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1
Andrade, Thiago Dos Santos, Ricardo Vianna Nunes, Idiana Mara da Silva, Lucas Wachholz, and Vitor Barbosa Fascina. "Performance and physiological parameters in broilers fed different enzyme complexes." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2765. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2765.
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The effects of enzyme supplementation on the performance, yield, and blood profile of broilers fed corn and soybean diets from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 960 male broilers were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and eight replications. Two diets were used: a positive control formulated to meet the birds’ nutritional requirements (Diet 1) and a negative control diet with reduction of 150 kcal.kg-1 of metabolizable energy (Diet 2) and 12% amino acid in the initial phase and 18% during the growing and finishing phases. Further diets were based on the negative control with enzymes: enzyme complex 1, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease; enzyme complex 2, composed of 100 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; enzyme complex 3, composed of 500 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; and enzyme complex 4, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease and 500 g ton-1 beta-mannanase. Enzymatic supplementation did not improve performance during the initial and growing phases due to nutritional imbalance, resulting in the worst weight gain and feed conversion during the finishing phase. Carcass yield, leg yield, abdominal fat, and pancreas were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Triglyceride levels influenced abdominal fat deposition, and the serum levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Enzymatic supplementation was not effective in restoring broiler performance, carcass yield, and cuts, with changes in the serum biochemical profile of the broiler chickens.
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Andrade, Thiago Dos Santos, Ricardo Vianna Nunes, Idiana Mara da Silva, Lucas Wachholz, and Vitor Barbosa Fascina. "Performance and physiological parameters in broilers fed different enzyme complexes." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2765. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2765.
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The effects of enzyme supplementation on the performance, yield, and blood profile of broilers fed corn and soybean diets from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 960 male broilers were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and eight replications. Two diets were used: a positive control formulated to meet the birds’ nutritional requirements (Diet 1) and a negative control diet with reduction of 150 kcal.kg-1 of metabolizable energy (Diet 2) and 12% amino acid in the initial phase and 18% during the growing and finishing phases. Further diets were based on the negative control with enzymes: enzyme complex 1, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease; enzyme complex 2, composed of 100 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; enzyme complex 3, composed of 500 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; and enzyme complex 4, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease and 500 g ton-1 beta-mannanase. Enzymatic supplementation did not improve performance during the initial and growing phases due to nutritional imbalance, resulting in the worst weight gain and feed conversion during the finishing phase. Carcass yield, leg yield, abdominal fat, and pancreas were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Triglyceride levels influenced abdominal fat deposition, and the serum levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Enzymatic supplementation was not effective in restoring broiler performance, carcass yield, and cuts, with changes in the serum biochemical profile of the broiler chickens.
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PAGÉ, F., and C. R. DE KIMPE. "DISSOLUTION DES COMPOSÉS FERRUGINEUX ET ALUMINEUX DES HORIZONS B PODZOLIQUES DE SOLS DU QUÉBEC PAR LE DITHIONITE-CITRATE-BICARBONATE, L'OXALATE, LE PYROPHOSPHATE ET LE TÉTRABORATE." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 69, no. 3 (August 1, 1989): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss89-047.
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Organic matter, Fe and Al were determined in dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (d), oxalate (o), pyrophosphate (p) and tetraborate (t) extracts from Quebec Podzolic B horizons in order to evaluate the ability of these reagents to extract the organo-metallic complexes as well as inorganic oxides and hydroxides, and to verify the appropriateness of soil classification criteria. Dithionite solubilized most of the Fe whereas oxalate extracted most of the Al compounds; the ability of the same reagents to extract Al and Fe, respectively, was directly related to the amount of organo-metallic complexes. Pyrophosphate extracted not only complexes but also inorganic compounds while tetraborate extracted mainly complexes. Organic matter extraction by dithionite, oxalate and tetraborate was enhanced by a high fulvic acid content; it was highest in the Bh and lowest in the Bf horizons. Organic matter, Fe and Al extraction by tetraborate was reduced in the presence of a large Fe-inorganic compounds content. These results indicated that extracting ability of the reagents depends on the nature of the B horizons, except for Fe extraction by dithionite and Al extraction by oxalate. Consequently, Fe and Al extraction by pyrophosphate or tetraborate is not appropriate for classification purposes. Differentiation of Bh horizons from other Podzolic B horizons was possible by using the total organic C to Fed + Alo ratio, because the ratio was > 3 for Bh horizons and < 3 for Bf and Bhf horizons. Key words: Organic matter, iron, aluminum, Podzolic B horizons, extraction reagents
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Younes, Tariq M., Mohammad Alkhedher, Mohamad Al Khawaldeh, Jalal Nawash, and Ibrahim Al-Abbas. "Less computational approach to detect QRS complexes in ECG rhythms." Computer Science and Information Technologies 2, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/csit.v2i3.p113-120.
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Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are normally affected by artifacts that require manual assessment or use of other reference signals. Currently, Cardiographs are used to achieve basic necessary heart rate monitoring in real conditions. This work aims to study and identify main ECG features, QRS complexes, as one of the steps of a comprehensive ECG signal analysis. The proposed algorithm suggested an automatic recognition of QRS complexes in ECG rhythm. This method is designed based on several filter structure composes low pass, difference and summation filters. The filtered signal is fed to an adaptive threshold function to detect QRS complexes. The algorithm was validated and results were checked with experimental data based on sensitivity test.
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WEALE, ROB. "Discovering How Accessible Electroacoustic Music Can Be: the Intention/Reception project." Organised Sound 11, no. 2 (August 2006): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771806001476.
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The Intention/Reception (I/R) project concerns an investigation of the relationship between composer intention and listener response in electroacoustic (E/A) compositions. Phase one of the project focuses on E/A compositions that contain or are perceived to contain real-world sound references (RWE/A). The methodology involves introducing works that are unknown to the listening subjects and then evaluating their listening experience. Through repeated listening and the introduction of the composers' articulation of intent (through a work's title, inspiration, elements that the composer intends to be communicated, eventually elements of the compositional process itself – in short, the ‘dramaturgy’ of the work) listening responses are monitored. The purpose here is to investigate to what extent familiarity contributes to access and appreciation and to what extent intention and reception are meeting in this particular corpus of E/A art music.This paper offers an introduction to the I/R project outlining its background, its context and presenting pertinent points concerning the design and operation of its methodology. Following this, some of the key results discovered thus far, including the first presentation of test data that formed the basis of the conclusions of a recently completed doctoral thesis, will be shared.
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Villa, James P., Greg P. Bertenshaw, John E. Bylander, and Judith S. Bond. "Meprin proteolytic complexes at the cell surface and in extracellular spaces." Biochemical Society Symposia 70 (September 1, 2003): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bss0700053.
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Meprins are metalloproteinases of the astacin family and metzincin superfamily that are composed of evolutionarily related α and ϐ subunits, which exist as homo- and hetero-oligomeric complexes. These complexes are abundant at the brush border membranes of kidney proximal tubule cells and epithelial cells of the intestine, and are also expressed in certain leucocytes and cancer cells. Meprins cleave bioactive peptides such as gastrin, cholecystokinin and parathyroid hormone, cytokines such as osteopontin and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1, as well as proteins such as gelatin, collagen IV, fibronectin and casein. Database predictions and initial data indicate that meprins are also capable of shedding proteins, including itself, from the cell surface. Membrane-bound meprin subunits are composed of dimeric meprin ϐ subunits or tetrameric hetero-oligomeric αϐ complexes of approx. 200-400 kDa, and can be activated at the cell surface; secreted forms of homo-oligomeric meprin α are zymogens that form high-molecular-mass complexes of 1-6 MDa. These are among the largest extracellular proteases identified thus far. The latent (self-associating) homo-oligomeric complexes can move through extracellular spaces in a non-destructive manner, and deliver a concentrated form of the metalloproteinase to sites that have activating proteases, such as sites of inflammation, infection or cancerous growth. Meprins provide examples of novel ways of concentrating proteolytic activity at the cell surface and in the extracellular milieu, which may be critical to proteolytic function.
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Alshareedah, Ibraheem, Mahdi Muhammad Moosa, Muralikrishna Raju, Davit A. Potoyan, and Priya R. Banerjee. "Phase transition of RNA−protein complexes into ordered hollow condensates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 27 (June 22, 2020): 15650–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922365117.
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Liquid−liquid phase separation of multivalent intrinsically disordered protein−RNA complexes is ubiquitous in both natural and biomimetic systems. So far, isotropic liquid droplets are the most commonly observed topology of RNA−protein condensates in experiments and simulations. Here, by systematically studying the phase behavior of RNA−protein complexes across varied mixture compositions, we report a hollow vesicle-like condensate phase of nucleoprotein assemblies that is distinct from RNA−protein droplets. We show that these vesicular condensates are stable at specific mixture compositions and concentration regimes within the phase diagram and are formed through the phase separation of anisotropic protein−RNA complexes. Similar to membranes composed of amphiphilic lipids, these nucleoprotein−RNA vesicular membranes exhibit local ordering, size-dependent permeability, and selective encapsulation capacity without sacrificing their dynamic formation and dissolution in response to physicochemical stimuli. Our findings suggest that protein−RNA complexes can robustly create lipid-free vesicle-like enclosures by phase separation.
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Garcia, M., X. Darzacq, T. Delaveau, L. Jourdren, R. H. Singer, and C. Jacq. "Mitochondria-associated Yeast mRNAs and the Biogenesis of Molecular Complexes." Molecular Biology of the Cell 18, no. 2 (February 2007): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0827.
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The coherence of mitochondrial biogenesis relies on spatiotemporally coordinated associations of 800–1000 proteins mostly encoded in the nuclear genome. We report the development of new quantitative analyses to assess the role of local protein translation in the construction of molecular complexes. We used real-time PCR to determine the cellular location of 112 mRNAs involved in seven mitochondrial complexes. Five typical cases were examined by an improved FISH protocol. The proteins produced in the vicinity of mitochondria (MLR proteins) were, almost exclusively, of prokaryotic origin and are key elements of the core construction of the molecular complexes; the accessory proteins were translated on free cytoplasmic polysomes. These two classes of proteins correspond, at least as far as intermembrane space (IMS) proteins are concerned, to two different import pathways. Import of MLR proteins involves both TOM and TIM23 complexes whereas non-MLR proteins only interact with the TOM complex. Site-specific translation loci, both outside and inside mitochondria, may coordinate the construction of molecular complexes composed of both nuclearly and mitochondrially encoded subunits.
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SINITSINA, NATALIA, IGOR ORSHANSKY, and OLGA SOKOLOVA. "ACTIN-BINDING PROTEINS: HOW TO REVEAL THE CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 06, no. 04 (August 2008): 869–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720008003667.
