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La France, Albert. "Les femmes musiciennes sous les Bourbon d’après les documents inédits de Marie Bobillier." Canadian University Music Review 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014416ar.
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À sa mort en 1918, Marie Bobillier (pseud. Michel Brenet) a laissé au Département des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque nationale à Paris un nombre impressionnant de notes, de citations et de relevés qu’elle avait accumulés au cours de sa carrière et qui, pour la plupart, demeurent inédits. Dans un dépouillement de ces volumes, l’auteur a extrait les citations, les rapports et les commentaires des auteurs des trois derniers siècles, tous sous le thème « femmes musiciennes ». Il en résulte un éventail assez étonnant des activités musicales des femmes de l’ancien régime sous les rois Bourbon, une espèce de sondage du passé à partir duquel tirer quelques conclusions plus éclairées. Malheureusement, le travail n’a servi qu’à confirmer ce que d’autres ont déjà conclu, à savoir que les femmes des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles n’avaient qu’un rôle secondaire en musique, tout comme dans les autres aspects de la société, soit artistique, politique ou social. Il faudra attendre le XXe siècle pour que les femmes puissent commencer à prendre leur juste place dans les rangs de la profession musicale.
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Tiétiambou, Fanta Reine Sheirita Tiétiambou, Anne Mette Lykke, Gabin Korbéogo, Adjima Thiombiano, and Amadé Ouédraogo. "PERCEPTIONS ET SAVOIRS LOCAUX SUR LES ESPÈCES OLÉAGINEUSES LOCALES DANS LE KÉNÉDOUGOU, BURKINA FASO." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 327, no. 327 (December 19, 2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2016.327.a31295.
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Les plantes oléagineuses locales offrent des usages multiples et constituent une source de revenus pour les communau- tés rurales. L’objectif de notre étude est de comprendre les perceptions et les savoirs des populations de la province du Kénédougou (Burkina Faso) concer- nant ces plantes et leurs huiles. La mé- thodologie utilisée est une combinaison de l’approche participative sociale et d’enquêtes ethnobotaniques. Au total,336 personnes ont été interrogées au sein de quatre groupes communautaires (Toussian, Siamou, Bolon et Peulh) à tra- vers 14 villages. Les résultats révèlent 11 plantes oléagineuses connues, parmi lesquelles quatre représentent 94 % de l’ensemble des citations. Le savoir sur les espèces ne varie significativement que selon l’âge (Χ2 = 8,11 ; p = 0,0173). Ce sont les adultes et les aînés qui dis- posent plus de savoir sur ces espèces. Les femmes sont les principales déten- trices des savoirs sur les techniques d’ex- traction des huiles et leur transformation (Χ2 = 19,79 ; p < 0,001). Ces techniques sont connues pour sept espèces mais elles ne sont effectivement appliquées que pour l’extraction des huiles de quatre espèces : Vitellaria paradoxa, Elaeis guineensis, Carapa procera et Lophira lanceolata. Les huiles des 11 espèces citées sont principalement utilisées dans la médecine (47 %), l’alimentation (37 %) et la cosmétique (16 %). La préférence des communautés pour les huiles est influencée par leurs utilisations mais également par le savoir sur la technique d’extraction, la facilité de cette technique et le rendement en huile extractible de la graine. Les valeurs du Facteur consensus d’informateurs (68 %) révèlent que les espèces que les populations consentent à préserver sont celles qui sont les plus utilitaires. La promotion de l’huile de ces plantes pourrait être un atout pour leur préservation.
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Azer, Samy A., and Sarah Azer. "Top-cited articles in medical professionalism: a bibliometric analysis versus altmetric scores." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e029433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029433.
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IntroductionCitation counts of articles have been used to measure scientific outcomes and assess suitability for grant applications. However, citation counts are not without limitations. With the rise of social media, altmetric scores may provide an alternative assessment tool.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were to assess the characteristics of highly cited articles in medical professionalism and their altmetric scores.MethodsThe Web of Science was searched for top-cited articles in medical professionalism, and the characteristics of each article were identified. The altmetric database was searched to identify report for each identified article. A model to assess the relationship between the number of citations and each of the key characteristics as well as altmetric scores was developed.ResultsNo correlations were found between the number of citations and number of years since publication (p=0.192), number of institutes (p=0.081), number of authors (p=0.270), females in authorship (p=0.150) or number of grants (p=0.384). The altmetric scores varied from 0 to 155, total=806, median=5.0, (IQR=20). Twitter (54%) and Mendeley (62%) were the most popular altmetric resources. No correlation was found between the number of citations and the altmetric scores (p=0.661). However, a correlation was found for articles published in 2007 and after (n=17, p=0.023). To further assess these variables, a model was developed using multivariate analysis; did not show significant differences across subgroups. The topics covered were learning and teaching professionalism, curriculum issues, professional and unprofessional behaviour.ConclusionsAltmetric scores of articles were significantly correlated with citations counts for articles published in 2007 and after. Highly cited articles were produced mainly by the USA, Canada and the UK. The study reflects the emerging role of social media in research dissemination. Future studies should investigate the specific features of highly cited articles and factors reinforcing distribution of research data among scholars and non-scholars.
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Chikhani, L�la. "Passage au texte ou la jeune femme � la citation." Champ lacanien N�20, no. 2 (2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/chla.020.0081.
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Wild, Dorian, Margareta Jurcic, and Boris Podobnik. "The Gender Productivity Gap in Croatian Science: Women Are Catching up with Males and Becoming Even Better." Entropy 22, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22111217.
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How much different genders contribute to citations and whether we see different gender patterns between STEM and non-STEM researchers are questions that have long been studied in academia. Here we analyze the research output in terms of citations collected from the Web of Science of males and females from the largest Croatian university, University of Zagreb. Applying the Mann–Whitney statistical test, for most faculties, we demonstrate no gender difference in research output except for seven faculties, where males are significantly better than females on six faculties. We find that female STEM full professors are significantly more cited than male colleagues, while male non-STEM assistant professors are significantly more cited than their female colleagues. There are ten faculties where females have the larger average citations than their male colleagues and eleven faculties where the most cited researcher is woman. For the most cited researchers, our Zipf plot analyses demonstrate that both genders follow power laws, where the exponent calculated for male researchers is moderately larger than the exponent for females. The exponent for STEM citations is slightly larger than the exponent obtained for non-STEM citations, implying that compared to non-STEM, STEM research output leads to fatter tails and so larger citations inequality than non-STEM.
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Koffi, Marlène. "Gendered Citations at Top Economic Journals." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 1, 2021): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211085.
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This paper investigates how women's works are perceived among their peers. I construct a dataset using bibliographic data from articles published in top journals in economics and granular information on the articles that cite them. I find that female-authored papers in top economic journals are (i) more likely to be cited outside economics, (ii) less likely to be cited by top-tier journals, and (iii) less likely to be cited by men. I conclude with a discussion on those results and their implications for females in economics.
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Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, Ángel, Carlos González-González, Jesús Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, Fernando Piña-Pozo, Alejandro Ferragut-Garcías, Juan Carlos Fernández-Domínguez, and Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo. "Visceral Origin: An Underestimated Source of Neck Pain. A Systematic Scoping Review." Diagnostics 9, no. 4 (November 12, 2019): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040186.
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The diagnosis of neck pain is challenging. Many visceral disorders are known to cause it, and clinical practice guidelines recommend to rule them out during neck pain diagnosis. However, the absence of suspicion of any cause impedes one from establishing that specific aetiology as the final diagnosis. To investigate the degree of consideration given to visceral aetiology, a systematic search of trials about neck pain was carried out to evaluate their selection criteria. The search yielded 309 eligible articles, which were screened by two independent reviewers. The PEDro scale score was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. The following information was retrieved: number of authors affiliated to a clinical or non-clinical institution, number of citations in the Web of Science, study aims, characteristics of participants, and eligibility criteria. The top 15 most cited trials, and the 15 most recent studies about treatment efficacy in neck pain, published in first quartile journals of the Journal Citation Reports, were selected. Females represented 67.5% of participants. A single study was of poor methodological quality (4/10). Based on the eligibility criteria of the articles that were systematically reviewed, it would appear that visceral aetiology was not considered in eighty percent of the trials on neck pain, showing a low level of suspicion both in research and clinical settings.
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Thelwall, Mike. "Do females create higher impact research? Scopus citations and Mendeley readers for articles from five countries." Journal of Informetrics 12, no. 4 (November 2018): 1031–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.08.005.
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Azer, Samy A., and Sarah Azer. "What can we learn from top-cited articles in inflammatory bowel disease? A bibliometric analysis and assessment of the level of evidence." BMJ Open 8, no. 7 (July 2018): e021233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021233.
