Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Femmes – Sénégal – Conditions sociales'
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Gomis, Pierre. "Scolarisation et promotion féminines au Sénégal : différenciation sexuelle et disparités sociales devant l'école." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10046.
Full textSmires, Yasmine. "Politiques publiques et participation citoyenne des femmes aux radios communautaires au Sénégal : impacts sur les droits économiques et civils." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26261/26261.pdf.
Full textRadio has been a really important communication medium for African countries. The democratization experienced by the African countries helped to liberalize the media landscape. Furthermore, this liberalization helped the development of a specific kind of radio, community radios, that have ability of giving a voice to the voiceless. Beside the insufficient integration of women in the community radios, this study shows that this new communication tool has a relative importance on women’s economic and civil rights. The study shows what these impacts are, as well as their limits, and the place of governmental and non-governmental institutions in the development of this medium.
Faye, Adji Astou. "L'espace économique et social de la femme dans une région du Sénégal : Kaolack." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100052.
Full textSeck, Awa. "Vieillir au féminin : l'expérience de femmes sénégalaises âgées de 60 ans et plus vivant dans la communauté." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26495/26495.pdf.
Full textKane, Lo Aissata. "Les signares dans la Sénégambie du Nord : constructions identitaires d'un groupe social : XVIIe-XXe siècles." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10024.
Full textDiop-Barry, Ismahan Soukeyna. "Hystérectomie, mastectomie et statut de la femme au Sénégal." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL016.
Full textHysterectomy and mastectomy undermine the integrity of women's body and mind, on the maternal as well as on the feminine aspect. This research, undergone in the town of Dakar (Senegal), aims to understand their consequences on the Senegalese woman, emphasizing the particularities of this cultural environment and the social representations on women status. We gathered the impressions of Senegalese women, who have undergone these surgeries, through clinical interviews conducted immediately after the surgery, and within a year later. Our goal was to highlight the implications of hysterectomy and mastectomy and to identify the psychological processes at work in this situation. This research allowed us to demonstrate that mastectomy has a heavier impact on body image, and that sexual functioning is a major concern in most subjects, because of consequences regarding self-esteem and postoperative pain experienced as frightening for the subjects. It underlined that the operation is experienced as a castration in the reality of the subject, from a parental superego instance, due to a fault he has made. This research has also shown that hysterectomy and mastectomy imply a narcissistic injury among Senegalese women, because of the importance of the body that is specific to this culture, and the phallic properties of breast and uterus. This narcissistic injury has a impact on the relationship that women have with their environment and particularly with men. The feminine and the maternal are highlighted in Senegalese culture, but illness and operation, let appear a gap with the cultural rules that determine the order of their expression
Ba, Halimatou. "La participation des femmes dans les groupements économiques en milieu urbain dans le secteur des pêches à Dakar." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23862/23862.pdf.
Full textPinard, Émilie. "«Construire son futur» : production de l'habitation et transformation des rapports de genre à Pikine, Sénégal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25529.
Full textCette thèse porte sur la production de l’habitation des quartiers informels et sur sa participation dans le processus d’autonomisation des femmes sénégalaises. Elle documente les acteurs, normes et pratiques impliqués dans la construction résidentielle, par l’étude des cas de dix-sept femmes propriétaires et de leur maison dans quatre quartiers de Pikine, en périphérie de Dakar. Supportée par un cadre théorique qui permet de concevoir l’habitation comme un processus dynamique et multidimensionnel, cette étude met en lumière les rapports sociaux développés autour de la mobilisation des ressources pour construire et de la transformation de la forme bâtie. L’approche méthodologique combine des entretiens narratifs avec les propriétaires sur des séquences de vie et l’histoire de leur maison, des relevés architecturaux, des entretiens avec des intervenants locaux et une enquête sur la population et les habitations des quartiers étudiés. Une attention particulière est portée aux moyens individuels et collectifs déployés par les femmes pour la production de leur habitation, afin d’en éclairer les possibilités et contraintes pour la transformation des rapports de genre et l’autonomisation. La thèse montre que les femmes doivent s’appuyer sur divers réseaux pour mobiliser les ressources pour construire, tout en s’assurant de sécuriser celles-ci pour protéger, à long terme, les possibilités qu’elles ont créées pour elle-même et leur famille et, par le fait même, négocier ou transformer les normes sociales qui les désavantagent. Dans ce processus, l’espace résidentiel devient pour les propriétaires un médium des rapports aux autres et peut contribuer au maintien ou à la perte de cet équilibre entre l’accès à de nouvelles ressources et la sécurisation des acquis. Cette étude remet ainsi en question les interprétations, à la base de nombreux écrits et politiques de logement, sur la nature spontanée des quartiers informels et sur les principaux objectifs associés à la construction dans ce contexte. Pour les femmes propriétaires, le processus de production en lui-même représente une voie vers de nouvelles possibilités sociales et économiques porteuses d’une plus grande sécurité et d’une autonomie; pour « construire son futur », transformer activement sa maison est donc souvent plus important que l’obtention d’un bâtiment fini.
