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1
Fournier, Diane Lucie Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Defining feminist geography : an examination of how Canadian women geographers perceive feminist geography." Ottawa, 1990.
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McNiven, Abigail. "(Re)collections : engaging feminist geography with embodied and relational experiences of pregnancy losses." Thesis, Durham University, 2014. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10786/.
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With empirically-grounded and theoretically-inferred consideration in this thesis, I bring into focus a vast ‘collection’ of components entailed in lived experiences of pregnancy losses and, in particular, foreground the ways in which spaces and places are intimately involved. This includes, for example, attending to medical settings such as hospitals, workplaces, homes and gardens, online support communities, cemeteries and other memorial locations in addition to bodies which are simultaneously material and emotional. Since pregnancy losses are inter-personal, I also discuss social relations between women, their embryos, foetuses, babies and/or children, medical staff, partners, family members, friends, work colleagues, online group users and ‘wider society’. The multiplicity of components within, and across, participants’ experiences serves to simultaneously break apart and reassemble the label I selected for the research of ‘pregnancy losses’. I utilise several sub-disciplines across the thesis, finding a particularly significant and tricky tension between two particular areas I wish to engage: feminist geographies and the geographies of death and dying. My research weaves together feminist, embodied, emotional geographies through which I seek to understand experiences of pregnancy losses. In doing so, I foreground the richness, depth and complexity of lived experiences by developing understandings of pregnancy losses which embrace, rather than sanitise or marginalise, bodily materiality and social relations as well as emotional dynamics. My thesis serves to bring together and explore the recollections of pregnancy loss experiences, organised around a number of spatial contexts and activities. These are reflected in the focus of each chapter in terms of interior bodies, social relations, bodily fluids, online sites, external skins and practices of memorialisation. My discussions work to ‘collect’ together understandings about the somewhat paradoxical fullness and variety of accumulated meanings that can be held about pregnancy loss experiences.
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Ostgaard, Gayra. "For "women only" understanding the cultural space of a women's gym through feminist geography /." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1155218461.
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Ostgaard, Gayra Dee. "FOR “WOMEN ONLY”: UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL SPACE OF A WOMEN’S GYM THROUGH FEMINIST GEOGRAPHY." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1155218461.
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Nash, Catherine. "Landscape, body and nation : cultural geographies of Irish identities." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261470.
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Smith, Sara Hollingsworth. "A Geopolitics of Intimacy and Anxiety: Religion, Territory, and Fertility in Leh District, Jammu and Kashmir, India." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194792.
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What happens when bodies are the territory through which geopolitical strategies play out? In the Leh district of India's contested Jammu and Kashmir State, religious identity has become politicized and Buddhist/Muslim conflict is being articulated at the site of the body. This dissertation contributes to political geography by exploring intimacy and fertility as geopolitical practice. In Leh, political conflict between Buddhists and Muslims is being enacted through women's bodies. Activist members of the Buddhist majority are encouraging Buddhist women to maximize fertility and avoid marrying Muslim men in order to maintain Buddhist electoral control. When women's bodies are instrumentalized and geopolitical strategy seeks to control desire, how do women cope with or resist these pressures? Can the body be an effective site of resistance against the politicization of religion and intimacy? My dissertation research consists of over 200 interviews and surveys of Buddhist and Muslim women in Leh district, as well as a participatory oral history project that engaged students in Leh with these difficult questions. The research explores how the politicization of marriage and fertility is affecting decision-making, how women negotiate religious and political pressures to participate in pro-natal territorial struggles, and how emergent geopolitical religious identities shape visions of the future.
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Weinert, Julie Marie. "The Construction and Influence of Local Gender Roles on Practice in a Global Industry: Ecotourism In Ecuador." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211550789.
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Iceton, Jennifer. "Media Representations of Abortion Politics in Florida: Feminist Geographic Analysis of Newspaper Articles, 2011-2013." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6263.
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Feminist geographers argue that gendered bodies and power are deeply entwined (McDowell 1992; Rose 1993). However, few geographers have investigated how gender and power interact in relation to the politics of abortion access. This thesis seeks to fill this gap by conducting a feminist content analysis of six newspapers from Florida’s three largest metropolitan areas to determine how articles featuring abortion are framed. Analysis of the dataset concludes that the politicization of the abortion debate results in the erasure of women from the conversation, the identification of a pregnant women trope which homogenizes all women into one category, and Planned Parenthood’s classification as a health care provider being ignored subsumed under a recognition of its role in providing abortion services. Overall this study argues that patriarchal institutions regulate women into compulsory motherhood, thereby constraining their agency and ability to fully participate in society participate in political democracy.
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Moraes, Meriene Santos de. "A prática de aborto voluntário e as múltiplas escalas de poder e resistência: entre o corpo feminino e o território nacional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156619.
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Essa pesquisa trata das múltiplas relações de poder entre corpo e espaço, em diferentes escalas, envolvidas na prática de interrupção voluntária da gravidez. A criminalização do aborto provocado não impede que milhares de procedimentos clandestinos sejam realizados anualmente no Brasil. A ilegalidade contribui para a insegurança da prática, constituindo um problema de saúde pública porque coloca em risco a vida das mulheres. Contra essa situação, movimentos feministas vêm lutando pelo aborto legal e seguro em nome da saúde, dos direitos sexuais e (não) reprodutivos e da autonomia corporal das mulheres. Nesse contexto, o estudo buscou compreender como as práticas de aborto provocado envolvem múltiplas escalas territoriais de poder e resistência, procurando responder três questões centrais: No que consiste a prática de aborto provocado? Como as relações entre corpo e espaço podem ser evidenciadas a partir de uma perspectiva escalar dessa prática? E, nesse sentido, como o corpo pode constituir uma escala de resistência? Para dar conta da proposta, o referencial teórico-metodológico apoiou-se, sobretudo, nas correntes feministas da Geografia que entendem que o espaço não é neutro do ponto de vista das relações hierárquicas de gênero e em abordagens territoriais multiescalares. ( Continua) As estratégias de investigação incluíram coleta de dados realizada por meio de uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de nove entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com mulheres brasileiras, entre 24 e 38 anos de idade, que tiveram pelo menos uma experiência de aborto clandestino. O tratamento dos dados consistiu na transcrição das entrevistas, categorização e análise de conteúdo. O estudo mostrou que a prática de aborto provocado consiste em um tema complexo, que envolve aspectos jurídicos, médicos, religiosos, econômicos e emocionais. Além disso, com a restrição do aborto seguro, feito em ambiente hospitalar, a apenas três situações previstas em lei (estupro, risco de vida para a mulher e anencefalia do feto), as mulheres acabam recorrendo às clínicas clandestinas ou ainda ao aborto caseiro, provocado com medicamentos adquiridos no mercado ilegal. Assim, as práticas clandestinas e as lutas pela descriminalização do aborto analisadas ao longo do estudo são exemplos de resistência e subversão às normas estabelecidas, reforçando a afirmação de que o corpo pode constituir espaços de resistência.<br>This research deals with the multiple relations of power between body and space, at different scales, involving the practice of voluntary termination of pregnancy. The criminalization of induced abortion does not prevent thousands of clandestine procedures from being performed annually in Brazil. Illegality contributes to insecurity in the practice and constitutes a public health problem. Against this situation, feminist movements have been fighting for legal and safe abortion in the name of the health, the sexual and (non) reproductive rights and the women's bodily autonomy. In this context, the study looked at how abortion practices involve multiple territorial scales of power and resistance, trying to answer three main questions: What is the practice of induced abortion? How can the relations between body and space be evidenced from a scalar perspective of this practice? And, in that sense, how can the body constitute a scale of resistance? In order to achieve this proposition, the theoretical-methodological reference was based, above all, on the feminist currents of Geography, which understand that space is not neutral from the point of view of hierarchical gender relations, and in multi scalar territorial approaches Research strategies included data collection carried out through an extensive bibliographical and documentary research, in addition to semi-structured interviews with nine Brazilian women, between 24 and 38 years of age, who has, at least, one experience of clandestine abortion. Data processing consisted in transcription of the interviews, categorization and content analysis. The study showed that the practice of induced abortion consists of a complex matter that involves legal, medical, religious, economic and emotional aspects. In addition, with the safe abortion (made in a hospital environment) legal restrictions to only three situations (rape, risks to the woman’s life and anencephaly), women resort to clandestine clinics and/or to drugs purchased in the illegal market. Thus, both clandestine practices and struggles for the decriminalization of abortion analyzed throughout the study are examples of resistance and subversion to established norms, reinforcing our statement that the body can constitute spaces of resistance.