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Actin is the most abundant protein in eukaryotes. Under physiological conditions, it can polymerize into polarized filaments. At the heart of these processes are actin-binding proteins that stimulate actin assembly. Most of them are composed of multiple domains that perform both regulatory and signaling functions. Many actin-binding proteins, including WASP and formin family proteins, are auto-inhibited through intramolecular interactions that mask the actin-regulating sites of these proteins. The large flexible molecules of formins have so far eluded crystallization, and have been crystallized only partially. The information from the available crystal structures is valuable, but somewhat difficult to interpret without a larger framework on which to pose the actin-binding mechanism. Single-particle electron microscopy and electron tomography could provide such a large framework with the full-length structures of protein complexes. The recent advances in determining the molecular interactions in protein complexes predict that the molecular modeling and molecular dynamics methods could be employed to study conformational changes in molecules.
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Loïodice, Isabelle, Annabelle Alves, Gwénaël Rabut, Megan van Overbeek, Jan Ellenberg, Jean-Baptiste Sibarita, and Valérie Doye. "The Entire Nup107-160 Complex, Including Three New Members, Is Targeted as One Entity to Kinetochores in Mitosis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, no. 7 (July 2004): 3333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-12-0878.
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In eukaryotes, bidirectional transport of macromolecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus occurs through elaborate supramolecular structures embedded in the nuclear envelope, the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). NPCs are composed of multiple copies of ∼30 different proteins termed nucleoporins, of which several can be biochemically isolated as subcomplexes. One such building block of the NPC, termed the Nup107-160 complex in vertebrates, was so far demonstrated to be composed of six different nucleoporins. Here, we identify three WD (Trp-Asp)-repeat nucleoporins as new members of this complex, two of which, Nup37 and Nup43, are specific to higher eukaryotes. The third new member Seh1 is more loosely associated with the Nup107-160 complex biochemically, but its depletion by RNA interference leads to phenotypes similar to knock down of other constituents of this complex. By combining green fluorescent protein-tagged nucleoporins and specific antibodies, we show that all the constituents of this complex, including Nup37, Nup43, Seh1, and Sec13, are targeted to kinetochores from prophase to anaphase of mitosis. Together, our results indicate that the entire Nup107-160 complex, which comprises nearly one-third of the so-far identified nucleoporins, specifically localizes to kinetochores in mitosis.
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Wientjes, Emilie, and Roberta Croce. "The light-harvesting complexes of higher-plant Photosystem I: Lhca1/4 and Lhca2/3 form two red-emitting heterodimers." Biochemical Journal 433, no. 3 (January 14, 2011): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20101538.
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The outer antenna of higher-plant PSI (Photosystem I) is composed of four complexes [Lhc (light-harvesting complex) a1–Lhca4] belonging to the light-harvesting protein family. Difficulties in their purification have so far prevented the determination of their properties and most of the knowledge about Lhcas has been obtained from the study of the in vitro reconstituted antennas. In the present study we were able to purify the native complexes, showing that Lhca2/3 and Lhca1/4 form two functional heterodimers. Both dimers show red-fluorescence emission with maxima around 730 nm, as in the intact PSI complex. This indicates that the dimers are in their native state and that LHCI-680, which was previously assumed to be part of the PSI antenna, does not represent the native state of the system. The data show that the light-harvesting properties of the two dimers are functionally identical, concerning absorption, long-wavelength emission and fluorescence quantum yield, whereas they differ in their high-light response. Implications of the present study for the understanding of the energy transfer process in PSI are discussed. Finally, the comparison of the properties of the native dimers with those of the reconstituted complexes demonstrates that all of the major properties of the Lhcas are reproduced in the in vitro systems.
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SAJEEV, K., and M. SANTOSH. "An unusual high-Mg garnet–spinel orthopyroxenite from southern India: evidence for ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism at high-pressure conditions." Geological Magazine 143, no. 6 (September 28, 2006): 923–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756806002470.
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We report here a garnet–spinel orthopyroxenite in close association with an ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) granulite from the central part of the Madurai Granulite Block in southern India. The garnet–spinel orthopyroxenite is almost entirely composed of orthopyroxene, spinel and rare garnet in a granular texture. Spinels in the rock are characterized by high Mg (XMg = 0.69–0.71) with low Cr and Fe3+, consistent with compositions reported from spinels occurring within xenoliths in kimberlites and high pressure–temperature (P–T) Alpine complexes. The orthopyroxenes have high Al content (Al2O3 up to 4.85 wt%), typical of equilibration under high P–T conditions. The P–T estimates derived for the garnet–spinel orthopyroxenite indicate temperatures of around 1000°C and pressures exceeding 17 kbar. The data indicate that UHT metamorphism in this locality traversed from above 17 kbar to 11 kbar prior to the final stage of isothermal decompression. Our study reports the highest pressures obtained by far, for extreme crustal metamorphism in southern India and elsewhere in Gondwana. The multi-stage decompression observed in the UHT rocks associated with the high P–T garnet–spinel orthopyroxenite could be correlated to extension of the crust and possibly of the lithospheric mantle and/or its delamination, with the asthenospheric mantle as the ultimate heat source, during the final stage of amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent.
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Chomchan, Pritsana, Shi-Fang Li, and Yukio Shirako. "Rice Grassy Stunt Tenuivirus Nonstructural Protein p5 Interacts with Itself To Form Oligomeric Complexes In Vitro and In Vivo." Journal of Virology 77, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.1.769-775.2003.
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ABSTRACT We investigated the interaction of Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus (RGSV) nonstructural protein p5, a protein of 22 kDa encoded on vRNA 5, with all 12 RGSV proteins by using a GAL4 transcription activator-based yeast two-hybrid system. The p5 protein interacted only with itself and not with any other viral protein; the interacting domains were localized within the N-terminal 96 amino acids of p5. The p5-p5 interaction was reproduced in an Sos recruitment-mediated yeast two-hybrid system as well in by far-Western blots. Native p5 protein extracted from RGSV-infected rice tissue was detected in a large complex with a molecular mass of approximately 260 kDa composed of 12 molecules of p5 or a p5 oligomer with an unidentified host factor(s).
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LEUNG, T. L. F., D. B. KEENEY, and R. POULIN. "Cryptic species complexes in manipulative echinostomatid trematodes: when two become six." Parasitology 136, no. 2 (December 18, 2008): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182008005374.
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SUMMARYRecent studies have shown that some digenean trematodes previously identified as single species due to the lack of distinguishing morphological characteristics actually consist of a number of genetically distinct cryptic species. We obtained mitochondrial 16S and nuclear ITS1 sequences for the redial stages of Acanthoparyphium sp. and Curtuteria australis collected from snails and whelks at various locations around Otago Peninsula, New Zealand. These two echinostomes are well-known host manipulators whose impact extends to the entire intertidal community. Using phylogenetic analyses, we found that Acanthoparyphium sp. is actually composed of at least 4 genetically distinct species, and that a cryptic species of Curtuteria occurs in addition to C. australis. Molecular data obtained for metacercariae dissected from cockle second intermediate hosts matched sequences obtained for Acanthoparyphium sp. A and C. australis rediae, respectively, but no other species. The various cryptic species of both Acanthoparyphium and Curtuteria also showed an extremely localized pattern of distribution: some species were either absent or very rare in Otago Harbour, but reached far higher prevalence in nearby sheltered inlets. This small-scale spatial segregation is unexpected as shorebird definitive hosts can disperse trematode eggs across wide geographical areas, which should result in a homogeneous mixing of the species on small geographical scales. Possible explanations for this spatial segregation of the species include sampling artefacts, local adaptation by first intermediate hosts, environmental conditions, and site fidelity of the definitive hosts.
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Wang, Ping, Gilles Ohanessian, and Chrys Wesdemiotis. "Cu(II)-Catalyzed Reactions in Ternary [Cu(AA)(AA – H)]+ Complexes (AA = Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, t-Leu, Phe)." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 15, no. 2 (April 2009): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.987.
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The unimolecular chemistry of [Cu(II)AA(AA – H)]+ complexes, composed of an intact and a deprotonated amino acid (AA) ligand, have been probed in the gas phase by tandem and multistage mass spectrometry in an electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The amino acids examined include Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, t-Leu and Phe. Upon collisionally-activated dissociation (CAD), the [Cu(II)AA(AA – H)]+ complexes undergo decarboxylation with simultaneous reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I); during this process, a radical site is created at the α-carbon of the decarboxylated ligand (H2N1 – •CαH – CβH2 – R; R = side chain substituent). The radical site is able to move along the backbone of the decarboxylated amino acid to form two new radicals (HN1• – CαH2 – CβH2–R and H2N1 – CαH2 – •CβH – R). From the complexes of Gly and t-Leu, only Cα and N1 radicals can be formed. The whole radical ligand can be lost to form [Cu(I)AA]+ from these three isomeric radicals. Alternatively, further radical induced dissociations can take place along the backbone of the decarboxylated amino acid ligand to yield [Cu(II)AA(AA – 2H – CO2)]+, [Cu(I)AA(•NH2)]+, [Cu(I)AA(HN = CαH2)]+, or [Cu(I)AA(H2N – CαH = CβH – R′]+ (R′ = partial side chain substituent). The sodiated copper complexes, [Cu(II)(AA – H + Na)(AA – H)]+, show the same fragmentation patterns as their non-sodiated counterparts; sodium ion is retained on the intact amino acid ligand and is not involved in the CAD pathways. The amino groups of both AA units, the carbonyl group of the intact amino acid, and the deprotonated hydroxyl oxygen coordinate Cu(II) in square-planar fashion. Ab initio calculations indicate that the metal ion facilitates hydrogen atom shuttling between the N1, Cα and Cβ atoms of the decarboxylated amino acid ligand. The dissociations of the decarboxylated radical ions unveil important insight about the so far largely unknown intrinsic chemistry of α-amino acid and peptide radicals, which are implicated as intermediates in numerous pathogenic biological processes.
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Milijaš Jotić, Matej, Anastasija Panevska, Ioan Iacovache, Rok Kostanjšek, Martina Mravinec, Matej Skočaj, Benoît Zuber, et al. "Dissecting Out the Molecular Mechanism of Insecticidal Activity of Ostreolysin A6/Pleurotolysin B Complexes on Western Corn Rootworm." Toxins 13, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070455.
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Ostreolysin A6 (OlyA6) is a protein produced by the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). It binds to membrane sphingomyelin/cholesterol domains, and together with its protein partner, pleurotolysin B (PlyB), it forms 13-meric transmembrane pore complexes. Further, OlyA6 binds 1000 times more strongly to the insect-specific membrane sphingolipid, ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE). In concert with PlyB, OlyA6 has potent and selective insecticidal activity against the western corn rootworm. We analysed the histological alterations of the midgut wall columnar epithelium of western corn rootworm larvae fed with OlyA6/PlyB, which showed vacuolisation of the cell cytoplasm, swelling of the apical cell surface into the gut lumen, and delamination of the basal lamina underlying the epithelium. Additionally, cryo-electron microscopy was used to explore the membrane interactions of the OlyA6/PlyB complex using lipid vesicles composed of artificial lipids containing CPE, and western corn rootworm brush border membrane vesicles. Multimeric transmembrane pores were formed in both vesicle preparations, similar to those described for sphingomyelin/cholesterol membranes. These results strongly suggest that the molecular mechanism of insecticidal action of OlyA6/PlyB arises from specific interactions of OlyA6 with CPE, and the consequent formation of transmembrane pores in the insect midgut.
