Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Femmes dans le développement économique – Togo'
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Ametepe, Kossi Fofo Senyo. "Transformations familiales et contribution économique des femmes : effets sur les rapports de genre dans les familles togolaises face à la crise." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100023.
Full textIn contrast of other sub-Saharan African societies, in Togolese society women activity are more valorised or sometimes demanded and women contribute highly in household expenditures. 'Me socio-economics crisis held in Togo sine the last decades, have questioning the men economic's capacity in the household. In the same time, women trought differents strategies as pluriactivity grew their economic autonomy and became in several households the main responsible of expenditures. Furthermore, marital patterns change and show that women have more autonomyto choice their husband. This context offers an opportinuity for women to have more power in décisions making or to participate in importants decisions in the household. This situation has analysed throught the complex gender relationships in the couples with family structure datasets and longiditunal data. One of the particularity of this research is the use of couple as statistic unit along the analysis. Matrimonial patterns affect few women's responsibilities in the couples. On the other hand, women's economic contribution are important to access for decision making in household. Active women and those who contribute more than husband, say they made more decisions. However, men don’t recognize that and then claimed all decisions. Generally, men, even the inactives, say they make decisions witch need money expenditures, and women the others decisions. The economic power is not the one key for women to have autonomy in decisions making and equalitity status in the couples
Sylvanus, Nina. "Des fils enchevêtrés : Les commerçantes togolaises dans les réseaux mondiaux du textile." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0241.
Full textThis thesis seeks to analyse the changing nature of trade in Togo by addressing three variables : a trade network, a commodity and a group of female entrepreneurs. To address the economical and political deterioration of contemporary Togo - a period notably characterized by the reorganization of those three elements - it is necessary to consider the seemingly resulting "disorder" in terms of a set of entangled continuities and discontinuities. The dissertation seeks to provide a critical geography of the spatial connections at work, which women traders have established from the central market in Lomé on a local, regional and international level so as to move beyond the oscillations of the economic situation. By reassessing the formation and evolution of textiles networks, the supply chain, and female entrepreneurial culture, this study attempts to explore the global interconnectivity and processes through the lens of global filters. Rather than to consider the reorganization of the global economy and its consequences on Togolese trading spaces as resulting from the process of "late modernity", this thesis seeks to explore the multiples shifts that are at work in the process of recomposition
Iskandar, Jouli. "Le rôle des femmes dans le développement économique et social des pays en développement." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT4002.
Full textIn this thesis, we develop a reflection on the contribution of the women to economic and social development, in particular in the developing countries. We focus on the one hand on the difficulties that the women face and which prevent their active participation in economy, on the other hand on the importance of the policies of insertion of the women in the saleable output for the development. In spite of the fast increase in the level of education of the women and their rate of participation at the job market, most between them remain victims of professional discriminations. The wages of the women are still lower than for men for the same work. The entry of the women on the job market has consequences on all the aspects of the economic and social life. The paid work of the women accelerates the growth and supports the exit of the poverty. There are two parts in this thesis. The first part presents the inequalities between women and men concerning education, wages, work and unemployment. It focuses primarily on the role of women’s paid work in the development of the developing countries. The second part will supplement the first part by two statistical tests. The first test measures the principal factors of women’s difficulties and the relation between the level of development of a country and the degree of equality between men and women. The second test measures the relations between women’s economic activities and the economic growth. It appears that the improvements of the economic activity due to participation of women are more important during the emergence of the economies than they are in industrialized economies. The opening of the economic world and social to th
Koudema, Biko-Aly. "Évaluation des actions de développement dans la région économique de la Kara au Togo depuis 1960 : (Bilan et analyse critique)." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30013.