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Hoven-Iganski, Bettina van. "Made in the GDR : the changing geographies of women in the post-socialist rural society in Mecklenburg-Westpommerania." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/365.
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This thesis explores women's experiences in rural areas under state socialism in the GDR and in the New Germany since 1989. The study is located within feminist geographical thinking and draws on a variety of qualitative and quantitative sources. Data for the research were collated through various research methods both qualitative and quantitative including correspondence, focus group interviews, key informant interviews, and the consultation of documentary evidence and statistical sources. The thesis employs a modified grounded theory approach. Data were processed and analysed using the computer-assisted analysis programme NUD.IST Version 4.0. The thesis focuses on questions that emerge from a critical analysis of social transformation. A key concern is to evaluate how dominant patriarchal power structures have impacted upon women's everyday lives under socialism and capitalism. Three main themes are foci of this thesis: the changes in social dynamics in rural villages, the impact of economic rationalisations on women, and the nature and extent of women's participation in new political structures. With reference to the former GDR the research showed that many rural women found comfort in social relations they established within the village and the workplace. Such social networks became important elements for women's self-identification and helped counteract suppression through the patriarchal socialist State. German unification overthrew previous values and daily routines of many rural women through vast economic and political changes. The unfamiliarity with a new, sometimes undesirable framework of reference for everyday life and society caused many rural women to withdraw to the private sphere and question their previous identities as rural GDR citizens. Positive opportunities for women's futures have not outweighed negative experiences with transition. Instead, conflicts have prevented women's equal integration into the political and economic structures of the New Germany. Further areas of research are proposed that may add depth to insights gained from this thesis as well as offering possible areas for gender-sensitive policy development in rural Mecklenburg-Westpommerania.
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Beckmann, Cecilia. "GENDER RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION AMONG SINGLE PARENTS IN ÖREBRO? A feminist investigation of settlement patterns in the wake of the building boom." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-157817.
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Cesar, Tamires Regina Aguiar de Oliveira. "“GÊNERO, PODER E PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA GEOGRÁFICA NO BRASIL DE 1974 A 2013”." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/565.
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-12<br>This research aims to understand the gender relations as an element of the geographic scientific production in Brazil. The path of understading this phenomenon was drawn by a gathering of 90 online scientific journals undercontrol by geographic entities and available to be accessed with the classification of Qualis System – CAPES between the layers A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, based on the three-year period 2013 – 2015. The collected papers found in these journals presented an universe of 13.990 papers. For comprehension of the current configuration of the postgraduate studies in Brazil, it was made a data collection on the 55 universities with postgraduate studies programs in Geography, which allowed the composition analysis of the teaching and student staff from theses programs, reflecting on the publication of papers. In the same way, it was realized a search in editorial boards of 90 online journals released for access. The dada presented show that the scientific field of the brazilian geographic science is marked by these structural elements that are inserted in daily practices of the legal and institutional systems, keeping a productivity hierarchy of the scientific knowledge. Even if the brazilian geographic science presents a relevant female participation when compared to the male, the women have a less significant participation. It is evident that the gender and sexuality thematics, even inhibited by hegemonic geographic patterns, still has researchers that dare and challenge the fixed borders in scientific field.<br>Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender as relações de gênero como elemento da produção científica geográfica no Brasil. A trajetória de inteligibilidade do fenômeno foi traçada em torno de 90 periódicos on line científicos mantidos por entidades geográficas e disponíveis para acesso com classificação no Sistema Qualis – CAPES entre os estratos A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4 e B5, com base no triênio 2013 - 2015. A coleta dos artigos encontrados nesses periódicos apresentou um universo de 13.990 artigos. Para entender a atual configuração da pós-graduação no Brasil, foi realizado um levantamento nas 55 universidades com programas de pós-graduação em geografia, o que possibilitou a análise da composição do corpo docente e discente destes programas, que refletem nas publicações dos artigos científicos. Da mesma forma, foi efetivado um levantando nos corpos editoriais dos 90 periódicos on line liberados para acesso. Os dados apresentados comprovam que o campo científico da ciência geográfica brasileira é marcado por seus elementos estruturais que estão inseridos nas práticas cotidianas dos sistemas legais e institucionais, mantendo uma hierarquização da produtividade do conhecimento intelectual. Assim, ainda que o campo científico geográfico brasileiro, apresente uma significativa participação feminina, quando comparada à masculina as mulheres tem uma participação menos significativa. Comprova-se que a temática de gênero e sexualidades mesmo inibida pelos padrões geográficos hegemônicos ainda conta com pesquisadores (as) que ousam e desafiam as fronteiras fixadas no campo científico.
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Schmid, Jessica Catherine. "NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND SEX WORK IN CAMBODIA: DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES AND FEMINIST AGENDAS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/142.
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This project focuses on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Cambodia that deal, either directly or indirectly, with sex work and sex workers. The NGOs outlined in this study have goals ranging from preventing Cambodian women from entering the commercial sex industry to empowering Cambodian sex workers through the formation of sex worker unions. Through the textual analysis of documents and web materials disseminated by these NGOs and from interviews with representatives from the NGOs, I seek to analyze how underlying assumptions about development and about the commercial sex industry shape the ways in which the personnel leading these NGOs think and act. Examining seven Phnom Penh-based organizations, I seek to answer the following research questions: What are the self-stated aims of NGOs in Cambodia that either directly or indirectly deal with the commercial sex industry in the country? What assumptions about development are embedded in the various programs being carried out by these NGOs? What assumptions about the nature of sex work are embedded in the various programs being carried out by NGOs working in Cambodia? What effect does the work of these organizations have on the lived realities of sex workers in Cambodia?
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Davidson, Anna Christine. "Mobilizing bodies : unsettling sustainable mobility through cycling in Los Angeles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:753dbd23-c55d-463a-b20c-b1794339cce8.
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The figure of the human body and notions of its sustenance, wellbeing and need for change are central, if often latent, within discussions of contemporary eco-social 'crises'. This dissertation considers cycling practices in Los Angeles as a 'case' to ask how conceptions of human bodies - the intertwined ideas and materials that constitute them - need reconsidering. Cycling, particularly when replacing car journeys, is increasingly promoted as a solution for some of these 'crises': Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, traffic congestion and alleviating health concerns associated with sedentary lifestyles and mental health. Much cycling advocacy and research is focused on improving the cycling experience and enhancing rates of cycling in cities, yet rests on dominant ontological presumptions around human bodies, their categories of identity and their normativity - both what is considered 'normal' as well as aspirations of 'good' in terms of health and sustainability. In this dissertation, I work through a methodology of 'riding theory' by bringing together (material) feminist, queer and critical race theories with multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork on cycling practices, focusing mainly on Los Angeles, California. Rather than building on automatic assumptions of cycling as a 'solution', I ask in what ways cycling practices manifest through relations of power. This rests on an ontology of 'flesh' and 'enfleshment' - indebted to the work of corporeal and black feminist theorists - whereby cycling is understood not as modulated by relations of power, but becoming-as and through these relations in highly uneven ways. Through cycling in Los Angeles, intertwined techniques of power are discussed as: categorization (the naming and reproduction of identities and bodily difference); configuration of matter and meanings through spacetime (the configuration and affordances of cycling lungs, exposures, taking up spacetimes, speeds and locomotion) and valuation (the enrolment of cycling subjectivities and energies within the reproduction and circulation of value). As opposed to cycling futures reconfigured to fulfil alternative criteria of valuation, I consider what a cycling ethic of response-ability might do: An ethic that arises from the ontologies of enfleshment and that requires a working-with the affordances of cycling. Thinking through these ontologies and/as ethics, I argue, forces emergent reconsideration of how cycling subjectivities and responsibilities, justice, health and sustainability are understood.
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Gay-Antaki, Miriam, and Miriam Gay-Antaki. "Feminist Geographies of Gender and Climate Change: From International Negotiations to Women in Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625673.