This thesis examines informal housing production and its contribution to the empowerment of Senegalese women. It documents the everyday practices, norms and social relationships involved in the construction of houses “from below”, through a detailed analysis of women owners and their houses in four unplanned neighbourhoods of Pikine, in the periphery of Dakar. Considering housing as a dynamic and multidimensional process, this study sheds light on people’s interactions over resource transactions and space, while paying attention to negotiations and inequalities associated with these processes and their consequences for daily life in the city. It describes the strategies through which women owners produce their house and secure a place for themselves and their family in the urban agglomeration, and the spatial and social consequences of these processes. In-depth interviews and life stories with women owners and their families were conducted in combination with architectural surveys of their houses, interviews with key actors involved in land subdivision and housing production, and surveys on land transaction and housing conditions. The thesis shows that women need to draw on a wide range of networks to access resources and at the same time continually negotiate and protect the space of opportunity they have created for themselves; in doing so, they resist and transform social and spatial norms. These results question the usual interpretation according to which obtaining a finished house is the main objective of house construction: for women, the production process itself represents a path towards greater security, but also towards an array of new social and economic possibilities, that are often more significant than the (sometimes never reached) final result.
Blanchard, Mélissa. "Les chemins de l'autonomie : migrantes sénégalaises à Marseille." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10026.
Full textSagna, Marie Rosalie. "Impact de la microfinance sur l'empowerment des femmes et la lutte contre la pauvreté dans la région de Ziguinchor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26051.
Full textThis present research examines the impact of microfinance on the transformations of the economic, social and political status of the women in the region of Ziguinchor, situated in the southwest of Senegal. The examination covers the social representations which they have of the poverty and the strengthening of their power to act (" empowerment "), at the individual, family and collective level. It is also interested in the strategies developed by the women to meet the requirements of the microfinance. To seize better the logics which base choices and actions of the women, we opted for a qualitative methodology. It is based on structured interviews. Our sampling is non-probability by reasoned choice centered on a voluntary basis. Our criteria of inclusion are the age, the experience and the place of residence. The study was conducted with thirty women and with eight members of staff of organizations of microfinance. The data were also collected by of our observations and secondary sources. The theoretical approaches of "gender and development" and "strategic actor" guided this study. These put the women in the center of the analysis of the relationships of power and the social change. They helped to understand the logics of the women, their représentations, life experiences and strategies, in particular their subjective experience. We can observe three different situations within the results. The first is related with the persistence of a multilevel poverty linked with the large monetary level and the lifestyle conditions level too. The second one shows a limited impact on the empowerment of the women and the living conditions in their families. The third one explains how the economic and political context of Ziguinchor limits the empowerment of women and the improvement of living conditions in their household.
Sarr, Ndeye Faty. "Impacts des microcrédits de l'Union des Mutuelles pour la Mobilisation de l'Épargne et le Crédit (UM-PAMECAS) sur les conditions économique et sociale des femmes : "Empowerment" ou instrumentalisation?" Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25759.
Full textThis qualitative study deals with the effects of microcredits on the economical and social Empowerment of women. Therefore, we conducted the case study of l’Union des Mutuelles-Partenariat pour la Mobilisation de l’Épargne et le Crédit au Sénégal (UM-PAMECAS), a microcredit organization which started its operations in the mid 1990s. Several sources of data were constructed from interviews, participant observation and documentary sources. Thus, we interviewed 40 women and UM-PAMECAS microcredit beneficiaries, 13 of them being employees of the organization. The perspective of the global approach was adopted in this research. It has allowed us to analyze and understand the characteristics, operation, and economic and social impact of the spread of microcredit as a mechanism or mode of development in women. In order to measure the effects of microfinance on beneficiaries, we used a central concept, namely the emancipation of women. Based on the different definitions of the concept of Empowerment and its indicators, we developed our model for analyzing the economic and social Empowerment of women who are beneficiaries of UM-PAMECAS microcredit. The results indicate that women’s access to microcredit has fostered economic Empowerment of women with the strengthening of their professional activities and financial autonomy. However, this economic Empowerment is undermined by both ideological and structural factors. As far as the effects of microcredit on the social and political Empowerment are concerned, they are rather weak mainly due to the permanence of the traditional way of regulating social relations between the sexes. Keywords: Microfinance, women, development, Empowerment, Senegal, UM-PAMECAS.
