Relevant bibliographies by topics / Femininity and masculinities

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Femininity and masculinities'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Femininity and masculinities"

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Hamilton, Laura T., Elizabeth A. Armstrong, J. Lotus Seeley, and Elizabeth M. Armstrong. "Hegemonic Femininities and Intersectional Domination." Sociological Theory 37, no. 4 (December 2019): 315–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735275119888248.

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We examine how two sociological traditions account for the role of femininities in social domination. The masculinities tradition theorizes gender as an independent structure of domination; consequently, femininities that complement hegemonic masculinities are treated as passively compliant in the reproduction of gender. In contrast, Patricia Hill Collins views cultural ideals of hegemonic femininity as simultaneously raced, classed, and gendered. This intersectional perspective allows us to recognize women striving to approximate hegemonic cultural ideals of femininity as actively complicit in reproducing a matrix of domination. We argue that hegemonic femininities reference a powerful location in the matrix from which some women draw considerable individual benefits (i.e., a femininity premium) while shoring up collective benefits along other dimensions of advantage. In the process, they engage in intersectional domination of other women and even some men. Our analysis re-enforces the utility of analyzing femininities and masculinities from within an intersectional feminist framework.
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August, Andrew. "“A Horrible Looking Woman”: Female Violence in Late-Victorian East London." Journal of British Studies 54, no. 4 (September 2, 2015): 844–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2015.116.

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AbstractScholars have attributed a steep decline in violent crime in nineteenth-century England to a “civilizing offensive” launched to discipline violent masculinities. In East London, however, a significant minority of those brought before summary courts on charges of violent offenses were women. Newspaper accounts of these cases show that some women committed assaults that resembled the violent actions of men. The courts and newspapers evaluated defendants against standards of femininity. Those women who successfully performed dominant versions of femininity received lenient treatment in the courts and approval in the newspapers. The courts harshly punished those who did not conform. These accounts reveal a campaign against disorderly femininities that paralleled the civilizing offensive directed against unruly masculinities.
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Draper, Jimmy, and Andrea M. McDonnell. "Fashioning Multiplatform Masculinities." Men and Masculinities 21, no. 5 (March 6, 2017): 645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x17696190.

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Scholarly interest in the potential of personal style blogging to intervene in fashion media’s gendered norms has focused on women and femininity. To assess the implications for men and masculinity, this article examines gay male bloggers’ self-representational practices. Through interviews and textual analysis, we find their uses of different digital platforms reproduce and confront the heteronormativity of men’s fashion media in ways that speak to their status as bloggers in the industry. Specifically, their desire to demonstrate recognizable forms of fashion expertise keeps their blogs disciplined by industry norms of masculinity even as the need to self-brand encourages queer self-expression across other social media. We thus argue the ways in which bloggers embrace platforms’ technological affordances to engage multiple audiences are central to theorizing how their labor produces different discourses and depictions of masculinity. This builds on arguments made by gender and sexuality scholars to explain the significance of gay men’s fashion.
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Byrne, Janice, Miruna Radu-Lefebvre, Salma Fattoum, and Lakshmi Balachandra. "Gender Gymnastics in CEO succession: Masculinities, Femininities and Legitimacy." Organization Studies 42, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 129–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840619879184.

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This article theorizes how CEOs ‘do gender’ in management succession and how this impacts their legitimacy as successor CEOs. Drawing on the analysis of seven incumbent-successor dyads in a family business setting, we document the multiple masculine (entrepreneurial, authoritarian and paternalistic) and feminine (relational, individualized and maternal) gender identities that both men and women CEO successors enact. We contribute to the CEO succession literature by revealing the different ways that CEOs can ‘do masculinity’ in their pursuit of legitimacy and also expose how CEO successors ‘do femininity’. In particular, we show how men and women CEOs enact relational femininity to garner stakeholders’ support as well as build alliances to temper change initiatives. We contribute to the gender and organization literature by providing an understanding of how certain ways of doing gender in organizations facilitate or hinder the legitimacy of CEO successors.
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Gunda, Masiiwa Ragies. "Jesus Christ, Homosexuality and Masculinity in African Christianity: Reading Luke 10:1-12." Exchange 42, no. 1 (2013): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341248.

