Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Femmes politiques dans les médias'
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Touati, Zeineb. "Communication et relations symboliques en Tunisie : les représentations sociales de la femme entre le politique, les medias, la culture et l'islam." Grenoble 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE39047.
Full textLemarier-Saulnier, Catherine. "Étude de l'impact de la réception des cadres médiatiques sur la genrisation de l'évaluation de la performance politique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29965.
Full textThis thesis studies how people react to gendered news about political leaders. Doing so, we have used a mixed-methods design comprising three data collections. Our goal was to understand the gendered mediation of political leaders and its impact on leaders evaluation. Our first data collection is a content analysis of gendered news frames about political leaders during Quebec 2014 election. The second dataset was generated through an online thought listing experiment using three distinct experimental conditions. The third source of data is a series of focus groups, held a month after the election, with a sub-sample of our online experiment participants. Our results indicate that the masculine norm, especially the “Alpha Male” gendered identity, is dominant in the mediation of political leaders in the news coverage of the 2014 election, despite the presence of the first woman as incumbent prime minister. This “Alpha Male” norm is also present in the evaluation of political leaders measured in our thoughts listing, but with some variety. Some participants have used more gendered responses, especially those who were exposed to the gendered experimental conditions. Finally, focus groups reveal that the dominance of masculinity in the political arena is not questioned by citizens, and that the “Alpha Male” norm, is still used to evaluate Quebec political leaders during an election.
Rochette, Émilie. "Le comportement communicationnel des politiciens à Tout le monde en parle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27906/27906.pdf.
Full textMitik, Lulit. "Genre, politiques publiques et travail des femmes." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0022.
Full textThe gender differentiated impacts of public policies are now widely recognized. A gender-aware approach to macroeconomic analysis is therefore a necessity in order to consider the diverse implications of gender relations. On this basis, this study analyses the impacts of trade liberalisation and the introduction of VAT through a computable general equilibrium modelling that treats women's and men's work separately. Two models are applied successively to Ethiopia and South Africa, then from a comparative perspective between the two countries. Four major results appear. Policy outcomes on gender-based inequalities are strongly affected by structural differences in women's and men's employment sectors. Furthermore, these differences explain why the same policy results in an increase in gender inequalities in one country while it reduces them in another. Moreover, the increase in women's labour market participation is not followed by a proportionate reduction in their domestic work. Finally, a substitution effect between parents and children occurs in household work activities as the former increase their market work, this, to the disadvantage of children's education, in particular that of girls
Bugnon, Fanny. "La violence politique au prisme du genre à travers la presse française (1970-1994)." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00641911.
Full textVaretta, Floriane. "L'égalité Femmes/Hommes dans les politiques sportives : l’interministérialité en question." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS548/document.
Full textThe Sport world is often described as a magnifying glass of society. The sport world may be considered as an extremely relevant analytical tool to describe the socialization process and the gender relations between women and men in contemporary societies. The Sport institution founded for men and by men is particularly reluctant to make women play a much more prominent role. Although women become more prominent in several sectors, the glass ceiling is still very apparent.The gender equality policies in France have been sectoral (civil rights, the right of control over one’s own body, professional equality…). It is the same in Europe where Article 119 of the Treaty of Rome poses equality from a market policy point of view (equal remuneration for work of equal value for female and male). Since the 90’s, the reality of social inequalities persisting over time has led Europe to another approach regarding equality, in particular by taking into account all the government policies (global and integrated approach: gendermainstreaming). France, as a member state shall integrate “acquis-communitarian”.In 2012, the nomination of the first Government respecting parity in the Republic history (17 men and 17 women) and the restoration of the Women rights Ministry demonstrated French Government commitment for a new step for the equality between women and men. Inspired by the European model, inter-ministeriality have been applied as a renewal of public policies. Until 2017, Women’s rights thematic has fluctuated between full-exercise Ministry and and State secretariat. The 4 August 2014 law represents the equality principle in the center of the Sport Policies, in particular through two articles (Article 56 regarding the protection of victims of violence and the fight against human dignity violation in the communication domain – Article 63 on the equal access for women and men to sport and professional responsibilities).The thesis investigates the conditions, tools and actors of the inter-ministerial synergy and their impact on Sport related policies. It analyses the feminization plan of federations in order to evaluate the differentiated profitability of each of them to invest the thematic. It takes support on a territory-related audit (Seine-et-Marne department) to account for the operating process of this politic: top-down logic from the national policy (feminization plan valorization) or experimental logic (eruptions or more rarely local innovations)
Gacha-Chatchou, Brigitte Viviane. "L'image de la femme dans la presse contemporaine féminine de 1980 à 1985 d'après "Marie-Claire", "Elle" et "Biba"." Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO3A013.
Full textAravena, Rivera Patricia. "Construction du sens dans le discours politique de la femme." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H070.
Full textVerville, Mélanie. "Usages politiques des médias sociaux et du WEB 2.0 - Le cas des partis politiques provinciaux québécois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29467/29467.pdf.
Full textDoua, Edmond. "Les médias dans les politiques culturelles africaines : le cas du MASA en Côte d'Ivoire." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30023.
Full textThis work addresses, in the light of the case of Market for African Performing Arts (MASA), the question of media issues in the promotion of cultural policies of the continent. It follows from the observation that the market for cultural products is increasingly confronted with profound changes: extension of the provision of recreation are now perceived as cultural activities among others (sport , tourism, etc. . ) development of cultural industries that contribute to increased production and dissemination of new series in cultural property; dazzling breakthrough strategies for corporate communication, marketing and advertising that determine, in part, the success or failure of a cultural project. Indeed, the observation of crisis in the dissemination, promotion and circulation of African artists and their works has prompted the creation of a market with the intention to serve as spearhead for operators. At its inception, MASA has actually met their expectations. Through its market size, festival or professional meetings, the event has taken on important issues. First, contribute to the preservation of cultural diversity, facing the threat of globalization seen as a possible factor in the standardization of cultures. Then economic, to the extent that artists could now offer their works to buyers from various backgrounds. After six editions, it seems appropriate to develop a factual record of this market to determine what are its policies for the promotion and repositioning. The key assumption made here is based on the realities of the terrain and elements, from questioning established themselves on facts, findings and statements of resource people. Ranging from a qualitative study aims to better understand the reasons which tests MASA faced in recent years in achieving its missions. The analysis of its policy to promote and fits into a comprehensive paradigm and a logic of construction, from an inductive reasoning. Theories of information science and communication convened to grasp this reality are: cybernetics and the two step flow of communication. This theoretical framework allows, ultimately, to demonstrate that the effectiveness and relevance of the policy of promoting MASA based in part on the establishment of an egalitarian
Helft-Malz, Véronique. "La place des femmes politiques dans la vie politique française : Analyse des représentations collectives des femmes à l'épreuve de la réalité." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020057.
