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Gregg, Gretchen Esely. ""This Beautiful Evil": The Connection between Women, the Natural World, Female Sexuality, and Evil in Western Tradition." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2718/.
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Female archetypes reflect a social construction of reality, expressing expected modes of behavior, beliefs, and assumptions about women and are reinforced by repetition of common patterns and themes. Often female archetypes take on the physical characteristics of animals, commune with nature, engage in sexual promiscuity, and possess special powers to bewitch and control men into doing their bidding. Four prevalent archetypes include: the Predatory Woman, who with her bestial nature becomes the hunter of men; the Sacrificial Woman, who dutifully negates herself for the sake of men; the Bad Mother, who is cold, unnatural, and challenges men; and les enfants terrible seductive girl-women who at once tempt and torment men. This research traces the development and evolution of female archetypes and explores how images of women, nature, sexuality, and evil are structured within a cultural framework of Western tradition: myths and folktales, religious, philosophical, and scientific works, and film.
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Woytkiw, Lee. "Redefining female sexuality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23552.pdf.
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Jones, Caroline E. Tarr C. Anita. "Female sexuality in young adult literature." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1225117161&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1177689304&clientId=43838.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2006.Title from title page screen, viewed on April 27, 2007. Dissertation Committee: C. Anita Tarr (chair), Roberta Seelinger Trites, Jan Christopher Susina. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-208) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Clough, Miryam. "Shame : the church and female sexuality." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.681741.
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This thesis explores a hypothesis that shame has historically been, and continues to be, used by the patriarchal Christian Church as a mechanism to control and regulate female sexuality and to displace men's ambivalence about sex. Using historical examples of shame appraised in the light of contemporary feminist theological and theoretical scholarship and supported by insights from sociology, psychology, neuroscience and psychoanalysis, the thesis seeks to understand why the Church as an institution has colluded with the shaming of individuals and why women are overtly shamed on account of, and indeed take the blame for sex. An enquiry into men's sexual ambivalence suggests that the violence that too often accompanies it in masculinist systems is generated by unacknowledged shame and existential anxiety. Shame strikes at the heart of human individuals rupturing relationships, extinguishing joy and enthusiasm for life and, at times, provoking conflict and violence. The thesis examines whether the avoidance of shame is functional in men's efforts to adhere to patriarchal gender norms and religious ideals (is shame avoidance experienced as crucial to men's survival as the dominant gender), and whether women 'carry the can' for this. A study of Ireland's Magdalen laundries is used as a means of elucidating and illustrating the role of shame more specifically in the Irish Catholic Church, and as such the thesis primarily engages with a period that began with the founding of the asylums (as they were then known) in the late 1700s, saw the closure of the last Magdalen laundry in Dublin in 1996, and is presently witnessing calls to redress this shaming and shameful treatment of women. This case study is chosen for the light it sheds on the broader context of the Christian churches as they engage (or not) with current feminist and gender concerns.
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Lesch, Elmien. "Female adolescent sexuality in a coloured community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15492.
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Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.218 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i-xvii and numbered pages 1-200. Includes bibliography and list of tables.
Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Little is known about women's sexuality and even less about female adolescent sexuality. Sex researchers have neglected women, young women and specifically young women of colour and of lower socio-economic status. These gaps in sex research have to be addressed for at least two important reasons. In the first place an understanding of female adolescent sexuality will enhance our understanding of female development in general. More specifically, the prevalence of reproductive health problems like sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and unplanned pregnancies among female adolescents warrant urgent attention. This study attempted to address the need for data on female sexuality by focusing on coloured female adolescents in the Stellenbosch district. This target group has been chosen because of the extent of adolescent reproductive health problems, specifically the prevalence of teenage pregnancy, in the low-income coloured community. The objective of the study was to gain an understanding of adolescent female sexuality in a specific community. This goal was reached by collecting quantitative and qualitative data about sexuality from a group of high school learners from a historically coloured community in the Stellenbosch district. Structured questionnaires were used to elicit the quantitative data. The quantitative data were analysed to determine the following (i) the range of sexual behaviours, and (ii) the prevalence of high-risk behaviours that the respondents engaged in. The quantitative results indicate that the research respondents did not represent a sexually high-risk community. Sexual intercourse was limited to a relatively small number of respondents. The sexual behaviour of these respondents, in general, did not differ meaningfully from the sexual behaviour reported in other adolescent communities. Open-ended interviews were used to generate the qualitative data. Twenty-five sexually active girls were interviewed. The grounded theory method was used to analyse the qualitative data and to explore the respondents' constructions of sexuality. Lack of sexual agency and need for connection were identified as the core categories in the interview data. The interview data indicated that the respondents had limited sexual agency and the researcher argued that mothers and boyfriends, as agents of the community, were prominent contributors to sexual disempowerment. The use of the term "coloured" is controversial. It is viewed by some as derogatory, whilst others argue the importance of a 'coloured' identity. Here and throughout the term "coloured" will be used descriptively. The researcher concluded that a new discourse of sexual agency for young women must be developed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar bestaan min data oor vroulike seksualiteit en selfs nog minder oor vroulike adolessente seksualiteit. In die verlede het seksnavorsers vroue, jong vroue en spesifiek gekleurde en lae sosio-ekonomiese vroue verwaarloos. Hierdie tekortkominge in seksnavorsing behoort om ten minste twee belangrike redes aangespreek te word. Eerstens sal 'n begrip van vroulike adolessente seksualiteit ons begrip van vroulike ontwikkeling in die algemeen bevorder. 