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The gender and climate change literature has set out to underscore the differential impacts of climate change within populations. Much of this literature has conflated gender to equate to women, and has focused mostly on women in the developing world, mainly in rural areas where women are usually assigned reproductive social roles and seen as victims of climate change. This overlooks the intersecting and multiple identities of women, their role and voice as agents of change in all regions, and does not use the full range of feminist theory and methods. This dissertation uses feminist geography to challenge the dominant scales and sites of climate change governance and draws attention to the micropolitical, situated, and relational practices through which power relations surrounding climate change are (re)produced. The overarching research question is: How can we include gender and intersectional voices in the study and practice of climate governance? More specifically, I examine how gender and climate policies were and are created; I expose how discourses of gender and climate change are perpetuated and by whom; and I make clear the relationship between these discourses and social inequality and vulnerability to climate change. Paper A examines the experiences of women who are authors of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports and finds that while some women experience active forms of gender discrimination such as silencing or being dismissed, other have a more positive experience, but encounter barriers such as lacking childcare or support from their employers. Paper B shows how feminist geography can investigate the micropolitical and everyday interactions in important geopolitical spaces. It finds that the simple formulation around gender in international climate debate erases important differences amongst women and their struggles; creating an identity politics that excludes people with similar goals, weakening potential for positive change.
Paper C contests the mainstream climate change and gender discourse that constructs the ‘third world women’, showing women in rural Mexico as agents of change instead of vulnerable and passive victims and including self-reflection on my own fieldwork. The appended paper shows that, in most cases, carbon offset projects have consolidated gendered regimes of differential access to markets and economic opportunities while also reifying property tenure structures that may further exacerbate gendered distinctions.
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Merkle, Katlyn M. "`Here We Are’: Exploring the Lived Experiences of Pregnant Graduate Students within Neoliberal Universities." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1471004794.
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Wilson, Erica Christine, and n/a. "A 'Journey Of Her Own'?: The Impact Of Constraints On Women's Solo Travel." Griffith University. Department of Tourism, Leisure, Hotel and Sport Management, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050209.110742.
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Women are increasingly active in the participation and consumption of travel, and are now recognised as a growing force within the tourism industry. This trend is linked to changing social and political circumstances for Western women around the world. Within Australia specifically, women's opportunities for education and for earning equitable incomes through employment have improved. Furthermore, traditional ideologies of the family have shifted, so that social expectations of marriage and the production of children do not yield as much power as they once did. As a result of these shifts, women living in contemporary Australia have a wider range of resources and opportunities with which to access an ever-increasing array of leisure/travel choices. It appears that one of the many ways in which women have been exercising their relatively recent financial and social autonomy is through independent travel. The solo woman traveller represents a growing market segment, with research showing that increasing numbers of females are choosing to travel alone, without the assistance or company of partners, husbands or packaged tour groups. However, little empirical research has explored the touristic experiences of solo women travellers, or examined the constraints and challenges they may face when journeying alone. 'Constraints' have been described variously as factors which hinder one's ability to participate in desired leisure activities, to spend more time in those activities, or to attain anticipated levels of satisfaction and benefit. While the investigation of constraints has contributed to the leisure studies discipline for a number of decades, the exploration of their influence on tourist behaviour and the tourist experience has been virtually overlooked. Research has shown that despite the choices and opportunities women have today, the freedom they have to consume those choices, and to access satisfying leisure and travel experiences, may be constrained by their social and gendered location as females. Although theorisations of constraint have remained largely in the field of leisure studies, it is argued and demonstrated in this thesis that there is potential in extending constraints theory to the inquiry of the tourist experience. Grounded in theoretical frameworks offered by gender studies, feminist geography, sociology and leisure, this qualitative study set out to explore the impact of constraints on women's solo travel experiences. Forty in-depth interviews were held with Australian women who had travelled solo at some stage of their adult lives. Adopting an interpretive and feminist-influenced research paradigm, it was important to allow the women to speak of their lives, constraints and experiences in their own voices and on their own terms. In line with qualitative methodologies, it is these women's words which form the data for this study. Based on a 'grounded' approach to data analysis, the results reveal that constraints do exist and exert influence on these women's lives and travel experiences in a myriad of ways. Four inter-linking categories of constraint were identified, namely socio-cultural, personal, practical and spatial. Further definition of these categories evolved, depending on where the women were situated in their stage of the solo travel experience (that is, pre-travel or during-travel). The results of this study show that there are identifiable and very real constraints facing solo women travellers. These constraints could stem from the contexts of their home environments, or from the socio-cultural structures of the destinations through which they travelled. However, these constraints were not immutable, insurmountable or even necessarily consciously recognised by many of the women interviewed. In fact, it became increasingly evident that women were findings ways and means to 'negotiate' their constraints, challenges and limitations. Three dominant negotiation responses to constraint could be identified; the women could choose to seek access to solo travel when faced with pre-travel constraints: they could withdraw from solo travel because of those same constraints, or they could decide to continue their journeys as a result of their in-situ constraints. Evidence of women negotiating suggests that constraints are not insurmountable barriers, and confirms that constraints do not necessarily foreclose access to travel. Furthermore, a focus on negotiation re-positions women as active agents in determining the course of their lives and the enjoyment of their solo travel experiences, rather than as passive acceptors of circumstance and constraint. Linking with the concept of negotiation, solo travel was also shown to be a site of resistance, freedom and empowerment for these forty women. Through solo travel, it was apparent that the women could transgress the structures and roles which influenced and governed their lives. This thesis shows that, through solo travel, the women interviewed found an autonomous and self-determining 'journey of their own'. At the same time, the extent to which this really was a journey of their own was questioned and revealed to be problematic under a feminist/gendered lens. Thus a more appropriate concept of women's solo travel is that it is a 'relative escape'. That is, their journeys, escapes and experiences were always situated relative to the societal expectations and perceptions of home; relative to the gendered perceptions and ideologies of the destination, and relative to the limited spatial freedoms as a result of a socially constructed geography of fear.
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Wilson, Erica Christine. "A 'Journey Of Her Own'?: The Impact Of Constraints On Women's Solo Travel." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365683.
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Women are increasingly active in the participation and consumption of travel, and are now recognised as a growing force within the tourism industry. This trend is linked to changing social and political circumstances for Western women around the world. Within Australia specifically, women's opportunities for education and for earning equitable incomes through employment have improved. Furthermore, traditional ideologies of the family have shifted, so that social expectations of marriage and the production of children do not yield as much power as they once did. As a result of these shifts, women living in contemporary Australia have a wider range of resources and opportunities with which to access an ever-increasing array of leisure/travel choices. It appears that one of the many ways in which women have been exercising their relatively recent financial and social autonomy is through independent travel. The solo woman traveller represents a growing market segment, with research showing that increasing numbers of females are choosing to travel alone, without the assistance or company of partners, husbands or packaged tour groups. However, little empirical research has explored the touristic experiences of solo women travellers, or examined the constraints and challenges they may face when journeying alone. 'Constraints' have been described variously as factors which hinder one's ability to participate in desired leisure activities, to spend more time in those activities, or to attain anticipated levels of satisfaction and benefit. While the investigation of constraints has contributed to the leisure studies discipline for a number of decades, the exploration of their influence on tourist behaviour and the tourist experience has been virtually overlooked. Research has shown that despite the choices and opportunities women have today, the freedom they have to consume those choices, and to access satisfying leisure and travel experiences, may be constrained by their social and gendered location as females. Although theorisations of constraint have remained largely in the field of leisure studies, it is argued and demonstrated in this thesis that there is potential in extending constraints theory to the inquiry of the tourist experience. Grounded in theoretical frameworks offered by gender studies, feminist geography, sociology and leisure, this qualitative study set out to explore the impact of constraints on women's solo travel experiences. Forty in-depth interviews were held with Australian women who had travelled solo at some stage of their adult lives. Adopting an interpretive and feminist-influenced research paradigm, it was important to allow the women to speak of their lives, constraints and experiences in their own voices and on their own terms. In line with qualitative methodologies, it is these women's words which form the data for this study. Based on a 'grounded' approach to data analysis, the results reveal that constraints do exist and exert influence on these women's lives and travel experiences in a myriad of ways. Four inter-linking categories of constraint were identified, namely socio-cultural, personal, practical and spatial. Further definition of these categories evolved, depending on where the women were situated in their stage of the solo travel experience (that is, pre-travel or during-travel). The results of this study show that there are identifiable and very real constraints facing solo women travellers. These constraints could stem from the contexts of their home environments, or from the socio-cultural structures of the destinations through which they travelled. However, these constraints were not immutable, insurmountable or even necessarily consciously recognised by many of the women interviewed. In fact, it became increasingly evident that women were findings ways and means to 'negotiate' their constraints, challenges and limitations. Three dominant negotiation responses to constraint could be identified; the women could choose to seek access to solo travel when faced with pre-travel constraints: they could withdraw from solo travel because of those same constraints, or they could decide to continue their journeys as a result of their in-situ constraints. Evidence of women negotiating suggests that constraints are not insurmountable barriers, and confirms that constraints do not necessarily foreclose access to travel. Furthermore, a focus on negotiation re-positions women as active agents in determining the course of their lives and the enjoyment of their solo travel experiences, rather than as passive acceptors of circumstance and constraint. Linking with the concept of negotiation, solo travel was also shown to be a site of resistance, freedom and empowerment for these forty women. Through solo travel, it was apparent that the women could transgress the structures and roles which influenced and governed their lives. This thesis shows that, through solo travel, the women interviewed found an autonomous and self-determining 'journey of their own'. At the same time, the extent to which this really was a journey of their own was questioned and revealed to be problematic under a feminist/gendered lens. Thus a more appropriate concept of women's solo travel is that it is a 'relative escape'. That is, their journeys, escapes and experiences were always situated relative to the societal expectations and perceptions of home; relative to the gendered perceptions and ideologies of the destination, and relative to the limited spatial freedoms as a result of a socially constructed geography of fear.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Department of Tourism, Leisure, Hotel and Sport Management<br>Griffith Business School<br>Full Text
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Lane, Rebecca E. "THE GEOPOLITICS OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE: LATINA IMMIGRANTS’ EXPERIENCES AS NON-CITIZENS AND BIOLOGICAL CITIZENA IN ATLANTA, GA." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/44.