Full textAlhomoud, Eiman. "Le discours médiatique en Arabie Saoudite après les évènements du 11 septembre 2001." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040101.
Full textUntil the events of September 11, 2001, the discourse conveyed by the Saudi media has remained confined in a complete archaism, both on the level of construction and transmission. Devoid of any objectivity and creativity, this discourse has been characterized by its aversion for the real social, political and cultural issues that havepreoccupied the Saudi society since this country became the first oil producer in the world and the first importer-in the Arab Persian Gulf- of manufactured products.This work attempts to provide a reading of the evolution of the Saudi media discourse after the events of September 11, 2001. A corpus of 113 selected articles published by the local press has been given a thorough analysis to follow this evolution and identify its contours. The examination of this corpus has allowed us to identify the emergence, within the Saudi society, of two modes of thinking. The first one is qualified as liberal andis represented by many influential intellectuals working for more reforms and for the opening of the Saudi culture to the outside. As for the opposite mode of thinking, it is embodied by the defenders of a traditional line who estimate that the opening to the West would constitute a threat to the Saudi identity and culture
Launois, Annie. "La France et la Grande-Bretagne et les politiques culturelles européennes dans le secteur audiovisuel." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020009.
Full textBourrel, Sophie. "La constitution du 4 octobre 1958 et les partis politiques." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU2001.
Full textAccording to the 4th article of the 1958 constitution, "parties and political associations contribute to the expression of the suffrage. They freely form and practise their activity. They have to abide by the principles of nation sovereignty and of democraty. " compared to other fundamental laws which establish the position of the political parties in their institutions, the french acknowledgment seems, at the first glance, limited and reducing. Limited because it does not provide for any financing system, reducing because the only electoral role is attributed to political parties. The study of "positive law" leads to revisit these first impressions. The concision of the 4th article does not mean that it does not contain the fundamental premises of a true status of the polical parties. Two main rights are recognized : the right to form and the right to practise their activity. However, the latter is conditioned by the respect of the regime ruling the parties. Only their electoral function is thus guaranteed by the constitution, therely prevented the installation of a state of parties. It is therefore an ambivalent status which is cornered on the political parties by the 4th article. The 4th article silences have not set the political parties law : actually, the text implies a dual development through, on the one hand, the financial support of their electoral function, and through, on the orher hand, financial support of their functioning. This distinction is the result of the sole constitutionalization of participation of the parties to the electoral function. Parties are on equal term with independant candidates and a difference seems to be made with respect to their activities. The nation always has participated to financing the electoral campaign of candidates. When the candidates repensent parties, the electoral function of parties is exerted. As regards the second aspect, the concil of constitution has not split the activities of parties : the legislation may therefore give them a global support
Sweet, Anne. "Le Girl Power en question dans Xena Warrior Princess et Charmed : enjeux sociaux et commerciaux dans des politiques de genre." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030159.
Full textThis thesis investigates the social and economic issues at play in the politics of gender. Hence it delves into the phenomenon of Girl Power, or the « power of girls », and examines the discourses renegotiated around gender through analysis of TV series’ heroines from the 1990s. In contrast with series from the 1970s, which were influenced by the second wave of feminism, the series from 1990-2000 inscribed themselves more in the sphere of influence of feminism’s third wave. These series have provoked debates about issues of televisual violence and feminism. The corpus is principally composed of two Girl Power series, Xena: Warrior Princess and Charmed, which symbolize women’s power because they are centered on action heroines. These were successful series that were broadcast for several seasons and whose icons continue to disseminate in American popular culture. The analysis of these series is organized into two parts: the first part examines respresentations of Girl Power and its ambiguities, while the second part focuses on the negotiation of discourses of power and gender. The interpretation of these symbols of women’s power is not fixed, and blurs gender borders, notably in showing masculinity in crisis. TV series about violent women are commercial products. Yet they have had an impact on American culture in underlining the contradictions and tensions between the two waves of feminism. They have also affected the lives of the communities of fans, who sustain relationships with the series through web sites and social networks
Montañola, Sandy. "Femmes, sport et médias : la médiatisation des sportives de haut niveau dans la presse écrite : sous-médiatisation et stéréotypisation ?" Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30011.
Full textThe present research focuses the processes, mechanisms and stakes of the coverage of women's sports in the French newpapers and magazines. Through a socio-discursive prospect, this study proposes an analysis of the different covering systems about male and female athletes. The approach we used, a comprehensive and constructivist one, leads to the analysis of the social discourses through some journalistic corpus. By rejecting any mono-casual explanations, this research is based on the comparison between several sport-events. An observation of the institutionnal and associative discourses on the "women and sports" topic allows us to point out the runing knowledge. Two corpus were constitued to evaluate and to quantify the presence of the women's sport and the global spread of each of these considered sports. The first corpus was constructed over an ordinary period of media coverage, and the second concerns the coverage of the international women day. To clearly define the different conceptions about women's sports, we analysed the coverage of female boxers in the boxing world championship. One corpus about the athletics world championship and one other about Olympic games allowed us to test several hypotheses and variables which appeared determinant for the gender coverage in media. By using one diachronic analysis of the Olympic games, we integrate the evolution of the coverage of the female athletes through time. The last step of our work is the study of the gender variable at the particular level of the writers and readers. This study is based on te analysis of L'Equipe Féminine, the first French sport magazine dedicated to female readers
Sevrain, Emilie. "Des pensées politiques subversives aux conduites révolutionnaires : les personnages feminins dans les littératures francophones de l'Afrique subsaharienne : (1975 à 2005)." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131009.