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Background and objectivesDespite increasing number of publications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to evaluate the significance of highly cited articles. Our objectives were to identify the top-cited articles in IBD, assessing their characteristics and determining the quality of evidence provided by these articles.Design and outcome measuresIBD and related terms were used in searching the Web of Science to identify English language articles. The 50 top-cited articles were analysed by year, journal impact factor (JIF), authorship, females in authorship, institute, country and grants received. The level of evidence was determined using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines.ResultsThe number of citations varied from 871 to 3555 with a total of 74 638, and a median 1339.50 (IQR=587). No correlations were found between the number of citations and number of years since publication (r=0.042, p=0.771), JIF (r=0.186, p=0.196), number of authors (r=0.061, p=0.674), females in authorship (r=0.064, p=0.661), number of institutes (r=0.076, p=0.602), number of countries (r=0.101, p=0.483) or number of grants (r=−0.015, p=0.915). The first authors were from the USA (n=24), the UK (n=6), Germany (n=5), France (n=5), Belgium (n=3) and Canada (n=3). The levels of evidence were 12 articles at level 1b, 9 articles at level 3a and 15 articles at level 3b and fewer were at other levels.ConclusionsResearch papers represented 66% of articles. The majority of items have reasonably high levels of evidence, which may have contributed to the higher number of citations. The study also shows a gender gap in authorship in this area.
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Gheno, Marine. "« Être auteure, ce n’est pas encore être » : La visibilité féminine à travers les BD de Judith Forest." ALTERNATIVE FRANCOPHONE 1, no. 6 (January 6, 2014): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/af21262.
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Dans cette citation du second (et dernier) album signé Judith Forest (Momon, 71), la question de l'existence de l'auteur.e est posée. Sont mis en cause le rôle et l’identité de l’auteur de créations artistiques (en référence au travail de Sartre, Foucault ou Barthes) autant que l’existence réelle et physique derrière le nom « Judith Forest. » Je propose d’examiner la question de la visibilité des femmes dans la BD française (et la sphère publique française) à travers l’exemple de Judith Forest dont le travail a fait beaucoup de bruit en 2009 et 2011 en France pour finalement révéler une auteure fictive, une créature de papier créée par ses éditeurs. La maison d'édition indépendante et bruxelloise La Cinquième Couche a bénéficié grandement de la médiatisation des albums de qualité de Forest construits sur une « imposture » masculine qui révèle un malaise au niveau de la légitimité des femmes auteures françaises et de l'aspect médiatique des œuvres intimes au féminin en France. Nous avancerons que, malgré la qualité artistique de l’œuvre et l’intérêt suscité par ses questionnements existentiels et culturels, l’invisibilité ou le retrait de visibilité féminine peut avoir des conséquences importantes sur le milieu artistique de la BD et la présence des femmes dans la sphère publique en France.
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Gul, Sumeer, Tariq Ahmad Shah, Samir N. Hamade, Rabiya Mushtaq, and Ikrah Koul. "Effects of gender in library and information science research." Electronic Library 34, no. 3 (June 6, 2016): 488–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-08-2014-0126.
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Purpose This study aims to showcase the effect of gender in the field of library and information science. Design/methodology/approach Research and review articles published from 2005 through 2014 in The Electronic Library, a prominent journal in the field of Library and Information Science, were examined from the perspective of authors’ gender. Influence of gender was assessed with respect to at individual and collaborative levels, quality in terms of citedness and citation count, and receipt of research grants. Findings There has been an increase in the proportion of male authors over the years with a resulting decline in female authors. Male authors are more productive as teachers, while females contribute more as working professionals or while they peruse their academic/research programmes. Though the productivity in collaborative works has increased in all gender combinations, it is more prominent when authors of opposite gender team up. No significant difference is observed in the number of national or international works produced in different collaborative authorship patterns. There is no difference in the number of male and female authors in male–female collaborative works. Works sponsored by grants are produced more frequently in groups comprising male–female or male–male members. No significant difference is observed in the number of cited or uncited works produced in different authorship patterns. The number of citations to works is independent of the nature of gender-wise authorship patterns. Research limitations/implications The study examines the status of women in research, specifically in the field of library and information science. The findings of the study are based on the contribution of the authors involved with the journal, “The Electronic Library”. Readers are encouraged to expand the study by including authors that contribute to other library and information science journals. Originality/value The study is first of its kind to highlight the involvement and observe the influence of female authors in the field of library and information science research.
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Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe. "« La gloire de nostre sexe » : savantes et lectrices dans Les dames illustres (1665) de Jacquette Guillaume." Études françaises 47, no. 3 (November 29, 2011): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006450ar.
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Parmi les recueils de femmes illustres publiés au xviie siècle, l’ample ouvrage de Jacquette Guillaume intitulé Les dames illustres où par bonnes et fortes raisons, il se prouve, que le sexe feminin surpasse en toute sorte de genres le sexe masculin (Paris, Thomas Jolly, 1665) se singularise par la façon dont il s’attache à démontrer le savoir féminin en attribuant de longs discours érudits à des contemporaines, principalement françaises, désignées de manière allusive (« Mademoiselle **** »), avec qui l’auteure semble entretenir des liens de familiarité. Ces « portraits parlants », qui prouvent la réalité d’un savoir féminin représenté par des femmes qui ne se sont pas encore distinguées sur la scène publique, indiquent qu’être illustre n’implique donc pas une notoriété préalable, mais simplement des dispositions que le texte de Guillaume a pour fonction de rendre publiques. Par l’usage systématique de la citation directe ou indirecte, le texte donne existence à un cercle virtuel mais étendu de femmes savantes, dont Élisabeth d’Orléans, la dédicataire, serait la marraine et l’auteure, la porte-parole. Contrastant avec son attitude négative à l’égard des hommes, les efforts que déploie Guillaume pour mettre en valeur une communauté hypothétique de femmes suggèrent que les Dames illustres visent principalement un public féminin que l’on invite à suivre les exemples fournis par l’ouvrage. En tant qu’aperçu — en grande partie fictif — d’un savoir qui embrasse des disciplines comme la théologie et la géographie, généralement étrangères à l’expérience féminine, le livre de Guillaume serait tendu vers les lectrices tel un miroir qui réfléchit tout à la fois les qualités de l’auteure, de la dédicataire et des diverses savantes, pour faire la preuve irréfutable que le savoir féminin représente désormais un fait avéré.
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Shahid, Izza, Vanita Motiani, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Jai Kumar, Ather Hussain, Naser Yamani, Nisar Asmi, and Farouk Mookadam. "Characteristics of highly cited articles in heart failure: a bibliometric analysis." Future Cardiology 16, no. 3 (May 2020): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fca-2019-0016.
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Aim: Despite a vast array of research in heart failure (HF), no bibliometric analysis has been conducted for HF. Therefore, we sought to identify in-depth characteristics of 100 most cited publications in HF. Materials & methods: Two independent reviewers searched the Scopus Library Database using a variety of keywords to extract the top 100 articles. Results: Majority (36%) of top 100 cited articles were published between 2001 and 2005. The total number of citations ranged from 6294 to 1003. Females had less than a quarter representation in both first and senior author position. More than three-fourths (86%) of the articles were funded. Conclusion: Our analysis highlights focal areas of research activity in order to guide HF specialists toward impactful research areas.
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VIGNES, SYLVIE. "L’OMBRE DES CONTES DANS LES FOUS DE BASSAN D’ANNE HÉBERT." Dossier 43, no. 3 (September 4, 2018): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051083ar.
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À bien des égards, Les fous de Bassan, publié en 1982 par Anne Hébert, contribue à l’émergence de formes narratives nouvelles et annonce ce que sera l’extrême contemporain en littérature de langue française. Le prix Médicis qui l’a couronné rend hommage à cette inventivité, la structure très travaillée du roman faisant se succéder six récits : « livres », lettres et ce qu’à défaut de terme générique approprié on pourrait qualifier de rêverie posthume. Intitulée « Olivia de la Haute Mer », cette rêverie porte en exergue une citation de Hans Christian Andersen : « Ton coeur se brisera et tu deviendras écume sur la mer ». Anne Hébert réussit à articuler avec autant de fluidité que d’efficacité le mythe antique des sirènes ornithomorphes au conte moderne intitulé La petite sirène, créant un univers symbolique et poétique d’une « inquiétante étrangeté », où la sirène est tour à tour prédatrice et proie, appât et victime sacrificielle, ce qui lui permet, entre autres, d’interroger la féminité et les rapports hommes-femmes avec une remarquable acuité.
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Liu, George S., Brian C. Boursiquot, Nikolas H. Blevins, and Yona Vaisbuch. "Systematic Review of Temporal Bone–Resurfacing Techniques for Pulsatile Tinnitus Associated with Vascular Wall Anomalies." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 160, no. 5 (January 22, 2019): 749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818823205.