Di, Muro Icir Mimina. "Le « pouvoir » des femmes : étude du monde féminin Bassari à Ethiolo." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP032.
Full textThe « power » of women (A study of the feminine world of the Bassari in Ethiolo). Behind an apparently simple and « shy » demeanor, the Bassari feminine world conceals great complexity, characterized by women being mysterious and decisive at the same time. Such behavior is the power of the women of Ethiolo. The purpose of the project is to study the Bassari feminine world in Ethiolo (a village located in Eastern Senegal on the border with Guinea-Conakry). Such world cannot be understood without simultaneously observing the masculine world of the Bassari and the interaction of between the two. The main subjects of the following paper are: the analysis of the age system, which lays at the basis of the social organization of the Bassari population, the analysis of the administration of power, based on the control of the secrets of masks (for men) and the peculiar affinity with the world of spirits (for women), and lastly the role of women during male initiation. Bassari women, with their attachment to traditions, their awareness of the value of their culture and nonetheless their ability to adapt to the inevitable changes of the modern world, contribute to the preservation of the future of the Bassari
N'Diaye, Marième. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40019/document.
Full textIn Muslim countries, Family Law is a highly sensitive matter, which generates recurrent controversy, mainly polarised around Islamic and feminist positions. This is, for instance, what can be observed in Senegal and Morocco. In both countries, the legislator tried to mediate this tension by strengthening Women’s Rights within a text that conciliates Islamic imperatives and injunction to modernity. But this solution is far from receiving unanimous support.Taking the Family Law debate as a starting point, this work combines public policy studies and political sociology of law to analyse how the State tries to regulate the intimate sphere in order to be viewed as the sole domination apparatus within a context of strong normative pluralism. The comparison between the Moroccan and the Senegalese States - a comparison based on ‘dramatic contrasts’- allows to focus the analysis on the differences between the Morocco and Senegalese states in terms of capacity and legitimacy, and thus helps us in better understanding the specificity of state-institutionalisation processes in developing countries.In both cases, the State tries to take advantage from the controversy. It plays on the different normative systems and involves all the actors who acknowledge it as the legitimate arbitrator in order to keep and consolidate its power of law framing. Furthermore, in order to overcome the difficulties linked to law enforcement, the State relies on non-state actors to apply the law. This evidences and confirms the fact that Family Law is the result of a process of co-production. Even if State jurisprudence does not constitute the only normative order, but one amongst others, it nevertheless importantly influences individual behaviour on both the cognitive and the experiential levels. It thus reinforces the State’s pretention to constitute the ultimate political authority
Lasbeur, Linda. "Modes de contrôle de la fécondité en Afrique de l’Ouest : analyse comparative (Sénégal, Mali, Burkina Faso et Ghana)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100196.
Full textThis research focuses on fertility control and especially contraception in Western Africa (Mali, Senegal, Ghana and Burkina Faso), based on data from the D. H. S. We first describe the social and demographic characteristics of the women (residence and level of education) using the Bongaarts model. To comprehend why some sexually active and fertile women who wish to limit their number of children do not use contraceptive methods, we used the Lesthaeghe model. And to understand obstacles to birth control, we conducted group interviews in Senegal. Social characteristics do not account completely for attitudes towards birth control techniques. Individual experience can influence resorting to contraception and apprehending social interaction helps in comprehending social change
Khoule, El Hadji Souleymane. "Politiques et stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1028.
Full textThe question of poverty is one of the biggest concerns of this century. Poverty is a complex universal reality, deeply rooted and present in all societies. No country is completely protected against this curse. The international organizations discover that this problem is not solved. Even if we can notice an improvement of life conditions in Northern countries, the Southern societies suffer from poverty becoming more and more worrying. Our work treats policies and strategies of fighting against poverty in Senegal. But fighting poverty means being able to define the concept of poverty and to delimit the real causes, as well as formulating the operational strategies of struggle against this plague in its multi dimensions. In this essay we have on the one hand analyzed the globalization of poverty and on the other hand we show that the elimination of poverty in Senegal is for certain a difficult exercise but not an impossible one as miseries and poverty are controllable. So there is no excuse as for the expansion and it is not acceptable to stop acting before having eradicated this curse
Charalambous, Kyriacos. "L'opposition cachée, homme-femme (France-Grèce)." Paris 8, 1988. http://octaviana.fr/document/180469703#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textBecause it unites the five elements of any mode of production - owners, workers, tools, property and labor rela- tions - the family forms a mode of production. Peasant's family, shephered's family in precapitalist France and Greece, craftsman's family, middleclass family and working-class fami- ly in capitalist society in these same countries forms more than a mode of production. The social statut of housewife is approximately equiva- lent to this one of slave. The concept of capitalist mode of production does not des- cribe complex social relations. It does provide a theorical model for these between capital and labor but it hides that between man and woman. This is despite the fact that relation between spo- oses is assimilated within a capitalist type of production. Within the middle-class family, in business world, in society as a whole, there existe a confusion between relations, between class and thoses existing between sexes
Shaaban, Youssif. "La Femme en Irak : conditions de travail et réalités sociales." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20008.