'n Meer spesifieke rede is dat die die vookoms van reproduktiewe gesondheidsprobleme soos seksueel-oordraagbare siektes en onbeplande swangerskappe onder vroulike adolessente, dringende aandag vereis. Hierdie studie het gepoog om die behoefte aan data oor seksuele gedrag in verskillende Suid-Afrikaanse gemeenskappe aan te spreek deur te fokus op "kleurling" vroulike adolessente in die Stellenbosch-distrik. Hierdie groep is geselekteer vanwee die omvang van adolessente reproduktiewe gesondheidsprobleme, veral die voorkoms van tienerswangerskappe, in die "kleurling" gemeenskap. Die doel van die studie was om 'n begrip te kry van adolessente vroulike seksualiteit in 'n spesifieke gemeenskap. Kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe data is versamel oor die seksualiteit van 'n groep hoerskoolleerders wat woonagtig was in 'n histories "kleurling" gemeenskap in die Stellenbosch-distrik. 'n Gestruktureerde vraelys is gebruik om die kwantitatiewe data in te win. Die kwantitatiewe data is geanaliseer om (i) die reeks van seksuele gedrag wat by die respondente voorkom en (ii) die voorkoms van hoe risiko seksuele gedrag onder die respondente te bepaal. Die kwantitatiewe resultate het aangedui dat die navorsingsrespondente nie 'n hoe risiko groep verteenwoordig nie. Seksuele gemeenskap was beperk tot 'n relatiewe klein hoeveelheid respondente. In die algemeen, het die seksuele gedrag van die respondente nie betekenisvol verskil van die seksuele gedrag wat gerapporteer is vir ander adolessente populasies nie. Oop-einde onderhoude is gebruik om die kwalitatiewe data te genereer. Onderhoude is gevoer met vyf en twintig seksueel aktiewe meisies. Die "grounded theory" metode is gebruik om die kwalitatiewe data te analiseer en die respondente se konstruksies van seksualiteit te eksploreer. Gebrek aan seksuele agentskap en behoefte aan konneksie is geidentifiseer as die kernkategoriee in die onderhoudsdata. Die onderhoudsdata het aangedui dat die respondente oor beperkte seksuele agentskap beskik. Die navorser het aangevoer dat moeders en mansvriende, as agente van die gemeenskap, 'n prominente bydrae tot gebrek aan seksuele bemagtiging maak. Die navorser het tot die konklusie gekom dat 'n nuwe diskoers van seksuele agentskap vir jong vroue ontwikkel behoort te word.
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Botha, Ilza. "Female sexuality and body image during pregnancy." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14741.
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Bibliography: leaves 406-467.This explorative study, partially based on the psychological and developmental perspectives, evaluated female sexuality and body image during pregnancy and the postnatal period. A cross-sectional and longitudinal research design was used. Several female (n = 208) and male ( n = 84) subsamples were evaluated. Assessment included a Biographical Questionnaire, Female and Male Sexuality Scales rated on 3- and 5- point scales, and the Rorschach Inkblot Test, scored for Barrier and Penetration responses. Parametric and non-parametric statistical techniques were employed in the cross-sectional data analysis. The biographical background of the subjects was homogeneous. Predominantly all of the women were educated, had planned their pregnancies, attended prenatal classes and were informed about the process of pregnancy. Chi-square tests on the single items measuring female sexuality, from prior to conception to during pregnancy, and after childbirth, showed a significant decline in females' sexual satisfaction and in the intensity with which they experienced orgasms. Excluding the retrospective data, a significant decline was found on female sexual desire and enjoyment during pregnancy and during the postnatal period. Physiologically related reasons were commonly associated with declined sexual desire. Few pregnant or postnatal women abstained from sexual intercourse or introduced coital methods and positions unfamiliar to them. A factor analysis of the single sexuality variables revealed four factors, Sexual Responsivity, Sexual Orgasmic Ability, Multiple Orgasmic Ability and Sexual Motivation. The data subjected to a multivariate analysis of variance yielded a significant linear downward trend of Female Sexual Responsivity over the gestation period and after childbirth. The conclusion is drawn that female sexuality I specifically referring to the psychological dimension (Factor 1) was not related to a specific trimester (or stage). No significant differences were evident on the physiological dimension of female sexuality referring to Orgasmic Ability or Sexual Motivation. Female body image was assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The descriptive analysis showed that pregnant women felt overweight, and unacceptable by social standards, yet they viewed these bodily states as temporary. The projective account of body image yielded no significant differences. The conclusion was drawn that women consciously rejected their pregnant body image, but subconsciously it formed part of their identity. Expectant fathers only experienced a significant decline in sexual satisfaction and initiated less sexual activity during their wives' pregnancy. It was concluded that male sexuality was minimally affected by their partner's pregnancy. Finally, pregnancy was found to be a natural and positive event.
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Mongelard, Michaela. "Traces of a palimpsest : sexuality, evil and death in the fiction of Loys Masson." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363796.
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Luschen, Kristen V. "Empowering prevention? adolescent female sexuality, advocacy and schooling /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Marshall, Annecka Leolyn. "Orgasmic slavery? : a study of black female sexuality." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/71199/.
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What is 'orgasmic slavery". This study interrogates the meaning of the term by analysing the racialised sexual exploitation of Black women. I examine the historical changes, differences, under-currents and complexities of the social construction of Black sexuality from the inferior position of African female slaves to the conditions of Black women in contemporary Britain. Refuting the premise that Black women are primarily sexual beings, this thesis examines the origins and consequences of this assumption. Through a literature review, the dominant British portrayal of both Black women and Black men in terms of pathological and rampant sexualities is evident. My work assesses how the British and American film industries contribute to such misconceptions. Utilising the research method of participant observation, the perceptions of men and women from different racial backgrounds about images of Black sexuality are addressed. A questionnaire survey queried opinions about the sexual proclivity and relationships of Blacks, whites, 'mixed race' and gays. Building upon this data, a pilot study that was based on images of Black sexuality and their influence upon identity and experiences, provided more information. Central to this debate were semi-structured interviews on the issues of images, identity and relationships as perceived to be related to Black female sexuality.
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McFadden, Majella. "Female sexuality in the second decade of AIDS." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282254.
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Stent, Sabina Daniela. "Women Surrealists : sexuality, fetish, femininity and female Surrealism." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3718/.
