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ration and feed cost gain ration. The data were subjected to one way analysis of variance and means were separated using least significant difference. Results showed that feed intake decreased as the energy value of the feed increased. There was significant (p<0.05) difference in total feed intake between the treatments. No significant (p>0.05) difference was recorded in terms of initial live weight, final live weight, feed conversion ratio, feed conversion efficiency, feed cost and cost/gain. Feed cost showed progressive increase as the energy level of the diet increased. Lowest cost/gain ratio was reported from diet C. It was concluded that feed intake decreased as the energy value of the feed increased. It is therefore, recommended that broiler chickens should be fed with diet containing 2 800 ME Kcal/Kg as it provides the least feed conversion ratio.

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Thaiin, Ataina, Agustono, and Mohammad Anam Al Arif. "Effect of Lysine Supplementation in Commercial Feed on Energy Retention and Feed Conversion Ratio of Carp (Osphronemus gouramy)." World's Veterinary Journal 11, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/scil.2021.wvj38.

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The long period of raising carp (Osphronemus gouramy) causes the need for excessive feed. One way that can accelerate the growth of this fish in order to shorten the maintenance period is by the addition of essential amino acids, such as lysine. However, this certainly gives its own influence on energy retention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influences of addition of lysine in feed on energy retention and feed conversion ratio of carp. The research method used an experimental method with a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and four replications. The treatments used were the addition of Lysine 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% to the feed. The present experiment was conducted for a year. The results showed that the addition of lysine as much as 2% in commercial feed can increase the energy retention of carp (Osphronemus gouramy). Moreover, the addition of lysine by giving up to 2.5% cannot reduce the feed conversion ratio in carp (Osphronemus gourami) rearing. It can be concluded that the use of lysine has different effects related to the increase in retention and decrease conversion ratio in carp.

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Nwokoro, S. O. "Effects Of Blood Meal, Chicken Offal Meal And Fish Meal As Sources Of Methionine And Lysine In Starter Cockerels Diets." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 20 (January 5, 2021): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v20i.2105.

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The effects were studied of using combinations of plant protein sources, GNC, Palm Kernel cake, and cotton and seed cake diets, supplemented with 4 sources of methionine (M) and Lysine (L), synthetic M+L, blood meal + M, fish meal, or chicken offal meal (COM) in 8-Week 3 x 4 factorial experiment with starter cockerels. Sources of M and L did not affect mean daily gain of the birds but significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in feed intake, feed per gain ratio, protein efficiency ratio (PER), nitrogen retention (NR) as well as economy of feed conversion. Maximum weight, best feed conversion ratio, PER and economy of feed conversion were observed in the M+L dietary group followed by those on blood meal + M supplementary group where maximum NR was observed. The least response values (except NR) were obtained in the COM group. This study indicated that starter cockerels (0-8 weeks) fed diets supplemented with synthetic methionine and lysine gave the most optional performance.

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Silva, Caio Abércio da, Aliny Ketilim Novais, Rita De Kássia Santos, Carlos Rodolfo Pierozan, Piero Da Silva Agostini, and Josep Gasa Gasó. "Influence of production factors on feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n2p997.

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The aim of this study was to identify and quantify, through mathematical models, the production factors of grow-finishing (GF) phases that influence the daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in pigs. Sixty-five GF farms were evaluated between 2010 and 2013, linked to a cooperative system located in the western Parana State, Brazil, representing 463 batches, with a mean of 642.79 ± 363.29 animals per batch, equalling approximately 300,000 animals. Forty production factors were considered that related to management, sanitation, installations and equipment, nutrition, genetics and environment on the farms. The DFI was influenced by the barn's position relative to the sun (P = 0.048), initial body weight (P < 0.0001) and final body weight (P < 0.0001). It was observed that the FCR was influenced by the barn’s position relative to the sun (P = 0.0001), the use of humidifiers/misting (P = 0.03), the presence of composters (P = 0.006), trees on the sides of barns (P < 0.045), the initial body weight of the pigs (P < 0.0001) and duration of the grow-finishing phase (P < 0.0001). The variables selected in the models explained approximately 44 and 20% of the total variance in the DFI and FCR, respectively, demonstrating that this resource is a good tool for interpreting the factors related to the parameters evaluated.

