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Belichesky-Larson, Jennifer. "Living Learning Communities: An Intervention in Keeping Women Strong in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2013. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/221.
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The purpose of this study was to expand on the current research pertaining to women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors, better understand the experiences of undergraduate women in the sciences, identify barriers to female persistence in their intended STEM majors, and understand the impact of the STEM co-educational Living Learning Community (LLC) model on female persistence. This study employed a mixed-methods approach that was grounded in standpoint methodology. The qualitative data were collected through focus groups and one-on-one interviews with the female participants and was analyzed through a critical feminist lens utilizing standpoint methodology and coded utilizing inductive analysis. The quantitative data were collected and analyzed utilizing a simple statistical analysis of key academic variables indicative of student success: cumulative high school GPAs, SAT scores, first year cumulative GPAs, freshman persistence patterns in the intended major, and freshman retention patterns at the university. The findings of this study illustrated that the co-educational LLC model created an inclusive academic and social environment that positively impacted the female participants‟ experiences and persistence in STEM. The findings also found the inclusion of men in the community aided in the demystification of male superiority in the sciences for the female participants. This study also highlighted the significance of social identity in the decision making process to join a science LLC.
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Lavorata, PhD Dr Reagan Lorraine. "Science Technology Engineering Math (STEM) Classes and Females' Career Choices." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3353.
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Females have been discouraged from taking science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) classes during high school and college, resulting in limited access to high-paying STEM careers. Therefore, these females could miss opportunities for these high-paying careers. The rationale of this research was to quantify the relationship between the number of STEM classes the sampled females took, the number of female role models they had during high school and college, their career choices, and salaries. The theoretical construct was based on Erikson's social developmental theory, which postulates a relationship between earlier life events and later life events, and Acker's masculinity theory, which postulates that females in traditionally male fields may be uneasy performing functions opposite to what they naturally perform. Key questions examined the relationships between STEM classes, role models, career choices, and salaries. The sample was a stratified random sample (n = 48) of female alumnae of 4 universities, born after 1980. Data were collected from a designed online instrument, validated by a pilot. The data were analyzed with a multiple regression and an analysis of variance. The findings revealed a significant relationship between the number of STEM classes, career choices and salary. However, there was no significance found between the numbers of role models, career choices and salary The implication for social change is that by making scholars in the fields of education and management aware about the relationship between the number of STEM classes taken, career choices, and salaries, females can be more encouraged to become interested in STEM courses earlier in life, making it more likely they will choose STEM careers This can be accomplished through scholarly journals, which hopefully will improve perceptions of the STEM abilities of females.
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Matza, Alexis Ruth. "The Boston "T" party: masculinity, testosterone therapy, and embodiment among aging men and transgender men." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/252.
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This research explores the relationship between testosterone and conceptions of masculinity and maleness in North America. The purpose of this study was to discover how men's experiences and enactments of their own masculinity and maleness add dimensions to cultural tropes of masculinity. Aging men (ages 39-75) and transgender men (male-identified, though not born biological men), illuminate the extent to which masculinity and maleness are a cultural achievement, enacted in concert with both cultural mores and individual desires. The research is based on over 27 months of fieldwork, in and around Boston, Massachusetts, using the methods of participant observation, semi-structured interviewing, and discourse analysis. I interviewed of 21 aging men and 24 transgender men. Men responded to semi-structured questions on their identity, experiences of living within their bodies, and understandings of testosterone as an object, commodity, and metaphor. Part commodity, part multi-faceted symbol, testosterone at once establishes, maintains, and enforces a coherently embodied gender.
This comparative research suggests that we cannot fully understand the complexity of experiential gender identity without first unpacking the multiple elements of identity (e.g., cultural ideals, individual performances, and biological bodies) which come together in a single human being. This dissertation exposes cultural ideals of masculinity, and shows how men work with, and against, these ideals in constructing their own identities. This research shows that men have enduring and particularistic relationships with their own bodies which both reflect and challenge dominant stereotypes of the male body. I articulate strategies for aging men and transgender men to simultaneously identify and disidentify with cultural masculinity, demonstrating the shifting relevance of cultural masculinity in men's actual gendered lives. This work coins the term "maskulinity," the act of men utilizing cultural notions of masculinity to pass as men at will. I argue that in their acceptance and rejection of cultural masculinity, men in turn modify U.S. understandings of masculinity. This dissertation illuminates striking similarities between aging men and transgender men, showing how these men live in and through their bodies.
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Öhman, May-Britt. "Taming Exotic Beauties : Swedish Hydro Power Constructions in Tanzania in the Era of Development Assistance, 1960s - 1990s." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Filosofi och teknikhistoria, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4426.
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This study analyses the history of a large hydroelectric scheme – the Great Ruaha power project in Tanzania. The objective is to establish why and how this specific scheme came about, and as part of this to identify the key actors involved in the decision-making process, including the ideological contexts within which they acted. Although the Tanzanian actors and the World Bank (IBRD) are discussed, main focus is on the Swedish actors on project level.Kidatu, the first phase of the Great Ruaha power project (constructed between1970-1975), became the first large-scale hydropower station in Tanzania. As such, it paved the way for Tanzanian entrance into the Big Dam Era and significant changes within the Tanzanian landscape. As well as the dry river bed at Kidatu, and the small reservoir that precedes it, the Great Ruaha power project also involved the creation of a huge artificial lake, the Mtera reservoir. The Kidatu hydropower station was the first large undertaking within Swedish bilateral aid, and implied the takeover of control of hydropower construction in Tanzania by Swedish enterprises, replacing the enterprises of the former colonial power. A hydropower plant is a complex technoscientific artefact. The construction of a hydropower plant is preceded by a large number of technological choices, scientific prestudies and estimations of costs and revenues. A hydropower plant is also a complex social creation, and is as such filled with social actors engaged in conflicts, compromises and power structures. The decision to construct Kidatu hydropower station was a result of negotiations and activities within what is called “development assistance”. This brings in yet another dimension, the political one, involving export and import of technology, foreign capital, and foreign influence in decision-making processes, as well as ideas about how to bring development and progress to a people supposed to be living in “poverty and misery”. The study is divided into three main parts. The first part analyses the context of Swedish development assistance in the support to the construction of hydropower plants. This part discusses Swedish state-supported hydropower exploitation of indigenous people’s territory within Sweden’s borders in the 20th century and the background of Swedish development assistance, from the 1950s to the early 1960s. The second part analyses the event of Swedish development assistance entering Tanzania and the Great Ruaha power project, with the main focus being on the period 1965 – 1970. The third part is an analysis of the technoscientific basis for the decisions taken to implement the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme. Main focus is on the period 1969-1974, discussed against the backdrop of precolonial and colonial studies. While focus is on the 1960s and 1970s, in both part two and three events in the 1980s and 1990s are discussed. The study shows that although Sweden was not a colonial power in Tanzania, colonial imagery, and relations to the colonial era, as well as Sweden’s background of internal colonialisation, exerted an influence on the decision-making process and the actors involved in the Great Ruaha power project.The study is mainly based on archival sources, complemented with oral sources from Tanzania and Sweden. Recognizing the complexity of large-scale hydropower and the attempts to control watercourses that large scale hydropower necessitates, in the specific context of decolonisation and development assistance that the decision-making process behind the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme reveals, the analysis of the actors involved is based on feminist and postcolonial perspectives.QC 20100825
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Grahn, Wera. "”Känn dig själf” : Genus, historiekonstruktion och kulturhistoriska museirepresentationer." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7271.
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I den här avhandlingen undersöks hur privilegierade representationer av femininitet och maskulinitet tar sig uttryck och konstrueras i samtida museipraktiker med fokus på Nordiska museet i Stockholm. Studien visar hur dessa musealt imaginära representationer samverkar med intersektionella aspekter som klass, etnicitet, nationalitet och sexualitet. Avhandlingen diskuterar också epistemologiska och ontologiska frågor om hur historiska narrativ skapas och hur museala artefakter kan förstås. Huvudargumentet är att de dominerande representationerna skapas med hjälp av en reducerad matris av stereotypa skript för kön, klass, etnicitet, nationalitet såväl som sexualitet, vilket kan ses som uttryck för en fallogocentrisk betydelseekonomi. Denna undersökning av samtida skript på Nordiska museet har använt teoretiska tankegångar och analytiska redskap från de överlappande kunskapsfälten sexual difference, queer- och sexualitetsforskning, genus/könsmaktforskning, kvinnohistorisk forskning, maskulinitetsforskning, postkolonial feministisk forskning, samt feminist studies of science and technology. Ett pluralistisk feministisk nomadologisk metateoretiskt ramverk har skapats för att analysera och försöka förstå det empiriska materialet utifrån de nämnda teorierna. Världen och däribland museernas verksamhet är så komplex och mångfasetterad att många olika genusteoretiska ingångar krävs för att kunna läsa och förstå olika gestaltningar. I avhandlingen ritas en översiktskarta över de fallogocentriska museala skripten upp bredvid vilken en partiellt situerad terrängkarta placeras som kastar ljus över det musealt imaginära.This study investigates how privileged representations of femininity and masculinity are created in contemporary work at The Swedish National Museum of Cultural History, Nordiska museet, in Stockholm. The thesis shows how these representations closely intersect with the museal imaginaries of class, ethnicity, nationality and sexuality. The study gives rise to ontological questions of how historical narratives are produced and how museal artifacts are apprehended. The main argument is that the dominating representations are created through a reduced matrix of stereotyped scripts for gender, class, ethnicity, nationality and sexuality that can be understood as reflections of a phallogocentric order. This exploration of contemporary scripts at Nordiska museet is performed with analytic tools from the overlapping fields of sexual difference, queer and sexuality studies, gender studies, women’s studies, masculinity studies, post colonial feminist studies and feminist studies of science and technology. A pluralistic feministinformed nomadological metatheoretical frame is used as an umbrella to embrace these theoretical approaches. The complexity of the social world and of a museum demand different theories to be applied to different situations. A general map of the phallogocentric museal scripts is drawn, besides which a partial and locally accounted one is juxtaposed that gives shape to the museal imaginary.
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Schütze, Sven. "Biologische Evolutionstheorie." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-220911.
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Biologische Evolutionstheorie erklärt die sukzessive Veränderung von Arten durch Vererbung und wurde erstmalig von Charles Darwin umfassend formuliert. Die Rezeption durch die Genderforschung umfasst diskursanalytische Studien und die Methodenkritik feministischer Biowissenschaftler_innen. Konkrete Bezugspunkte stellen dabei die sexuelle Selektion, naturalisierende Thesen der Soziobiologie und der evolutionären Psychologie sowie die Rolle des Essentialismus in der Evolutionstheorie Darwins dar.
