Academic literature on the topic 'FEL Green function'
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Journal articles on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Shvets, G., and J. S. Wurtele. "Green function analysis of a Raman FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 358, no. 1-3 (1995): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01482-5.
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Ishii, S., G. Shvets, and J. S. Wurtele. "Computationally efficient spectral analysis of an FEL oscillator using a Green function analysis." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 358, no. 1-3 (1995): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01489-2.
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Mohanty, Sandeep Kumar, Mikhail Krasilnikov, Anne Oppelt, et al. "Development and Characterization of Multi-Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes for High-Brightness RF Photoinjectors." Micromachines 14, no. 6 (2023): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061182.
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Due to their excellent photoemissive properties, especially low thermal emittance and high sensitivity in the green wavelength, multi-alkali antimonide photocathodes, in particular, cesium–potassium–antimonide, emerged as prominent photoemissive materials for the electron sources of high-repetition-rate FEL applications. To explore its feasibility of operating in a high-gradient RF gun, DESY collaborated with INFN LASA to develop multi-alkali photocathode materials. In this report, we describe the recipe of K-Cs-Sb photocathodes, which were grown on a Mo substrate by varying the foundational Sb layer thickness using sequential deposition techniques. This report also illustrates the information regarding the film thickness, substrate temperature, deposition rate, and its possible effects on the photocathode’s properties. In addition, the influence of temperature on the cathode degradation is also summarized. Furthermore, in the framework of density functional theory (DFT), we investigated the electronic and optical properties of the K₂CsSb material. The optical properties, such as dielectric function, reflectivity, refracting index, and extinction coefficient, were evaluated. The correlation between the calculated and measured optical properties, such as reflectivity, provides a better and more efficient strategy to rationalize and understand the photoemissive material’s properties.
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Aksu, Büşra, and Hasan Yılmaz. "DETERMINATION OF USER PREFERENCES FOR THE POTENTIAL USE OF ATA BOTANICAL GARDEN AS A POST-DISASTER ASSEMBLY AREA." TURKISH JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE 9, no. 1 (2025): 186–202. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.1451744.
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Botanical gardens not only serve as areas that protect plant species, connect users with nature, and function as educational spaces, but also act as essential green spaces for urban populations. Urban green spaces can be utilized for a variety of purposes within the city. Among these functions, one of the most crucial is their role as places where people feel safe following potential disasters. In this study, a survey was conducted with 136 participants to investigate the potential of the Ata Botanical Garden, one of the significant green spaces in Erzurum, as an assembly and temporary shelter area after a disaster. The results revealed that the majority of participants live in apartment complexes without gardens (43.4%), do not feel safe where they currently reside (47.8%), and would prefer to live in safer places if given the opportunity (52.9%). It was found that the botanical garden has a high potential as an assembly area after a potential disaster (71.6%); however, in its current state, the garden is insufficient for post-disaster use (28%). Several recommendations were made to adapt the area for such purposes.
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Rovinskaya, T. L. "“The Greens” in Germany: Political Dilemmas and Compromises." Journal of Political Theory, Political Philosophy and Sociology of Politics Politeia 108, no. 1 (2023): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.30570/2078-5089-2023-108-1-182-203.
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The article analyzes the political path of the environmental party the Union 90/The Greens from the moment of the birth of the green movement in Germany to the present day. The author focuses on the transformation of the ideological platform of The Greens. Having thoroughly analyzed the stages of the party’s development and its policy documents, the author records the transition of the German Greens from conservative to liberal values, and then from the idealism and nonconformism of the 1970s—1980s to the realism and pragmatism of the 1990s—2000s, from an out-of-system radical position to the in-system centre-left position. The author also discusses the cost of their political success. Does the party manage to hew to the principles it stated? How does it deal with the political dilemmas it inevitably faces when it has to function in a real political environment in coalition with other parties? How far are The Greens willing to go in making political and ideological compromises? And does all this, in fact, correspond to the green ideology? Based on the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the dominance of the realist wing in the party, who rely on assuming power at any cost and sideline the idealists-(eco)fundamentalists who stood at the origins of the movement, leads to the erosion of the very essence of the alternative green ideology and, ultimately, to the loss of the party’s originality and attractiveness for voters. According to the author, the 2022 international crisis is a turning point in the history of the Union 90/The Greens, which will have a decisive impact on the political fate of the party in the near future.
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Ngobidi, KC, WI Egwurochi, TA Briggs, et al. "Effect of Chinese Green Tea on Glumerular Filtration Function of Albino Rats Treated with Gentamicin." International Journal of Engineering Research & Science (IJOER) 10, no. 5 (2024): 31–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11453122.
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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong>—</strong> <em>Acute kidney injury (AKI) results from reduction in glumerular filtration rate (GFR) causing the passage of little or no urine. This study investigated the effects of Chinese green tea on glumerular filtrate functions of albino rats treated with gentamicin in view to evaluate its nephroprotective effect. Animals were procured from the animal house of </em><em>Veterinary Medicine Department University of Nigeria Nsukka. The rats were transported to Biochemistry laboratory, acclimatize for 7 days and randomly assigned into five groups. The rats were fed with commercially prepared pellets (vital feed) and watered ad libitum throughout the duration of the study. Nephrotocity was induced with gentamicin at 80mg/kg for 7 consecutive days with co-administration of camellia sinensis extract. Blood samples were drawn from rats in each groups and were analyzed for biochemical parameters. Results obtained are; from urea (13.08-6.12mg/dl), creatinine (70.08-42.25mg/dl), cystatin C (0.084-0.027mg/dl) and GFR (2.20-1.30ml/mins). </em><em>Findings reveal that Gentamicin induces nephrotoxicity through induction of oxidative stress and generation of Reactive Oxygen species (ROS). Nephrotoxicity is an acute kidney injury marked by induced GFR and serum accumulation of urea, creatinine and cystatin C. Camellia sinensis contains powerful antioxidants catechins which counters the oxidant effect of gentamicin, thereby ameliorating its nephrotoxicity. Therefore crude extract of Camellia sinnesis has nephro-protective effect and ability to maintain a relatively normal GFR.</em>
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Suharyani, Suharyani, and Febri Arsetyo Wibowo. "Keberadaan Fasilitas Taman Hijau Kota Purwodadi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kenyamanan Pengunjung." Sinektika: Jurnal Arsitektur 15, no. 2 (2020): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/sinektika.v15i2.9863.