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Abstract Since 1995, homosexuality has been part and parcel of public discourses in Zimbabwe. The Bible is a dominant resource, so that the Sodom narrative (Gen. 19) has become synonymous with homosexual condemnation. Interestingly, Jesus has been absent in the debate; justified by the claim that Jesus had not spoken on the subject. However, contrary to this claim, a socio-literary analysis of Luke 10: 1-12 demonstrates that Jesus may have fundamentally differed with this popular interpretation of Genesis 19. A textual analysis of Luke 10: 1-12 shows Jesus undermining dominant masculinities by de-masculinizing his followers in ways that belittle the gulf between masculinity and femininity. This article argues that to use the categories of masculinity and femininity to condemn same-sex relationships is no longer sustainable. Rather, this text can be a basis for the construction of ‘redemptive masculinities’ in Christian communities, which may provide a new platform for understanding and accepting homosexuality.
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O'Meara, Caroline. "The Raincoats: breaking down punk rock's masculinities." Popular Music 22, no. 3 (October 2003): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143003003209.

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The Raincoats were one of a handful of British, all-female punk bands successful enough to release records and tour internationally. Since the late 1970s, critics intrigued by the idea that music can enact gender, have heard their music as somehow embodying femininity. I explore the discursive origins of the Raincoats music as ‘feminine music’ before analysing their music to determine the specific nature of their work as female punk musicians. The Raincoats took advantage of punk's ideology of amateurism to shatter traditional (read: masculine) subjectivity in rock music. Analysing their music reveals the ways in which their music triggers listening that encourages an understanding of their music as feminine.
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Lean, Eugenia. "Theorising Chinese Masculinity: Society and Gender in China. By Kam Louie. [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 239 pp. ISBN 0-521-80621-6.]." China Quarterly 175 (September 2003): 832–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003260471.

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In his introduction to Theorising Chinese Masculinity, Kam Louie rightly points out that while a great deal has been written on the topic of femininity in China, the study of masculinity remains remarkably untouched. A few historical and literary studies have started to appear, but next to nothing has been done to “systematically conceptualize the theoretical underpinning of Chinese masculinities in general terms” (p. 3).
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Peletz, Michael G. "Hegemonic Muslim Masculinities and Their Others: Perspectives from South and Southeast Asia." Comparative Studies in Society and History 63, no. 3 (June 29, 2021): 534–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417521000141.

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AbstractThis article provides ethnographic, comparative, and theoretical perspectives on Muslim masculinities in South and Southeast Asia, home to more than half the world's 1.9 billion Muslims. Its empirical and thematic focus broadens the scholarly discussion of gender and sexuality among Muslims insofar as most of the literature deals with the Middle East and North Africa and is devoted to women and the discourses and practices of femininity and sexuality associated with them. More specifically, the article develops theoretical insights bearing on gender hegemonies and the pluralities and hierarchies of discourses on masculinities in the Muslim-majority nations of Pakistan and Malaysia, each of which illustrates broad trends in the region. It thus sheds important light on the empirical diversity of Muslim masculinities (amidst commonalities) and some of the ways they have been informed by locally and regionally variable macro-level processes keyed to colonialism, postcolonial nation-building, global/neoliberal capitalism, and post-Cold War geopolitical struggles including the Global War on Terror.
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Eisen, Daniel B., and Liann Yamashita. "Borrowing from Femininity: The Caring Man, Hybrid Masculinities, and Maintaining Male Dominance." Men and Masculinities 22, no. 5 (September 8, 2017): 801–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x17728552.

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Prevalent cultural representations of masculinity depict men as aggressive, emotionally distant individuals whose hard and muscular bodies epitomize these traits. These traditional representations of masculinity have also been linked to sexism and male dominance, which has encouraged many men to distance themselves from these representations. This study employed grounded theory methods to analyze interviews with twenty-five men about their understanding and construction of their masculinity. The analysis revealed that some men construct a hybrid masculinity by describing themselves as caring or being in touch with their feminine side to create social distance between themselves and men who adhere to traditional representations of masculinity. While men incorporated what they viewed as feminine characteristics into their identities, they reinforced, rather than challenged, the symbolic boundaries of gender and the resulting gender hierarchy. Ultimately, the men in this study were able to co-opt the language of caring to gain more prestige while reinforcing gender inequality and male dominance.
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Germon, Jennifer. "Researching masculinities, narrating sexual difference." Qualitative Research Journal 14, no. 1 (May 6, 2014): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-03-2014-0004.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to engage with a foundational gendered imaginary in Western medical and popular discourse regarding fetal sexual development. It is an imaginary that consists of dual narratives that bolster an oppositional complementary model of sex-gender. By these accounts male sexual development results from complex and multi-faceted processes generated by the Y chromosome while female sexual development is straightforward, articulated through a discourse of “default sex” (Jost, 1953). Such apparent truths fit seamlessly with the timeworn notion of maleness and masculinity as always already active, and femaleness and femininity always and inevitably passive. In other words, he does and she is. Design/methodology/approach – Despite embryogenetic findings thoroughly debunking these ideas, contemporary medical and biological textbooks remain haunted by outdated androcentric models of sex development. This paper attends to biomedical and everyday understandings of sex and gender to demonstrate how fresh lines of inquiry produce conditions that enable new ways of understanding bodies and embodied experiences. Findings – This paper demonstrates how new ways of thinking can lead to a new understanding with regards to sex, gender, bodies, and experiences. Originality/value – This paper attends to biomedical and everyday understandings of sex and gender to demonstrate how fresh lines of inquiry produce conditions that enable new ways of understanding bodies and embodied experiences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Femininity and masculinities"