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Pelaez, Bronwen Bares. "Examining the Relationships between Gender Role Congruity, Identity, and the Choice to Persist for Women in Undergraduate Physics Majors." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3509.
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Persistent gender disparity limits the available contributors to advancing some science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. While higher education can be an influential time-point for ensuring adequate participation, many physics programs across the U.S. have few women in classroom or lab settings. Prior research indicates that these women face considerable barriers. For university students, faculty, and administration to appropriately address these issues, it is important to understand the experiences of women as they navigate male-dominated STEM fields.
This explanatory sequential mixed methods study explored undergraduate female physics majors’ experiences with their male-dominated academic and research spaces in the U.S. The conceptual framework consisted of physics identity, gender role congruity, assumptions about the “ideal” scientist, and self-reported plans to persist in the field (measured by bachelor’s degree completion, graduate school plans, and physics-related career plans). Utilizing the American Physical Society (APS) 2016 Conferences for Undergraduate Women in Physics (CUWiP) pre-conference survey data, responses from 900 females were analyzed using regressions followed by 18 semi-structured interviews with CUWiP sample participants.
Physics identity was highly predictive of participants’ self-reported persistence plans. A factor analysis revealed that gender role congruity is comprised of three distinct social roles: extrinsic agentic (e.g., power, financial rewards, status), intrinsic agentic (e.g., self-direction, demonstrating skills, independence), and communal (e.g., working with people, helping others). Intrinsic agency was highly correlated with physics identity and long-term persistence (graduate school and career), and communal roles were negatively correlated with students’ short-term persistence (undergraduate physics degree completion). Extrinsic agency was correlated with neither identity nor persistence.
The 18 interviews were phenomenographically analyzed revealing that participants experience relationships with the conceptual framework in five qualitatively different ways, called categories of experience. These categories are: The Assured, The Solitary, The Communal, The Reflective, and The Ambassadors. The categories elaborate on the quantitative results by providing nuanced explanations of how women negotiate aspects of their gender identity related to the conceptual framework.
The results provide a broad vantage point of women’s experiences as physics majors which may aid university faculty and administration with gender equity goals for physics and other male-dominated STEM fields.
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Achee, Ashley. "A Deconstruction of the Effects of Race, Gender, and Class in the Nineteenth Century British Asylum Complex." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/889.
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This thesis will explore the intersectional construction of the British asylum network in the nineteenth century. It will look at gender, race, and class as factors in the diagnostic process, in addition to the confinement and treatment of the insane.
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Gallacher, Susan. "Technology, ecology and spirituality: neopaganism and hybrid ontologies in technoculture." Thesis, Gallacher, Susan (2008) Technology, ecology and spirituality: neopaganism and hybrid ontologies in technoculture. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/706/.
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This thesis considers three convergent issues pertinent to investigations of identity and agency in contemporary society: the proliferation of digital, network technologies, the rise of interest in secular — ‘new edge’ — spiritualities, and our growing awareness of impending ecological crises. I argue that these three issues necessitate a critical reconsideration of human agency, one that embodies a more sustainable and responsible ‘being-in-the-world’. With this goal in mind, I apply the insights of ecofeminism, feminist approaches to technology and science, and the philosophy of technology, to provide a critical analysis of the human-technology relation in the broader contexts of gender, ecology and spirituality. In particular, I highlight the strengths of ecofeminism, and then employ several alternative theories in order to attend to limitations I identify within ecofeminism; in particular, its uncompromising stance towards modern technology as wholly patriarchal and damaging to both nature and women. Against this position, I argue that technology is fully embedded in and central to our being-in-the-world, and thus must be accounted for in any consideration of contemporary agency. I then attend to both technophobic and technophilic approaches to technology and technoscience in feminism more generally, suggesting how these oppositional tensions are embodied in the figures of the ‘cyborg’ and the ‘goddess’. In search of more complex, hybridised ways to understand the human-technology relation, I then turn to three key theorists – Don Ihde, Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour. Synergising their approaches with the neopagan worldview, I propose a metaphorical and material identity which properly attends to and incorporates the treble issues of ecology, technology and spirituality into its worldview: the technopagan. At once nature-worshipper and digital dweller, the technopagan is a dynamic, multi-faceted and adaptable agent that can effectively challenge traditional humanist binaries between nature and technology, science and religion, and human and nonhuman.
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Gallacher, Susan. "Technology, ecology and spirituality : neopaganism and hybrid ontologies in technoculture /." Gallacher, Susan (2008) Technology, ecology and spirituality: neopaganism and hybrid ontologies in technoculture. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/706/.
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This thesis considers three convergent issues pertinent to investigations of identity and agency in contemporary society: the proliferation of digital, network technologies, the rise of interest in secular — ‘new edge’ — spiritualities, and our growing awareness of impending ecological crises. I argue that these three issues necessitate a critical reconsideration of human agency, one that embodies a more sustainable and responsible ‘being-in-the-world’. With this goal in mind, I apply the insights of ecofeminism, feminist approaches to technology and science, and the philosophy of technology, to provide a critical analysis of the human-technology relation in the broader contexts of gender, ecology and spirituality. In particular, I highlight the strengths of ecofeminism, and then employ several alternative theories in order to attend to limitations I identify within ecofeminism; in particular, its uncompromising stance towards modern technology as wholly patriarchal and damaging to both nature and women. Against this position, I argue that technology is fully embedded in and central to our being-in-the-world, and thus must be accounted for in any consideration of contemporary agency. I then attend to both technophobic and technophilic approaches to technology and technoscience in feminism more generally, suggesting how these oppositional tensions are embodied in the figures of the ‘cyborg’ and the ‘goddess’. In search of more complex, hybridised ways to understand the human-technology relation, I then turn to three key theorists – Don Ihde, Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour. Synergising their approaches with the neopagan worldview, I propose a metaphorical and material identity which properly attends to and incorporates the treble issues of ecology, technology and spirituality into its worldview: the technopagan. At once nature-worshipper and digital dweller, the technopagan is a dynamic, multi-faceted and adaptable agent that can effectively challenge traditional humanist binaries between nature and technology, science and religion, and human and nonhuman.
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Malcolm, Irene. "Globalisation, technology and identity : a feminist study of work cultures in the localisation industry." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1298.
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This work is a feminist study that aims to address a gap in knowledge about the working lives and learning of those employed in electronic, globalising industries, such as localisation. While much is known generally about the under-representation of women in SET (Science, Engineering and Technology), there has been less detailed study that explores the gendering of working lives in electronic knowledge industries which are a crucial part of the technological globalising process. Taking the localisation industry as a case, the present work addresses this lack. Localisation involves making an electronic product or website linguistically and culturally appropriate for people to use in another country/region and language. Workers in the industry adapt printed and electronic texts (and products) for distribution in overseas markets. The study is based on interviews with 10 workers and company owners from the UK, continental Europe, Ireland and South America. A critical feminist approach supports the analysis of interview data using CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis), and participant observation at a conference to reveal power relations which are seemingly hidden in the virtual sphere. Remote forms of working, mediated through the use of ICTs (Information and Communications Technologies) predominate in the industry. The findings are presented in three areas of analysis. Firstly, in relation to workers’ identities the study revealed that technology was a discursive resource used symbolically. While technology represented quality, domestication was used antithetically to indicate its lack. In the analysis this constituted a technologisation of identities. Secondly, workers’ learning trajectories revealed tensions in between knowledge work and accreditation. In relation to technology per se, image creation was central to localisation and the separation of the image from work practices concealed workers’ contributions. In this way the emotional labour invested in the production of the localised image was hidden. Thirdly, the study revealed ways in which global structures interacted with industry boundaries and intersected gendered cultures with implications for professional learning.
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Ruben, Jennifer Lynn. "Illusionary Strength; An Analysis of Female Empowerment in Science Fiction and Horror Films in Fatal Attraction, Aliens, and The Stepford Wives." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1355753729.
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LaPerrière, Maureen C. "The evolution of mothering : images and impact of the mother-figure in feminist utopian science-fiction." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68114.
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Within the latitude of a science-fictional elsewhere and elsewhen, women can establish their own social norms and accepted praxis. The modification encountered in alternate feminist spacetimes specifically incorporate many new ideologies concerning motherhood. Central to this discussion is the means by which feminist authors regard the influences of patriarchal institutions and the subsequent changes in society because of, or in spite of, these changes. The male-dominated fields of technological patriarchy (reproduction and fertility "specialists") and the military, for example, are areas upon which feminist authors speculate. Three feminist strategies for coping with a patriarchal social order, as seen in the works of science-fiction, are entrance into the male world and attempts to change it, competition in the patriarchal world on its own terms and total retreat from an oppressive society, accompanied by the creation of a feminist utopian otherworld. These feminist spacetimes share a number of convictions. Most important, conception is never an unwilled experience. The "maternal instinct", is redefined as a calling which, in some cases, extends to males and non-biological mothers. Traits that are salient in the childraisers are those which are mirrored by these alternate feminist spacetimes as a whole and which contribute to the definition of these societies as utopias. The treatment and/or possession of children as property is frowned upon in the novels. Some points of dissent amongst feminist SF authors include the existence of technology in an utopian or dystopian future for motherhood, and whether or not males are permitted and/or encouraged to participate in society as a whole and more precisely in the experience of mothering. The dystopia, for its part, can thus be regarded as a warning against the encroachment of rampant patriarchal enterprises through their representation of the extrapolation of male-centred value systems. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Levine, Ethan Czuy. "Studying Rape: The Production of Scientific Knowledge about Sexual Violence in the United States and Canada." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/502951.
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SociologyPh.D.
