Journal articles: 'Female friendship'

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Vicinus, Martha. "Normalizing Female Friendship." Victorian Studies 50, no. 1 (October 2007): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2007.50.1.81.

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Ziarek, Ewa Plonowska. "De Copia: On Narcissism, Echo, and the Im-Possible Female Friendship." Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 23, no. 2 (December 7, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2015.703.

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There are two interrelated questions that I would like to explore in the context of Pleshette DeArmitt’s work. The first one pertains to the intellectual stakes in the eloquent style of her writing, its elegance and playfulness, which accompanies the philosophical order of argumentation. And the second one refers to the issue of female friendship. How can one discuss such friendship without resorting to merely biographical, historical, or autobiographical terms? Yet what kind of philosophical theories of female friendship could I possibly refer to? Perhaps to none. DeArmitt, whose life has created so many friendships, did not live long enough to write about friendship, at least not directly. And yet I would like to suggest that her captivating—the adjective that I use here deliberately—book, The Right to Narcissism: A Case for Im-possible Self-Love, leaves us traces of female friendship in her philosophical argument that narcissistic self-love is inseparable from the love of another.

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Mumford, Elizabeth A., Bruce G. Taylor, and Peggy C. Giordano. "Perpetration of Adolescent Dating Relationship Abuse: The Role of Conditional Tolerance for Violence and Friendship Factors." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 5-6 (February 1, 2017): 1206–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517693002.

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Research has pointed to the salience of friendships in predicting abuse in adolescent dating relationships. The current study investigates the perpetration of physical and sexual dating abuse as predicted by individual conditional tolerance for dating abuse within the context of friendship behaviors and group characteristics. Using two waves of the National Survey of Teen Relationships and Intimate Violence (STRiV; N = 511 daters aged 12-18 years), we investigated the effects of baseline individual tolerance for hitting dating partners and friendship factors on perpetration of physical and sexual adolescent dating abuse (ADA) approximately 1 year later. Conditional tolerance for hitting boyfriends was associated with ADA perpetration in the absence of friendship characteristics. Daters who reported recent discussion of a problem with friends and female daters who named all-girl friendship groups were more likely to report ADA perpetration. Close friendships are an avenue for preventing ADA perpetration. Furthermore, ADA perpetration may be reduced by targeting conditional tolerance for violence particularly against male partners within female friendship groups.

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Ackermann, Katharina, Anne Martinelli, Anka Bernhard, Kathrin Ueno, Christine M. Freitag, Gerhard Büttner, Florian Schmiedek, and Christina Schwenck. "Validation of the Network of Relationship Inventory in Female and Male Adolescents." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 36, no. 2 (March 2020): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000508.

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Abstract. Friendships and their different qualities have been shown to be important for adolescents’ socio-emotional development and psychological adjustment. In empirical research on such friendship qualities, the Network of Relationship Inventory – Relationship Quality Version (NRI-RQV) is a widely used questionnaire. Here, we conduct an extensive validation of a German version of the NRI-RQV, investigating its factor structure, reliability, and concurrent validity, in a sample of N = 679 adolescents aged 13–18 years. Applying multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, we further test whether the factor structure of the friendship quality construct holds across groups of males and females. Results showed that a structure with nine correlated first-order factors fit the data well, indicating nine distinct friendship qualities in males and females. Measurement invariance testing suggested the same underlying friendship quality construct, albeit differences in mean scores per gender. As evidence for concurrent validity, closeness and discordant friendship qualities showed expected correlations with empathy and social problems, respectively, but not with aggressive behavior. Overall, results indicate good psychometric properties for the German version of the NRI-RQV as a measure of friendship qualities in both males and females.

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Nan, Ioana Gabriela. "Girlhood and Girl Friendship in the Narratives of Bjørg Vik and Karin Sveen." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 68, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2023.2.08.

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"Girlhood and Girl Friendship in the Narratives of Bjørg Vik and Karin Sveen. The article is an account of girls growing up, based on two of Bjørg Vik’s short stories and a novel by Karin Sveen. After introducing the notion of female friendship and girlhood, it places the two authors against the background of Norwegian female authors writing about women and adolescent girls. It goes on to point out the importance of the environment for the girl friendships in the chosen works, and the power hierarchies based on looks that determine the girls’ allegiances. Finally, it comments on the girls’ shifting beliefs in freedom and solidarity as they grow older. Keywords: women’s literature, female friendship, girlhood, coming-of-age narrative, solidarity"

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Rouncefield-Swales, Alison, Bernie Carter, Lucy Bray, Lucy Blake, Stephen Allen, Chris Probert, Kay Crook, and Pamela Qualter. "Sustaining, Forming, and Letting Go of Friendships for Young People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Qualitative Interview-Based Study." International Journal of Chronic Diseases 2020 (September 4, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7254972.

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incurable, chronic, gastrointestinal condition that can constrain young people’s social relationships. Few studies have specifically explored friendships of people with IBD. This qualitative, participatory study used interviews, photographs, and friendship maps to explore friendships and friendship networks of young people with IBD. An online Young Person’s Advisory Group was actively engaged throughout the study. Thirty-one young people participated (n=16 males, n=15 female; n=24 Crohn’s disease, n=6 ulcerative colitis, n=1 IBD-unclassified; the mean age at study was 18.7 years; range 14-25 years). Findings present a metatheme “The importance and meaning of friendships” and three interwoven subthemes of “Sustaining friendships,” “Forming new friendships,” and “Letting go of friendships.” Friendship was important to the young people with IBD, providing support, but associated with challenges such as disclosure. Such challenges could be mitigated by clearer conversations with clinicians about friendships and more extensive conversations about friendships and long-term conditions in education settings.