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Gong, Chenglin, Dongwei Li, Kun Qi, and Hongxiang Xu. "Flow processes and sedimentation in a straight submarine channel on the Qiongdongnan margin, northwestern South China Sea." Journal of Sedimentary Research 90, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1372–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.68.
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ABSTRACT Straight channels are ubiquitous in deep-water settings, yet flow dynamics and sedimentation in them are far from being well understood. Stratigraphy and flow dynamics of a middle to late Miocene straight channel in Qiongdongnan Basin were quantified, in terms of angle of channel-complex-growth trajectories (Tc), stratigraphic mobility number (M), Froude number (Fr), layer-averaged flow velocity (U), flow thickness (h), and water entrainment coefficient (Ew). The documented channels are composed of three channel complexes (CC1 to CC3) all of which are all characterized by symmetrical channel cross sections without levees and by organized vertical channel-stacking patterns (represented by high mean value of Tc = 37.4° and low mean value of M = 0.038). Turbidity currents in them were estimated to have U of 1.6 to 2.0 m/s (averaging 1.8 m/s), h of 63 to 89 m (averaging 78), Fr of 0.849 to 0.999 (averaging 0.912), and Ew of 0.0003 to 0.0005. They were, in most case, subcritical over most of the channel length, and had a low degree of water entrainment and low flow height scaled to the channel depth (i.e., 0.786 to 0.81 of the channel depth), most likely inhibiting the gradual loss of sediment to form levees. With reference to modeling results of secondary flow velocity vectors of numerical straight channels with the same sinuosity, two parallel gullies seen on both sides of the interpreted channel beds are interpreted to be induced by high-velocity downward backflows produced by the negative buoyancy. Such symmetrical secondary flow structures most likely promoted symmetrical intrachannel deposition (i.e., less deposition along both channel margins but more deposition near the channel center), and thus forced individual channel complexes to progressively aggrade in a synchronous manner, forming straight-channel complexes with symmetrical channel cross sections and organized vertical channel-stacking patterns.
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Zaviska, François, Patrick Drogui, Guy Mercier, and Jean-François Blais. "Procédés d’oxydation avancée dans le traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels: Application à la dégradation des polluants réfractaires." Revue des sciences de l'eau 22, no. 4 (October 22, 2009): 535–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038330ar.
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Résumé Cette synthèse traite des procédés d’oxydation avancée (POA) pour le traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels. Ces procédés mettent pour la plupart en combinaison deux ou trois réactifs (oxydants) afin de produire des radicaux hydroxyles. Les radicaux libres sont des espèces hautement actives capables de réagir rapidement et de manière non sélective sur la plupart des composés organiques, réputés difficilement oxydables par voie biologique ou par des traitements chimiques conventionnels. Les POA peuvent être subdivisés en quatre groupes : les procédés d’oxydation chimique en phase homogène (H2O2/Fe2+ et H2O2/O3), les procédés photocatalytiques en phase homogène et/ou hétérogène (H2O2/UV, O3/UV et Fe2+/H2O2/UV; TiO2/UV), les procédés d’oxydation sonochimique et les procédés d’oxydation électrochimique. Le couplage H2O2/Fe2+ représente le système d’oxydation avancée le plus connu et le moins complexe, lequel est souvent employé dans le traitement des effluents industriels. Cependant, dans le domaine de la potabilisation des eaux, le système le plus utilisé et le plus éprouvé est le couplage H2O2/O3 couramment employé pour l’élimination des composés phytosanitaires (pesticides). Les procédés d’oxydation électrochimiques, photocatalytiques et sonochimiques sont des technologies qui nécessitent en général moins de réactif et sont faciles d’automatisation par comparaison aux autres POA. Ces procédés sont présentement en pleine expansion dans le domaine des technologies environnementales, ceci afin d’améliorer les systèmes existants de traitement des eaux usées municipales et industrielles, ou à remplacer les technologies conventionnelles peu efficaces pour l’enlèvement de contaminants organiques réfractaires, inorganiques et microbiens. De nombreuses études réalisées à l’échelle laboratoire ont clairement prouvé l’efficacité des POA pour le traitement de divers effluents. Cependant, le développement de ces procédés dans les filières de traitement des eaux reste encore limité en raison des coûts d’investissement et des coûts opératoires associés. Des solutions et stratégies sont proposées dans ce document, telles que le développement de procédés hybrides et leur couplage avec des traitements biologiques conventionnels, et ce, afin de pallier certaines contraintes spécifiques des POA et faciliter ainsi leur insertion dans les filières de traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels. Ce document a pour objectif de faire une synthèse des différents POA, d’en expliquer leur principe de fonctionnement, de déterminer les différents paramètres les gouvernant, ainsi que leurs applications dans le traitement des eaux et des effluents.
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Brand, PhD, Michael W., Brandt Wiskur, PhD, MSW, and Julio I. Rojas, PhD. "Assessing fear of COVID-19 at an academic medical center." Journal of Emergency Management 18, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0532.
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Purpose: This study measured the degree of COVID-19-related fear among academic medical center employees, identified subsections with high COVID-19 fear, and validated the Fear of COVID-19 Scale with medical professionals in the United States. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional, inter-net-based survey delivered by Qualtrics. The survey was conducted at the Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center between May 21 and June 18, 2020. The medical center is composed of seven health-care colleges, child and adult hospitals, a Veterans Hospital, and outpatient services clinics across the Oklahoma City area. Faculty, staff, and students (N = 1,761) from the Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center completed the survey. Results: COVID-19 fear is highest among non-clinical employees, smokers, and those with pre-existing conditions. Males and females, both clinicians and non-clinicians, appear to express their COVID-19 fears differently. Employees worried most about their families contracting the virus. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale is a valid and reliable assessment instrument among US healthcare workers. Responses were compared based on pre-existing medical condition(s), patient care or nonpatient care, sex, and occupational specialization. Analyses reveal a strong Cronbach’s α measure of internal consistency (α = 0.87). Significant differences were observed among employees with a nonclinical emphasis (p = 0.02), with a predisposing medical health condition (p 0.001), and with a nonacademic occupational specialization (p 0.01), and by sex (p 0.001). Conclusions and discussion: COVID-19 fear significantly impacts academic medical center employ-ees. Medical centers should address both healthcare and nonhealthcare workers’ COVID-19-related fears. It is important to recognize that men and women may have different types of fears and express them differently, necessitating a gender-specific approach to man-aging COVID-19 fears. Employees with pre-existing conditions or who have vulnerable family members require additional support to remain fully functional and on the job.
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Piña-Gónzalez, Laura, Juan Miranda-Ríos, Rogelio Alejandro Alonso-Morales, Otoniel Maya, Luis Corona, and Claudia Cecilia Márquez-Mota. "PSXIV-15 Metagenomic sequencing of rumen microorganisms of cattle fed a corn stover-based diet." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.873.
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Abstract Worldwide, there is a need to discover new microorganisms that efficiently degrade lignocellulosic complexes that would help to improve the digestibility of low-quality agricultural byproducts. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a corn stover-based diet (CSD) on rumen bacteria. Ruminal fluid of 6 Holstein cows (595 ± 96 kg) was collected during two periods. During first period, animals were consuming a diet based on corn silage and oat hay (DB), mineral premix and water ad libitum (50:50, DM). In second period, animals were provided a CSD (100% DM), mineral premix and water ad libitum for 45 days. Ruminal fluid was collected through esophageal tube, filtered and stored at -80°C until DNA extraction. Rumen microorganisms were identified by sequencing the 16SrRNA gene using the Illumina Miseq platform and primers for V3 and V4 regions. Data were analyzed by QIIME 1.9. Analysis of variance was performed for a completely randomized design using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.1. The taxonomic affiliation showed that both populations were mainly composed of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. The most abundant bacteria species in both diets were Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Prevotella copri, Prevotella ruminicola, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Bacillus coagulans, Bacteroides uniformis and Selenomonas ruminantium. Feeding a CSD, increased the relative abundance of Prevotella ruminicola (from 6.1 to 20.9%, P < 0.01), Streptococcus luteciae (from 0.05 to 0.78%, P < 0.01), Clostridium aminophilum (0.45 to 3.1%, P < 0.01), Selenomonas ruminantium (5.2 to 21.8%, P < 0.02) and Pantoea agglomerans (0.7 to 3.9%, P < 0.01) and decreased Propionibacterium acnes (0.7 to 0.1%, P < 0.02) and Bacteroides ovatus (0.9 to 0.1%, P < 0.01). Feeding cattle with a diet with a more lignified forage like CSD led to the proliferation of bacteria such as Prevotella ruminicula, Streptococcus luteciae, Clostridium aminophilum, Selenomonas ruminantium and Pantoea agglomerans.
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Petrinec, Amy B., Mary Lind Crowe, Sr Kathleen Flanagan, and Janet Baker. "Health-related Quality of Life of Older Women Religious: Negative Influence of Frailty." Western Journal of Nursing Research 42, no. 12 (June 21, 2020): 1088–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945920936171.
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The purpose of the current study was to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of older women religious (WR) and examine variables that may influence HRQOL. The sample consisted of WR, 65 years or older, living in the Cleveland Catholic Diocese. The participants completed a medical history, body-mass index (BMI) and blood pressure measurement, and self-report measures of HRQOL, frailty, social support, resilience, and depression. The study sample was composed of 108 older WR with a mean age of 75.6 (range 65–93 years). The women reported high levels of daily functioning, resilience, and social support, with low levels of depression. WR describe a relatively high level of HRQOL. Frailty was an independent negative predictor of HRQOL in all subscales except general health. Resilience and fear of falling had significant effects on several HRQOL subscales.
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Lee, Seon Yong, YoungJae Kim, Bongsu Chang, and Young Jae Lee. "Enhanced Arsenic (III and V) Removal in Anoxic Environments by Hierarchically Structured Citrate/FeCO3 Nanocomposites." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2020): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091773.
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Novel citrate/FeCO3 nanocomposites (CF-NCs) were synthesized for effective arsenic (III and V) sorption with constant addition of Fe2+ into HCO3− solution in the presence of citrate. This paper is the first report on the formation of CF-NCs, and in this study we investigate the mechanisms of arsenic uptake by the sorbent under anoxic conditions through various solid- and liquid-phase spectroscopic methods, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In CF-NCs, citrate was found to be incorporated into the structure of siderite (up to 17.94%) through (Fe2+citrate)− complexes. The crystal morphology of rhombohedral siderite was changed into hierarchically nanostructured spherical aggregates composed of several sheet-like crystals, which improved the surface reactivity in the presence of sufficient citrate. Compared to pure siderite (15.2%), enhanced removal of As(III) in the range of 19.3% to 88.2% was observed, depending on the amount of incorporated citrate. The maximum sorption capacities of CF-NCs for As(III) and As(V) were 188.97 and 290.22 mg/g, respectively, which are much higher than those of previously reported siderite-based adsorbents. It was found that arsenic (III and V) sorption on CF-NCs occurred via bidentate corner-sharing surface complexation, predominantly without changes in the arsenic oxidation states. These results suggest that arsenic (III and V) can be attenuated by siderite in anoxic environments, and this attenuation can be even more effective when siderite is modified by incorporation of organic compounds such as citrate.