In 1987, statistics transformed rape from a rare and personal concern into an epidemic in popular consciousness. Mary Koss and colleagues conducted victimization surveys with thousands of college women, 1 in 4 of whom reported completed or attempted rape. This finding received tremendous attention in the 1980s, and continues to influence activists and state officials. Notwithstanding the importance of this and other scientific facts, scholars have rarely explored the role of scientists in shaping perceptions of and responses to sexual violence. This project addresses that gap in the literature, via the following questions: (1) how have scientists conceptualized sexual violence among adults; and (2) what social mechanisms enable, constrain, and otherwise influence scientific research on sexual violence? Drawing on insights from feminist science studies, I approach sexual violence as an intra-active phenomenon, and regard objects of study (sexual violence) as inseparable from agencies of observation (research instruments, researchers). Data came from three sources: content analysis of journal abstracts (N=1,313), in-depth assessment of texts in different subfields (N=84), and interviews with researchers (N=31). Ultimately, I argue that sexual violence research has been dominated by psychological inquiries, as well as gendered assumptions regarding who is most capable of perpetrating and experiencing rape. Scientists have produced a tremendous body of knowledge regarding the individual-level causes, individual-level outcomes, and prevalence of men’s sexual aggression toward women. Systemic forces and sexual violence that deviates from this particular gendered pattern remain underexamined. I further argue that scientific research on sexual violence is shaped by a range of social mechanisms that are particular to fields associated with questions of social morality and social movements including feminism(s).
Temple University--Theses
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Lindén, Lisa. "Communicating Care : The Contradictions of HPV Vaccination Campaigns." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema teknik och social förändring, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-127638.
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Denna avhandling undersöker tre statligt finansierade kampanjer mot human papillomvirus (HPV) i Sverige. Författaren visar att kampanjerna innehåller och artikulerar olika former av omsorg som inte är begränsade till att endast uppmana människor att ”ta hand om sig själva” eller ”bry sig om andra”. Istället studeras omsorg som något mångfasetterat och kontextuellt, och som något som innefattar såväl mänskliga som icke-mänskliga komponenter. I studien fokuserar författaren på hur aktörer möjliggör och problematiserar olika former av omsorg. Dessa aktörer inkluderar yrkesverksamma inom landsting som försöker kommunicera omsorg till tjejer och deras anhöriga, men också olika materiella ting, såsom en ”HPV-app”, en Facebook-kampanjsida och en vaccinationshusvagn. Kampanjmedia, intervjuer och textbaserade cancerberättelser analyseras med hjälp av teoretiska perspektiv från fältet feministiska teknik- och vetenskapsstudier (STS). Studien är situerad till forskning kring omsorgspolitik inom teknik och vetenskap, och bidrar till diskussioner om tidsmässiga dimensioner av omsorg. I kampanjmaterialet som studeras dominerar ett fokus på omsorg som något som skall göras nu för att möjliggöra en hälsosam och lycklig framtid. Genom att använda sig av ett ”etiskt-politiskt” ställningstagande, och en analytisk ansats, där fokus ligger på att synliggöra marginella, frånvarande och alternativa omsorgsformer problematiserar författaren sådana ”snabba” framtidsorienterade omsorgsvisioner enligt vilka omsorg ses som något som skall göras omedelbart i preventivt syfte. Detta görs genom ett synliggörande av ”långsammare” och sammanflätade ”omsorgstemporaliteter” som öppnar upp för osäkerheter, tveksamheter, obestämdheter samt för olika känslouttryck, och som möjliggör mer omsorgsfulla praktiker.This dissertation examines three state-funded human papillomavirus (HPV) campaigns in Sweden. The author shows that they include and articulate a range of different forms of care that are not limited to just asking people to “take care of themselves” or “care for others”. Care is instead approached as a multilayered, contextual and contingent phenomenon, and as made by a heterogeneity of human and nonhuman components. The study shows how care is articulated by human actors such as county council professionals who try to communicate care to girls and their relatives, and by material devices like an “HPV app”, a Facebook campaign site and a vaccination trailer which enable, distribute and trouble different forms of care. Campaign devices and campaign media, interviews, and textual cancer narratives are analyzed using a feminist science and technology studies (STS) approach. The study is situated within feminist STS discussions on the politics of care in technoscience, and contributes to discussions on temporal dimensions of care. In the campaign material the study examines, there is a dominant focus on care as something that needs to be done now to enable a healthy and happy future. By working with an ethico-political and analytical standpoint that is focused on making present neglected, marginal, absent and alternative matters of care, the author disrupts and troubles such future-oriented visions of care as an “anticipatory immediacy” through a focus on other temporalities of care. These include slower, messier and folded temporalities which open up for uncertainties, hesitations, indeterminacies, a range of feelings, and for more caring articulations of what care is.
Prescriptive Prescriptions: Pharmaceuticals and "Healthy" Subjectivities
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Velke, Maja. "Sveriges feministiska inrikespolitik : En granskande studie om den jämställdhetspolitik som regering Löfven bedrivit under mandatperioden 2014-2018." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75006.
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In 2014, the newly elected Swedish government declared itself as the first feminist government in the world. When CEDAW in 2016 released their review of the Swedish gender equality policy work, they criticized the lack of concrete results. In the recommendations they suggested that Sweden should adopt a national strategy in their work with violence against women. Being the first public feminist government, working with women issues such as violence against women, it is therefore of interest to study what kind of theoretical and practical policy work the Löfven administration has done during their first term. In this study, the purpose is to find out what the government has done in regard to stop the violence against women, by using the theoretical framework of feminist institutionalism and state feminism. In the result, that is gathered from government documents, it is shown that the Löfven administration has had a similar goal and policy work that the CEDAW recommended, but there is still questions in the area that is yet to be a part of that work. In conclusion, you can with safety say that women´s issues have taken a place in the political agenda, but not even the first county in the world governed by a feminist government is equal.
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Mullet, Dianna Rose. "Catalysts of Women's Success in Academic STEM: A Feminist Poststructural Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062911/.
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This study analyzes senior women faculty's discourses about personal and professional experiences they believe contributed to their advancement in academic careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The purpose of the study is to understand factors that activate women's success in STEM disciplines where women's representation has not yet attained critical mass. A poststructuralist emphasis on complexity and changing nature of power relations offers a framework that illuminates the ways in which elite women navigate social inequalities, hierarchies of power, and non-democratic practices. Feminist poststructural discourse analysis (FPDA) methods allow analysis of women's talk about their experiences in order to understand the women's complex, shifting positions. Eight female tenured full professors of STEM at research-focused universities in the United States participated in the study. Data sources were in-depth semi-structured interviews, a demographic survey, and curricula vitae. Findings will help shape programs and policies aimed at increasing female representation and promoting achievement at senior levels in academic STEM fields.
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Nordqvist, Maja. "Kvotering som jämställdhetsverktyg : En kvalitativ studie av riksdagspartiernas ställningstagande till kvotering i riksdagen." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185425.
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The representation of women in parliament is a subject that has been up for debate since the beginning of the 20th century and the beginning of women’s suffrage. Gender quotas is a way to increase the representation of women in modern parliaments, even in the Swedish riksdag. This qualitative, comparative study shows that out of the eight Swedish parties of parliament, six is implementing gender quotas but in different ways and for different reasons. These reasons get brought into light in official party documents where the parties discuss their stance on gender equality politics and gender quotas. The parties’ opinion on gender quota is defined by three different kind of arguments: the argument of equal representation, the argument of resources and the argument of interest. The left-wing parties tend to use all three of the arguments, while the right-wing parties tend to be more sceptical of the use of gender quotas and therefore use two or less arguments. The parties’ stance on gender quotas are furthermore analysed from the perspective of the theory of feminist institutionalism. Parties who use all three of the arguments, or all the argument except the argument of resources, tend to have a feminist approach to their politics. These parties use gender quota as a way of reforming the parliament’s structure. Other parties who focus on justice and resource as arguments of gender quotas is often more conservative or focused on preserving the structure on which the riksdag is built upon.
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Huen, Bobby K. "Bloggers and Their Impact on Contemporary Social Movements: A Phenomenological Examination of the Role of Blogs and Their Creators in the LGBT Social Movements in Modern United States." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/30.
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The Internet is a ubiquitous feature in everyday life, but its application to social movements has yet to be completely understood. This phenomenological study examines the lived experiences of bloggers who focused on the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) movement in the United States to understand the impact bloggers and their work as online activists have on existing LGBT social movement organization and operation. Data collection is gathered from semi-structured and open-ended interviews with four social movement bloggers using web-conference software over the course of three months. The results of this study indicated that internet has empowered individual activists, allowing them to gather a following and share their views to a large audience over the web, independent from existing social movement organizations. Consequently, bloggers and online activists maintain a relationship with existing social movement structure that is both collaborative and antagonistic. The results of this study contribute to the current understanding of social movement organizations as well as the impact of technological innovations on social movement advocacy.
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Rhoades, Melinda J. "Addressing The Computing Gender Gap: A Case Study Using Feminist Pedagogy and Visual Culture Art Education." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1217107478.
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Block, Emma. "En jämförande neurografisk studie : Hur mätparametrar för utvärdering av neurofysiologisk sjukdom påverkas vid olika vinklar på armbågen." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161797.
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Olsson, Cristoffer. "Den tredje vägens ufologi : En studie av vetenskapligt gränsdragningsarbete inom Riksorganisationen UFO-Sverige." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-90501.
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The following essay or thesis is a study over scientific endeavors in the fringe. It is a study of Riksorganisationen UFO-Sverige, whose proponents aim to make the UFO phenomenon (or phenomena) a subject of scientific scrutiny. To achieve this, the ufologists first have to redefine common concepts of ufology as pseudo science or religion, mainly by challenging definitions given by scientific sceptics on the one hand, and proponents of conspiracy theories or the new age environment on the other. Thus UFO-Sverige seeks to construct an alternative scientific identity in contrast to adversaries on both sides, each unwilling to give the UFO phenomenon any further examination. Following the work of Tomas Gieryn's sociological grip on questions of epistemology, especially concerning the social boundaries of science from other cultural categories through what has been labelled as epistemic boundary work, during which proponents of a particular field aim to achieve epistemic authority and thus the legitimate right to define what is and what is not science, I seek to analyze how questions of science and legitimacy are actualized in an intellectual environment or culture not broadly accepted as scientific. The essay is a case study of a given organization in the ufologic subculture, analyzing material mainly from the 1990's, and the manner in which epistemic boundary work is made explicit. I further hint at the end to which the boundary work is means, which is mainly the hope of a growing professionalization of the ufologic field. Through this I further argue that the study points at something general, namely the importance of questions of science and legitimacy outside the boundaries of conventional science, not the least for those who are usually denied the recognition of scientific legitimacy and its fruits.
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Bergquist, Fanny. "Feministiskt initiativ som kommunpolitik : En studie om kommunpolitikens möjlighetsvillkor." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-143124.