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The objective of this thesis is to challenge the patriarchal traditions of Surrealism by examining the topic from the perspective of its women practitioners. Unlike past research, which often focuses on the biographical details of women artists, this thesis provides a case study of a select group of women Surrealists – chosen for the variety of their artistic practice and creativity – based on the close textual analysis of selected works. Specifically, this study will deal with names that are familiar (Lee Miller, Meret Oppenheim, Frida Kahlo), marginal (Elsa Schiaparelli) or simply ignored or dismissed within existing critical analyses (Alice Rahon). The focus of individual chapters will range from photography and sculpture to fashion, alchemy and folklore. By exploring subjects neglected in much orthodox male Surrealist practice, it will become evident that the women artists discussed here created their own form of Surrealism, one that was respectful and loyal to the movement’s founding principles even while it playfully and provocatively transformed them.
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O'Hara, Sean. "Female sexuality and male violence in wild chimpanzees." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613829.
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McLoughlin, Linda. "The social construction of female sexuality in teenage magazines." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417192.
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Le, Brun Fiona Jane. "Representations of female sexuality within the contemporary American novel." Thesis, Keele University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242290.
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Evans, Madisen Jade. "An All-Female Hamlet." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/510.
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Bowley, Jane M. "An exploration of female students' experiences in sexuality education programs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30672.pdf.
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Lokis, Julie Marie. "Deadly Desires: Widowhood and Perverse Female Sexuality in Rachildes Fiction." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499293.
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Tso, Wing-bo, and 曹穎寶. "Female sexuality in Grimm's fairy tales and their English translations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26736160.
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Johnson, Tova Joanna. "Performances of Black Female Sexuality in a Hip Hop Magazine." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626546.
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Alexander, Robyn Gaye. "Body/sexuality/control : female identity in four Fay Weldon novels." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20451.
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Bibliography: pages 154-163.This thesis explores the manner in which female identity is depicted and the concept itself deployed in four novels by Fay Weldon (1931- ), a contemporary English writer. The novels examined are Puffball (1980), The President's Child (1982), The Cloning of Joanna May (1989) and Growing Rich (1992). The thesis's· theoretical focus is feminist, and it makes use of terms, arguments and insights provided by contemporary feminist literary and cultural theory. It thus in part also explores the usefulness of insights provided by recent feminist poststructuralist theory, with particular reference to psychoanalytic theory. On the whole, these insights are found to be useful, even though they do not entirely answer some of the questions generated by the possibilities which are shown to exist for female subjects within western culture. The thesis's conclusion suggests ways in which this lack of definitive answers might in its turn be interpreted. The first chapter, dealing with Puffball, examines the novel's depiction of the effects of pregnancy on a woman's body and in turn on her sense of her own identity. This is followed by a chapter on The Cloning of Joanna May, which also takes female experience of the maternal as its central focus. This chapter shows how Weldon investigates current meanings of birth, children, identity and the natural via a plot concerned with the uses and abuses of contemporary reproductive technologies. A short chapter on Weldon's prose style, which is seen to manipulate aspects of form in order to generate particular effects, follows. In it, the current reception of Weldon's work and her use of humour in her writing is commented upon. This chapter also anticipates the question of the use of narrative voice, which is crucial to the novels dealt with in the final two chapters. In the first of these, which explores Growing Rich, the manner in which masculine power is shown to impact on the bodies of the two central female characters is central. Like the final chapter on The President's Child, this chapter also deals with the narrator's use of narrative as vehicle for both the stories of the female characters which she relates and for her own story. The final chapter focuses on the increasingly open conflict which Weldon depicts between male and female power, and also explores how the public/private division central to western culture is disrupted in this novel. Throughout the thesis, an attempt is made to show how female identity is at present constructed for and by western women: via their own and others' representations of their bodies and their sexuality, and as a concept over which they have varying degrees of control. It concludes that the often contradictory fictional representations of female subjectivity in the four novels under discussion suggest the constraints and difficulties involved in attempts to create new visions of female bodies, sexualities and identities. However, these depictions of such experiences are in addition shown to suggest the possibility of new and different representations.
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Cataldo, Claudia Kingston. "Beyond cute and evil how dwarfs reconfigure boundaries of sexuality, identity, and ability in Germanic literature and film /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1925787811&sid=38&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Lecker, Michael. "Treacherous, Deviant, and Submissive: Female Sexuality Represented in the Character Catwoman." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1174668318.
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Cantrell, Samantha E. "Housing sexuality: domestic space and the development of female sexuality in the fiction of Angela Carter and Jeanette Winterson." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2226.
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A repeated theme in the fiction of Angela Carter and Jeanette Winterson is the use of domestic space as a tool for defining socially acceptable versions of female sexuality. Four novels that crystallize this theme are the focus of this
dissertation: Winterson??s Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit (1985) and Art and Lies (1994) and Carter??s The Magic Toyshop (1967) and Nights at the Circus (1984). Each chapter examines both authors?? treatments of a specific room in the
house. Chapter II, "Parlor Games: Spatial Literacy in Formal Rooms," discusses how rooms used for formal occasions project a desirable public image of a family. More insidiously, however, the rooms protect the sexual order of the household, which often privileges male sexuality. Using the term spatial literacy to describe how characters interpret rooms, the chapter argues that characters with a high spatial literacy can detect not only the overt messages of these
formal rooms, but also what underlies those messages. Chapter III, "Making Meals, Breaking Deals: Mothers, Daughters, and Kitchens," discusses the kitchen as the site of the production of domestic comfort. An analysis of who
has primary responsibility for the production of comfort and whose comfort is privileged often reveals the power hierarchy of a given household. The chapter also examines the kitchen as a volatile space that can erupt with violence and the expression of repressed emotions and repressed sexuality. Finally, the kitchen is analyzed as a space of intimacy between mothers and daughters. Chapter IV, "Bedtime Stories: Assaulting Sexuality in the Bedroom," argues that the privacy of the adolescent bedroom is often disrupted by the surveillance of family members trying to control the sexual identity of the room??s occupant. The chapter also examines how social prescriptions encourage women to tolerate the interruption of their privacy. Each of the protagonists from these four novels has
opportunities to learn about subverting the discursive constructions of domestic space, and several characters enact that subversion. This ability for subversion suggests the possibility for agency, a possibility that postmodernist thought often rejects, but one that Carter and Winterson allow.