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Objective To systematically review literature evidence on temporal bone–resurfacing techniques for pulsatile tinnitus (PT) associated with vascular wall anomalies. Data Sources We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database. The period covered was from 1962 to 2018. Review Methods We included studies in all languages that reported resurfacing outcomes for patients with PT and radiographic evidence or direct visualization of sigmoid sinus wall anomaly, jugular bulb wall anomaly, or dehiscent or aberrant internal carotid artery. Results Of 954 citations retrieved in database searches and 5 citations retrieved from reference lists, 20 studies with a total of 141 resurfacing cases involving 138 patients were included. Resurfacing outcomes for arterial sources of PT showed 3 of 5 cases (60%) with complete resolution and 2 (40%) with partial resolution. Jugular bulb sources of PT showed 11 of 14 cases (79%) with complete resolution and 1 (7%) with partial resolution. Sigmoid sinus sources of PT showed 91 of 121 cases (75%) with complete resolution and 12 (10%) with partial resolution. Symptoms occurred more in females and on the right side. Most cases (94%) used hard-density materials for resurfacing. Material density did not appear to be associated with resurfacing outcomes. Use of autologous materials was associated with improved outcomes for arterial sources resurfacing. Major complications involving sigmoid sinus thrombosis or compression were reported in 4% of cases without long-term morbidity or mortality. Conclusions Resurfacing surgery is likely effective and well tolerated for select patients with PT associated with various vascular wall anomalies.
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Cameron, Richard. "Language change or changing selves?" Diachronica 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 249–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.17.2.02cam.
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SUMMARY Social and stylistic patterns which indicate language change in progress may also indicate changes of social identity across time and place. Research into three strategies for framing direct quotations in Puerto Rican Spanish finds a potential case of change from below. Yet, social and stylistic patterning of the variable may also be a function of the evolving identities of individuals within the community as they age, enter the job market, and find new places to live and people to speak with. The case for change in progress becomes apparent through a close comparison of the direct quotation variable with the stable variable of word final S. Comparable analyses are provided of word final S and direct quotation strategies across stylistic and social dimensions of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Stable word final S reveals slight age grading, a match between stylistic and social stratification, and a female favoring of standard forms. Moreover, children reproduce the class rankings which characterize adults. The variable of direct quotation strategies diverges considerably. An apparent time difference is traced by two of the three direct quotation strategies, with females favoring one and males the other. Peak probabilities of nonstandard or innovative use occur among teenagers for both female and male speakers. Other features include a mismatch between stylistic and social stratification and a striking reversal of class rankings between adults and children. A competing interpretation of the data finds evidence for age grading, the influence of gender identity in the teen years and subsequent marketplace prescriptivism in the post-teen years. Because a balanced interpretation of the data calls for two competing interpretations, two are provided. RÉSUMÉ Les comportements sociaux et stylistiques qui indiquent un changement linguistique en cours peuvent également être indices de changements d’identité sociale à travers le temps et l’espace. Nos recherches sur trois stratégies de citation directe en espagnol portoricain identifient un cas potentiel de changement à partir des couches sociales inferieures. Pourtant, le comportement social et stylistique de cette variable pourrait aussi refléter l’évolution identitaire des individus dans la communauté lorsqu’ils vieillissent, entrent sur le marché du travail, et changent de quartiers et d’interlocuteurs. Une comparaison serrée de cette variable de la citation directe avec la variable stable du S en position finale permet d’avancer l’hypothèse d’un changement en cours. La variable stable du S en fin de mot est légèrement stratifiée selon l’âge, et présente une correspondance entre les stratifications stylistique et sociale ainsi qu’une préférence pour les formes standardes chez les femmes. Qui plus est, on retrouve chez les enfants la même stratification sociale qui caractérise le comportement des adultes. La variable des stratégies de citation directe s’écarte considerablement de cette configuration. Une difference en temps apparent émerge dans deux des trois stratégies de citation directe, dont l’une est préférée par les femmes et l’autre par les hommes. La probabilité d’emploi des formes non standardes ou innovatrices atteint son niveau le plus élevé chez les adolescents des deux sexes. Cette variable est marquée aussi par l’absence de convergence entre les stratifications sociale et stylistique, alors que la stratification sociale par classes connaît une inversion frappante entre les adultes et les enfants. Alternativement, on peut interpréter ces données comme des indices de stratification par l’âge, de l’influence de l’identité du genre pendant l’adolescence, et ensuite du normativisme imposé aux adultes par le marché du travail. Puisqu’une vision équilibrée des données demande deux interprétations concurrentes, on en fournit deux. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Soziale und stilistische Muster, die fortschreitende sprachliche Veränderungen andeuten, können auch ein Hinweis für ort- und zeitunabhängige Veränderungen sozialer Identität sein. Forschung, die sich mit drei Strategien direkten Zitierens in puertorikanischem Spanisch beschäftigt, kann auf Veränderungen von Unten hinweisen. Soziale und stilistische Muster können auch durch eine sich entwickelnde Identität des Einzelnen in der Gemeinde hervorgerufen werden. Dabei können Faktoren, wie zum Beispiel Alter, das Eintreten in den Arbeitsmarkt, Veränderungen in der Wohnsituation und soziale Kontakte eine Rolle spielen. Fortschreitende sprachliche Veränder- ungen werden durch Vergleiche der Variable direkter Zitate und der Variable s-Wortendung sichtbar. Vergleichende Analysen von s-Wortendung und direkten Zitierstrategien, die mehrere stilistische Kategorien und soziale Gruppen San Juans (Puerto Rico) umfassen, werden in dieser Untersuchung dargestellt. Der beständige Gebrauch von s-Wortendung deutet auf eine altersbedingte Entwicklung, eine Parallele stilistischer und sozialer Schichtung und die Bevorzugung von Standardformen von Frauen hin. Zudem setzen sich bei Kindern Klassenunterschiede Erwachsener fort. Der Gebrauch direkter Zitierstrategien, dahingegen, ist weniger beständig. Altersunterschiede scheinen für den Gebrauch von zwei der drei Zitierstrategien massgeblich zu sein, wobei eine Strategie von Männern und eine von Frauen bevorzugt wird. Die grösste Wahrscheinlichkeit für den nicht-standardisierten und innovativen Gebrauch von Zitierstrategien ist bei weiblichen als auch männlichen Teenagern zu finden. Zudem lässt sich keine klare Verbindung von stilistischen und sozialen Schichten aufzeigen. Dahingegen setzen sich aber bei Kindern Klassenunterschiede Erwachsener nicht fort. Die Daten lassen unterschiedliche Interpretationsmöglichkeiten für altersbedingte Einflüsse, Einflüsse durch Geschlechteridentität in den Teenagerjahren und anschliessende arbeitsmarktbedingte Normen zu. Da die Daten auf mehrere Weisen interpretiert werden können, werden zwei mögliche Interpretationen dargestellt.
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Oanh, Nguyen Thi, Tran Ngoc Lan, and Truong Xuan Lam. "Egg-lying behavior of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), an Ectoparasitoid of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius)." TAP CHI SINH HOC 39, no. 4 (December 6, 2017): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10935.
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This paper describes the egg-laying behavior and reproduction capacity of Anisopteromalus calandrae in laboratory conditions. Anisopteromalus calandrae lay eggs only on the Lasioderma serricorne larvae hiden inside of grains or nests. The maximum lifespan of A. calandrae females was 32 days when they were kept with of aqua feed flour plus honey (30%) and infested with larvae of Lasioderma serricorne. One female laid 71.13 ± 4.24 eggs. The eggs were laid mostly (81.95%) during the first half of the lifespan, with the peak of 7.40 eggs/day on the 9th day. The females usually lay one egg/host larva, but sometimes they lay 2-5 eggs/host larva. They prefer to lay eggs on the 4th larval instar. Citation: Nguyen Thi Oanh, Tran Ngoc Lan, Truong Xuan Lam, 2017. Egg-lying behavior of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), an ectoparasitoid of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius). Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 416-420. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10935.* Corresponding author: ntoanh@dthu.edu.vn.Received 17 August 2017, accepted 20 November 2017
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Jia, Lena, Michael Kevin Rooney, Clare Jacobson, Kent A. Griffith, Reshma Jagsi, and Merry Jennifer Markham. "Factors associated with endowed chair allocation in medical oncology divisions and departments in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 11044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.11044.
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11044 Background: Despite an increasing number of female physicians in the workforce, a gender disparity remains in many leadership roles in medicine. Endowed chairs can provide a multitude of research and career opportunities; thus, they are coveted positions in academic medicine. We examined factors associated with holding endowed chairs in oncology across the US, with a focus on whether a gender difference existed, as has been demonstrated in top internal medicine departments more generally. Methods: In 2019, we identified 95 academic oncology divisions/departments in the US, using the Oncology Division Chiefs & Department Chairs listing in the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) myConnection forum to define the institutions included. We requested a list of full professors and endowed chairs in those divisions/departments, relying on public data on websites when an institution did not respond. Using public data (e.g., institutional websites, NIH reporter, Scopus, state licensing boards), we collected information on gender, degree, total NIH funding as PIs, H-indices, publication and citation numbers, and graduation year for these individuals. We then created a multivariable logistic regression model to examine if, after controlling for other variables, gender was independently associated with an increased likelihood of holding an endowed chair. Results: One thousand thirty-three oncology full professors were identified, 290 (25.6%) of whom held endowed chairs. Overall, and in an adjusted model, greater research productivity (as measured through publications, citations, and h-index) and greater levels of NIH funding were significantly associated with having an endowed chair. Gender was not significantly associated with endowed chair status (21.9% [95% CI:17.2-27.3] of females and 26.8% [23.8-29.9] for males held endowed chairs; p = 0.11) on bivariable analysis, nor was it significant in the adjusted multivariable model (p = 0.50). Power to detect the observed difference given the total number of professors and their gender distribution was found to be ̃53%, suggesting a 47% chance of failing to reject the null hypothesis of equal gender distributions in endowed chairs when the observed difference is as large as estimated. Conclusions: Among oncology full professors, gender was not significantly associated with endowed chair status, although the number of professors in this field is too small to definitively rule out a modest gender difference. This finding contrasts with prior work that revealed a more substantial difference by gender that remained significant after controlling for other factors in a study, including all divisions in the Departments of Internal Medicine at top medical institutions. Further work is necessary to understand what specialty-specific and institutional cultural factors may help mitigate challenges in the pursuit of equity, diversity, and inclusion.