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Saputra, Fazril, and Yusran Ibrahim. "PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PROBIOTIK YANG BERBEDA PADA PAKAN BUATAN TERHADAP RASIO KONVERSI PAKAN DAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN GABUS LOKAL (Channa sp) HASIL DOMESTIKASI." JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS 8, no. 1 (June 3, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v8i1.2976.

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Snakehead fish (Channa sp.) was one of Indonesia's native freshwater commodities that has been successfully domesticated by fish cultivators in Indonesia. However, domesticated snakehead fish cultivation still has obstacles, namely the high value of the feed conversion ratio and the low growth rate of local snakehead fish. Overcoming this problem requires a technology that can optimize the feed conversion ratio and growth rate of domestic snakehead fish. One technology that can be applied is the used of probiotic technology. This study aims to test the provision of different probiotics through feed to optimize the feed conversion ratio and growth rate of domestic snakehead fish. This research was conducted using experimental methods. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The treatments were treatment without probiotics / control (P0), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus spp. and Nitrosomonas sp. (P1), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P2), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter, Rhodobacter sp., Yeast (P3). The results showed that giving different probiotic compositions through feed on the parameters of feed conversion ratio and growth rate did not give results that were not significantly different (P> 0.05) when compared to control, but the highest treatment value was found in the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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Rachmatika, Rini, and Siti Nuramaliati Prijono. "POTENSI BIOLOGI BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN KINERJA ITIK RAJA." Buletin Peternakan 39, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v39i2.6717.

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<p>This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of papaya seed in feed on Raja duck’s performance. Experimental animals were 72 birds of 7 days old Raja ducks. Variables observed were feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Experiment was assigned in one way of Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and three replication (six birds each). The treatments diets were T0 = basal diets without papaya seed, T1=0.3%, T2=0.6%, and T3=1.2% papaya seed. Dietary treatment were provided until 45 days of age. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using SPSS 16.0 and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test for all significant results at 5% level of probability. Result showed that feeding diets with 1.2% papaya seed supplementation reduced feed intake but increased body weight gain, resulted in better feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). It might indicate that papaya seed has potency to improve performance of Raja ducks.</p><p>(Key words: Duck, Feed conversion ratio, Papaya seed, Performance)</p>

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Olmos, Jorge, Leonel Ochoa, Jesus Paniagua-Michel, and Rosalia Contreras. "Functional Feed Assessment on Litopenaeus vannamei Using 100% Fish Meal Replacement by Soybean Meal, High Levels of Complex Carbohydrates and Bacillus Probiotic Strains." Marine Drugs 9, no. 6 (June 17, 2011): 1119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md9061119.

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Functional feed supplemented with alternative-economic nutrient sources (protein, carbohydrates, lipids) and probiotics are being considered in shrimp/fish aquaculture production systems as an option to increase yield and profits and to reduce water pollution. In this study the probiotic potential to formulate functional feeds have been evaluated using four dietary treatments: Treatment 1 (B + Bs); Bacillus subtilis potential probiotic strain was supplemented to a soybeanmeal (SBM)—carbohydrates (CHO) basal feed. Treatment 2 (B + Bm); Bacillus megaterium potential probiotic strain was supplemented to the same SBM-CHO basal feed. In Treatment 3 (B); SBM-CHO basal feed was not supplemented with probiotic strains. Treatment 4 (C); fishmeal commercial feed (FM) was utilized as positive control. Feeding trials evaluated the survival, growth, and food conversion ratio and stress tolerance of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) Pacific white shrimp. Best overall shrimp performance was observed for animals fed with Treatment 1 (B+Bs); additionally, stress tolerance and hemolymph metabolites also showed the best performance in this treatment. SBM-CHO basal feed not supplemented with probiotic strains (B) presented smaller growth and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR). Shrimps fed with the fishmeal commercial feed (C) presented the lowest stress tolerance to high ammonia and low oxygen levels. Specifically selected B. subtilis strains are recommended to formulate functional and economical feeds containing high levels of vegetable; protein and carbohydrates as main dietary sources in L. vannamei cultures.