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Villanueva, MarÃa Isabel Martinó. "The Social Construction of Sexuality: Personal Meanings, Perceptions of Sexual Experience,and Females' Sexuality in Puerto Rico." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30294.
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A qualitative study on a sample of 12 Puerto Rican women was conducted in
Puerto Rico. The purpose of this study was to explore the various ways in which
sexual meanings are created, changed, and modified as the nature of social
discourse and personal experience changes. The two theoretical frameworks that
guided the methodology and analysis of the data were social constructionism and
feminism. I assumed that sexuality is socially constructed, shaped by social,
political, and economic influences, and modified throughout life. Feminist
theories assisted in documenting the ways in which females' sexuality in Puerto
Rico is shaped by culture and by institutions that disadvantage females and other
oppressed groups by silencing their voices. The theories guided the discussion of
the contradicting messages about women's sexualities and their experiences, as
these women fought, conformed to, and even colluded with their oppression.
Analysis of the participants' written and oral narratives produced the overarching
theme of sexual meanings/scripts, along with three interrelated sub-themes:
sources and nature of sexual scripts, determining experiences, and social
discourses of female sexuality. Participants reported three institutional sources of
sexual messages: family, religion-culture, and institutions of education. Their
determining experiences follow a common thread that weaves a common story
line: the life-long struggle with the incongruencies between the social
constructions of female sexuality and the realities of these women's sexual
experiences. Sexuality is defined as being challenged and modified through the
participants' lives. Four social discourses of female sexuality emerged from the
analysis of the data: source of guilt and shame, vulnerability and sexual
victimization, ambivalence, and empowerment. A theory of ambivalence was
developed from the data as a means to understand the participants' process of
developing the paradigms for their own sexuality.Ph. D.
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Comaroto, Maryanne. "Re-visioning the Feminine| Unveiling the Cultural Shadow of Female Sexual Objectification." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10812410.
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Concerned with the unconscious, embodied experience of heterosexual women affected by female sexual objectification (FSO), this research takes a depth psychological, somatic approach to addressing the Western cultural split between mind and body. This study explores the archetypal, thematic material constellating in the dynamics of FSO, its traumatogenic effects, and women’s internalization of FSO as a psychosocial survival strategy. It asks the question: How can FSO be ameliorated, bringing the rejected body and sacred feminine sexuality out of the shadow and back into consciousness? Using a co-operative inquiry methodology six women explored the inquiry questions using Open Floor movement to access the somatic unconscious followed by journaling, group dialogue, and art production. Findings validated women’s ways of knowing; revealed ways that FSO shapes women’s relationship with their bodies, sexuality, and subjectivity; substantiated FSO as a cultural complex; advanced the critique surrounding the normalization and personal burden associated with FSO as a cultural trauma; and illuminated the archetypal plurality of psyche, evidenced in women’s embodied experience with the transpersonal feminine, the self, others, and world. Findings also illustrated the strength, efficacy, and importance of using a body-oriented approach to inquiry and discovered archetypal energies of the feminine that emerged from the unconscious in and through the women’s bodies, bringing forward previously split-off potential for self-efficacy and agency.
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McKenzie, Naja Elisabeth Kent. "Becoming a sexual woman: A grounded theory of female adolescent sexuality management." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290078.
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Multidisciplinary adolescent sexuality research deals mostly with risk- and demographic factors and intervention programs. The social-developmental process through which female adolescents manage relationships to become sexual women has not been defined. This research sought to bring to light the ways in which female adolescents discover, develop, and use management skills to navigate the socio-sexual environment of adolescence. A synthesis of symbolic interactionist and life span developmental frameworks informed the research. Semi-structured interviews yielded data which were analyzed using the constant comparative method. A grounded theory pertaining to female adolescent sexuality management emerged with Relationship Management as its core category. The causal conditions to Relationship Management were named Coming of Age and included Entering Puberty, Noticing Boys and Feeling Ready for a Relationship. The action/interaction strategies were named Dealing With Boys and included Public Presentation of Self, Profiling, Trying to Communicate, and Controlling the Relationship. The consequences of action/interaction strategies were named What Might Happen and consisted of Relationship Outcomes, Physical Outcomes, Effects on Reputation and Effects on the Life Course. The context for the action/interaction activities was named The Kind of Girl I Am and consisted of What I Know About Myself and What I Believe About Others. Intervening conditions were called My World and included Peer Group Influence, Family influence and School Influence. The findings suggest the need to view female adolescents as active managers of their emerging sexuality.
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Fretz, Amelia. "The relationship between anorexic-like symptoms and sexuality among female college students." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1045635.
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Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that occurs almost exclusively in women, with its prominent features being caloric restriction, excessive exercise, and emaciation. Research has found that women with anorexia nervosa generally have less sexual experience and more negative sexual attitudes when compared to "normal" women. There has been little research, however, on the potential relationship between sexuality and anorexic-like symptoms among women who do not meet diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder. Therefore, this study employed a population of college women to investigate the hypothesis that anorexic-like symptoms would be related to less sexual experience and more negative sexual attitudes. The correlations that were obtained did not support the hypotheses. Results are discussed with regard to directions for future research.Department of Psychological Science
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Kosta-Mikel, Kendal S. "Presentations of sexuality, romance and the opposite sex in female-oriented magazines." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1503985.