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Pittion, Jean-Paul. "L’Adieu du monde, ou Le Mespris de ses vaines grandeurs et plaisirs périssables du Chartreux Dom Polycarpe de la Rivière (1619) : une rhétorique de l’offuscation ?" Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica, no. 15 (December 30, 2020): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9065.15.07.
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L’Adieu du Monde ou Le Mespris de ses vaines grandeurs et plaisirs périssables de Dom Polycarpe de la Rivière est paru à Lyon en 1619. Son auteur qui fut chantre de la chapelle de Marguerite de Valois à Usson, et passa neuf ans à la Grande Chartreuse, met en écriture un vaste savoir joignant textes patristiques, érudition humaniste et poésies grecque, latine et française. Dom Polycarpe pratique la rhétorique de la citation, l’assortit de disquisitiones savantes et la met au service d’une dénonciation des attraits du Monde. Il convoque les autorités qu’il cite en juges et témoins. Le discours d’un mépris implacable envers les princes de l’Église, les courtisans et les femmes, n’arrive toutefois pas à masquer la parole d’un homme toujours hanté par la sensualité. Entre amour charnel et amour spirituel, l’ἔρως qui inspire le texte est plus proche de l’ésotérisme de Philon ou de Grégoire de Nysse que de l’ἁγάπη du maître de la spiritualité cartusienne, Saint Bernard. Le texte de L’Adieu du Monde est le témoin d’une forme de spiritualité partagée par certains cercles humanistes et un exemple d’écriture baroque, au crépuscule de la Renaissance française.
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Al-Ghannam, N. A., and F. M. Fahmi. "Effect of Direct Relining on Stresses at the Denture Base and the Metal Frame of Removable Partial Dentures." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 1 (2005): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-1-37.
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Abstract The Kennedy Class I removable partial denture (RPD) can cause stress to supporting hard and soft tissues and may lead to harmful effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pattern of these stresses in three different positions before and following a relining procedure. Ten patients, five males and five females, with a lower distal extension RPD and an opposing upper class III type RPD were selected for this study. Strain gauges together with a strain gauge indicator were used to study the pattern of stresses in three selected positions. Some changes were significantly different at the site of the denture base and at the metal frame near the direct retainer. After relining, the stresses were shared partially by the abutments and partially by the tissues. Maximum stresses were reported during swallowing. No significant difference was noticed between males and females. Citation Al-Ghannam NA, Fahmi FM. Effect of Direct Relining on Stresses at the Denture Base and the Metal Frame of Removable Partial Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:037-047.
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Hashim, Hayder A., and Thakib A. Al-Shalan. "Prediction of the Size of Un-erupted Permanent Cuspids and Bicuspids in a Saudi Sample: A Pilot Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 4 (2003): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-40.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to produce an estimated equation for the prediction of unerupted cuspids and bicuspids for the Saudi population. In this study, dental casts of 65 Saudi subjects (37 males and 28 females) were used. The subjects’ age ranged from 18 to 25 years. The mesiodistal width of all permanent teeth was measured. The data was subjected to regression analysis. Results showed the Tanaka and Johnston equations overestimate the predicted tooth width of the un-erupted cuspids and bicuspids in Saudis. Results showed the predicted tooth width of Saudis (males and females) is closer to the 50% level of confidence in Moyer's chart. Multiple regression equations were estimated including the sex factor. Accordingly, two equations were estimated for the prediction of the tooth width of the un-erupted cuspids and bicuspids for the Saudi males and females. Based on the results, it can be concluded the 50% data is more accurate than the commonly used percentage Moyer's table (75%) when both sexes are combined. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study. Citation Hashim HA, Al-Shalan TA. Prediction of the Size of Un-erupted Permanent Cuspids and Bicuspids in a Saudi Sample: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:040-053.
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Moro, G., P. Charvet, and RS Rosa. "Insectivory in Potamotrygon signata (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae), an endemic freshwater stingray from the Parnaíba River basin, northeastern Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 72, no. 4 (November 2012): 885–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842012000500015.
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Potamotrygon signata is an endemic freshwater stingray species in the Parnaíba River basin, Brazil. After its original description, only citations in systematic lists were recorded in the literature and the biology of the species remains unknown, including the feeding habits. The aim of this study is to characterize the overall diet of P. signata based on analysing stomach contents and to provide preliminary information on intraspecific diet variability between sexes and maturity stages. The stomach contents of 56 specimens of P. signata were analyzed. The taxonomic identification of food items showed the presence of 13 prey orders, including insects, mollusks, crustaceans and teleost fish. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI%) indicated P. signata as an insectivorous species, with a dominance of Diptera larvae (60.64%) and Ephemeroptera nymphs (34.68%). Differences in diet were observed between sexes, as well as between mature and immature individuals. The IRI% of females showed a similar occurrence of Diptera and Ephemeroptera (47.12% and 47.86%, respectively), whereas for males, Ephemeroptera was the main item (79.56%). Immature individuals showed a dominance of Diptera (76.20%) while mature individuals showed a similar occurrence of Diptera (46.95%) and Ephemeroptera (47.23%). The observed sexual and ontogenetic differences in diet may be related to distinct nutritional requirements of males and females, and to the variation of morphological aspects of the oral apparatus and dentition of males and females and of immature individuals and adults. The essentially insectivorous diet of the species is possibly adaptively advantageous in the Caatinga semi-arid environment, where the availability of fish as prey may be subject to strong seasonal variation.
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Saǧlam, Aynur Medine Şahin, Vahide Baysal, and A. Murat Ceylan. "Nickel and Cobalt Hypersensitive Reaction Before and After Orthodontic Therapy in Children." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 5, no. 4 (2004): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-5-4-79.
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Abstract Nickel and cobalt are major components of alloys used in orthodontics. The objectives of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of a nickel hypersensitivity reaction before and after orthodontic treatment with conventional stainless steel brackets and wires. The total sample consisted of 82 patients (55 females, and 27 males) from the Orthodontic Department at the Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University. A patch test and a questionnaire were used to evaluate hypersensitivity to these metals. The statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher's exact X2 (2 x 2) test. The prevalence of nickel allergy was found to be higher in females than males (14.55% in females, 0% in males), and the prevalence of cobalt allergy was found to be 9.76% (7.27% in females, 14.81% in males). Orthodontic treatment with conventional stainless steel alloys does not appear to have an allergenic effect on the gingival and oral health of the patient. A family history of an allergy to these metals or the use of metallic objects in contact with the skin do not characterize nickel and cobalt hypersensitivity. This suggests orthodontic therapy with conventional stainless steel appliances does not initiate or aggravate a nickel hypersensitivity reaction. There was no association between the before treatment and after treatment to a nickel and cobalt hypersensitivity reaction. Citation Saglam AMS, Baysal V, Ceylan AM. Nickel and Cobalt Hypersensitive Reaction Before and After Orthodontic Therapy in Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:079-090.
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Samuelson, Kathleen, Ethan M. Balk, Erika L. Sevetson, and Braden C. Fleming. "Limited Evidence Suggests a Protective Association Between Oral Contraceptive Pill Use and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Females: A Systematic Review." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 9, no. 6 (October 10, 2017): 498–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738117734164.
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Context: Female athletes aged 14 to 18 years are at particular risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Hormonal factors are thought to predispose them to this injury. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) might reduce ACL injury risk, although the literature appears controversial. Objective: To evaluate the association between OCP use and ACL injuries in women. The secondary objective was to determine the rates of ACL injuries in the pre- and postovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle in OCP and non-OCP (NOCP) users. Data Sources: Searches were performed across 4 reference databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane), abstracts from 6 specialty societies, ClinicalTrials.gov , and reference lists of relevant papers. Study Selection: We included studies investigating the association between OCP use and ACL injuries in females of any age or the distribution of ACL injuries across the menstrual cycle in OCP and NOCP users. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: Data regarding study design, population characteristics, OCP details, outcome definitions, analytic methods, and results were extracted from the included studies. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: The search yielded 1305 citations, of which 7 retrospective observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Two large case-control studies with higher methodological quality suggested that OCP use may reduce the risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Five comparative studies examining injury distribution across the menstrual cycle in OCP and NOCP users had conflicting findings, were heterogeneous, and were limited by low methodological quality. Conclusion: The evidence suggests OCP use may reduce the risk of ACL injury; however, no conclusions can be drawn regarding differences in risk of ACL injuries between OCP and NOCP users across the menstrual cycle. Studies were limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneity, and methodological concerns.