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Hadzajlic, Saida. "Writing Femininities and Masculinities – Representation of Gender in Students’ Narratives." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33824.

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The study that has been undertaken sets out to explore students’ representation of gender in their narratives. It therefore aims at describing in what way the students represent gender. The method used was a qualitative text analysis from a feminist perspective. The research was carried out in the south of Sweden, with twelve students in year nine. These students’ narratives represented gender in various ways. The stories included representations of gender with both traditional and unconventional notions. Some of the stories showed a hierarchical relationship between men and women portrayed in the stories, while others, in some cases, depicted gender equality. Male and female characters were more often than not dichotomised and a heteronormative standard seemed to be present. On the other hand, the narratives appeared to contradict the notion of the woman merely belonging to the private sphere since many female characters were ascribed a student’s or a working role. Nevertheless, it seemed as if the narratives were unsuccessful in creating untraditional masculinities, since the male characters were often described as hero, saviour or offender.
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Lynne, Ida. "Rätt och fel och all moral emellan : En komparativ analys av de manliga karaktärerna i Katarina von Bredows Syskonkärlek och Klättra Uppåt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179692.

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The aim of this study was to discover if there has been any changes regarding the male ideal in YA literature over time based on the gender related changes that recently have taken place in the Swedish society. The investigation is completed through a comparative analysis of the male characters in Katarina von Bredow’s Syskonkärlek (1991) and Klättra Uppåt (2020) from the female protagonists’ perspective. This is done against the context based of the historic inequality rooted in gender norms together with patterns in romance literature. The female protagonists’ choice of man together with the use of moral characters are the main sources in validating who the ideal male is in each novel. Concepts such as R.W. Connells ‘hegemonic masculinity’ and Thomas Johansson’s theory about demasculinity detects hierarchies among the male characters which are later included in the conclusion. Through the analysis the discovery of some changes are made which states that the fear of femininity has reduced over time and that the use of dominance through anger and violence has become less desirable in men. This change in values could be an effect of the changes in the Swedish society regarding the fact that YA literature often has been put in the position of holding a moral responsibility and therefore is known for depicting contemporary norms and values.
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Bergsten, Linda, and Madelene Nilsson. "Huddinge kommun ur ett genusperspektiv : Bild- och textanalys av Huddinge kommuns personaltidning." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1544.

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The aim of this paper is to critically examine and analyze how the informal performance about masculinities and femininity are being expressed and produced by the text and pictures in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration. The concrete questions are:

By which patterns constructs the performance of gender in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration?

Are the femininity and masculinities being expressed in a static way or have it changed in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration throw the examined years 1985, 1995 and 2006?

A quantitative and qualitative method is used. The point of departure is organization theory in a gender perspective. With the gender organization theory we examine the structures, leadership, symbolics and changes through the examined years. Our perspective is a social contructionism.

Our conclusion is that the patterns about femininity and masculinity changes through the years, but the most significant changes are made by women. That conclusion is in spite of the facts that the quantitative data shows that women have increased by the numbers of pictures.

The qualitative examination confirms that masculinity is still the norm and therefore women do change more than the man does.

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Karlsson, Pernilla. "Jag kanske är lite nörd... : En uppsats om genus, spel och identitet." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1571.