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This dissertation examines the experiences of Latina immigrants in Atlanta, GA in accessing and receiving reproductive healthcare. Although Atlanta is a new destination city for immigrant labor, the state of Georgia has passed anti-immigrant legislation, including a 2011 law that allows local police to check immigrants’ documentation while investigating unrelated violations. This localization of immigration policing heightens immigrants’ risk of detention and deportability. In combination with media discourses of illegality, local immigration policing instills fear in immigrants, which deters them from going out in public in order to perform everyday tasks such as seeing a doctor. Latinas immigrants’ ascribed illegality is not only an issue when trying to access reproductive healthcare, however, but also inflects their interactions with health service providers. Moreover, legal and pragmatic barriers to reproductive healthcare are bound up with ideological notions of Latinas’ reproduction. Drawing from 68 interviews with recent Latina immigrants and immigrant advocates, I detail how experiences of receiving reproductive healthcare foster a “biological citizenship” – which can be defined as the ways in which an individual or group claims inclusion through biological means – that eases Latinas’ outsider status. By enacting biological citizenship through the care of their bodies, which are often viewed and treated as undeserving of care, I contend that undocumented immigrants act politically via one of the few avenues that is open to them, albeit one – the care of the body – that is often overlooked. Additionally, they are creating a bit of security in an overwhelming insecure environment.
This research finds that Latina immigrants’ access to reproductive healthcare is impeded not only by anti-immigrant laws and inflammatory discourse, but also by pragmatic issues such as lack of health insurance and language differences. Moreover, legal and pragmatic barriers to reproductive healthcare are bound up with ideological notions of Latinas’ reproduction. For example, Latinas are frequently portrayed as “hyperfertile” in anti-immigrant discourse. Latina immigrants’ reproduction is viewed as threatening to the nation-state and is thus often blatantly or covertly treated to render Latinas as “undeserving” of citizenship and the welfare state. Interestingly, however, in the context of the aging population of the U.S., there are other discourses making their way onto the scene. These discourses reveal that Latina reproduction, though much maligned, was concomitantly viewed as the solution to revitalizing the eroding lower rungs of the U.S. population pyramid. Additionally, political pundits drew on the trope of the hyperfertile Latina immigrant to construct the hopes of an eventual permanent Democratic majority, which would be facilitated by the exponential breeding of Hispanic immigrants. However, this research corroborates 2015 statistics from the Centers of Disease Control that show that Hispanic fertility is steeply declining, thus undermining the demographic and political dreams which relied on tropes of the hyperfertile Latina.
This study aims to expand conceptions of citizenship by examining reproductive healthcare as a site where risk is negotiated and borders of membership are both constructed and broken down. The lens of biological citizenship emphasizes the political nature of healthcare access and allows for analyzing Latina immigrants’ everyday experiences with reproductive health as they are shaped by state policies, anti-immigrant legislation, and gendered portrayals of illegality. In doing so, this study complicates healthcare access and draws out both the non-biological determinants and non-biological implications of this access.
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Simmonds, Naomi Beth. "Mana Wahine Geographies: Spiritual, Spatial and Embodied Understandings of Papatūānuku." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2798.
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This thesis is a theoretical and empirical exploration of Māori women's knowledges and understandings of Papatūānuku in contemporary Aotearoa. The primary focus of this research is on the complexities, connections, and contradictions of Māori women's embodied relationships with the spaces of Papatūānuku - spaces that are simultaneously material, discursive, symbolic, and spiritual. In doing so, I displace the boundaries between coloniser/colonised, self/other, rational/irrational and scientific/spiritual. I demonstrate that Māori women's colonised realities produce multiple, complex and hybrid understandings of Papatūānuku. This thesis has three main strands. The first is theoretical. I offer mana wahine (Māori feminist discourses) as another perspective for geography that engages with the complex intersections of colonisation, race and gender. A mana wahine geography framework is a useful lens through which to explore the complexities of Māori women's relationships to space and place. This framework contributes to, and draws together, feminist geographies and Māori and indigenous academic scholarship. Autobiographical material is woven with joint and individual semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with nine Māori women in the Waikato region. The second strand, woven into this thesis, is a critical examination of the colonisation of Māori women's spiritual and embodied relationships to Papatūānuku. The invisibility of Māori women's knowledges in dominant conceptualisations of mythology, tikanga and wairua discourses is not a harmless omission rather it contains a political imperative that maintains the hegemony of colonialism and patriarchy. I argue that to understand further Māori women's relationships to space and place an examination of wairua discourses is necessary. The third strand reconfigures embodied and spatial conceptualisations of Papatūānuku. Māori women's maternal bodies are intimately tied to Papatūānuku in a way that challenges the oppositional distinctions between mind/body and biology/social inscription. Māori women's maternal bodies (and the representation of them in te reo Māori) are constructed by, and in turn, construct Papatūānuku. Furthermore, women's spatial relationship to tūrangawaewae, home space and wider environmental concerns demonstrates the co-constitution of subjectivities, bodies and space/place. My hope is that this thesis will add to geographical literature by addressing previously ignored knowledges and that it will contribute to indigenous scholarship by providing a spatial perspective.
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Sjöqvist, Erika. "Struggling for gender equality in Husby : Feminist insights for a transformative urban planning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322921.
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This study explores how urban planning can adjust to goals about gender equality by assessing the ongoing project to reconstruct the center of Husby in northern Stockholm. The state-owned housing company in the area has decided to incorporate feminist perspectives in the planning and has named the project feminist urban planning. Through interviews and analysis of news- and debate articles, the study investigates how involved actors view feminist urban planning and identifies advantages and challenges within the project. Drawing on feminist urban planning theories and theories about the just city, it is concluded that feminist urban planning is about the distribution of power and to make inhabitants part of the decision-making. Additionally, the study argues that disagreement and conflict can be interpreted as part of the struggle that necessarily goes on in any process that strive to challenge and change injustices in society. However, for this struggle to go on and have a real effect on the development of the city, practices that make people’s experiences of oppression and injustices part of the decision-making in the city must be developed.
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Andersen, Amalie. "Pushing the Agenda : Struggles Towards Feminist Approaches to Urban Planning in Denmark." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42408.
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Pankl, Elisabeth Erin. "The critical geographies of Frida Kahlo." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18795.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Geography<br>Kevin Blake<br>Mexican artist and global phenomenon Frida Kahlo (1907-1954) fascinates and inspires people from all walks of life. Rather than simply approaching the life and work of Kahlo from a traditional art historical perspective, this dissertation draws from the interdisciplinary nature of critical human geography to investigate Kahlo. Specifically, this work is informed by two sub-fields of critical human geography—feminist geography and cultural geography. Kahlo’s iconic status as a feminist symbol makes feminist geography an obvious choice while cultural geography provides the dominant methodology of textual analysis. Both sub-fields are drawn together by the use of a poststructuralist theoretical foundation that views no one meaning or interpretation as fixed, but rather posits that meanings and interpretations are fluid and open to a variety of conclusions. The primary research question in this dissertation is, “How are the critical geographies of hybridity, embodiment, and glocalization developed and explored in Frida Kahlo’s art and life?”