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This study is a content analysis of female-oriented magazines aimed at
three different age groups: women, teen, and preteen. Magazine content from Girls’ Life,
J-14, Seventeen, Cosmo Girl!, Cosmopolitan, and Glamour was examined for themes of
sexuality, romance, and the opposite sex. The evidence suggests that topics are presented
to women in a progressive manner in which preteen girls are first learning about the
opposite sex, teens are learning how to behave in order to attract the opposite sex, and
women are being told how to please the opposite sex erotically. While the idea is never
overtly stated, it appears that women are still sexual objects for men’s pleasuring.
However, they are also in charge of “taming” the man and making him knowledgeable on
topics of sexuality and romance.Department of Sociology
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King, Brendan. "Iconic representations of female sexuality in the work of J.-K. Huysmans." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416380.
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Urraro, Laurie Lynne. "EROTICIZING THE MARGINS: SEX AND SEXUALITY IN CONTEMPORARY FEMALE-AUTHORED SPANISH DRAMA." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1300405282.
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Russell, Shannon. "Dangerous Young Men: Themes of Female Sexuality and Masculinity in Paranormal Romance Novels for Young Adults." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31631.
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Patterns of masculine and feminine portrayals can be found everywhere, yet one place sociologists tend not to look is in novels. Young adult novels have generated 27 million dollars in e-books alone in 2011, with paranormal romances and dystopian genres making up the majority of the sales (Scott, 2013). Understanding these novels is sociologically important because they are reaching wider audiences with their adaptation into Hollywood blockbusters. While the novels demonstrate stronger characteristics given to women, the messages about the ideal male in the novel often reflects one who is putting the female in danger. A content analysis of ten popular paranormal young adult novels demonstrates patterns of the construction of gender. Drawing on Radway’s (1984) analysis of romance novels and Connell’s, (2005) and hook’s (2004) theories of masculinities, this paper explores the messages in paranormal fiction geared to a mainly young adult female reading audience. My preliminary findings demonstrate thus far that these books reflect unhealthy ideas about relationships, violence, the body, and sexuality. The novels portray masculine bodies as hard, dangerous, and seductive. They also share a storyline consisting of the fear of getting killed by someone they are in love with.
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Brennan, Deirdre Ailbhe. "The role of physical activity in the development of female agency and empowerment." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314030.
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Blackmon, Carlotta M. "Routed Sisterhood: Black American Female Identity and the Black Female Community." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1238090994.
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Dutot, Carolyn L. "Femininity, sexuality and sport, a case study of female inter-university varsity athletes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ52541.pdf.
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Steffensen, Jyanni. "Textual (Re)construction : sexual difference, desire and sexuality in contemporary female experimental writing /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09arms817.pdf.
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Bryceland, Linda. "Incontinence after childbirth and the effect on female sexuality and quality of life." Thesis, University of Chester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/69513.
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Objectives To determine obstetric, maternal and fetal variables that increase the risk of postnatal urinary and anal incontinence. To establish how anal and urinary incontinence impact on Quality of Life (QoL) with particular reference to sexual psychology. Finally, to ascertain the extent of disclosure of incontinence problems to partners and health professionals. Design A longitudinal, prospective, repeated measures, cohort study using five data sources. Data was collected in the last trimester of pregnancy, at 6 weeks postnatal, 6 months postnatal and finally at one year postnatal. Setting Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. Participants Primiparous women with no pre-existing disease (N=516). Participants were recruited after a normal 20 week obstetric ultrasound scan. Results Stress incontinence was reported by 39.7% antenatally, 28.2% at 6 weeks postnatal, 31% at 6 months and 26.5% at one year postnatal. Urge incontinence was reported by 23.5% antenatally, 21.2% at 6 weeks, 21.4% at 6 months and 16.4% at one year postnatal. Anal incontinence at one year postnatal was reported by 9.39%. Those participants under the age of 20yrs had higher rates of postnatal urge incontinence (p<.001) possibly associated with increased rates of infection in this group. BMI>30 was associated with higher rates of antenatal stress incontinence but was not significant in the postnatal period. BMI<20 was associated with an increase in postnatal urge incontinence. Prolonged periods of time in labour without bladder emptying was associated with increased rates of both urinary incontinence (OR 2.36) and anal incontinence (p=.026). Forceps delivery was associated with postnatal stress incontinence (OR 2.41). Although caesarean section appeared protective against urinary incontinence initially, long-term data show a progressive increase in reported rates of urinary incontinence even after elective caesarean section. Elective caesarean section was protective for anal incontinence. Faecal incontinence was significantly higher (OR 3.26) in the group who had their labour induced (12.1%) compared to those who had a spontaneous labour (4.6%). Perineal trauma was not associated with anal incontinence. However, it was associated with urinary incontinence throughout the postnatal year with anal sphincter disruption having the highest rates of stress incontinence (p<.005). Birth weight, duration of labour, feeding method, epidural anaesthesia and smoking were not significant. Overall, urinary incontinence appears to be a regressive condition, although the impact on QoL is cumulative and seems to increase over time. Some participants had a progressive, deteriorating condition which appears to be associated with a higher BMI or >6 hours from bladder emptying to delivery of the baby. Urinary and anal incontinence had a detrimental effect on all QoL domains. Those reporting nocturnal enuresis, pain, intercourse incontinence and urge incontinence were effected the most. The greatest impact is on the emotion domain. Only 8.7% with urinary incontinence and 9.7% with anal incontinence discussed their symptoms with a health professional. Discussion with a partner was 32.8% and 21.4% respectively. The most common reasons for non-disclosure were embarrassment, fear of not being taken seriously and not wanting to waste the time of the health professional. Those participants who did disclose tended to have multiple symptoms. Pregnancy and childbirth appear to have a detrimental impact on sexual psychology, irrespective of continence status. Those who reported incontinence appear to have less sexual depression than the continent group suggesting the adoption of defense mechanisms to preserve the sexual Self. Conclusion Generally, urinary incontinence is a regressive condition. Risk factors for a progressive condition have been identified. Younger pregnant women appear to be more prone to infection which can sensitise the bladder and result in long term urinary incontinence. Prolonged periods of time in labour without voiding increases the risk of urinary and anal incontinence and is associated with a deterioration of symptoms over time. Whilst for all other modes of delivery the rate of UI decreased over time, in the elective CS group, the rate of UI increased steadily throughout the postnatal year. These findings support previous studies and suggest a degree of under-recognition or under-reporting of anal sphincter trauma leading to dysfunction. The impact of incontinence on quality of life domains shows clear evidence that the condition has a detrimental impact on many aspects of an individuals well being. Those women reporting intercourse incontinence had the greatest impact on QoL domains. Few women seek help for their condition and a number of personal and organisational factors have been highlighted which contribute to keeping incontinence both secret and taboo. It is clear that what incontinent women think is affecting the way they feel and ultimately their behaviour. Psychological defence mechanisms are employed to justify their inaction.