Full textFurther to the violent colonial conquests and the postcolonial civil wars, many writers, men and women, applied themselves to depict contemporary Africa's political and cultural upheavals. Female figures emerge from these struggles of power and the underlying resistance movements. Holding political sponsibilities or commited in revolutionary missions, they scope of African societies’tendancies to corruption and despotism through subversive speeches and/or protesting reactions. Based on recent texts published between 1975 and 2005, this dissertation proposes to highlight the rhetorical and stylistic processes at work in the development of a women’s political imaginary. Following an interdisciplinary methodology, we will try to determine the cultural and ideological issues of these constant features and/or poetic innovations in the rewriting, modelling or subversion processes of African struggles’memory
Heishman, Emma. "Disremembered and unaccounted for : the symbolic annihilation of women from slavery cinema." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0427.
Full textSymbolic annihilation is a sociological theory developed by George Gerbner (1972) and Gaye Tuchman (1978) in their studies of gender and media. According to the theory of symbolic annihilation, the lack of images and/or the misrepresentation of a group of people can cause damaging consequences for spectators. Gerber and Tuchman studied the erasure of women in media, but their research also concentrated on the marginalization and condemnation of female characters. Symbolic annihilation has been used by other researchers to study images of minorities in the media, but this dissertation offers a new perspective on the symbolic annihilation of women by focusing on the specific historical event of slavery in the American South. Although the theory of symbolic annihilation has been used in previous research to examine visual (mis)representations of minorities, the addition of this historical element makes this dissertation unique. Indeed, through the study of cinematic images of American slavery, this research addresses how the cultural-historical identity of American women has been significantly constructed by mass media. Furthermore, the current socio-political situation in the United States makes this research particularly relevant. Social movements which publicly denounce the whitewashing of Hollywood productions and the overt sexual assault that has permeated the movie industry have clearly demonstrated the particular power Hollywood yields in shaping the fabric of American society
Machemehl, Charly. "Rouen, pratiques et politiques sportives dans l'entre-deux-guerres." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL043.
Full textFrom the second half of the 19th century, Upper Normandy has played a cutting edge role in the development of the sport culture. Its proximity to Paris and England, its commercial and industrial vitality or even the early building of the railway in the west has favoured the propagation of the « sport spirit ». The study of the specific case of Rouen aims at understanding how this dynamism persisted during the interwar years. Il also lies in the questioning on the conditions of the spreading of sport culture by considering that the peculiarities of the local approach represent one of the possible expressions of the national diversity. By having recourse to both oral (biographies) and written sources (administrative files, regional press) but also to photographic and film sources that are either preserved in public institutions (Archives Municipales de la Ville de Rouen, Archives départementales de la Seine-Maritime, Bibliothèque Nationale de France) or stemming from private funds. This thesis focuses on sport and its relation to society. Under the 3rd republic, the development of various forms of sociabilities that are based on sport and physical activities lead to the integration of places of practice in Rouen's urban landscape and the advent of associations which is carried out according to national as well as local influence. The time of structuration of a sport policy at the local level in the early 1930s which reinforces the activity of associations follows the inertia of Rouen town council in the 1920s. If sportsmen and champions in particular are hardly ever linked to decisions concerning the local sport organisation, the influence of Rouen's town counsellors and sport leaders during the interwar years and a sport public service was born out of this cooperation
Brohan, Soizic. "« La femme politique paradoxale ». Étude comparative sur la représentation des femmes dans les assemblées politiques en Guadeloupe et en Jamaïque depuis 1944. : Étude comparative sur la représentation des femmes dans les assemblées politiques en Guadeloupe et en Jamaïque depuis 1944." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0092/document.
Full textThe Caribbean plantation societies are often described as “matrifocal” or even matriarchal societies in which women hold a female power which deprives their male counterparts of their “natural” authority. Women indeed possess a female power but “matrifocality” does not prevent men from holding more power than women in some domains. The study of the political arena is insightful in this regard. This thesis considers the paradoxical gap between the power women are believed to have in society and their position within the political system, and studies the relationship between the Caribbean social order and its gendered political representation. It analyzes the evolution of women’s representation in the central political assemblies of Guadeloupe (Departmental Council and Regional Council) and Jamaica (House of Representatives and Senate) since 1944, drawing on the permanent evolutions between the structural constraints of the two studied political systems and the symbolic constraints interiorized by the parliamentarians that carry a specific social history; as well as their diversified pathways to political professionalization, echoing their different personal, professional and political trajectories. The research method uses archival data, through the collection of statistical and monographic data which enabled the construction of a database of women seated in the political assemblies of Guadeloupe and Jamaica, as well as interviews conducted with some of them in order to deepen the analysis of their trajectories. The comparative study between Guadeloupe and Jamaica highlights the specificities of their political representation systems despite their similar sociocultural history
Cossette, Martin. "La relation entre les agendas médiatique, judiciaire et politique dans le processus d'élaboration des politiques publiques : le cas de l'affaire Chaoulli." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28260/28260.pdf.
Full textPastorino, Agnese. "Médias audiovisuels et contenus sexuels en ligne à l'adolescence : enjeux politiques en Europe." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB244.