Full textEventhough women represent half of iraqi society, their share in active life remains very small. After the 1968 revolution, the state gave a great importance to women. It instituted equality between both sexes, in the fields of jobs and schooling. Moreover, women are entitled to a few specific advantages concerning jobs, regarding their position as mother and wife. In spite of these efforts, the working iraqi women has still to endure many problems and to deal, mainly, with the inevitable question : how to reconcile job and home, in addition to what, most of the times, the work legislation relative to women is not respected. This situation prevented iraqi women from assuming properly their professional and domestic responsabilites
Mbow, Lat Soucabé. "Dakar : croissance et mobilité urbaines." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100108.
Full textShortly after World War II, Dakar underwent an unprecedented urban growth. Its diverse roles between 1945 and 1980 made it conquer annually more than 400 hectares over the neighboring agricultural lands. Such a peripheral expansion no doubt generated conspicuous technical constraints in terms of unequal opportunity to have access to public services, and within the internal functional difficulties of the suburb. The rapid spatial expansion is a result of both the growth of urban functions and demographic moves. The vigor of the latter generated various population problems of which unemployment is probably the most determining social stratification factor in Dakar. To a large extent, the location of several groups within the spatial framework depends on it. However, social segregation is not as tough as it may appear. In the long run, differences may emerge, subsequent to the implementation of policies more liberal than those that prevailed under welfare state
Fahim, Rhizlane. "Les femmes voilées au Maroc." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20088.
Full textThis study's about marocco's women society. It brings to mind different moments and steps of their life: from death and from reception reserved to needs assigned. The many their husband is chosen, their relations with men, problems resulting from their mother, wife or widow's dubies are also pointed out. Moreover, it permits to deal with, not only women considered for their part of work, their action and reactions, but also, to certify a certain reality by the means of traditions and longely ancred into spirits religions interpretations. Most of all, some practicals and new behanours reveal a transforming society. This study's prospect is on women and about concepts established on sexual segregation, stratification and social dynamism. It stops women blooming, berefts them of all freedom initiative, and prevents them from acting and thinking. Women demonstrate and contest all the means and possibilities offered for a cultural and social change. Protests and turnovers breaking traditions and costoms's chain, were the principal purpose of this study
Faranguis, Habibi. "L'identité des femmes iraniènes dans la société en transition." Paris 8, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080426.
Full textTHE SUBJECT OF THIS THESIS IS TO EXPLAIN IDENTITARY STATE OF WOMEN IN THE IRANIAN SOCIETY INVOLVED IN A PROCESS OF ECONOMICAL AND CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS; THIS PROCESS WHILE PRESENTING MOMENTS OF RUPTURE AND CRISIS, IS NOT ASSIMILATED WITH THE SAME RHYTHM BY THE DIFFERENT STATAS OF THE POPULATION. IT IS IN A SUCH SITUATION OF CRISIS THAT THE PROBLEM OF IDENTITY IS SET AND THAT THE NOSTALGIA OG A "TERRITORIALITY" OF IDENTITYCOAST WITH THE DESIR OF ESCAPE TOWARDS UNEPLORED HORIZONS. THE PROBLEMATIC OF IDENTITY BEEING SET AT THE BORDER OF THE SELF AND THE OTHER, THE POINT IS TO RECOGNIZE THE SELF IN ITE EVERY DEMONSTRATION AND AMONG ALL ITS WITHHOLDERS. IN A SOCIETY SRUK BY AUTHORITARISM IT IS THE LAW OF THE FATHER WHICH DELIMITS THE OUTLINES OF THE SELF AND REJECTS ALL WHICH IS NOT COMPRISED IN IT. THE POSITION OF WOMEN WITH REGARD TO THE CODE OF THE FATHER AND THE DELICATE DISTANCE THEY SHOULD SET BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND THIS CODE IS THE QUESTION OF THIS WORK. IT IS A research MADE INTO A COME AND GO BETWEEN THE FORMER AND THE RECENT IDEOLOGICAL INHERITANCE AND THE ACTUALITY OF WOMEN'S LIFE. IT TRIES TO BRING IN LIGHT ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURE OF THE IDENTITY AND THOSE RISING FROM HISTORICAL CONJONCTURE OF IDENTITARY STATE. AT THE ISSUE OF THIS WORK IT APPEARS THAT THE FEELING OF VALUE CONSTITUES THE NODAL POINT OF IDENTITY OF IRANIAN WOMER. .
