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Journal articles on the topic 'Feminitet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Fasting, Kari, Gertrud Pfister, and Sheila Scraton. "Kampen mot kjønnsstereotypiene: En komparativ studie av kvinnelige fotballspilleres oppfattelse av maskulinitet og feminitet." Dansk Sociologi 15, no. 2 (December 16, 2005): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v15i2.237.

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Kari Fasting, Gertrud Pfister & Sheila Scraton: Disrupting gender? A cross-national study of female soccer players’ perceptions of masculinity and femininity Traditionally football has been a masculine sport, even though there has been a dramatic increase in the number of female footballers in many countries since the beginning of the 1970s. Through qualitative, in-depth interviews with female football players in England, Germany, Norway and Sweden (N= 40), the article explores how far women, who are engaged at a highly competitive level in a “male“ sport like football, actively construct alternative femininities, subvert traditional meanings of femininity and/or respond to the cultural ideals of “acceptable“ femininity. The results indicate that the football players do all these.They actively construct alternative femininities while responding to cultural ideals of acceptable femininity at the same time. The data also revealed that sport is a social field that not only produces gender, but that it is also an arena where gender can be bent, shifted and changed. The most striking result of the study, however, was that the results were much the same across the national borders.

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2

Gundersen, Aleksander B., and Jonas R. Kunst. "Feminist ≠ Feminine? Feminist Women Are Visually Masculinized Whereas Feminist Men Are Feminized." Sex Roles 80, no. 5-6 (May 21, 2018): 291–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0931-7.

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3

Gallagher, Nancy E. "Feminine and Feminist." Digest of Middle East Studies 4, no. 4 (October 1995): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-3606.1995.tb00601.x.

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4

Bakas, Fiona Eva. "Community resilience through entrepreneurship: the role of gender." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 11, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-01-2015-0008.

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Purpose This paper aims to contribute to entrepreneurship theorising by highlighting the salience of feminine caring positions in creating novel entrepreneurial roles and investigating how these roles contribute to community resilience. Using a critical feminist economics lens, alternative conceptualisations of the economy are expanded upon to reveal how an economic externality influences entrepreneurial discourse, gender roles and community resilience. Design/methodology/approach In this interpretive approach, empirical evidence is drawn from six months of intensive ethnographic research with 20 tourism handicraft micro-entrepreneurs in Crete and Epirus, Greece, in 2012 and hence in the context of a macroeconomic crisis. Ethnographic interviewing and participant observation are used as the methods to achieve the research objectives. Findings Thematic analysis is used to investigate how gender roles and entrepreneurial roles interact and how this interaction influences community resilience to an economic crisis. Using the critical theory to critique neoclassical economics interpretations of entrepreneurship, it becomes evident that politico-economic structures perpetuating feminised responsibility for social reproduction configure feminine entrepreneurial roles, and these roles have a positive effect on increasing community resilience. By conceptualising entrepreneurial involvement as being primarily for community gain, participants highlight how feminine entrepreneurial discourse differs from the neoclassical economics entrepreneurial discourse of entrepreneurial involvement being primarily for individual gain. Social implications This paper contributes to theoretical advancements on the role of gender in entrepreneurship and community resilience by investigating the entrepreneurs’ gendered responses to an exogenous shock. Providing insight into the role gender has in entrepreneurial adaptation and sustainable business practices means that new policies to combat social exclusion and promote rural development can be formulated. Originality/value The theoretical interplay between gender and entrepreneurship is investigated from a novel angle, that of critical feminist economics. The relationship between feminised interpretations of entrepreneurship and community resilience is brought to light, providing a unique insight into entrepreneurial resilience.

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5

Tong, Rosemarie. "Feminine and Feminist Ethics." Social Philosophy Today 10 (1995): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/socphiltoday19951037.

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6

Piker, Andrew. "Feminine and Feminist Ethics." Teaching Philosophy 16, no. 4 (1993): 363–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil199316455.

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7

Varino, Sofia. "Liminal politics: Performing feminine difference with Hélène Cixous." European Journal of Women's Studies 25, no. 3 (May 3, 2018): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506818769918.