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Ridgeon, Lloyd. "Short Back and Sides." Journal of Sufi Studies 6, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 82–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105956-12341296.
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Qalandars have often been depicted in negative terms in medieval and pre-modern literature by Sufis themselves, clerics and historians. Treatises composed by Qalandars are rare, thus the possibility of producing a balanced survey of their form of Sufism and contribution to the socio-political and religious climate of any given period is difficult. One such text, the “Sulīmān Qalandar Nāma”, however, completed in 1668, offers an intriguing perspective of Qalandars in late Safavid Iran. An analysis of this text, along with a focus on the dynamics of late Safavid religion and politics suggests that far from being antinomian and otherworldly Sufis, these Qalandars were supportive of the Shīʿa Safavid dynasty. The text offers an interesting marriage between traditional Qalandar themes and those inspired by Shīʿa Islam, and it testifies to the continuing importance of the Qalandars, providing evidence for the cultural continuity of this form of Sufism in the region.
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Miszura, Alexandre A., Daniel M. Polizel, José P. R. Barroso, André S. Martins, Gabriela B. Oliveira, Arnaldo C. Limede, Lairana A. Sardinha, Francisco M. Neto, Rodrigo S. Marques, and Alexandre Vaz Pires. "PSXII-33 Effects of feed additives on performance of yearling bulls fed high forage diet." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.843.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three additives (narasin, lasalocid, and virginiamycin) on the performance of bulls fed a high-forage diet. One hundred and sixty Nellore (Bos indicus) yearling bulls were assigned to a randomized completed block design, according to initial BW (212.5 kg ± 3.1; 10 pen/treatment; 4 animals/pen). Yearling bulls were fed daily and diets were composed of 96% of coastcross haylage (12% CP) and 4% of concentrate, used as the delivery vehicle for the additives. Once a day, the concentrate and forage were offered separately. The forage was offered after the entire consumption of the concentrate. The experimental diets consisted of CON: Control (no additives); NAR: 13 ppm of narasin; LAS: 20 ppm of lasalocid; and VIR: 20 ppm of virginiamycin. The experimental period lasted 140 d and the yearling bulls were individually weighed at d 0, 28, 56, 84, 112 e 140 after 14h of feed and water restriction. The orts were recorded to determine the DMI. Data were analyzed as repeated measures over time using the MIXED procedure of SAS and the LSMEANS option was used to generate individual means. There was a treatment effect on DMI (CON: 5.26b: NAR: 5.69a; LAS: 5.16b; VIR: 5.11b kg/d; SEM = 0.14; P = 0.03), ADG (CON: 0.451b; NAR: 0.557a: LAS: 0.498ab; VIR:0.459b kg; SEM = 0.03; P = 0.04), FE (0.080c, 0.095a, 0.092ab and 0.085bc; SEM = 0.0044; P = 0.05) and final BW (CON: 273.9b; NAR: 287.8a; LAS: 277.1b; VIR: 275.7b kg SEM = 3.4; P = 0.03). In conclusion, the inclusion of 13 ppm of narasin improves the performance of yearling bulls fed high-forage diets.
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Phipps, Barry M., Angelika Alber, Karl O. Stetter, Friedrich Lottspeich, and Wolfgang Baumeister. "An Unusual Large Protein Complex With Eight-Fold Symmetry is a Major Cellular Component of Thermophilic Archaebacteria." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100180185.
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Thermophilic archaebacteria produce several large cytoplasmic protein complexes which can be subdivided into recognizable types on the basis of their appearance in the electron microscope. One example is the multicatalytic proteinase (MCP) of Thermoplasma acidophilum, which is related to the mammalian MCP. We have been studying a large ring-shaped protein complex with striking 8-fold symmetry which we have so far identified in two species of Pyrodictium and in Thermoplasma acidophilum (Figs. 1,2). A similar complex appears to exist in Sulfolobus and Archaeoglobus. All of these organisms are thermophilic archaebacteria, with growth temperature optima ranging from 60°C to 105°C, but they nevertheless span a large phylogenetic distance. In Pyrodictium and Thermoplasma the complex constitutes a major fraction of the total cellular protein. Negatively-stained complexes from Pyrodictium brockii adopt 2 different orientations with respect to the carbon film, producing 2 distinct views which we designate “end-on” (ring-shaped) and “side-on” (striated) (Figs. 1, 2). The complexes exhibit some tendency to associate in short chains, especially when in the side-on orientation. The structure was examined by separately selecting end-on and side-on views and subjecting them to single particle averaging via correlation methods using the EM and Semper programme systems. An average of end-on views, shown in Figure 3, reveals 8 well-defined uniformly spaced centres of mass arranged in a ring around a central stain-filled hole. Side-on views were less frequently found and rather more variable in appearance. However a satisfactory average was obtained with particles extracted from several micrographs (Fig. 4). The complex in this orientation has 2-fold rotational symmetry around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the image and passing through the centre of the complex. While the upper and lower halves of the image appear to be mirror symmetric, this cannot be the case for chiral protein molecules. The upper and lower halves each consist of 2 strong masses in the centre and 2 weak masses peripherally. We interpret these observations in terms of a complex composed of 2 stacked disks each comprising 8 roughly ellipsoidal subunits arrayed around a central channel, as shown in Fig, 5. The overall shape of the complex is that of a cylinder 16 nm in diameter and 15.5 nm in height.The complex was purified from membrane-free French press lysates of Pyrodictium occultum cells by DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, resolution of the eluted protein on sucrose-glycerol and glycerol gradients, and chromatography on a Mono-S column. The purified complex produces 2 bands of approximately equal staining intensity at Mr ca. 60,000 in SDS-PAGE. Based on the dimensions of the particle derived from the above averages, one can estimate the molecular mass to be in the range of 1.1-2.0 × 106. A complex composed of 16 subunits of mass 60,000 would have an Mr of 1.0 × 106, suggesting that the subunits visualized in the model could be monomers or dimers of these polypeptides. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of an internal tryptic peptide from one of the polypeptides is: (asp)-(val)-glu-asn-ala-tyr-ile-val-leu-leu-asp-ala-pro-leu-glu-val-glu-lys. It bears no homology to known protein sequences. The purified complex has a moderate ATPase activity at 85°C in the presence of Mg2+. We have not yet been able to assign a function to the complex, but we note that groE and hsp60, the E. coli and mitochondrial chaperonins which appear to catalyze correct protein folding during heat stress and protein assembly and secretion, are both large ring-shaped complexes possessing ATPase activity and are composed of polypeptides of Mr 60.000. Although the symmetry of the archaebacterial complexes is different (groE and hsp70 have 7-fold symmetry), we speculate that they might serve a constitutive chaperonin function in thermophilic archaebacteria. Current studies are aimed at determining the 3D structure of the complex from Pyrodictium, assaying it for chaperonin-like activity, and analysing the sequences of proteolytic peptide fragments to ascertain if homology exists with chaperonins or other known proteins.
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Hymes, K., M. Nardi, A. Leaf, and S. Karpatkin. "Role of leuCAM integrins and complement in platelet-monocyte rosette formation induced by immune complexes of human immunodeficiency virus- type 1-immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients." Blood 81, no. 9 (May 1, 1993): 2375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v81.9.2375.2375.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Patients with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1-immune thrombocytopenic purpura (HIV-1-ITP) have elevated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-precipitable immune complexes (ICs) composed of IgG, IgM, and complement that are threefold to sevenfold higher than in healthy control subjects. These complexes contain anti-F (ab')2 as well as anti- idiotype antibodies versus anti-HIV-1gp120. Because anti-F (ab')2 and anti-idiotype antibodies correlate with thrombocytopenia (r = .83 [J Clin Invest 77:1756, 1986] and r = .90 [J Clin Invest 89:356, 1992], respectively) we studied the binding of ICs to platelets and monocytes as well as their role in platelet-monocyte rosette formation. ICs bind to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner (optimum at 10 micrograms/mL; 0.5% of serum conc). Binding to platelets could not be inhibited with platelet saturating concentrations of aggregated IgG or with monoclonal antibody (MoAb) IV.3 versus FcR gamma II. Platelet binding could be inhibited with Fab anti-C3, anti-Clq, or anti-C4 by 57%, 40%, and 46% respectively, not with control Fab (P < .001). Monocytes from HIV-1-ITP patients form rosettes with normal platelets 16.8 +/- 5.2 rosettes/100 monocytes compared with 4.8 +/- 0.8 control monocytes plus normal platelets (P = .009). Gel-washed HIV-1-ITP platelets formed 19 +/- 2.0 rosettes with U937 cells compared to 6.3 +/- 1.0 for normal platelets (P = 0.001). Arming of U937 cells with HIV-1- ITP ICs (5 micrograms/mL) formed 36.7 +/- 2.5 rosettes compared with 10.6 +/- 1.2 for control ICs (P < .01). Rosetting of armed U937 cells could be inhibited with MoAbs versus the alpha chains of CD11a (LFA-1), 11b (Mac-1), or 11c (p150,95) by 67%, 70%, and 61%, respectively (P < .007), whereas binding of ICs to U937 cells was unaffected. Isotype- matched control as well as MoAbs versus antigens on U937 cells (CD13, CD33) or the anti-FcR gamma II receptor had no effect. However, Fab fragments of polyclonal anti-C3 inhibited rosette formation by 78% (P < .01); control Fab had no effect. Thus, platelet-monocyte rosette formation is not Fc dependent. It is complement receptor dependent and requires the cooperation of all three leuCAM integrins.
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Hymes, K., M. Nardi, A. Leaf, and S. Karpatkin. "Role of leuCAM integrins and complement in platelet-monocyte rosette formation induced by immune complexes of human immunodeficiency virus- type 1-immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients." Blood 81, no. 9 (May 1, 1993): 2375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v81.9.2375.bloodjournal8192375.