Maroun-Sabeh, May. "La femme arabe et les tabous à travers les oeuvres de Nawal al-Sa'dawi et Ghada al-Samman." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30044.
Full textVallet, Louis-André. "La mobilité sociale des femmes en France : la participation des femmes aux processus de mobilité sociale intergénérationnelle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040183.
Full textThis thesis proposes a large research program to include women in the study of intergenerational social mobility in France. The topics studied are occupational mobility, marital mobility and the degree to which personal characteristics of wives and mothers are significant elements to understand the trajectories of families within the social structure. The national data used come from the 1962. 1968, 1975, 1982 population census, the “enquete sur l'emploi” de 1953 and the surveys “formation-qualification professionnelle” carried out by the Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques during the years 1970, 1977 and 1985 on national representative samples (about forty thousand men and women each). Quantitative and statistical analysis uses log-linear modeling, path analysis, correspondence analysis and logistic regression. The thesis presents a large number of results which are important for the orientation of future research on intergenerational social mobility in France
Akpaki, Soumon Roger. "Dynamique économique des femmes et mutations socio-politiques au sud du Bénin et au sud-ouest du Nigéria de 1946 à 1990." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070011.
Full textThe subjects studied in this thesis are at the same time economic, political and social and concern women of the south Benin and southwest Nigeria. The analysis underlines the presence and the influence of women in economic activities, such as business and craft industry, before wondering about the impact of this economic dynamism on the social transformations and on the participation of women in politics. In market places -" the feminine space par excellence"-, women are grouped together in different associations where they work together and therefore ensure an effective management of these spaces. Concerning the social transformations, this research essentially approached the evolution of feminine schooling, as well as the changes occurring in women's role and place inside the religious life of societies. It also stressed on women's daily fight against traditions (heaviness) in yoruba urban area and the mirage of modernity : polygamy, household management and expenses. Finally, other demographic and sociological aspects connected to the environment were developed. Women also demonstrated their capacity to face situations of economic and social crisis, and often better than men. They were very active and eager to fight in the 1940s and 1950s especially in the southwest of Nigeria. Their resourcefulness allowed them to resist better than men to the numerous effects of the 1970s and 1980s plural crisis. Finally, if men, political parties and authorities often used them as a huge pool of votes, women begin to realize the importance of their capacity and, from now on, they want to contribute as much as possible to the management of public affairs in their country
Ndongo, Mouhamed. "Des jeunes femmes musulmanes dans des sports « masculins » et « féminins » : mise en tension des normes sportives, sociales et religieuses." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080040.
Full textIn a cultural setting refractory to women's sport in Senegal, young muslim women engage in "masculine" disciplines such as (football, rugby and martial arts) and sometimes "feminine" such as (swimming and gymnastics) to the extent to enter a so called Double "transgression" known as : social and religious. In doing so, this thesis attempts to analyze young women's relationships with sport, femininity and religion. To do this, the methodology is based on the use of semi-direct interview.Their conditions of access to sport indicate differences within and between categories of practice outside the determining role of social relations networks in club registration. Considering their investment as an economic opportunity, they encounter social, professional and political resistance that will force them to abandon anyway. Young women engaging in "masculine" practices are more "feminist" but all of them eventually abide by norms.In addition, they have the same representations of beauty but women swimmers and gymnasts are distinguished by their ways of keeping their femininity. Having a weak and blind knowledge of religious texts, they have a transgressive representation of their practice which they intentionally legitimize. Their relations with religion remain similar except for young women who are "veiled" who actually appear more modest and attribute different meanings to the veil (economic, religious and aesthetical)
Fresia, Marion. "L'humanitaire en contexte : pratiques, discours et vécus des mauritaniens réfugiés au Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0166.