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Ng, Yor-ling Carly, and 吳若寧. "Representing Chineseness: the problem of ethnicity and sexuality in Chinese American female literature." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47753158.
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The potential confrontation of Oriental and Occidental values represents
one of the most important topics of scholarship since the twentieth century.
Within this debate, American-born Chinese female writers occupy a unique
position in their preoccupation with the two seemingly irreconcilable cultures.
On the one hand, their Western upbringings entices the distortion of China from
an Orientalistic perspective, on the other hand, they find their desire to come to
terms with their ethnic cultural heritage to be equally difficult to supplant. It is a
dilemma which sparked conflicts even within the Chinese American community,
and begs the redefinition of the Chinese American female identity.
It is thus, by applying Simone de Beauvoir’s ethical notions about
Self/Other relations to the writings of Chinese American female writers, I
consider how subjectivity is not substantive but a situated experience of selfhood
in movement, and argue that Chinese American female writers may still be
internalizing and perpetuating oriental stereotypes in their works, when they too
have started re-orienting and hence, re-orientalising China and their Chinese
identity. The United States of America is to Chinese American women as
alienated at times as China. Under the framework, I further consider the futility
of disputing the dual identity of Chinese American female writers to the extent
to which identity can be considered as an ambivalent and ambiguous notion that
has a temporal element in it.
As a writer writes first and foremost about his or her own singular
experiences in relation to the world, this thesis tackles the above question by
examining how elements of anguish, solitude, and death, as noted by Beauvoir,
and that are often present in Chinese American female writers’ accounts of their
singular experiences, connect them to others. Through the evocation of such
elements to establish the connection between Self and Other, which constitutes
the authenticity of self-expression as opposed to suppression of self-assertion,
one’s struggle with separation and one’s own truth is represented. In this sense, it
is not, the ultimate result or triumph of an individual’s struggle with unity or
individuality that matters; but rather, the process of self-struggle that
corresponds to the dignified human existence within Beauvoir’s philosophical
framework.
The three elements of situation anguish, death and solitude are dealt with in
this project in the following context: in Chapter Two, Ann Mah’s anguish over
Chinese and American food is examined in connotation to the relations of herself
with others around her that coerces her to reflect upon her ethnic and cultural
affiliations. In Chapter Three, death is explored through the discussion of the
footbinding notion in which the death of the foot signifies the end of docile
acceptance as well as the beginning of transformations. Solitude is elucidated in
Chapter Four through Maxine Hong Kingston’s warrior woman
conceptualization that adopts and later re-orientalises silence. In all three
situations, I pay attention to the way re-orientalisation is achieved in the Chinese
American female project of selfhood in movement towards the Other.published_or_final_version
Chinese
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Bogren, Alexandra. "Female licentiousness versus male escape? essays on intoxicating substance use, sexuality and gender /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Stockholm University, 2006. http://www.diva-portal.org/diva/getDocument?urn_nbn_se_su_diva-963-2__fulltext.pdf.
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MARQUES, LICIA CARVALHO. "NEW PSYCHOANALYTIC FORMULATIONS ABOUT FEMALE SEXUALITY IN THE DECLINE OF THE PHALLIC LOGIC." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4829@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOREste trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as repercussões do declínio da lógica fálico-edípica sobre a produção psicanalítica a respeito da sexualidade feminina. Para tanto, traça o perfil do lugar do pai na modernidade e a fragilização deste lugar na contemporaneidade. A seguir mostra os reflexos desse estado de coisas na teorização psicanalítica atual sobre a mulher através da apresentação e discussão dos conceitos de objeto a, por um lado, e feminilidade, por outro, representativos de duas teorias psicanalíticas contemporâneas que estudam a questão da mulher.
This dissertation has the purpose of analyzing the consequences of the decline of the phallic logic on the psychoanalytic theory about female sexuality. In order to do so, it discusses the role of the father in modernity and its weakening in contemporary society. Next it shows the effects of this state of affairs on current psychoanalytic ideas about women by introducing and discussing the concepts of object a, on one hand, and femininity, on the other hand which represent two different contemporary psychoanalytic theories that study female sexuality.
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Flower, Jane, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, College of Social and Health Sciences, and School of Applied Social and Human Sciences. "Divining woman : the waterpourer's lineage." THESIS_CSHS_ASH_Flower_J.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/618.