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Denna uppsats har som syfte att, genom kvalitativa intervjuer, belysa fem kvinnors intresse för spel (dator- och tv-spel) och hur dessa kvinnor i sin tur talar om spel som en del av sin identitet. Frågorna som ställs till empirin handlar om vilka erfarenheter informanterna har av spel som intresse och vilka slutsatser om deras spelande man kan dra av detta. Vidare får vi en inblick i hur det normala ser ut inom spelvärlden, utifrån informanternas berättelser. Sist men inte minst så ställs frågan vad föreställningarna om det normala inom spelvärlden får för konsekvenser för informanternas identitet, och därmed vad detta leder till gällande de möjligheter och begränsningar som dessa kvinnor ställs inför, i relation till sitt intresse och den värld som omger det. Uppsatsen visar på att det inte bara finns en norm för hur en kvinna ska vara som Gamer utan det finns också en normativ femininitet som man bör förhålla sig till. Studien visar också på att informanterna ständigt tolkas som avvikande (på ett positivt eller negativt sätt) och att detta i sin tur får konsekvenser för informanternas identitetsprocesser och de strategier som de använder sig av för att behålla spel som intresse.


The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the interests of five women regarding their relation to video and computer games, as well as how they intend to talk about games as reflecting a part of their own identity. The questions asked to empirics concerns the informants´ intrinsic experiences of games as an interest, and which conclusions that can be drawn according to these results. Further on, through the stories retold by the informants, an insight of what is normative within this specific sphere is provided. In addition, the important question of how the current normative conceptions in the field will affect the identity of the women is raised, and thereby possibilities and restrictions revealed, in relation to the interests of the informants and presuppositions of the surrounding society. The paper displays that there is not only one single norm for a female Gamer but also a normative femininity one should apply as a woman in the field. The survey also suggests that the informants often are referred to as deviant, both in a positive or a negative manner. This, moreover, seem to affect the internal identity processes of the informants as well as their strategies used to retain this specific interest.

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Joannin, Delphine. "Les pratiques corporelles des filles et des garçons : socialisations sexuées et variations interindividuelles." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2513/.

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L'étude de la socialisation enfantine et des contraintes relatives à la construction du genre au sein d'un même groupe de sexe permet d'apprécier la pluralité de modèles de genre souvent présentés de manière binaire. Dans cette perspective, ce travail de thèse analyse la socialisation corporelle de filles et de garçons âgés de 9 à 12 ans (CM1-CM2). Les pratiques corporelles des enquêtés constituent un " terrain d'observation " du processus de socialisation dont ils et elles sont l'objet. Les rapports à l'activité physique et au travail de l'apparence se situent au centre de l'analyse, permettant ainsi d'étudier le rôle central de l'incorporation dans la construction du genre. La démonstration s'appuie sur des données qualitatives issues d'une enquête ethnographique en milieu scolaire, d'observations dans les contextes sportifs fréquentés et d'une série d'entretiens avec les enfants, les familles et les adultes encadrants (institutrices et éducateurs sportifs). Les résultats mettent en évidence différents " régimes de genre " (Connell, 1987) dans les contextes sportifs et plusieurs groupes d'affinités en milieu scolaire. L'articulation des effets de trois instances de socialisation (la pratique sportive associative, l'école (et notamment les réseaux relationnels enfantins) et la famille permet d'étudier la variabilité et la hiérarchie des modèles de masculinités et de féminités repérés
The analysis of child socialization and constraints relating to the construction of gender within groups of boys and girls offers a new perspective on the plurality of gender patterns, often presented in a binary way. This thesis analyses the body socialization of girls and boys aged between 9 and 12. We analyse their bodily practices as "field observation" of the socialization process and we have focused more specifically on the role of physical activity and the role of "work of the appearance" on gender construction, and the process of incorporation. The demonstration is based on qualitative ethnographic data from a school survey, observations in sport contexts and a series of interviews with children, families and adults (teachers, sports instructors). The study has identified different "gender regimes" (Connell, 1987) in sports contexts and a several affinity groups in school. The joint effects of three instances of socialization (associative sport, school and family) are taken into account to explain the variability and the hierarchy of the identified models of masculinities and femininities
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Chen, Ching-hui, and 陳靜慧. "Between masculinity and femininity－The performances of masculinities of female superintendents in junior high schools." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39285213257378450542.