Full textAudiovisual media expose adolescents to the vision of sexual contents on the Internet. Within public debate, online availability of material « likely to harm » or « seriously harming » children generates forms of moral panic. A major concern derives from sexual risks, such as pornography, sexting and child-pornography. At the European political-institutional level, the measures implemented are based on auto-regulatory, co-regulatory and regulatory solutions. Among these initiatives, the most important ones have been the Safer Internet programme and two directives respectively focused on children protection with regards to Audiovisual Media Services (2010/13/UE) and on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography (2011/92/UE). Methodologically, the thesis analyzes 45 debates of the European Parliament which dealt with these issues between 2001 and 2016. This corpus has been examined through an original quali-quantitative protocol, with a content analysis and the Alceste method applied via the softwares ATLAS.ti and IRaMuTeQ. This work wishes to contribute to research on audiovisual media, online sexual contents, adolescents and children, by proposing an original point of view on European policy. The main hypothesis has been that European parliamentary debates are limited in terms of representativeness of national cultures; starting from this premise, several aspects have been surveyed, either juridical, scientific, ethical and political issues. The main results respectively refer to different elements: 1. the variety of political-juridical interpretations of some concepts and the definitions of a few terms, besides the study of some juridical principles involved (fourth chapter); 2. the descriptions of online audiovisual sexual risks and the difficulties of European policy retrieved within parliamentary debates (fifth chapter); 3. the limits of European scientific knowledge in terms of representativeness of national culture, through the analysis of mentioned statistical data and studies (sixth chapter); 4. the multiplicity of ethical considerations, even based on different national cultures (seventh chapter); 5. the choice to favor self-regulatory measures (eight chapter)
I media audiovisivi espongono gli adolescenti alla visione di contenuti sessuali sulla Rete. Nel dibattito pubblico, la disponibilità online di materiale « potenzialmente » o « gravemente nocivo » per i bambini suscita delle forme di panico morale. Una preoccupazione maggiore deriva dai rischi di natura sessuale, quali la pornografia, il sexting e la pedo-pornografia. Sul piano politico-istituzionale europeo, le misure implementate si basano su soluzioni di autoregolamentazione, co-regolamentazione e regolamentazione. Tra queste iniziative, le più importanti sono state il programma Safer Internet e le due direttive rispettivamente dedicate alla protezione dei minori rispetto ai Servizi dei media audiovisivi (2010/13/UE) e la lotta contro l'abuso e lo sfruttamento sessuale dei bambini, così come la pornografia minorile (2011/92/UE). Sul piano metodologico, la tesi è basata sull'analisi di 45 dibattiti del Parlamento europeo che hanno trattato queste questioni tra il 2001 e il 2016. Il corpus è stato esaminato mediante un protocollo quali-quantitativo originale, con un'analisi del contenuto e il metodo Alceste, applicati mediante i programmi ATLAS.ti e IRaMuTeQ. La tesi desidera contribuire alla ricerca sui media audiovisivi, i contenuti sessuali online, gli adolescenti e i bambini, proponendo un punto di vista originale sulle questioni politiche europee. L'ipotesi principale è stata che i dibattiti parlamentari europei siano limitati in termini di rappresentatività delle culture nazionali ; a partire da questo presupposto, abbiamo indagato diversi livelli implicati : giuridico, scientifico, etico e politico. I principali risultati si riferiscono rispettivamente a questi diversi elementi : 1. la varietà delle interpretazioni politico-giuridiche di alcuni concetti e delle definizioni di alcuni termini, oltre che lo studio dei principi giuridici implicati (quarto capitolo) ; 2. le descrizioni dei rischi audiovisivi sessuali online e le difficoltà della politica europea rilevati nei dibattiti parlamentari (quinto capitolo) ; 3. i limiti del sapere scientifico europeo in termini di rappresentatività delle culture nazionali, attraverso l'analisi dei dati statistici e degli studi citati (sesto capitolo) ; 4. la molteplicità delle considerazioni etiche, anche sulla base delle diverse culture nazionali degli oratori (settimo capitolo) ; 5. la scelta di privilegiare delle misure auto-regolamentarie (ottavo capitolo)
Tanrıöver, Hülya. "La reproduction de la division sexuelle du travail à travers les pratiques culturelles : images de femmes dans les émissions de télévision turques et leur lecture dans le pays d'origine et dans l'immigration." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30006.
Full textPaschalidis, Panagiotis. "La reconstruction des Balkans (1999-2004). Analyse des discours politiques et mediatiques." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030173/document.
Full textThe main objective of this research is the study of the representation of the Balkans. During the 1990s many negative stereotypes regarding the region were reactivated in the light of the wars in former Yugoslavia. Numerous researchers criticized them harshly and defended the possibility to study the region in an objective as well as less connoted manner. An element frequently underestimated by the research has been the excessive correlation between the Balkans and Yugoslavia (the frequent use of the first term as a synonym for the latter) in public discussions of the region (for instance in the media). This thesis aims to verify the hypothesis of important mutations regarding the ways in which the region is understood as a whole in the course of the post cold war era. On the one hand, it deals with the difficulty of the researchers to understand the region regardless of former Yugoslavia and the difficulty to define its particular character. On the other hand, it deals with the reappearance of the terms Western Balkans and South-Eastern Europe, which indicates the probability of new categorizations of the knowledge pertaining to the region. The verification of this hypothesis is tested by means of a discourse analysis through four newspapers of reference (Le Monde, The Guardian, The New York Times and Eleytherotypia in Greece) and an international organization, The Stability Pact for South- Eastern Europe during the period between 1999 and 2008. The results of this analysis indicate the great difficulty in approaching the realities of the countries of the region collectively or independently from the experience of former Yugoslavia. Further research must measure whether the term Balkans is progressively destined for the discussion of the troubled past of the region and not its actuality
Revillard, Anne. "La cause des femmes dans l'État : Une comparaison France-Québec (1965-2007)." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00232869.
Full textSniter, Christel. "Les femmes célèbres dans la statuaire publique à Paris (1870-2004) : enjeux politiques et spécificité de la mémoire féminine." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010326.
Full textKakogianni, Maria. "Théorême de "la femme dans l'oikos" : lectures expérimentales pour s'émanciper du récit de la victime." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/146282744#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis work starts off with a simple hypothesis: suppose we remove the mental a priori that places Woman as a victim of History. Domination by an external power is one thing, power as a permanent story that produces and forms subjects is another. The idea here is to attempt a tendentially formal elaboration on the subject of subtraction of the victim's subjection from a perspective of the extraction of possibles in political matter. As experimental site of our hypothesis we chose readings of some classic texts and in particular those of three principal authors: Xenophon, Aristotle, and Plato. The invention of political economy is based in the concept of an utilitarian individual, plunged into the frozen waters of selfish calculation, whereas the economic unity of the ancient Greek thought is a collective subject, the oikos: this is the minimal entity according to which economy becomes a matter of thought. With regard to our situation where economy dominates everything and politics seem inexistent, we propose a visit to the ancient oikos, where the contemplation of economy is structured to serve the political condition. Our goal is not to produce a new political fiction, but to elaborate the conditions of the possibility of an emancipatory subjection based on a subtractive principle, and no longer based on an oppositional principle in reference to the typical figure of the slave. The theorem of "the woman in the oikos" is not about verifying an hypothesis, it's about applying and developing its consequences
Troupel, Aurélia. "Disparités dans la parité : les effets de la loi du 6 juin 2000 sur la féminisation du personnel politique local et national." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0029.
Full textThe law of 6 June 2000, which obliges parties to field an equal number of male and female candidates, should have increased the number of women elected in politics. However, the parity law achieved very variable results, being most effective at the local and European levels whilst having little or no effect on the composition of the Senate and the National Assembly. To understand the reasons for these variations between the different levels of politics, several theories have been tested and a database has been created of female politicians (1958-2004). This research allows certain established ideas to be challenged and disputed. It is revealed that partisanship, changes to the electoral regulations and the presence of female incumbents are not sufficient to explain these variations. On the other hand, the prior feminisation of the elected assembly along with how restrictive the parity law is under the circumstances are both essential to the effective functioning of the law. Taken together, these elements show a perpetuation of the local/national cleavage (strongly and weakly feminised), as argued by Mariette Sineau
Magaña, Garcia Celia. "La "genderisation" des politiques sociales au Mexique (1989-2005), images des femmes dans le progresa et dynamique locale d'un "rancho" à l'ouest du Mexique." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010522.