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Based upon feminist organized women's experiences of resistance and political acting space, this study investigates what is possible to say and do (and not do), as well as which issues can be politicized (and which cannot) in the Swedish municipal policy. More specifically it analyzes in which spaces women face resistance, who are expressing it, and how it is manifested. Moreover, it discusses which political content that can be formulated, politicized, and implemented in the local political area. It is based on interviews with representatives from the political party Feminist initiative, and builds on previous research on resistance against women's extra-parliamentary political organizing. Previous research has suggested that the organization in itself evokes resistance. Nevertheless, this study shows that it is the political content, rather than the organizing, that arouses resistance. The combination of women who organize themselves as women and runs an anti-racist policy seems to be the most provocative. This thesis also shows that it is possible to politicize gender issues – unless they are not labeled as feminist issues. The concept of “gender equality” can be used, but not “feminism”. There are opportunities to talk about equality if it is formulated in terms of gender neutrality and equal treatment. It is possible to talk about gender when it comes to gender equality, but it is not allowed to permeate other policy areas. And concrete policy proposals can be formulated, unless the political discussion is not conducted at a more visionary and ideological level. While there are policies which can be implemented on condition that they are not formulated in feminist terms, there are also policies which could be expressed, but subsequently will not be implemented due to opposition from the administration.
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Angtoft, Carl. "Med omvärlden som inspirationskälla : En studie i träkonstruktioner med alternativa inspirationskällor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Malmstens Linköpings universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166883.
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Mitt examensarbete handlar om konstruktioner. Studien handlar om att lyfta blicken och titta på sammansättningar på ett större plan för att hitta nya lösningar på gamla problem. Jag har i min studie låtit mig inspireras av material och konstruktioner som ligger långt ifrån träindustrin och materialet trä. Genom ett systematiskt insamlande av konstruktioner och vidare analyser har jag, med hjälp av skisser och tester, modifierat dessa till fungerande träkonstruktioner. Det handlar om att skaffa sig en perspektivrikedom som tillåter en att se lösningar till sitt eget fält i sin omvärld, vilket kan leda till nya innovativa träkonstruktioner. Detta är en metod som inte bara fungerar till möbelbranschen utan till många andra fält som kan vinna på att studera lösningar utanför sin egen ram och tradition. Resultatet mynnade ut i en prototyp med en konstruktion som är inspirerad av en stickkontakt/vägguttag. Konstruktionen är intuitiv och demonterbar vilket ska leda till ökad förståelse för konstruktioner hos användaren och en större uppskattning för hantverket.My thesis I study structures and joints. It is about lifting your eyes and looking at compositions on a larger scale to find new solutions to old problems. I have been inspired by materials and structures that are far away from the wood industry and the material wood. I have systematically collected structures and joints and analysed them. With further sketching and testing, they have been modified to work as wooden joints and structures. It’s about acquiring a ”wealth of perspective” that allows you to see solutions to your own field in your surroundings, which could lead to new innovative wooden structures. This is a method which not only works for the furniture industry but a lot of other fields that could evolve in studying solutions outside their own framework and tradition The result ended up in prototype with a joint inspired from a socket/wall socket. The joint is intuitive and demountable which could lead to increased understanding of structures and joints for the user and a greater appreciation of the craft.
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Lima, Fabiane Alves de. "Mulheres na tecnociência: depoimentos e vivências de mulheres nos cursos de computação da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1007.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo em relações de gênero na Computação. Com base na literatura, assume-se que a computação vem sendo historicamente construída entorno da masculinidade normativa, de modo que os estereótipos que propaga são altamente eficazes na manutenção de barreiras que dificultam a participação plena de mulheres e outras minorias. Estas barreiras são ilustradas por meio de estudos de sua história, pela forma como se deu a profissionalização da área, e, consequentemente, pela exclusão e invisibilização paulatina das mulheres atuantes. Para tanto, se embasa na literatura a respeito da história da tecnociência, na história da computação, nos estudos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, e nos estudos de gênero. A abordagem metodológica utilizada nesta pesquisa é a de entrevistas, por meio das quais algumas mulheres — estudantes e professoras dos cursos de computação da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná — puderam externar suas vivências, preocupações, e percalços pelos quais passam ou passaram como minoria em cursos tão marcados por estereótipos de gênero, como é o caso dos cursos de Computação. A intenção destas entrevistas é verificar na prática se os estudos a respeito das mulheres na tecnociência se confirmam no contexto específico da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná.This work presents a study on gender relations in Computing. Based on the literature, we assume that Computing has been historically build around the normative notion of masculinity, so it propagates stereotypes that are highly effective in maintaining the barriers that hinder the full participation of women and other minorities. These barriers are illustrated by studies in its history, by the way that the professionalization of the area has been made, and hence the gradual exclusion and invisibility of the active women. To do so, this work was grounded in the literature on the history of technoscience, on the history of Computing, on the studies on Science, Technology and Society, and on gender studies. The methodological approach used in this research was the interview, through wich some women — students and professors of Computing courses at Federal Technological University of Paraná — could express their experiences, concerns, and mishaps through which they pass or passed as a minority in courses as marked by gender stereotypes, such as courses in Computing. The intent of these interviews is to verify in practice the studies concerning women in technoscience are confirmed in the specific context of the Federal Technological University of Paraná.
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Victorin, Karin. "AI as Gatekeepers to the Job Market : A Critical Reading of; Performance, Bias, and Coded Gaze in Recruitment Chatbots." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177257.
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The topic of this thesis is AI recruitment chatbots, digital discrimination, and data feminism (D´Ignazio and F.Klein 2020), where I aim to critically analyze issues of bias in these types of human-machine interaction technologies. Coming from a professional background of theatre, performance art, and drama, I am curious to analyze how using AI and social robots as hiring tools entails a new type of “stage” (actor’s space), with a special emphasis on social acting. Humans are now required to adjust their performance and facial expressions in the search for, and approval of, a new job. I will use my “theatrical glasses” with an intersectional lens, and through a methodology of cultural analysis, reflect on various examples of conversational AI used in recruitment processes. The silver bullet syndrome is a term that points to a tendency to believe in a miraculous new technological tool that will “magically” solve human-related problems in a company or an organization. The captivating marketing message of the Swedish recruitment conversational AI tool – Tengai Unbiased – is the promise of a scientifically proven objective hiring tool, to solve the diversity problem for company management. But is it really free from bias? According to Karen Barad, agency is not an attribute, but the ongoing reconfiguration of the world influenced by what she terms intra-actions, a mutual constitution of entanglement between human and non-human agencies (2003:818). However, tech developers often disregard their entanglement of human-to-machine interferences which unfortunately generates unconscious bias. The thesis raises ethical questions of how algorithmic measurement of social competence risks holding unconscious biases, benefiting those already privileged or those acting within a normative spectrum.
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West, Jessica. "Ability and Abnormality." UNF Digital Commons, 2016. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/638.
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This thesis addresses questions relating to perceptions of abilities and abnormalities found in everyday life. Abilities in this paper range from a total lack of ability to function in extreme disability to a level of ability expected by society to enhanced and radically enhanced abilities and their place in the realm of abnormality. We begin by establishing the differences between abilities and enhancements. Following this is a discussion regarding the ethical concerns of human enhancement. After this we turn to a discussion of abnormality and the social experience of abnormality. These discussions lead into establishing a basis for how many abilities are considered abnormal. This is then followed by a discussion that specifically addresses whether or not individuals who voluntarily undergo non-therapeutic enhancement may be subject to oppressive measures.
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Silva, Marília Rodrigues da. "Refigurando monstros: a perspectiva parcial de Donna Haraway como crítica da ciência." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5544.
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Esta dissertação trata das relações de poder que marcam a produção científica ocidental moderna a partir da abordagem dos estudos sobre Gênero e Ciência da feminista historiadora
da ciência estadunidense Donna Haraway. Esta autora propõe a concepção de toda a produção de conhecimento como pratica política, assumindo a perspectiva parcial como fundamento para uma ciência objetiva e apontando a perspectiva de objetividade calcada na ideia de imparcialidade como produtora de um tipo de saber que historicamente serviu como instrumento de dominação: o conhecimento que se propõe como universal. Em sua narrativa, o androcentrismo, o etnocentrismo, o racismo e as divisões de classe operam na conformação e nas transformações desta ciência a partir da construção de um sujeito privilegiado do conhecimento, o cientista, figura constituída a imagem e semelhança do homem branco
ocidental independente. Meu recorte de sua obra são as reformulações dessas relações ao longo da historia da ciência ocidental moderna observadas por ela na emergência e nas
produções de um conjunto especifico de disciplinas do campo das ciências naturais biológicas, fortemente marcadas pelas teorias e tecnologias da informação e da comunicação
produzidas no campo da cibernética. Na construção de um discurso critico sobre os saberes / poderes hegemônicos, Haraway traz para a cena da ciência figuras monstruosas, entre
elas o ciborgue, tanto como meio de revelar categorias culturais atuando na produção do conhecimento como para materializar novos significados para natureza, os corpos e as relações de diferença. Em conexão com esses monstros, refigurados em suas narrativas, a autora defende uma relação de conexão, e não de divisão, entre sujeito e objeto do saber.This dissertation abords the power relations that mark the modern occidental scientific production from the point of view of the Gender and Science studies of the north-american feminist and historian of science Donna Haraway. The author proposes a conception of all the knowledge production as a political practice, assuming a partial perspective as a fundament to an objective science and pointing the objectivity perspective based on the idea of impartiality as a producer of a type of knowledge that historically served as an instrument of domination: the knowledge that proposes itself as universal. In her narrative, the androcentrism, ethnocentrism, racism and the class divisions operate on the conformation and the transformations of this science from the construction of a knowledge privileged persona, the scientist, character developed from the image and similarity of an independent western white man. My extract of the book is the reformulations of these relationships along with the modern western science observed by the author in the emerging and in the productions of a specific group of disciplines in the field of biological natural science, which were strongly marked by the theory and technology of information and communication produced in the cybernetic science. In the construction of a critic discussion about the hegemonic nowerpowers, Haraway brings monstrous characters to light, among them a cyborg, as much as a way to revel cultural categories acting in the knowledge production as to materialize new meanings to the nature, bodies and the differences relationships. Compromised with these monsters, human figures and non-human redefined in her narratives, the author defends a relationship of connection, and not of division, between the subject and the object of knowledge.
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Nordström, Matti. "Användares motivation på nätmötesplatser : En studie över hur användares motivation kan öka på en nätmötesplats med hjälp av ämneskategorisering." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5674.