Full textAbstract:
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1-immune thrombocytopenic purpura (HIV-1-ITP) have elevated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-precipitable immune complexes (ICs) composed of IgG, IgM, and complement that are threefold to sevenfold higher than in healthy control subjects. These complexes contain anti-F (ab')2 as well as anti- idiotype antibodies versus anti-HIV-1gp120. Because anti-F (ab')2 and anti-idiotype antibodies correlate with thrombocytopenia (r = .83 [J Clin Invest 77:1756, 1986] and r = .90 [J Clin Invest 89:356, 1992], respectively) we studied the binding of ICs to platelets and monocytes as well as their role in platelet-monocyte rosette formation. ICs bind to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner (optimum at 10 micrograms/mL; 0.5% of serum conc). Binding to platelets could not be inhibited with platelet saturating concentrations of aggregated IgG or with monoclonal antibody (MoAb) IV.3 versus FcR gamma II. Platelet binding could be inhibited with Fab anti-C3, anti-Clq, or anti-C4 by 57%, 40%, and 46% respectively, not with control Fab (P < .001). Monocytes from HIV-1-ITP patients form rosettes with normal platelets 16.8 +/- 5.2 rosettes/100 monocytes compared with 4.8 +/- 0.8 control monocytes plus normal platelets (P = .009). Gel-washed HIV-1-ITP platelets formed 19 +/- 2.0 rosettes with U937 cells compared to 6.3 +/- 1.0 for normal platelets (P = 0.001). Arming of U937 cells with HIV-1- ITP ICs (5 micrograms/mL) formed 36.7 +/- 2.5 rosettes compared with 10.6 +/- 1.2 for control ICs (P < .01). Rosetting of armed U937 cells could be inhibited with MoAbs versus the alpha chains of CD11a (LFA-1), 11b (Mac-1), or 11c (p150,95) by 67%, 70%, and 61%, respectively (P < .007), whereas binding of ICs to U937 cells was unaffected. Isotype- matched control as well as MoAbs versus antigens on U937 cells (CD13, CD33) or the anti-FcR gamma II receptor had no effect. However, Fab fragments of polyclonal anti-C3 inhibited rosette formation by 78% (P < .01); control Fab had no effect. Thus, platelet-monocyte rosette formation is not Fc dependent. It is complement receptor dependent and requires the cooperation of all three leuCAM integrins.
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Frazier, Patricia H., and Deborah Foss-Goodman. "Death Anxiety and Personality: Are they Truly Related?" OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 19, no. 3 (November 1989): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/141t-q32f-lppd-ey3w.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate a multidimensional conceptualization of death, as opposed to the traditional unidimensional approach, by utilizing a randomly-ordered questionnaire composed of selected personality variables and two measures of death anxiety (Templer's 1970 Death Anxiety Scale and Sarnoff and Corwin's 1959 Fear of Death Scale). Personality variables measured were extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, Type AB behaviors, and major life stressors. The questionnaire was completed by 161 undergraduates attending a Southwestern college. Results of Pearson correlation analyses demonstrated that both death anxiety scales were significantly related to neuroticism and to Type A behavior patterns, such that high death anxiety was correlated with greater emotionality and more aggressiveness. Correlational measures with extraversion and life stressors did not reach significance. Stepwise multiple regression analyses indicated that neuroticism, Type A behaviors, extraversion, and anticipated life stressors accounted for a significant amount of variability in death anxiety. Suggestions made for future researchers include measuring different populations and further developing a multidimensional conceptualization of death.
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Arepally, Gowthami M., Rui Qi, John Hollingsworth, and Shayela Suvarna. "Determinants of PF4/Heparin Immunogenicity in a Murine Model of HIT." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.96.96.
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Abstract Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening immune-mediated reaction caused by platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes. In recent in vitro studies, we have shown that human and monoclonal HIT antibodies recognize and optimally bind to ultra-large complexes (ULC; MW>670kDa) formed at equimolar ratios of PF4 and heparin. We undertook the following studies to determine if the in vivo immunogenicity of PF4/heparin complexes showed similar requirements for stoichiometric molar ratios of PF4:heparin (PHR). Using a previously described murine immunization model, mice were immunized with antigen by retro-orbital injection daily for 5 days without adjuvant. Blood was collected at baseline and at weekly intervals for 4–6 weeks. Plasma was tested for antibody development by a murine PF4/heparin (mP+H) ELISA. To determine the effects of PHR on mP+H antibody production in vivo, PF4 was mixed with unfractionated heparin (UFH) at molar ratios of 2:1, 1:1 or 1:2 and injected into mice (n=5/cohort). Antibody levels (mean A450nm ± SD) of mice injected with PHR 2:1 (0.79 ± 0.77) were higher than mice injected with PHR 1:1 (0.23± 0. 2), or PHR 1:2 (0.09 ± 0.02, p<0.05 for PHR 2:1 v. PHR 1:2). Because in vitro studies showed that UFH was far more capable of generating ULCs when mixed with PF4 than low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or fondaparinux, mice (n=5/cohort) were injected with buffer, or mPF4 mixed with UFH, or enoxaparin (a LMWH) or the pentasaccharide, fondaparinux at doses that are therapeutically equivalent to doses given to humans. Antibody levels (mean A450nm ± SD) were significantly higher in mice injected with UFH (3.340 + 0.15) than in mice injected with buffer (0.0451 ± 0.013, p<0.001 for buffer v UFH), LMWH (0.8526 ± 0.44, p<0.001 for LMWH v UFH) or the pentasaccharide (0.80 ± 0.0.7, p<0.001 for pentasaccharide v UFH). Because PF4/heparin ULCs are composed of repeating structural antigenic units, we next investigated the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize repeating structural determinants on microbes and foreign antigens. To determine if mP+H complexes engage TLRs, we injected mP+H into wild-type (WT, n=5) or mice deficient in MyD88 (n=7), an adaptor molecule critical for intracellular signaling by most TLRs. Antibody levels (mean A450nm ± SD) did not significantly differ between WT (1.5 ± 0.6) and MyD88 null mice (0.9 ± 0.5). In summary, these studies indicate that in vivo antibody responses to mP+H complexes are critically dependent on stoichiometric ratios favoring ULC formation and that immune activation by PF4/heparin is independent of MyD88 signaling pathways.
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Ганенко, Н. С., and Т. А. Зайцева. "On the History of the Creation of Works by Sergei Taneyev for the Magazine “Zakholustye”." Музыкальная академия, no. 3(767) (September 20, 2019): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34690/06.
Full textAbstract:
В статье впервые рассмотрена история создания произведений С. И. Танеева, написанных специально для любительского журнала «Захолустье» (1876-1889). Из 46 представленных нами миниатюр разных жанров десять завершенных и одно неоконченное сочинение до сих пор не опубликованы. Большинство юмористических произведений написано «по случаю»: приведены некоторые факты из жизни композитора и его друзей Масловых - участников журнала. Подчеркнута приверженность Танеева к выбору определенных стихов Козьмы Пруткова, Пушкина, Фета, Тютчева и других. В некоторых произведениях композитор предстает автором не только музыки, но и поэтического текста. Составлена хронологическая таблица сочинений для журнала «Захолустье», в которой указаны даты создания миниатюр, их первого издания, место хранения рукописей, авторские ремарки, уточняющие принадлежность произведения к журналу. The article is the first study of the history of the creation of works by S.I.Taneyev written for the magazine Zakholustye (18761889). Ten completed and one unfinished work from the 46 miniatures of different genres presented by us have not been published so far. The most humorous works were written on occasion: some facts from the life of the composer and his friends Maslovs, participants of the magazine, are given. Taneyevs commitment to the choice of certain verses by Kozma Prutkov, Pushkin, Fet, Tyutchev is underlined. In some works, the composer appears as the author not only of music, but also of poetic text. A chronological table of works for the magazine Zakholustye indicates the dates of creation and first edition, the place of storage of the manuscripts, authors remarks specifying the works affiliation to the magazine.
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Huang, Yuan, Zhenyu Fan, Bing He, Song Tang, and Weifeng Du. "Depositional model and controlling factors of oolithic shoal: A case study of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the northwestern Sichuan Basin, China." Interpretation 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): T127—T139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2017-0185.1.
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Lower Triassic Feixianguan oolithic shoal complexes are widely developed in the northwestern Sichuan Basin, southwest China, where they host large natural gas reserves. To understand their development and the factors that controlled their deposition, we have used observations and interpretations of outcrops, cores, thin sections, well-log data, and seismic data to characterize the geologic and geophysical properties of the oolithic shoals of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Jiange area, northwestern Sichuan Basin. The oolithic shoals of the Feixianguan Formation are composed of locally dolomitized oolithic grainstones or packstones deposited in a semirestricted platform environment. With a thickness of more than 50 m, oolithic shoals mainly occur in the Fei 2 Member within the southeastern Jiange area. The results indicate that the shoals mainly lie above tectonic uplifts (caused by the northwest-trending basement-involved faults) and surrounding microtopographic highs. Furthermore, the prograding clinoforms and changes in accommodation space caused by sea-level fall influence the thickness of oolithic shoal deposits, and constrain their development in highstand systems tracts, resulting in their migration coinciding with the trend of clinoform progradation. We concluded that the development of oolithic shoals in the Jiange area may be controlled by two major factors: (1) the influence of paleotopography governed by the syndepositional faults on the accumulation of oolithic shoals and (2) the role of sea-level change in the migration of oolithic shoals.
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Lee, Young Chul, Jin Mo Park, Soyoung Min, Sang Jun Han, and Young-Joon Kim. "An Activator Binding Module of Yeast RNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 2967–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.4.2967.
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ABSTRACT The Mediator complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for both general and regulated transcription of RNA polymerase II (PolII) and is composed of two stable subcomplexes (Srb4 and Rgr1 subcomplexes). To decipher the function of each Mediator subcomplex and to delineate the functional relationship between the subcomplexes, we characterized the compositions and biochemical activities of PolII-Mediator complexes (holoenzymes) prepared from several Mediator mutant strains of S. cerevisiae. We found that holoenzymes devoid of a functional Gal11 module were defective for activated but not basal transcription in a reconstituted in vitro system. This activation-specific defect was correlated with a crippled physical interaction to transcriptional activator proteins, which could be bypassed by artificial recruitment of a mutant holoenzyme to a promoter. Consistent with this observation, a direct interaction between Gal11 and gene-specific transcriptional activator proteins was detected by far-Western analyses and column binding assays. In contrast, the srb5 deletion mutant holoenzyme was defective for both basal and activated transcription, despite its capacity for activator binding that is comparable to that of the wild-type holoenzyme. These results demonstrate that the Gal11 module of the Rgr1 subcomplex is required for the efficient recruitment of PolII holoenzyme to a promoter via activator-specific interactions, while the Srb4 subcomplex functions in the modulation of general polymerase activity.
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Pisani, Francesco, Carlo Ludovico Maini, Rosa Sciuto, Laura Dessanti, Antonio Spadea, Andrea Mengarelli, Mariella D’Andrea, Sandra Rea, Luisa Romano, and Maria Concetta Petti. "Efficacy and Safety of FCR (Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, Rituximab) Followed by Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan in Relapsed Follicular Lymphoma (FL) Patients." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 5003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.5003.5003.
