Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Femmes inuites'
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Simard-Gagnon, Laurence. "Vivre et manger le territoire : la gestion des petits fruits par les femmes inuites en contexte contemporain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30443/30443.pdf.
Full textPaunescu, Alexandra-Cristina. "Les composés dioxin-like mesurés par DR-CALUX et les paramètres osseux évalués par ultrasonographie chez les femmes cries et inuites du Nord-du-Québec et du Groenland." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23609.
Full textDe, Moraes Pontual Mariana. "Exposition au mercure via la chaîne alimentaire au Nunavik : tendances géographiques et temporelles chez les femmes enceintes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67943.
Full textIn the Arctic, indigenous populations living off marine mammals and fish consumption may be exposed to high doses of methylmercury (MeHg). Furthermore, since their availability varies over months, there is every reason to believe that exposure to MeHg also varies from month to month. There are still significant knowledge gaps with respect to geographic and temporal variations in MeHg exposure and about country foods responsible for MeHg exposure, particularly for pregnant women in Nunavik. Several findings from the Nunavik Child Development Study highlight that fetal life is a critical moment to prevent MeHg exposure in order to avoid neurodevelopmental outcomes later in childhood. Accordingly, in 2011, the Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services (NRBHSS) released and disseminated a dietary recommendation for pregnant and childbearing age women to reduce their consumption of beluga meat. The aim of the present study was to characterize the geographic and temporal variations in MeHg exposure among Inuit women during pregnancy and to better identify country foods responsible for these variations. This cross-sectional study was carried out with pregnant women aged 16 and over in Nunavik between October 2016 and March 2017. Pregnant women were recruited on a voluntary basis and blood and hair samples were collected. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on pregnancy, country food frequencies of consumption by season and awareness of public health messages. Blood total Hg was measured using Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Hair total Hg was measured by centimeter as a surrogate for monthly exposure using Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Multiple regressions analyses were done to assess the seasonal variation and the regional difference of mercury (Hg) levels. A latent class growth analysis was conducted to identify pregnant women with similar monthly trajectories in hair Hg levels over time. Based on the MeHg concentrations in country foods and consumption frequencies, their seasonal daily intake of MeHg was estimated. In total, 97 pregnant women from the 13 of the 14 Nunavik communities were recruited. Up to 23% of participants had blood Hg levels above the Health Canada guideline (≥ 8 µg/L) at the recruitment time (Oct 2016 – March 2017). While no regional difference in hair and blood Hg were observed in this period, sequential Hg hair analyses show important monthly variations in Hg exposure over the past year as Hg hair concentrations were significantly higher in summer (< 0.05) and lower in winter (p < 0.001) Three latent classes (groups) of pregnant women with similar trajectories of Hg hair monthly variations were identified: high variation (n=20, 22%), moderate variation (n=38, 41%) and low variation over time (n=35, 38%). Beluga meat was the country food generally contributing to most of daily MeHg intake within each group of pregnant women for all seasons, but primarily in the summer. Beluga meat intake was also the only country food associated to the odd of being classified into moderate and high hair Hg monthly variations groups (OR = 1.19 [1.01-1.39] for moderate versus low; OR = 1.25 [1.04 -1.50] for high versus low). Only one-third (35%) of pregnant women were aware of the public health message recommending to reduce their consumption of beluga meat. Our study shows a high MeHg exposure among Nunavik pregnant women, particularly in the summer, and that beluga meat consumption was the primary source of exposure to MeHg among these women. This study also highlight the importance of documenting the seasonality in country foods consumption before conducting biomonitoring studies in order to more adequately assess MeHg exposure on an annual basis. Given the high prevalence of food insecurity in Nunavik and the central role that country foods play in the culture and nutritional status of Inuit, a more consolidated approach together with local health professionals and targeted dietary counselling as summer is coming and in villages where beluga meat is often consumed may be promising avenues for preventing MeHg exposure while promoting traditional foods for healthy pregnancies and children in Nunavik.
Plante, Céline. "Statut et apports en fer chez les femmes non enceintes du Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25265/25265.pdf.
Full textPaunescu, Alexandra. "Les composés dioxin-like mesurés par DR-CALUX et les paramètres osseux évalués par ultrasonographie chez les femmes cries et inuites du Nord-du-Québec et du Groenland." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29147/29147.pdf.
Full textAudet-Delage, Yannick. "Perturbation du transport plasmatique des hormones thyroïdiennes par les contaminants environnementaux chez les femmes Inuit en âge de procréer du Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29928/29928.pdf.