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碩士
高雄醫學大學
性別研究所碩士班
95
The thesis aims to analyze the relation of job, masculinity and gender identity. I interviewed 9 female superintendents and 4 male superintendents and conducted observation in three junior high schools. In addition, I also collected second-hand data from newspapers to see how superintendents are constructed in media. The major findings of this research are as followed. The core issue of the superintendents’ job is to maintain the safety and order on campus. To control students efficiently and achieve the purpose of discipline, coercive domination is emphasized in this profession. Comparing to some other jobs in the school, it is full of masculinity. Therefore, an ideal superintendent is usually male, which is closely related to the social representation of evilization of students and the ideology that segregates sexes. As a result, discipline becomes a gendered job and females are not allowed to enter this profession. Women are only accepted when their male colleagues don’t want this job. In other words, more women occupied this profession does not mean that the ideology of sex segregated job is deconstructed. Moreover, females who can get the job are expected to be as masculine as possible, which means she is fierce or has the background of physical education. What is ambivalent is that those masculinities performed by female superintendents are usually unvalued; for example, these female superintendents’ masculine performances, in their male colleagues’ eyes, are either unqualified or too-violent. Hence, the key issue is gender; i.e. female masculinity is not allowed at all. Female superintendents reproduce hegemonic masculinity, which maintains male-dominated and female-subordinated relationship and consolidates heterosexual hegemony, in schools by using emotional control, performing violence, and dressing in a de-feminized style. However, I see female superintendents’ agency in their daily performance of masculinities. They don’t conform to and reproduce hegemonic masculinity, but present it in a new way- caring masculinity which conveys male-dominance but in a feminine way. Due to work plays an important role in shaping people’s identity, these female superintendents also need to deal with their gender identity and work identity. Some of them are so engaged in the performance in the workplace that they burn out, and thus they prefer to performing femininity in private sphere. Others make efforts to construct and defend the boundary between working self and non-working self. Still some others can’t perform masculinity at all so they make themselves comfortable by being themselves. Female superintendents’ self-transformation demonstrates people’s identities are fluid and diverse. When female superintendents go into the male-dominated workplace, they are often subjected to many unequal treatments such as being treated as ornaments, being protected, being excluded and sexual harassment. All these discriminations originate from sex-segregated ideology. In the workplace, though female superintendents can perform masculinity and femininity at their own will, in the private sphere, they still submit to the norm that the male belongs to the public sphere and the female belongs to private sphere and that females are responsible for the domestic labor. They fall into the dilemma of looking after family and job at the same time; on the contrary, males can get rid of the family load easily.
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Mutwanamba, Rendani Emmely. "Challenges faced by female police officers within the South African (SAPS): a case study of two police stations in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, South Africa." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/362.

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Books on the topic "Femininity and masculinities"

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Ghaill, Máirtín Mac an. Gender, culture, and society: Contemporary femininities and masculinities. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

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Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies and Rocky Mountain Medieval and Renaissance Association, eds. Masculinities and femininities in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. [Turnhout, Belgium]: Brepols, 2009.

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Freud on femininity and faith. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.

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Morrow, France. Unleashing our unknown selves: An inquiry into the future of femininity and masculinity. New York: Praeger, 1991.

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Sexual animosity between men and women. Northvale, N.J: Aronson, 1989.

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Engendered trope in Joyce's Dubliners. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996.

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Susan, Brownell, and Wasserstrom Jeffrey N, eds. Chinese femininities, Chinese masculinities: A reader. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002.

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(Editor), Susan Brownell, and Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom (Editor), eds. Chinese Femininities/Chinese Masculinities: A Reader (Asia: Local Studies / Global Themes). University of California Press, 2002.

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Feminities Masculinities Sexualities Freud And Beyond. University Press of Kentucky, 1994.

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Chinese Femininities/Chinese Masculinities: A Reader (Asia: Local Studies / Global Themes). University of California Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Femininity and masculinities"

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Natarajan, Kanchana. "Desire and Deviance in Classical Indian Philosophy: A Study of Female Masculinity and Male Femininity in the Tamil Folk Legend Alliyarasanimalai." In Women’s Sexualities and Masculinities in a Globalizing Asia, 47–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230604124_3.

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"7. Effeminacy, Femininity, and Male-Male Passions." In Negotiating Masculinities in Late Imperial China, 135–54. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824863739-010.

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"Femininity under Globalisation: Doing Gender in Transnational Space." In All Equally Real: Femininities and Masculinities Today, 253–65. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781848883178_025.

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"Crafting the Sphere of Femininity: Women Impersonators on the Parsi Stage." In All Equally Real: Femininities and Masculinities Today, 111–20. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781848883178_013.