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Settineri, Salvatore, Filippo Tati, and Giusi Fanara. "Gender Differences in Dental Anxiety: Is the Chair Position Important?" Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 1 (2005): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-1-115.
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Abstract Dental anxiety in the general population is more prevalent in females than in males. The presence of dental anxiety was studied in a group of 189 females and 176 males using the following scales: the Dental Anxiety Scale (divided into DAS 1 containing 6 items, which explores a patient's dental anxiety and DAS 2 containing 13 items, which looks at dental anxiety concerning dentist-patient relations), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the Quality of Life Index (QL-Index). The results obtained showed significant differences only in relation to dental anxiety regarding the use of instruments (such as needles and handpieces) and the tilted-back position of the chair (DAS 1). No significant gender differences emerged between the two groups in relation to dental anxiety regarding dentist-patient relations (DAS 2), depression (SDS), and the quality of life (QL-Index). The results may explain why women avoid dental care and indicate new designs to make the chair position more comfortable would be useful. Citation Settineri S, Tatì F, Fanara G. Gender Differences in Dental Anxiety: Is the Chair Position Important? J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:115-122.
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Almas, Khalid, Khalid A. Al Wazzan, Salah E. Al Shethri, and Mohammed Q. Al Qahtani. "Back & Neck Problems Among Dentists and Dental Auxiliaries." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 2, no. 3 (2001): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-2-3-1.
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Abstract In the practice of dentistry, stress, tension, and postural practices can contribute to back and neck problems. Two hundred and four dentists and dental auxiliary (87 males and 117 females) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia were surveyed to determine the prevalence of postural problems. The candidates were interviewed and observed during practice. The data obtained showed that 111 (54.4%) of the subjects complained of neck pain and 150 (73.5%) complained of back pain. Only 37% of those complaining of back pain sought medical help. Within the limitations of this study, it might be concluded that neck and back pain among dental personnel are not of a severe nature. Citation Al Wassan KA, Almas K, Al Shethri SE, et. al. Back & Neck Problems Among Dentists and Dental Auxiliaries. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001;(2)3: 017-030
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Hashim, Hayder Abdallah, and Sahar F. Albarakati. "Cephalometric Soft Tissue Profile Analysis Between Two Different Ethnic Groups: A Comparative Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 2 (2003): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-2-60.
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Abstract The aim of this investigation was to study and compare the cephalometric soft tissue profile analysis between Saudis and Caucasian Americans. The study was carried out using standardized cephalometric radiographs of 56 Saudi subjects (30 males and 26 females) with pleasant and balanced facial profiles, competent lips, normal overjet and overbite, and showing no craniofacial deformities. Subject ages ranged from 22 to 23 years. One skeletal and thirteen soft tissue variables were investigated. F-test, two samples t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis. The results showed no statistical significant differences between the Saudi males and females except for the angle of total facial convexity, soft tissue facial plane angle, lower lip length, sagittal nasal tip to the most protrusive lip distance, and also sagittal chin to the most protrusive lip distance. The Saudi females had a greater angle of total facial convexity and soft tissue facial plane angle than the males. In addition, the females had a shorter lower lip. They also had a short distance between the nasal tip and chin to the most protrusive lip. These results reveal significant differences in most of the soft tissue variables when comparing Saudis with Caucasian Americans as well as in other ethnic groups. Most of these variables are essential for the diagnosis and treatment planning of cases requiring orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. Citation Hashim HA, AlBarakati SF. Cephalometric Soft Tissue Profile Analysis Between Two Different Ethnic Groups: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:060-073.
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Al Quran, Firas A. M., and Ziad N. Al-Dwairi. "Torus Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis in Edentulous Patients." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 2 (2006): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-2-112.
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Abstract Aim To determine the prevalence of tori in Jordanian edentulous patients, the sex variation in their distribution, and their clinical characteristics. Methods Three hundred and thirty eight patients were examined in the Prosthodontic Clinic in the Department of Restorative Dentistry at Jordan University of Science and Technology. The location, extent, and clinical presentation of tori were recorded related to the age and sex of patients. Results The overall prevalence of tori was 13.9%. The prevalence of torus palatinus was 29.8% (14/47), while that of torus mandibularis was significantly higher 42.6%(20/47). Both types of tori were associated with each other in 27.7% of cases (13/47). Conclusions There was no significant difference in the prevalence of tori between males and females. There seems to be a strong association between mandibular and palatal tori. Citation Al Quran FAM, Al-Dwairi ZN. Torus Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis in Edentulous Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:112-119.
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Khader, Yousef Saleh, Oula Alsaeed, Samar Zaal Burgan, and Zouhair Odeh Amarin. "Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no. 1 (January 2007): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-1-60.
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Abstract Aim This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of self reported medical conditions among dental patients attending dental teaching clinics in north Jordan. Methods and Materials A total of 1,509 patients were included, of which 46.1% were males and 53.9% were females. All age groups were included and ranged between 14 and 78 years. The findings were analyzed in relation to age and gender. Results Overall, gastrointestinal disease was most prevalent (11.9%), followed by bleeding tendencies (9.3%), renal disorders (8.7%), respiratory disease (8.3%), and hypertension (6.4%). Only 3.2% of the participants reported having antibiotics prescribed for them prior to a dental procedure for prophylactic purposes. Conclusion Due to the high frequency of medical conditions, thorough evaluation of patients’ medical and dental care histories should be a mandatory first step in their management. Citation Khader YS, Alsaeed O, Burgan SZ, Amarin ZO. Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:060-067.
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Ozan, Fatih, Serkan Polat, İsa Kara, Dervishan Küçük, and Hidayet B. Polat. "Prevalence Study of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in a Turkish Population." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no. 4 (2007): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-4-35.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a population of 792 Turkish adults ranging in age from 15- to 72-years-old. Methods and Materials Subjects were examined objectively and subjectively for signs and symptoms of TMD through the distribution of frequency of the data obtained from a questionnaire and a physical examination using a similar methodology of previous studies. Results This study determined the prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMDs in subjects from male and female subgroups in a Turkish adult population. Both signs and symptoms of TMDs were generally more prevalent in females than in males. Conclusion The prevalence of signs and symptoms were generally greater than in previous studies of other populations. Citation Özan F, Polat S, Kara İ, Küçük D, Polat HB. Prevalence Study of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in a Turkish Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:035-042.
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Hashim, Hayder Abdullah, and Sarah AL-Ghamdi. "Tooth Width and Arch Dimensions in Normal and Malocclusion Samples: An Odontometric Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 2 (2005): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-2-36.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to establish tooth width and arch dimensions in normal and malocclusion samples and to compare tooth width and arch dimensions between males and females in normal and malocclusion samples. A total of 120 pairs of orthodontic study casts were included in the study. An electronic digital caliper was used for the measurements. Descriptive statistics and the t-test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. Tooth width and arch dimensions were established in normal and malocclusion in the present study. Significant differences were found in tooth width between normal and malocclusion samples. However, no significant difference was observed in arch dimensions. Furthermore, there was statistical significant difference in tooth width between males and females where the males showed higher mean values. The same was true when arch dimensions were compared. The results of the current investigation are of great value to the anthropologist as well as to the orthodontist in understanding dimensional arch criteria and orthodontic arch wire selection. Furthermore, it helps the prosthodontist in the selection of the correct shape and size of stock impression trays and of suitable molds of artificial teeth for fixed and removable prostheses. Citation Hashim HA, Al-Ghamdi SAF. Tooth Width and Arch Dimensions in Normal and Malocclusion Samples: An Odontometric Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:036-051.
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Grassadonia, Antonino, Isabella Sperduti, Patrizia Vici, Laura Iezzi, Davide Brocco, Teresa Gamucci, Laura Pizzuti, et al. "Effect of Gender on the Outcome of Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Phase III Randomized Clinical Trials." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 12 (December 12, 2018): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7120542.
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Evidence has recently emerged on the influence of gender on the immune system. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs), we explored the impact of gender on survival in patients with advanced cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We performed a comprehensive search of the literature updated to April 2018, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and EMBASE. We extracted data on study characteristics and risk of bias in duplicate. Of 423 unique citations, 21 RCTs were included, inherently to 12,635 patients. Both males and females showed reduced risk of death associated with ICIs use (HR 0.73, p < 0.001 and HR 0.77, p < 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analyses by specific ICI showed similar OS in both genders for anti-PD-1/PDL-1. Anti-CTLA-4 use was associated with longer OS in men only (HR 0.77, p < 0.012), with the exception of melanoma (in women, HR 0.80, p = 0.006). PFS was longer in men than in women (HR 0.67, p < 0.001 and HR 0.77, p = 0.100, respectively). Conclusively, ICIs use was associated with more favorable outcomes in men, particularly for anti-CTLA-4 agents. In melanoma, not gender-related factors may influence the anti-tumor immune response evoked by ICIs.