The question is answered through the geographical exploration of Kahlo’s work, life, and iconic status as a major public figure. I delve into each of the three components of the question (hybridity, embodiment, and glocalization) by connecting geographical concepts and understandings to Kahlo and her work. I extend this exploration by arguing that Kahlo demonstrates how the self both mirrors and constructs critical geographies.
This research seeks to expand and deepen the understanding of Kahlo as a significant geographical figure—an artist who was intensely aware of people and place. Additionally, this research draws together diverse threads of geographic inquiry by highlighting the interdisciplinary and humanistic qualities of the discipline. Perhaps most importantly, this dissertation positions Kahlo as a critical geographer—defying the sometimes arbitrary and
limited notions imposed on the discipline and its practitioners. I assert that Kahlo’s work and life are inherently a lived expression of geographical ideas that manifest themselves in a physical, mental, and emotional sense. Ultimately, Kahlo constructs an embodied geographic text—creating knowledge and helping people understand identity and place in a different way.
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Funk, Minéa. "Representing Bergslagen for tourism – a post-feminist approach : Androcentric representations of the industrial heritage in central Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Turismvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28382.
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Marketing material used in promotion of industrial heritage sites for tourism creates representations of said cultural heritage. In order to increase the touristic value of the historical industrial sites marketers can create or make a place attractive through careful selection of images and texts. It is believed that simplifying the image can make it comprehensible and thus more attractive to potential visitors. However, simplifying images of heritage can result in creation of stereotypical representations. This research aimed to analyse what representations of the industrial heritage of Bergslagen, in the middle of Sweden, could be found in marketing material of tourism destinations today. Post-feminist theory was applied as a tool for analysis of the content as a contextual and critical perspective in order to interpret what meanings these representations found were conveying. By understanding the data in relation to androcentric discourse and the context of Bergslagen as a patriarchal system representations of continued polarization of gender was found. By conducting a content analysis of three destinations, Långban, Engelsbergs bruk and Axmar Bruk, four dominating themes of their representations in visual and textual promotional material were found. The narratives in the re-imagination and reproduction of the sites and their industrial heritage were also discovered during the analysis. The findings thus indicated that the marketing perpetuated stereotypes of the inherent gender roles that have existed in the past but were accentuated even through the modern mediums. As tourism is a tool for rejuvenation of industrial heritage sites it is important to note that, the need for increasing the attractiveness by consciously or unconsciously deciding which narratives should be told, marketers act as facilitators of generic ideas and impositions. When trying to simplify something as complex as a heritage, meaning can become lost in translation. The representations can become distorted, which they have in Bergslagen, according to the findings of this research. Representations can thus inform us of what is being marginalized. The understanding and interpretations of the representations can therefore become a resource in the marketing the real and genuine heritage.
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Morrison, Carey-Ann. "Intimate Geographies: Bodies, Underwear and Space in Hamilton, New Zealand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2503.
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This thesis examines the ways in which a small group of young Pākehā women use underwear to construct a range of complex gendered subjectivities. I explore how these subjectivities are influenced by both material and discursive spaces. Three underwear shops in Hamilton, New Zealand - Bendon Lingerie Outlet, Bras N Things and Farmers, and various visual representations depicting contemporary notions of normative femininity, are under investigation Feminist poststructuralist theories and methodologies provide the framework for this research. One focus group and three semi-structured interviews were conducted with young women who purchase and wear underwear. Participant observations of shoppers in Bendon Lingerie Outlet, Hamilton and autobiographical journal entries of my experiences as a retailer and consumer of underwear continued throughout the research. Advertising and promotional material in underwear shops and a DVD of a Victoria's Secret lingerie show are also examined. Three points frame the analysis. First, I argue that underwear consumption spaces are discursively constructed as feminine. The socio-political structures governing these spaces construct particular types of bodies. These bodies are positioned as either 'in' place or 'out' of place. Second, underwear shops can be understood as feminised, young and thin embodied spaces. Bodies that fit this description are hence positioned as 'in' place. However, female bodies that are 'fat' and/or old and male bodies are marginalised within the space and thus positioned as 'out' of place. Third, I consider particular forms of normative femininity by examining the ways in which underwear disciplines and contains the body. Women's underwear moulds and shapes flesh to fit contemporary feminine norms. Examining the specific relationship between the body, underwear and space provides a means to re-theorise geography and makes new ground for understanding how clothed bodies are constituted in and through space.
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Lefèvre, Manon. "“BEYOND SISTERHOOD THERE IS STILL RACISM, COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM!” NEGOTIATING GENDER, ETHNICITY AND POWER IN MADAGASCAR MANGROVE CONSERVATION." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/58.
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Understanding women’s experiences of mangrove forest conservation in the Global South is important because mangrove forests are a crucial defense against climate change, and are also increasingly the targets of global climate change policies. The intervention of postcolonial feminist theory combined with feminist political ecology has the potential to bring forward women’s seldom-heard experiences of climate change in these valuable ecosystems. This work supports previous feminist political ecology scholarship focused on understanding women’s complicated relationships to the environment and the gendered effects of climate change policies, while challenging dominant conservation discourse around women as a monolithic group. This thesis focuses on women living in Madagascar’s largest mangrove, particularly under current mangrove reforestation efforts and emerging blue carbon climate change policies. This project explores how the women in this mangrove forest are situated along axes of power differently, the implications of social divisions for conservation, and the ways in which current mangrove conservation projects reproduce power relations in the mangrove by failing to recognize difference.
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Wrangsten, Caroline. "Back to the Future: Public Space Design by Girls : A case study of #UrbanGirlsMovement in Fittja, Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169397.
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Livability, sustainability, and accessibility in urban public space are growing concerns in urban research and policy agendas. The professional field, however, lacks perspectives for public space qualities. Academic research about women and girls’ involvement in the re-design of public spaces is scarce. The Swedish suburb of Fittja in Botkyrka municipality is characterized by modernism and functionalism and at the beginning of a large refurbishment process. In 2018, think tank Global Utmaning initiated #UrbanGirlsMovement Botkyrka with the purpose of improving the public spaces of Fittja together with multiple stakeholders, particularly girls and young women from Fittja. In this case study, multiple methods and concepts from feminist urban geography and public space research are applied to examine how livability is illustrated and understood by girls and in which ways these learnings can inform urban public space policies. The results highlight ways to discharge patriarchal structures in public space using a compact and multifunctional urban form, accessible to all citizens through a variety of unprogrammed activity options, vibrant hangspace and green beautification. A feminist approach to urban livability shows the importance of understanding the diversity of perspectives to livability in public space, and that these perspectives matter for how we understand planning principles.
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Morehead, Elizabeth. "Public Policy and Sexual Geography in Portland, Oregon, 1970-2010." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/205.
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Drawing on the concept of sexual geography, this study examines the social and political meanings of sexualized spaces in the urban geography of Portland, Oregon between 1970 and 2010. This includes an examination of the sexual geography of urban spaces as a deliberate construct resulting from official and unofficial public policy and urban planning decisions. Sexual geographies, the collective and individual constructions of sexuality, are not static. Nor are definitions of deviant sexual practices fixed in the collective consciousness. Both are continuously being reshaped and reconstructed in response to changing economic structures and beliefs about sex, race and class. Primary documents are used to build a conceptual geography of sexualized spaces in Portland at points between 1970 and 2010 with an emphasis on the policy and urban planning decisions that inform the physical designations and social meanings of sexualized spaces including prostitution zones, pornography districts and gay entertainment areas.
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Kizilkan, Nurhayat. "Spaces Of Masculinities: Bachelor Rooms In Suleymaniye." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610652/index.pdf.
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This study attempts to understand the relational formation of masculine identites and masculine spaces in the construction and production of masculinities by looking at the notion of &ldquo<br>bachelor&rdquo<br>and the socio-spatial reflections of &ldquo<br>bachelorship&rdquo<br>, a particular case of manliness in Turkish context, in the case of &ldquo<br>bachelor rooms&rdquo<br>in Sü<br>leymaniye district in Eminö<br>nü<br>, Istanbul from the perspective of feminist geography. Neighborhoods gendered with bachelor rooms situated near the commercial heart of the big cities as a sociological and historical phenomenon in Turkish urban context have been christalized reflections of segregated heterosexual gender structure of the society being these neighborhoods the performative spaces of masculinities for centuries. This study also tries to relate the bachelor rooms with traditional single male migration from rural to urban. These neighborhoods provide space for the performance of different masculinities and they function for young provincial men as a kind of &ldquo<br>rite of passage&rdquo<br>for various kinds of social transitions. The knowledge of migration, of masculinities, and of space related to these transitions is accumulated in the homo-social spaces of the district and constantly recirculated through migrant bachelors among the local traditional masculinities. Masculinities of not only the immigrants from rural, but of urban space, including space bounded masculinities specific to the district have been categorized from the perspective of hegemonic masculinity concept and concluded that the construction of hegemonic type of masculinity with contestations and discourses through performances, representations and the power relations influences the transformation of space and are influenced by these spaces of masculinities.