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Open spaces located in urban areas have functioned as spaces for citizen interaction for a variety of useful functions and interests. The existence of existing city parks can be utilized by citizens of the city to the fullest. This has become one of the alternatives that can be utilized by the city community for more comfortable interactions. Judging from the function of researchers interested in conducting research by formulating the problem namely how the completeness of facilities and comfort in Green Garden Purwodadi City and how comfort is felt when using the facilities available. Green Open Space Arrangement (RTH) is still being promoted by the regency government due to the lack of open green space in Grobogan Regency. So far there have only been 12.8% of public green open space, while at least it requires 20% of green open space from urban areas. Therefore, Purwodadi Green Park was chosen as the object of research. Purwodadi Green Park is a new vehicle for free and fun family recreation in downtown Purwodadi, Grobogan Regency. This study aims to find out how the criteria of a comfortable city park to interact for urban communities. Then to find out the level of comfort, can be known by using data collection methods of observation and open questionnaires. The result of study is that Purwodadi Green Park not in accordance with established standards. The incomplete facilities have resulted in visitors inconvenience caused by the lack of trees in the green park, so that during the day visitors feel the heat due to direct exposure to sunlight.
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Jang, Hyun-Ju, Simone D. Ridgeway, and Jeong-a. Kim. "Effects of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate on high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 305, no. 12 (2013): E1444—E1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00434.2013.
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Insulin resistance, a hallmark of metabolic disorders, is a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Impairment of insulin responsiveness in vascular endothelium contributes to insulin resistance. The reciprocal relationship between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction augments the pathophysiology of metabolism and cardiovascular functions. The most abundant green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been shown to have vasodilator action in vessels by activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, it is not known whether EGCG has a beneficial effect in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced endothelial dysfunction. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal chow diet (NCD) or HFD with or without EGCG supplement (50 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 10 wk. Mice fed a HFD with EGCG supplement gained less body weight and showed improved insulin sensitivity. In vehicle-treated HFD mice, endothelial function was impaired in response to insulin but not to acetylcholine, whereas the EGCG-treated HFD group showed improved insulin-stimulated vasodilation. Interestingly, EGCG intake reduced macrophage infiltration into aortic tissues in HFD mice. Treatment with EGCG restored the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of eNOS, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and protein kinase B (Akt), which was inhibited by palmitate (200 μM, 5 h) in primary bovine aortic endothelial cells. From these results, we conclude that supplementation of EGCG improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and endothelial function. The results suggest that EGCG may have beneficial health effects in glucose metabolism and endothelial function through modulating HFD-induced inflammatory response.
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Niu, Guoyao, Chiquan He, Shaohua Mao, Zongze Chen, Yangyang Ma, and Yi Zhu. "Enhanced Soil Fertility and Carbon Sequestration in Urban Green Spaces through the Application of Fe-Modified Biochar Combined with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria." Biology 13, no. 8 (2024): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13080611.
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The soil of urban green spaces is severely degraded due to human activities during urbanization, and it is crucial to investigate effective measures that can restore the ecological functions of the soil. This study investigated the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (Bacillus clausii) and Fe-modified biochar on soil fertility increases and mechanisms of carbon sequestration. Additionally, the effects on C-cycling-related enzyme activity and the bacterial community were also explored. Six treatments included no biochar or Bacillus clausii suspension added (CK), only Bacillus clausii suspension (BC), only biochar (B), only Fe-modified biochar (FeB), biochar combined with Bacillus clausii (BBC), and Fe-modified biochar combined with Bacillus clausii (FeBBC). Compared with other treatments, the FeBBC treatment significantly decreased soil pH, alleviated soil alkalization, and increased the alkali-hydro nitrogen content in the soil. Compared to the individual application of FeB and BC, the FeBBC treatment significantly improved aggregates’ stability and positively improved soil fertility and ecological function. Additionally, compared to the individual application of FeB and BC, the soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents for the FeBBC-treated soil increased by 28.46~113.52%, 66.99~434.72%, and 7.34~10.04%, respectively. In the FeBBC treatment, FeB can improve soil physicochemical properties and provide bacterial attachment sites, increase the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities, and promote the uniform distribution of carbon-related bacteria in the soil. Compared to a single ecological restoration method, FeBBC treatment can improve soil fertility and carbon sequestration, providing important reference values for urban green space soil ecological restoration.
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Oyewole, Olu, Omowumi Adewale, and Juliana Adetunji. "In vivo Effects of Black and Green Tea on Serum Lipid Profile and Cardiac Function in Hyperlipidemic Rats." Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine 5, no. 1 (2019): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i1.26.
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Objective: The study was designed to investigate the in vivo effects of black and green tea consumption on serum lipid profile and cardiac function in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats, average weight 125 g were sorted into four groups: A, B, C and D. Normal control group (A) were fed standard rat chow; the remaining three groups (B, C and D) received rat chow supplemented with 2% (w/w) cholesterol to induce hypercholesterolemia. Group C and D were administered 40 mg/ml of black and green tea respectively while group B (hyperlipidemic control) were not treated. The feeding and tea administration lasted 6 weeks. Results: Significant reduction in body weight and heart weight index was recorded in rats administered black and green tea compared with the untreated group. Black and green tea consumption also caused significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk ratio accompanied with elevated HDL-cholesterol compared to untreated group. Significant alterations in cardiac marker enzymes: creatine kinase (CK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also observed in serum and heart homogenates of untreated hyperlipidemic rats which were normalized in rats administered the teas. These results are synonymous with decreased risk of atherosclerosis and protective potential on cardiac function by green and black tea. Conclusion: We conclude in this study that regular intake of black and green tea might be useful in treatment of obesity and prevention of cardiovascular complications arising from hyperlipidemia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Lutman, Alberto. "Impact of the wakefields and of an initial energy curvature on a Free Electron Laser." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3678.