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As one of the most influential feminist theorists in Western academic circles, Hélène Cixous is often associated with écriture feminine (feminine writing), a term she coined in 1977, and with a fluid, poetic style both in her essays and in her fiction. This article investigates how Hélène Cixous uses the concept of the ‘feminine’ in her plays as a container for heterogeneity, liminality and difference, mobilizing it to animate feminist strategies that interrupt male, white and/or hegemonic forms of subjectivity. If for Cixous the practice of feminine writing is fundamentally characterized by the desire to create a mode of expression in which (gendered, embodied, racial) difference and otherness would retain their alterity, in dramatic writing she found an especially conducive medium for the realization of that desire. This article examines Cixous’s anti-realist postdramatic works, from her first produced play Portrait of Dora (1976) to her works for Ariane Mnouchkine’s Théâtre du Soleil, in the context of a feminist aesthetics of estrangement, and considers how her plays enact feminist theory’s own movement away from the psychoanalytical discourses of the 1970s and 1980s to postcolonial and materialist critiques. The article employs a range of intersectional critical methodologies for situating Cixous’s dramatic writing within a broader feminist praxis, using the work of feminist performance scholars like Elin Diamond, Rebecca Schneider and Jill Dolan to consider the liminal Other as a precarious feminine figure that Cixous re-inscribes into discourse. Feminine writing, the progressive movement away from realism towards postdramatic theatre, and Cixous’s artistic collaboration with Mnouchkine are each considered as feminist strategies towards a rendition of the subject that can reiterate its otherness on stage. The central argument is that it is the enactment of these strategies in live performance that makes Hélène Cixous’s concept of femininity as liminal difference so relevant for feminist politics today.

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8

Hensley, Melissa Anne. "Feminine Virtue and Feminist Fervor." Affilia 21, no. 2 (May 2006): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109905285777.

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9

Cahill, Ann J. "Feminist Pleasure and Feminine Beautification." Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 18, no. 4 (October 2003): 42–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/hyp.2003.18.4.42.

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Cahill, Ann J. "Feminist Pleasure and Feminine Beautification." Hypatia 18, no. 4 (2003): 42–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hyp.2003.0073.

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Cahill, Ann J. "Feminist Pleasure and Feminine Beautification." Hypatia 18, no. 4 (2003): 42–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2003.tb01412.x.

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This paper explores the conditions under which feminine beautification constitutes a feminist practice. Distinguishing between the process and product of beautification allows us to isolate those aesthetic, interapos;Subjective, and embodied elements that empower rather than disempower women. The empowering characteristics of beautification, however, are difficult and perhaps impossible to represent in a sexist context; therefore, while beautifying may be a positive experience for women, being viewed as a beautified object in current Western society is almost always opposed to women's equality and autonomy.

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12

Kelly, Greg. "Feminist or Feminine? The Feminine Principle in Occupational Therapy." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 59, no. 1 (January 1996): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269605900102.

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Recently, there has been renewed interest in the relationship between feminism and occupational therapy, but does occupational therapy continue to operate on the feminine principle which underlies the philosophical basis of the profession? There is a strong tendency by some occupational therapists to emulate the masculine principle which drives the medical model but this, in fact, places occupational therapy at a disadvantage in the prevailing male culture. Drawing on a wide range of recent literature related to education, professionalism, management, research, clinical reasoning and complementary therapies, this article argues that the feminine principle is very much alive in the theory and practice of occupational therapy today.

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13

Anderson, Elizabeth. "Feminist Epistemology: An Interpretation and a Defense." Hypatia 10, no. 3 (1995): 50–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1995.tb00737.x.

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Feminist epistemology has often been understood as the study of feminine “ways of knowing.” But feminist epistemology is better understood as the branch of naturalized, social epistemology that studies the various influences of norms and conceptions of gender and gendered interests and experiences on the production of knowledge. This understanding avoids dubious claims about feminine cognitive differences and enables feminist research in various disciplines to pose deep internal critiques of mainstream research.

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O’Brien, Anne. "Feminine or feminist? Women’s media leadership." Feminist Media Studies 17, no. 5 (March 14, 2017): 836–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2017.1300593.

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15

Feldberg, Georgina. "From Anti-Feminine to Anti-Feminist?" Women & Therapy 12, no. 4 (December 1992): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j015v12n04_11.