Full textThe Inuit population of Nunavik is exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through its traditional diet. Some POPs (i.e. hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls, pentachlorophenol and perfluorooctane sulfonate) compete with thyroxin (T4) for binding sites on transthyretin (TTR), a transport protein of thyroid hormones. We tested the hypothesis that POPs decrease circulating concentrations of T4 bound to TTR (T4-TTR) in Inuit women of reproductive age, who were previously enrolled in the 2004 Inuit health study Qanuippitaa? How are we?. We measured the concentration of T4-TTR in plasma samples obtained from 120 Inuit women (18-39 years old). Linear regression analyses revealed that TTR, TBG and total T4 concentrations were significant predictors (p < 0.002) of T4-TTR levels but not POPs levels (model adjusted R-square = 0.27, p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that circulating levels of POPs in these women are not high enough to affect TTR-mediated thyroid hormone transport.
Fortin, Stéphanie. "Le risque socioéconomique et psychosocial chez les mères inuites durant l'année postnatale et ses effets sur le développement du nourrisson à 12 mois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27953.
Full textDesrosiers, Caroline. "Exposition prénatale au tabagisme : ses conséquences sur le comportement d'enfants de 11 ans en lien avec les polymorphismes génétiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25424.
Full textThe aim of this doctoral thesis is to provide a better understanding of the effects of prenatal cigarette smoke exposure (PCSE) and of the combined effects between PCSE and catecholaminergic, serotonergic and metabolic genes on externalizing behaviours at school age in a sample of Inuit children from Nunavik. The association between PCSE and externalizing behaviours is first explored in a sample of children (N = 271) at 11 years of age who took part in a prospective study. Interactions between PCSE, lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), two contaminants associated with behavioral problems, were also explored. Analysis of PCSE effects (Article 1) suggests that PCSE is associated with externalizing behaviours and with attention problems on the Teacher Report Form (TRF), and PCSE is also associated with a higher prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessed on the Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD). No interactions were found with contaminants. Then, the analysis of the combined effects between PCSE and catecholaminergic, serotonergic, and metabolic genetic polymorphisms (Article 2) suggests an interaction between PCSE and genotypes CC/TC of the cytochrome P-450 1A1 (CYP1A1) gene. Unexposed children with genotypes CC or TC have significantly lower scores for externalizing behaviours. Combination of an environment without PCSE and with genotypes CC/TC seems to offer protection regarding the development of externalizing problems. These results partly support the differential susceptibility model and reject the diathese stress model. This thesis suggests that PCSE is a risk factor in the development of externalizing problems and those genetic variations can modify this relation. Results indicate the importance of including different theoretical frameworks in the investigation of gene-environment interactions.
Dallaire, Renée. "Exposition aux contaminants organiques et effets potentiels sur les fonctions thyroïdiennes chez la femme enceinte, le nouveau-né et l'adulte." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20730.
Full textSeveral ubiquitous organic contaminants, some of which are increasing in the environnement, seem to possess thyroid-disrupting capacities. These effects are suspected to be the underlying causes of neurodevelopmental deficits in infants prenatally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. The objectives of this project were 1) to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to environmental contaminants on circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones in pregnant women, newborns and adult Inuit as well as 2) to quantify and identify determinants of exposure to emerging contaminants in the Nunavik Inuit population in 2004. Overall, results from newborns and pregnant women do not demonstrate clear associations between thyroid hormone concentrations and exposure to some persistent organic pollutants. However, negative associations between polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations and circulating levels of thyroglobulin were observed in neonates. Furthermore, pentachlorophenol concentrations in pregnant women during their last trimester of pregnancy were negatively associated with umbilical cord free T4 concentrations in newborns. In adults, exposure to a complex mixture of chlorinated compounds was related to a reduction in total T3 and thyroglobulin concentrations. Moreover, plasma concentrations of emerging contaminants such as perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were also associated with disruptions of thyroid parameters. In 2004, exposure levels of PFOS and PBDEs in Nunavik Inuit adults were lower compared to those observed in other North-American populations, but similar and higher respectively, to those reported among European populations. The increase of PFOS plasma concentrations with age as well as with fish and marine mammal consumption seems to indicate that this compound tends to persist and bioaccumulate in the food-web. Sources of exposure to PBDEs were not clearly identified in the framework of this study. However, traditional food consumption and Inuit lifestyle seem to protect against exposure to congener PBDE 47, one of the most prevalent in humans.