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2008/2009<br>For an X-ray free electron laser (FEL), a high-quality electron bunch with low emittance, high peak current and energy is needed. During the phases of acceleration, bunch compression and transportation, the electron beam is subject to radio frequency curvature and to wakefields
effects. Thus, the energy profile of the electron beam can present a parabolic profile, which has important electromagnetic effects on the FEL process. The quality of the electron beam is also degraded by the interaction with the low-gap undulator vacuum chamber. In our work we first analyze this interaction, deriving a formula to evaluate the longitudinal and the transversal wakefields for an elliptical cross section vacuum chamber, obtaining accurate results in the short range. Subsequently within the Vlasov-Maxwell one-dimensional model, we derive the Green functions necessary to evaluate the radiation envelope, having as initial conditions both an energy chirp and curvature on the electrons and eventually an initial bunching, which is useful to treat the harmonic generation FEL cascade configuration. This allows to study the impact of the elecron beam energy profile on the FEL performance. Using the derived Green functions we discuss FEL radiation properties such as bandwidth, frequency shift, frequency chirp and velocity of propagation. Finally, we propose a method to achieve ultra-short FEL pulses using a frequency chirp on the seed laser and a suitable electron energy profile.<br>XXII Ciclo<br>1980
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Silva, Jonathan Esteban Arroyo. "Uma técnica explícita de marcha no tempo para ondas elásticas baseada em funções de Green calculadas localmente pelo MEF." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3500.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-24<br>FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais<br>Este trabalho apresenta um novo esquema de marcha no tempo capaz de reduzir oscilações
espúrias através de amortecimento numérico para problemas de propagação de ondas
elásticas no âmbito da Aproximação Explícita de Green (\Explicit Green's Approach"
(ExGA)) [1]. A expressão integral referente ao ExGA é escrita em termos das funções
de Green e Degrau. Seus cálculos são realizados de forma independente por meio da
formulação semi-discreta do MEF e o método Diferença Central. Devido ao princípio
da causalidade, as funções de Green e Degrau possuem um suporte compacto ao redor
dos pontos fonte para um intervalo de tempo suficientemente pequeno que é usualmente
Empregado nos métodos explícitos clássicos de integração temporal aplicados à modelagem
de propagação de ondas. Neste sentido, as funções de Green e Degrau em t = Δt podem ser
eficientemente calculadas localmente através de subdomínios pequenos. Cada subdomínio
local com sua respectiva submalha cobre somente pontos nodais onde os valores das
funções de Green e Degrau são não nulos. A precisão e eficiência da metodologia proposta
é demostrada ao analisar três exemplos numéricos.<br>This work presents a new time-marching scheme able to reduce spurious oscillations by
means of numerical damping for elastic wave propagation problems in the framework
of the Explicit Green's Approach (ExGA) [1]. The integral expression concerned with
the ExGA is written in terms of the Green's and the Step response functions. Their
computations are carried out independently by means of the semidiscrete FEM and the
Central difference method. Due to the principle of causality, the Green's and Step response
functions admit a compact support surround the source points for a small enough time
step that is usually employed in common explicit time integration methods applied to wave
propagation modeling. In this sense, the Green's and Step response functions at t = Δt
can be e ciently computed locally through small subdomains. Each local subdomain with
its respective submesh covers only nodes whose Green's and Step response function values
do not vanish. The accuracy and e ciency of the proposed methodology are demonstrated
by analyzing three numerical examples.
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El, Hannaoui Mohammed. "Étude par la méthode des liaisons fortes de la structure électronique des "chimney-ladder" et celle des défauts ponctuels dans le disiliciure de fer." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL148N.
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Dans ce travail nous avons essayé de présenter d'une manière aussi claire que possible la méthode des liaisons fortes: ses fondements, ses avantages, les possibilités qu'elle offre mais aussi ses limites. Comme outil mathématique complémentaire nous avons choisi, pour traiter l'équation matricielle qu'on obtient, la méthode récursive de Haydock. L’utilisation de cette méthode nous permet de déterminer d'une façon élégante la fonction de Green associée à notre problème et de calculer d'une manière simple une quantité fort intéressante: la densité d'états. Comme applications, de ces méthodes, nous avons étudié les défauts ponctuels dans le disiliciure du fer (les impuretés pour la phase à basse température et les lacunes pour la phase à haute température) et les structures électroniques des chimney-ladder
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Fuchs, Florian. "Feldeffekttransistoren auf Basis von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen: Vergleich zwischen atomistischer Simulation und Bauelementesimulation." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-157276.
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Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen (CNTs) sind vielversprechende Kandidaten für neuartige nanoelektronische Bauelemente, wie zum Beispiel Transistoren für Hochfrequenzanwendungen. Simulationen CNT-basierter Bauelemente sind dabei unverzichtbar, um deren Anwendungspotential und das Verhalten in Schaltungen zu untersuchen. Die vorliegende Arbeit konzentriert sich auf einen Methodenvergleich zwischen einem atomistischen Ansatz basierend auf dem Nichtgleichgewichts-Green-Funktionen-Formalismus und einem Modell zur numerischen Bauelementesimulation, welches auf der Schrödinger-Gleichung in effektiver-Massen-Näherung basiert. Ein Transistor mit zylindrischem Gate und dotierten Kontakten wird untersucht, wobei eine effektive Dotierung genutzt wird.
Es wird gezeigt, dass die Beschränkungen des elektronischen Transports durch Quan-
teneffekte im Kanal nur mit dem atomistischen Ansatz beschrieben werden können. Diese Effekte verhindern das Auftreten von Band-zu-Band-Tunnelströmen, die bei der numerischen Bauelementesimulation zu größeren Aus-Strömen und einem leicht ambipolaren Verhalten führen. Das Schaltverhalten wird hingegen von beiden Modellen vergleichbar beschrieben. Durch Variation der Kanallänge wird das Potential des untersuchten Transistors für zukünftige Anwendungen demonstriert. Dieser zeigt bis hinab zu Kanallängen von circa 8 nm einen Subthreshold-Swing von unter 80 mV/dec und ein An/Aus-Verhältnis von über 10⁶.
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Stellin, Filippo. "Anderson localization in interacting quantum systems." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7004.