Full textQues d'encadrement, l'elevation des prix d'achat aux paysans sont indispensables pour evolution. The various developmental projects (rural and industrial) carried out in this region have as primary objectives self-sufficiency in food and the improvement of the living standars of the population. A seven-month fiels-work in the asea was carried out through direct questionnaires (documentation and discussions with the peasants). The fint past is devoted to the study of the tradional economy pratised the triple colonial period (english and french) : the most strikind of the colonial heritage is the setthing of a past of the population of kara in the south of the country where they have acquired new land. The economic and social results for the region clusing this period is almost negative. The second part descrites the development actions. The importance of these actions is justified by the inestia whick prevaite during the colonial period. These actions are divides ints three : rural development projets (fed project nord-togo project franche kara, project kara food crops project). They see charnessing as a nen technique, the massive use of cheminal fertilizers and selected seeds as indispensable in the attainment of food self-sufficiency. The technical advice given by the officials in the project zones become in many cases "decrees". These competing actions have however enabled the areas to achieve self-sufficiency in food supply. But the situation precatious due to the adverse climatic conditions affecting the region. Actions aimed at raising standard of living : the cultof work. Though a large consummer of chemical fertilizers it does not yield enough revenu for the fesmers. Its only advantage is the after-effect of the fertilizers on the other crops. This is a long term investment. Industrial projects : two principal industries have been established in the region. One textile factory, togotex. Its-establishment was as a result of the precipitation of foreogn investors. Is has never been operational due to the poor condition of the machines. On the contrary brasseriekara which has just beenopened allows for much hope. As a matter of jact these industries are still weak. The thind part assesses the results of these actions, results which reveal more failures than successes. In all, the understanding between the pea
Touré, Marèma. "Femme, genre et initiatives de développement en Afrique sub-saharienne : théories et pratiques." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010580.
Full textHow to construct theories and practices who take into account gender disparities in the global process of development, particularly in Sub-Saharian African societies ? This is the principal question raised by the thesis. Since the origins, the development discours and actions has been fundamentaly build in a gender blind perspective. The multiples pressions of the feminists activists and the action of some institutions including the united nation organisation have improve it. Many theories have been developed to adress the issue of women and development. The object of the thesis is to analyse the differents approches from "welfare" to "women integration in development" (WID) until "gender and development" (WAD). The first part of document includes the research problematic. It also defined the principal concepts and the methodology. The second part describes the global situation of african women. It reminds the principal steps of the internation women movement and analyse the context of the participation of african women into the development initiatives. Also, the experience have shown that there is a big gap between discours and practice. It is why the last part includes two case studies related to women's projects who have been implanted in senegal. The conclusion resumes the mains lessons and try to formulate some recommandations
Beauzile, Fabienne-Jessy. "Éléments d'analyse économique de la contribution des femmes au développement des pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D022.
Full textThe subsistence activities omitted in the statictics of production, incomes and employment are largely women's work. The assumption that males are house hold heads and breadwinners is one of the main reasons why women's work and their maintenance of their children is usually overlooked. The underestimation of women's activities in different fields leads to the under-allocation of resources and opportunities to women and programmes that affect them. The lack of joint conjugal funds, the segregated patterns of conjugal role relationships, the organisation of domestic groups in subsaharan africa lead to a considerable autonomy of wives. Women take part in the food strategy. The traditional division of labour by sex gives them a quasi-monopoly on growing, processing and selling their products. Low prices allow poor urban consumers to survice but prevent most women from getting a real independance. Women are kept apart the labour market : social patterns lead to segregation more than discrimination because they allow them neither to get the same educational level nor the same jobs as males
Faye, Adji Astou. "L'espace économique et social de la femme dans une région du Sénégal : Kaolack." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100052.
Full textDao, Faty. "Le rôle socio-économique de la femme dans la lutte contre la pauvreté en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Mali." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0055.