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Laketa, Sunčana. "The Geopolitics Of Daily Life In Mostar, Bosnia And Herzegovina." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556443.
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Nearly twenty years after the brutal conflict that occurred in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), ethnosectarian ideology continues to permeate all structures and institutions of Bosnian society, from political and educational institutions to religious and cultural ones; most of all, it is significantly embodied in the everyday life of people in Bosnia. It is these everyday practices that I investigate in order to unravel how ethnicity is (re)produced, performed and experienced through mundane practices of moving through space. Specifically, this dissertation asks: What socio-spatial practices and emotional experiences are involved in the processes of solidifying, as well as dissolving, ethnic identity in BiH? The study is a primarily qualitative investigation of daily life, based on deployment of multiple methods such as participant observation, interviews and a photography project. The site of the study is the town of Mostar in southwestern BiH. It has been formally and informally divided between "Croat/Catholic" west Mostar and "Bosniak/Muslim" east Mostar for over 15 years. The findings point to the ways identity and space emerge as performative effects of practice, as well as how different processes of bordering (between "us" and "them"; between "our" and "their" side) are materialized through different affective intensities.
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Jacobsen, Malene H. "UNSETTLING REFUGE: SYRIAN REFUGEES’ ACCOUNT OF LIFE IN DENMARK." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/62.
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This doctoral dissertation examines the lived experiences of refuge in Denmark from the perspectives of Syrian refugees. Situated within feminist political geography, it moves beyond examining geopolitics merely from the perspective of the law, the state, and policy makers. Instead, it seeks to grasp the ways in which geopolitics are encountered, experienced, and negotiated on the ground – by the people who are most affected by state policies and practices. It draws on more than ten months of ethnographic fieldwork in Denmark with Syrian refugees, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and participant observations, as well as interviews with state and non-state actors providing assistance to Syrian refugees in Jordan. This dissertation brings insights from feminist political geography into conversation with those from critical refugee studies, border studies, geographies of law, and postcolonial studies in order to unsettle core ideas and terms of reference surrounding what refuge is and how it is practiced.
This dissertation makes three distinct but closely related arguments. First, focusing on family reunification of refugees and how this form of protection became a target in the Danish state’s efforts to prevent refugee immigration, I argue that the geopolitics of refuge needs to be examined in a way that includes but also moves beyond the actual territorial border line as well as the legal border (i.e. the moment a person obtains protection and legal status). Second, through an examination of Syrian refugees’ everyday encounters with the Danish state, I draw attention to the disjunctures between idealized notions of refuge with its ostensible ‘humanitarian’ ethos and the practical articulations of refuge as manifested in the everyday lived experiences of refugees. This is what I term lived refuge. I argue, however, that the dissonances between idealized and actually existing refuge point to the persistent presence of governance within refuge, rather than a lack or an absence of ‘true’ humanitarianism - i.e. a promise of freedom, betterment, and prospect that did not fully materialize. Instead, the state practices, which refugees are subject to within refuge, are enabled and normalized through the asymmetrical relationships between the state and the refugee. Third, calling attention to how Syrian refugees experience, articulate and locate war, I trouble prevailing geographical imaginations of “Europe” and Denmark as spaces of peace, safety, and prosperity. Drawing on Syrians’ experiences of war, I argue that attending to everyday experiences of war in refuge prompts a re-articulation of where war is, what counts as war, and who decides.
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Saarensilta, Timo. "When fear makes the decision : A qualitative study on female student’s perception of safety In the campus of University of Dar es Salaam." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99328.
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This bachelor thesis had the aim to investigate how young female students experience their safety situation in their own neighbourhood, around the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. Previous research shows that women tend to feel more fear of crime in public spaces than men, and this feeling is restricting their mobility in time and space. This gender structure is a worldwide phenomenon and is by feminist geographers explained as an expression of the patriarchy. A phenomenological approach was used in this research to gain an understanding of how this gender structure is affecting individual female’s lives. The used method was focus group interviews and two groups were interviewed, with totally seven respondents. The sessions were analysed by using constructivist grounded theory and partly narrative analysis. The interviewees explained that there were certain spaces that they experience as dangerous, foremost dark places without visibility and few people passing. They also stated that places where people had been robbed, raped or kidnapped earlier were more threating. The potential criminal was portrayed as a non-student male, and the male students were described as their potential protectors. The fear was always present in their lives, they felt more or less unsafe in all parts of the campus and even in their homes. This threat restricted their daily mobility in both time and space, and they used different strategies to avoid different types of crimes.
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Flowerday, Kate. "Gender, Mobilities and Public Transport: Exploring the daily mobilities of women in Rosengård since the arrival of the train." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21941.
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This thesis is an exploration of gendered daily mobilities amongst local women in Rosengård since the inauguration of the new train station and railway service into the district. Implementing a feminist, qualitative and explorative approach to mobilities, the research poses three principal questions: how women are using public transport in their daily mobilities; what restrictions they are facing in these mobilities; and finally, the extent to which the new Rosengård train station is working towards social cohesion in Malmö. Integrating a theoretical framework of mobility justice with the methodological praxis of time-space geography, the research conducts in-depth travel itinerary diaries with five participating women which are subsequently visualised through a feminist application of qualitative GIS. What results is an examination and visualisation of the participants’ relationships with diverse mobilities throughout Malmö, and ultimately the heavy dependencies these women have on the public transport system to pursue activities and opportunities as part of a happy, fulfilling life. A critical application of space-time geography theory is illustrated within three critical considerations of gendered daily mobilities: temporal, spatial, and those relating to wider concerns of social exclusion. To quote Törsten Hägerstrand (1970), these considerations together formulate an intricate “net of constraints” that capture the life paths of women in their daily mobilities. Ultimately, the research suggests that Station Rosengård has yet to radically expand the mobility opportunities of women in the district, and thus its objective of regional social cohesion – and a step towards reducing wider inequity in public health - in the form of heightened connectivity has been challenged and problematised.
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Nichols, Carly Ellen. "Hidden Hunger: A Political Ecology of Food and Nutrition in the Kumaon Hills." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/321600.
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Recently, India has come under increasing scrutiny for its failure to improve food and nutrition security (FNS). Prominent governmental and nongovernmental development strategies addressing FNS include promoting horticultural crops to increase incomes, distributing food, and providing nutritional education. These programs, however, have seen mixed results. Analyzing qualitative data collected in the summer of 2013, this paper examines programs in Uttarakhand, India where hunger has been eradicated, yet malnutrition persists. I suggest that the intersection of horticultural development with existing gendered labor practices helps explain why malnutrition remains a problem despite high program functionality. Specifically, I find that inequitable gendered labor burdens are largely responsible for poor eating practices and lowered nutritional levels. I argue that interventions to improve FNS reinscribe and legitimize these burdens by promulgating a discourse situating the problem with women, whose lack of education or poor time management is seen as the source of the problem. Additionally, I find that horticultural development leads to increased reliance on market-based foods, which villagers find less nutritious. Following Mansfield (2011) I employ the concept of food as a “vector of intercorporeality” (Stassart and Whatmore 2003:449) to unpack why health perceptions are entwined in shifting landscapes of agricultural production and food consumption. I bring this conceptualization into conversation with the notion of social reproduction, investigating the human and nonhuman bodies that produce economic, ecological, and health outcomes. I argue that who, or what, these bodies are and the relations in which they are entangled matter to both material and social concerns.
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Davis, K. Octavia. "Geographies of the (M)other : narratives of geography and eugenics in turn-of-the-century British culture /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9835399.
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Hierofani, Patricia Yocie. ""How dare you talk back?!" : Spatialised Power Practices in the Case of Indonesian Domestic Workers in Malaysia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305651.