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Dans cette thèse nous étudions au niveau théorique le comportement des particules quantiques (électrons, atomes, photons, etc.) se mouvant dans un milieu désordonné et sujets à la localisation d’Anderson. Pour des particules non interagissantes, le spectre de l’énergie peut posséder un ou plus points critiques, où les fonctions d’onde étendues deviennent localisées, en donnant lieu à une transition de phase métal-isolant connue comme Transition d’Anderson.Une question fondamentale est si et comment les transitions d’Anderson survivent dans des systèmesquantiques interagissants. Dans cet ouvrage, nous étudions un modèle simple décrivant le cas de deux particules dans un réseau désordonné et sujettes à des interactions mutuelles à courte portée. En combinant des simulations numériques sur une grande échelle avec des techniques à la fonction de Green, nous montrons que les transitions d’Anderson à deux particules se produisent en trois dimensions et explorons le diagramme de phase dans l’espace de l’énergie, du désordre et de l’interaction.Cette dernière présente une structure riche, caractérisée par un double renfoncement de la limite de phase, engendrée par la compétition entre les états de diffusion et les états liés de la paire. Nous prouvons aussi que les annonces précédentes concernant l’apparition de transitions d’Anderson en deux dimensions étaient essentiellement dues à des effets de taille finie.Un deuxième problème que nous abordons dans cette thèse est celui de l’occurrence de transitions métal-isolant en deux dimensions pour une particule en la présence d’un potentiel spatialement corrélé et sujette à des interactions spin-orbite, modélisées par les couplages Rashba-Dresselhaus. On éclaire que, indépendamment des propriétés du désordre, il y a un régime où l’énergie critique dépend linéairement du paramètre de désordre. La pente et l’intercepte sont étudiées en voisinage du point de symétrie spin-hélice persistant, dans lequel la symétrie SU(2) est restaurée et la transition métal-isolant disparaît<br>In this thesis we theoretically investigate the behaviour of quantum particles (electrons, atoms, photons, etc.) moving in a random medium and undergoing Anderson localization. For noninteractingparticles, the energy spectrum can possess one or more critical points, where the nature of the single-particle wavefunctions changes from extended to localized leading to a undergoes a metal-insulator phase transition, also known as Anderson transition.A fundamental question is whether and how Anderson transitions survive in interacting quantum systems. Here we study a minimal model of two particles moving in a disordered lattice and subject to short-range mutual interactions. By combining large-scale numerics with Green’s functions techniques, we show that two-particle Anderson transitions do occur in three dimensions and explore the phase diagram in the space of energy, disorder and interaction strength. The latter presents a rich structure, characterized by a doubly reentrant behavior, caused by the competition between scattering and bound states of the pair. We also show that previous claims of 2D Anderson transitions of the pair are essentially due to finite-size effects.A second problem that we address in this thesis is the occurrence of 2D metal-insulator transitions for a single particle in the presence of a spatially correlated potential and subject to spin-orbit interactions, described by Rashba-Dresselhaus couplings. We illustrate that, irrespective of the properties of the disorder, there is a regime where the critical energy depends linearly on the disorder strength. The slope and the intercept are studied in the vicinity of the spin-helix point, where the SU(2) symmetry is restored and the 2D metal-insulator transition disappears
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Pecorella, Daniele. "Methodology for the design and optimization of a morphing wing droop-nose structure for greener aircraft." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
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Droop-Nose Leading Edge (DNLE) morphing wings are one of the most promising devices in order to achieve aerodynamic drag and noise reduction during take-off and landing phases. An accurate design of these structures could lead to the decrease of aircraft fuel consumption in the perspective of reaching a greener aviation, following the objectives indicated by Flightpath 2050 issued by the E.U. However, due to the challenges related to the realization of this technology and TRL reached, DNLE are more likely implemented in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for testing and evaluation purposes. In the present study, an optimization methodology for the DNLE composite laminate skin and morphing mechanism structure is proposed and applied to a study case represented by the UAS-S45 aircraft. The work starts from the morphing leading edge structure developed by the LARCASE laboratory at ETS Montreal. The results showed that by means of the optimization strategy adopted, the force required on the actuator mechanism is 88% lower than the original design. A significant improvement on the profile smoothness along its section and in the spanwise direction in morphing conditions has been obtained too. However, further investigations are still needed in order to achieve a more appropriate morphing shape. Despite this, it appears from the results obtained that the proposed methodology can be useful to tackle the DNLE design problem in an effective and efficient way. What developed in this work has been conceived to support the investigation of DNLE in the small leading edge profiles typical of the UAS. In this way, an easier procedure for the set up of the design flow, and a decrease in the computational effort for the optimization process can be obtained. An experimental validation of the results obtained is currently being performed at ETS, and future development regards the assessment of the errors of the numeric procedure herein presented respect to real data.
Books on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Larsen, Christa, Jenny Kipper, Alfons Schmid, and Marco Ricceri, eds. The Relevance of Artificial Intelligence in the Digital and Green Transformation of Regional and Local Labour Markets Across Europe. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783957104113.
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The last few years have brought major changes to regional and local labour markets. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are a promising way to ensure the functionality of the labour market and, at the same time, to support continued growth in employment and strengthen the integration of many marginalised target groups into the labour market through social inclusion and protection. This publication by the European Network on Regional Labour Market Monitoring illuminates the functionalities of AI tools for the improvement of labour market functions, especially with respect to fair and socially sustainable work. It presents known AI solutions and identifies existing gaps in this regard. It is also of interest how public employment services could use AI tools to shape their ‘new’ role as regional and local nodes in labour market monitoring and their consulting role for labour market actors. More than 30 authors from different European countries and beyond describe their experiences and approaches in the context of their use of AI with a special focus on regional and local labour markets, target groups, and specific sectors and industries.
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Mendelovici, Angela. The Phenomenal Basis of Intentionality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863807.001.0001.
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Some mental states seem to be "of" or "about" things or to "say" something. For example, a thought might represent that grass is green, and a visual experience might represent a blue cup. This is intentionality. The aim of this book is to explain this phenomenon. Once we understand intentionality as a phenomenon to be explained, rather than a posit in a theory explaining something else, we can see that there are glaring empirical and in-principle difficulties with currently popular tracking and functional role theories of intentionality, which aim to account for intentionality in terms of tracking relations and functional roles. This book develops an alternative theory, the phenomenal intentionality theory (PIT), on which the source of intentionality is none other than phenomenal consciousness, the subjective, felt, or qualitative aspect of mental life. While PIT avoids the problems that plague tracking and functional role theories, it faces its own challenges in accounting for the rich and complex contents of thoughts and the contents of nonconscious states. In responding to these challenges, this book proposes a novel version of PIT, one on which all intentionality is phenomenal intentionality, though we in some sense represent many non-phenomenal contents by ascribing them to ourselves. This book further argues that phenomenal consciousness is an intrinsic feature of mental life, resulting in a view that is radically internalistic in spirit: Our phenomenally represented contents are literally in our heads, and any non-phenomenal contents we in some sense represent are expressly targeted by us.
Book chapters on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Tascioglu, Saliha. "Evaluation of Urban Forestation Studies in Terms of Function." In Strategies for Reforestation and Sustainable Fruit Farming. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359395.4.
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Open and green spaces provide a balance between solids and volids and contribute positively to the urban climate, pedestrian and vehicle traffic. They help to reduce harmful environmental elements like noise and dust, store groundwater, and control erosion while also supplying fresh air. In addition, it softens of the building stock, covers ugly views and adds aesthetic views to the city, and provides a better perception of the spaces by establishing a balance between the human and the environment in terms of size. Urban trees improve the appearance of the city and give it a more pleasant, natural feel. Urban area plantings have aesthetic, ecological, psychological, hygienic and functional benefits. The growing urban population of today makes more green space necessary. Due to land scarcity, cities are under tremendous pressure to implement afforestation initiatives. The urban environment can be enhanced by urban afforestation.
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Trovesi, Andrea. "Regolarità e irregolarità morfosintattiche del vocativo nei manoscritti paleoslavi Codex Marianus e Codex Zographensis." In Studi contrastivi di linguistica slava: grammatica e pragmatica. Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0216-9.12.
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In two of the most ancient Old Church Slavonic manuscripts, the Codex Marianus and the Codex Zographensis (10th/11th cent.), the morphologically marked vocative shows a substantial continuity with the inflectional classes by themes of Indo-European origin. From a functional or communicative point of view, the vocative case in both manuscripts is used in all contexts when required. Any evident variation in the use of the vocative as in modern Slavic languages was not detected. The few anomalies recorded concern foreign names (anthroponyms and toponyms), archaisms, such as the vocative of the adjective, or they were presumably induced by the effort to stick to the original Greek text. In general, it holds true that the morphological marking of the vocative case also depends on the philological-linguistic sensitivity of the translators themselves.