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16

Mackinlay, Elizabeth. "“I Am Woman Hear Me Draw”." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 6, no. 2 (2017): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2017.6.2.25.

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“I am woman hear me draw,” wrote Australian feminist cartoonist Judy Horacek in 2002, whose work draws attention to the capacity of cartoons to de/story masculinist versions of the world. Taking a critical autoethnographic approach, a series of black-and-white line drawings are explored in this paper as the kind of l'ecriture feminine (feminine writing) work that Hélène Cixous speaks of—writing that aims to release the subject away from the stagnant confines of phallocentric thought to create new forms of feminist post-academic writing.

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17

D'Enbeau, Suzy. "Feminine and Feminist Transformation in Popular Culture." Feminist Media Studies 9, no. 1 (March 2009): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680770802619474.

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18

Torrisi, Rosara. "Feminist Perspectives on the Feminine and Religion." Sex Roles 76, no. 7-8 (December 24, 2016): 520–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0721-z.

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19

van der Westhuizen, Christi. "(Un)sung Heroines." Matatu 50, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05002004.

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Abstract In the South African War (1899–1902), Boer women emerged as more heroic than their men folk. When Boer leaders succumbed to a truce, much discursive work ensued to domesticate Boer women anew in the face of their recalcitrance in accepting a peace deal with the British. But attempts to re-feminise Boer women and elevate Boer men to their ‘rightful’ position as patriarchs faltered in the topsy-turvy after the war. The figure of the volksmoeder, or mother of the nation, provided a nodal category that combined feminine care for the family and the volk, or fledgling Afrikaner nation, but the heroic narrative was increasingly displaced by the symbol of self-sacrificial, silent and passive motherhood, thereby obscuring women’s political activism. Today, a re-remembering of volksmoeder heroism, combined with feminist politics based on the democratic-era Constitution, opens up possibilities of Afrikaners breaking out of their white exclusivism to join the nascent democratic South African nation.

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20

Basirizadeh, Fatemeh Sadat, and Mahnaz Soqandi. "A Comparative Study of the Psychoanalytical Portrayal of the Women Characters by Virginia Woolf and Zoya Pirzad." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 1, no. 1 (July 9, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biarjohs.v1i1.8.

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Looking backwards at a century of capricious discourses, now after another turn of the century, one easily comes to the common point in all Feministic discourses; which all are as efforts to prove women's presence and their equality to men in various aspects of life. The passage of the decades did not mutate the nature of all these feminine studies; just have posed the topic in diverse areas; for the whole body of the Feminist dialogisms and ideas were appointed by patriarchal discourses. This indicates that the current feminist dialogisms are not totally feminine discourses, rather, feminine-masculine ones formed out of men's mischievousness saving their patriarchal authority which changes the discourses to a masculine/feminine relation. However, what nowadays Feminism, as a school of thought, needs is a feminine intuition, that is a moment of feminine epiphany, by which not only women will be able to reach a new understanding of femininity but men also will recognize the essence/existence of females. Discussing Virginia Woolf’s dialogism in ‘A Room of One’s Own’ and two novels by Zoya Pirzad (Persian narratives of a highly male dominated society) the study concludes that Feminism needs an intuitive feminine epiphany; an epiphany that both sexes should come to in a society, to enable the school of feminism to come to a purely feminine dialogics and be released from all the mischievous feminine-masculine discourses.

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21

Beavis, Mary Ann. "The Deification of Mary Magdalene." Feminist Theology 21, no. 2 (December 17, 2012): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735012462840.

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The past 25 years have seen an upsurge of interest in the figure of Mary Magdalene, whose image has been transformed through feminist scholarship from penitent prostitute to prominent disciple of Jesus. This article documents another, non-academic, interpretation of Mary Magdalene – the image of Mary as goddess or embodiment of the female divine. The most influential proponent of this view is Margaret Starbird, who hypothesizes that Mary was both Jesus’ wife and his divine feminine counterpart. The author suggests that feminist theologians/thealogians should (a) be aware of this popular understanding of Mary; and (b) consider what it is about Mary Magdalene as the sacred feminine/Bride of Jesus/Sophia that captures the public imagination in a way that other feminist christologies do not.