Duquette, Julie R. "Évaluation de l’impact des services en téléobstétrique du RUIS McGill offerts à une population de femmes inuites avec grossesse à risque élevé habitant sur la côte de la baie d’Hudson au Nunavik." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16285.
Full textHealth care accessibility to the population located in a remote region of Quebec represents a challenge for the Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux. Solution such as telemedicine has been used to mitigate this issue. Therefore RUIS McGill has developed a teleobstetric program helping Inuit women in Nunavik with their risky pregnancy. This thesis’s objective is to understand the impact of the RUIS McGill teleobstetric program on the mother and her new born health plus the cost and utilization of health services following its implementation in the Inuulitsivik Health & and Social Services Centre located on Hudson Bay Shore. Inuit women at high risk pregnancy and their children in the region of Nunavik's Hudson Bay, who are far away from specialist in obstetric, are targeted. The teleobstetric program provides access to the RUIS McGill obstetricians located in Montreal. A quasi- experimental design was used to examine three hypotheses about the mothers and their children health, the use of health services and their costs. The teleobstetric program became operational in 2006, providing the ability to be a before-after study with two groups of women, those who delivered before 2012 (pre-test) and those who delivered after 2006 (post-test). The data collection took place, in its entirety, through paper medical records of the participants allowing the analysis of 47 cases for the pre-test and 81 cases for the post-test. Variance and covariance’s analysis, logistical regression and the non-parametric Mann-Witney test has allowed to conclude that the pre-test and post-test are different for only two variables which is the weight at birth, lower in the post-test and for the blood pressure of the mother at birth, higher in the post-test. For all other variables based on the three hypothesis of this thesis, results show no significate difference between pre-test and post-test, illustrating that the same level of quality has been conserved after the implementation of the teleobstetric program. Based on results, this thesis recommends reviewing and modifying the program’s objectives; sharing telehealth communication terminals with other specialties; undertaking an assessment of the cost-based program; strictly monitor the use of the program to maximize efficiency and potential; establishing a dashboard; and undertaking a comparative evaluation study in a comparable teleobstetric service.
Lucas, Michel. "Les oméga-3 d'origine marine dans l'alimentation traditionnelle des inuits du Nunavik et leurs effets sur les issues de la grossesse /." 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=790298801&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textDessureault, Geneviève. "Onze femmes inuit à Montréal : comprendre leur expérience d'itinérance et de sortie de rue." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12533.
Full textThis study aims to understand the homelessness experience of Inuit women native to Nunavik who are living in Montreal in the three stages of their trajectories: pre-displacement, displacement and post-displacement. An intersectional approach was chosen as the appropriate analytical framework because it allows the recognition of the plurality of the components of these women’s identities, which intersect in a unique way throughout their personal and collective experiences, and cause them to cumulate sources of vulnerability. This approach favours the study from the point of view of the marginalized women by giving them a voice, which has been made possible here with the life history method. The sample was composed of two groups in order to explore the experience in and out of homelessness, as five participants were homeless and six others claimed to have gotten off the streets at the time of the interviews. This research was done with the help of a linguistic and cultural interpreter. The data sources were: observations, a key informant and twenty one interviews. Ten of the eleven participants were interviewed twice. After a first non-directive interview, a thematic analysis of each participant’s life story was conducted and their stories were recomposed graphically in order to form summarized trajectories. The second interview started off with the presentation of each individual’s summarized trajectory so that these women may validate the data and enhance each of their stories. The results of this study confirm the results of previous ones, while also adding new elements. For example, the handicap conjugated to gender particularly exposes Inuit women to community violence and interpersonal violence in Nunavik. Perceived as abusive and oppressing to women, gossip is an element of the intense community violence in the North and motivates them to move to Montreal. With the recent adoption of a sedentary lifestyle, living in closeness exacerbates the intensity of this gossip. The getting off the streets is particular for Inuit women: the boyfriend holds the inflexion power on their homelessness trajectories. Women think of their boyfriend as a cultural key that gives them access to the housing system because he knows the cultural and structural mechanisms of Montreal’s life.
ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᕌᒐᖃᕐᑐᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓱᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᔪᓂᒃ ᒪᓐᑐᕆᐊᓪᒥ ᐱᖓᓱᐃᓕᕿᖓᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕐᖁᓯᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᓚᐅᕋᓂ ᓇᓃᓐᓂᕕᓂᖓ, ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓂᕕᓂᖓ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᓕᕐᓂᖓᓗ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᓄᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᑦᓯᐊᕈᑎᐅᒐᓱᐊᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᑑᑎᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᓃᑦᓱᓂᓗ ᓱᒧᓪᓗ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᕐᑐᒦᑎᒻᒪᖔᑕ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ ᓂᐱᖃᕐᑎᓯᔪᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᑦᓯᐊᕈᑎᐅᒍᓐᓇᑐᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑲᐅᓯᖏᒍᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂ. ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᐅᑎᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᕐᕈᐃᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᓱᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑰᓲᖑᒻᒪᖔᑕ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᒍᓐᓀᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᐅᑎᓂᖅ: ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᓚᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᕐᑐᓗ ᐊᐱᕐᓱᑕᐅᓂᖃᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᒍᓐᓀᓂᕋᓚᐅᔪᑦᓱᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᑑᑎᓚᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓗᕐᖁᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖃᑎᖃᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᑐᓵᔨᖃᕐᓱᑎᓪᓗ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᓱᒋᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓘᕐᓂᖏᑦ, ᑐᑭᓯᑎᑦᓯᔨᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕙᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᓗᓂᑦ ᐊᐱᕐᓱᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ. ᖁᓕᑦ ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᓗᓂᑦ ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᓚᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᒪᕐᕈᕕᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᒥ ᑐᕃᓐᓇᖏᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᖃᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᓇᕐᑎᓯᑦᓱᑎᒃ. ᑐᖓᓕᐊᓂ ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᓂᖓ ᓴᕐᕿᑎᑦᓯᒍᑎᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᓂᒃᑲᐅᓯᖏᑦ ᓱᓕᑦᓯᐊᒪᖔᑕ ᓈᒻᒪᓈᕐᓯᒪᑦᓯᐊᒪᖔᑕ. ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓱᕐᖁᐃᓯᒍᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᕆᒍᑎᐅᑦᓱᑎᓪᓗ ᓄᑖᓂᒃ. ᐆᑦᑐᕋᐅᑎᒋᓗᒍ, ᐃᓗᓯᕐᓘᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᓴᕐᕿᔮᓗᐊᖕᖑᐊᓲᑦ ᐊᑑᑎᔭᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᓂ ᐱᓗᑲᑦᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᕐᓗ. ᒪᖓᑦᓯᖃᑦᑕᓂᖅ ᓵᓚᕐᖄᖃᕈᑎᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ ᐊᑑᑎᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃ ᑕᕐᕋᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓᓗ ᐊᐅᓪᓛᓚᕿᓯᒪᒍᑎᐅᑦᓱᓂ ᒪᓐᑐᕆᐊᓪᒧᑦ. ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒨᔭᕐᑕᐅᖃᒻᒥᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᒪᖓᑦᓯᖃᑦᑕᓂᖅ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᓱᕐᕃᓯᒪᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᒻᒪᑦ. ᑕᒪᓂᕐᕿᓚᕿᓯᖃᑦᑕᑐᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᓗᐊᖕᖑᐊᑦ: ᐃᑦᑐᓱᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᕐᓗᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᖁᑎᒥᐅᕈᖃᑦᑕᑐᑦ. ᐊᕐᓀᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓛᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᑖᕈᓐᓇᕈᒪᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᐊᑑᑎᓚᕿᖃᑦᑕᑐᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᐅᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᑦᓱᒋᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᓂ.
Plante, Céline. "Statut et apports en fer chez les femmes non enceintes du Nunavik /." 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25265/25265.pdf.
Full textSimonet, Fabienne. "Caractéristiques communautaires et issues de grossesse chez les Inuits du Québec." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7054.