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I den här uppsatsen utforskas möjligheterna att hantera innehållet på en nätmötesplats med hjälp av ett kategoriseringssystem. Systemet är tänkt att ge användaren möjlighet att till stor del anpassa nätmötesplatsens innehåll efter intresse och behov. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka om användandet av kategorisering hade varit en lämplig åtgärd att vidta för att öka användares engagemang. Med hjälp av kategoriseringen skulle användaren kanske få större motivation att fortsätta använda sin nätmötesplats och eventuellt bli mer aktiv som medlem. För att undersöka detta togs en enkät fram där 61 personer svarade på frågor relaterade till frågeställningen. Utöver detta hölls också tre intervjuer för att komplettera resultaten från enkäten. I arbetet diskuteras dels enkätundersökningen och dels intervjun där det ur båda framgår vilka möjligheter respektive hinder som finns kring en kategoriserad nätmötesplats.
In this paper the possibilities of handling the content of an online community with a categorization system are being explored. The system is considered to give the user the possibility to largely customize the content of the online community by interest and needs. The purpose of the work was to see if the use of categorization would be an appropriate step to take to increase user’s commitment. With the aid of the categorization the user would perhaps get better motivated to continue using his online community and maybe become more active as a member. To research this, questionnaires were created where 61 people answered questions related to the subject of the project. Also three interviews were held to complement the results from the questionnaire. In the paper both the questionnaire and the interview part are being discussed and the possibilities and the obstacles with using categorization are presented.
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Jansson, Gunilla, and Marie Ekholm. "En jämförande studie av förskollärares syn på naturvetenskap och teknik i förskolan/ A comparative study of preschool teachers’ views of science and technology in pre-school." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29133.
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Bakgrunden till vår studie är att naturvetenskap och teknik fått större plats i förskolans läroplan samtidigt som studier visat på att det finns brister i arbetet med dessa ämnen på skolor och förskolor. Syftet med studien var att få syn på likheter och skillnader i hur fyra förskollärare, från en ämnesinriktad och en traditionell förskola, ser på naturvetenskap och teknik samt arbetssätt och ämneskunskapens betydelse. Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie och som metod valde vi att göra enskilda intervjuer som spelades in med ljudupptagning. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som använts i analysen har fokus på det sociokulturella perspektivet. Resultatet visar att de likheter som finns är att förskollärarna anser att grunden för barns lärande är ett utforskande och undersökande arbetsätt i samspel med barn och vuxna. Det som skiljer sig är i hur man ser på och vad naturvetenskap och teknik innebär samt vad ämneskunskapen har för betydelse. Slutsatsen är att det inte spelar någon större roll vilken förskola man arbetar på utan det är intresset hos förskolläraren som styr arbetet med naturvetenskap och teknik.
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Lindqvist, Sven. "En teoretisk modell av furu för en effektiv produktion av attraktiv furuparkett. : -En studie i effektivt råvaruutnyttjande." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96976.
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Wood has in several ways become a sought after material, much thanks to the materials advantages from a sustainability point of view. There are several indicators that this will continue and that the competition of the raw material will increase. The efficient utilization of raw materials is considered central, both from a societal perspective but also for the individual company, which can increase their profitability with a well considered wood. The complexity of the raw material puts great demand on knowledge and logistics to achieve an efficient utilization. This study is a case study that investigates the requirements of the wood for the production of pine parquet at the parquet producer Berg & Berg. To clarify the consumers need, a literature study about the customer preferences about floor has been carried out. To be able to develop a descriptive model on which timber best meets the requirements, from production as well as the customers’ needs, a literature study about pines wood property has been done. This examines how the wood properties vary within logs, between individual trees and between stands. In addition, a description is made of how the raw material is handled by the forest and sawmill industry with the help of literature studies. The wood properties that are important for the customer when buying flooring is the visual appearance in which an even distribution of knots is the most desirable. Dry knots create problems with rework in the production. The most suitable wood is obtained from stands with a lower site index. It’s the middle part of the trunk that meets the requirements for an even knot structure with a larger green-knot zone with a lower proportion of juvenile wood. A one-sided focus on increased volume and lower production costs in forestry and sawmill industry, as well as information barriers between different players in the production chain, makes it more difficult to efficiently utilize the raw material where a more customer oriented range is received. With good knowledge about wood properties, a simple tree model can be derived. For a producer, the tree model can simplify the communication with wood suppliers to obtain a more customer oriented wood.
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Zilic, Ada. "Signifikanta skillnader i spirometrivariabler observerad mellan en Jaeger MasterScreen och en Vyntus spirometer : En jämförelse studie mellan två olika lungfunktionsutrustningar." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84606.
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Introduktion: En av de vanligaste undersökningsmetoderna för att bedöma den respiratoriska funktionen är spirometri. Det är en undersökning som mäter lungvolymer och lungvolymsförändringar över tid. En fullständig lungfunktionsundersökning består av statisk och dynamisk spirometri samt mätning av diffusionskapacitet. Studiens syfte var att jämföra två olika utrustningar, en gammal (Jaeger MasterScreen Body och PFT) och en ny utrustning (Vyntus Body och One) om det fanns någon signifikant skillnad på mätresultatet mellan utrustningarna. Metod och material: Studien bestod av 24 testpersoner, 16 kvinnor och 8 män, alla undersökningar utfördes på Fysiologiska kliniken på Västerås sjukhus under februari och april 2020. Variablerna som undersöktes och bearbetades var vitalkapacitet (VK), forcerad vitalkapacitet (FVK), forcerad exspiratorisk volym på en sekund (FEV1), forcerad exspiratorisk volym uttryck i procent med vitalkapacitet (FEV%VK), total lungkapacitet (TLK), residualvolym (RV), mätning av diffusionskapacitet (DLCO) samt alveolär ventilation (VA). Resultat: Resultatet från studien visade att det förelåg en statistisk signifikant skillnad mellan utrustningarna Jaeger och Vyntus. Lungfunktionsutrustningen Vyntus påvisade ett lägre mätresultat på samtliga variabler. Att det förelåg en statistisk signifikant skillnad kan bero på att utrustningarna använder olika mätmetoder, Jaeger har en pneumotach medan Vyntus har en ultraljudssensor. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att det föreligger systematisk skillnad på den nya utrustningen Vyntus. Vyntus visade lägre värden på samtliga variabler.Introduction: One of the most common measurements for assessment of pulmonary function is spirometry. It is a method that measures lung volumes and changes in lung volume over time. A complete lung function test consists of static and dynamic spirometry as well as measurement of diffusion capacity. The purpose of the study was to compare two different equipment, an older (Jaeger MasterScreen Body and PFT) and the contemporary (Vyntus Body and One) if there was any significant difference in the measurement result between the two equipment. Method and materials: The study consisted of 24 test subjects, 16 women and 8 men, all examinations were performed at the Physiological Clinic at Västerås Hospital between February and April 2020. The variables investigated and processed were vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume expression as a percentage with vital capacity (FEV%VC), total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), diffusion capacity measurement (DLCO) and alveolar ventilation (VA). Result: The results of the study showed that there was a statistical significant difference between the two equipments Jaeger and Vyntus. The lung function equipment Vyntus showed a lower measurement result on all variables. This statistical significant difference may be due to the fact that the equipment uses different measurement methods. Jaeger has a pneumotach while Vyntus has an ultrasonic sensor. Conclusion: The conclusion is that there is a systematic difference in the new Vyntus equipment. Vyntus showed lower values for all variables.
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Karlsson, Emil, and Lina Nilsson. "Animerad TV-vinjett : utsmyckning eller genre? En studie i animerad TV-vinjett." Thesis, University West, Department of Economics and IT, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-2539.
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Today, the TV vignette is considered an embellishment to a TV program, despite its broad audiences and unique appearance. We wanted to find out if the television vignette has some common features and conventions but also find out how it relates to genre.We used a case study where we analyzed ten vignettes that we chose from certain criteria. We used a model based on image analysis that we modified to fit our needs. The main parts of each model consisted semiotics, imagery, dramaturgy and sound.We also made a couple of interviews with people who are active or used to work with vignettes. As a result we discovered that the television vignettes consist of certain conventions and that the vignette will not be considered as an independent genre, until the public has accepted it. However, we found that the vignette has common features and conventions that could fit into the established art form Motion Graphics. We see, however, that the vignette has the potential, thanks to digitization, to evolve and become a kind of its own.Today, the TV vignette is considered an embellishment to a TV program, despite its broad audiences and unique appearance. We wanted to find out if the television vignette has some common features and conventions but also find out how it relates to genre.We used a case study where we analyzed ten vignettes that we chose from certain criteria. We used a model based on image analysis that we modified to fit our needs. The main parts of each model consisted semiotics, imagery, dramaturgy and sound.We also made a couple of interviews with people who are active or used to work with vignettes. As a result we discovered that the television vignettes consist of certain conventions and that the vignette will not be considered as an independent genre, until the public has accepted it. However, we found that the vignette has common features and conventions that could fit into the established art form Motion Graphics. We see, however, that the vignette has the potential, thanks to digitization, to evolve and become a kind of its own.
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Dervisevic, Majda. "Förvaltning av IT-infrastruktur : En studie om grundläggande IT-infrastruktur som effektiva förvaltningsobjekt." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51616.
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Systemförvaltning är en viktig strategisk fråga för organisationer eftersom det säkrar ett kontinuerligt och effektivt stöd för den avsedda verksamheten. Men systemförvaltning är komplext eftersom många organisatoriska parter är inblandade och det finns behov att skapa ordning och reda bland dem genom effektiv styrning. Intresset och behovet av att strukturera förvaltningen av den komplexa IT-infrastrukturen har uppmärksammats under de senaste åren i många organisationer.
Det finns olika definitioner av vad IT-infrastruktur anses vara ur tekniskt och organisatoriskt perspektiv. IT-infrastruktur är ett för brett begrepp för att kunna vara applicerbart ut ett förvaltningsperspektiv. Därför används begreppet grundläggande IT-infrastruktur istället för IT-infrastruktur för att tydliggöra vilka delar av IT-infrastrukturen som studien fokuserar. Ur ett förvaltningsperspektiv lyder definitionen; Förvaltningsobjekten av grundläggande IT-infrastrukturell karaktär innehåller en gemensam teknisk bas bestående av nödvändiga IT-komponenter som vid vidareförädling, genom förvaltningsorganisationens kompetenser, resulterar i olika produkter som nyttjas av objektverksamhetens parter. Det finns två förvaltningsobjekt som är av grundläggande IT-infrastrukturell karaktär IT-arbetsplats och Teknisk plattform.