Full textAbu, Amara Nisrin. "Du fait divers au débat public : représentations médiatiques, sociales et politiques actuelles des violences faites aux femmes en Egypte, en Jordanie et dans les Territoires palestiniens." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H107.
Full textWithin the context of international debates on violence against women, in the Middle-East this concern has been the center of recent media, political and social debates. This thesis is divided into three parts in which we analyze the different aspects of representations of violence against women in three countries, due to their common history and geographical proximity: Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinian territories. To what extent the media of these countries can deal freely with this issue? What is the role of civil society, political institutions, state and religion in the emergence of this debate? Primarily, we will expose recent research and demographic surveys in these countries. In the second part, we will discuss the role of legal, political and social institutions and the media towards this issue in all three countries. The third part will concern the qualitative analysis of 148 press articles taken from the National Arabic daily "Al Ahram International" between 2002 and 2004. To better understand the journalistic representation of different forms of violence such as the so-called "honour" crimes and "marital crimes" committed by either spouse, we chose the method of analysis content to study the journalistic discourse on these forms of violence
Coron, Clotilde. "L’appropriation, les effets et l’évolution des politiques d’égalité professionnelle entre les femmes et les hommes dans les grandes entreprises : combiner les approches qualitative et quantitative pour appréhender ces politiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0054/document.
Full textThis thesis, written while working under a CIFRE contract, studies the construction, the implementation and the effects of the gender equality policy at Orange. Using the appropriative perspective of management tools enriched by the concept of institutional logics, this work is based on various data, in particular: interviews, HR data, observations, internal documents. We show that the coexistence of various conceptions of gender equality within the company strongly affects the implementation of the gender equality policy within the entities, but also its construction, for both the collective bargaining agreement and the non-negotiated policy. The joint analysis of the implementation and of the effects of the policy, made possible by a mixed-method design, allows us to understand the quantifiable effects (or the absence of quantifiable effects) of a measure according to the way it is implemented within the entities. We underline the specificities of the collective bargaining about gender equality, notably due to the fact that gender equality cuts across various HR processes. Finally, we show the importance of the coexistence and articulation of the collective bargaining agreement and non-negotiated gender equality policy
Kotsyuba-Ugryn, Tetiana. "Les représentations sociales des personnalités politiques ukrainiennes dans le discours médiatique français (2004-2009)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30036/document.
Full textThe present paper examines the social representations of the Ukrainian political leaders in the French media discourse from the "Orange revolution" of November-December 2004 till May 2009. This doctoral thesis integrates a multitude of interdisciplinary researches on intercultural representations conducted at present in France and in Ukraine and can be defined as a study of an isolated case. The assembled corpus of reference comprises two types of media, the articles of national daily and weekly press (1292) as well as the extracts of television broadcast (605) referring to Viktor Yanukovych, the incumbent President of Ukraine, Viktor Yushchenko, the former Ukrainian President, and Yulia Tymoshenko, the former Prime minister of Ukraine. The analysis of media semiotisation of these Ukrainian political leaders formerly unknown in France is based on the quantitative (lexicometric) and qualitative study (lexicographic, semantic, stylistic, context analysis, linguistic and cultural interpretation) of the elements of the French picture of the world such as representations, stereotypes, symbols, emblems and myths, verbalized on the discourse level by the fixed lexical units
Дане дисертаційне дослідження є спробою проведення комплексного міждисциплінарного аналізу міжкультурних репрезентацій українських політиків у французьких медіа у період з помаранчевої революції листопада-грудня 2004 року по травень 2009 року. Дана робота вписується в ширше коло досліджень міжкультурної комунікації, що в наш час проводяться як в Україні, так і у Франції.. Матеріалом дослідження послугували два типи вибірок, які увійшли до нашого корпусу: статті з щоденних та щотижневих видань французької національної преси (1292) та уривки телевізійних програм (605), де в тій чи іншій мірі фігурують постаті діючого Президента України В.Ф. Януковича, колишнього Президента України В.А. Ющенка та колишнього Прем’єр-міністра України Ю.В. Тимошенко. Вивчення медійної семіотизації вищеназваних українських політичних лідерів, до недавнього часу маловідомих у Франції, спирається на кількісний (лексикометричний) та якісний аналіз (аналіз словникових дефініцій, семантичний, стилістичний, контекстуальний аналіз, лінгвокультурологічна інтерпретація) таких елементів колективного уявлюваного французів, як репрезентація, стереотип, символ, емблема та міт, вираженим на дискурсивному рівні за допомогою стійких лексичних одиниць
Del, Re Alisa. "Les politiques sociales en France dans les années trente : Etat et rapports sociaux de sexe." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080745.
Full textSome laws brought into force in france in the thirties were designed to establish guarantees regarding reproduction (social insurances, family allowances, 1936 laws, code de la famille). The state penetrated the daily life of the urban working class to ensure that reproduction followed a certain pattern. This system of control called for investment in women, a social subject wich became a political subject because of its historically determined link with reproduction
Frey, Sandra. "La dimension du genre dans l'engagement politique local : enquête dans l'Hérault, 1983-1995." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0013.
Full textBortolin-Jandot, Aurélia. "Politiques et médias français face au nucléaire civil et militaire, des années 1960 aux années 1990 : l’exemple de L’Express." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL006.