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Panchadhyayi, Sayendri. "Gender, Widowhood and Female Solidarity: A Study on Female Friendships of later-life widows." Research on Ageing and Social Policy 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 26–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/rasp.2020.5053.

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Friendship is an intrinsic aspect of living across generations. However, the significance of friendship for the silver generation has received limited attention from gerontological studies in India. Considering that widowhood is accompanied by loneliness, bereavement and stigma, I am interested to understand the implications of widowhood for elderly women and to what extent friendship has the potential in countering and negotiating with ageing and widowhood. This is further important in demystifying the myth of transient nature of female friendship and illuminate on the spaces of female solidarity. The study has incorporated qualitative interviewing and oral narratives administered through semi-structured questionnaire conducted in the setting of the respective residence of the respondents. It was found that the social context of ageing and the structural context shape the experiences of friendship. Friendship can be low maintenance for these women; however a friend is one through interaction with whom one derives equanimity contentment and meaning for leading life without the presence of spouse. They challenged the notion of normative understanding of friendship by identifying kin members sometimes across generations as friends. Female friendship is not fragile and they feel that it is more intense and laden with emotions compared to male friendship.

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Saunders, Pamela. "FRIENDSHIP IS IN THE DETAILS: CO-CONSTRUCTION OF RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA IN LONG-TERM CARE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1223.

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Abstract Friendships have been linked to psychological and emotional wellbeing and better physical functioning in older adults. Conversely, negative consequences (e.g., depression) are associated with losing friendships and shrinking social networks. While cognitive decline might be a limiting factor for persons with dementia (PWD) to establish friendships, this has not been proven in the literature. This paper reports on 20 interactions between PWD collected during the Friendship Study (de Medeiros et al. 2011), an ethnographic study of friendship in long-term care (LTC). Participants are male and female residents in an LTC community. Diagnoses range from mild to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Conversational interactions were transcribed and coded for linguistic and discursive devices signaling friendly interactions. Findings reveal that friendships are co-constructed by PWD using 4 primary linguistic discursive devices, including topic (meals, religion, medication, furniture, directions, baking), co-constructed narrative, repetition, and alignment. Implications for future research on friendship among PWD are discussed.

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Wise, Richard A., and Alan R. King. "Family Environment as a Predictor of the Quality of College Students' Friendships." Journal of Family Issues 29, no. 6 (November 7, 2007): 828–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x07309461.

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Family environment appears to be an important determinant of friendship quality. Despite this apparent link, few studies have explored how family environment relates to friendship, especially among college students. The present study examined the relationship between family environment and best friendships, by administering the Family Environment Scale (FES) and the Acquaintance Description Form—Revised (ADF-F2) to 408 college students. Family environment was a better predictor of friendship quality for female college students than for male college students. For the women, a total of 13% of the FES and ADF-F2 correlations were significant at the p < .01 level. The best predictors of friendship quality for the women were the FES active recreational and intellectual—cultural dimensions. Gender differences were also evident in students' perceptions of their families' environments and their views of the quality of their best friendships. Implications of the present study for college adjustment and retention are discussed.

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Marengo, Davide, Emanuela Rabaglietti, and Franca Tani. "Internalizing Symptoms and Friendship Stability: Longitudinal Actor-Partner Effects in Early Adolescent Best Friend Dyads." Journal of Early Adolescence 38, no. 7 (April 20, 2017): 947–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431617704953.

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The present study investigated the stability of friendship nominations over the course of a school year as a function of early adolescents’ and their classroom best friends’ internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Sample consisted of 156 early adolescents (57.1% female; [Formula: see text] age = 12.62; SD = 0.62) involved in 78 same-sex best friendship dyads. We assessed best friendship (classroom) nominations at beginning (T1) and end (T2) of the school year. Results of longitudinal analyses performed with the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model indicated adolescents’ and their classroom best friends’ depressive symptoms predicted lower stability of best friendships over time, whereas best friends’ somatization emerged as a predictor of higher friendship stability. In addition, positive dyadic friendship quality predicted greater stability over time. These findings highlight the importance of employing a dyadic framework when examining the role of internalizing symptoms in friendship stability.

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Tomiyama, Naoko. "Friendship in Female University Freshmen." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 82 (September 25, 2018): 1PM—028–1PM—028. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.82.0_1pm-028.

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Candler Hayes, Julie. "Friendship and the Female Moralist." Studies in Eighteenth Century Culture 39, no. 1 (2010): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sec.0.0066.

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Card, Claudia. "Female Friendship: Separations and Continua." Hypatia 3, no. 2 (1988): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00073.x.

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This review essay on Janice Raymond's A Passion for Friends, sympathetic to the author's inquiry into the institutional contexts of female friendship, criticizes as unnecessary its rejection of feminist separatism and of the “lesbian continuum” and formulates a possible connection of its account of sources of passionate friendship among women to the new research on women and violence.

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Bachmann, Laurence. "Female friendship and gender transformation." European Journal of Women's Studies 21, no. 2 (December 16, 2013): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506813515856.