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This thesis engages with the feminist argument that women need to create a culture of the female and rediscover female genealogy. The misogynistic, theological and philosophical narratives on Woman are deconstructed. Using the metaphor of divining as a tool for searching for a source the author seeks to discover the source of Woman, one not bound by male definition and control. In removing the stigma of Woman as 'misbegotten male' and cause of 'original sin' Woman's sexuality and spirituality are recognised. Female sex is acknowledged and the difference reframed so that male sex no longer holds the dominant position. Woman becomes Divine, and it is a divinity that signifies her earthly interactions in her spiritual, social and personal life. After the divining a female genealogy is created and the divine is drawn out in woman. The writing and analyses of Virginia Woolf and Luce Irigaray are drawn on to establish the basis of the research methodology. Creativity, myths, story, poetry, fiction and feminist analysis are used to find the woman hidden in traditional patriarchal rendering of history. This thesis is both a historical and autobiographical research taken within the context of the author's cultural influences. It is a transdisciplinary research within a set framework, concentrating on women's sexual and spiritual specificity. Greek and Celtic history, Wicca, Christianity and Buddhism are included, with an inclusive but not in-depth analysis of these traditions. The underlying theme of this thesis is women's disconnection from each other. In the author's personal story it concerns her mother, sister and herself. In the collective story it is about women's loss of their female genealogy and connection to their women's history.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Liporagi, Roberta da Fonseca. "Transgressive elements in The Monk: social taboos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2823.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorA presente dissertação tem como objetivo mostrar como a literatura gótica pode ser atemporal, subvertendo as mentes e conceitos de seus leitores. Partindo do contexto histórico e cultural em que The Monk se inseriu, esse trabalho visa levantar as questões e elementos tão fortemente reprimidos em nossa sociedade desde o final do século XVIII, como as idéias de mal, abjeção e expressão do eu, em um diálogo permanente com a teoria de Michel Foucault, David Punter, Julia Kristeva, entre outros. Desta forma, a análise do romance se dá paralelamente a uma crítica social, visto que a obra gótica tem por um de seus fins denunciar e deslocar a realidade social. Em última instância, será feita a análise algumas personagens do romance e sua respectiva importância na obra
The objective of the present dissertation is to show how gothic literature can be atemporal, subverting the minds and concepts of the readers. Starting from the historical and cultural context The Monk is inserted, this piece of work attempts to raise the issues and elements so strongly repressed in our society since the end of the 18th century, such as the concepts of evil, abjection and expression of the self, in a continuous dialogue with the theory of Michel Foucault, David Punter, Julia Kristeva, among others. This way, the romance is analysed concomitantly with social criticism, considering that gothic literature aims at denouncing and displacing the social reality. Finally, some characters and their respective relevance in the novel will be analysed
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McCann, Brandy R. "Reading Alfred C. Kinsey: Sexuality and Discourse in Mid-Century America." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32179.
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This project concerns various 20th-century rhetorical strategies for sexual liberation. First, I examine the work of Alfred C. Kinsey through the theories of Louis Althusser and Michel Foucault. In the second chapter I look at Kinseyâ s Female volume and argue that he uses the mid-century concern for marriage as a strategy for sexual liberation. Next, I trace the ways in which four female, post-Kinsey writers use Kinsey (explicitly or implicitly) for their own particular strategies for sexual liberation. Finally, my conclusion asks how we can develop an effective strategy for this new century.Master of Arts
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Baird, J. Aileen. "Medical and popular attitudes toward female sexuality in late seventeenth century England (1660-1696)." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22557.
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This thesis is an analysis of medical and popular views toward female sexuality in late seventeenth century England (1660-1696), based on the study of learned vernacular medical texts, personal sources and popular literature. In that period, women's subordinate social status to men was largely determined by their 'inferior' biology; "female illnesses" were considered to be a product of women's innate physiological 'weakness' as defined by humoral medical theory, and their reproductive organs were linked to their less restrained (than men's) sexual desires.This research examines those medical and social ideas that defined the female sex in late seventeenth century England, in conjunction with women's own records of their experiences; it is argued that while their physiology was used to justify their inferior social status, women's degree of self-autonomy in early modern England--particularly in the area of pregnancy and childbirth--was probably far greater than would be thought from an examination of the contemporary printed sources. This thesis also demonstrates how medical and social attitudes toward women mutually reinforced the secondary position of women in that society.
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Wilks, Louise Elizabeth. "Naughty noughties? : depictions of female sexuality and the body politic in contemporary British cinema." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569160.
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The "naughty noughties" was a recurring phrase in the British press as the first decade of the new millennium concluded, often remarking on the sexual freedoms the period 2000-2009 apparently granted Western females. In twenty-first century Anglo- American popular culture, the female body's provocative display, objectification and commodification IS frequently aligned with dubious notions of women's "empowerment". This is characteristic of a prevalent "post-feminist" discourse, defined by an (uncorroborated) assumption that feminism has achieved its goals of gender equality, and an endorsement of women's apparent ensuing capacity to make choices associated with their personal betterment, accomplished, at least partly, via investment in consumer culture. Addressing the notable lack of research examining the extent to which post-feminist idioms are disseminated within contemporary female-centred British cinema, I interrogate a range of noughties films which have previously received little or no scholarly attention. I bring gender and sexuality to the forefront of my analysis, updating academic discourses on women and British cinema which have, until now, mainly focused on earlier texts. I suggest that, theoretically, the very nature of the UK's film industry, in which a significant proportion of its texts are made by independent companies and with minute budgets, sanctions its capacity for challenging prevailing post-feminist sentiments, which are based on an unrealistic perception of gender equality. My approach to interrogating the films' depictions of female sexuality, sexual behaviour and the body draws specifically on Dollimore and Sinfield's (1994) four categories of cultural materialism. I consider how the historical context of the noughties influences the sentiments the films endorse, including the period's mainstreaming of pornography and the subsequent prevalence of 'raunch culture' (Levy, 2006). My theoretical focus on the female body politic is framed by Judith Butler's poststructuralist assessments of gender. Supplementing this, my political commitment is a feminist critique, drawing on McRobbie's (2009) perception that the endorsement of self- surveillance and objectification in post-feminism's hegemonic femininity, or 'post- 5 feminist masquerade', represents a faux empowerment and a compromise, or 'double entanglement' for women. Moreover, I use textual analysis to undertake a close reading of the films. I address such issues within a sample of 101 female-centred British films, deconstructing texts to reveal their complicities with post-feminism, and the ways in which some complicate or subvert this. My broad sample includes diverse texts, and covers genres from heritage to comedy. I ultimately argue, however, that the overall depiction of female sexuality in British films of the period is normative, rather than naughty. Despite some fascinating attempts at subverting post-feminist idioms, most texts affirm the patriarchal gendered norms and re-stabilise the 'heterosexual matrix' (Butler, 1990) on which post-feminist discourses depend. Moreover, wherever depictions of female sexuality verge on what might be considered "naughty", such desire is frequently contained by characters representing narrow and limiting notions of acceptable female sexuality, consolidating post-feminist sentiments. This begs the question of whether the noughties was really a decade where females were allowed to be naughty after all?