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Abstract Background: FCR regimen has provided encouraging results in FL and Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan (90Y-RIT) has been reported to be effective in patients with relapsed or refractory FL. Our study investigates the efficacy and safety of 90Y-RIT consolidation in relapsed FL patients, responding to second-line with FCR. Methods: At date reporting for this abstract we have recruited 10 patients median age 63 yrs (range 46–77). All enrolled patients were relapsed patients with histologically confirmed CD20-positive (grade 1 or 2) FL according to WHO classification. Major inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 18 years, WHO performance status of 0, 1 or 2, no prior therapy with Rituximab for 3 months and at the completion of FCR, patients achieving at least PR, with < 25% bone marrow involvement, with neutrophil count ≥ 1500/microlitre and platelet count ≥ 100000/microlitre. All patients at relapse received every 28 days FCR: F (25mg/m2×3 days), C (1gr/m2day1) and R (375mg/m2day4) for 4 cycles. Patients were restaged 4 to 8 weeks after the last course of FCR; who achieved at least a partial remission was eligible for Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan 11.1 or 14.8 MBq/Kg (0.3–0.4 mCi/Kg) up to a maximum dose 1184 MBq at 3 months after the completion of FCR. The patients were restaged with total body CT scan, FDG-PET/CT and bilateral bone marrow biopsy at 4 to 8 weeks after the last cycle of FCR. A complete blood cell count was obtained once a week for 12 weeks after 90Y-RIT treatment. A history and physical examination were performed together with renal and liver function once a months for 3 months after 90Y-RIT. All patients received prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazolo and valacyclovir from initiation of therapy until 3 ≥ months following therapy with 90Y-RIT. Results: Between August 2005 and March 2008 nine patients have completed the treatment: FCR followed by 90Y-RIT (6 patients at 0.4 mCi/Kg, 3 patients at 0.3 mCi/Kg) and one patient is under treatment. All 10 patients were relapsed patients: 6 patients received 1 or 2 prior therapy regimens and 4 patients had received 3 to 5 regimens. Eight of them were previously treated with Rituximab plus chemotherapy, 2 patients had no previous Rituximab treatment history, one also had ABMT. After FCR 6 patients obtained CR and 3 PR; after 90Y-RIT treatment the ORR was 100% and CCR was 100% with median follow up of 13 months (range 5–26) and all patients are alive in CR; 3 patients in PR after FCR regimen converted to CR by 90Y-RIT. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were hematologic: grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 10/10 patients treated with FCR and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 9/9 patients assessable after 90Y-RIT. Following treatment with 90Y-RIT the median neutrophil nadir was 0.5 × 109/L (range 0.3 – 1.09 ×109/L) at week 5; the median platelet count nadir was 40 × 109/L ( range 12–81 × 109/L ) at week 6. One patient developed herpes zoster infection after 8 months following valacyclovir discontinuation; another patient developed fungus infection. No other severe infection have been recorded, no nonhematologic adverse event have been registered so far. Conclusion: Our experience indicate feasibility, tolerability and efficacy of FCR regimen followed by 90Y-RIT in patients relapsed with FL. Hematologic toxicity occurring with FCR or with radio-immunotherapy are clinically controllable and acceptable in the population composed mainly of patients with a history of prior treatment using rituximab plus chemotherapy. A longer follow up and a larger number of patients with relapsed FL are required to determine the impact of this regimen on long-term duration of response and EFS.
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Zhan, Heqing, Zefeng Wang, Jialun Lin, Yuanbo Yu, and Ling Xia. "Optogenetic actuation in ChR2-transduced fibroblasts alter excitation-contraction coupling and mechano-electric feedback in coupled cardiomyocytes: a computational modeling study." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 18, no. 6 (2021): 8354–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2021414.
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<abstract> <p>With the help of the conventional electrical method and the growing optogenetic technology, cardiac fibroblasts (Fbs) have been verified to couple electrically with working myocytes and bring electrophysiological remodeling changes in them. The intrinsic properties of cardiac functional autoregulation represented by excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and mechano-electric feedback (MEF) have also been extensively studied. However, the roles of optogenetic stimulation on the characteristics of ECC and MEF in cardiomyocytes (CMs) coupled with Fbs have been barely investigated. In this study, we proposed a combined model composed of three modules to explore these influences. Simulation results showed that (1) during ECC, an increased light duration (LD) strengthened the inflow of ChR2 current and prolonged action potential duration (APD), and extended durations of twitch and internal sarcomere deformation through the decreased dissociation of calcium with troponin C (CaTnC) complexes and the prolonged duration of Xb attachment-detachment; (2) during MEF, an increased LD was followed by a longer muscle twitch and deformation, and led to APD prolongation through the inward ChR2 current and its inward rectification kinetics, which far outweighed the effects of the delaying dissociation of CaTnC complexes and the prolonged reverse mode of Na<sup>+</sup>-Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchange on AP shortening; (3) due to the ChR2 current's rectification feature, enhancing the light irradiance (LI) brought slight variations in peak or valley values of electrophysiological and mechanical parameters while did not change durations of AP and twitch and muscle deformation in both ECC and MEF. In conclusion, the inward ChR2 current and its inward rectification feature were found to affect significantly the durations of AP and twitch in both ECC and MEF. The roles of optogenetic actuation on both ECC and MEF should be considered in future cardiac computational optogenetics at the tissue and organ scale.</p> </abstract>
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De Cola, Maria C., Viviana Lo Buono, Agata Mento, Mariella Foti, Silvia Marino, Placido Bramanti, Alfredo Manuli, and Rocco S. Calabrò. "Unmet Needs for Family Caregivers of Elderly People With Dementia Living in Italy: What Do We Know So Far and What Should We Do Next?" INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 54 (January 1, 2017): 004695801771370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0046958017713708.
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Care of the elderly with dementia represents one of the major challenges for the modern society worldwide. The burden of dementia care often falls on the family members, entailing heavy psychosocial and economic consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the caregiver’s perspective concerning the support for disease management on behalf of the physicians and the local Sicilian administrations (Italy), and the burden of care and effects on their lifestyle, to propose new prevention strategies and service for managing dementia and caregiver’s burden. Fifty-nine caregivers of Italian elderly people with dementia (mean age, 73; age range: 63-83) were interviewed, and 55 of them completed an ad hoc self-report questionnaire composed of 54 multiple-choice questions. Our findings suggest that caregivers need more information on the disease’s management, as well as on how to deal with the stress due to the disease burden. Moreover, a negative perception about the services offered from the local administration emerged. Assistive technology (AT) could be useful in promoting interaction between general practitioners and specialized centers for diagnosis, pharmacological and psychosocial treatments, and in saving costs. Moreover, case manager could follow patients and support family members within the care pathway, besides collecting and sharing information among the different health professionals involved. Further studies should be aimed at investigating whether AT and/or the use of specific educational strategies could be the right approach for meeting the needs of families living with dementia.
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Mous, Rogier, Philip Savage Savage, Ester BM Remmerswaal, Rene A. W. van Lier, Eric Eldering, and Marinus H. J. Van Oers. "Redirection of CMV Specific CTL towards B-CLL Via CD20 Targeted HLA/CMV Complexes." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.449.449.
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Abstract Because B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) can not be cured with current therapies, but in general has a slow progression and rather long median survival, it is considered an attractive candidate for active T cell mediated immunotherapy. However B-CLL cells have poor antigen presenting capacity because they express low levels of co-stimulatory molecules. Moreover, most immunotherapeutic strategies require knowledge of the eliciting tumor antigen and/or ex vivo manipulation of patient cells. To circumvent these drawbacks we aim to redirect existing viral immunity towards B-CLL. Previously, we have shown that in patients with B-CLL considerably expanded numbers of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD45RA+CD27 CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are present (W. Mackus et al. Blood2003; 102:1057). These cells are potent cytotoxic effector cells when directed against B-CLL cells loaded with CMV peptide (A.Kater et al. Br.J. Haematol.2004; 126:512). In the current study, we apply a novel bridging reagent to redirect CMV-specific CTL to specifically target B-CLL. The targeting complex is composed of a streptavidin fused anti-CD20 single chain variable fragment (scFv) in combination with biotinylated MHC class I molecules containing CMV pp65 peptide (HLA/CMV). We demonstrate that this complex is stable on the cell surface for ≥24 hours, and that B-CLL cells coated with this CD20-HLA/CMV complex can be lysed by autologous CMV-specific CD8+ CTL with similar efficiency as B-CLL cells directly loaded with CMV-peptide. Killing occurs at scFv CD20 concentrations of ≥100 ng ml−1 and HLA/CMV concentrations of ≥20 ng ml−1. Lysis of CD20-HLA/CMV complex coated CLL cells could not be blocked by anti-LFA1 antibodies, in contrast to B-CLL cells directly loaded with CMV-peptide, indicating a different immunological synapse. HLA-A2 positive B-CLL cells coated with HLA-B7 /CMV complexes were only lysed by HLA-B7 positive CMV-specific CTL, whereas HLA-A2/CMV complex targeted HLA-A2 positive B-CLL cells were unaffected by HLA-B7 positive CMV specific CTL, proving HLA restriction of the killing.. Furthermore, CD20-HLA/CMV complex coated B-CLL cells induce both proliferation and cytokine production (interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 β) in CMV-specific CD8+ T cells. Thus, CD20-HLA/CMV complexes elicit both immune activation and direct cytotoxicity towards B-CLL cells. The findings of our study constitute a necessary step towards possible application of CD20-HLA/CMV complexes for immunotherapy of B cell malignancies. It is obvious that this recently recognized capacity to redirect existing antiviral immunity towards tumor cells has a utility in cancer immunotherapy far beyond CMV and B-CLL.
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Tao, Yue, and Ze Wu. "High-Performance LC Resonant Amplifier Design and Implementation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.677.
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The work mainly by the front level attenuator, the LC tuned amplifier, the push-pull output stage is composed. The first level weakens 40dB fixedly through pi the attenuator realization. Front the double grid field effect manages 3SK223 to make the level to increase the controllable LC tuned amplifier, the LC resonance by double harmonious and the list harmonious cascade way, enhanced the system selectivity. The complete machine gain is bigger than the 80dB, AGC control area to achieve above 60dB.The output stage uses the low pressure high electric current high speed axle to the axle structure integration operational amplifier OPA2354 push-pull transformer coupling output, sharpened the belt load capacity greatly. In order to reduce the amplifier as far as possible the noise and ceases the high frequency auto excitation, this design has adopted the power source filter, the shield, electromagnetic compatibility, the interstate coupling, the impedance matching and so on many kinds of measures. After the test, this plan has completed completely the basic function and the expansion function. Sweeps the frequency source turning on input end after CPLD self-made DDS, May very convenient see the system frequency response on the oscilloscope.
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Pesce, Dolores. "The “individual” in Johann Friedrich Overbeck’s and Franz Liszt’s Seven Sacraments." Studia Musicologica 54, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/smus.54.2013.4.1.
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In the preface to his Septem sacramenta (1878–1884), Franz Liszt acknowledged its stimulus — drawings completed in 1862 by the German painter J. F. Overbeck (1789–1869). This essay explores what Liszt likely meant by his and Overbeck’s “diametrically opposed” approaches and speculates on why the composer nonetheless acknowledged the artist’s work. Each man adopted an individualized treatment of the sacraments, neither in line with the Church’s neo-Thomistic philosophy. Whereas the Church insisted on the sanctifying effects of the sacraments’ graces, Overbeck emphasized the sacraments as a means for moral edification, and Liszt expressed their emotional effects on the receiver. Furthermore, Overbeck embedded within his work an overt polemical message in response to the contested position of the pope in the latter half of the nineteenth century. For many in Catholic circles, he went too far. Both works experienced a problematic reception. Yet, despite their works’ reception, both Overbeck and Liszt believed they had contributed to the sacred art of their time. The very individuality of Overbeck’s treatment seems to have stimulated Liszt. True to his generous nature, Liszt, whose individual voice often went unappreciated, publicly recognized an equally individual voice in the service of the Church.