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Baldassarre, Roberto, Marco Bonifazi, Paola Zamparo, and Maria Francesca Piacentini. "Characteristics and Challenges of Open-Water Swimming Performance: A Review." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 12, no. 10 (November 1, 2017): 1275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0230.
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Context: Although the popularity of open-water swimming (OWS) events has significantly increased in the last decades, specific studies regarding performance of elite or age-group athletes in these events are scarce. Purpose: To analyze the existing literature on OWS. Methods: Relevant literature was located via computer-generated citations. During August 2016, online computer searches on PubMed and Scopus databases were conducted to locate published research. Results: The number of participants in ultraendurance swimming events has substantially increased in the last 10 y. In elite athletes there is a higher overall competitive level of women than of men. The body composition of female athletes (different percentage and distribution of fat tissue) shows several advantages (more buoyancy and less drag) in aquatic conditions that determine the small difference between males and females. The main physiological characteristics of open-water swimmers (OW swimmers) are the ability to swim at high percentage of (80–90%) for many hours. Furthermore, to sustain high velocity for many hours, endurance swimmers need a high propelling efficiency and a low energy cost. Conclusion: Open-water races may be characterized by extreme environmental conditions (water temperature, tides, currents, and waves) that have an overall impact on performance, influencing tactics and pacing. Future studies are needed to study OWS in both training and competition.
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Gómez-de-Regil, Lizzette. "Psychoeducation for Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review." Healthcare 9, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060737.
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This systematic review presents a brief and comprehensive summary of psychoeducational programs that have been designed for and tested in patients with fibromyalgia, with a focus on the features of the interventions and their main results regarding the patients’ clinical outcome. A bibliographical search performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and PsycInfo targeted publications, related to the terms “fibromyalgia” and “psychoeducation.” Information regarding the studies’ designs, age criterion, sample size, sex distribution and mean age of participants, and assessment time points, was recorded. If applicable, group distributions along with the main results regarding the patients’ clinical outcome, and features of the psychoeducational interventions were registered. Initial search eliciting 77 citations reduced to 10 relevant papers. Most of the reports come from two research projects from Spain (n = 6), worked with adult samples (n = 9), and most participants were females (88%–98%). Interventions reported significant improvements in the patients’ clinical outcomes in measures of pain intensity, fatigue, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, functional ability cognitive impairment, and quality of life. Results show not only that psychoeducational programs for the treatment of fibromyalgia are feasible, but also that they can be effective for managing physical and emotional symptoms, in particular, pain and depression.
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Almas, Khalid, Abdullah Al-Hawish, and Waheed Al-Khamis. "Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 4 (2003): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-77.
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Abstract The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices and halitosis among undergraduate students from King Saud University, College of Dentistry. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all 481 students; 263 male and 218 female students. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea drinking habits, and tongue coating. The response rate was 77%. Forty four percent of male and 32% of female students reported the self-perception of breath odor. Self-treatment was sought by 12% male and 22% female. Six percent of males and 4% of females experienced bad breath interference at their work. Seventy-eight percent of male and 62% of female students experienced bad breath after waking up. Brushing was prevalent among 81% of male and 99% of female students. Both miswak (chewing sticks) and tooth brushing were used by 53% male and 83% female students. Fifty seven percent of male students and 44% of female students reported caries. Bleeding gingiva was experienced by 26% of males and 14% of females. Dry mouth was common among 14% of males and 17% of females, while smoking was prevalent among 13% of males and 2% of females. Tea drinking was common among 44% of males and 37% of females, while tongue coating was equally common among both males and females (21% and 20%), respectively. The results indicate female students had better oral hygiene practices, significantly less self-reported oral bad breath, and smoked less compared to male students. There was no difference in tongue coating among male and female students. Further research is needed to examine oral malodor clinically and objectively by the standard procedures available. Students should be motivated to be a health symbol and keeping their mouths free from oral malodor. Citation Almas K, Al-Hawish A, Al-Khamis W. Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:077-090.
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Kørup, Alex, Jens Søndergaard, Nada A. Alyousefi, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Klaus Baumann, Eunmi Lee, Azimatul Karimah, et al. "Health professionals’ attitudes toward religiosity and spirituality: a NERSH Data Pool based on 23 surveys from six continents." F1000Research 10 (June 4, 2021): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.52512.1.
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Background In order to facilitate better international and cross-cultural comparisons of health professionals (HPs) attitudes towards Religiosity and/or Spirituality (R/S) we updated the NERSH Data Pool. Methods We performed both a network search, a citation search and systematic literature searches to find new surveys. Results We found six new surveys (N=1,068), and the complete data pool ended up comprising 7,323 observations, including 4,070 females and 3,253 males. Most physicians (83%, N=3,700) believed that R/S had “some” influence on their patients’ health (CI95%) (81.8%–84.2%). Similarly, nurses (94%, N=1,020) shared such a belief (92.5%–95.5%). Across all samples 649 (16%; 14.9%–17.1%) physicians reported to have undergone formal R/S-training, compared with nurses where this was 264 (23%; 20.6%–25.4%). Conclusions Preliminary analysis indicates that HPs believe R/S to be important for patient health but lack formal R/S-training. Findings are discussed. We find the data pool suitable as a base for future cross-cultural comparisons using individual participant data meta-analysis.
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Kørup, Alex, Jens Søndergaard, Nada A. Alyousefi, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Klaus Baumann, Eunmi Lee, Azimatul Karimah, et al. "Health professionals’ attitudes toward religiosity and spirituality: a NERSH Data Pool based on 23 surveys from six continents." F1000Research 10 (September 21, 2021): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.52512.2.
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Background In order to facilitate better international and cross-cultural comparisons of health professionals (HPs) attitudes towards Religiosity and/or Spirituality (R/S) using individual participant data meta-analysis we updated the NERSH Data Pool. Methods We performed both a network search, a citation search and systematic literature searches to find new surveys. Results We found six new surveys (N=1,068), and the complete data pool ended up comprising 7,323 observations, including 4,070 females and 3,253 males. Most physicians (83%, N=3,700) believed that R/S had “some” influence on their patients’ health (CI95%) (81.8%–84.2%). Similarly, nurses (94%, N=1,020) shared such a belief (92.5%–95.5%). Across all samples 649 (16%; 14.9%–17.1%) physicians reported to have undergone formal R/S-training, compared with nurses where this was 264 (23%; 20.6%–25.4%). Conclusions Preliminary analysis indicates that HPs believe R/S to be important for patient health but lack formal R/S-training. Findings are discussed. We find the data pool suitable as a base for future cross-cultural comparisons using individual participant data meta-analysis.
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Al-Omari, Quasem Diefallah, and Abed Al-Hadi Hamasha. "Gender-Specific Oral Health Attitudes and Behavior among Dental Students in Jordan." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 1 (2005): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-1-107.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the difference in oral health attitudes and behavior between male and female dental students at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). A self-administered questionnaire based on a modified version of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed among 375 dental students. The response rate was 83.7% with 48% males and 52% females responding. Female students reported brushing their teeth more frequently than male students (P<0.001). Approximately 47% of the male students brushed their teeth less than twice daily compared to 21% of the female students. Also, female students believed in the necessity of using toothpaste during brushing more often than male students (P<0.01). On the other hand, smoking was much more frequent among males than among females (31% vs. 4%) (P<0.001). Male students indicated they had been smoking for longer periods of time than female students. This survey shows male students visit the dentist only when they have dental pain. While this was more than their female peers, it was not statistically significant (P= 0.056). In general the present study showed dental students in Jordan had poor oral health. Further research is needed to examine the students clinically for periodontal and caries conditions. Students should be encouraged to be a model for oral health for their families, friends, and patients. Citation Al-Omari QD, Hamasha AA. Gender-Specific Oral Health Attitudes and Behavior among Dental Students in Jordane. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:107-114.
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Baidas, Laila, and Hayder Hashim. "An Anterior Tooth Size Comparison in Unilateral and Bilateral Congenitally Absent Maxillary Lateral Incisors." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 1 (2005): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-1-56.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare the anterior tooth size width in patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors using the Bolton Index and divine proportion. The study sample consisted of thirty pairs of orthodontic models with unilateral (twelve patients; 7 females, 5 males) and bilateral (eighteen patients; 13 females, 5 males) absence of maxillary lateral incisors. The mean ages of the selected cases were 17.7 and 17.5 years, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis. The result showed the mean of the Bolton Index in cases with bilateral absence was closer to the Bolton mean than in cases with unilateral absence. In the unilateral absence cases the width of the existing lateral incisor (5.5 mm) was an average of 1.00 mm less compared to the standard mean (6.5 mm). The divine proportion showed the maxillary central incisors were small in width as indicated by the adjusted value or they were slightly larger in width than the mandibular central incisors. In cases with unilateral and bilateral absence the Bolton Index exhibited maxillary insufficiency, which was confirmed by evaluating the divine proportion of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. The result of the present study will be of great help to both the orthodontist, whether to open or close the space, and to the prosthodontist to restore the missing teeth of patients having missing maxillary lateral incisors. Citation Baidas L, Hashim H. An Anterior Tooth Size Comparison in Unilateral and Bilateral Congenitally Absent Maxillary Lateral Incisors. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:056-063.