Full textCommunication on nuclear power in France has evolved in time, to become today often critical, political and conflictual outside the circles directly involved. This evolution questions. It is studied here more specifically through the major weekly of the period, L’Express. The first part of this study allows to understand better how, between 1965 and 1974, the nuclear “fact” became the “question” of nuclear power, entering then into the national political debate. Between 1975 and 1986, second part of this study, a new stage has emerged, during which nuclear power, a politicized object, became electoral motives and arguments, while being at the same time trivialized, locked into contrasted stereotypes, between its dangerous character and its essential aspect. 1986 to 1997 is the strangest moment of this study, between major shocks and a gradual appeasement of the positions on nuclear power, the negative aspect of this technology having been installed durably then, other concerns having also gained the upper hand. At the end of this third part, a balance sheet is made, both on the political use of nuclear power and on the mental images of nuclear power in L’Express. This balance sheet is completed by brief syntheses allowing to understand better the framework of this study, including L’Express and its leaders, the evolutions of politics and the media, or an orderly introduction of the journalists of the weekly having written on nuclear power. Finally, some important documents are reproduced, in order to perceive better what has been the evolution of this communication on nuclear power over time
Zaslavsky-Lartigue, Danielle. "La presse aux prises avec le discours des acteurs politiques : Une analyse des titres de discours rapporté dans la presse méxicaine au cours de l'évènement Chiapas (1994-1995)." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA131003.
Full textThe research captures the different strategies deployed by 5 daily Mexican newspapers of national coverage in face of the Zapatist uprising over the 1994-1995 period, using as a basis foe the analysis those headlines which present reported speech of actors placed on the political scene. Two approaches underlie the work : a quantitative approach based on the systematization of interventions attributed to the actors which intervene in the conflict, and a semio-discursive approach which allows for a surfacing of the enunciative modalities and the argumentative strategies of the reported statements, through which the different ethos of the concerned actors can be apprehended. The first part of the text covers the rapport between the Mexican press and the political power over the years previous to the uprising, the contextualization of the Chiapas event and its periodisation, and describes the theoretical and methodological tools utilized. The second part consists of an analysis of each of the four periods considered, and thesystematic presentation of the different public spaces developed as well as the discourses produced in relation to the event. Each period is considered from the point of view of the volume of information of the dailies, the public space which receives mediatic attention in relation of the conflict, the enunciative modalities and the thematisation of the discourses produced and classified by actor and by newspaper. The text ends with an analysis of the thematic trajectory of certain notions, in order to show how their sense, perceived in the information articles, are generally retaken and problematised in the opinion articles. This enables one to envision the strategies of resistance of adhesion to certain discursive universes of the dailies, and the arenas of symbolic and political confrontation which theZapatist movement has been able to make emerge
Abady, Nahid. "Image de la femme musulmane dans les médias français : le cas de la femme iranienne : dans "Le Monde" et "Sud-ouest" (1997-2001)." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30033.
Full textThe speech of the written press. Firstly, the research gives a general idea, which is at the same time socio-historical and political of iran. In this part, we will concentrate our study on iranian women, their condition and their fight for the emancipation. Secondly, we have made a quantitative and qualitative press analysis, over the period from june 1997 to december 2000. We made emerge through two daily newspapers: “le monde” and “sud-ouest”, the image of the moslem woman and, more particularly that of the iranian woman. The association of these two approaches (socio-historical study and contents analysis) explains not only the obstacles on the way of the equality of the sexes, but also the image of the woman diffused by the press. Presented like the symbol associated to the moslem woman, the veil is only a superficial aspect or look behind which we see some number of socio-cultural, economical and political elements, which at the end, will determine the condition of the woman. Through our corpus, we wish to update the impact of the political context on the broadcast of information, and the interpretations which result from this. Indeed, the cultural and religious values become the pretexts used to argue the domination. The submissiveness of a society starts with the domination of the woman
Avino, Loredana d'. "Spectateur et paria : pluralité et individualité dans les écrits politiques de Pier Paolo Pasolini." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20021.
Full textThe analysis of Pasolini's political writings can help us define the impact his thought had in his time. This impact is an example of the role the intellectual can play as a critical consciousness actor of his time and this example presupposes the search of a theoretical frame in which the intellectual evolves in a world that is dominated by the power of mass media and their ability to equalize the opinion and even the thought. In a society where the intellectual is mainly a scholar who stands out in the public field that is ruled by the mass media and especially the TV, it may be interesting to come back to the birth of thiscivilisation before the image-ruled society outclassed the word-ruled one. Pasolini feels, analyses and criticises this evolution : he could see how dangerous it was and also knew howto exploit its forces, what makes his legacy topical. Being an outcast, a pariah in the Italian cultural world of that time enables him to have an external point of view on his world , yet, his controversial and heretical discourse made his subjectivity prevail. The pitiless and critical eye he had on the world and himself develops in his political writings according to three main themes that are also representative of his many-faceted personality : his passion for pedagogy, his sensitivity for the artistic shape and his socio-political commitment
Chujo, Chiharu. "Formes et enjeux politiques de la musique populaire dans le Japon des années 1970 jusqu'à aujourd'hui : arrangements stratégiques des artistes femmes engagées." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3053/document.
Full textThe figure of the Japanese pop singer reflects the reality of women’s status in Japan. Although Japan went through a crucial feminist movement, like France or the United States, which resulted in a slight improvement in women’s situation in society, the majority of women are still struggling with social norms that remain unrewarding and unfavorable to them. According to the Global Gender Gap Report the World Economic Forum published in 2017, Japan ranks 114th out of 144 countries in terms of gender equality. In this reality, one may notice that Japanese women, whatever their social milieu, are forced to comply with the notion of hyper-normed gender that is anchored in society. In the sphere of Japanese popular music, this social norm dominating female representation has repercussions for many female singers’ positions, either in naive immaturity relating to vulnerability or in a certain magnanimity based on motherhood, two notions not necessarily incongruent. Certain female idols are particularly representative of this phenomenon, whereas their counterparts in other musical styles internalize this social straitjacket. Since March 11, 2011, artists against nuclear increase in Japanese society have fueled reflection on the relationship between music and politics by those who question the postures of politically committed musicians. It should be pointed out, though, that female artists attract quite a bit less public attention than their male counterparts. Although women significantly participate in movements against nuclear programs since the Fukushima disaster, committed female singers and musicians often seem to be relegated to a lower rank than their male colleagues. This ignorance of female musicians’ commitment and the breaking-off between civil society and the popular musical scene can be explained by—as much as it is linked to—the condition of women in a stubbornly patriarchal society. If such a state of affairs does not, in the present time, raise radical opposition among artists, it nevertheless develops in them strategies and arrangements that ensure them a place and visibility in society.Our study examines the contemporary situation of female artists and their positions as committed musicians, by analyzing their artistic expression and considering the social and societal contexts in which they are implicated. The time frame ranges from the 1970s, when women's liberation movements emerged in Japan, to today—and more specifically to the post-Fukushima period, when women's participation in the country's social movements became more prominent. The core of our research focuses particularly on the characterization of committed female musicians and their postures in Japan from the 1990s to the present, revealing the possibility for Japanese women to have positioning plurality based on their social and economic backgrounds
Dieujuste, Rode-Sindia. "Analyse compréhensive de la faible représentation des femmes dans des postes de décision politique en Haïti." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66713.