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By taking the experiences and narratives of Indonesian women in Malaysia as the empirical material, this dissertation offers an analysis on spatialised power practices in the context of paid domestic workers. Family survival prompts these women to work abroad, but patriarchal norms shift their economic contribution as supplementary to the men’s role as the breadwinner. The interviews reveal that these women chose Malaysia as their destination country after having listened to oral stories, but despite the transnational mobility involved in their decisions, they are rendered immobile in the employers’ house. Furthermore, the analysis shows an intricate ensemble of power relations in which gender, class and nationality/ethnicity interact with each other, inform and reproduce spatialised domination and labour exploitation practices by the employers. Immigration status of the workers, meanwhile, puts them in a subordinated position in relation to the employers, citizens of the host country. Without the recognition from the state on this particular form of embodied labour, the employers are responsible for defining the working conditions of the workers, leading to precarious conditions. Findings on several resistance practices by the workers complete the analysis of power practices, where resistance is treated as an entangled part of power. Contributing to the study of gendered geographies of exploitation, the study identifies the home and the body as the main levels of analysis; meanwhile, practices at the national level by the state, media and recruitment/placement agencies and globalisation processes are identified as interrelated factors that legitimate the employers’ practices of exploitation. Finally, the dissertation contributes to feminist geography analysis on gender, space, and power through South-South migration empirics.
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Ingmansson, Ida. "Women and Water Governance in Peri-Urban settlements : A case study from the community Caltongo in Mexico City." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157990.
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Water insecurity is one of the biggest socio-environmental challenges of our time. As water gets scarce, already disempowered groups become further marginalized. Throughout the last decades “good” water governance has been presented by global institutions and organizations as a key concept to render water management more effective, sustainable and democratic. However, general theories of “good” governance have been criticized for being gender-blind and for failing to recognize how governance is adopted at a local level, leading to different outcomes for people based on their social identity. The aim of this thesis is to identify water governance arrangements in Caltongo, a peri-urban community in Mexico City, and analyze what outcomes these arrangements have for women. The thesis builds on a feminist political ecology framework that cuts through both theory and method. Empirical data is collected through semi-structured interviews with women and community leaders in Caltongo. The analysis builds on a model that uses three concepts to define governance: resources, mechanisms and outcomes. The results of this analysis show that the strategies that women in Caltongo draw from to access water are based around political involvement, cash payment for water services and social networks. The outcomes are different for different women depending on their ability to use these strategies.
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Hanrahan, Kelsey B. "Living Care-fully: Labor, Love and Suffering and the Geographies of Intergenerational Care in Northern Ghana." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/40.
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Care is socially constructed, shaped by expectations embedded within particular relationships and the culturally-specific understandings of what it means to work, love and suffer. In this dissertation, I conceptualize care as a fundamental component of everyday life in which individuals are oriented towards the needs of others. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a rural Konkomba community in northern Ghana, I explore the geographies of care shaping the everyday experiences of women engaged in intergenerational relationships as they encounter emerging dependencies associated with ageing. Dependencies emerge when an individual requires support and care from another, and in turn the struggles for, and the provision of this support has material and emotional implications for those involved. I make three primary contributions. First, I examine the potential for a feminist ethics of care within livelihoods approaches in order to destabilize notions of independence and material outcomes, arguing that livelihood strategies are characterized by interdependencies within families and communities. Second, I contribute to an understanding of the politics of care by considering women's mobility in the face of competing demands on their labor and resources. Despite responsibilities to provide a 'good death', women experience social and material hurdles to negotiate their mobility in order to provide end of life care to a parent. Third, I explore the embodied emotional experiences of elderly women as they experience dependencies and struggle to engage in material exchange and caring relationships. As a result of these emergence of dependencies, women's everyday lives are deeply shaped by experiences of love and suffering. In northern Ghana, as in other rural agrarian communities in developing regions, the elderly population is growing and a weak formal care infrastructure is ill-prepared to face the pressures of an ageing population. Through this dissertation, I highlight the complex geographies of care shaping everyday life experiences and contribute to an understanding of the particular issues faced by communities where intergenerational relationships are key to lives lived with care.
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Johnson, Elissa J. ""Don't Tell Them I Eat Weeds," A Study Of Gatherers Of Wild Edibles In Vermont Through Intersectional Identities." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/730.
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As wild edibles gain in popularity both on restaurant menus and as a form of recreation through their collection, research on contemporary foragers/wildcrafters/gatherers of wild edibles has so increased from varied disciplinary perspectives. Through an exploration of gatherers in Vermont, I examine the relationships between practice and identity. By employing intersectionality through feminist ethnographic methods, this research recognizes the complex intersections of individuals' identities that challenge a more simplified, additive approach to definitions of race, class, gender and the myriad identities that inform one's experience of privilege and oppression. As prior scholarship has established, people from diverse ethnicities, genders, religions, class affiliations, rural and urban livelihoods, and ages gather wild edibles. This thesis draws connections between the intersectional identities of gatherers and the diversity of their gathering practices.
This project includes a discussion of how intersectionality may be applied and employed as analytical theory and as methodological foundation to better approach connections between identity and practice. Key questions driving the analysis are: what are the intersectional identities of gatherers of wild edibles in Vermont, and to what extent are these intersectional identities informing, or informed by, harvest and post-harvest practices? This research contributes to scholarship on foragers from a qualitative methodological perspective and attempts to support the body of literature on intersectionality as methodology as well as research that focuses on the connections between people, practice, and wild foods.
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Garord, Lucian Madalin. "Opportunities for Change : The impact of putting marginalized user groups first in urban redesign." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-162243.
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This thesis aims at discovering how the city of Oslo can use an opportunity in rebuilding its city centre and begin to include the voices and opinions of marginalised communities that were otherwise previously ignored in planning processes. The theory and approach utilised throughout this thesis is feminist urban planning and gender mainstreaming because the two call for the equality and intersectionality so to appropriately rebuild cities with the needs of many in mind. As such, my hypotheses are that the car free centre will not improve the quality of life for marginalised user groups and the lack of gender mainstreaming policy has negatively impacted the five pilot project areas. Three methodologies have been employed: observations of the five pilot projects, interviews or questionnaires to stakeholders, and secondary analysis of literature. The results from the observations were varied, with some examples of gender mainstreaming practices implemented while others fell short and safety of users was questioned. Some practitioners had knowledge on feminist urban planning theory, whilst others had vague ideas of what it meant and how it was implementable in practice. To conclude, implementing gender mainstreaming policies would have gravely assisted the five pilot projects.
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Spangler, Ian. "“ONE MORE WAY TO SELL NEW ORLEANS”: AIRBNB AND THE COMMODIFICATION OF AUTHENTICITY THROUGH LOCAL EMOTIONAL LABOR." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/57.
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Since 2014, Airbnb has been the poster-child for an impassioned debate over how to best regulate short-term home rentals (STR’s) in New Orleans, Louisiana. As critical perspectives toward on-demand economic practice become increasingly common, it is important to understand how the impacts of STR platforms like Airbnb extend beyond the realm of what is traditionally conceptualized as the economic (i.e., pressure on housing markets). In this thesis, I explore the ways in which Airbnb recalibrates the spatial and temporal rhythms of everyday neighborhood life for people external to the formal trappings of an STR contract. Drawing in particular on theories of authenticity and feminist political economy, I argue that locals’ emotional labor of “playing host” is necessarily enrolled into the creation of value for Airbnb, and is essential to the reproduction of the platform’s business model and marketing rhetoric.
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Anneroth, Emelie. "Gender Renovation : A case study analysis of the feminist urban development project #UrbanGirlsMovement discussing gender-transformative urban planning techniques as a means for more equal cities." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170180.
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This thesis is a case study analysis of the feminist urban development project #UrbanGirlsMovement discussing how gender-transformative urban planning techniques impact local girls in the Million Dwellings Program area Fittja south of Stockholm. The thesis draws on a theoretical framework of feminist geography, intersectionality, and territorial stigmatization to analyze narratives from eleven girls participating in #UrbanGirlsMovement. The girls’ narratives reveal that it has been an empowering experience to be part of an urban development process as it has enabled them to recognize their own abilities. By re-evaluating the role of the planner to take on a more facilitating role, the girls shouldered the role of experts. It legitimized the girls’ ideas and designs, enabling them both to recognize and to use their own agency. Additionally, the process of redesigning a familiar place enabled the girls to regenerate the meaning of the urban public space around Fittja to mirror their own subjective spatial identities. The thesis shows that intersectional planning tools that transform, rather than inform, power and spatial oppression are crucial when renewing the Million Dwellings Program of Swedish suburbs. #UrbanGirlsMovement shows that a planning process is more than physical designs, it is as much a tool for enhanced democracy, equality, and justice in cities.