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Sharashkina, Natalia V., Valentina S. Ostapenko, and Nadezda K. Runikhina. "Features of cognitive disorders in elderly and old patients with hypertension." Russian Family Doctor 22, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd2018136-40.
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Aim. To assess cognitive status of the elderly and old patients with arterial hypertension, in outpatient setting. Material and methods. Totally, 356 patients included, age 74,9 ± 6,1 y., 80,4% females. For cognition assessment before and after the treatment, neuropsychological test was done, with MMSE - short scale of psychic status assessment, drawing test; literal and categoric associations test. Results. In the group <80 y. o. The prominence of MMSE disorders correlated with blood pressure values (BP): for systolic BP (r = -0,22, p = 0,0003), for diastolic BP (r = -0,13, p = 0,03), i.e. in higher BP patients there were lower points in cognition scale by Spearman correlation. In the group ≥80 y. both correlations were non-significant, for systolic BP (r = -0,05, p = 0,64), and for diastolic BP (r = -0,13, p = 0,25). Conclusion. In older age and senile patients with arterial hypertension there should be differential approach to BP management according to the age and cognition disorders, complex approach to treatment in these patients might prevent further worsening of cognitive decline. (For citation: Sharashkina NV, Ostapenko VS, Runikhina NK. Features of cognitive disorders in elderly and old patients with hypertension. Russian Family Doctor. 2018;22(1):36-40. doi 10.17816/RFD2018136-40).
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Awartani, Fatin. "Broken Appointment Behavior in a Dental School Enviornment." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 4 (2003): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-100.
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Abstract The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of broken appointments of female and male patients scheduled for third, fourth, and fifth year dental students. Data was obtained from computers used for patient scheduling at two campuses of the dental college. The proportion of broken appointments at these facilities was computed using the X2 -test to determine a difference between males and females. Results showed that male patients (14.9%) had a higher proportion of broken appointments than female patients (12.4%). Such differences among gender was statistically significant (p=4.218). The highest percentage of broken appointments was during December of 2001. Thirty four percent of these broken appointments were in the Restorative Clinic at the Darraiyah Campus (DUC) serving primarily male patients and 24% in the Removable Partial Denture Clinic at the Malaz Campus (MUC) serving only female patients. It was concluded the percentage of broken appointment s is considered to be unacceptable because of the negative impact on student learning and, ultimately, their academic progress. Citation Awartani F. Broken Appointment Behavior in a Dental School Environment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:100-107.
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Abd Ellah, Mohamed, Christian Kremser, Sylvia Strobl, Stefan Rauch, Christian Deml, Christian Kronreif, and Andrea Klauser. "New Approach for B-Mode Ultrasound (US) Evaluation of the Plantar Aponeurosis (PA) Thickness in Healthy Subjects." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 191, no. 04 (August 13, 2018): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0657-3905.
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Purpose To compare ultrasound (US) measurements in the sagittal and axial plane of the plantar aponeurosis (PA) in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods PA thickness was measured in 40 healthy subjects (mean age: 34 years) by two radiologists using US in sagittal, axial medial and axial lateral planes. Subjects were classified according to gender (female and male) and age (18 – 35 versus 50 – 75 years). All measurements were compared and the interobserver agreement was calculated. Results The PA was medially significantly thicker than laterally (mean ± std 3.1 ± 0.7 mm versus 2.5 ± 0.5 mm respectively, P< 0.001). A significant difference was found between males and females (3.3 ± 0.7 mm versus 2.9 ± 0.6 mm medially and 2.7 ± 0.6 mm versus 2.3 ± 0.4 mm laterally, p < 0.05) and between the older and younger age groups (3.8 ± 0.6 mm versus 2.8 ± 0.4 mm medially and 3.1 ± 0.4 mm versus 2.3 ± 0.4 mm laterally, p < 0.001). Good interobserver agreement was detected (0.74). Conclusion Measurement of central and lateral fascicles of the plantar aponeurosis in both planes (sagittal and axial) is recommended in the daily routine. Key points Citation Format
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Hammer, Alexandra, and Sabine Steiner. "Gene therapy for therapeutic angiogenesis in peripheral arterial disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials." Vasa 42, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000298.
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Background: Beyond pharmacological, endovascular and surgical treatment strategies for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), therapeutic angiogenesis has been advocated to relieve symptoms and support limb salvage, in particular in patients with critical limb ischemia. We aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of gene therapy in PAD. Patients and methods: A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to identify RCTs studying local administration of pro-angiogenic growth factors (VEGF, FGF, HGF, Del-1, HIF-1alpha) using plasmid or viral gene transfer by intra-arterial or intra-muscular injections. Outcomes of interest comprised all-cause mortality, amputations, ulcer healing, walking distance and ankle-brachial index. If feasible, standard meta-analysis should be performed with subgroup analysis for claudicants and patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). Results: The systematic search yielded 12 RCTs for analysis from 1163 citations. In total, 1494 patients (29 % females) were included with the majority suffering from CLI (64 %). Various endpoints were improved by single studies, but none by a majority of studies. Meta-analysis showed neither a significant benefit nor harm for gene therapy when synthesizing data for all-cause mortality (OR 0.88, 95 % CI 0.62 - 1.26) amputations (OR 0.64, 95 % CI 0.31 - 1.31) or ulcer healing (OR 1.79, 95 % CI 0.8 - 4.01). No differences were seen between patients with intermittent claudication or CLI. Conclusions: Despite promising results in single studies, no clear benefit could be identified for gene therapy in PAD patients, irrespective of disease severity.
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Lau, Simon, Catherine Guest, and Lucas Annabell. "Evolving indications and reported complications suggest total knee arthroplasty after acute and complex periarticular fractures remains a high-risk operation: a systematic review." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 4, no. 5 (July 16, 2019): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jisakos-2019-000297.
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ImportanceComplex periarticular fractures of the knee can be difficult to reconstruct with osteosynthesis, can result in poor function and can lead to increased morbidity and mortality—particularly in the elderly. Primary acute total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical option which is rarely performed, but thought to have high rates of complication postoperatively.ObjectiveTo investigate the literature regarding optimal patient selection for TKA after acute fracture with particular emphasis on postoperative outcomes and complications.Evidence reviewA literature search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Databases using established methodology for conducting systematic reviews investigating acute TKA after trauma. Two reviewers screened citations using the methodological index for non-randomi zed studies score to determine inclusion, methodological quality assessment and data extraction.FindingsEighteen papers met the inclusion criteria; totalling 284 acute arthroplasty procedures. The majority of cases were performed in elderly females and the most common fracture pattern was the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen type C. Inclusion criteria for acute arthroplasty—whether fracture or patient specific—was poorly defined. Modular, stemmed and highly constrained (condylar or hinged) prostheses were used. Complications were often seen including 44 deaths within 5 years of surgery and three instances of above knee amputation.Conclusion and relevanceAcute knee arthroplasty can be considered as primary management for an acute periarticular fracture in some cases, although patient selection is vital. These patients should also be viewed similar to fractured neck of femur patients and cared for appropriately.Level of evidence4.
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Flaitz, Catherine M., C. Mark Nichols, Gene C. Stevenson, Patricia C. Riano, Antonio J. Moretti, and Robert L. Engelmeier. "Short-term Success of Osseointegrated Dental Implants in HIV-positive Individuals: A Prospective Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-1-1.
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Abstract Purpose Except for the occasional case report, there are no studies evaluating the success rate of osseointegrated dental implants in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study investigated the short-term clinical outcome of implant placement in a group of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who required complete dentures. Methods and Materials Edentulous subjects were recruited from an HIV-dedicated clinic and a dental school clinic. Two BioHorizons® dental implants were placed in the anterior mandible to support an overdenture opposing a maxillary denture. Outcome measurements obtained six months after activation of implants were presence of pain, mobility, soft tissue status, and radiographic bone level. Descriptive statistics were used. Results Twenty-nine edentulous adults, including 20 HIV-positive subjects (test) and nine HIV-negative subjects (control), participated. The test group had six females, 14 males; 13 Whites, four African-Americans, and three Hispanics with a mean age of 48.9 years (range: 35-59). The mean CD4 count was 467 cells/mm3 (range: 132-948). The control group had six females, three males; seven Whites, and two Hispanics with a mean age of 65.3 years (range: 50-82). Short-term success rate was 100% for both groups. No difference in clinical outcome was found between the groups. Conclusion This study demonstrated dental implants are well tolerated and have predictable outcomes for HIV-infected individuals for the duration of the study and probably over an even longer term. Citation Stevenson GC, Riano PC, Moretti AJ, Nichols CM, Engelmeier RL, Flaitz CM. Short-term Success of Osseointegrated Dental Implants in HIV-positive Individuals: A Prospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:001-010.