Full textThis thesis explores the social dynamics of refugee movements in the light of black mauritanian refugees who have been forced toexile in Senegal since 1989. Based on an empirrical approach, it can be considered as an ethnography of a forced displacement which studies its consequences in term of political, economical and identity change for both the refugees and their host country. The analysis is holistic : the scale of observation frequently shifts from inside a refugee camp or a humanitarian organization (the UNHCR), to outside of the humanitarian space in the local environment, by sistematical comparing discourses to practices, it then become possible to reconstitute the life trajectories of refugees and underline how they encompass different territories and identities at the same time and enhance a complex construction of the self and the other
Elbelghiti, Malika. "La Condition des femmes dans le Maroc indépendant." Paris, EHESS, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHES0100.
Full textLe poids des coutumes oppressives. Il en est ainsi de la manière dont évoluent les pratiques du mariage précoce, du mariage force, de la polygamie, de la répudiation. A cote de l'instruction, l'abandon des pratiques de réclusion et l’émergence de l’idéal du couple fonde sur une éthique qui privilégie les valeurs de la compréhension mutuelle et de la coopération ont constitue les symboles de la rupture avec le passe. Ces acquis sont confrontes a de nouvelles contradictions : urbanisation anarchique, renforcement des inégalités sociales, accroissement des taches prises en charge par les femmes, appauvrissement de la vie affective résultant du rétrécissement de la dimension de la famille, maintien de la double morale, mercantilisation des rapports
Khadem, Abbas Khiabani Fariba. "Les Femmes en Iran : rôle des sexes et rapports intersexuels dans une société en mutation." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20037.
Full textThe evolution of iranian women'status in the xxeth century should not be regarded solely as a consequence of the different phases through which islam has gone in iran. Three factors are involved: the common origin of mediterranean societies, the feodalism of the iranian society and the iranian appropriation of the islamic discourse
Bisilliat, Jeanne. "Les femmes dans les sociétés du sud : la cassure du savoir." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010693.
Full textThe thesis main line rests on gender relationships in two field research, Africa and Brasil. It is the study of poor women's exclusion from the point of view of anthropology of change and epistemological position based upon the links between social weakness and factors of change. Chapter I starts on the problem of the observer in a comparative way. Chapter II and III describe various types of social construction as well as the discovery of the invisible actor (women). Chapter IV tells the history of gender relationships and development, makes the analysis of the reasons of women's invisibility in development as well as in social sciences and demonstrates that their introduction forces on reconsideration of some categories such as submission, dependency rebelion. This dialectic movement creates a tenseness between two knowledges linked to feminism and development. Chapter V shows that maternity and lack of mobility go on subduing women but that their participation in popular movements allows them to escape from cultural constraints and to have access to politics and citizenship
Provost, Julie-Pascale. "Identité et genre au Gabon : les Femmes de Libreville." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23959/23959.pdf.
Full textDubesset, Mathilde, and Michelle Zancarini-Fournel. "Parcours de femmes : réalités et représentations : Saint-Etienne : 1880-1950." Lyon 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO20006.
Full textMakki, Némat. "La participation des femmes à la vie publique libanaise." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21013.
Full textThis research studies the evolution of the women in libanon, and the women participation in the lebanese political life. The first part shows haw the feminist issue begins in the arab world in the mid nineteenth century and how the intellectuals tackle it. The second part tackle the women rights and personal status in the law and the economic life the education. The third part presents the women participation in the public and political life
Ancel, Pierre-Yves. "Différences sociales de grande prématurité en Europe." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T035.
Full textObjective: The seriousness of the consequences of very preterm deliveries requires the investigation of their risk factors. At the beginning of this research, the limited knowledge available suggested that very preterm deliveries were more strongly associated with medical factors than with social factors. The aim of this thesis was to analyse the relationship between social status of women and the risk to deliver before 33 completed weeks of amenorrhoea. In order to improve knowledge of these risk factors, statistical analyses have been performed in two European geographical areas, and in populations with different medical risk level. Methods: Two databases have been used. The first one is a case-control survey carried out in 15 European countries in 1996, the EUROPOP project. The study included 278 late abortions (14-21 weeks), 1675 very preterm births, 3652 moderate preterm births (33-36 weeks) and 7965 full-term births. In the second one, data from two French perinatal surveys, carried out in 1995 and 1998 arid based on national random samples of births, were combined. These surveys included 248 very preterm births, 1024 moderate preterm births and 24714 full-term births. The analysis of both databases bas been limited to single pregnancies (stillbirths and live births). Results: From Europop data, large social differences of very preterm births have been observed. These differences were larger in countries with high infant mortality (higher than 10 per thousand live births). French data showed a higher risk of very preterm births among under-privileged women. Social differences were larger among low risk women than among women with previous severe pregnancy outcome. The investigation of medical and social risk factors suggests continuity in the aetiology of late abortions, very and moderate preterm births. Conclusion: Social differences in very preterm births exist; they are clearly stated. Social environment contributes mostly in countries where the socioeconomic situation is difficult for pregnant women, and among women with a low medical risk. This study reinforces the need of further research on interactions between medical and social environments
Darius, Fanny-Françoise. "Femmes antillaises en France : de l'oppression à l'immigration, de l'impact de l'immigration sur des trajectoires féminines dans la minorité guadeloupéenne et martiniquaise." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H003.
