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Journal articles on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Istiqamah, Putri, Siti Humayra, and Huzaim. "Strengthening capacity study of reinforced concrete school building structure in Banda Aceh toward earthquakes and tsunami hazards." E3S Web of Conferences 340 (2022): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234002005.
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Banda Aceh City was a high level areas of the earthquake and tsunami damage that occurred in 2004. Building damage prevention can be done by planning earthquake-resistant school building structures. The rebuilding needs to be reviewed for its capacity structure because of the high risk building location of earthquake and tsunami hazards. This study aims to determine the behavior and capacity of the school building structure using the earthquake and tsunami scenario in 2004 in Banda Aceh. Capacity analysis by column enlargement of the existing building is one of the research variables. Earthquake load refers to data from the Sumatera-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004 and tsunami load refers to FEMA P646. Two typical school buildings were taken from data recapitulation of 100 buildings survey, namely SDN 48 and SDN 8, which represented the overall typical school building in Banda Aceh. This study uses the pushover analysis method on the SAP2000 software. Based on the capacity curve, the value of displacement in the x-y directions in the existing building are greater than the column variation building at SDN 48 and SDN 8. While the shear force value in the existing building are smaller than the column variation building. This shows that with the addition of column dimensions, the cross-sectional area gets bigger and affects the capacity of the building structure.
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Tesfamariam, Solomon, and Murat Saatcioglu. "Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Using Hierarchical Fuzzy Rule Base Modeling." Earthquake Spectra 26, no. 1 (February 2010): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3280115.
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A reliable building vulnerability assessment is required for developing a risk-based assessment and retrofit prioritization. Tesfamariam and Saatcioglu (2008) proposed a simple building vulnerability module where the building performance modifiers are in congruence with FEMA 154. This paper is an extension of the building vulnerability assessment that include detailed performance modifier in congruence with FEMA 310 that is represented in a heuristic based hierarchical structure. Some of the input parameters are obtained through a walk down survey and are subject to vagueness uncertainty that is modelled through fuzzy set theory. A knowledge base fuzzy rule base modeling is developed and illustrated for reinforced concrete buildings damaged in the 1 May 2003 Bingöl, Turkey earthquake.
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Mobley, William, Antonia Sebastian, Russell Blessing, Wesley E. Highfield, Laura Stearns, and Samuel D. Brody. "Quantification of continuous flood hazard using random forest classification and flood insurance claims at large spatial scales: a pilot study in southeast Texas." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 807–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-807-2021.
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Abstract. Pre-disaster planning and mitigation necessitate detailed spatial information about flood hazards and their associated risks. In the US, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) provides important information about areas subject to flooding during the 1 % riverine or coastal event. The binary nature of flood hazard maps obscures the distribution of property risk inside of the SFHA and the residual risk outside of the SFHA, which can undermine mitigation efforts. Machine learning techniques provide an alternative approach to estimating flood hazards across large spatial scales at low computational expense. This study presents a pilot study for the Texas Gulf Coast region using random forest classification to predict flood probability across a 30 523 km2 area. Using a record of National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claims dating back to 1976 and high-resolution geospatial data, we generate a continuous flood hazard map for 12 US Geological Survey (USGS) eight-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) watersheds. Results indicate that the random forest model predicts flooding with a high sensitivity (area under the curve, AUC: 0.895), especially compared to the existing FEMA regulatory floodplain. Our model identifies 649 000 structures with at least a 1 % annual chance of flooding, roughly 3 times more than are currently identified by FEMA as flood-prone.
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Raihan, Md Lamiur, Kenichiro Onitsuka, Mrittika Basu, Natsuki Shimizu, and Satoshi Hoshino. "Rapid Emergence and Increasing Risks of Hailstorms: A Potential Threat to Sustainable Agriculture in Northern Bangladesh." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 5011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125011.
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This study investigates the recent changes in natural hazard prioritizations in northern Bangladesh and presents community-based risk analyses of the various natural hazards that present threats to sustainable agriculture. The study area in northern Bangladesh included two union council areas under the Panchagarh sub-district. Climatological data analysis, a detailed questionnaire survey, and focus group discussions were conducted to assess farmers’ perceptions regarding the shifting and identification of hazards, their seasonal variation, and hazard prioritizations. The SMUG (seriousness, manageability, urgency, and growth) and FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) models were applied for hazard prioritization. Hailstorms were found to be the most prioritized hazard over droughts and flash floods as perceived by the community. The farmers’ perceptions as evaluated through a questionnaire survey also support the findings of the SMUG and FEMA models. This was the first attempt to analyze the potential of hailstorms as a significant hazard in Bangladesh, and GIS maps showed their spatial distribution and temporal frequency across Bangladesh. This newly identified hazard is significantly diminishing farmers’ motivation to continue farming and has the potential to affect sustainable agriculture. The farmers’ perceptions, historical data analysis, use of the two models, institutional approach, hazard risk assessment, and vulnerability to the major sectors show that hailstorms should be considered as an important hazard in northern Bangladesh, and policymakers should pay urgent attention to minimize the threat to sustainable agriculture in northern Bangladesh.
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Friesen, Kenton, and Doug Bell. "Risk Reduction and Emergency Preparedness Activities of Canadian Universities." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 24, no. 2 (August 2006): 223–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072700602400204.