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22

Garcia, C., and M. A. Soriano. "Women, madness and psychiatry: Insane or persuaded?" European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2330.

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During the nineteenth and early twentieth century, feminist movements proliferated in Europe and USA in order to vindicate the rights of women both in the workplace and political issues, such as women's suffrage and birth policies, among others. At the same time, psychiatry tried to gain a foothold as a medical specialty, which created a positivist discourse where it was important to measure and quantify mental disorders and their possible causes. As many feminist writers have argued (Chesler, Showalter, Jordanova, and others) this occurs at the same historical moment that a “feminization of madness” was taking place in several ways: madness begins to be described in feminine terms, Freud was developing his research on hysteria; diagnostics, such as puerperal and involution psychosis were taking hold; the interest about the influence of hormones in women's mood were raising, and gynaecology was thought as the organic etiology of female madness. The hegemonic psychiatric discourse appeared to have been a catalyst for logical social inclusion and exclusion, notably influencing the design of a new feminity, distant from the danger of feminism that began to gain prominence. The boundaries between insanity and mental health were really diffuse in case of women. The aim of my work is to highlight how attitudes and attributes of women were transformed into psychiatric symptoms, as the feminist theorist support. I will make a retrospective about clinical women reports of the public asylum of Malaga from the beginning of twenty century.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Mim, Shamnaz Arifin. "Feminization of Teaching in Bangladesh: Exploring the Influence of State, Market, and Family." JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning) 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v5i1.631.

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Although the number of women teachers is increasing in primary schools, the profession is often devalued considering social prestige and remuneration. This review article thus aims to explore the ways in which existing structures of the state, markets, and families in Bangladesh are leading to feminize primary school teaching. By adopting a gender lens, this study is mainly supported by kinds of literature, policy documents, and guidelines were ‘teaching as a feminized profession’ has been conceptualized in a global-local context. The study argues that states’ existing policies regarding primary school teaching is politicized in a way that it encourages women and devalues the profession at the same time. This critical descriptive review reveals how income status within the home can shape masculine and feminine work experiences and how the whole process of teaching gets cheaper with the presupposed gender-roles. The household ideology within patriarchal structures encourages women to pursue this profession which provides them enough time to take care of the family. Finally, the societal fabrics of the market and heteronormative ideas of family are found as intertwined with the state’s intervention to feminize primary school teaching. This study would therefore hopefully lead to change gendered mindsets of not only the policymakers but also of both the men and women themselves who should pursue primary teaching as a profession where they genuinely can contribute regardless of their gender-roles.

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Das, Patitapaban. "Hearing the Unheard: Voices of the Silent." Tattva Journal of Philosophy 12, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12726/tjp.24.5.

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With regards to ecology, there has been a constant struggle between the scientific perspective and the philosophical approaches. This commentary dwells on the nature and structure of voices emerging from feminist environmentalists. Analogous to the feminist understanding that environmental degradation is a symbol of masculine domination leading to the suppression of the feminine, this paper tries to excavate the nature of a feminist perspective to environmental ethics.

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25

Patricia White. "Feminist Commitment and Feminized Service: Nonprofits and Journals." Cinema Journal 49, no. 3 (2010): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cj.0.0219.

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26

Mishra, Indira Acharya. "Feminist Voice in Abhi Subedi's Agniko Katha." Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and Society 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/researcher.v4i2.34619.

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This article analyzes Abhi Subedi's play, Agniko Katha, from a feminist perspective. Feminist critics blame that the classics of literature are partly responsible for creating and perpetuating the myth about 'eternal feminine.' They claim that there are only two images available for women in patriarchal literature. One is the image of a virtuous passive woman and the other is the promiscuous selfish woman. The author of such literary texts rewards the virtuous woman whereas they punish the promiscuous one. Feminists argue that the underlying message of this method is: if a woman wants to survive in patriarchy she must act feminine. This effects women in their real life situation for they tend to perform feminine gender roles though they are disadvantageous to them. Thus, they protest the stereotype depiction of female characters in literary and other cultural texts. The article argues that Subedi defies the traditional notion of femininity and creates new roles for his female characters. The protagonist of the play denies to play her assigned feminine role and searches for a new role for her. She questions and protests the patriarchal gender roles which are bias against women. Thus, it is relevant to explore the feminist voice in the text. The finding of the article suggests that women, too, have the potentiality to create new roles for themselves and bring change into society.