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Sachi, Hsie Michiko, and Liem Satya Limanta. "Thorns Covered in Petals on a Pedestal: A Collection of Lyrical Poetry Exploring the Cause and Effects of Toxic Female Friendship¬." k@ta kita 12, no. 1 (March 4, 2024): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/katakita.12.1.80-85.

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When a female friend envies and covets what her female friend has, this leads to a toxic female friendship. Toxicity among female friends has its effects on the victims. This leads the victim to normalize toxic friendship behavior, experience loneliness, and have lower self-worth compared to people who are not the victim of the said phenomenon. This creative work is written in a collection of lyrical poetry, portraying the cause and effects of toxic female friendship. There are fifteen poems in total, with six poems portraying the perpetrator’s envy (‘PART I: Side-eyes on Shiny Emblems’) and another nine poems expressing loneliness and lower self-worth of the victim (‘PART II: Lone to the Bone, Too Gloom to Bloom’). This creative work, ‘Thorns Covered in Petals up on a Pedestal’ shows how vicious a hint of envy can be, thus the terrible outcomes it brings in a friendship among females, especially to the victim.

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Vögeli, Alma, and Ada Ruçi. "Friendly Relationships among Youths." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 5, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p40-43.

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This study will be focused on a very important social relationship that is friendship. Humans are social being and are born to be socialized with others. Isolation and solitude is not its characteristic. Friendship refers to a close and personal relationship, the care with its attributes such as: reciprocity, common choices, trust, openness and loyalty. Circumstances affect the types of friendship at youth age or early adulthood. (Adams and Blieszner, 1996). Friendly relationships in high school are based upon interests is the hypothesis this study will be based on.Subjects that will be part of this study are youths. The study is conducted among students of the State University of Tirana. 50% of selected subjects study at social-oriented departments and the other 50% study at science-oriented departments. The selected methodology is quantitative. The type of systematic randomized sampling is used on this study. The hypothesis this study was based on resulted to be true. The study proved that friendships at faculty are based upon interests. The primary interest where the friendship relationships are based includes interests related directly to school. The main subjects resulted to be the free time spent together and doing the homework together. The females resulted to be more sociable, as the major number of students has mostly female friends within their close friendship circle. Students socialize with individuals that meet their economic state, expectations in school grades and personal characteristics. Reciprocity in friendship relationships while at faculty is very important and males value it more than females.

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Sharabany, Ruth, Yohanan Eshel, and Caesar Hakim. "Boyfriend, girlfriend in a traditional society: Parenting styles and development of intimate friendships among Arabs in school." International Journal of Behavioral Development 32, no. 1 (January 2008): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025407084053.

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The development of intimate same- and other-sex friendships in Arab children and adolescents in Israel was investigated in relation to their perceived parenting styles. It was hypothesized that girls would show higher levels of intimacy than boys, and that cross-sex intimacy in both groups would increase with age, whereas same-sex intimate friendship maintains rather stable over the school years. We hypothesized further that intimate friendship would be contingent more readily on perceived parental authoritative style rather than on either permissive or authoritarian styles. Participants were 723 Arab students drawn from four schools, and from the 5th, 7th, 9th, and 11th grades. The Parental Authority Questionnaire and Intimate Friendship Scale were employed as measures. Findings indicated that girls were more intimate with their female friends than boys were with their male friends, especially in the higher grades, replicating previous studies. However, boys tended to score higher than girls on intimacy with the other gender. Girls equaled their level of intimacy only at the 11th grade. These findings suggest that traditional societies may foster specific characteristics of intimate friendship. A novel finding is the central role of the authoritative parenting style in determining intimate friendships. Results are discussed in terms of universal aspects of friendship and of their expression in the investigated cultural setting.

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Banki, Luisa. "Schreiben einer Tradition." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 44, no. 1 (June 4, 2019): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2019-0008.

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Abstract Around 1800, literary and gender discourses intersected in novel conceptualisations of friendship. Departing from a discussion of the possibility of female friendship, this paper offers a reading of Sophie von La Roche’s epistolary friendship with Julie Bondeli as it is presented in her late work Mein Schreibetisch (1799). This literary friendship, I argue, is offered as a model of female friendship that invites emulation. It thereby becomes an implicit – and only retrospectively reconstructable – beginning of a tradition of female literary friendship and authorship.

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Khanna, Priyanka. "The Female Companion in a World of Men: Friendship and Concubinage in Late Eighteenth-century Marwar." Studies in History 33, no. 1 (February 2017): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0257643016677458.

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This article maps the journey of the intimate companionship between a concubine and a Rajput ruler—Gulabrai and Vijay Singh, respectively—in the late eighteenth-century kingdom of Marwar in western Rajasthan. Based on hitherto unexamined local evidence, the article explores the ways in which a bond of friendship was constituted and unfolded in the everyday spheres of interaction between the concubine and the ruler. By turning attention to their evident emotions, such as of grief, trust, loyalty and love for each other, and shared partnership in spheres of religion and administration, this article suggests that friendship co-existed and overlapped with other forms of attachments in the overtly hierarchical relationship between the concubinage partners in focus. To emphasize the distinct form of this intimate companionship, the article also takes note of other forms of friendships that were centred on the agency of the concubine in the Rajput polity, and, in this way this article advances on the limited historical knowledge on concubinage in Rajput households and opens the possibility of including cross-sex associations in the discourse on friendship in early modern South Asia.