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Preparing for emergencies and disasters has become a necessary part of daily operations of businesses, municipalities, and institutions. Furthermore, educational institutions such as universities, colleges, and schools are not immune to the impacts of disasters (FEMA 443, 2003; Kuban and MacKenzie-Carey, 2001; Miller, 2002; U.S. Department of Education, 2003). Universities are realizing they are exposed to the impact of disasters and that emergency/disaster response requires careful coordination and communication with other organizations and entities that have the resources and skills necessary to manage and respond to particular emergencies (Auf der Heide, 1989; FEMA 443, 2003; Kuban et al., 2001; Mileti, 1999). In Canada, the primary responsibility for emergency preparedness and response is that of the municipality, or local authority, within which a university is located. What then is the role of a university in preparing for and responding to emergencies or disasters? In the absence of compulsory standards, regulations or legislation, universities, based on the survey of this project, are nevertheless reviewing risks and hazards, implementing long-term strategies, and developing relationships with the local municipality. All of these should consider the unique characteristics of the campus environment, which include an open and accessible environment, a functionally separate hierarchy of administrators and academics, a multi-cultural and multi-disciplinary workforce, and a diverse student body, to name a few. After understanding the unique characteristics of the campus environment universities can address emergency preparedness and disaster management by building on the basics of existing and generally accepted standards, such as the NFPA 1600 (NFPA 2000). Additionally, many universities operate much like a municipality (i.e., infrastructure, constituents, and an incorporated government structure) making existing municipal emergency or disaster-related standards, regulations, and legislation also applicable. Further investigation into the application of these standards, regulations, and legislation to the university environment is required to validate the similarities.
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Gershon, MHS, DrPH, Robyn R., Michelle A. Muska, EMT, MPH, Qi Zhi, MPH, and Lewis E. Kraus, MPH, MCP. "Are local offices of emergency management prepared for people with disabilities? Results from the FEMA Region 9 Survey." Journal of Emergency Management 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0506.
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Objective: To assess disaster planning of local Offices of Emergency Management (OEM) with respect to people with disabilities (PWD).Design: A cross-sectional study of local OEM from Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region 9 (N = 61) was conducted using an internet-based survey. The primary outcome was the adoption of emergency management recommendations by the Department of Justice (DOJ) and FEMA in applying Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Results: OEM implementation of ADA requirements was generally suboptimal. While 63 percent reported that plans addressed the needs of PWD, only 41 percent reported detailed operating procedures for PWD. Training of staff to ensure that they were knowledgeable on the ADA requirements for inclusivity was rarely conducted. While accessible shelters and transportation were often identified, accessible communication strategies, including emergency notifications, were often lacking; only 28 percent of OEMs reported availability of sign language interpreters at shelters. Shelters often allowed service animal access (62 percent), but fewer allowed access to personal assistants (39 percent). Engagement of the disability community, from plan development to community drills, was uncommon. While more than half (59 percent) of OEM felt clear about their responsibilities in providing equal access to PWD, only 23 percent reported having qualified staff and other resources necessary in order to meet those responsibilities. Participants cited the need for more training on the ADA requirements in order to better meet the needs of PWD. Conclusion: Strategies for improvement to assure inclusiveness of PWD in all phases of emergency management are needed.
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Mansouri, Babak, Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany, Kambod Amini-Hosseini, Reza Nourjou, and Mehdi Mousavi. "Building Seismic Loss Model for Tehran." Earthquake Spectra 26, no. 1 (February 2010): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3280377.
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In order to model the building seismic loss for Tehran, urban databases have been compiled and processed considering different census zones, city blocks, and parcel records. Aerial photos, together with stereo image processing and ground survey data, have provided parcel level geospatial information. These data sets include urban features, land uses, and building inventory with height information. This research also focuses on the selection and the development of structural vulnerability functions and risk algorithms. The damage curves are selected or modified according to some regional data, the ATC-13 report, and the functions obtained for Costa Rica. Also, analytical fragility curves are derived and adopted for the area of study after the HAZUS-FEMA methodology. Finally, an upgradeable seismic risk model is developed in GIS using all compiled input data and structural vulnerability functions.
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Lawrence, Rachel I., Atif Adam, Semran K. Mann, Walleska Bliss, Jesse C. Bliss, and Manjit Randhawa. "Disaster Preparedness Resource Allocation and Technical Support for Native American Tribes in California." Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2015-0067.
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Abstract Purpose: The evaluation aims to assess emergency preparedness (EP) among Native American tribes in California to inform future development of priorities and strategies for improvement. The analysis explores funding barriers and gaps in resource availability. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was designed to explore four aspects of EP: 1) perceptions of preparedness; 2) funding mechanisms; 3) resource availability; and 4) plans for future preparedness efforts. The survey was conducted online, by telephone, fax, or mail. Analysis includes National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) compliance, and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approval of disaster mitigation plans. Results and Discussion: Findings represent 40% of the federally-recognized California tribes. Participants included: tribal chairpersons and administrators, emergency services managers, fire chiefs, police chiefs, and environmental directors. Results indicated low awareness of funding regulations and instructional opportunities yet high interest; high dependency on external EP response resources; and needed improvements in community involvement. Conclusion: Partnerships with local emergency preparedness and academic organizations and improved communication are recommended to bridge gaps in resources and awareness. This evaluation provides one of the first systematic assessments of EP achievements and gaps among Native American tribes in California. Future studies are needed to explore these preliminary findings.