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Rosser, Sue V. "Feminist Scholarship in the Sciences: Where Are We Now and When Can We Expect A Theoretical Breakthrough?" Hypatia 2, no. 3 (1987): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1987.tb01338.x.

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The work of feminists in science may seem less voluminous and less theoretical than the feminist scholarship in some humanities and social science disciplines. However, the recent burst of scholarship on women and science allows categorization of feminist work into six distinct but related categories: 1) teaching and curriculum transformation in science, 2) history of women in science, 3) current status of women in science, 4) feminist critique of science, 5) feminine science, 6) feminist theory of science. More feminists in science are needed to further explore science and its relationships to women and feminism in order to change traditional science to a feminist science.

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Bieder, Maryellen. "Feminine Discourse/Feminist Discourse: Concepcion Gimeno de Flaquer." Romance Quarterly 37, no. 4 (November 1, 1990): 459–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08831157.1990.9925881.

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29

Moe, Angela M. "Reclaiming the Feminine: Bellydancing as a Feminist Project." Congress on Research in Dance Conference Proceedings 40, S1 (2008): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2049125500000674.

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Bellydancing is largely misunderstood and stereotyped. Few realize that it is an expressive, ancient, and woman-centered genre of movement, rooted in Middle/Near Eastern folk tradition and culture. Not surprisingly, it has received scant scholarship despite its increasing popularity throughout the world. This paper offers a feminist critique of hegemonic understandings of bellydance, based upon ethnographic research on American women's experiences. Findings are organized along five themes: discovery (of the dance and of self); healing (repair and respite from illness, injury, and victimization); spirituality (connectivity to each other, a higher power, and divine femininity); sisterhood (community, specifically woman-space); and empowerment (omnipresent sense of pride and self-confidence). I argue that bellydance is too easily dismissed as a means through which women are objectified via patriarchal views of beauty, sexuality, and performativity. These may be understood as byproducts of Western Orientalist renderings of the Middle/Near East and contextualized within our contemporary antifeminist society.

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30

Smith, Bianca J. "Sufism and the Sacred Feminine in Lombok, Indonesia: Situating Spirit Queen Dewi Anjani and Female Saints in Nahdlatul Wathan." Religions 12, no. 8 (July 21, 2021): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12080563.

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This article is a feminist ethnographic exploration of how ‘indigenous’ notions of a ‘sacred feminine’ shape Sufi praxis on the island of Lombok in the eastern part of Indonesia in Southeast Asia. I demonstrate through long-term immersive anthropological fieldwork how in her indigenous form as Dewi Anjani ‘Spirit Queen of Jinn’ and as ‘Holy Saint of Allah’ who rules Lombok from Mount Rinjani, together with a living female saint and Murshida with whom she shares sacred kinship, these feminine beings shape the kind of Sufi praxis that has formed in the largest local Islamic organization in Lombok, Nahdlatul Wathan, and its Sufi order, Hizib Nahdlatul Wathan. Arguments are situated in a Sufi feminist standpoint, revealing how an active integration of indigeneity into understandings of mystical experience gives meaning to the sacred feminine in aspects of Sufi praxis in both complementary and hierarchical ways without challenging Islamic gender constructs that reproduce patriarchal expressions of Sufism and Islam.

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Derry, Robbin. "Toward a Feminist Firm: Comments on John Dobson and Judith White." Business Ethics Quarterly 6, no. 1 (January 1996): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857243.

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AbstractThis response to Dobson and White's call for a feminine firm argues that such a concept is based on a misinterpretation of Gilligan's research. Moreover, virtue ethics and feminine ethics do not share a common approach to nurturing relationships or the moral orientation of care. Acknowledging the worthwhile goals of Dobson and White's endeavor, the feminist firm is presented as offering greater potential to achieve these goals.

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Chakrabarti, Reema, and Dr Rajni Singh. "Celebrating the Feminine Self: An Understanding of Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight." Journal of English Language and Literature 8, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 669–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v8i3.337.