Förvaltningsobjekt bör avgränsas utifrån den objektverksamhet som den stödjer. Förvaltningsobjektet IT-arbetsplats är avgränsad utifrån dess objektverksamhet som består av genomförande av arbetsuppgifter t.ex. handläggande av administrativa ärenden, bedrivande av affärsstödjande verksamhet, utveckling och förvaltning etc. Förvaltningsobjektet Teknisk plattform är avgränsad utifrån dess objektverksamhet som består av teknisk förvaltning och tillgängliggörande av övriga förvaltningsobjekt inom en organisation samt nyutveckling (av de mer verksamhetsnära IT-komponenterna) som hanteras inom projekt.
Förvaltningsobjektet IT-arbetsplats bör innehålla IT-komponenter så som olika typer av hårdvara och standard mjukvara som de anställa inom organisationen nyttjar samt förvaltningsprodukter som kan bestå av olika typer av paketerade utbud (t.ex. standard- och tilläggsutbud), paketerings- och distributionstjänst samt olika typer av målgruppsanpassade kunskapsstöd. Förvaltningsobjektet Teknisk plattform bör innehålla IT-komponenter som kan härröras till lagring, beräkningskraft och kommunikation samt förvaltningsprodukt Säker åtkomst och anslutning till den tekniska plattformen enligt överenskommelse (t.ex. SLA eller OLA).
Det är viktigt att förvaltningsprodukter är paketerade på ett sätt som gör dem köpbara. Därför bör förvaltningsorganisationens leverans betraktas som produkt (en tjänsteprodukt). Med produkt avses förvaltningsorganisationens tjänsteresultat. Förvaltningsprodukten bör därför vara tydligt definierad.
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Larsson, Jennie K. "Han och hon möter vi och dom – den universella välfärdspolitikens akilleshäl : En studie av kön och ras i svensk förvaltning." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2793.
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Gender politics in Sweden is considered unique because gender policies (jämställdhet) are integrated into national politics and politicised both in the public and the private sphere. The Swedish case is therefore considered a role model by many feminist scholars.
This view has been criticised by both post modern feminists and public administration scholars. Critics imply that the increased immigration and more heterogeneous population have led to a new challenge for state institutions. The Swedish model, with its universal welfare solutions, lacks the ability to recognise differences within groups. Universal solutions that treat everyone the same is no longer the most just way to treat people.
The growing use of goal orientation in Swedish public administration has increased the civil servants discretion in the implementation process, and thereby the space for differentiated treatment. This thesis aims to study the civil servants that implement gender policies in every day practice. It is focused on their interpretations of gender and gender equality and how this affects their exercise of authority. The thesis is a case study of two authorities in a heterogeneous area – the northern part of Botkyrka.
By using a two-fold theoretical approach and combine two perspectives, feminism and a policy analysis, the study analyses how the front-line bureaucrats handle the tension between the universal welfare politics and the demands of the immigrants. The first theoretical approach presents two different feminist perspectives: one that values economic redistribution and one that find it more fair to recognise differences between women. The second approach introduces theories on implementation that makes it possible to study how interpretations have an impact on the exercise of authority in front-line bureaucracies.
The main result of the study is that the front-line bureaucrats’ interpretations differ from the national gender politics. They have a more differentiated view of women than the universal Swedish gender politics. The study also shows that front-line bureaucrats tend to attribute negative cultural factors to immigrants. These prejudices find their way through the bureaucracy, into the public administration and the exercise of authority.
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Björlin, Svozil Louise. "Beslutsgrund : en studie av utbildningsval bland kvinnliga elever på gymnasieskolans Naturvetenskaps- och Teknikprogram." Thesis, KTH, Lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240084.
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Ingenjörsutbildningar i Sverige har på ungefär hundra år gått från att enbart ta in män till en andel av 36 procent kvinnliga studenter. Även om en jämställd könsfördelning går framåt är andelen kvinnor på vissa program så låg som 16 procent. Den största rekryteringsbasen till ingenjörsutbildningar är gymnasieskolans Naturvetenskapsprogram (NV) och Teknik-program (TE). Grundad teori (GT) användes som metodansats när kvinnliga elever på NV och TE intervjuades för att undersöka vad de upptas av när de står inför sina studieval. Ett brett spektrum av anledningar som kan sammanfattas i kärnkategorin Beslutsgrund visade att eleverna vägde in bland annat arbetsmarknad, behörighet till universitet och högskola, en utbildnings rankning, förväntad social tillhörighet, den upplevda självförmågan, sina betyg, ett undvikande av ett skolämne de inte gillade, om en utbildning leder till den karriär de vill ha, arbetsbelastning samt arbetsbelastning i relation till behörighet. Studien visade också att metodansatsen GT kan användas i ett examensarbete och att det finns utmaningar och möjligheter med denna kombination.Education in engineering sciences in Sweden have for the past hundred years gone from solely recruiting men to a 36 percentage of female students. Even though the number of women is progressing in some fields, other fields still have as low proportion as 16 percent. The largest base for recruiting engineering students is the Swedish gymnasium programs in Sciences (NV) and in Technology (TE). The research method grounded theory (GT) was used when female students in NV and TE were interviewed to investigate the main concern of these students making choices about present and future studies. A broad spectrum of reasons, summarized in the core category Reasons for Decision (Beslutsgrund), showed that the students took into consideration the labour market, eligibility to university, the ranking of an education, expectations for social belonging, self-efficacy, grades, avoidance of a school subject, if the education led to the desired career, work load and work load in relation to eligibility. The execution of GT showed that this method could be used within the frame of a master thesis and that there are challenges and advantages in the combination.
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Svensson, Lisa. "Jämförande studie av vänster kammarvolymer och vänster kammarmassa hos hjärtsviktspatienter med bevarad ejektionsfraktion och friska kontroller." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-17914.
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Hjärtsvikt är en hjärt-kärlsjukdom som drabbar allt fler människor i världen. Varje år söker ungefär en miljon patienter i U. S. A vård för symptom för hjärtsvikt. Kronisk hjärtsvikt delas in efter ejektionsfraktion, bevarad och reducerad. Vid bevarad ejektionsfraktion är det ofta en sämre fyllnad av vänster kammare. Magnet resonans tomografi (MR) är en undersökningsmetod som använder kroppens egna vätejoner för att skapa en bild med hjälp av ett starkt magnetfält och anses vara ”gold standard” för att mäta hjärtats volymer och massa. Syftet med den här studien var att jämföra vänster kammarvolymer, massa och funktion hos hjärtsviktspatienter med bevarad ejektionsfraktion och friska kontroller. Sju patienters och åtta friska kontrollers hjärtan undersöktes med magnetkamera på Skånes Universitetssjukhus i Lund. Bilderna analyserades genom manuell utlinjering av vänster kammare. Ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna kunde visas. I motsats med tidigare studier visade den nuvarande studien ingen skillnad i vänster kammarvolymer, massa och funktion. Dock kan den nuvarande studien anses vara begränsad på grund av det låga antalet patienter och kontroller.Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease which affects more and more people in the World. Every year, approximately one million patients in the United States seek care for symptoms of heart failure. Chronic heart failure is categorized by ejection fraction, preserved or educed ejection fraction. In preserved ejection fraction it is common with a reduced filling of the left ventricle. Magnet resonance imaging (MR) is a test method which uses the hydrogen ions in the body to create an image using a magnetic field and is considered a “gold standard” to measure the heart volumes and mass. The aims of this study were to compare left ventricular volumes, mass and function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction and healthy controls. The hearts of seven patients and eight healthy controls were examined in a magnetic camera at Skåne’s University Hospital in Lund. The images were analyzed by manual delineation of the left ventricle. No statistical significant difference could be demonstrated between the groups. In contrast with earlier studies this study did not show any difference in left ventricular volumes, mass and function. However, the current study is limited due to the low number of patients and controls.
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Lernman, Julia. "Perifer nervpåverkan av måttlig fysisk aktivitet : En studie om huruvida fysisk aktivitet har någon påverkan på de perifera nervernas funktion, mätt med elektroneurografi." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92990.
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Introduktion: Elektroneurografi används för att bedöma nervfunktion och påvisa patologiska förändringar i det perifera nervsystemet. Det är en metod känslig för störningar och registreringarna kan påverkas av temperaturen i huden och underliggande vävnad, då värme ökar de perifera nervernas nervledningshastighet. Fysisk aktivitet har bevisats ha positiva effekter på hälsan och involverar många av kroppens organsystem. En sådan effekt är en ökad metabolism i skelettmusklerna, vilket genererar värme. Syfte och frågeställning: Syftet är att undersöka de perifera nerverna i en nedre extremitet hos en grupp neurologiskt friska individer utan diagnosticerad diabetes med elektroneurografi, för att se om fysisk aktivitet har någon effekt på den perifera nervfunktionen. Metod och material: Tre perifera nerver i individernas (n=18) dominanta ben; nervus (n) suralis, n. peroneus och n. tibialis undersöktes med elektroneurografi före och efter måttlig fysisk aktivitet. N. suralis undersöktes sensoriskt och n. peroneus och n. tibialis undersöktes motoriskt och F-respons registrerades. Hudtemperatur och kroppstemperatur mättes inför samtliga registreringar och ansträngningsgrad vid den fysiska aktiviteten uppskattades. Resultat: Signifikant skillnad mellan registreringarna från n. suralis kunde ses vad gäller latenstid och ledningshastighet, och den distala amplituden, proximala latenstiden samt ledningshastigheten för n. peroneus. Dessutom kunde signifikant skillnad ses i den proximala latenstiden för n. tibialis, och i F-M-latenstiden för n. peroneus och n. tibialis. Slutsats: En positiv effekt kan ses i en del variabler, troligtvis beroende på temperaturskillnaderna mellan registreringarna. Dock skulle en större undersökningsgrupp potentiellt ge tydligare resultat.Introduction: Electroneurography is used to assess nerve function and detect pathological changes in the peripheral nerve system. The method is sensitive to interference and measurements can be affected by temperature of the skin and underlying tissue, because heat increases nerve conduction velocity of the peripheral nerves. It has been concluded that physical activity have a positive effect on health and involves many of the body´s organsystems. One of these effects is an increase in metabolism in skeletal muscles, which generates heat. Purpose: The purpose is to examine the peripheral nerves in a lower extremity in a group of neurologically healthy individuals without diagnosed diabetes with electroneurography, to determine if physical activity has any effect on the peripheral nerve function. Method and material: Three peripheral nerves in the individuals (n=18) dominant leg; nervus (n) suralis, n. peroneus and n. tibialis, were examined with electroneurography before and after moderate physical activity. N. suralis were examined for sensory function and n. peroneus and n. tibialis were examined for motor function and F-response. Skin temperature and body temperature were measured before every registration and the individuals assessed their degree of physical effort. Results: Significant diffrence between the registrations could be seen in the latency and conduction velocity for n. suralis, in the distal amplitude, proximal latency and conduction velocity for n. peroneus, in the proximal latency for n. tibialis and the F-M-latency for n. peroneus and n. tibialis. Conclusion: A positive effect can be seen on some variables, probably because of temperature diffrences between the registrations. However a larger test group could potentially yield more distinct results.