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Ruangkanchanasetr, Suwanna, Adisak Plitponkarnpim, Priyasuda Hetrakul, and Ronnachai Kongsakon. "Youth risk behavior survey: Bangkok, Thailand." Journal of Adolescent Health 36, no. 3 (March 2005): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.01.013.
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Olsen, Lise L., Takuro Ishikawa, Louise C. Mâsse, Grace Chan, and Mariana Brussoni. "Risk Engagement and Protection Survey (REPS): developing and validating a survey tool on fathers’ attitudes towards child injury protection and risk engagement." Injury Prevention 24, no. 2 (September 28, 2017): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042413.
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IntroductionFathers play a unique role in keeping children safe from injury yet understanding of their views and attitudes towards protecting children from injury and allowing them to engage in risks is limited. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an instrument to measure fathers’ attitudes towards these two constructs.Methods and findingsAn instrument was developed that used prior qualitative research to inform item generation. The questions were assessed for content validity with experts, then pilot-tested with fathers. The survey was completed by 302 fathers attending hospital with their child for an injury or non-injury reason. Results of confirmatory factor analysis identified eight items relating to the protection from injury factor and six items relating to the risk engagement factor. Correlation between the two factors was low, suggesting these are two independent constructs.ConclusionsThe Risk Engagement and Protection Survey offers a tool for measuring attitudes and assisting with intervention strategy development in ways that reflect fathers’ views and promotes a balanced view of children’s needs for safety with their needs for engaging in active, healthy risk-taking.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Mulyono, Sigit. "Health risk behavior survey of school age children in two Indonesian villages /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,165314.
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Calistus, Wilunda. "Caesarean delivery and anaemia risk in children in 45 low- and middle- income countries." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232310.
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Kellner, James Duncan. "Streptococcus pneumoniae in child care centres, a point prevalence survey of nasopharyngeal carriage, antibiotic resistance and risk factors for resistance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq34026.pdf.
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Yahaya, Ismail. "Childhood Sexual Abuse Against Girls in Sub-Saharan Africa : Individual and Contextual Risk Factors." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21919.
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Background and objectives: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a substantial public health and human rights problem, as well as a growing concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It has both short and long term effects on girls: physical and psychological, including negative sexual outcomes. Up to one-third of adolescent girls report their first sexual experience as being forced. Despite growing evidence supporting a link between contextual factors and violence, no studies have investigated the connection between CSA and contextual factors. It is therefore important to identify the extent of CSA and understand factors associated with it in SSA in order to develop interventions aimed to address the scale of the problem. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis is to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with CSA. In addition, the thesis aims to quantify the magnitude of CSA and describe the factors associated with CSA among women from SSA (Study I). This thesis also examines the independent contribution of individual and community socio-economic status on CSA (Study II). Moreover, it scrutinises the effect of social disorganisation on CSA (Study III) and explores the relationship between CSA and sexual risk behaviours as well as potential mediators (Study IV). Methods: This thesis used the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) datasets conducted between 2006 and 2008 from six SSA countries. The thesis used multiple logistic regression models to describe and explore factors associated with CSA among 69,977 women (Study I). It used multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis to explore the effect of contextual level variables (neighbourhood socio-economic status) on CSA among 6,351 girls (Study II). Neighbourhood socio-economic status was operationalized with a principal component analysis using the proportion of respondents who were unemployed, illiterates, living below poverty level and rural residents. Study III applied multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis on 6,351 girls and considered five measures of social disorganisation at the community level: neighbourhood poverty, female-headed households, residential mobility, place of residence, population density, and ethnic diversity. In study IV, 12,800 women from the Nigerian DHS were used. Structural equation modelling was applied using a two-step approach. The first step used a confirmatory factor analysis to develop an acceptable measurement model while the second step involved modifying the measurement model to represent the postulated causal model framework. Results: In study I, the reported prevalence of CSA ranged from 0.3% in Liberia to 4.3% in Zambia when the prevalence was based on all respondents aged between 15 and 49 years and who were present during the survey. None of the socio-economic factors were associated with CSA. In study II, where the data was restricted to permanent residents aged between 15 and 18 years, the prevalence ranged between 1.04% in Liberia to 5.8% in Zambia. At the individual level, there was no significant association between CSA and wealth status while at the community level, there was no significant association between CSA and socio-economic position. However, 22% of the variation in CSA was attributed to the community level factors. In study III, there was significant variation in the odds of reporting CSA across the communities, with community level factors accounting for 18% of the variation. In addition, respondents from communities with a high family disruption rate were 57% more likely to have reported sexual abuse in childhood. Study IV showed that there was a significant association between CSA and sexual risk behaviours and the association was mediated by alcohol and cigarette use. Conclusions: The study provides evidence that adolescents in the same community were subjected to common contextual influences. It also highlighted the significance of mediators in the relationship between CSA and sexual risk behaviours. It is therefore important that effective preventive strategies are developed and implemented that will cut across all socio-economic spheres in a context that both permits and encourages disclosure as well as identifying predisposing circumstances for recurrence.
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Dadswell, Kara. "Predicting risk of repeat firelighting in young people: the development and evaluation of the Behaviour Risk Tool." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/38642/.
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Firelighting is not an uncommon behaviour for young people. A review of the
relevant literature shows that, fortunately, most young people who light fires, do so
because they are curious, and fire safety education intervention is enough to prevent any
future firelighting activity. However, a small number have significant psychosocial issues
that may contribute to continued firelighting behaviour.