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Dizdaroglu, Didem, Tan Yigitcanlar, and Les Dawes. "Planning for Sustainable Urban Futures." In Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-472-1.ch806.
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In recent years, cities have shown increasing signs of environmental problems due to the negative impacts of urban activities. The degradation and depletion of natural resources, climate change, and development pressure on green areas have become major concerns for cities. In response to these problems, urban planning policies have shifted to a sustainable focus and authorities have begun to develop new strategies for improving the quality of urban ecosystems. An extremely important function of an urban ecosystem is to provide healthy and sustainable environments for both natural systems and communities. Therefore, ecological planning is a functional requirement in the establishment of sustainable built environment. With ecological planning, human needs are supplied while natural resources are used in the most effective and sustainable manner and ecological balance is sustained. Protecting human and environmental health, having healthy ecosystems, reducing environmental pollution and providing green spaces are just a few of the many benefits of ecological planning. In this context, this chapter briefly presents a short overview of the importance of the implementation of ecological planning into sustainable urban development. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual framework for a new methodology for developing sustainable urban ecosystems through ecological planning approach.
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Rorabaugh, W. J. "Green." In Berkeley at War. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195066678.003.0005.
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Abstract In the years after World War II, when the country underwent anticommunist hysteria and turned against the Left, a tide of regimented conformism all but submerged the American tradition of individualism. This trend dominated not only politics but also the arts. Architects turned to the functional, barren Bauhaus school with its cold, hard look. The style echoed; although few Americans knew it, the aesthetics not only of the Weimar Republic but also of Mussolini and Hitler. On the Berkeley campus both Sproul Hall and Dwindle Hall were built with balconies in the fascist manner. Painters moved from the social realism of the thirties to an unprecedented use of the abstract.
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L.Sihler, Andrew. "Survey of the Pie Verb System." In New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083453.003.0084.
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Abstract Verb Systems Generally Considered. The verb system of most languages is a complicated affair. This has nothing to do with elaborate paradigms, but with functional categories however they are marked. The formal categories of a language in fact cannot be depended upon to mark functional categories straightforwardly. First, functional categories are commonly combined in various ways: in PIE you could not specify a subject’s person without also specifying number, and vice-versa. Second, functional categories are often expressed by formally inconsistent means. A few examples from English will make these points clearly, since English is usually regarded as elementary in these regards compared to the luxuriance of G, L, and Skt. But the relationships between form and function in English are anything but elementary, as we shall see, and have little congruence with the terminology of the school grammars. In English the present tense is usually regarded as self-explanatory; in the words of a dictionary, s.v. present: ‘Gramm. Denoting, or pertaining to, time that now is; as the present tense. To the contrary: the ‘present tense’ of English turns out to have very little in the way of reference to ‘time that now is’. The four principal functions of the NE ‘present tense’ are: (1) it is used of future events; (2) it is used of reiterated or habitual events; (3) it is used of a state, which has no tense; (4) it is used with a special class of verbs known as performatives, such as say, declare, promise.
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Florea, Nicoleta Valentina. "Green Attitudes and Thinking in The New Green Market." In Green Business. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7915-1.ch024.
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People are concerned by the implications of product consumption on their health, which is why they become followers of a healthy and sustainable lifestyle, using green products and becoming aware of a sustainable environment. To have a viable business and to respond to customers' needs, the organization must have an attractive product that offers utility, value, health, joy, and satisfaction to consumers. This chapter analyses a few approaches regarding the implementation of green marketing policies and the situation of green marketing in the world and in Romania. Green customers' behaviour in choosing a green product (using Markov chains), the impact this could have on the number of specialists and the surfaces used in ecological agriculture on green production (using a regression function) are also anaylsed, and the author developed some measures in order to improve companies' involvement in implementing green activities.
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Kavitha, E. "Advanced Functional Membranes for Energy Applications." In Advanced Functional Membranes. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-8.
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Global warming has become a serious threat to the environment as well as human life. The application of renewable and green energy sources has been emphasized in recent years to overcome the energy demand and save the environment. As a competent alternative to renewable energy sources, membrane-based energy generation has attracted the attention of researchers. In the past few decades, the application of advanced functional membranes in green energy production has gained importance. The application of polyelectrolyte membranes in fuel cells has become an emerging technology due to high proton conductivity, excellent thermal, chemical stability, and mechanical strength. Pressure retarded osmosis is also one of the membrane-based energy generation techniques which have been upgraded with significant developments. The various polymeric membranes, both inorganic and organic, have been employed in the energy production processes. In the past few years, the application of biopolymeric membranes made up of chitosan blends has shown excellent progress. The storage of energy also plays an equivalent role in energy production. The application of membranes has a vital role in energy storage batteries. This chapter deals with all the advanced functional membranes for energy production and storage.
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Kant, Shashi, Metasebia Adula, and Mershaye Birhane. "Green Financing Effect on Green Human Capital." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9750-3.ch009.
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This chapter investigated at how green human capital functions as a connection among green financing and Ethiopia's corporate social responsibility (CSR) corporate model. It inspects how stakeholder commitment, the completing and success of CSR efforts, and the overall sustainability performance are affected by the creation of green human capital, which is made possible by green funding. Organizations aiming to incorporate CSR into their business models, build green human capital, and take advantage of green subsidy are given helpful advice and ideas. Understanding the environment surrounding green backing, carrying out sustainability assessments, employed with stakeholders, incorporating CSR into essential business operations, encouraging innovation, quantifying and distribution impact, pursuing certification and recognition, and interrelating with local communities are just a few of the propositions. Organizations can progress their sustainability presentation and position themselves as leaders in ethical business applies in Ethiopia by laying these suggestions into effect.
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Florea, Nicoleta Valentina. "Green Attitudes and Thinking in The New Green Market." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2912-5.ch005.
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People are concerned by the implications of product consumption on their health, which is why they become followers of a healthy and sustainable lifestyle, using green products and becoming aware of a sustainable environment. To have a viable business and to respond to customers' needs, the organization must have an attractive product that offers utility, value, health, joy, and satisfaction to consumers. This chapter analyses a few approaches regarding the implementation of green marketing policies and the situation of green marketing in the world and in Romania. Green customers' behaviour in choosing a green product (using Markov chains), the impact this could have on the number of specialists and the surfaces used in ecological agriculture on green production (using a regression function) are also anaylsed, and the author developed some measures in order to improve companies' involvement in implementing green activities.
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Lee, Chi-Ho. "Application of the Dietary Processed Sulfur Supplementation for Enhancing Nutritional and Functional Properties of Meat Products." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0591-4.ch012.