Full textThis research focuses on the under-representation of women in Haitian politics. More specifically, it seeks to understand this under-representation from the lived experiences and perspectives of women who have reached political decision-making positions in the country. Using a theoretical framework that mobilizes the concepts of “gender consciousness” and “women political representation” developed by Manon Tremblay (1996), the thesis offers a comprehensive analysis of this social phenomenon. A series of semi-structured interviews was carried out with seven Haitian elected officials, including two senators and five former ministers for the Status of Women and Women's Rights. The results of the analysis show that gender-differential socialization, gender stereotypes and gender-based violence can explain the low representation of Haitian women in political decision-making positions. In addition, the analysis highlights the link between the gender consciousness of elected officials and the political representation of women in Haiti. The analysis reveals that the respondents have a gender consciousness and are aware of the gender inequalities that exist in the Haitian society in general and within the political class in particular. On the other hand, several elected officials do not consider themselves as feminists and say that they have represented the population as a whole (men and women) and not the specific interests of women. Conversely, analysis shows that some elected officials are not only gender conscious, but that they have brought the demands of Haitian women into the political arena. While in power, the actions they took addressed the causes of the under-representation of women in politics and the obstacles they had experienced themselves.
Chérif, Salma. "La politique et les femmes dans les romans et nouvelles de Drieu La Rochelle de 1930 à 1939." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030101.
Full textDrieu, a male character, is a torn and hesitating by historical circumstances to make choices and to take stricter decisions. His political and social powerlessness stem from the fact that he wants both to get involved and to remain faithful to values he thinks he represents. In the in-between war period, woman will be his secret revenge, a way to possess the society he looks down upon. He satisfies his passion which encompasses everything. To grasp the mechanism proper to Drieu's imagination leads us to envisage the relation between the theme of love and that of the hero's political engagement as a dialectical relation. Indeed, the historical experience of the male character has, to a large extent, an impact on his love attitude, and his experience with women will contribute to the maturity of his political ideas. This dualism reflects the impossibility to broach the conflict between antagonistic forces. For Drieu, the feminine principle and the male one come to mean taking a position/stand between either decadence or virility
Forgeau, Zerbib Fanny. "L' égalité des sexes institutionnalisée? : des politiques publiques aux rapports de séduction, un examen du modèle norvégien." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS016S.
Full textThe goal of this research is to analyse the efficiency of gender-oriented public policies in two different contexts: France and Norway. The focus is placed on the articulation between the institutional contexts and the private domain. In which way do relationships reveal the impact of the policies? Is gender equality institutionalised? The Norwegian welfare state is a great provider of gender-oriented legislations and, through it, guarantees a high level of equality in the professional and political spheres. The research is based on a comparison with France, and wonders whether the States’ efforts have similar impacts on representations and private relationships. The indicator of those relationships chosen for this thesis is seduction. The survey was conducted among 60 French and Norwegian people of both sexes of diverse ages and social origins. Articulated with the analysis of the public sphere, it shows that the Norwegian “model” of gender equality does not obtain the expected impact. It sheds new light on the efficiency of public policies while revealing the gender arrangements individuals mobilize in the seduction game
Julliard, Virginie. "Emergence et trajectoires de la parité dans l'espace public médiatique (1993-2007) : Histoire et sémiotique au profit d'une étude sur le genre en politique à l'occasion du débat sur la parité." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020049.
Full textDemeyère, Caroline. "Gouvernance publique et collaboration gouvernements-associations dans l’action publique : approche ethnographique des dynamiques relationnelles dans le champ des politiques d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes (1981-2020)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100068.
Full textThis thesis proposes to study the collaboration between governments and non-profit organizations in policy-making, conceived as a process in which existing intersectoral relationships are transformed by the actors' practices and their interactions. A neo-institutionalist theoretical framework, focusing on the concepts of Strategic Action Field, institutional work and interactions, is used to articulate the micro-level of collaborative practices with collaboration emerging at a meso-level, and with public governance at a macro-level. The adopted methodology is an organizational ethnography, with a 3-year immersion in a field bringing together public and non-profit actors around gender equality public policy making in a French region. The doctoral student has used a double academic and non-profit position to observe relational dynamics between governmental and non-profit actors. She has held administrative responsibilities and has volunteered in a professional equality training association. She was also a member of an open collaboration structure between the State and the Social and Solidarity Economy actors whose aim is to promote equality between women and men through and in associative life. The study combines a retrospective longitudinal perspective by tracing the evolution of government-association relations from the first regional public policies in 1981 with a study of government-association collaboration as an ongoing process between 2016 and 2020. Three results are exposed. First, there is a diversity of associative and governmental strategies adopted with regards to collaboration, explained by the positions of actors within the fields and the organizational impacts of collaboration. A typology of these strategies is proposed. Secondly, the governance of collaboration is doubly embedded in a hierarchical and a market logic, which raises difficulties and paradoxes for the actors. Their work to articulate collaboration with preexisting logics in their institutional environment is described. Thirdly, the advent of a collaborative paradigm of public action separate from New Public Management appears to be conditioned by the transformation of public actors’ role, responsibilities and working methods, of intersectoral relationships management tools, and of public policies funding. The construction of a collaborative public management ethic should focus on valuing and preserving the diversity and differences of associative partners and on the redefinition of the consensus/conflict dialectic
Benchikh, Mérabha. "Devenir femme politique. La socialisation et la professionnalisation politiques des femmes à l'aune de la domination masculine." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1054.
Full textIt is timely to talk about the political involvement of women in France in a context that would be equally represented. Through their biographies, their paths activists and elected office, their careers and the exercise of their practices undertaken in this particular field : what determines a woman to become professional in politics ?Thus, why there are still too few women in France to run for elective office while the latter show themselves aware of the problems facing our society and are willing to make changes to social evolution, both through their actions and through their votes for which they are mobilized by appointing representatives to guarantee a given policy. Clearly, women are totally entrenched in politics as they debate the issue and make it like any other citizen. Their turnout attests. In that case, why are they so poorly integrated into the political system ? What will lock their public participation ?To do, our survey will deal with the women’s socialization and professionalization in the peculiar political universe where the power is synonymous with manliness, through a gendered comparison of the feminine and masculine careers
Machon, Marie-Claude. "Femmes et developpement : problématiques de l'éducation des femmes, dans la Caraibe anglophone, à la Jamaique, à la Barbade et à la Trinité et Tobago, au début du XXème siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040135.