The Juvenile Fire Awareness and Intervention Program (JFAIP) is a fire safety
education program established in Victoria, Australia to target active young firelighters.
While some young firelighters referred to the program have mental health problems, the
JFAIP is not designed for such cases. Thus a need has been identified for a screening
questionnaire to identify young people with psychosocial disturbance predictive of
ongoing firelighting behaviour, in order to recommend supplementary mental health
intervention. The overarching aim of this project was to develop such a screening tool.
The first aim of Study 1 was to evaluate the validity of two internationally
established firelighter screening tools, the FEMA Child Risk Survey (CRS) and Family
Risk Survey (FRS). The second aim was to explore the fire-specific, family and
psychosocial profile of young repeat firelighters and develop a new firelighter screening
tool to be subsequently evaluated and compared to the CRS and FRS. Utilising a sample
of 61 JFAIP families, data about fire-specific, family and psychosocial characteristics of
the young firelighters (5-17 years of age) at the time of their initial pre-intervention
interview was collected via the CRS, FRS, Fire Risk Interview and Child Behaviour
Checklist. A 12-month follow-up obtained information about continued firelighting
activity. Study 1 results indicated that the CRS was unable to distinguish between the
groups (repeat and non-repeat), but the FRS demonstrated some utility, accurately
detecting 86% of repeat firelighters. However it was overly inclusive, erroneously predicting that half of the non-repeat firelighters were also at risk. The results also
identified significant differences on a number of fire-specific and psychosocial variables
between repeat and non-repeat firelighters. The 25 specific items or themes across the
four instruments used to collect data demonstrating the greatest differences between the
repeat and non-repeat firelighters were combined into a new screening tool, termed the
Behaviour Risk Tool (BRT).
Study 2 was designed to measure the validity and reliability of the BRT using new
samples. In Part A the BRT was completed by the parent/guardian of 63 young people in
the JFAIP (5-17 years of age) at their initial pre-intervention interview. A minimum six
month follow up contact determined the presence or absence of repeat firelighting.
Results demonstrated the BRT had a sensitivity of 0.8 and specificity of 0.7 at the cut-off
score of 57.5. Thus the BRT detected 80% of the repeat firelighters and 70% of the nonrepeat
firelighters correctly. In Part B, the test-retest reliability and internal consistency
of the BRT was assessed. Parents/guardians of 76 children (5-17 years) in the general
population completed the questionnaire twice, two weeks apart. The results indicated high
repeatability across time (r=.93) and high internal consistency (.88-.93) for the BRT.
Hence, Study 2 found that the BRT had better sensitivity and specificity than the CRS
and FRS and was a reliable questionnaire.
The expectation is that the BRT will be used as a preliminary screening measure
in the JFAIP, to identify cases where additional mental health support may be necessary.
This is the first such tool to be developed in an Australia context. Furthermore, the JFAIP
is the first young firelighter program in Australia to adopt a screening tool of this kind.
Ideally the BRT will continue to be used over many years with many families, and
continue to be evaluated for effectiveness and further improvements.
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Dombkowski, Kevin John. "Estimating risk factors for delays in childhood immunization using the National Health Interview Survey." 2001. http://books.google.com/books?id=3TNYAAAAMAAJ.
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Yom, Tiana. "Looking At The Whole Child Through Student Health Profiles: A Latent Class Analysis of CDC 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-gqbs-4v30.
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The purpose of this research is to discover the extent to which there is a typology of students’ health risk behaviors and to what extent are those typologies associated with academic achievement using the 2019 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) dataset. This is a secondary data analysis study using a national representative sample (n=11,410) of high school students, grades 9 to 12, in the United States. YRBS is a national school-based, paper-based 99-item survey used to assess 121 health-related behaviors among all high school students in the United States and is biennially conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2020). While research efforts on health and academic achievement is vastly growing, there is a limited number of studies that are analyzing multiple health-risk behaviors concurrently as well as exploring their potential impacts on educational outcomes.
Furthermore, previous studies have utilized cluster and/ or factor analyses. However, this statistical approach will show how students are clustered into groups and does not provide information such as the probability that a given student is bullied or suicidal. A 3-step Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify and understand the various profiles of students who experienced and/ or were exposed to certain health-risk behaviors. The health-risk behaviors of interest, the latent variables, were school-related violence, physical activity, screen time, and sleep. Using LCA, results show that there are four significantly different typologies, or profiles, of student health-risk behaviors: Level 1 The Most Support Needed (TMSN), Level 2 Suicide Prevention Needed (SPN), Level 3 Coping Mechanism for Bullying Needed (CMBN), Level 4 Least Support Needed (LSN). In tandem, contextual factors such as age, sex, grade level, race and ethnicity were significantly associated with the odds of belonging to some of the groups. This study is connected to longer-term work. Implications of these groupings on school policies, student health outcomes, and building a school-based coordinated health system will be discussed.
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McCormack, Alice. "A survey on the extent and nature of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4841.
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The goal of the study was to conduct a survey on the extent and nature of poly-victimization of
adolescents in Heideveld. This researcher used a quantitative approach, administering an altered
form of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire to achieve the goal. This questionnaire had 34
screener items exploring victimization events across a broad range of possible victimization
types. Convenience sampling of grade 8-10 learners was used from a school in Heideveld.