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In recent years, the consumer demands for healthier meat and meat products with reduced level of fat, cholesterol, decreased contents of sodium chloride and nitrite, improved composition of fatty acid profile and incorporated health enhancing ingredients are rapidly increasing worldwide and prevent the risk of diseases. This review focuses on strategies to investigate the changes in physical, physicochemical and microbial properties of meat and meat products in dietary processed sulfur fed animals. Overall, this review focuses on sulfur supplementation to pigs, growth performance of pigs and meat quality, enhancing the nutritional and functional values, shelf-life extension, improve sensory quality characteristics and health benefit etc. This review further discusses the current status, consumer acceptance, and market for functional foods from the global viewpoints. Future prospects for functional meat and meat products are also discussed.
Conference papers on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Janjua, Laeeq Razzak, and Dorottya Edina Kozma. "Public-Private Partnerships for Green Skills: Evaluation of Different Stakeholders Under the Shadow of Game Theory Model." In 9th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.5.2025.18.
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Green skills development is central to achieving sustainability goals, but development of green skills is hindered by strategic triads of governments, private sector players, awareness campaigns, large data intermediary players. The aim of writing this research work is to develop a game theory framework for incentive and strategic decision in where the green skills are absorbed. Initially with a strategic game in which every player decides whether to invest in green skills L or H. Payoff functions have economic benefits, costs, and externalities that will arise because of other players choices. Thus, a Prisoner’s Dilemma effects yielding low cooperation (L, L) exogenously, although it is socially optimal to invest, yielding (H, H). A Public Goods Game framework emphasizes the issue of free riding, in which actors receive the benefits of others’ contributions without investing themselves. The study analyzes potential policy interventions to address the inefficiencies by exploring the implications of government subsidies (S_G), penalties for non-compliance, and public-private partnerships that help to realign incentives. This research work developed a framework with key green skill components to guide policymakers and businesses to optimize their green skill development strategies. Utilizing insights from game theory, stakeholders can create incentive-compatible mechanisms that ensure collaboration, productivity, and a workforce dedicated to innovation.
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Swanson, William H., Vivianne C. Smith, Joel Pokorny, and Ram L. P. Vimal. "Phase shifts for heterochromatic flicker at intermediate frequencies." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.wj50.
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We measured sensitivity to sinusoidal modulation of two equally luminant chromatic sources as a function of physical phase difference. The stimuli were presented in a two-channel Maxwellian view system employing red (625-nm) and green (564-nm) LEDs. Radiance was controlled by voltage-to-frequency converters fed by computer-controlled analog multipliers designed to give a linear response up to 1800 cd. The 2.0° stimulus field with a mean luminance of 900 cd was viewed in a dark surround. Using a method of adjustment, threshold modulation was determined for up to forty phases from 0° to 356°, at thirteen frequencies ranging from 1 to 40 Hz. In any given block of trials, frequency was held constant and phase varied from trial to trial. At high (>13-Hz) and low (<2.8-Hz) frequencies the modulation vs phase functions were symmetric ~0°. At intermediate frequencies the point of symmetry occurred at 10-40°, the exact amount differing among the three subjects.
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Subherwal, Dr Darshan, and Dr Pooja Sharma. "A STUDY ON AWARENESS OF GREEN HRM PRACTICES AMONG EDUCATORS." In ransforming Knowledge: A Multidisciplinary Research on Integrative Learning Across Disciplines. The Bhopal School of Social Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.51767/ic250205.
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When the businesses across the world are suffering from the impact of climate change and designing ways and means to combat the same, it’s necessary to understand that actions and behaviours to achieve sustainability should be wholesome and across the organization. Human Resource department is in the centre to encourage employees in eco-friendly behaviours and aligning organizational activities and practices accordingly. The practice of incorporating sustainability into HR functions through various actions such as reducing paper usage, promoting usage of energy efficient equipments, alluring environment conscious stakeholders etc, is referred to as Green HRM or Green Human Resource Management. The current study aimed at exploring the concept of Green HRM and its awareness among people. The study used qualitative analysis tool to enquire about awareness of various aspects of Green HRM among educators working in education institutes of the city of Bhopal, MP. This was achieved through primary data collection and analysis with the help of a structured questionnaire. The study also used secondary data collected through various journals, articles and reports available on different websites. The study concluded that respondents are aware of the Green HRM practices and feel motivated to participate in Green HRM practices out of environmental concern and their own personal interest. The study recommended designing and implementing appropriate rewards for motivating employees to participate in green HRM practices.
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Strebkov, M., and Valentina Popova. "ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN VORONEZH BY THE BIOINDICATION METHOD." In FORESTRY-BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL PHYTOCOENOSES. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58168/fbfsnap2024_75-81.
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In the presented work, based on many years of research and generalization of surveys of the hanging birch, the issues of the modern agroecological state of the environment in which it is not always favorable not only for humans, but also for all living organisms are highlighted. Green spaces are important in urban systems, which perform many important functions: from oxygen saturation of the air to dust and noise absorption. Being a part of urban ecosystems, trees and other plant groups fully feel the negative impact of the urban environment, especially the increase in MPC. Modern methods of environmental monitoring make it possible to assess the state of the environment based on morphological, anatomical and other changes in the structure of green organisms, in particular leaf asymmetry.
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Bayati, Morteza, and Mehran Tadjfar. "Aeroacoustic Sound Prediction of a Diaphragm by a Hybrid Method." In ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2013-16066.
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Most of the noise prediction methods, which has already been used, only applicable at low frequency range, below the first transverse duct mode. A developed method at this work, which suggested by Schram, avoided many simplification assumptions and is quite powerful for high Helmholtz numbers, i.e. when the turbulence/body interaction region is acoustically non-compact. By using numerical methods and an appropriate Green function, the method is applied to the prediction of sound in a duct obstructed by a diaphragm. The source fluctuations of the flow field are computed by a large-eddy simulation (LES) and are fed to the following acoustical computation as input data. The predicted power spectrum shows a fairly good agreement with a direct noise computation (DNC) results.
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D'Zmura, Michael, and Geoffrey Iverson. "Color constancy: adaptation to the illumination environment." In Advances in Color Vision. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acv.1992.fe2.
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Theoretical work on color constancy has dwelt on the problem of estimating surface and illuminant chromatic properties in the case where a set of surfaces is viewed under a single illuminant1-5. Maloney and Wandell4 used linear models to describe variation among surface reflectance functions6-9 and variation among illuminants10,11 to establish a general result for this situation: a trichromatic system viewing surfaces under a single unknown illuminant that is represented by three color descriptors can recover two color- constant descriptors per surface. Their remarkable result is incomplete, however. First, it is desirable to recover three or more descriptors per surface, for neither surface color percepts12 nor surface color properties6-9 are described adequately by two-dimensional models. Second, one would prefer the recovery of surface reflectance descriptors to be independent of the choice of a particular model of illumination. The model that describes accurately the daylight illumination environment10,11, for instance, will generally fail to describe other illumination environments such as those found indoors or that presented by the red, green and blue lights used in Land's demonstrations with Mondrians1.