Full textTo analyse the situation of sub-Saharan African women their status in both social and economic should be considered. The eradication of poverty has been one of the priorities of the international community for a long time. The strategies chosen on the international and the national level are far from unanimous. The disparities existing between women in urban environments, and rural areas, are particularly striking as they oblige women to accept precarious conditions, given their vulnerablity. A theoretical framework oriented towards new concepts will enable economists to analyse this fight against feminine poverty and better take into account all the economic instablity and frailty with the inclusion of human dimensions. We shall question the integration of women in development. Can the consideration of women in the various development policies contribute to a better fight against poverty? Is the implication of women in this fight necessary and sufficient for long lasting social and economic development?
Dady, Roger. "Coopératives agricoles et développement socio-économique au Bénin, cas de la coopérative agricole des femmes dans la commune rurale de Allahé." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38059.pdf.
Full textLimbourg, Mireille. "Valorisation par les projets de développement du rôle socio-économique des femmes en Afrique dans une perspective de stratégie alimentaire : opportunisme-opportunité ?" Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070135.
Full text1st part : description of evaluation criteria for projects launched to meet various recommendations on women's labour and their integration in the "development" process. This objectieves can be ensured and the exploitation of the concerned community can be avoid only by a clear choice of a rural integrated development. Many obstacles eitersocio-economic or political play against this will when programms are implemented. 2nd part : a thorough anthropo-economical analysis is the only way to reveal the origin and reasons of the underlying danger of the exploitation of the concerned community. In disturbing the natural evolution process of the production "relationships" and thus the sexual labour division (competitivity - complementarity) by the modification or substitution of the normal social labour's actors, the possibility of exploitation arises. 3rd part : the case studies don't constituted an analysis support but illustrate the several types of promotors and ways of elaborating projects
Ba, Halimatou. "La participation des femmes dans les groupements économiques en milieu urbain dans le secteur des pêches à Dakar." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23862/23862.pdf.
Full textBouchard, Nathalie. "Les hommes gagnent-ils à soutenir l'égalité des sexes en milieu de travail ?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24804/24804.pdf.
Full textFauveau, Aurélia. "L'intégration des inégalités de genre dans la politique des ONG humanitaires et des organisations internationales : étude de cas de deux ONG." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0039.
Full textFighting the gender gap is one of the biggest international goals to eradicate poverty and attain development. Indeed, economical literature found significant links between the gender gap on the one hand, and growth and development goals on the other hand. Furthermore the UN made an international frame to promote women: gender equality became one of its first priorities. All this explains that International Organisations, and first of all the World Bank, redefine their international politics toward women since the mid nineties. Humanitarian NGOs which cannot be ignored on the international scene, participate in fighting poverty and inequalities too. Because they are especially efficient in their action, we question ourselves about their position in fighting the gender gap : -Did NGOs understand the impact of the gender gap on poverty and the importance of integrating women into development?-Do NGOs integrate the gender dimension into their actions in order to reduce the gender gap and then offer additional tools to development and growth?
Sagna, Marie Rosalie. "Impact de la microfinance sur l'empowerment des femmes et la lutte contre la pauvreté dans la région de Ziguinchor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26051.
Full textThis present research examines the impact of microfinance on the transformations of the economic, social and political status of the women in the region of Ziguinchor, situated in the southwest of Senegal. The examination covers the social representations which they have of the poverty and the strengthening of their power to act (" empowerment "), at the individual, family and collective level. It is also interested in the strategies developed by the women to meet the requirements of the microfinance. To seize better the logics which base choices and actions of the women, we opted for a qualitative methodology. It is based on structured interviews. Our sampling is non-probability by reasoned choice centered on a voluntary basis. Our criteria of inclusion are the age, the experience and the place of residence. The study was conducted with thirty women and with eight members of staff of organizations of microfinance. The data were also collected by of our observations and secondary sources. The theoretical approaches of "gender and development" and "strategic actor" guided this study. These put the women in the center of the analysis of the relationships of power and the social change. They helped to understand the logics of the women, their représentations, life experiences and strategies, in particular their subjective experience. We can observe three different situations within the results. The first is related with the persistence of a multilevel poverty linked with the large monetary level and the lifestyle conditions level too. The second one shows a limited impact on the empowerment of the women and the living conditions in their families. The third one explains how the economic and political context of Ziguinchor limits the empowerment of women and the improvement of living conditions in their household.