Ninety-one respondents completed the questionnaire, the age range spread from 13 – 18 years of
age. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Responses of respondents to
victimization (directed either at themselves or a peer) were explored through open-ended
questions. Content analysis was performed to describe the data collected. The results showed
that the extent of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld is high. The findings were
explored and finally conclusions and recommendations were discussed.Social Work
M. Diac. (Play Therapy)
Books on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Jones, Renée Fossett. Juvenile offenders and children at risk in the children's hearings system of Scotland: Interviews and brief literature survey. Winnipeg: [The Inquiry], 1990.
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Miller, Thomas. Health of children in war zones: Gaza child health survey. Hamilton: In cooperation with the Centre for Studies of Children at Risk and Centre for Peace Studies, McMaster University, 2000.
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Utah. Office of Public Health Assessment. and Utah. Center for Health Data., eds. 2000 Utah child health survey: Children with special health care needs. [Salt Lake City, Utah]: Office of Public Health Assessment, Center for Health Data, 2001.
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National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children. Human Sciences Research Council, 2005.
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Manitoba. Child and Family Support Branch., Council of Child and Family Service Agencies., and Manitoba Manitoba Community Services, eds. Survey report on training in child abuse and high risk cases for child and family service agencies in Manitoba: Report. [Winnipeg: Council of Child and Family Service Agencies], 1987.
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Health of Children in War Zones: Gaza Child Health Survey. Canadian Centre for Studies of Children, 2000.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae in child care centres: A point prevalence survey of nasopharyngeal carriage, antibiotic resistance and risk factors for resistance. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998.
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Kugel, Uri, Catherine Hausman, Laurie Black, and Bruce Bongar. Psychology of Physical Bravery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935291.013.36.
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Research indicates that the presence of physical courage or bravery is linked to increased resilience, decreased PTSD-related symptomatology, and greater feelings of personal competence. Seligman identifies courage as a factor of strength in his positive psychology model, and courage is widely identified as a healing component in clinical psychology. Recent data collected from the Physical Courage Survey (PCS), analyzing acts of physical courage, demographic variables, and personality characteristics indicate that bravery and courage are probably impacted by both nature and nurture. More specifically, individuals who performed acts of heroism and bravery are more likely to be self-confident, be an older child, have a tendency to take risk and seek sensation, be less cautious, be resilient, have a greater sense of humor, be a leader, have a deep sense of empathy for others, and attribute their success on the battlefield to training and modeling of others.
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Petit, Véronique, Kaveri Qureshi, Yves Charbit, and Philip Kreager, eds. The Anthropological Demography of Health. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862437.001.0001.
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This book provides an integrative framework for the anthropological demography of health, a field of interdisciplinary population research grounded in ethnography and in critical examination of the social, political, and economic histories that have shaped relations between peoples. The field has grown from the 1990s, extending to a remarkable range of key human and policy issues, including: genetic disorders; nutrition; mental health; infant, child and maternal morbidity; malaria; HIV/AIDS; disability and chronic diseases; new reproductive technologies; and population ageing. Collaboration with social, medical, and demographic historians enables these issues to be situated in the evolution of institutional structures and inequalities that shape health and care access. Understanding fertility levels and trends has widened beyond parity and contraception to the many life course risks and alternative healing systems that shape reproductive health. By going beyond conventional demographic and epidemiological methods, and idealised macro/micro-level units, the anthropological demography of health places people’s health-seeking behaviour in a compositional demography based on ethnographic observation of group formation and change over time, and of variance between what people say and do. It tracks family and community networks; class, linguistic, and religious groups; sectoral labour and market distributions; health and healing specialisms; and relations between these bodies and with groups controlling local and national governments. The approach enables examination of how local cultures and experience are translated formally into measures on which survey and clinical programmes rely, thus testing the empirical adequacy of such translations, and leading to revision of concepts of risk and governance.
Book chapters on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Yorifuji, Takashi, Hirokazu Tsukahara, and Hiroyuki Doi. "Breastfeeding and Risk of Kawasaki Disease: A Nationwide Longitudinal Survey in Japan." In Breastfeeding: Support, Challenges, and Benefits, 138–48. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022873-breastfeeding_and_risk.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of childhood-acquired heart disease in developed countries. However, the etiology of KD is not known. Aberrant immune responses are considered to play key roles in disease initiation and breastfeeding can mature immune system in infants. We thus examined the association between breastfeeding and the development of KD. METHODS We used a nationwide population-based longitudinal survey ongoing since 2010 and restricted participants to a total of 37 630 children who had data on their feeding during infancy. Infant feeding practice was queried at 6 to 7 months of age, and responses to questions about hospital admission for KD during the period from 6 to 30 months of age were used as outcome. We conducted logistic regression analyses controlling for child and maternal factors with formula feeding without colostrum as our reference group. RESULTS A total of 232 hospital admissions were observed. Children who were breastfed exclusively or partially were less likely to be hospitalized for KD compared with those who were formula fed without colostrum; odds ratios for hospitalization were 0.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.12–0.55) for exclusive breastfeeding and 0.27 (95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.55) for partial breastfeeding. Although the risk reduction was not statistically significant, feeding colostrum only also provided a protective effect. CONCLUSIONS We observed protective effects of breastfeeding on the development of KD during the period from 6 to 30 months of age in a nationwide, population-based, longitudinal survey in Japan, the country in which KD is most common.