Full textThe Caribbean school system reveals a gender gap in favour of girls and a reverse trend from other developing countries, except in Latin America. Girls outperform boys at all levels in term of academic success as well as attendance, to a point that the boys’ underachievement and under-attendance as well as repetitions at school are of a growing concern for governments in the region and have brought about a controversial theory about the marginalization of boys and men. Despite the general feeling that boys are being threatened by the empowerment of women, a detailed analysis of their situation shows the contradiction of the discrimination women still face locally in the economic, professional and political world. The situation bears evidence to the limitations of education and the failings of a post-colonial system as well as gender differentials. Can Caribbean development policies privilege gender mainstreaming so as to tap the potential of both men and women, while women should be viewed as equal agents of development?
Blamont, Gérard. "La satire des personnalités politiques en Angleterre : tradition et renouvellements : le cas de "Week Ending" (Thatcher et Major)." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030030.
Full textParticular satire,i. E, the caricature of political figures, is the most striking feature of contemporary satire; however it has not always been so. It flourished in the ancient comedy in athens, but subsequently disappeared and, in england, reemerged as late as the eighteenth century, forst on the stage (gay, fielding), until walpole's licensing act of 1927, then in satirical prints. Less rigorus censorship, the vigour of political feuds, and the rise of historicism, account for the remergence of particular satire. In the middle ages, people were reduced to typesmonarchs included-, seen as parts of the social body in a cyclial view of history. The renaissance marked the intrusion of topicality in the world of types; but the representation of public figures remained highly emblematic. In great britain, the "satire boom" of the 1960's-often unduly set against georgian satire, was preceded by plays and shows deriding politicians in the popular theatre, reminiscent of the cartoons of punch, in spite of strict control by the lord chamberlain unti 1968. The bbc originally banned satire, but then played a major role in its rebirth especially with tw3. This experience was short-lived, due to the reactions of some viewers and politicians. However, since 1971, week ending, the bbc radio 4 progrramme, nursery of talented satirists, has been taking a critical look at british society and political personalities-the prime ministers being prominent targets -through its review of the week's events, underlining the infringement of a moral norm. Thatcher, a mobilising leader in peace time, was very early on portrayed as a pitiless despot, then a dangerous maniac, and finally as a monstrous creature from the beyond. The caricature of major, a distorted version of the conciliatory leader, marks a return to the tradition of the politician as weak, incompetent buffoon
Souissi, Seima. "Médias et groupes de pression dans la formulation des politiques publiques au Québec : le cas de la modification du programme des prêts et bourses d'études." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24999/24999.pdf.
Full textMoulin, Stéphane. "Réexamen des inégalités entre hommes et femmes sur le marché du travail : des philosophies politiques aux évaluations empiriques." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00095542.
Full textNous soutenons qu'il n'est pas possible de donner une définition non ambiguë de la discrimination sur le marché du travail sans rentrer dans des questions de philosophie politique de la justice. Chaque philosophie politique implique une conception différente de la discrimination et impose des contraintes sur la méthodologie empirique de mesure des inégalités. Une conception pluraliste de la discrimination conduit ainsi à critiquer la conception consensuelle de l'égalité des chances, la théorie marginale de la juste distribution ainsi que la « bonne » pratique de mesure de la discrimination.
Nous présentons d'abord une grille d'analyse pluraliste de la discrimination entre les sexes articulant philosophies politiques de la justice sexuée, théories économiques de la discrimination, et méthodologies statistiques de mesure de l'inégalité de traitement sur le marché du travail. Nous proposons ensuite des mesures économétriques des barrières discriminatoires à l'accès à l'emploi, au temps plein et aux responsabilités hiérarchiques. Ces mesures nous permettent enfin de revenir sur l'identification et l'évaluation de la ségrégation verticale, de la discrimination salariale, et de la discrimination positive dans les politiques de l'emploi.
Miranda, perez Fabiola. "Action publique et justice dans le Chili post-dictatorial : Le traitement étatique des violences envers les femmes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH042.
Full textSince Chile has been back to the democratic regime in 1990, we observe a repositioning of both social policies and policies that seek to correct the violations to the Human Rights committed during the authoritarian regime (1973-1990). Indeed, the objective is to set some instruments up in order to validate the new democracy through the 90s. Thus, in this context of recognition of the social Rights, the women movement(s) succeeds at integrating in the public agenda their request for the creation of a law that would enable the protection of women victims of intimate violence from their partner: the 1994 intra-family violence Law. Under a logical of social protection and public policies focusing, this country develops several devices that shyly emerge between 1994 and 2004. Nevertheless, in 2005 a reform of the penal and family system as long as the law about intra-family violence, allow the implementation of a public policy of care taking for the violence committed against women, that put to work several institutions and actors from both public and private sectors. Despite those lasts initiatives, the assistancial type logics proper to a neoliberal State establish themselves in the field of action, as a way to answer inequalities. Therefore, the situations of abuse suffered by women will be measured depending on the risk they represent for themselves and for their families, or for their exposure to vulnerability situations.Starting from the works about government Sciences (Ihl, Kaluszynski, Pollet, 2003), the sociology of public action (Hassenteuffel, 2011 ; Lascoumes et le Galès, 2004 ; 2012), the sociology of Right and Justice (Commaille et al, 2000), and the studies of gender and public policies (Dauphin, 2010 ; Bereni et al, 2012), this PhD piece of work seeks to question the ways the public policy of violence against women care taking has been set up and legitimated within the State, specially within the social protection organism as the National Women Service (SERNAM), and the justice institutions (Family Matters Courts, Public Ministry, Criminal Courts, among others). Thanks to a mixed methodology for data collection, composed by semi-directive interviews (67) made to relevant actors of the implementation of the public policy but also ethnographical observations within the Family Matters court, the study is interested in the relation that the State establishes with the recipients of the public action, with the objective of understanding how the subjectivity of the workers have an impact on the way violence is dealt with, establishing themselves as a government device for those cases. It also reports the models of social intervention and the social field management in Chile