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Ahlström, Sofia, and Sofie Hansson. "Teknik och design som motstrategi till sexuella trakasserier online : En kvalitativ studie av erfarenheter och lösningar på sexuella trakasserier online utifrån ett användarperspektiv." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34561.
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Digital platforms such as social media are big part of people's everyday life and social network. Recent studies shows that the ability to act anonymously on social media has increased harassment behaviors online. For marginalized groups, digital platforms are important for the act of freedom of speech and harassments online can limit these groups in the digital environment. Within the framework of this study we found, that there is a lack of studies that specifically research sexual harassments online and what different factors that may have an impact on the problem. Therefore, the aim for this study was to research what values, attitudes and emotions users of social media services experiences online. We wanted to research, from a user perspective, what existing counter-strategies options are provided on social media against sexual harassments online, and if there are other technical design solutions for social media interfaces. Within the framework of this essay we have conducted a focus group interview and a participatory design workshop. The empirical data that was collected has been analysed with different theories such as power, resistance, empowerment in design, master suppression techniques in social media, feminist HCI and social norms and participatory design. The study also use previous research on harassment on social media to further understand the empirical data for the analysis. In this study there are findings from the focus group that has been placed in three different themes. 1) The importance of social relationships for counter-strategies against sexual harassment online. 2) Social norms and normalization of sexual harassment online. 3) The importance of technical aspects for dealing with sexual harassment online. Our study shows that the counter-strategies options on social media services today are not sufficient enough for these different aspects. The participatory design workshop in this study resulted in eight possible technical design solutions. These solutions can be implications for design on social media interfaces and can work as counter-strategy tools against sexual harassments online. This study only research one focus group, therefore the study can be used as a basis for further research. By including users with participatory design methods, values made from users of social media in relation to sexual harassments online can unfold and hopefully decrease the problem.
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Lundström, Emelie, and Martyna Nasilowska. "Revisionens digitalisering : en kvalitativ studie om hur digitaliseringen har påverkat revisionsprocessen och revisorsrollen." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-21093.
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Dagens studier visar på att revisionsbranschen förändras i takt med digitaliseringens framfart, vilket gör det därför omöjligt för revisionsbyråer att välja bort digitaliseringen. Tidigare forskning påvisar att revisionsbranschen är en av de branscher som blivit mest påverkad av digitaliseringens framfart, eftersom flera arbetsuppgifter har ersatts av den nya tekniken. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka hur revisionsprocessen samt revisorsrollen har påverkats av den allt mer digitaliserade arbetsmiljön. För att uppnå studiens syfte har en kvalitativ metod använts där fem medarbetare på PwC har intervjuats. Empirin analyseras sedan med hjälp av studiens insamlade teori i syfte att besvara studiens två frågeställningar. Därefter har en innehållsanalys utförts där funna samband ur den insamlade empirin ställts mot studiens teori. Studiens resultat påvisar att digitaliseringen redan har bidragit till förändringar i revisionsprocessens olika faser. Vidare har digitaliseringen påverkat revisorsrollen där revisorn har fått en mer betydande roll för revisionen. Fortsättningsvis påvisar den insamlade empirin att digitaliseringen har resulterat i ett effektivare arbetssätt samt att trovärdigheten på revisionen har ökat. Avslutningsvis förutspår digitaliseringens utveckling att fortsätta och dessutom påverka värdeskapandet i revisionsbranschen. Vidare tyder teorin och empirin på att det kommer skapas mervärde genom att revisorerna således kommer fokusera på att skapa värde för kunden. Slutligen förväntas digitaliseringen påverka efterfrågan på revisionen och vilka egenskaper som behövs hos en revisor, vilket är sociala och tekniska egenskaper samt bedömningsförmågan.There are studies that indicate big changes concerning audit industries as the digitalization continues to develop. It is known that the audit offices can no longer ignore the fact that digitalization has taken an important role in our society. Previous research shows that the audit industry is one of the many industries that has been affected by digitalization, this because many of the tasks have been replaced by new technology. The purpose of this study has been to investigate how digitalization has affected the audit industry. In this report, a qualitative method has been used where five employees by PwC have been interviewed. The empiricism that was collected during the interviews was analyzed through the use of the theories presented with the aim of answering the study’s two main questions. Subsequently, an analysis of the content was performed where correlations found by the collected empiricism were compared to the theories of the study. The result of the study was that the digitalization has already contributed to changes in the phases of the audit process and the auditor role. Furthermore, the digitalization has resulted in a more efficient way and increased the credibility of the audit. The development of digitalization has been predicted to continue and also affect value creation in the audit industry. The collected theory and empiricism show that the auditors focusing more on creating value for the customers. Finally, digitalization is expected to have an impact on the demand for the audit and its qualities.
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Nörell, Fredrik. "Träningsapplikationer och Deras Inverkan på Användaren, En studie om fysisk aktivitet och dess upplevda motivation, hälsa och generella välbefinnande." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20305.
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Denna uppsats omfattar en undersökning som gjordes mellan januari och april 2018. Undersökningen gjordes i syfte att ta reda på om det fanns någon korrelation mellan personers användande av träningsapplikationer och deras självrapporterade motivation, hälsa och generella välbefinnande. 14 personer deltog och delades in i två grupper, beroende på om de vid det tillfället använde en träningsapplikation eller inte. Undersökningen gjordes med hjälp av Googles nätbaserade enkät för att samla in data, och en litteraturstudie för att stödja analyserna och diskussionerna av datainsamlingens resultat. Från resultaten som vi fick ut kunde vi bland annat se att motivationen hos användarna av träningsapplikationer ökar om de kan se att de gör framsteg, och att beroende på kön och ålder så används träningsapplikationer annorlunda.This paper contains the information and output from a inquiry done between January and April 2018. The inquiry was done with the purpose to find out whether there was any correlation between a person’s usage of a fitness application and that person´s perceived motivation, health and general well-being. 14 participants answered the inquiry and where divided into two groups, depending on how they answered when asked if they currently used a fitness application. The inquiries were conducted online through Google Survey in order to collect data about the participants, and literature reviews where conducted in order to support the analysis and discussions we made from the results of the collected data. From the results that we gathered we could, amongst others, form the analysis that individually adapted fitness applications and automated updates of the user’s results where what would get more participants to start using fitness applications.
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Brolin, Nord Elin. "En studie av skador hos stolar från renässansen 1560-tal till biedermeier 1850-tal. : Ett arbete om sambandet mellan konstruktion, material och skadebild." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Malmstens Linköpings universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150581.
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Through the selection of six representative typical Swedish chairs from each era, I present manufacturing techniques and how the craftsmanship has affected the style of the chairs over time. My main source material is the objects themselves. I chose to analyze the constructions and what can distinguish them apart in techniques, material choices, aesthetics and design. The main part of my work has been to find out what are the most occurring damages and its causes. Most damages from renaissance to biedermeier can be linked to the mortise joint. Through interviews with experienced conservators and with my own experiences as a cabinet maker and conservator, I discuss the concept of the ultimate chair design in terms of stability. I have come to the conclusion that the most solid chair is the eight to twelve framed chairs from the Renaissance, but the chair must be adapted to the intended use.
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Harrington, Erin Jean. "Gynaehorror: Women, theory and horror film." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Cultural Studies, School of Humanities and Creative Arts, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9586.
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This thesis offers an analysis of women in horror film through an in depth exploration of what I term ‘gynaehorror’ – horror films that are concerned with female sex, sexuality and reproduction. While this is a broad and fruitful area of study, work in it has been shaped by a pronounced emphasis upon psychoanalytic theory, which I argue has limited the field of inquiry. To challenge this, this thesis achieves three things. Firstly, I interrogate a subgenre of horror that has not been studied in depth for twenty years, but that is experiencing renewed interest. Secondly, I analyse aspects of this subgenre outside of the dominant modes of inquiry by placing an emphasis upon philosophies of sex, gender and corporeality, rather than focussing on psychodynamic approaches. Thirdly, I consider not only what these theories may do for the study of horror films, but what spaces of inquiry horror films may open up within these philosophical areas.
To do this, I focus on six broad streams: the current limitations and opportunities in the field of horror scholarship, which I augment with a discussion of women’s bodies, houses and spatiality; the relationship between normative heterosexuality and the twin figures of the chaste virgin and the voracious vagina dentata; the representation and expression of female subjectivity in horror films that feature pregnancy and abortion; the manner in which reproductive technology is bound up within hegemonic constructions of gender and power, as is evidenced by the figure of the ‘mad scientist’; the way that discourses of motherhood and maternity in horror films shift over time, but nonetheless result in the demonisation of the mother; and the theoretical and corporeal possibilities opened up through Deleuze and Guattari’s model of schizoanalysis, with specific regard to the 'Alien' films. As such, this thesis makes a unique contribution to the study of women in horror film, while also advocating for an expansion of the theoretical repertoire available to the horror scholar.
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ANDERSSON, MONICA. "”Barnens intresse styr över hur vi arbetar med naturvetenskap och teknik i förskolan” : En studie av förskollärarens sätt att beskriva hur de kan tillvarata och utveckla de yngsta barnens, 1–3 år, intresse för ämnena fysik och teknik." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71347.