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Iwao, Tomohide, and Michi Sakai. "A Survey on Cases of Serious and High-Risk Child Abuse with Trauma Using the Database of Health Insurance Claims." In MEDINFO 2021: One World, One Health – Global Partnership for Digital Innovation. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220272.
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In recent years, the annual number of child deaths due to child abuse has been around 50 per year in Japan. On the other hand, the actual situation of dangerous physical abuse cases such as abuse with residual has not been clarified. Therefore, this study investigated children with trauma suspected of being physically abused, using the health insurance claims data of Japan. There were cases with trauma which are likely to have sequelae. Since this study used the sampling data, there is a high possibility that there will be a considerable number of cases of high-risk abuse.
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Waldmann, Carl, Andrew Rhodes, Neil Soni, and Jonathan Handy. "Looking after critically ill children." In Oxford Desk Reference: Critical Care, 645–51. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198723561.003.0035.
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This chapter discusses paediatrics in critical care and includes discussion on both paediatric transfers for the adult intensivist and looking after a vulnerable child (safeguarding children for the adult practitioner). With the centralization of specialist services into a limited number of hospitals across the UK, an increasing number of children require an interhospital transfer. These include but are not limited to the transfer of the critically ill child. Between 2012 and 2014, 18 500 transfers of critically ill or injured children were undertaken across the UK, of which 2400 were undertaken by non-specialist teams. These patients are some of the sickest children. It is while in transit that these patients are most at risk and the transferring team is most exposed. To minimize risks it is important that the team holds the relevant skills to stabilize and transfer children. A systematic approach is vital. The patient’s condition should be optimized before transfer and any likely difficulties anticipated and a plan to tackle any complications swiftly and effectively is agreed prior to the transfer. In this chapter we offer our approach to the safe transfer of the critically ill child. The second part of this chapter offers an introduction into the safeguarding of vulnerable children. A 2009 survey conducted by the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children asking children to self-report abuse and neglect found that 18.6% of 11–17-year-olds said they had experienced some type of severe maltreatment. The high prevalence of child abuse makes it likely for the medical practitioner who is mostly caring for adult patients to encounter vulnerable children in clinical practice. This will often happen when participating in the resuscitation of a critically ill or injured child, when anaesthetizing a child, or when looking after a caregiver of such a child. The aim of this chapter is to provide these practitioners with the information that will help them to identify possible child abuse and make them aware of their responsibilities towards these children and their options for action.
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Smallridge, J. A., and S. Albadri. "Operative treatment of dental caries in the young permanent dentition." In Paediatric Dentistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789277.003.0018.
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Caries is a chronic disease. If it starts to affect the permanent teeth the child patient is drawn into a cycle requiring ongoing care for the rest of his/her life. Therefore when treating the young permanent dentition we have to adopt an approach that considers and addresses the whole disease process and not just treat the outcome of the disease. Caries is still a considerable problem in children and adolescents. The 2013 Child Dental Health Survey for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland found that, on average, nearly half (46%) of 15-year-olds and a third (34%) of 12-year-olds had obvious decay experience. Although the proportion of children with untreated dentinal caries has improved from 2003, it remained high at 21% and 19% for 15-year-olds and 12-year-olds, respectively. These children are at high risk of pain and discomfort relating to their teeth. The 2013 survey also looked at the impact on daily life. On average, a fifth of 12- and 15-year-old children reported experiencing difficulty eating, and about half reported that their life had been affected by problems with their teeth or mouth within the previous 3 months (Steele et al. 2015). Caries prevalence declined in the later decades of the twentieth century. As it dropped, a concentration of the disease occurred, with a small percentage of the population experiencing most of the disease. Caries prevalence is greatest in the occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars and buccal grooves of the lower first molars, and the prevalence in these sites has dropped by the smallest proportion. The least susceptible sites are the approximal surfaces of the incisors, so caries seen in these permanent teeth indicates more extensive disease (Sheiham and Sabbah 2010). The first permanent teeth erupt in the mouth at approximately 6 years of age, but may appear as early as 4 years of age. The eruption of the anterior teeth usually causes great excitement, as it is associated with ‘the fluttering of tooth fairy wings’. However, the eruption of the first permanent molars goes largely unnoticed until there is a problem.
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Ahmad, Tauseef. "Top 100 Most Cited Studies in Obesity Research: A Bibliometric Analysis." In Role of Obesity in Human Health and Disease. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98877.
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Obesity represents a major global public health problem. In the past few decades the prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide. In 2016, an estimated 1.9 billion adults were overweight; of these more than 650 million were obese. There is an urgent need for potential solutions and deeper understanding of the risk factors responsible for obesity. A bibliometric analysis study was designed to provide a comprehensive overview of top 100 most cited studies on obesity indexed in Web of Science database. The online search was conducted on June 6, 2021 using the keywords “Obesity” OR “Obese” OR “Overweight” in title filed with no limitations on document types or languages. The top 100 cited studies were selected in descending order based on number of citations. The obtained data were imported in to Microsoft Excel 2019 to extract the basic information such as title, authors name, journal name, year of publication and total citations. In addition, the data were also imported in to HistCite™ for further citation analysis, and VOSviewer software for windows to plot the data for network visualization mapping. The initial search retrieved a total of 167,553 documents on obesity. Of the total retrieved documents, only top 100 most cited studies on obesity were included for further analysis. These studies were published from 1982 to 2017 in English language. Most of the studies were published as an article (n = 84). The highly cited study on obesity was “Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey” published in BMJ-British Medical Journal (Impact Factor 39.890, Incites Journal Citation Reports, 2021) in 2000 cited 10,543 times. The average number of citations per study was 2,947.22 (ranging from 1,566 to 10,543 citations). Two studies had more than 10,000 citations. A total of 2,272 authors from 111 countries were involved. The most prolific author was Flegal KM authored 14 studies with 53,558 citations. The highly active country in obesity research was United States of America. The included studies were published in 33 journals. The most attractive journal was JAMA-Journal of the American Medical Association (Impact Factor 56.272) published 17 studies and cited globally 51,853 times. The most frequently used keywords were obesity (n = 87) and overweight (n = 22). The countries with highest total link strength was United States of America (n = 155), followed by England (n = 140), and Scotland (n = 130). Our results show that most number of highly cited studies were published in developed countries. The findings of this study can serve as a standard benchmark for researchers to provide the quality bibliographic references and insights into the future research trends and scientific cooperation in obesity research.