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The paper examines the celebration of the feminine self in Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight through the character- Bella. While most of women’s writings carry a feminist voice asserting women’s individuality, the writers of Gothic romances concentrate more on the celebration of the feminine self rather than challenging the binaries of gender. Stephenie Meyer, by putting her heroine Bella into a traditional feminine frame provides her full scope to exercise her freedom to choose even while carrying out the prescribed feminine roles. Through the analysis of the character, there will be an attempt to demonstrate that while enjoying one’s inequality how one can prove the uniqueness of one’s individuality.

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T, Kavitha. "Narmada`s Poems in Gynocentric Criticism." Indian Journal of Tamil 1, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijot2015.

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Feminist ideologies began to emerge in the creative sphere as the feminist political conception was transformed into a literary approach. It was then that a number of artistic literature emerged that the woman was very weak, as a consumer, and acted as a supporter of the paternalistic society. In this way, many women who have full faith in feminist theory began to exhibit in their works the feminine world which the paternalistic society could not accept. Those who approached them with feminist orientation began to take the data for the next move based on the results. Some systematic approaches were used for that. One of them is the Woman Center Review.

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34

Beckles, Hilary McD. "Historicizing Slavery in West Indian Feminisms." Feminist Review 59, no. 1 (June 1998): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014177898339442.

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This paper traces the evolution of a coherent feminist genre in written historical texts during and after slavery, and in relation to contemporary feminist writing in the West Indies. The paper problematizes the category ‘woman’ during slavery, arguing that femininity was itself deeply differentiated by class and race, thus leading to historical disunity in the notion of feminine identity during slavery. This gender neutrality has not been sufficiently appreciated in contemporary feminist thought leading to liberal feminist politics in the region. This has proved counter productive in the attempts of Caribbean feminist theorizing to provide alternative understandings of the construction of the nation-state as it emerged out of slavery and the role of women themselves in the shaping of modern Caribbean society.

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Wicks, Andrew C. "Reflections on the Practical Relevance of Feminist Thought to Business." Business Ethics Quarterly 6, no. 4 (October 1996): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857503.

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AbstractI appreciate the opportunity to comment on two recent papers (Burton and Dunn, “Feminist Ethics as Moral Grounding for Stakeholder Theory” and Dobson, “The Feminine Firm: A Comment”—both in the April 1996 edition of BEQ) which deal with the subject of feminism in business ethics. Both raise important issues for how we think about the relevance and potential contribution of feminist thought to this area of research.

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Mills, Sara. "Discourse Competence: Or How to Theorize Strong Women Speakers." Hypatia 7, no. 2 (1992): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1992.tb00882.x.

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In feminist linguistic analysis, women's speech has often been characterized as “powerless” or as “over-polite”; this paper aims to challenge this notion and to question the eliding of a feminine speech style with femaleness. In order to move beyond a position which judges speech as masculine or feminine, which are stereotypes of behavior, I propose the term “discourse competence” to describe speech where cooperative and competitive strategies are used appropriately.

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McHugh, Kathleen. "Prolegomenon." Film Quarterly 75, no. 1 (2021): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2021.75.1.10.

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Kathleen McHugh explores the complex functions of women’s anger in the work and aesthetic circuitry—culture, texts, audience, reviewers—of contemporary feminist filmmakers. For all its ubiquity as a feminist feeling, anger has been little considered critically. While 1970s white theorists of feminine/feminist film aesthetics did not mention anger, feminist lesbian, materialist, and women-of-color critics lamented its absence. Julie Dash’s 1982 Illusions inaugurated an aesthetics of anger from a Black feminist perspective that exemplified the ideas in Audre Lorde’s foundational 1981 essay, “The Uses of Anger.” Drawing from Lorde’s and Sara Ahmed’s ideas about the creative value of feminist anger, together with recent affect theory on “reparative reading” and “better stories,” the essay explores four contemporary directors’ films and media works for how anger shapes their texts and critical reception and cultivates a mode of affective witness in their audiences.

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Glick, Peter, Mariah Wilkerson, and Marshall Cuffe. "Masculine Identity, Ambivalent Sexism, and Attitudes Toward Gender Subtypes." Social Psychology 46, no. 4 (August 2015): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000228.