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Moberg, Åsa. "On the Importance of Female Friendship." Simone de Beauvoir Studies 28, no. 1 (October 23, 2012): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25897616-02801010.

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Jefferson, Ann. "Female Friendship as a Literary Fact." Romanic Review 107, no. 1-4 (January 1, 2016): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26885220-107.1-4.137.

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Raymond, Janice. "Female Friendship: Contra Chodorow and Dinnerstein." Hypatia 1, no. 2 (1986): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1986.tb00836.x.

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The author critiques two widely-used works in Women's Studies for their hetero-relational content and the ways in which they minimize the necessity for affinities between women. Dinnerstein and Chodorow give us in theory what movies such as Kramer vs. Kramer depict in the film. It is not co-parenting and the inclusion of the male in an equal parenting role that will remedy present “sexual arrangements,” without first giving attention to women's relations with each other.

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de Medeiros, Kate. "NONE OF THEM ARE REALLY FRIENDS: STAFF PERCEPTIONS OF THE SOCIAL WORLD OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA IN LONG-TERM CARE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1224.

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Abstract Nursing homes are charged with the care and protection of residents. Consequently, staff exercise tremendous control over residents’ day-to-day lives, including their social worlds. This is especially true for people living with dementia who may have challenges with communication. This paper examined how staff viewed friendships among dementia residents. Eleven staff members were asked to describe the friendship among the 20 residents in their charge to include who was friends with whom and what were the key features of the friendships. Results revealed that nearly all staff viewed residents as incapable of forming friendships among other residents. One exception was that many staff viewed felts that the male residents enjoyed a level of friendship that female residents did not. Overall, the findings point to the need to help staff move beyond a limited view of residents’ capabilities and discover ways to help foster a rich social environment

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Cook, Emily C. "Affective and physiological synchrony in friendships during late adolescence." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 37, no. 4 (January 6, 2020): 1296–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407519895106.

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Dyadic synchrony within friendships examines the reciprocal exchange that may unfold between friends, such that the individuals within the dyad may share their emotions in response to or in anticipation of another’s emotions. Researchers have not examined synchrony in response to a stressor in late adolescents’ friendship dyads. This is surprising given the important role of friends in shaping social and emotional development. The current study examined affective and physiological synchrony within 50 college students who were in the developmental period of late adolescence (70% female, M age = 18.85, SD = 0.80) and observed friendship characteristics (friendship quality and negative escalation) that might strengthen synchrony associations. Results suggested that friends shared negative and positive affect, cortisol, and salivary alpha amylase (sAA) responses across a laboratory paradigm designed to induce interpersonal stress. Characteristics associated with lower quality friendships were found to strengthen synchrony associations for sAA and cortisol responses. These findings extend previous research on the ways in which friends may be similar to one another and suggest potential interventions to strengthen social and emotional development.

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Shchetinina, A. V., and A. S. Semekhina. "Female Friendship: Analysis of Phrase in Media Discourse and Drawing up a Definition." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 9 (November 30, 2022): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-9-163-177.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the phrase female friendship against the background of the phrase male friendship, the features of their functioning in artistic, journalistic and network discourses. It is noted that the expression is actively used: the Yandex system issues several million responses to the query “female friendship”. The authors believe that the phrase demonstrates a stable character, since it is reproducible, expressive, has evaluative connotations that are additional to the main denotative meaning. It is emphasized that male friendship is traditionally considered a value and this is how this phenomenon can be described in an explanatory dictionary. The combination female friendship was portrayed, which made it possible to draw up a definition that can be included in the dictionary. It was revealed that the phrase female friendship is ambivalent, and has evaluative semantics, both positive and negative. It has been established that in one of the meanings, female friendship is associated with close relationships between women, psychological harmony, based on common interests; on the other hand, with false intimacy between women, such relationships, which are characterized by competitiveness, including in relations with men, unreliability, superficiality.

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Sagal, Anna K. "“That Friendship Which Is Yet Dearer to Me than Any Other Earthly Good”." Eighteenth-Century Life 43, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-7725738.

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This article argues that Eliza Haywood’s periodical Epistles for the Ladies is an important contribution to the perennially popular eighteenth-century dialogue about female friendships. Contextualizing this work in other seventeenth-and eighteenth-century writings about women and friendship, this article also makes the case for Haywood’s radical vision of female virtue in contrast to didactic and pedagogical literature. Likewise, the article argues that Epistles showcases Haywood’s ambitious critical aims by incorporating both amatory pleasures and moral concerns.

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Gasser-Haas, Olivia, Fabio Sticca, and Corina Wustmann Seiler. "The longitudinal role of early family risks and early social-emotional problems for friendship quality in preadolescence—A regression model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): e0253888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253888.