Saussey, Magalie. "Les organisations féminines au Burkina Faso : limites et paradoxes des dispositifs de valorisation d'un produit local, le beurre de Karité." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0154.
Full textNew policies against poverty bring about, in Burkina Faso, the implementation of national and international development programs aiming at increasing the value of a local product derived from a specifically female work, shea butter. Based on socio-anthropogical research in the provinces of Kadiogo and Gournla, a complex social , dynamics in which Burkinabe women producers are, is questioned. In this local arena, various processes and ( systems which have contributed to the emergence of female organizations manufacturing shea butter in accordance with international markets requirements and constraints, are contextualized. Then, various organization levels (groups, unions, associations) that allow women access to a new socio-professional status and the improvement of their economic living conditions are identified. Hence, the research shows that the women' s commitment and participation in those co-operatives do not at the end produce the desired results. Their best skills or quality production in shea butter is denied. Hence, their improvement in terms of poverty eradication and socio-economic equity become unattainable
Yattara, Maïmounatou Altini. "Accroître l'autonomisation économique pour soutenir l'empowerment des femmes rurales au Mali : étude de deux structures collectives féminines de la région de Koulikoro (l'association «Musow jigitugu-ton» des productrices de farines infantiles de la commune de Toubacoro et l'union «Si yiriwa» des productrices de beurre de Karité du Cercle de Dioïla)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27948.
Full textRural women in Mali are essential actors in agriculture, which is the most important field of the country’s economy. To promote inclusive development and women’s economic empowerment, the Malian government and local municipalities have set “self-promotion centers” to promote rural women empowerment. This study examines the self-promotion centers of the association "Musow jigitugu-ton" of Toubacoro and the union "Si yiriwa" of Dioïla. The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of economic empowerment activities in women's empowerment. Using a qualitative approach, individual interviews and focus groups were carried out with 31 women, 1 manager and 10 managers of the partner organisations. The results indicate that activities of the centers improved women economic empowerment who are members, but efforts are still needed to manage the income generated by women in order to maintain their self-promotion. The results also show that economic empowerment is a vehicle for the empowerment of rural women. However, this process is still very much affected by the male dominance deeply integrated by women. Partners' approaches are failing in this regard and some measures must be taken to integrate gender approach in all actions if self-promotion centers are to fulfill their roles. Keywords: women economic empowerment, women empowerment, self-promotion center, rural women, male dominance.
Sarr, Ndeye Faty. "Impacts des microcrédits de l'Union des Mutuelles pour la Mobilisation de l'Épargne et le Crédit (UM-PAMECAS) sur les conditions économique et sociale des femmes : "Empowerment" ou instrumentalisation?" Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25759.
Full textThis qualitative study deals with the effects of microcredits on the economical and social Empowerment of women. Therefore, we conducted the case study of l’Union des Mutuelles-Partenariat pour la Mobilisation de l’Épargne et le Crédit au Sénégal (UM-PAMECAS), a microcredit organization which started its operations in the mid 1990s. Several sources of data were constructed from interviews, participant observation and documentary sources. Thus, we interviewed 40 women and UM-PAMECAS microcredit beneficiaries, 13 of them being employees of the organization. The perspective of the global approach was adopted in this research. It has allowed us to analyze and understand the characteristics, operation, and economic and social impact of the spread of microcredit as a mechanism or mode of development in women. In order to measure the effects of microfinance on beneficiaries, we used a central concept, namely the emancipation of women. Based on the different definitions of the concept of Empowerment and its indicators, we developed our model for analyzing the economic and social Empowerment of women who are beneficiaries of UM-PAMECAS microcredit. The results indicate that women’s access to microcredit has fostered economic Empowerment of women with the strengthening of their professional activities and financial autonomy. However, this economic Empowerment is undermined by both ideological and structural factors. As far as the effects of microcredit on the social and political Empowerment are concerned, they are rather weak mainly due to the permanence of the traditional way of regulating social relations between the sexes. Keywords: Microfinance, women, development, Empowerment, Senegal, UM-PAMECAS.