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Abstract. We investigated how men’s masculine identification and ambivalent sexism relate to evaluations of male and female subtypes. Masculine identification correlated with positive attitudes toward male and female types that conform to traditional gender norms (i.e., masculine men, feminine women), but negative attitudes toward feminine men. However, masculine identification was not associated with negative evaluations toward other nontraditional male (stay-at-home fathers, feminist men) or with nontraditional female (masculine women, career women, and feminist women) subtypes. By contrast, hostile sexism consistently predicted negative evaluations of nontraditional female and male types, whereas benevolent sexism predicted positive evaluations of traditional female types. We suggest that masculine identification generally promotes favoritism toward traditional male and (like benevolent sexism) traditional female subtypes, rather than (as hostile sexism does) derogation toward nontraditional subtypes.

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Moi, Toril. "What Can Literature Do? Simone de Beauvoir as a Literary Theorist." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 124, no. 1 (January 2009): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2009.124.1.189.

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The past twenty years have seen a beauvoir revival in feminist theory. Feminist philosophers, political scientists, and historians of ideas have all made powerful contributions to our understanding of her philosophy, above all The Second Sex. Literary studies have lagged somewhat behind. Given that Beauvoir always defined herself as a writer rather than as a philosopher (Moi, Simone de Beauvoir 52–57), this is an unexpected state of affairs. Ursula Tidd's explanation is that Beauvoir's existentialism is theoretically incompatible with the poststructuralist trends that have dominated feminist criticism:Viewed as unsympathetic to “écriture féminine” and to feminist differentialist critiques of language, Beauvoir's broadly realist and “committed” approach to literature has been deemed less technically challenging than experimental women's writing exploring the feminine, read through the lens of feminist psychoanalytic theory.(“État Présent” 205)

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Filimon, Eliza Claudia. "Cinderella’s Ashes - New Women, Old Fairytales." Romanian Journal of English Studies 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10319-012-0014-y.

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Abstract This paper brings into focus the feminine qualities that heroines in Western fairy tales possess, as well as the roles they traditionally perform. The heroines are either rewarded or punished in accordance to how well they fit the feminine pattern, while the association of femininity with the female clearly indicates the social impact of gender ideology. Two variations on the Cinderella story will illustrate how feminist revisions of fairytales upset this rigid division.

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Colebrook, Claire. "Feminist Philosophy and the Philosophy of Feminism: Irigaray and the History of Western Metaphysics." Hypatia 12, no. 1 (1997): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1997.tb00172.x.

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Irigaray demonstrates that metaphysics depends upon the specific negation and exclusion of the female body. Readings of Irigaray's Speculum of the Other Woman tend to highlight the status of this excluded materiality: is there an essential female body which precedes negation or is the feminine only an effect of exclusion? I approach Irigaray's work by way of another question: is it possible to move beyond a feminist critique of metaphysics and towards a feminist philosophy?

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Neitz, Mary Jo, and Anne Carson. "Feminist Spirituality and the Feminine Divine: An Annotated Bibliography." Review of Religious Research 29, no. 3 (March 1988): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3511238.

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Brunsdon, C. "Pedagogies of the feminine: feminist teaching and women's genres." Screen 32, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 364–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/32.4.364.

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Swanson, Gillian. "Building the feminine: Feminist film theory and female spectatorship." Continuum 4, no. 2 (January 1991): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304319109388208.

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Prasad, Ajnesh. "Writing the Feminine: Donna Haraway and (Feminist?) Organization Studies." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 14677. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.14677abstract.

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Swanson, Gillian. "BUILDING THE FEMININE: FEMINIST FILM THEORY AND FEMALE SPECTATORSHIP." Art History 13, no. 4 (December 1990): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8365.1990.tb00409.x.

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Bullard, Roger A. "Feminine and Feminist Touches in the Centenary New Testament." Bible Translator 38, no. 1 (January 1987): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026009358703800102.

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Wacker, E., A. Fischer, and J. Schorlemmer. "Arbeitsbezogener Stress und Geschlechtsidentität." Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie 71, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40664-021-00429-7.