Conference papers on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Brickman, Dennis B., Erik D. Power, and Wilson C. Hayes. "Toy Asparagus Spear Risk Analysis." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80089.
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A tragic accident occurred in a day care center when a 5 year old child fell face down with a plastic toy asparagus spear in his mouth, puncturing the soft palate and dissecting the internal carotid artery. Approaches utilized in the risk analysis include: literature review, safety standards research, accident statistics survey, biomechanical testing, and evaluation of alternative toy asparagus designs. The goal of this investigation is to make toy designers and users more aware of the puncture/impaling hazard and to identify design alternatives to prevent similar injuries from occurring.
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Olsen, Lise, Yingyi Lin, Takuro Ishikawa, Grace Chan, Louise Masse, and Mariana Brussoni. "PW 2837 Use of multi-group confirmatory analysis in validating a survey of mothers’ attitudes towards child injury prevention and risk engagement." In Safety 2018 abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprevention-2018-safety.401.
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Metaxa, D., A. Hajnal, C. Giggins, and E. Cattaneo. "G508(P) Prophylactic azithromycin dosing regimes in children at risk of lower respiratory tract infections: a literature review and survey in the east of england region." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference and exhibition, 13–15 May 2019, ICC, Birmingham, Paediatrics: pathways to a brighter future. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-rcpch.492.
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Lisá, Dominika, and Andrea Bánovčinová. "IDENTIFYING FACTORS OF INCIDENCE OF VIOLENCE IN FAMILIES BY WORKERS FROM DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND LEGAL PROTECTION." In NORDSCI International Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2019/b1/v2/29.
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Abuse of children is considered one of the most serious socio-pathological phenomenon that can occur in families. The first indicators of child abuse can be information from doctors, data from teachers, or police notifications. By analyzing several sources, it has been found that no exists only one factor that would have result in child abuse. It is a complex phenomenon that can be caused by a combination of biological, social, cultural economic or environmental factors. The aim of our research was to identify risk factors which workers from the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship observe in families where child abuse is reported. The research has been conducted using a qualitative research strategy. The interview has been used in order to collect the data. The survey sample consisted from 11 workers from the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship by Local Labour Office, Social Affairs and Family. The results show that there are several risk factors present in families where child abuse is present. As the most serious factors, participants have identified lower mental levels of parents, lack of parenting skills. As an important factor in terms of practice, it seems to be also the presence of violence in the family of origin. As our participants have pointed out the cultural context of the family has a great impact on the perception of violence by family members. On the basis of the findings, work not only with the child but also with the whole family is necessary. Prevention has an irreplaceable place here, not only at the primary or secondary level but especially at tertiary level. For effective prevention of child abuse is consistent identification of risk factors. As a deficiency, we perceive that in the Slovak environment there are no standardized methods of neglect assessment that would be used in the practical exercise of social and legal protection of children. In the context of tertiary prevention, it is necessary to focus on preventing the relapse of abuse and preventing further abuse and the development of long-term health psychological and social consequences.
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Skelton, Kara, and Sara Benjamin-Neelon. "Cannabis smoking and storage within the home: A cross-sectional survey of families with children." In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.38.
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Introduction: Child cannabis exposure has increased in recent years – a trend that parallels changes to cannabis legality. Yet, little is known about household cannabis practices in the US. To address this gap, this study aims to examine household cannabis practices among a geographically diverse sample of US women of reproductive age. We also examine variations in household cannabis practices across states with varying cannabis policies. Methods: The study sample (N=114) included pregnant women and women with children in their home. In Spring of 2021, participants completed a single cross-sectional online survey that included demographic information and asked about cannabis use, household cannabis practices (e.g., indoor smoking, cannabis storage), and cannabis use risk perceptions. We analyzed data in March 2022 using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 69.23% and 42.98% of participants reported cannabis products were allowed in their home and that smoking cannabis was permitted in one or more rooms of their home, respectively. Although not statistically significant, more women residing in states with recreational cannabis more frequently reported that smoking cannabis was allowed in one or more rooms of their home than women residing in states yet to legalize (47.73% vs. 40.00%, respectively). Conclusions: Amid rapidly shifting cannabis policies, further examination of household cannabis practices is needed. Public heath efforts should focus on reducing in-home cannabis exposure and promote safe storage and smoking practices for families with children in the home.
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Juříková, Jana. "Attitude Towards Physical Activities In A Group Of Pregnant Women." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-38.