Full textSince the enactment of the 1974 act which in France put an and to foreign immigration, only the number of migrant women has kept increasing, within the framework of household groupings, and this despite a set of decrees aiming at reducing their effects. At the same time the number of working women has gone up apprecially. Actually, women's participation in economic life is very unever if we compare a generation to another, a wave of immigration to another, a citizenship to another when it does not depend more directly on women's status within the family or on the bulk of their duties particularly for women who are householders. Within this general framework, female West Indian migrants from Guadeloupe and Martinique present some specificities: on the hand because male and female migrations started at the same time, on the other hand because these migrations were fostered by the authorities as soon as political integration of these old colonies was achieved (march 19, 1946). From this day forward, together with the profound changeovers undergone by these new departments in many respects similar to those occuring in France, the conditions for a continuous immigration, for an integration of West Indians into the social organization of the host country and even the conditions for a re-insertion at home have changed. So, by modifying the traditionnal relationship between work and family, women's access to skilled jobs reveals cultural and family tensions in the migration which concur to reproduce the disparities according to "new" economic conditions. Middle class migrations which took place around the two world wars have been replaced by migrations affecting groups living in the economic structure based on plantation nearing disappearance which were prevented from holding salaried jobs because of the quick saturation of the few expanding fields but where new forms of sex discrimination had taken place and which explain female's migrations
Osman, Hassan Ahlam. "La femme instruite au Soudan." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21013.
Full textEducated woman in Sudan is an effective instrument of social change. She plays an important role in the process of change. In reality, educated women in Sudan face up to critics and oppositions; because she has revolted the condition of woman. With her education and her entrance in the work life she has imposed for the society another reality of the situation of woman. This reality is accepted by some category of the society, tolerated with reluctance by another, and opposed with determination by the third category
Moreau, Mélanie. "La condition des femmes à Cuba de la fin de la colonie à la veille de la Révolution : (1898-1958)." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30050.
Full textDumas, Christelle. "Offre de travail des enfants et demande d'éducation dans les pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest." Paris, EHESS, 2005. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001786.
Full textThis thesis aims to identify microeconomic determinants of children's time allocation in Senegal and Burkina Faso. We mainly focus on the impact of social background. We find that parental education, once carefully instrumented, increases education levels and decreases labour participation, while the impact of wealth on education remains weak. In the same vein, we do not find any specific effect of poverty on the time spent at work by children. Owning productive assets an important determinant of children's labour supply, proving that market imperfections exist and play a role in the emergence of child labour. Finally, determining wether labour participation is detrimental to children's education is fairly intricate, but an empirical test allows us to conclude that it is not harmful to human capital accumulation
Faye, Evariste. "La ville de Thiès au Sénégal, dans sa proche région rurale, quelle politique d'environnement durable ?" Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL005.
Full textThe notion sustainable environment recognized as an international watch-word stemming from awareness of earth capacities considering societies evolution and their environment, prove the significance of this environment study at a local level. This concerns a city and its near rural area : Thiès city in Senegal and its neighbouring villages. This urban, per urban and rural adjoining areas present actually many environment and development problems. Right now it's a matter of urgency to act for the protection of the environment in the short and long term, which is a guarantee of sustainable development of the area
Khadem, Abbas Khiabani Parvaneh. "L'activité professionnelle des femmes maghrébines en France et ses répercussions sur leur vie de tous les jours." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20051.
Full textFor about ten years, there has been more women among the labour from the maghreb immigrating in france. At the same time, the working rate of the women from the maghreb who live in france has rapidly increased. For more permanent female workers settle in france? more female foreigners who have been living in france for some time begin to work and a greater number of men from the maghreb are unemployed. . . For these female immigrants from the maghreb, to work does not necessarily mean social advancememnt or greater fulfilment, this is hindered by too many economic and cultural obstacles
Akkar, Rabéa. "La femme à travers les discours arabo-mulsumans et leur impact dans le processus de l'institutionalisation." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA082205.
Full textGuénette, Maryse. "Femmes, solitude et société à Manosque au XIVe siècle (1314-1358)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29240.
Full textHerelle-Dupuy, Evelyne. "Chômage, emprise et dégagement : trajectoires de femmes." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070091.