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Ukachukwu, S. N., and F. C. Obioha. "Effect of processing methods on the nutritional value of Mucuna cochinchinensis to broiler chicks." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 2 (2007): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03111.

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The performance and nutrient retention of broilers fed raw (RMD), toasted (TMD), boiled (BMD), soaked and boiled (SMD) or no (NMD) Mucuna cochinchinensis seed diets at both starter and finisher phases were assessed using 400 broiler chicks. The birds were fed a common proprietary feed (Top Feed) until 2 weeks of age, followed by a treatment diet for 3 weeks of the starter period, then 5 weeks on the finisher diet. At the starter phase, RMD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liveweight, daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and encouraged poorer feed conversion ratio and higher cost per kilogram weight gain when compared with other diets. TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio. RMD also decreased (P < 0.05) retention of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and energy while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) retention of only DM, CP, and energy. At the finisher phase, RMD also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio and increased cost per kg weight gain, while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. RMD again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP, CF and energy, while TMD, as in the starter phase, again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP and energy. On a cumulative basis, RMD adversely affected (P < 0.05) all the parameters under investigation. TMD affected (P < 0.05) only the feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and cost per kg weight gain. Boiling Mucuna cochinchinensis, therefore, encourages significantly better performance of chicks, higher nutrient retention and lower cost per kg weight gain than toasting, whereas soaking before boiling does not add any advantage to boiling alone.

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Angriani, Ririn, Widya Hermana, and Muhammad Ridla. "Evaluation of cassava leaf meal (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in feed with enzymes supplementation on broiler performances." E3S Web of Conferences 335 (2022): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233500012.

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The research aimed to evaluate the effect of cassava leaf meal with enzymes supplementation in the feed on the performance of broiler. The research used factorial completly randomized design 2x3 on 240 Cobb-strain broilers. There were 6 treatments with 2 factors is used cassava leaf meal (CLM) and enzymes (non-starch polysaccharides and protease) with each dose 250 g/ton feed, i.e. P1: basal ration, P2: basal ration with enzymes, P3: ration with 1.5% CLM, P4: ration with 1.5% CLM and enzymes, P5: ration with 3.0% CLM, P6: ration with 3.0% CLM and enzymes. The variables analyzed were body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if the results indicated significantly different, then the post-hoc test conducted. The results showed that there was an interaction between CLM and enzymes on the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). The addition enzymes can decrease feed conversion ratio (from 1.91 to 1.74) siginificantly (P < 0.05). Addition CLM to a level of 3.0% did not interfere with performance. Enzymes can offset the detrimental effect caused by the use cassava leaf meal in the feed.

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Haroen, Ucop. "Pemanfaatan Tepung Daun Cabe-cabe (Lepidagathis javanica) dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Ayam Broiler." Jurnal Agripet 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v8i2.612.

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The effect of cabe cabe leaf (Lepidagathis javanica) in feed on broiler performanceABSTRACT. This study was conducted to determine the effect of using cabecabe leaf (Lepidagathis javanica) into the ration on broiler performance. Design of this experiment was assigned to Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each replication contained 5 chickens. The treatments were R0 = basal ration (as control), R1 = 97.5% of basal ration + 2.5% of cabe cabe leaf, R2 = 95.0% of basal ration + 5.0% of cabe cabe leaf and R3 = 92.5% of basal ration + 7.5% of cabe cabe leaf. Basal ration composed by corn, rice bran, soybean meal, coconut meal, fish meal, coconut oil, mineral mix and premix. Parameter measured was feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. To determine the effect of treatment on the parameter was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the significant effect of treatment on the parameter was analyzed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Result of this study showed that using cabe cabe leaf into the ration significantly (P0.05) decreased feed consumption. Daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test showed that feed consumption and daily weight gain were significant (P0.05) different between control and all level of cabe cabe leaf, however, feed conversion ratio was significant (P0.05) different only between control and 7.5% of cabe cabe leaf in the ration. It is concluded that using 2.5% of cabe cabe leaf into the ration reduced feed consumption and daily weight gain but not influenced feed conversion ratio up to 5% of using cabe cabe leaf into the ration.