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The quality of a best friendship provides information about how developmentally beneficial it is. However, little is known about possible early risk factors that influence later friendship quality. The present study examined the role of family risks and social-emotional problems (behavioral problems, peer problems, anxious, and depressive symptoms) in early childhood for positive (i.e., support and help) and negative (i.e., conflicts and betrayal) dimensions of friendship quality with their best friend in preadolescence. 293 children (47.9% female) aged 2–4, their parents and teachers participated in the study with three measurement occasions (T1; Mage = 2.81, T2; Mage = 3.76, T3; Mage = 9.69). The last measurement occasion was at the age of 9–11 years. Results of the longitudinal regression model showed that depressive symptoms in early childhood were associated with a lower positive dimension of friendship quality in preadolescence. In contrast, early anxious symptoms were related to a higher positive dimension of friendship quality six years later. Neither family risks, nor behavioral problems and peer problems in early childhood were linked to the positive dimension of friendship quality in preadolescence. No early predictors were found for the negative dimension of friendship quality. Possible reasons for the lack of associations are discussed. Findings suggest that children with early depressive symptoms at 3–5 years of age should be the targets of potential interventions to form high quality friendships in preadolescence. Possible interventions are mentioned.

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Flynn, Heather Kohler, Diane H. Felmlee, Xiaoling Shu, and Rand D. Conger. "Mothers and Fathers Matter: The Influence of Parental Support, Hostility, and Problem Solving on Adolescent Friendships." Journal of Family Issues 39, no. 8 (January 31, 2018): 2389–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x18755423.

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We examine the pathways by which parents influence adolescents’ close friendships, focusing on three types of behavioral styles: hostile, warm, and problem solving. Structural equation models are estimated using data at two time points from the Iowa Youth and Families Project ( N = 227 friendship pairs). Results suggest that the lives of adolescents and both their mother and father are inexorably linked. Observed interactions with a close friend at Time 2 reveal teens recreate their parents’ original hostile, supportive, and problem-solving styles from Time 1. This outcome depends on (a) type of behavior and (b) gender. Mothers’ supportive behavior, fathers’ problem solving, and both parents’ hostile behavior significantly influence adolescents’ comparable interaction styles. Adolescents’ subsequent behavior toward their friend significantly affects friendship quality. Lower levels of hostile behavior in female youth, increased problem solving by males, and supportive actions toward a friend for both relate positively to rewarding friendships.

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Aisyah, Heriatul, and Ivan Muhammad Agung. "CORRELATION BETWEEN FORGIVENESS AND ADOLESCENCE FRIENDSHIP INTIMACY MODERATED BY GENDER." Jurnal Psikologi 19, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jp.19.3.211-218.

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Friendship intimacy is one of the critical developing aspects of adolescence. Previous research shows that forgiveness has a vital role in the interpersonal relationship. This research aims to find a correlation between forgiveness and adolescent friendship intimacy based on gender. Research’s participant consists of 250 teenagers (125 male and 125 female, M = 16.2, SD = .7, with 15-18 years old age range) in a Pekanbaru school. The sample was collected through convenience sampling. This study used the Friendship Intimacy Scale with α = .82 and Forgiveness Scale, with α = .94. Based on data analysis, a product-moment correlation shows a positive correlation between forgiveness and adolescence friendship intimacy (r = .273, p < .01), which means the higher the level of individual forgiveness is, the higher the friendship intimacy become. The moderator variable analysis shows that gender becomes a relationship moderator variable between forgiveness and adolescence friendship intimacy (p < .01), which means that correlation between forgiveness and friendship intimacy is more substantial on males than females.

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Sert Agır, Meral. "Investigation of emotions management skills, perceived social competence, friendship quality, social exclusion and need to belong in adolescents." SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801034.

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The research was conducted to investigate the dynamics between emotional management skills, perceived social competence, friendship quality, social exclusion, and need to belong in adolescents. Previous studies emphasize the importance of competencies in adolescents related to emotional management skills in social and academic life as well as in the family. In this context, emotional management skills gain an importance as a feature that can help adolescents become a member of a group and meet the need to belong by positively changing the perception of the social competence of the individual, increasing social harmony, and developing meaningful and supportive friendships. Research data was obtained by applying "Emotions Management Skills Scale", "Perceived Social Competence Scale", "Friendship Quality Scale", "Social Exclusion Scale", "Need to Belong Scale" and "Personal Information Form" on 431 students (195 male, 236 female) in 9th, 10th, and 11th Grades in Kadıköy district, Istanbul province. Significant differences were found in friendship quality, perceived social competence, and emotions management with respect to gender. In addition, differences were found in investigated characteristics with respect to age, grade, academic achievement, family dynamics and, a negative relationship was found between social exclusion and emotions management skills, perceived social competence, and friendship quality.

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Aguilar, Aloha, Krizza Lutrania, and Emma Ceballo. "The friend that got away: An exploration on female adolescents’ friendship dissolution." University of Mindanao International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 4, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55990/umimrj.v4i1.405.

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Friendship is said to be one of the most indispensable requirements of life for it gives us empowerment in many forms. Nonetheless, no matter how beneficial it is for us, it is just undeniably realistic that it has its own ending point considering many factors. And so, friendship was explored in terms of its formation and its maintenance and how they fueled its unfortunate dissolution. There was a total of 11 informants who responded through in-depth interview. Results showed that deep connections of friendship were formed through commonalities, shared experiences, intimacy, early year foundation, and open communication. Friendship maintenance include trust and intimacy which can be developed through the following strategies namely, self – disclosure, honesty, tolerance, constant communication, frequent bonding, and unconditional support. Other findings on why the relationship terminated were due to betrayal, third party, and personal conflict which accordingly resulted into experiencing of unpleasant emotions.