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Syftet med denna studie är att få en fördjupad förståelse av hur en förskola kan arbeta med ämnena naturvetenskap och teknik på ett genomtänkt sätt. Avsikten med studien är också att bidra med mer kunskap om på vilka olika sätt pedagoger kan ta tillvara och utveckla barnens intresse för teknik och fysik. Studien är kvalitativ och har genomförts genom att studera dokumentation från sociala medier som den studerade förskolan publicerat. Dokumentationen har sedan varit en grund för de semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes. För att komma fram till resultatet som gjorts har den fenomenografiska analysmodellen använts. Resultatet som framkom ifrån de tre intervjuer som gjordes, visar att pedagogerna på denna förskola inte ser några hinder med att arbeta med ämnena naturvetenskap och teknik med de allra yngsta barnen, 1–3 år, trots att de saknar en formell fördjupad utbildning inom ämnena. Pedagogerna ser bara möjligheter. Förskolan arbetar Reggio Emilia inspirerat och har arbetat fram en praktikgemenskap, där de skapar goda förutsättningar för undervisning i naturvetenskap och teknik.The aim of this study is to gain an in-depth understanding of how a preschool can work with the subjects of science and technology in a well-thought-out way. The purpose of the study is also to provide more knowledge about which different ways pedagogues can use and develop the children's interest in technology and physics. The study is qualitative and has been carried out by studying documentation from social media published by the preschool. The documentation has since been a basis for the semi-structured interviews that were conducted. To reach the result, the phenomenographic analysis model has been used. The result shows that the three teachers interviewed at this preschool see no obstacles to working with the subjects of science and technology with the youngest children, 1-3 years, even though they lack a formal in-depth education in the subjects. The preschool teachers only see opportunities. To create the best conditions for teaching science and technology the preschool has worked out a community of practice inspired by Reggio Emilia.
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Sand, Cordelia. "In Theory, There's Hope: Queer Co-(m)motions of Science and Subjectivity." 2016. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/443.
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Given the state of the planet at present —specifically, the linked global ecological and economic crises that conjure dark imaginings and nihilistic actualities of increasing resource depletion, poisonings, and wide-scale sufferings and extinctions—I ask What might we hope now? What points of intervention offer possibility for transformation? At best, the response can only be partial. The approach this thesis takes initiates from specific pre-discursive assumptions. The first understands current conditions as having been produced, and continuing to be so, through practices that enact and sustain neoliberal relations. Secondly, these practices are expressive of a subjectivity tied to a Cartesian worldview, which, therefore, needs to be interrupted at its foundational roots. Thirdly, the scaffolding that supports this subjectivity draws on Newtonian science and neo-Darwinian narratives deemed to be natural law and, therefore, ontological, immutable reality. Contrary to modernist thinking, I premise that these two strains, subjectivity and science, are neither autonomous nor ontological, but that they are materially and contingently integral. Finally, this thesis presumes that different and life-affirming trajectories are, in fact, desired.
An integral framing of science and subjectivity provides a productive method of feminist science studies analysis and theorization. Observing the capitalist Western social imaginary through this lens reveals its philosophical and scientific infrastructures to be outdated and crumbling. Observing how emerging scientific narratives in quantum physics and systems-biology intersect with marginalized theories in process-philosophy and subjectivity reveals a life-affirming imaginary of difference, one that arrests nihilism and sets ethical trajectories in motion. Certain, though not all, percepts of feminist new materialism engage twentieth and twenty-first century sciences successfully to show that ethicality matters. Though many questions remain, this points auspiciously towards the possibility for a transformed politics of justice.
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Lapointe, Annette. "The machineries of uncivilization: technology and the gendered body in the fiction of Margaret Atwood and William Gibson." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4337.
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My dissertation examines some of the ways in which new technologies alter traditional readings of the female body and of feminine subjectivity in contemporary fiction. To illustrate these alterations, I have selected two short stories, one by William Gibson and the other by Margaret Atwood, published in the speculative fiction Tesseracts2 anthology in 1987, both of which deal with disease and women's technological access. Within this context, I examine how feminine sexuality and embodiment are deconstructed and re-written. While historically women have been represented as victims of technology and/or intimately connected with the natural world, I propose that women's increased access to both bio-technologies and communications technologies offers an unprecedented route to self-definition and cultural power. I explore ways in which analogue technology mimics women's reproductive enslavement in Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, and in which the emergence of digital technology offers some emancipation in The Blind Assassin. Subsequently, I discuss the intersections of sex work and virtual reality in William Gibson's Cyberpunk Trilogy and associated short fiction, demonstrating that digitality is not a panacea for gendered oppression. However, digitized women may have unexpected opportunities for self-definition. In comparing Gibson's Idoru and Atwood's Oryx and Crake, I discuss how women “created” for the male gaze (either virtually or by cloning) may evade that gaze and both assert their individuality and create communities among women with similar origins. Subsequently, I examine the interconnections among women, animals, and food that emerge within technologized cultures. Self-protective anorexia provides a link among Atwood's earliest writing (The Edible Woman) and her most recent (Oryx and Crake, The Year of the Flood), and suggests that the same technological facility which provides access to power also induces profound bodily anxieties in female characters. Building on those anxieties, I conclude with a discussion of the ways in which disability disrupts expectations of feminine embodiment. The constant abjection of women with disabilities is counter-balanced by those women's ability to create radical innovations of technology that transform the larger culture.
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"Account/ability: Disability and Agency in the Age of Biomedicalization." Doctoral diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57045.
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abstract: Over the last half century, global healthcare practices have increasingly relied on technological interventions for the detection, prevention, and treatment of disability and disease. As these technologies become routinized and normalized into medicine, the social and political dimensions require substantial consideration. Such consideration is particularly critical in the context of ableism, in which bodily and cognitive differences such as disabilities are perceived as deviance and demand intervention. Further, neoliberalism, with its overwhelming tendency to privatize and individualize, creates conditions under which social systems abdicate responsibility for social issues such as ableism, shifting accountability onto individuals to prevent or mitigate difference through individualized means.
It is in this context that this dissertation, informed by critical disability studies and feminist science and technology studies, examines the understanding and enactment of disability and responsibility in relation to biomedical technologies. I draw from qualitative empirical data from three distinct case studies, each focused on a different biomedical technology: prenatal genetic screening and diagnosis, deep brain stimulation, and do-it-yourself artificial pancreas systems. Analyzing semi-structured interviews and primary documents through an inductive framework that takes up elements of Grounded Theory and hermeneutic phenomenology, this research demonstrates a series of tensions. As disability becomes increasingly associated with discrete biological characteristics and medical professionals claim a growing authority over disabled bodyminds, users of these technologies are caught in a double bind of personal responsibility and epistemic invalidation. Technologies, however, do not occupy either exclusively oppressive or liberatory roles. Rather, they are used with full acknowledgement of their role in perpetuating medical authority and neoliberal paradigms as well as their individual benefit. Experiential and embodied knowledge, particular when in tension with clinical knowledge, is invalidated as a transgression of expert authority. To reject these invalidations, communities cohering around subaltern knowledges emerge in resistance to the mismatched priorities and expectations of medical authority, creating space for alternative disabled imaginaries.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Human and Social Dimensions of Science and Technology 2020
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"Exploring socio-technical relations : perceptions of Saskatoon Transit’s go-pass smartcard and electronic fare system." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2012-12-915.
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It is essential to consider what new technologies mean to the people who use them and the ways in which they are experienced and used. In the context of public transit services in Saskatoon, understanding what the recent changes from a manual to an electronic/automated system means to users and the broader community is critically important to the overall assessment of the service. Investigating users’ lived experiences and interpretations of technical artifacts is valuable to understanding socio-technical relations or the embodied interactions of humans and machines as “technologies-in-practice.”
Research into socio-technical relations has primarily focused on large scale technological systems and expert practices while less attention has been paid to “seemingly mundane” technologies or technical artifacts routinely used in everyday life. At the same time, this preoccupation has overshadowed or downplayed the importance of exploring users’ experiences and interpretations of technologies.
The goal of this research is to contribute to the sociological understanding of mundane technologies-in-practice and socio-technical relations more broadly. In order to gain insight into this relationship, this thesis focuses on bus riders’ (users) and the community’s perceptions of the Go-Pass smartcard and electronic fare system used by the public transit service in Saskatoon. The perspectives of Go-Pass users and community stakeholders (n=15) were investigated using qualitative semi-structured interviews to gain deeper understanding into the complex relationship between users and technologies.
Drawing from Science and Technology Studies (STS) and the sociology of technology literature, I propose that a sociomaterial theoretical perspective following a mutual shaping framework offers insight into socio-technical relations. Both critical and feminist technology studies literature has been helpful for developing an understanding of the wider social and political contexts of technical use which underscores this study. In particular, the conceptual insights of “socio-technical assemblages” (Suchman, 2007) and “intra-action” (Barad, 2003) have been helpful tools for exploring agency, subjectivity and power which is key to uncovering the intricacies of socio-technical relations and human-machine interaction. The four main themes emerging from this study were: 1) shifting human-machine roles and relationships; 2) the socio-technical construction of the bus rider; 3) configuring users’ and technologies; and 4) structural issues and social justice implications of technologies-in-practice.
The findings demonstrate that the use of this new system is mutually co-constructed by both social and technical factors whereby both the users and the technology inform perceptions and use. There was also the unexpected connection between users’ everyday situated uses, experiences and interpretations of the Go-Pass technologies to wider social-political contexts. There were a number of issues raised in relation to the implementation of the Go-Pass system which had negative effects or unintended social and technical consequences particularly for those most marginalized economically. At the same time, there were important benefits and positive effects on riders’ quality of life and use of the service. Finally, participants’ perspectives have contributed to understanding what the Go-Pass technologies mean to them, the ways in which they are used in practice and the ways in which the mixing of people and seemingly mundane technologies shape relations in everyday settings.
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true, Caleb J. "Eugenothenics: The Literary Connection Between Domesticity and Eugenics." 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/730.
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This is an analysis of the connection between the domestic science and eugenics. While it is made clear by historians such as Megan Elias and Kathy Cooke that there is ample connection between eugenics and euthenics, there has not been as comprehensive an analysis of the direct connections between domestic science and eugenics. Close examination of literature from the domestic science movement reveals the shared goals of domestic science and eugenics. The domestic science movement was also a necessary precursor to the euthenics movement, not simply a “re-envisioning” of home economics by Ellen Richards. When Richards died, her euthenic ideals would continue to be a part of domestic science in the early decades of the twentieth century. This analysis will contribute in part to the understanding of how, through rhetoric, nations can progress towards more unsightly policies of social engineering from seemingly benign beginnings. Eugenics may not have origins in domestic science, a field of homemaking, cookery, etiquette, and child-rearing, but eugenics certainly shares goals, purposes, and a vision with domestic science.
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Gougon, Danielle. "Explaining inaction feminist organizational responses to new reproductive technologies." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17481.
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