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Adhi, Tri Partono, and Ferdyan Ihza Akbar. "Dynamic Study of Feed-Effluent Heat Exchanger Addition on Double Bed Configuration Ammonia Reactor System within Varied Quenching Ratio." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603047.

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Ammonia is one of the most important industrial commodity due to its wide function. Ammonia synthesis reaction is an exotermic reaction. Therefore, Feed-Effluent Heat Exchanger (FEHE) is added to increase thermal efficiency. However, FEHE could lead the process to experience hysteresis phenomenon due to interaction between equipments as one steady state T feed could result several T outlet. Hysteresis phenomenon may result asset losses like explosion, leakage, and loosing material integrity. Double bed reactor configuration allows us to use several operating parameters as variation to overcome hysteresis. In this review, quenching ratio was chosen to be that varied parameter. This study aims to determine how quenching ratio affects hysteresis zone by utilizing Aspen Hysys® V8.8 as simulation tool. Simulation showed that quenching ratio would narrow hysteresis zone yet increased extinction temperature that lower the conversion. Conversion profile showed that 0.2 quenching ratio got the highest conversion for system with bed volume ratio 2:1 while total volume was 30 m3. However, the feed temperature was fallen at hysteresis zone. Dynamic simulation showed that highest conversion feed temperature (10%ΔTf above extinct temperature) was still able to preserve stability with descending temperature approach. Hysteresis itself started to occur at 1.7%ΔTf above extinct temperature

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Sinpru, Panpradub, Cindy Riou, Satoshi Kubota, Chotima Poompramun, Wittawat Molee, and Amonrat Molee. "Jejunal Transcriptomic Profiling for Differences in Feed Conversion Ratio in Slow-Growing Chickens." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 5, 2021): 2606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092606.

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Improving feed efficiency is an important breeding target for the poultry industry; to achieve this, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of feed efficiency. We compared the jejunal transcriptomes of low- and high-feed conversion ratio (FCR) slow-growing Korat chickens (KRs). Using an original sample of 75 isolated 10-week-old KR males, we took jejunal samples from six individuals in two groups: those with extremely low FCR (n = 3; FCR = 1.93 ± 0.05) and those with extremely high FCR (n = 3; FCR = 3.29 ± 0.06). Jejunal transcriptome profiling via RNA sequencing revealed 56 genes that were differentially expressed (p < 0.01, FC > 2): 31 were upregulated, and 25 were downregulated, in the low-FCR group relative to the high-FCR group. Functional annotation revealed that these differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes related to immune response, glutathione metabolism, vitamin transport and metabolism, lipid metabolism, and neuronal and cardiac maturation, development, and growth, suggesting that these are important mechanisms governing jejunal feed conversion. These findings provide an important molecular basis for future breeding strategies to improve slow-growing chicken feed efficiency.

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AKPOJO, A. C., H. A. BUHARI, I. O. ADEJUMO, and A. T. ADESOLA. "RESPONSE OF WEANED PIGS TO DIFFERENT DIETARY PROTEIN SOURCES AND DIET TYPES." Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 20, no. 1 (December 2, 2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v20i1.2101.

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Pig is one of the most consumed meat across the globe. However, its production is limited by high cost of feed ingredients. Hence, the search for alternative cheap feed ingredients without any loss to animal’s performance is on the increase. The influence of different protein sources and feed types (wet or dry) was investigated on the growth performance, haematology and serum biochemistry of weaned pigs. Weight gain and feed conversion ratio were higher for soybean and full-fat soya-based diets. Feed and water intake were not significantly different amongst treatments. Nature of feed did not influence weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Groundnut cake meal may compare with soybean meal in pig’s diet, but it may have to be supplemented with lysine, methionine or fish meal.

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Sholiha, Feren Putri, and Budi Setiadi Daryono. "Karakter Fenotipik dan Pertumbuhan Ayam Layer (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linnaeus 1758) Hasil Penggaluran." Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 13, no. 1 (May 9, 2022): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bib.v13i1.4329.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakter fenotipik dan pertumbuhan ayam Layer hasil penggaluran. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan persilangan sesama ayam G4 Layer yang mengasilkan ayam G5 Layer. Diamati karakter morfologis, pertumbuhan bobot dan mengukur feed conversion ratio (FCR). Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu terdapat 10 individu ayam G5 Layer dengan persentase gamet jantan (70%) dan gamet betina (30%). Karakter fenotipik yang diwariskan yaitu warna bulu coklat dan kombinasi coklat-putih. Nilai Feed Conversation Ratio (FCR) sebesar 1,67 dan rata-rata pertumbuhan bobot ayam G5 Layer mencapai 491,2 gram pada umur 7 minggu.