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Min, Jayoung. "Eighteenth-century British Female Boarding Schools and the Homoerotic Female Friendship." Korean Society for Teaching English Literature 23, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19068/jtel.2019.23.2.01.

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Carroo, Agatha White. "Recognition of Faces as a Function of Race, Attitudes, and Reported Cross-Racial Friendships." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 1 (February 1987): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.1.319.

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This study was conducted to assess the ability of 19 black male and 25 female college students to identify previously seen black and white male and female faces as a function of interracial experience, racial attitude, and cross-racial friendships. A significant own-race advantage in recognition was noted; concomitantly, more frequent false responses with white faces were recorded. Trends between performance and cross-racial friendship and interracial experience were noted for black males' recognition of white males' faces. No significant relationships between egalitarian attitude and recognition of white faces were observed. Measures of racial attitude and interracial experience were discussed.

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Rahmawati, Ida, and Masruroh Masruroh. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRIENDSHIP QUALITY AND ANXIETY IN FACING PHYSICAL CHANGES DURING PUBERTY IN FEMALE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL." Nurse and Health: Jurnal Keperawatan 9, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36720/nhjk.v9i2.162.

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Background: Friends have the most influence in an individual's life. Friendship contains specific elements, such as trust, openness, sharing of ups and downs, and learning to deal with conflict. Puberty children try to have friends to share their feelings with others. Because with good friendship will reduce minimize the anxiety they experience at puberty (Wulandari, Kustriyani, & Fiyannti, 2018).Objectives: The Purpose of this study to determine the relationship between friendship quality and anxiety facing the physical changes of puberty in female students at SDIT Bakti Insani Sleman Yogyakarta.Methods: This study was a quantitative research with survey method, with a total sampling of 47 respondents. Research instruments with questionnaires, the questionnaire was adopted from Marvienda (2007), researchers used a measuring instrument in the form of a friendship quality scale and anxiety scale of female students during puberty. Data analysis using person product moment.Results: The result showed respondents age 100% at the early adolescent stage, 74.5% respondents had not yet menarche, 25.5% had menarche, the average value of friendship quality was 84.89 and the average anxiety value was 63.91. The results showed that there was no relationship between the quality of friendship with anxiety facing physical changes during puberty in female students at SDIT Bakti Insani Sleman Yogyakarta (r = -.38, p-value = .802).Conclusion: This study found that the majority of respondents were in their early teens and only a small proportion had experienced menarche. The average value of high friendship quality shows that the quality of friendship is also high and the average value of anxiety in the medium shows moderate anxiety. The implications of this study are as input or consideration in preparing adolescent reproductive health starting from the beginning of puberty at school. Keywords: Quality of Friendship, Anxiety, Puberty, Physical Changes

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Sara, Rezi, Sri Buwono, Yusawinur Barella, Maria Ulfah, and Venny Karolina. "Conflict management in friendship relationships based on gender among social science education students." Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v8i1.7604.

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This research aims to determine whether there is a difference in the way males and females encounter conflict to find a resolution in friendship relationships among Social Studies Education students. The research employs a quantitative approach with a survey method using purposive sampling, involving a total of 91 participants who have experienced conflicts, consisting of 26 male students and 65 female students. Data collection utilizes a questionnaire adapted from Johnson, and data analysis employs descriptive statistics. The results indicate that 1) conflict management strategies employed by male and female students in friendship relationships within Social Studies Education predominantly involve collaboration, with an average percentage score of 21.38 for male students and 21.45 for female students, and 2) the research findings based on gender differences show (p > 0.05 = 0.67 > 0.05, t = 0.42, df = 89), indicating no significant difference in conflict management between male and female students.

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Bani Hamad, Abeer Omar, and Abdul Karim Muhammed Jaradat. "Friendship Quality as a Predictor of Addiction to Social Networking Sites among University Students." Jordanian Educational Journal 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 142–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46515/jaes.v9i1.467.

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This study aimed to identifying the extent to which the quality of friendship contributes to addiction to social networking sites among Jordanian university students. The study sample consisted of (629) male and female students at the bachelor’s level. The study fillowed the predictive descriptive methodology. Data were collected online using two measurement tools to measure the quality of friendship and addiction to social. Networking sites. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of males and females on the social media addiction scale, in favor of males, and on the quality of friendship, in favor of females. The results showed that two dimension of the friendship quality scale predict addiction to social networking sites among males. These two dimensions are trustworthy alliance and familiarity. While none of the dimensions of this scale were predicted for females, Anumber of recommendations were presented such as: the necessityof a role for the family in guiding children to choose the ideal type of friend, and the necessity of strengthening self-monitoring for future research.

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Ahmed, Shabbir, Muhammad Mushtaq, and Fariha Chauhdari. "A Study of Alienation in Toni Morrison's Love: Poverty, Patriarchal Institution of Marriage and Female Friendship." Journal of English Language, Literature and Education 2, no. 03 (March 29, 2021): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2021.020369.

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This paper analyses the theme of mutual female bonding of black women in Toni Morrison's novel Love (2003). Sisterhood might be a weapon against alienation experienced by black women created by various factors as racial, gender and class injustices. However, this female friendship of black women in Morrison suffers a serious setback and changes into an alienated relationship in the long run because of powerful temptations under the canopy of the patriarchal structure of marriage and class strata. While highlighting the healing power of female companionship which may allow women to survive in the face of challenges and injustices, this study brings forth an argument that this female friendship is ultimately damaged by explicit or implicit patriarchal forces working under the platform of social institutions of marriage and class. Through this failed female friendship, Morrison warns her female readers to be on guard against the omnipresent fatal patriarchal forces in operation against them.