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DeFillipo, Cassie. "‘Your Vagina is a Rice Paddy’." In Money and Moralities in Contemporary Asia. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463723107_ch06.

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In Thailand, there is an adage that a woman’s vagina is her rice paddy wherein it is considered a natural resource she can harvest when necessary or desired. In a culture where sexual relationships are defined by norms of masculinity and femininity, women’s sexual decisions are often aimed at using this natural resource to perform femininity in culturally idealized ways. Through ethnographic work in commercial sex establishments, this chapter argues that heterosexual sex practices help women express and enact hegemonic femininities in Northern Thailand. In contributing to the literature on hegemonic and multiple femininities, the chapter contends that gender is relational and that analyses of men’s performances of masculinities are insufficient if reviewed separately from women’s performances of femininities.
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"Femininity and Masculinity in Gail Carriger’s Soulless and Changeless: Victorian Society Redefined." In All Equally Real: Femininities and Masculinities Today, 37–46. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781848883178_006.

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Wong, Magdalena. "Conclusion." In Everyday Masculinities in 21st-Century China, 130–40. Hong Kong University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528424.003.0007.

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The conclusion compares the main features of able-responsible man with representations of the ideal man in different cultural, and transnational, settings. The roles of physical strength and sex are considered. There is a critical review of the status of femininity and gender equality in Nanchong, and the culture of emulating exemplary norms in China. Filial piety and a general sense of duty to the nation provide the environment in which the able-responsible man is expected to carry responsibilities for the family, society and nation. Although the hegemonic model identified in Nanchong is coercive and denigrates marginalized men, the nature of the able-responsible man is shown to be essentially positive. The chapter concludes with a reflection on the extent to which the empirical discovery of the able-responsible man is influenced by the ethnographer herself.
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Tran, Ben. "Culturally Gendered." In Discourse Analysis as a Tool for Understanding Gender Identity, Representation, and Equality, 99–135. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0225-8.ch006.

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The social differentiation between males and females is a relational concept: masculinity exists and has meaning only as it contrasts with femininity, and vice versa (Connell, 1995, p. 43). Western culture, especially, prides itself on the successful integration of feminism into modern society—though some still question how successfully integrated feminism truly is while others ponder whether or not cultural power in society has been reversed. As masculinity studies developed, according to Simpson (2004), so too did the concept of multiple masculinities, the idea that men respond to and embrace masculinity in a variety of ways because the expression of masculinity can “change according to time, the event, and the perspectives” of a group or community (Imms, 2000, p. 156), as demonstrated by Heasley (2005), and men who are in female dominated occupations. Nevertheless, multiple masculinities are commonly segregated into the following categories: hegemonic, complicit, subordinated, and marginalized.
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Barış, Baran. "Representations of Masculinities in Gaya Jiji's Film Named My Favorite Fabric." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 338–54. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7180-4.ch021.

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Masculinity refers to the roles expected of men by gender ideology. Masculinity studies after 1990 revealed that masculinity cannot be taken as a universal subject. Another important concept in this study is orientalism. Orientalism generally refers to the West's point of view regarding the East. In Western narratives, Eastern women are generally depicted as oppressed heroes, and men as heroes who are always strong. However, alternative narratives reveal that different forms of femininity and masculinity can be seen in Eastern societies. In this study, a Syrian director's film named My Favorite Fabric is analyzed with a semiotic method within the framework of these concepts. When the representations of masculinity in the film are examined, it is seen that different forms of masculinity are constructed, and an alternative to the orientalist discourse is presented accordingly. It has been revealed that different variables are effective in the construction of masculinities.
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10

Bloch, Alexia. "Strategic Intimacy, “Real Love,” and Marriage." In Sex, Love, and Migration. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501713149.003.0005.

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Drawing on conversations and formal interviews with more than fifty women working long-term as sales assistants, exotic dancers, and domestic workers in Istanbul, this chapter explores the intimate ties that post-Soviet migrant women often maintain with Turkish men. The chapter considers the role that strategic intimacies play in mobility projects globally and reflects on how hegemonic masculinities in Turkey come together with dominant forms of femininity among post-Soviet migrant women. Finally the chapter argues that while structural constraints and border regimes in part shape migrant women’s intimate practices, women’s accounts of love, romance, and conversions to Islam as a sign of devotion to their lovers, suggest a line between “love” and material security is blurred and shifts over time.
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