Full textInuit are the smallest Aboriginal group in Canada. Inuit women are at much higher risks of adverse birth outcomes than their non-indigenous counterparts. Both fetal and infant mortality has been reported to be much higher among Canadian Inuit vs. non-indigenous populations in some regional studies. Both individual and community-level risk factors may affect Inuit birth outcomes. Little is known about the relationships between community characteristics and Inuit birth outcomes. Understanding the effects of community-level risk factors may be critically important for developing effective maternal and infant health promotion programs to improve birth outcomes in Inuit communities. In a postal code linkage-based birth cohort study based on the already linked stillbirth/live birth/infant death data files for all births in Quebec, from 1991 to 2000, we assessed the effects of community characteristics on Inuit birth outcomes. While appropriate and feasible, birth outcomes data on another major Aboriginal group, First Nations, are also presented. We first assessed individual- and community-level disparities and trends in birth outcomes and infant mortality among First Nations and Inuit versus other populations in Quebec. Then we studied trends in Inuit, First Nations and non-Aboriginal birth outcomes in the rural and northern regions of Quebec. Because there is limited and inconsistent evidence concerning rural versus urban differences in birth and infant outcomes for Indigenous peoples, we investigated birth and infant outcomes among Inuit, First Nations and French (the majority in Quebec) mother tongue groups by rural versus urban residence in Quebec. Finally, since there was a lack of data on the safety of midwife-led maternity care in remote or Aboriginal communities, we examined birth outcomes by primary birthing attendant type in two sets of remote Inuit communities. We found large and persistent disparities in fetal and infant mortality among First Nations and Inuit versus other populations in Quebec based on individual- or community-level assessments. There was also a disconcerting rise of some mortality outcomes for births to First Nations and Inuit mother tongue women and to women in predominately First Nations and Inuit communities, in contrast to some improvements for births to non-Aboriginal mother tongue women and to women in predominately non-Aboriginal communities in rural or northern Quebec. Living in urban areas was not associated with better birth and infant outcomes for Inuit and First Nations in Quebec despite universal health insurance coverage. Risks of perinatal death were somewhat but not significantly higher in the Hudson Bay communities with midwife-led maternity care as compared to the Ungava Bay communities with physician-led maternity care. Our findings are inconclusive, although the results excluding extremely preterm births are more reassuring concerning the safety of midwife-led maternity care in remote Aboriginal communities. Our results strongly indicate a need for improved socioeconomic conditions, perinatal and infant care for First Nations and Inuit peoples, no matter where they live (remote northern, rural or urban areas). Further routine surveillance data are needed for assessing the safety and improving the quality of midwife-led maternity care in Nunavik.
Côté, Suzanne. "Les contaminants dans l'Arctique comme facteur de risque d'ostéoporose /." 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=974404591&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textBedon, Peggy S. M. "Pratiques traditionnelles chez les sages-femmes autochtones du Nunavik et programme de formation." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2902.
Full textThe Inuit of Hudson’s Bay in Nunavik (Quebec) have distinguished themselves from other indigenous communities by re-asserting their autonomy over the care of pregnant women within their community. A strong sense of self-determination led to the abandonment of the practice of transferring pregnant women for delivery at hospitals far from their village and, in 1986, to the creation of a program to train midwives locally. In addition, this program tries to reinstate traditional practices alongside the teaching of modern obstetrics in order to offer women services which are both of high quality and culturally suitable. The aim of our study was to determine whether the training of indigenous midwives in Nunavik has helped to reconcile these two different approaches to teaching: one being the focus on traditional practices, and the other on standards of care. A qualitative research method was used with data collected by means of interviews. Respondents included five Inuit midwives from within the three Hudson’s Bay communities having local birthing centres, as well as six student midwives from the Nunavik midwifery program. Analysis of the data does not allow for confirmation of the reintegration of traditional knowledge in the practise of indigenous midwives. The results of this research reveal, in effect, a rarity of traditional practices being applied throughout the perinatal period (E.g. use of medicinal plants, positions used during delivery, various delivery manoeuvres). The beliefs or codes of conduct in respect to pregnancy seem to profit from a better transmission, but are not utilized equally within the communities. In regards to the modern obstetrics component, the program appears to be in conformity with current Western requirements, having been recognized by the Order of the Midwives of Quebec since September, 2008. Moreover, both midwives and students are conscious of the need to receive quality training in their field. They would like to profit from a greater rigor in the teaching of theory, as well as more continuity in the process of apprenticeship. The difficulty found in the teaching of these dual types of knowledge (traditional and modern) thus seems to relate more particularly to the area of traditional practices. Inuit midwives and students wish to protect and promote their cultural inheritance, but more within the perspective of community responsibility that within the framework of a training scheme. A collaboration between the wishes of the communities, concerning the rehabilitation of their cultural inheritance, and the current reality of bio-medicine, remains paramount in order to continue to guarantee the safety and the quality of the services provided.