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Beymer, Betsy Anne. "Women's views on the political ecology of fuelwood use in the West Usambara Mountains, Tanzania." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1121958339.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Geography, 2005.<br>Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], vi, 99 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-93).
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Caetano, Geani Nene. "DINÂMICA DEMOGRÁFICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA MARIA/RS: O ESTUDO ACERCA DAS RELAÇÕES DE CONJUGALIDADE ATRAVÉS DOS CONTEXTOS DO PATRIARCADO E DO ESPAÇO PARADOXAL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9413.
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This dissertation aims to understand the demographic dynamics of the city of Santa Maria/RS through the focus on gender and conjugal relations. Thus, it intended to, as a main objective, understand the gender relations/relationships through the patriarchate and paradoxical space contexts, which are concepts of primal importance for Feminist Geography and Gender Studies. The research has the following specific objectives: a) to spatialize the analysis of demographic dynamics in Santa Maria/RS, focusing on the different values of the demographic data (finance, literacy, household heads, the proportion of population by sex gender), according to the 2010 census; b) to achieve interpretations for the correlations between census data on the quality and perception of women which live in the spatial area obtained in the goal "a" c) to interpret the population dynamics through the conjugal relations/relationships, considering the social conditions of women at Agroindustrial Street, spatial area of study. Methodologically, the research steps are grounded on interpretations offered by interviews with women that live in that neighborhood, in order to express their experiences. Among the study results, it emphasizes the maintenance of patriarchal conceptions in the interviewees‟ speech, even though most of them were already have inserted in the labor market and access to educational improvement.<br>A presente dissertação pretende compreender a dinâmica demográfica do município de Santa Maria/RS mediante o enfoque das relações de gênero e de conjugalidade. Dessa maneira, procura-se, como objetivo geral, entender as relações de gênero através dos contextos do patriarcado e do espaço paradoxal, conceitos de exímia importância para a Geografia Feminista e estudos de Gênero. A investigação apresenta como objetivos específicos: a) espacializar a análise da dinâmica demográfica em Santa Maria/RS enfocando os diferentes valores dos dados demográficos (renda, alfabetização, chefes de domicílio, proporção da população por sexo), conforme bairro pelo Censo 2010; b) Buscar interpretações das correlações de dados censitários na qualidade e percepção das mulheres que vivem o recorte espacial obtido no objetivo a ; c) Interpretar a dinâmica populacional através das relações de conjugalidade, considerando as condições sociais das mulheres do Bairro Agroindustrial, recorte espacial de estudo. Metodologicamente, as etapas da pesquisa estão alicerçadas em interpretações oferecidas pela realização de entrevistas com mulheres residentes no referido bairro, visando expressar suas vivências. Entre os resultados do estudo, ressalta-se a permanência de concepções patriarcais na fala das entrevistadas, mesmo que grande parte delas já estivesse inserida no mercado de trabalho e no acesso ao aprimoramento educacional.
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Thomsen, Yasmin Reuben Adler. "Understanding the Emotional Geographies of Migrant Women in Copenhagen using Photo Elicitation." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43833.
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With a tense political landscape with stigmatizing discourse about migrants and so-called migrant ghettos, alongside continuous indications of gender imbalances in public spaces in Copenhagen, a focus on migrant women was chosen. The thesis takes its outset in a photo project conducted in Kringlebakken, an integration house in Copenhagen. Six migrant women participated and were asked to photograph the city through their eyes, meaning taking photos of their everyday lives and places they wanted to show and talk about in the following photo elicitation interviews. With agency and empowerment as key values the women navigated the conversation and shared experiences about their everyday lives. Concepts of intersectionality, the everyday and emotional geographies were applied through a feminist lens, highlighting the role emotions play in shaping our perception of spaces. From an inductive approach two themes were found: 1) green spaces and 2) everyday practices and challenges. The women shared peaceful moments and embodied experiences in nature both with themselves, with their children and their family. The green spaces evoked gratitude, appreciation and peace and had a general restorative effect in their everyday life. Their appreciation mainly stems from previous experiences in their home countries where urban green areas are not as accessible. Furthermore green spaces become a space where the women can get a break from the everyday chores. In contrast, the experiences shared about the everyday spaces and practices included language barriers, discrimination and feelings of exclusion. The added hindrances to urban life brings a level of discomfort in their everyday lives and it is here that Kringlebakken plays an essential role as an inclusive space in the women’s lives. Highlighting these embodied experiences adds nuances to a heterogeneous group that is often depicted as a homogeneous group.
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Curran, Grace M. "Something in Our Souls Above Fried Chicken: On Meaningful Feminist Action in Food Justice Movements." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1408104622.
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Doria, Ashley N. "Exploring the Existence of Women's Emotional Agency in Climate Change Livelihood Adaptation Strategies: A Case-study of Maasai Women in Northern Tanzania." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1438952018.
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Nilsson, Aila. "INCLUDING HERSTORY IN HISTORY -A gender-based policy analysis of Participatory Rangeland Management in relation to Participation, Influence and Empowerment." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85168.
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This thesis examines how preparatory, policy and review documents of the Participatory Rangeland Management (PRM) in East Africa, problematize and represent the ‘problems’ which resulted in the design of the development program. The focus is on how these problematizations can hinder or facilitate participation, influence and empowerment of women and marginalized groups in decision-making processes. The findings are based on a gender-based policy analysis undertaken of five documents written by the NGOs involved in the planning and implementation of PRM in Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. A conceptual framework measuring the level of participation, empowerment and influence was constructed to assess the policies and their possible outcomes. The document analysis showed that the implicit ‘problem’ themes identified appeared to be that communities were unmodern, undeveloped, and had under-representation of women and pastoralists in rangeland management. These problematizations seem to originate from a development discourse characterized by solutions focussing on ‘modernization’ and ‘technical fixes’. These pre-conceived ideas of the ’problems’ call for more communication and inclusion of community groups in problem formulation and program design. The analysis further revealed that expert-assisted and gender-mainstreaming initiatives such as the PRM could have a positive impact on the level of participation, influence, and empowerment of women. When training was carried out for both women and men by the PRM to raise awareness of women’s rights, it resulted in an increased number of women participating in activities. However, gender-mainstreaming should not stop with participation, it should be further developed towards influence and empowerment. The PRM could consider promoting a change of power relations by combining efforts to demonstrate the benefits of meaningful consultations to decision-makers and efforts to enhance the knowledge and skills of marginalized groups so that they can better engage with these decision-makers. Furthermore, there is a need to expand the discussion on how to design gender-mainstreaming policies and practices, without labelling women as one.
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Kinslow, Karen S. "THE LAW V. THE STRANGER LANGUAGE INTERPRETATION AND LEGAL SPACE IN LEXINGTON, KY." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/1067.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kentucky, 2009.<br>Title from document title page (viewed on October 27, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains: viii, 99 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-97).
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Berg, Mikaela, and Mikaela Wallinder. "Fear in Everyday Life - A Qualitative Study on the Everyday Routines of Burundian and Congolese Women Residing in Tanzanian Refugee Camps." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23470.
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This master thesis is based on a field study, conducted in Lugufu 1 and Mtabila 1 refugee camps in Kigoma, western Tanzania, where we held twenty-eight interviews with Congolese and Burundian refugee women. The Congolese and Burundian refugees have fled to Tanzania due to long-lasting conflicts in Congo and Burundi respectively; most arrived in mid-1990s. Thereby, the camps are no longer in phases of emergency and refugees have, since long, established everyday routines and habits that shape their everyday lives; our main interests lie in these. Accordingly, our aim with this study has been to attain a deepened understanding of how these refugee women experience their everyday lives with regards to safety. Since the women themselves were the narrators, security-related problems connected to firewood collection were, inevitably, frequently brought up and are therefore given much space throughout the study. Of great importance for the study is the Sphere Project, in particular the three Cross-Cutting issues - Gender, Environment, and Security – which are all, we believe, intimately related to Feminist Geography. Moreover, our purpose has been to interpret the answers given by these refugee women through arguments and concepts included in Feminist Geography and thereby enable new ways of understanding how, for example, the physical environment affects the everyday routines of refugee women. Furthermore, as several feminist geographers (who, to this date, mainly have focused on western, urban areas) approach women’s fear by looking at the prevailing social and power structures, such structures have also been given much space in our study. Consequently, our study sheds light on security-related issues, which refugee women face in their everyday lives. From the results found in our study, we believe, that if feminist geographers were to include refugee women residing in a non-western, rural context, they would stand to gain a broadened knowledge of how different women experience and are affected by fear and safety.