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Moderate and systematic physical activity during pregnancy is not only safe, but it also brings numerous health benefits, such as metabolic acceleration, lower risk of hypertension in preg-nancy, prevention of swelling due to water retention within the body, reduction of premature birth, it also shortens and facilitates the childbirth and lower the risk of postpartum compli-cations improves well-being and accelerates return to original physical condition after the child is born. Rather than regular exercises, however, it is a physical inactivity that brings risks. Some women are aware of this and they keep various physical activities during the pregnancy, on the other hand there exists a group of pregnant women who are afraid of doing exercises at all. This study attempts to define what are suitable activities during pregnancy, and find the reasons for pregnant women to perform and also not to perform physical activ-ities. Survey was carried out in a group of pregnant women, the information concerning their attitude towards physical activities have been obtained by a questionnaire method. Question-naires were anonymous and were submitted by 107 pregnant women. Results revealed that 63.6% of women spent their leisure time during pregnancy in an active way. Most of them reported that they are suficiently informed; they mainly used the Internet to seek information. Pregnant women typically perform their pastime physical activity at home, alone (usually with DVD) or outdoor – walking alone or with a dog, which is even more beneficial, since the dog gives a brisk pace of the walk. Concerning the frequency of physical activity, most women stated the frequency of 2 – 3 times a week. Women, who do not perform any physical activity at all, usually refer to lack of time and energy, frequent nausea, back aches and other health problems. Some women feel like doing an activity, but to perform it, they would need a stim-ulus and/or more information on suitable activities for pregnant women. Some women also pointed to lack of information concerning proper physical activities during pregnancy, hence they are afraid that choosing the wrong type or intensity of exercise they might injure either themselves or their unborn child.
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Drohan, Megan, Christina Schulz, Emily Glatt, Amy Stamates, and Michelle Kelley. "Impulsivity and Childhood Physical Abuse Predict Past 30-day Cannabis Use Among Bisexual Women." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.11.
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Previous research suggests that bisexual women’s rate of cannabis use is 2 to 7 times higher than their heterosexual peers; however, factors contributing to this are unclear. Trait impulsivity (i.e., tendency to act without forethought) and history of childhood physical abuse (CPA) are two risk factors that may be relevant for bisexual women’s cannabis use. Specifically, bisexual women indicate high levels of risk-taking and commonly report histories of CPA. While both impulsivity and CPA have been identified as predictors of cannabis use in heterosexual women, research has yet to explore these factors as predictors of cannabis use among bisexual women. Consequently, the present study examined CPA and trait impulsivity as predictors of cannabis use in a sample of bisexual women. It was hypothesized that both trait impulsivity and exposure to CPA would predict greater frequency of cannabis use. Participants were 225 bisexual women aged 22.77 years (SD = 3.45) recruited from a southeastern university and community area. Participants completed an online survey including questions about their past 30-day frequency of cannabis use (5-point scale ranging from 0 = never to 4 = daily), CPA using the Child Maltreatment Scale-physical abuse subscale, and impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-version 11. A majority of the sample reported cannabis use in the past 30 days (60.3%), with 23.2% using once or twice, 12.9% using weekly, 11.2% using almost daily, and 12.9% using daily. To account for the large number of zero values on the cannabis use score, we tested a Poisson hurdle model to evaluate the effects of CPA and impulsivity on cannabis use. Frequency of cannabis use was modeled first as a binary logistic model (0 versus any use) and then as a truncated regression model for non-zero responses. Results indicated that across all participants, greater impulsivity predicted any cannabis use in the past 30 days (p = .003), but CPA did not (p = .942). Among participants who reported past 30-day cannabis use only, CPA was associated with increased frequency of cannabis use (p = .003), and impulsivity did not predict frequency of cannabis use (p = .683). Overall, results indicated that greater trait impulsivity was associated with past 30-day cannabis use, but not frequency of cannabis use. Conversely, greater CPA exposure was not associated with whether one used cannabis in the past 30 days but instead was related to increased frequency of past 30-day cannabis use. Thus, although trait impulsivity may identify cannabis users, CPA may identify sexual minority women who are at risk for increased frequency of cannabis use. Given the potential long-term harms associated with increased cannabis use (e.g., changes in brain morphology, cognitive impairment, and respiratory issues), prevention efforts targeting bisexual women may want to consider impulsivity and CPA.
Reports on the topic "FEMA Child Risk Survey"
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Assessing the potential demand for and effectiveness of integrating STI/HIV management services with Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council's clinic-based family planning services. Population Council, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1999.1004.
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HIV/AIDS is a threat to individual lives and the national economies of many sub-Saharan African countries, despite efforts to contain its spread. The region also suffers from high levels of other reproductive tract infections (RTIs), some of which increase the risk of sexual transmission of HIV. The control of RTIs is therefore seen not only as an important reproductive health care strategy, but as a key strategy in reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS. Most national health care programs in the region are actively seeking cost-effective ways of implementing an RTI management program that would reduce and prevent RTIs and HIV. To date, most emphasis has been placed on managing RTI/HIV within high-risk groups, but many programs are now trying to reach a bigger proportion of the at-risk population through integrating RTI/HIV management services into existing maternal and child health/family planning (MCH/FP) programs. As noted in this baseline survey report, a variety of methods were used to collect and synthesize information that could be used in developing an appropriate and cost-effective approach to the integration of RTI/HIV within FP services.