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Winch, Alison. "Brand Intimacy, Female Friendship and Digital Surveillance Networks." New Formations 84, no. 84 (October 20, 2015): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/newf:84/85.11.2015.

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Rizzo, Betty, and Tess Cosslett. "Woman to Woman: Female Friendship in Victorian Fiction." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 8, no. 2 (1989): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463747.

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Ivy, Randolph, Tess Cosslett, and Philip W. Martin. "Woman to Woman: Female Friendship in Victorian Fiction." Modern Language Review 85, no. 1 (January 1990): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3732824.

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Cords, Marina. "Friendship among adult female blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis)." Behaviour 139, no. 2 (2002): 291–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853902760102681.

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Nurjaman, Tabah Aris. "Predicting dependency level in dyadic friendship." Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v11i1.21377.

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This study aims to (1) investigate the dyadic friendship domain and (2) test it as a predictor of a friendship dependency level. The study was conducted in two stages: Study I and Study 2. Study I explored four friendship domains by using an indigenous psychological approach. Study 2 predicted the dyadic codependency level based on the finding of Study I by implementing an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model conducted in 25 experiments (5 hidden layers x 5 epochs). Data collection was carried out using five open-ended questions and one closed-ended question in Study I; and the Investment Model Scale adaptation questionnaire (13 items; α = 0.832) in Study 2. Study 1 and Study 2 were conducted at a time on 268 respondents (52 male, 216 female). The finding of Study I showed that friendship starts from: (a) the initial contact, which was based on the proximity factor (48.51%), (b) closeness, which was based on personality factors (36.19%), (c) the most frequent activities carried out together in the form of hanging out (52.61%), and (d) the reason for fear of losing a partner due to personality factors (29.48%). Study 2 revealed that friendship dependency level can be predicted by four friendship domains with an accuracy level of 58.35%, in which the initial contact and joint activity domain was of higher importance than the two others (epoch = 5000; hidden layer = 4 units). The overall findings showed that the dyadic codependency level not only can be calculated after friendships are formed and developed but also can be predicted from the initial stages of a relationship when acquaintanceship occurs.

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Zarbatany, Lynne, Ryanne Conley, and Susan Pepper. "Personality and gender differences in friendship needs and experiences in preadolescence and young adulthood." International Journal of Behavioral Development 28, no. 4 (July 2004): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000514.

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Personality and gender differences in close same-sex friendship needs and experiences were investigated in two samples. Participants were 312 university students (217 women, M age 1/4 19.5) and 491 preadolescents (269 girls, M age 1/4 11.87). Participants completed several questionnaires yielding scores for communion and agency (personality), communal and agentic friendship needs, actual communal and agentic provisions of a best friendship, and affective functioning (satisfaction with the best friendship, loneliness). Findings revealed that close friendship serves both communal (connection) and agentic (social prominence) needs. Agency and/or communion predicted friendship needs and experiences and affective correlates of failure to meet friendship needs (friendship satisfaction, loneliness). Thus, friendship is not a homogeneous experience, but is shaped by the dispositions of the individuals who comprise it. Gender differences emerged in communal and agentic friendship needs and experiences; however, consensus among male and female participants regarding the functions of close friendship fails to support strong claims regarding gender-differentiated “worlds.”

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Herbst, Uta, Hilla Dotan, and Sina Stöhr. "Negotiating with work friends: examining gender differences in team negotiations." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 32, no. 4 (May 2, 2017): 558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2015-0250.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate whether a team of females negotiates differently than a team of males, and whether (workplace) friendship moderates the relationship between single-gender team composition and negotiation outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The authors used two laboratory studies and paired 216 MBA students into single-gender teams of friends and non-friends, and then engaged them in several dyadic multi-issue negotiations. Findings The results show that on average, male teams of non-friends reached significantly better outcomes than female teams of non-friends. However, and interestingly, female teams of friends perform equally to male teams of friends. Research limitations/implications The authors contribute both to the negotiations and the workplace friendship literature because very little research has examined negotiation among friends at work and in particular team negotiations. In addition, the authors also contribute to the literature on gender differences in negotiations because existing research has rarely examined the differences between all-male and all-female teams and especially the relationship between same-sex teams and their effects on negotiation outcomes. Practical implications This research has clear implications to managers with regard to team composition. Specifically, a winning all-female team should not be changed! Originality/value This is the first study to examine the relationship between workplace friendship, gender and negotiation outcomes.

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Song, Ki-ho. "Female Friendship, Love, and Community of Women in Early Women Writers in Britain." Convergence English Language & Literature Association 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55986/cell.2023.8.2.1.

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In Britain, long before Wollstonecraft’s The Vindication of Women’s Rights, many female writers questioned the contemporary society that took it for granted the inferior social status of women. One interesting way of making critique of the male-dominant contemporary society was to emphasize female friendship and love. Katherine Philips, Mary Lee Chudleigh and Aphra Behn assert that love and marriage in the contemporary male-dominant society simply become a means to fulfill men’s desire to rule over women, thereby emphasizing the consolation of female friendship and love. Mary Astell and Sarah Scott go further than this, and they propose a separative community of women based on mutual female friendship. These writers make a significant and poignant feminist critique of men’s oppression of women by locating women outside the very social order and relations of power in which men can exercise their oppressive power over women.