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Nash, Kyle, Alex Tran, Josh Leota, and Andy Scott. "Economic threat heightens conflict detection: sLORETA evidence." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 15, no. 9 (September 2020): 981–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsaa139.
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Abstract Economic threat has far-reaching emotional and social consequences, yet the impact of economic threat on neurocognitive processes has received little empirical scrutiny. Here, we examined the causal relationship between economic threat and conflict detection, a critical process in cognitive control associated with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Participants (N = 103) were first randomly assigned to read about a gloomy economic forecast (Economic Threat condition) or a stable economic forecast (No-Threat Control condition). Notably, these forecasts were based on real, publicly available economic predictions. Participants then completed a passive auditory oddball task composed of frequent standard tones and infrequent, aversive white-noise bursts, a task that elicits the N2, an event-related potential component linked to conflict detection. Results revealed that participants in the Economic Threat condition evidenced increased activation source localized to the ACC during the N2 to white-noise stimuli. Further, ACC activation to conflict mediated an effect of Economic Threat on increased justification for personal wealth. Economic threat thus has implications for basic neurocognitive function. Discussion centers on how effects on conflict detection could shed light on the broader emotional and social consequences of economic threat.
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Stewart, Andrew P., Juan Camilo Gómez-Posada, Jessica McGeorge, Maral J. Rouhani, Alvaro Villarroel, Ruth D. Murrell-Lagnado, and J. Michael Edwardson. "The Kv7.2/Kv7.3 Heterotetramer Assembles with a Random Subunit Arrangement." Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, no. 15 (February 13, 2012): 11870–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.336511.
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Voltage-gated K+ channels composed of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 are the predominant contributors to the M-current, which plays a key role in controlling neuronal activity. Various lines of evidence have indicated that Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 form a heteromeric channel. However, the subunit stoichiometry and arrangement within this putative heteromer are so far unknown. Here, we have addressed this question using atomic force microscopy imaging of complexes between isolated Kv7.2/Kv7.3 channels and antibodies to epitope tags on the two subunits, Myc on Kv7.2 and HA on Kv7.3. Initially, tsA 201 cells were transiently transfected with equal amounts of cDNA for the two subunits. The heteromer was isolated through binding of either tag to immunoaffinity beads and then decorated with antibodies to the other tag. In both cases, the distribution of angles between pairs of bound antibodies had two peaks, at around 90° and around 180°, and in both cases the 90° peak was about double the size of the 180° peak. These results indicate that the Kv7.2/Kv7.3 heteromer generated by cells expressing approximately equal amounts of the two subunits assembles as a tetramer with a predominantly 2:2 subunit stoichiometry and with a random subunit arrangement. When the DNA ratio for the two subunits was varied, copurification experiments indicated that the subunit stoichiometry was variable and not fixed at 2:2. Hence, there are no constraints on either the subunit stoichiometry or the subunit arrangement.
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Wahlman, Gregory P., Douglas R. Tasker, St John, W. Jack, and Kevin J. Werle. "Early Permian (Middle-Late Wolfcampian) phylloid algal/Tubiphytes bioherms and associated facies along the margin of the Orogrande Basin, Hueco Mountains, west Texas." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008613.
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Middle-Late Wolfcampian phylloid algal/Tubiphytes biohermal complexes have been found exposed in western outliers of the Hueco Mountains of far west Texas. Paleogeographically, the bioherms are located along the fault-controlled shelf margin between the Late Paleozoic Diablo Platform and Orogrande Basin. Although Virgilian and Early Wolfcampian phylloid algal mounds are well-known from the Hueco and Sacramento Mountains, outcropping Middle-Late Wolfcampian bioherms have not been described previously from the Orogrande Basin area.The biohermal complexes are exposed in three large outliers that lie about 3 miles west of the main Hueco Mountains and extend for about 12 miles in a north-south direction. The shelf margin complexes are in the Hueco Canyon Formation and correlate to well-bedded shelf facies in the main Hueco Mountains based on fusulinid biostratigraphy.The phylloid algal/Tubiphytes shelf margin bioherms contain an upward shallowing facies succession, which consists of, in ascending order: (1) phylloid algal wackestone-bafflestone, (2) phylloid algal bafflestone-packstone, (3) phylloid algal-fusulinid bafflestone-packstone, and (4) Tubiphytes boundstones and Tubiphytes-fusulinid-phylloid algal packstones and grainstones. Unlike some previously described Wolfcampian phylloid algal buildups, the phylloid algal mound facies in these buildups contain only rare calcisponges, heliosponges, and marine radial fibrous cements. On the crest of the southern outlier there occurs a rather different type of bioherm, which contains nodular boundstones that are composed of encrusting red algae and bryozoans, and in which calcisponges are common. That bioherm is thought to be slightly younger in age than the phylloid algal/Tubiphytes bioherms, and it might also have been formed in a deeper-water setting.Bordering the phylloid algal/Tubiphytes bioherms on the seaward side are overlapping tongues and channels of lithoclastic-skeletal debris and skeletal grainstones and packstones. Some of these forereef units extend seaward into slope facies, which consist of dark-gray cherty limestones that generally lack skeletal fossils, but contain a rich ichnofossil assemblage in the shallower upper slope beds. Backreef facies consist mainly of skeletal-peloidal packstones and wackstones.The Hueco Mountains outlier exposures are significant because: (1) they establish the presence of a Middle-Late Wolfcampian shelf margin with distinct topographic relief in the southern Orogrande Basin, and (2) they provide an easily accessible field laboratory to study Middle-Late Wolfcampian shelf-to-basin facies relationships and shelf margin bioherms. Middle-Late Wolfcampian shelf margin bioherms are of particular interest because they represent an important transitional stage in the evolutionary history of Late Paleozoic reef communities, and because they form important petroleum reservoirs just to the east in the Delaware and Midland Basins.
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Han, Leilei, Xuan Zhou, Chaoying Meng, Qin He, and Zhenfeng Zhao. "Design of Auxiliary Feeding Device Based on Single Chip Microcomputer Control System." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125201054.
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People’s daily life activities, such as eating, washing and dressing, are very important to the quality of life. However, for many people with disabilities, including those with upper limbs, these tasks prove to be challenging without the help of human caregivers. However, the shortage of medical workers and rising medical costs have created an urgent need for innovation, making aid more affordable and effective. A typical auxiliary task is dietary assistance, which is the basic daily necessities for maintaining health. People with upper limbs and limbs often have difficulty supporting themselves. Technical intervention can solve the problem by bridging the gap between physical ability and necessary functional ability. This design is based on a single-chip microcomputer control system-assisted feeding manipulator design, which can assist in completing the feeding function, and can also add voice or facial recognition modules to enhance the human-computer interaction experience. The design is mainly composed of editing controller-control and detection-power element. That is, the food is fed through a control program, transmitted to a target position through a power element, and whether feeding is completed is judged through a control and detection device. And we will try to add some functional modules to enhance the human-computer interaction experience.
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Sjöberg, Mathilda, Birgitta Lindqvist, and Henrik Garoff. "Stabilization of TM Trimer Interactions during Activation of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Env." Journal of Virology 82, no. 5 (December 19, 2007): 2358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01931-07.
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ABSTRACT The transmembrane subunit (TM) of the trimeric retrovirus Env complex is thought to direct virus-cell membrane fusion by refolding into a cell membrane-interacting, extended form that subsequently folds back on itself into a very stable trimer of hairpin-like TM polypeptides. However, so far there is only limited evidence for the formation of a stable TM trimer during Env activation. Here we have studied the oligomer composition and stability of an intermediate and the fully activated form of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) Env. Activation of Mo-MLV Env is controlled by isomerization of its intersubunit disulfide. This results in surface subunit (SU) dissociation and TM refolding. If activation is done in the presence of an alkylator, this will modify the isomerization-active thiol in the SU of Env and arrest Env at an intermediate stage, the isomerization-arrested state (IAS) of its activation pathway. We generated IAS and fully activated Envs in vitro and in vivo and studied their states of oligomerization by two-dimensional blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE. The IAS Env was composed of trimers of SU-TM complexes, whereas the activated Env consisted of SU monomers and TM trimers. When the oligomers were subjected to mild SDS treatment the TM trimer was found to be 3.5 times more resistant than the IAS oligomer. Thus, this demonstrates that a structural conversion of TM takes place during activation, which results in the formation of a stable TM trimer.
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Moustafa, Ahmed M., Paul J. Planet, and Paul J. Planet. "464. Rapid whole genome sequence typing reveals multiple waves of SARS-CoV-2 spread." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.657.
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Abstract Background As the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread globally its genome has diversified and distinct clones can now be recognized, tracked, and traced. Identifying clonal groups allows for assessment of geographic spread, transmission events, and identification of more virulent or transmissible emerging strains. Methods All SARS-CoV-2 genomes (n=17,504) that are complete and high coverage were downloaded from GISAID on May 17th 2020. We developed a GNU-based Virus IDentification (GNUVID) tool that implements a whole genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) scheme composed of all ten ORFs in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The 10,422 genomes that passed our quality check were fed to the GNUVID tool, which assigned a ST profile to each genome. Global optimum eBURST was then used to cluster the STs in clonal complexes (CCs). Results Our ST/CC analysis uncovered strong associations of ST/CCs with certain geographical regions but also dynamic local changes in ST/CC prevalence. We also identified several unexpected putative global transmission events (e.g., from the US to the Middle East and reintroduction to China later in the pandemic). We have made our tool (GNUVID) available so that new WG sequences can be rapidly assigned to an ST/CC (https://github.com/ahmedmagds/GNUVID). Conclusion Our sequence typing system uncovered previously unappreciated transmission events and waves of expansion and replacement of SARS-CoV-2 STs and CCs in different geographical locations, suggesting complex dynamics in viral populations that previously seemed monomorphic. Because, our tool can be rapidly updated with new sequencing data it can track emerging clones and identifying new hotspots. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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López, Tomas A., Carlos M. Campero, Ricardo Chayer, and Miguel de Hoyos. "Ergotism and Photosensitization in Swine Produced by the Combined Ingestion of Claviceps Purpurea Sclerotia and Ammi Majus Seeds." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9, no. 1 (January 1997): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879700900112.