Gagné, Annabelle. "La migration et le développement dans une municipalité maya du Yucatán : Des possibilités envisageables, une accessibilité relative." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30247/30247.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is about the effects of economic globalization on a highly marginalized rural population. More specifically, it examines the relations between development and migration in a municipality of Southern Yucatan, in Mexico. The author tries to reveal what fosters or hinders people to participate in development projects and to migrate toward national destinations or to another country. Gender, ethnicity – more specifically language capabilities –, and socioeconomic status are important elements for understanding participation in those activities. The most excluded women, targeted by development agencies, seem to be unable to take part in the projects and they migrate with more difficulties. Ethnicity also plays an important role. In the community of Chacsinkín, almost everyone speaks the maya language, but Spanish as a second language is a facilitating factor for participation in development projects and migration. Finally, participation in development projects and migration is influenced by socioeconomic status and are easier for those who are included in the most powerful political and economic networks.
Bayo, Soumahila. "Microcrédit et genre dans un contexte de pauvreté en haute Guinée." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20126/document.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is the understanding of the mechanisms of the development of microfinance in relation to gender issues in Upper Guinea, in the republic of Guinea. Indeed, the examination of social relations in Upper Guinea suggests gender disparities to the detriment of women. They are disproportionately affected by many socio-economic, cultural, and political inequalities: they have little or no involvement at all in the decision-making process; they have very low levels of education and training in comparison to men; they have no control over productive and economic resources (trees, fruit trees, mines, fishing, among others). This situation results in the devaluation of their social status, significant domestic workload, and above all, women’s generalized impoverishment. Confronted with this reality, some women adhere to the logic of borrowing, which is based on micro-credits in order to start, strengthen or diversify income generating activities in the trade, crafts and agriculture sectors. For the purpose of further exploring that issue, this dissertation attempts to analyze the effects of microfinance on women’s life in this region of Guinea.Using a methodological approach, which is primarily qualitative, the examination of field realities shows that microfinance is not a miracle solution to fight poverty among women and gender inequalities. It may just as well produce opposite effects resulting in the worsening of their economic and social situation (over-indebtedness, poverty, migration, exclusion, divorce, prostitution, exposure to HIV/AIDS)
Brodeur, Abel. "Essays in Applied Economics." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0099.
Full textThis thesis applies quasi-natural experiments to test insights from economic theory, The primary focus is to test economic theories in the fields of health and urban economics using data from developed and developing countries. The second chapter documents the development of the Thai sex industry over the past decades and shows that uncertainty about quality leads to the concentration of firms. In addition, I also analyze in another chapter whether taxes or bans of addictive goods may affect agents' utility. I study whether smoking policies could affect smokers' well-being. I find that the introduction of a smoking ban has a negative impact on smokers' life satisfaction just before the introduction and a positive impact afterward. The fourth chapter verifies whether neighbors' income affect well-being. Neighbors' income may affect well-being through many channels and the strength of those channels may depend on the size of the. Locality. The results suggest that the effect of neighbors' income on well-being is driven by income comparisons and amenities. The fifth chapter analyzes the impacts of child care subsidies on parents' labor force participation and health. We find that child care subsidies have large and positive effects on the self-reported well-being of lower-educated mothers. These positive effects are also felt on health measures such as a good sleep and lower stress. This last piece of evidence is consistent with a Second Shift hypothesis. The sixth chapter focuses on research transparency in economics and documents how incentives to publish affect the distribution of test statistics
Courtois, Dominic. "Développement dans la province de Chiangmai : enquête sur la modernisation du paysage culturel, le tourisme et leur impact sur l'intégration des femmes Hmong." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17602.
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