Full textThis paper examines the socio-psychological aspects of inemployment when someone loses their job but also when they reenter employment after retraining it is based on professional experience of job- retraining courses with a population of unemployed people. The thoughts presented call for a multisciplinary approach. They study unemployment as a psycho-social phenomenon situated at the intersection of social, group and individual dynamics. The macro micro-social determining factors are unavoidable but are redetermined and reinterpreted at individual case -history level. The crisis experienced by someone who is unemployed is regarded as an ana = lyser. It highlights notions of ascendancy, wounded pride and self-freeing
Locret-Le, Bayon Sylvie. "Les femmes françaises et la colonisation : étude de leur présence sociale." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE2024.
Full textAidara, Daha Cherif. "Approche géographique de la santé et du développement au Sénégal : l'exemple de la région de Kédougou." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL007.
Full textSow, El Hadji. "Les enjeux sociaux du discours sur la pauvreté en milieu rural sénégalais : perceptions du phénomène et production de normes à Niakhar et à Bakel." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010530.
Full textGbocho, Antoine Yapo. "Environnement, comportements et santé des enfants en Afrique subsaharienne : cas des maladies diarrhéiques au Sénégal." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010504.
Full textDiagne, Malick. "Les enjeux de l'espace public en Afrique : étude comparée du Bénin et du Sénégal." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070073.
Full textWith the convocation of the negro-African, arabo-Islamic and judeo-christian referents in order to study the stakes of public space in Africa, through the cases of Benin and Senegal, the evolution of African societies appears much more understandable. The fruit of a multisecular interaction between Africa and the rest of the world, the upheavals socio-policies that the continent crosses are a crucial phase of recasting. In a context of certainly difficult democratisation, but in undeniable positive evolution, Benin and Senegal, quoted in example as regards democratic progress in Africa, are the scene of the reconstructing social reference marks. The category of public space, resulting from the rupture of the European societies with the authoritative regimes in the XVIIIth century, as a framework symbolic system where the civil society bears its critical glance on the way the political power controls its destinies, is quite relevant to analyse the evolution of the contemporary societies. Since the beginning of 1990s, most of them try to leave the political monolithism. The stakes of public space in Africa are, consequently, beyond the essential institutional managing frames of the social transformations in progress, in the practical application of new participative forms that direct the social connections towards more freedom and social justice
Lekumberri, Terexa. "Femmes basques et société contemporaine : rupture et continuité : étude menée en Pays Basque intérieur : Baigorri et ses environs." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR21011.
Full textAlthough she has kept, by tradition, a comparative equality of rights within the structure of the "etexe" (home), the rural basque woman, in her masked plurality and dialectic, has hardly ever been treated by researchers as a principal theme. Paradoxically irreplaceable and belittled, ignored in her motherhood, divided between her traditional values and those of the surrounding domineering world, she is now searching for her new identity. History, access to a career and to knowledge, the rupture of the family unit, come to gradually define a new space for the woman as a wife, as a sexual being, as a mother. Old fashioned mentalities but also assimilation, isolation and loss of her cultural identity are still obstacles. But they are being overcome thanks to an astonishing reconciliation with the past, sometimes through nationalistic claims and often through day-to-day involvement in favour of an inherited but modernised culture
Briggs, Catherine. "Fighting for women's equality, the federal Women's Bureau, 1945-1967 : an example of early state feminism in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60524.pdf.
Full textMaire, Bernard. "Prévalence de la malnutrition du jeune enfant : du probabiliste au réel." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20313.
Full textBeat-Songué, Paulette. "La femme dans l'agriculture au Cameroun." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL12001.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to describe the conditions of women in rural areas cameroon, who are those women ? What are their responsabilities ? And what problems they face in their work ? Our attention is focused on the regional differences in the status of women, their work, in traditional and modern societies. Our work is partially based on the data collected during afield-work researsh that we conducted in two villages, nlong and fontsa-toula. The natural conditions, the basic activities of the population, and the existing social organisation influence the sexual division of labour, land allocation, and the nature of feminine associations. This socio-cultural web will again influence the peasant activities today, our field data in nlong (eton's country, south central province) and fontsa-toula (bamileke's country western province) will confirm this hypothesis. It is essentially in the field of production, marketing of crops, and use of money, that we reveal the difference of strategies adopted by women in these two villages. It is true that the cultural back-ground of peasant women is adeterminant factor in analysis, nevertheless, we realize that if the problems of peasant women are accentuated because they are women, they joined also these of agricultural development in cameroon, and the rural world in general. Sexe is adiscriminating factor in : land allocation, mangement of domestic production and time use. . . .