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Lee, Woochang. "“An Inviolable Friendship for Each Other”:Samuel Richardson in the Eighteenth-Century Female Friendship Discourse." Journal of Eighteenth-Century English Literature 20, no. 20 (November 30, 2023): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46345/ecel.2023.20.2.001.

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Peretti, Peter O. "ELDERLY-ANIMAL FRIENDSHIP BONDS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1990.18.1.151.

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Studies have been done which have found attachments between people and their pets. The present study was conducted to determine the variables of the elderly-animal friendship bond. The study focused on self-perceived criteria of the aged regarding their intimate association with their dogs. Results indicated self-perceived variables of companionship, emotional bond, usefulness, loyalty and no negotiation. There were significant differences in responses between the male and female Ss with regard to the variables of loyalty and no negotiation.

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Yao, Yanan. "The Fluidity in Becoming Women: Being Both the Nightshade and Blackberry in Toni Morrisons Sula." Communications in Humanities Research 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 572–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2/2022628.

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Female identity and female relationship are the cores of Toni Morrisons novel Sula, as she declares in the forward what is friendship between women when unmediated by men? What are the risks of individualism in a determinedly individualistic, yet racially uniform and socially static, community? By creating troubled, or outlaw, women, Morrison challenges the binary thinking that women can either survive or perish depending on their subordination to males; instead, she argues women can be both evil and good by challenging the conventions scripted by patriarchy. Indeed, this empowerment originates and sustains itself from female relationships, like maternal relationships and womanly friendships. This article begins by employing Judith Butlers theory of performativity that gender is essence-lacking compelled social fiction, and then it pays particular attention to female characters and their intersected relationships. In this way, I argue that the troubled women in Sula provides alternative theatre space for females to practice peculiar performance, thus challenging the conventions set by patriarchy and finding the heterogeneous me-ness. The article concludes that becoming a woman is fluid, not static. Because it is constantly shaped by their intermittent female relationships in the conditioned space, there is possibility for modulating the conventional gender roles embodied in the society.

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Riemer, Brenda A., and Deborah L. Feltz. "The Influence of Sport Appropriateness and Image on the Status of Female Athletes." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 4, no. 1 (April 1995): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.4.1.1.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stereotyped visual images (pictures) on the friendship status ranking of females in “gender-appropriate” and “gender-inappropriate” sports. The study employed a 2×2×3 (sex × sport × image) ANOVA between subjects design, with tennis and basketball being the “appropriate” and “inappropriate” sports chosen respectively. The visual image was manipulated by having a picture of a stereotypical feminine female versus a stereotypical androgynous female. The control group did not have a visual image. We hypothesized that image would interact with sport appropriateness such that the feminine image would enhance the friendship status of the hypothetical basketball player; whereas the androgynous image would lower the hypothetical tennis player’s status. A “sex-byimage” interaction as well as a “sex-by-sport” trend supported the hypothesis for males; males used the perceived femininity/androgyny stereotype to influence their decision about friendship status.Over the last two decades, women’s active involvement in sport has increased. For example, since the 1972 passage of Title IX, participation has increased by over 600% for girls in interscholastic school programs (Boutilier & SanGiovanni, 1983). Despite an increase in the sport opportunities available to women, stereotypes about what is socially appropriate influence how females in sport are perceived. Gender-role stereotypes have been identified as some of the influencing factors in the perception of appropriate sports for males and females (Metheny, 1965) and in one’s social status (Coleman, 1961). Avariable which may enhance the perception of appropriate sports for males and females is the addition of a visual image. Duncan & Sayaovong (1990) have suggested that visual images have the ability to reinforce or contradict gender-role stereotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine how visual images may affect the perceived status of female high school athletes in “gender-appropriate” and “gender-inappropriate” sports.

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Giletta, Matteo, Paul D. Hastings, Karen D. Rudolph, Daniel J. Bauer, Matthew K. Nock, and Mitchell J. Prinstein. "Suicide ideation among high-risk adolescent females: Examining the interplay between parasympathetic regulation and friendship support." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 1161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416001218.

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AbstractPoor physiological self-regulation has been proposed as a potential biological vulnerability for adolescent suicidality. This study tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of parasympathetic stress responses on future suicide ideation. In addition, drawing from multilevel developmental psychopathology theories, the interplay between parasympathetic regulation and friendship support, conceptualized as an external source of regulation, was examined. At baseline, 132 adolescent females (M age = 14.59, SD = 1.39) with a history of mental health concerns participated in an in vivo interpersonal stressor (a laboratory speech task) and completed self-report measures of depressive symptoms and perceived support within a close same-age female friendship. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured before and during the speech task. Suicide ideation was assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 9 months follow-up. The results revealed that females with greater relative RSA decreases to the laboratory stressor were at higher risk for reporting suicide ideation over the subsequent 9 months. Moreover, parasympathetic responses moderated the effect of friendship support on suicide ideation; among females with mild changes or higher relative increases in RSA, but not more pronounced RSA decreases, friendship support reduced risk for future suicide ideation. Findings highlight the crucial role of physiological and external regulation sources as protective factors for youth suicidality.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Female friendship'

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