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Gierz, Lukasz, Marcin Zastempowski, and Pawel Wysocki. "Design and structural analysis of new mower design capable of working in areas with 45° slope." In 24th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2025.24.tf175.
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Areas with a large angle of inclination are usually difficult to access spaces with varied terrain. Increasingly often, they are recreational areas, meadows, or road lanes. Gentle slopes on the road lane and slopes of grass-sown viaducts are most often designed with an inclination angle of up to 45°. To mow these green areas, an agricultural tractor aggregated with a boom flail mower is usually used. The reach of the boom is limited therefore, it was decided to develop a new mower design that has a greater reach than the boom of the flail mower and is capable of mowing areas with a slope of up to 45°. The aim of the work was to develop a conceptual design of a new mower capable of working in areas with a slope of 45° and a strength analysis of the main frame. The conceptual design included an analysis of available solutions, development of a 3D CAD model of the new mower, and a detailed strength analysis of the main frame of the new mower structure using the finite element method (FEM). The mower model and the analysis of the stability of the structure were performed in the SOLIDWORKS program, while the FEM strength analysis was performed in the ANSYS program. The designed frame model did not have nodes in which the stresses would be greater than 56% of the allowable stress in the material structure and 76% of the maximum allowable stress in the weld structure. The new mower structure for work in areas with a 45° slope meets all the assumed functions and has a great chance of industrial application.
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Wagner, Luke T., Niloofar Hashemi, and Nastaran Hashemi. "A Compact Versatile Microbial Fuel Cell From Paper." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2013-18322.
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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been a potential green energy source for a long time but one of the problems is that either the technology must be used on a large scale or special equipment have been necessary to keep the fuel cells running such as syringe pumps. Paper-based microbial fuel cells do not need to have a syringe pump to run and can run entirely by themselves when placed in contact with the fluids that are necessary for it to run. Paper-based microbial fuel cells are also more compact than traditional MFCs since the device doesn’t need any external equipment to run. The goal of this paper is to develop a microbial fuel cell that does not require a syringe pump to function. This is done by layering chromatography paper with wax design printed onto it. This restricts the fluids to a specific flow path allowing it to act like the tubes in a typical microbial fuel cell device by delivering the fluids to the chamber. The fluids are picked up by tabs that sit in the fluid and use capillary attraction to flow up the tab and into the device. The fluids are directed to the chambers where the chemical and biological processes take place. These flows are then directed out of the device so that they are taken to a waste container and out of the system. Our microliter scale paper-based microbial fuel cell creates a significant current that is sustained for a period of time and can be repeated. A paper-based microbial fuel cell also has a fast response time. These results mean that it could be possible for a set of paper-based microbial fuel cells to create a power density capable of powering small, low power circuits when used in series or parallel. In this paper, we discuss the fabrication and experimental results of our paper-based microbial fuel cell. Also there will be a discussion of how paper-based microbial fuels cells compare to the traditional microbial fuel cells and how they could be used in the future.
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Anfray, J., A. Pactat, E. Gaouyat, and T. Boscals-de-Reals. "Oil&Gas Decarbonization: Low-Carbon Fuels and Carbon Capture & Storage Offshore Power Barges, a Comprehensive Concepts Comparison." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/222007-ms.
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Abstract The objective of this paper is to present and compare two concepts to decarbonize Oil&Gas production facilities, particularly remote deep-offshore assets. The two offshore power barges concepts, called PGU (Power Generation Unit) are either based on low-carbon fuels or on local Capture & Storage to supply low carbon power & enable offshore facilities electrification. One of the main challenges of the Net Zero ambition for the Oil&Gas industry (scope 1 and scope 2) is the reduction of GHG emissions related to the fuel gas consumption for power generation (&gt;70% of the CO2 emissions), particularly for offshore remote sites where Power from Shore is not feasible. Centralized floating Power Generation Units (PGU) can be connected to existing platforms and/or FPSOs to supply low carbon electricity. Either with an offshore PGU fed with low carbon fuels (green or blue ammonia). The PGU include all the functions to store, treat & convert ammonia into a blend of hydrogen and ammonia. Either with an offshore PGU with carbon capture and injection into a local CO2 storage (CCS). The PGU includes a compact backpressure combined cycle, a post combustion solvent based (MEA), a capture package designed for 95% CO2 removal. Some units are directly integrated in the structure of the hull to optimize weight & space. 325 MWe of net electrical power are generated. This low carbon power is exported from the PGU to existing offshore facilities equipped with single cycle gas turbines (&lt;40% efficiency, 500 gCO2/kWh). This decarbonized power is exported through subsea electrical cables. The two concepts are compared in term of technical feasibility, maturity, GHG reduction and costs. A Life cycle analysis was performed to evaluate the environmental impact. These low carbon power generation solutions (30 gCO2/kWh) enable to stop gas turbines on site. The two concepts result in similar floaters dimensions and Capex, with a higher Opex for the carbon free fuel due to fuel cost. The offshore CCS concept is seen as a shorter-term solution, applicable in the current decade, main challenge being the availability of an adequate CO2 storage to ensure a sustainable local reinjection. R&D focus on technology innovations to reduce costs. As an alternative, the offshore NH3 PGU concept is a longer-term solution for hard to abate sites, where CO2 reservoir availability can be an issue. A Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) shows that ammonia chain shall be green or fully sequestrated. R&D is driven by the need for new technologies, fully fuel flexible Gas Turbines to address multiple low carbon fuels scenarios. These developments shall be started now to enable this concept when the low carbon fuel market will be ready. The novelty relies on the development and comparison of offshore power barges concepts delivering a minimum of 325MWe, either based on low-carbon fuels (ammonia) or CCS to power & decarbonize existing assets.
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Han, Sangmin, Chae Whan Rim, Hyunkyoo Cho, Yongsuk Suh, Jaewon Lee, and Tak Kee Lee. "Experimental Study on the Structural Behavior of Secondary Barrier of MARK-III LNG CCS." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79126.