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Yang, Wen, and 楊文. "Self-expression and discourse on female sexuality: online sex discussion forums in contemporary China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42182025.
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Rosso, Ana. "Female sexuality in French naturalism and realism, and British new woman fiction, 1850-1900." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14126.
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The Victorian need to compartmentalise and define women’s sexuality in terms of opposing binaries was paralleled by the vague idea that the period’s French and British literatures were at odds with one another. Elucidating the deep connections between, and common concerns shared by, French Naturalist and Realist and British New Woman authors, this thesis shatters the dichotomies that attempted to structure and define women’s sexuality in the mid- to late- nineteenth century. The thesis focusses on novels and short stories by French authors Émile Zola and Guy de Maupassant, and New Woman authors Sarah Grand, Ménie Muriel Dowie and Vernon Lee. In a time during which the feminist movement was gaining momentum, and female sexuality was placed at the heart of a range of discourses, and scrutinised from a number of different angles – not only in literature, but in medicine, psychology, sexology, criminology – the consideration of the female sexual self and her subjectivity brings together the work of authors whose oeuvres have been largely considered as antithetical. Previous work has indeed shown the centrality of female sexuality to both literatures, yet never compared them. This thesis rediscovers the significance of both literatures’ investment in a discourse revolving around female sexuality by contrasting the French male authors with the British female writers, and uncovering unexpected parallels in their claims about the contemporary situation of women. Simone de Beauvoir’s Le Deuxième Sexe’s feminist philosophy frames the thesis’s comparative analysis, questioning and re-examining these authors’ representations of female sexuality. The ideas of sensuality and rationality, motherhood, reproduction, marriage, and prostitution thus become recurring concerns throughout it. The thesis’s first chapter considers the female as sexual subject and/or object of the male gaze, in a range of New Woman and French literature. The second and third chapters are organised around the themes of marriage and prostitution, and the final chapter considers issues of female sexuality within the fantastic short story.
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Yang, Wen. "Self-expression and discourse on female sexuality online sex discussion forums in contemporary China /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42182025.
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Ross, Karen E. "The Vagina Dialogues: Essentialist and Constructionist Views of Female Sexuality in Contemporary Feminist Theology." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1304106635.
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Beardsell, Susan. "The use of female sexuality in television advertising and its effect on adolescent girls." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/161/.
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Content analyses of television advertising have delineated two images of women, constrained-by their domestic and sexual roles. The focus of this thesis is on portrayals of sexuality in advertisements, targeted at female consumers. A wholistic approch to the study of the media is advocated, which involves analysis of the media, the viewer and the nature of the interaction between the two. Sexuality advertisements were content analysed using quantitative and qualitative categories. A distinct sub-set of these advertised beauty products. Analysis revealed that women are portrayed in a way which stereotypes their sexuality. Furthermore, the use of various persuasive devices indicates more subtle forms of sexism. The importance of developing sexuality to the female adolescent is discussed. It is argued that media must have personal relevance in order to produce any effects. Teenage girls were therefore chosen to act as subjects in experimental studies. Linear approaches to media effects are critisised and a circular model adopted in which concern with personal sexuality will make media portrayals of sexuality more salient. This saliency will, in turn, increase the probability of advertising images being used as role models. It is argued that perceptions mediate effects, therefore a before-and-after methodology is rejected for an investigation of attitudes towards and perceptions of advertisements. Initial findings indicate an individual approach to decoding of advertisements. Evidence was found for two approaches. Advertisements could be perceived from reality or marketing perspectives. Mere exposure to portrayals of female sexuality does not ensure their saliency to viewers. Norms of sexuality are not accepted uncritically but evaluated in terms of personal reality. An analysis of personal characteristics of adolescents indicates that only a proportion are preoccupied or concerned with their own sexuality. Evidence is presented to suggest that a personal concern with sexuality may lead to sexual images being more salient and accepted as desirable normative types.
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Nicholls, Leanne. "Constructing female sexuality : how heterosexual women's accounts of sex and sexual difficulties correspond with contemporary classification systems for female sexual problems." Thesis, University of East London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532582.
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There has been recent debate within the field of sexology regarding the construction and classification of female sexuality and sexual difficulties. Those promoting a predominantly `bio-medical', individual and internal construction in the form of the 1998 Consensus Classification for `female sexual dysfunction' have met with specific opposition from feminist proponents through the development of `A New View of Women's Sexual Problems'. This alternative framework rejects the `medicalisation' of women's sexual experiences in favour of locating them primarily within socio-cultural and relational contexts. Based on the assumption that in order to have clinical and research utility, classification systems need to reflect the issues relevant to their subject matter. The purpose of this study was to examine the correspondence between women's accounts of their sexual difficulties and non-problematic sexual experiences with these two classification systems. A non-clinical sample of 49 heterosexual women volunteered to complete an anonymous, qualitative questionnaire survey regarding their experiences of sex and sexual difficulty. An analytic procedure was devised to assess correspondence of the women's accounts with the two classification systems, at both a categorical and conceptual level. 74% of respondents' accounts of their sexual difficultycorresponded with the New View at a categorical level, whereas 41% corresponded with the Consensus Classification. The New View also demonstrated better correspondence at a conceptual level with women's accounts of their sexual difficulty and non-problematic sexual experience. As results suggest that the New View is more able than the Consensus Classification in reflecting the issues women themselves deem as important in understanding their sexual experiences, implications for the prevailing use of the Consensus Classification and its impact on research and clinical practice are discussed.