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die steigende Prävalenz psychischer Erkrankungen in den letzten Jahrzehnten wird u. a. in Verbindung mit erhöhtem beruflichem Stress gesehen. Dabei zeigen Untersuchungen stets höhere Werte für Stress und Burnout bei Frauen als bei Männern, das biologische Geschlecht trägt jedoch nur wenig zur Varianzaufklärung der Werte bei. Die geplante Studie soll einen Beitrag zur Ursachenforschung leisten. Fragestellung Es werden die Effekte der Person-Umwelt-Passung in Feminität und Maskulinität auf subjektive Burnout-Werte, psychosomatische Beschwerden, Steroidwerte in Haarproben als biologische Langzeitstress-Marker sowie auf Arbeitsengagement unter Berücksichtigung von Arbeitsplatzbedingungen untersucht. Im Beitrag wird die geplante Untersuchung vorgestellt. Material und Methoden Für die Studie werden 411 Beschäftigte eines medizinischen Dienstleistungsunternehmens zur Befragung eingeladen und können Haarproben für eine Steroid-Analyse abgeben. Durch Selbstauskunftsskalen werden individuelle und arbeitsplatzbezogene Feminitäts- und Maskulinitätswerte, Arbeitsplatzbedingungen, Burnout-Symptome, psychosomatische Beschwerden und Arbeitsengagement erfasst. Die Operationalisierung der Person-Umwelt-Passung erfolgt durch die Subtraktion der Feminitäts- und Maskulinitätswerte des Arbeitsumfeldes von den entsprechenden individuellen Werten. In den Haarproben werden mittels Flüssigkeitschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie (LC-MS/MS) die Werte für Cortisol, Cortison, Dehydroepiandrosteron (DHEA), Testosteron und Progesteron ermittelt. Ziele Die Effekte der Feminität und Maskulinität als arbeitsplatzbezogene Person-Umwelt-Passung sollen als Prädiktoren für arbeitsbezogenen Stress untersucht werden, um zu überprüfen, ob diese sinnvollere Erklärungen als Geschlechtsgruppen-Erfassung bieten.

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Koivisto, Päivi, Lea Rojola, Rita Paqvalén, and Tuulia Toivanen. "Book Reviews." AVAIN - Kirjallisuudentutkimuksen aikakauslehti, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.30665/av.74718.

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Päivi Koivisto A Tribute to a Great Author Worldview under assemblage. The individual, solitude and community in Ulla-Lena Lundberg’s writings. Lea Rojola The Golden Days of Everyday Life in Finnish Literature Le naturalisme Finlandais. Une conception entropique du quotidien. Rita Paqvalén Voices on Finnish Feminist Literature and Research Women’s Voices. Female Authors and Feminist Criticism in the Finnish Literary Tradition. Tuulia Toivanen A Spectrum of Voices and Otherness Toiset ambivalentit äänet. Essays in Feminine Poetics in Nordic Countries.

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Vachhani, Sheena J. "Always different?: exploring the monstrous-feminine and maternal embodiment in organisation." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 33, no. 7 (September 15, 2014): 648–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2012-0047.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to problematise the notion of woman-as-monster and draws together a conceptual analysis of the monstrous-feminine and its relation to maternal and monstrous bodies including its implications for equality and inclusion in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – Whilst exploring how female monsters are inextricably tied to their sexual difference, the author draws on social and psychoanalytic perspectives to suggest how such monstrosity is expressed through ambivalence to the maternal. The author analyses two “faces” of the monstrous-feminine in particular: the archaic mother and the monstrous womb (Creed, 1993) and develop this discussion in relation to the potential for a feminist monstrous politics of organisation. Findings – First, the author exposes the basis on which the monstrous-feminine articulates and disarticulates femininity, that is to say, how a feminist analysis of monsters may enable but also foreclose a positive articulation of disruption, disorder and disorganisation central to the conceptualisation of monsters. This is done through a reading of the maternal-feminine and literature on motherhood in organisation studies. Second, the author locates the monstrous-feminine in the body and explores how maternal bodies are constructed and experienced as monstrous as they disrupt the self/other relationship. This analysis suggests that embodying the monster comes with risks and that different configurations of the monstrous maternal are necessary for equality and inclusion in the workplace. Originality/value – The paper identifies and contributes to growing research on the ambivalence of monsters and expands a neglected area of the feminine and maternal aspects of these relationships and what this means for workplace relations.

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