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The market of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) carrier is remarkably expanded in the last four or five years, and lots of LNG vessels are being built in many shipyards in the world. Membrane-type MARK-III LNG CCS (Cargo Containment System) is used more and more in the construction of LNG carrier, and it has already taken considerable market share in the business of LNG vessel. No matter how many researches have been carried out on the structure of LNG CCS, most of them are mainly focused on its macroscopic behaviors, e.g. structural response of LNG CCS under sloshing load. MARK-III secondary barrier is a matter of primary concern recently, and as already known, its major function is to protect the inner hull structure from the leakage of LNG when the primary barrier of corrugated membrane fails. A closed boundary of secondary barrier for liquid tightness is mainly sustained by the boding between flexible and rigid triplexes, where the adhesive material such as epoxy green glue is applied. The thickness of adhesive glue is about 0.4mm which is extremely thin compared with those of the other structural components of MARK-III CCS. The conventional macroscopic approach hardly gives proper description about the structural behavior of secondary barrier which requires much finer representation with the resolution of glue thickness. Most recently, even though there is an example of research on the structural responses of MARK-III secondary barrier by carrying out structural analysis using microscopic approach, it still is necessary to verify the results of structural analysis base on the experimental evidences. This research deals with an experimental study on the structural behavior of the secondary barrier of MARK-III LNG CCS. The full-scale specimen of MARK-III CCS is prepared and installed in cryogenic chamber which is quite large enough to completely enclose the specimen. As the actual secondary barrier is loaded mainly with thermal loading due to cryogenic temperature and mechanical loading due to hull deformation, the specimen undergoes cryogenic temperature maintained by the chamber and mechanical loading given by the actuator of testing machine. The structural response of secondary barrier in the specimen is maintained and controlled in such a way that the response is almost the same as that of actual secondary barrier in LNG CCS. Through the intensive study on the type and size, the specimen is so designed as to sufficiently realize the structural behavior of the secondary barrier in the actual operating condition. Since the strain gauge is elaborately installed into the thin layer of adhesive glue in the secondary barrier, it is possible to measure its precise response and to capture the realistic structural behavior of the glue. FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor is also installed in the same specimen, and the structural response of the secondary barrier is measured simultaneously, which provides data of comparison to confirm the reliability of experimental results. It is necessary to verify the performance and feasibility of the strain gauge and FBG sensor prior to actual application into the specimen, because the strain gauge and FBG sensor work in extremely thin layer under cryogenic environment. Therefore, simple tensile test is carried out, and the strain gauge and FBG sensor are examined. During cooling down process, thermal loading is increased until the temperature of secondary barrier reaches −110°C, which is maintained for a few hours to stabilize the structural response of specimen. Continually, the 4-point bending test is carried out to give additional mechanical loading which is monotonously increased until the loading reaches the ultimate strength. The strain gauge and FGB sensor measure and record the strain at each testing location during the whole process of experiment. The specimen of EC (Conventional Epoxy) glue has the smallest ultimate strength, but nevertheless it has sufficient safety factor with respect to the level of loading in actual vessel, and the EHP (Epoxy Glue with the Treatment of Hot Pad) and PU (Polyurethane) glues have much more. The experiment is simulated numerically using FEM. The material data are directly obtained through various material tests. Microscopic approach is adopted, and therefore extremely fine mesh model of which element size is almost equal to glue thickness near the secondary barrier is developed, which makes it possible to represent realistic structural behavior of adhesive glue precisely. The loading and boundary conditions are carefully arranged to embody the experimental circumstances correctly. Finally, it is possible to estimate the degree of discrepancy between the results of experiment and numerical simulation, and the correlation factor can be obtained by studying the discrepancy. The correlation factor is the final result in this research, which can be applied to the structural analysis for actual secondary barrier of MARK-III LNG CCS and improve the results of the analysis.
Reports on the topic "FEL Green function"
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Wiringa, R. B., J. Carlson, V. R. Pandharipande, and B. S. Pudliner. Variational and Green`s function Monte Carlo calculations of few-body nuclei. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/166456.
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Morin, S., L. L. Walling, Peter W. Atkinson, J. Li, and B. E. Tabashnik. ets for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene drive in Bemisia tabaci. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.8134170.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of our BARD proposal was to build both the necessary infrastructure and knowledge for using the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drive system to control the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Our research focused on achieving three main goals: (1) establishing a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system for producing genetically-edited B. tabaci; (2) generating and testing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutations targeting genes that represent two gene drive strategies: population replacement and population suppression; (3) using computer modeling to optimize strategies for applying CRISPR/Cas9 to control B. tabaci populations in the field. CRISPR gene drive is one of the most promising strategies for diminishing the negative impacts of harmful insects. This technique can introduce mutations into wild populations of pests that reduce their ability to cause damage, reduce their population size, or both. In principle, this can be selfsustaining because mutations carried by relatively few insects can increase in frequency and spread quickly throughout wild populations. Because of this sustainability and the potential benefits to society, agricultural gene-drive systems are most likely to be funded by government agencies, foundations, and grower associations; as with sterile insect releases and most biocontrol programs. Although gene drives have received intensive study in Drosophila and mosquito vectors of human disease, we were one of the first teams pursuing this approach for crop pests. Our project was also one of the first to address CRISPR gene drive in the Hemiptera, an insect order that includes hundreds of pest species. We focused on developing and implementing CRISPR gene drive to reduce the massive damage caused by B. tabaci. This haplodiploid insect is one of the world's most devastating crop pests. Whereas extensive work by others explored CRISPR in diploid species, our project pioneered application of this revolutionary technology to haplodiploids, which have a distinct system of inheritance that presents special challenges and opportunities. Our project has achieved several breakthroughs, including publication of the first paper analyzing CRISPR gene drive in haplodiploids (Li et al. 2020, see next section). Our modeling results from this landmark study demonstrate that CRISPR gene drive can work in haplodiploids, especially if fitness costs associated with the driver allele are low or nil. Our paper was the first to provide a conceptual framework for evaluating and optimizing CRISPR gene drive strategies for managing B. tabaci and other haplodiploid pests. Our breakthroughs in the laboratory have created the infrastructure needed to develop CRISPR for controlling B. tabaci. We established a microinjection system enabling us to introduce CRISPR-derived mutations into B. tabaci embryos. We have used this system to generate and track inherited eye-color mutants of B. tabaci. We have identified and cloned germline promoters, and demonstrated their function in transgenic B. tabaci embryos and other hemipteran insects. We have also developed a tool to easily identify B. tabaci harboring CRISPR-mediated mutations by tagging target genes using a transgenic fluorescent marker. The successful completion of our project provides all the knowledge and infrastructure essential for developing a novel genetic approach for B. tabaci control, which can serve as a non-chemical "green" alternative for managing this global pest. We predict that our discoveries will accelerate the development of the CRISPR gene drive technique for reducing the numbers of this pest and the damage it causes. Still, realization of the benefits of gene-drive technology for pest control will require sustained attention to potential environmental and societal impacts, as well as regulatory and implementation challenges. Given the great promise of this technology and the urgent need for better control methods, we expect that guidance documents and regulations will be in place to allow the scientific community to safely move gene drives for pest control from the laboratory to field trials.