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Wuysang, Sumarni, C. A. Rahasia, J. F. Umboh, and Y. L. R. Tulung. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MOLASES SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI PAKAN PENGUAT DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TERNAK KELINCI." ZOOTEC 37, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.37.1.2017.14413.

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UTILIZATION EFFECT OF MOLASSES AS ENERGY SOURCE IN THE DIETS ON GROWING RABBIT PERFORMANCE. Molasses had been used previously in animal feeds. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of molasses utilization in the diets on growing rabbits. The study was conducted during five weeks at Department of Animal and Feed Science Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado. Twenty eight-weeks weaned female rabbits with an initial body weight of 600 -700 gr were used in this trial. Animals were allocated in an individual cage. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications was used for analysis of variance. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% basal diet + 0% molasses; R1 = 98% basal diet + 2% molasses; R2 = 96% basal diet + 4% molasses; and R3 = 94% basal diet + 6% molasses. Variables measured were daily feed consumption, water consumption, daily gain, and feed conversion. Research results showed that average daily feed consumption in the present study ranged from 58.1 to 60.4 g; daily water consumption from 127.2 to 163.8 liters; daily gain from 20.1 to 20.9 g; and feed conversion ratio of about 3.57 to 3.80. Statistical analysis revealed that utilization of molasses replacing part of basal diets up to 6% gave no significant differences on daily feed consumption, water consumption, daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. It can be concluded that molasses as an energy source can be utilized up to 6% in growing rabbit diets without any negative effects. Keywords: Molasses, diets, growing rabbits performance

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FAHMY, M. H., P. M. FLIPOT, M. S. WOLYNETZ, and J. E. COMEAU. "POSTWEANING GROWTH RATE AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO OF LAMBS FED DIETS BASED ON CONCENTRATE VERSUS ROUGHAGES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 3 (September 1, 1989): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-074.

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Sets of twin lambs from both sexes representing 11 genetic groups were fed either concentrate (HE) or roughage (LE) diets from weaning to 32 kg liveweight. One lamb from each set received the HE diet while the other received the LE diet. Data on average daily gain (ADG), relative ADG (RADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were analyzed to test for the presence of a genotype × diet interaction; this effect was significant for RADG. Although the ranking of the genetic groups with respect to RADG depended upon diet, the group ranking highest on HE was also the highest on LE. The set of twins × diet interaction was not significant for ADG or RADG. The results support the present practice in test stations of feeding lambs concentrate rations to identify their potential for growth and basing growth comparisons on a within genetic group basis. Key words: Genotype × diet interaction, growth rate, feed conversion ratio

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Tanti, Ariyani, Yuli Retnani, and Iman Rahayu Hidayati Soesanto. "Effect of Supplementation Garlic (Allium sativum) by Various Processing on Performances of Broiler." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1020, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1020/1/012015.

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Abstract This study evaluated the effect of feeding broiler garlic processing on performance. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 200 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allocated to four diet treatments, with five replicates of ten birds each. The treatment diets are as follows; the control T0 (0%), 3% fresh garlic (T1), 3% garlic powder (T2), and 3% black garlic powder (T3), respectively. Supplementation of black garlic powder would be more costly than others. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. The average temperature and humidity observed were 27±3°C and 83%. The parameters measured were; feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, final body weight, and mortality. The result showed that supplementation of garlic processing had a significant effect (P<0.05) on performances. T1 had the highest feed intake (P<0.05). The weight gain differs significantly (P<0.05) between T1 and T3. T2 had a significant impact on final body weight (P<0.05). Although tending to have a lower feed conversion ratio in T2, there is no significant effect on feed conversion ratio and mortality. It was reported that supplementing 3 % garlic powder (T2) improves broiler growth performance and final body weight.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Feed conversion ratio'

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