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Hornecker, Else, Torsten Muuß, Hannelore Ehrenreich, and Rainer F. Mausberg. "A Pilot Study on the Oral Conditions of Severely Alcohol Addicted Persons." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 2 (2003): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-2-51.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the oral status, drinking, smoking, and oral hygiene habits of alcoholics. One hundred severely addicted alcoholics were examined during the in-patient treatment for detoxification (mean age: 44 years; 68 males/32 females) The study included a questionnaire and an oral examination that measured DMF-T, QHI, PBI, and CPI. The majority of alcoholics were heavy smokers (>30 cigarettes/day). Fifty-two percent of the alcoholics stated they frequently forgot to brush their teeth and 43% observed bleeding of their gums. The mean DMF-T was 20 (2 D-T, 9 M-T, 9 F-T), the mean QHI was 2.4, and the mean PBI was 1.8. Forty-nine percent of the sextants were scored CPI 3 or 4; about 25% were edentulous (CPI X). Our results indicate severe alcoholics have a high risk of periodontal break down and tooth loss. To what extent these findings were caused by general/oral neglect alone (in combination with nicotine abuse) is at present unknown. Citation Hornecker E, Muuß T, Ehrenreich H, et. al. A Pilot Study on the Oral Conditions of Severely Alcohol Addicted Persons. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:051-059.
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Al-Jasser, Nasser M. "Cephalometric Evaluation for Saudi Population Using the Downs and Steiner Analysis." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 2 (2005): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-2-52.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to formulate cephalometric norms of the Saudi population; and to evaluate whether significant cephalometric differences exist between Saudi and Caucasian patients. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 60 selected Saudis (30 males and 30 females) with esthetically pleasing and harmonious faces, Angle I molar relationship, with all permanent teeth present and no history of orthodontic treatment or facial trauma, age range between 20 and 30 years were analyzed using the Downs and Steiner analysis. The means, standard deviations, and ranges of the measurements were compared with the norms established by Downs and Steiner. Statistically, several significant differences were noticeable in the results of the present study when the cephalometric mean values for the selected Saudi population were compared with the norms suggested for a white Caucasian population by Downs and Steiner. The results of the present study are significant and showed normal Saudis have a slightly protrusive maxillae, a tendency to Class II facial pattern, and a high mandibular plane angle. These results have clinical implications in the diagnosis and treatment of adult Saudis with dentofacial deformities. Citation Al-Jasser NM. Cephalometric Evaluation for Saudi Population Using the Downs and Steiner Analysise. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:052-063.
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Hazza'a, Abdalla M., and Ghaida Al-Jamal. "Dental Development in Subjects with Thalassemia Major." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 4 (2006): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-4-63.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental development of patients with â-thalassemia major and to compare it with unaffected children. Methods and Materials Panoramic radiographs of 44 thalassemic patients taken before the age of 16 years were examined. The subjects consisted of 29 males and 15 females ranging in age from 4.9 to 15.7 (mean = 10.8±2.9) years and 44 controls matched for age and sex. The seven left mandibular permanent teeth, second molar to central incisor, were rated on an eight stage scale using the methods described by Demirjian et al.10 The stage of each tooth was converted to the corresponding numeric value and then all values were added to obtain a dental maturity score which corresponded to a dental age. Dental and chronologic ages were compared using a paired t-test. The relationship between the chronologic age and the amount of delay was also determined. Results Thirty-nine patients had a delay in the development of their dentition. The mean developmental dental delay was found to be 1.01 years (p<0.05). The range in delay was from 0.1 to 2.9 years. There was no significant difference between the mean chronologic and dental age of the control group (p> 0.05). The amount of delay in dental development increases as the patient.s age increased (p<0.05). Males were found to have a greater delay (mean 1.16 years) than females (mean delay 0.73 years), but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The delay in dental development in β-thalassemia major varied according to the patient.s age. This positive correlation parallels the general growth of thalassemic children. Citation Hazza.a AM, Al-Jamal G. Dental Development in Subjects with Thalassemia Major. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:063-070.
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Li, Guowei, Defu Ma, Yumei Zhang, Wei Zheng, and Peiyu Wang. "Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 2 (June 14, 2012): 346–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012002601.
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AbstractObjectiveSeparate meta-analyses based on case–control and cohort studies have reported different results on the relationship between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk. To clarify the effect of coffee intake on colorectal cancer risk, we performed a meta-analysis based on both case–control and cohort studies.DesignReview study.SettingWe identified case–control and cohort studies related to coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk listed on MEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, Science Citation Index and PubMed (until May 2011).SubjectsResearch literature on the relationship between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk.ResultsTwenty-five case–control (15 522 cases) and sixteen cohort studies (10 443 cases) were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing the highest v. the lowest/non category of coffee consumption, the combined results from case–control studies showed a significant relationship with colorectal cancer (OR = 0·85, 95 % CI 0·75, 0·97) and colon cancer (OR = 0·79, 95 % CI 0·67, 0·95), but not rectal cancer (OR = 0·95, 95 % CI 0·79, 1·15). For cohort studies, there was a slight suggestion of an inverse association with colorectal cancer (relative ratio = 0·94; 95 % CI 0·88, 1·01) and colon cancer (OR = 0·93, 95 % CI 0·86, 1·01), rather than rectal cancer (OR = 0·98, 95 % CI 0·88, 1·09). In subgroup analyses using case–control studies, significant inverse associations were found in females for colorectal cancer and in Europe for colorectal and colon cancer, while the subgroup analyses of cohort studies found that coffee drinks substantially decreased risk of colon cancer only in Asian women.ConclusionsResults from case–control studies suggest coffee consumption can significantly decrease the risks of colorectal cancer and colon cancer, especially in Europe and for females.
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Ouattara, Etienne Katinan, Kiyinlma Coulibaly, Théodore Dibié Etien, and Noël Guédé Zirihi. "Etude ethnobotanique de plantes antifongiques utilisées traditionnellement en Côte d’Ivoire et du potentiel de Piliostigma Thonningii (schumach.) milneredh. (Fabaceae) dans le contrôle de souches telluriques." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i1.20.
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A la recherche de moyen de lutte contre les agents pathogènes, une enquête ethnobotanique a été menée dans des villages Tagbana (Département de Katiola, Côte d’Ivoire). 102 tradithérapeutes dont 67 femmes et 35 hommes, utilisent 29 espèces de plantes pour leur effet antifongique. La famille des Euphorbiaceae avec 5 espèces, soit 17,85% est la plus représentée. Piliostigma thonningii avec une fréquence de citation de 24,24%, apparait comme l’espèce la plus sollicitée. Le criblage phytochimique réalisé sur les extraits aqueux et éthanolique 70% des feuilles de Piliostigma thonningii a mis en évidence la présence des tanins, des flavonoïdes, des saponines, des stérols, des alcaloïdes et des terpènes. Le potentiel antifongique des extraits aqueux et éthanolique 70% a été évaluée par la méthode de la double dilution en milieu Potato, Dextrose, Agar. Les résultats ont montré que seul l’extrait hydroéthanolique 70% des feuilles de Piliostigma thonningii possèdent des propriétés antifongiques à la fois sur Colletotrichum musae (concentration minimale inhibitrice est 12,5 mg/ml et concentration minimale fongicide est 50 mg/ml) et Sclerotium rolfsii (concentration minimale inhibitrice est 12,5 mg/ml et concentration minimale fongicide est 50 mg/ml). Cette étude met en évidence le pouvoir thérapeutique des plantes médicinales et les principes actifs qu’elles contiennent. Elle pourrait être d’un grand apport dans l’agronomie, dans le cadre de la lutte contre les champignons phytopathogènes.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Plantes antifongiques, Piliostigma thonningii, Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum musae, Côte d’Ivoire
English Title: Ethnobotanical study of antifungal plants traditionally used in ivory coast and the potential of Piliostigma Thonningii (schumach.) milne-redh. (fabaceae) in the control of telluric
English Abstract
In search of a means of fight against pathogens, an ethnobotanical survey was carried out in Tagbana villages (Katiola Department, Ivory Coast), of which, 102 traditherapists including 67 women and 35 men, use 29 species of plants for their antifungal effect. The family Euphorbiaceae with 5 species, 17.85% is the most represented. Piliostigma thonningii with a citation rate of 24.24%, appears as the most requested species. Phytochemical screening on the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Piliostigma thonningii leaves revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, alkaloids and terpenes. The antifungal potential of the aqueous and ethanolic 70% extracts was evaluated by the double dilution method in Potato, Dextrose, Agar medium. The results showed that only the 70% hydroethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii leaves had antifungal properties on both Colletotrichum musae (minimum inhibitory concentration is 12.5 mg/ml and minimum fungicide concentration is 50 mg/ml) and Sclerotium rolfsii (minimum inhibitory concentration is 12.5 mg/ml and minimum fungicide concentration is 50 mg/ml). This study highlights the therapeutic power of medicinal plants and the active ingredients they contain. It could be of great help in agronomy, in the fight against phytopathogenic fungi.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Antifungal plants, Piliostigma thonningii, Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum musae, Ivory Coast