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Poisoning of domestic animals happens frequently in the southeast of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina). Intoxications are produced mainly by the ingestion of plants and mycotoxins, but animals are rarely affected simultaneously by both types of agents. One herd of pigs suffered simultaneous intoxications by ergot alkaloids from Claviceps purpurea sclerotia and furocoumarins from Ammi majus seeds. Pigs were fed a diet composed of wheat (poor quality) or corn and protein and vitamin supplements. This diet was completed with forage sorghum. Nervous signs were first observed 5–7 days after the initiation of feeding the suspect ration. These signs were followed by cutaneous irritation. Snout ulcers, eyelid edema, and conjunctivitis were observed in several piglets. Ten days after the start of feeding the incriminated ration, 8 abortions were observed. Many of the sows that were nursing piglets developed udder edema and teat cracking. Dermal lesions were observed in most of the animals with unpigmented areas in the skin but not in a Duroc-Jersey boar. Removal of the incriminated diet and feeding of another diet prepared with good-quality wheat allowed all the animals to recover in 15 days. The herd experienced normal pregnancies and parturitions, litter sizes, and piglet weights when fed a cleaned portion of the poor-quality wheat. No photosensitization lesions were observed. Examination of impurities in the suspected wheat indicated the presence of 2.2% of A. majus seeds and 0.14% of C. purpurea sclerotia. The quantitative analysis indicated the presence of 3.2 g xanthotoxin and 0.65 g bergaptene/100 g A. majus seeds and 0.73 g ergot alkaloids (expressed as ergonovine) per 100 g of C. purpurea sclerotia. Qualitative analysis demonstrated the presence of ergotamine, ergocristine, and ergonovine. These results indicate that clinical signs and lesions were caused by the ingestion of large quantities of these biologically active compounds.
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Baker, Jennifer L., Minya Pu, Christopher A. Tokin, Karen Messer, Carl Hoh, David R. Vera, and Anne M. Wallace. "Comparison of [99mTc] tilmanocept and [99mTc] sulfur colloid for identification of sentinel lymph nodes in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 11098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.11098.
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11098 Background: Receptor-targeted (CD206) [99mTc] tilmanocept is a radiopharmaceutical specifically engineered for sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification that has recently completed phase III clinical trials. The agent has been compared to vital blue dye in prior studies, but has not yet been compared to radio-labeled sulfur colloid. We compared the performance of [99mTc]tilmanocept vs. filtered [99mTc]sulfur colloid (fTcSC) in two cohorts of clinically node-negative breast cancer patients (BCP) who underwent SLN mapping at a single institution. Outcomes were degree of SLN localization and % positive nodes among those removed. Methods: The [99mTc]tilmanocept cohort was composed of UCSD-specific patients pooled from two phase III clinical trials (Jun 2008-Jun 2009, Jul 2010-Apr 2011); the fTcSC cohort was composed of consecutive BCP undergoing SLN mapping at UCSD (Mar 2011-Feb 2012). Demographic, lymph node-specific, and cancer characteristics were compared between groups. A zero-inflated binomial model compared %-positive nodes among nodes removed. Results: There were 85 vs.120 patients in the [99mTc]tilmanocept and fTcSC cohorts, respectively. The groups did not differ in demographic or clinicopathologic factors predictive of axillary metastatic disease (age, race, cancer stage, histologic subtype and grade, hormone and HER2-Neu status or presence of lymphovascular invasion). The [99mTc]tilmanocept group had significantly fewer SLNs removed (mean 1.9 vs. 3.9, p<0.001), achieved higher gamma counts/node (28 vs. 1.6 kcps, p<0.001), and detected a significantly higher percent of tumor-positive SLNs (73% vs. 49%, p=0.016) while identifying the same rate of node-positive patients (24% vs. 18%, p=0.4). Conclusions: [99mTc]Tilmanocept identified the same rate of node positive patients and removed fewer SLNs compared to fTcSC among BCP with similar risk of axillary metastatic disease. These data suggest that [99mTc]tilmanocept more precisely targets true SLNs and may minimize morbidity while maintaining or improving the accuracy of axillary staging in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients.
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Rodríguez-Blanque, Raquel, Juan Carlos Sánchez-García, Antonio Manuel Sánchez-López, and María José Aguilar-Cordero. "Physical activity during pregnancy and its influence on delivery time: a randomized clinical trial." PeerJ 7 (February 7, 2019): e6370. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6370.
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Introduction During pregnancy, women often change their lifestyle for fear of harmful effects on the child or themselves. In this respect, many women reduce the amount of physical exercise they take, despite its beneficial effects. Objective To determine the duration of labor in pregnant women who completed a program of moderate physical exercise in water and subsequently presented eutocic birth. Methods A randomized trial was performed with 140 healthy pregnant women, divided into an exercise group (EG) (n = 70) and a control group (CG) (n = 70). The women who composed the study population were recruited at 12 weeks of gestation. The intervention program, termed SWEP (Study of Water Exercise during Pregnancy) began in week 20 of gestation and ended in week 37. Perinatal outcomes were determined by examining the corresponding partographs, recorded by the Maternity Service at the Granada University Hospital Complex. Results The intervention phase of the study took place from June through October 2016, with the 120 women finally included in EG and CG (60 in each group). At term, 63% of the women in EG and 56% of those in CG had a eutocic birth. The average total duration of labor was 389.33 ± 216.18 min for the women in EG and 561.30 ± 199.94 min for those in CG, a difference of approximately three hours (p < 0.001). Conclusions The women who exercised in water during their pregnancy presented a shorter duration of labor than those who did not. The difference was especially marked with respect to the duration of the first and second stages of labor.
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Roper, Karen L., Alisha R. Thomas, Laura Hieronymus, Audrey Brock, and James Keck. "Patient and Clinician Perceptions of Prediabetes: A Mixed-Methods Primary Care Study." Diabetes Educator 45, no. 3 (April 25, 2019): 302–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145721719845347.
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Purpose The purpose of the study was to assess patient and clinician perceptions of prediabetes in an academic family medicine practice. Data were collected in preparation for an implementation study to increase utilization of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (N-DPP). Methods In this mixed-methods study, discussions from 3 focus groups composed of patients with prediabetes were evaluated using thematic analysis for their understanding of and beliefs about prediabetes, care experiences, and attitudes toward N-DPP. Clinicians completed a Likert-scaled survey assessing attitudes and perceived barriers to providing prediabetes care. Results Among the 15 focus group participants, more than half were not aware of their diagnosis. Attitudes toward prediabetes were mixed: while many believed it was serious and elicited more fear than being “at risk,” others thought there were varying degrees of risk within the same diagnosis, making the diagnosis less impactful. Patients repeatedly expressed the perception that clinicians were not forthcoming about necessary behavior changes. Patients agreed on barriers to N-DPP, including scheduling and transportation. Clinicians (N = 31) concurred that patients lack awareness of their prediabetes diagnosis. They reported that time is available to screen all patients and that a prediabetes diagnosis is effective for advising patients of the need for lifestyle modification. There was consensus from both patients and clinicians that prediabetes is curable. Conclusions Increased patient awareness and patient-centered education is needed to overcome barriers to prediabetes care. To facilitate implementation of N-DPP referral processes, clinicians should clearly communicate risk, treatment information, and linkage to N-DPP as the suggested treatment plan.
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Yarmolyuk, V. V., A. M. Kozlovsky, A. V. Travin, T. I. Kirnozova, M. M. Fugzan, I. K. Kozakov, Yu V. Plotkina, G. Eenzhin, Ts Oyunchimeg, and O. E. Sviridova. "Duration and geodynamic nature of giant Central Asian batholiths: geological and geochronological studies of the Khangai batholith." Стратиграфия 27, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-592x27179-102.
Full textAbstract:
In the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic, during about 100 m.y., the world’s three largest batholiths (Angara-Vitim, Khangai, and Khentei, each up to 1 000 000 km3 in volume) had formed within the limits of the Central Asian orogenic belt. Considering the case of the Khangai batholith, the problem of how, when, and why such an extensive granite formation took place is analyzed. The geochronological data for granitoids of the batholith by U–Pb (ID-TIMS) and 40Ar/39Ar dating methods are systematized to distinguish three age groups of rocks. These rock groups are correlated to the geological events occurred in the region. The earliest group includes granitoids formed in the interval of 302–283 Ma. They tend to the western and southern framings of the batholith and correspond to the fragments of two igneous belts that crossed the region, where the batholith formed later, and reached the areas far beyond. The youngest group of igneous rocks (230–200 Ma) is developed in the eastern periphery of the batholith and corresponds to the marginal part of the large Early Mesozoic Mongol-Transbaikalian igneous zone, with the main part being located far away to the east of there. Igneous complexes that formed in the interval of 273–238 Ma correspond to the batholith proper. They are concentrated within the zone of 350 × 400 km in size and are represented by rocks of two associations: granite-granodiorite (Khangai complex) and granite-leucogranite (Sharaus Gol complex). The coeval analogs of these rocks are reported only in the framing of the batholith.
The comparison between the Khangai batholith and two other giant ones (Angara-Vitim and Khentei) revealed their similarity in terms of structure and evolution. They are all composed of similar rock associations and are of comparable sizes and age intervals of formation. For example, the Angara-Vitim and Khentei batholiths formed mainly in the intervals of 305–275 and 229–195 Ma, respectively. The obtained estimates of formation time of ~30 m.y. should seemingly be considered as the time necessary for chambers of anatectic magmas, which to certain degree formed giant (~1 000 000 km3 in volume) batholiths, to cool down in the Earth’s interior. The formation of giant batholiths is attributed to the effect of mantle plumes on the lithosphere of a young fold zone that appeared as a result of accretionary-collisional events in the marginal part of the Siberian paleocontinent.
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Mignard, Salomé, Thierry Mulder, Philippe Martinez, and Thierry Garlan. "The Ogooue Fan (offshore Gabon): a modern example of deep-sea fan on a complex slope profile." Solid Earth 10, no. 3 (June 17, 2019): 851–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-10-851-2019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The effects of changes in slope gradient on deposition processes and architecture have been investigated in different deep-sea systems both in modern and ancient environments. However, the impact of subtle gradient changes (< 0.3∘) on sedimentary processes along deep-sea fans still needs to be clarified. The Ogooue Fan, located in the northeastern part of the Gulf of Guinea, extends over more than 550 km westwards of the Gabonese shelf and passes through the Cameroon volcanic line. Here, we present the first study of acoustic data (multibeam echosounder and 3.5 kHz, very high-resolution seismic data) and piston cores covering the deep-sea part of this West African system. This study documents the architecture and sedimentary facies distribution along the fan. Detailed mapping of near-seafloor seismic-reflection data reveals the influence of subtle slope gradient changes (< 0.2∘) along the fan morphology. The overall system corresponds to a well-developed deep-sea fan, fed by the Ogooue River sedimentary load, with tributary canyons, distributary channel–levee complexes and lobe elements. However, variations in the slope gradient due to inherited salt-related structures and the presence of several seamounts, including volcanic islands, result in a topographically complex slope profile including several ramps and steps. In particular, turbidity currents derived from the Gabonese shelf deposit cross several interconnected intra-slope basins located on the low gradient segments of the margin (< 0.3∘). On a higher gradient segment of the slope (0.6∘), a large mid-system valley developed connecting an intermediate sedimentary basin to the more distal lobe area. Distribution and thickness of turbidite sands is highly variable along the system. However, turbidite sands are preferentially deposited on the floor of the channel and the most proximal depositional areas. Core description indicates that the upper parts of the turbidity flows, mainly composed of fine-grained sediments, are found in the most distal depocenters.