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Journal articles on the topic 'Fermions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Rout, Abhishek, and Brett Altschul. "Bound States and Particle Production by Breather-Type Background Field Configurations." Symmetry 16, no. 12 (2024): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16121571.

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We investigate the interaction of fermion fields with oscillating domain walls, inspired by breather-type solutions of the sine-Gordon equation, a nonlinear system of fundamental importance. Our study focuses on the fermionic bound states and particle production induced by a time-dependent scalar background field. The fermions couple to two domain walls undergoing harmonic motion, and we explore the resulting dynamics of the fermionic wave functions. We demonstrate that while fermions initially form bound states around the domain walls, the energy provided by the oscillatory motion of the scal

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2

Ma, Tian-Chi, Jing-Nan Hu, Yuan Chen, Lei Shao, Xian-Ru Hu, and Jian-Bo Deng. "Coexistence of type-II and type-IV Dirac fermions in SrAgBi." Modern Physics Letters B 35, no. 11 (2021): 2150181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984921501815.

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Relativistic massless Weyl and Dirac fermions have isotropic and linear dispersion relations to maintain Poincaré symmetry, which is the most basic symmetry in high-energy physics. The situation in condensed matter physics is less constrained; only certain subgroups of Poincaré symmetry — the 230 space groups that exist in 3D lattices — need be respected. Then, the free fermionic excitations that have no high-energy analogues could exist in solid state systems. Here, We discovered a type of nonlinear Dirac fermion without high-energy analogue in SrAgBi and named it type-IV Dirac fermion. The t

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3

GUENDELMAN, E. I., and A. B. KAGANOVICH. "DARK ENERGY, DARK MATTER AND FERMION FAMILIES IN THE TWO MEASURES THEORY." International Journal of Modern Physics A 19, no. 31 (2004): 5325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x04022542.

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A field theory is proposed where the regular fermionic matter and the dark fermionic matter are different states of the same "primordial" fermion fields. In regime of the fermion densities typical for normal particle physics, each of the primordial fermions splits into three generations identified with regular fermions. In a simple model, this fermion families birth effect is accompanied with the right lepton numbers conservation laws. It is possible to fit the muon to electron mass ratio without fine tuning of the Yukawa coupling constants. When fermion energy density becomes comparable with

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GUENDELMAN, E. I., and A. B. KAGANOVICH. "NEW PHYSICS AT LOW ENERGIES AND DARK MATTER-DARK ENERGY TRANSMUTATION." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 06 (2005): 1140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05024018.

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A field theory is proposed where the regular fermionic matter and the dark fermionic matter can be different states of the same "primordial" fermion fields. In regime of the fermion densities typical for normal particle physics, the primordial fermions split into three families identified with regular fermions. When fermion energy density becomes comparable with dark energy density, the theory allows transition to new type of states. The possibility of such Cosmo-Low Energy Physics (CLEP) states is demonstrated by means of solutions of the field theory equations describing FRW universe filled

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5

BELYAEV, V. M., and IAN I. KOGAN. "MASSLESS FERMIONS IN KALUZA-KLEIN MODELS: SU(N) GAUGE FIELDS, ZN SYMMETRY AND STABILITY OF THE METASTABLE VACUUM." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 02 (1992): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392000057.

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Kaluza-Klein model on M4×S1 with SU (N) gauge fields and Nf fermions in fundamental representation is considered. It is noted that on one-loop level the lowest state of this theory corresponds to effective four-dimensional theory which has no massless fermions. This statement does not depend on fermion boundary conditions. The state with mass-less four-dimensional fermions is metastable. It is shown that this metastable states can be stabilized by effects of classical gravitation. The same problem of metastability of states with zero fermionic modes can appear in more realistic superstring com

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6

Dajka, Jerzy. "Interference of Particles with Fermionic Internal Degrees of Freedom." Entropy 26, no. 6 (2024): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26060449.

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The interference of fermionic particles, specifically molecules comprising a small number of fermions, in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer is being investigated under the influence of both classical and non-classical external controls. The aim is to identify control strategies that can elucidate the relationship between the interference pattern and the characteristics of internal fermion–fermion interactions.

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7

CORDOVA, NICOLAS J. "FRACTIONAL CHARGE IN 1+1, 2+1 AND 3+1 DIMENSIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 06, no. 33 (1991): 3071–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732391003560.

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Fractional charge is analyzed in models containing massive fermions interacting with topologically non-trivial background fields in 1+1, 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. It is found that the induced vacuum fermionic charge depends discontinuously on the fermion mass, when scalar interactions are involved.

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8

Lee, Cheng-Yang. "Symmetries and unitary interactions of mass dimension one fermionic dark matter." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 35 (2016): 1650187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16501876.

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The fermionic fields constructed from Elko have several unexpected properties. They satisfy the Klein–Gordon but not the Dirac equation and are of mass dimension one instead of three-half. Starting with the Klein–Gordon Lagrangian, we initiate a careful study of the symmetries and interactions of these fermions and their higher-spin generalizations. We find, although the fermions are of mass dimension one, the four-point fermionic self-interaction violates unitarity at high-energy so it cannot be a fundamental interaction of the theory. Using the optical theorem, we derive an explicit bound on

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9

DOLOCAN, ANDREI, VOICU OCTAVIAN DOLOCAN, and VOICU DOLOCAN. "A NEW HAMILTONIAN OF INTERACTION FOR FERMIONS." Modern Physics Letters B 19, no. 13n14 (2005): 669–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984905008700.

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Using the Lagrangian formalism we attempt to introduce a new Hamiltonian for fermions. On this basis we have evaluated the expectation values for the interaction energy between fermions via bosons. The interaction energy between two fermions via phonons becomes attractive in a degenerate fermion-gas. The interaction energy between two fermions via photons appears to be attractive in certain conditions. The self-energy of the fermion + boson system, e.g. polaron and polariton, was evaluated.

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10

Klaric, J., A. Shkerin, and G. Vacalis. "Non-perturbative production of fermionic dark matter from fast preheating." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 02 (2023): 034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/02/034.

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Abstract We investigate non-perturbative production of fermionic dark matter in the early universe. We study analytically the gravitational production mechanism accompanied by the coupling of fermions to the background inflaton field. The latter leads to the variation of effective fermion mass during preheating and makes the resulting spectrum and abundance sensitive to its parameters. Assuming fast preheating that completes in less than the inflationary Hubble time and no oscillations of the inflaton field after inflation, we find an abundant production of particles with energies ranging from

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11

GIROTTI, H. O. "CANONICAL QUANTIZATION OF THE SELF-DUAL MODEL COUPLED TO FERMIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 14, no. 16 (1999): 2495–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x99001238.

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This paper is devoted to formulating the interaction-picture dynamics of the self-dual field minimally coupled to fermions. As a preliminary, we quantize the free self-dual model by means of the Dirac-bracket quantization procedure. The free self-dual model turns out to be a relativistically invariant quantum field theory whose excitations are identical to the physical (gauge-invariant) excitations of the free Maxwell–Chern–Simons theory. The interacting model is also quantized through the Dirac-bracket quantization procedure. One of the self-dual field components is found not to commute, at e

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12

Chiew, Mitchell, and Sergii Strelchuk. "Discovering optimal fermion-qubit mappings through algorithmic enumeration." Quantum 7 (October 18, 2023): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-18-1145.

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Simulating fermionic systems on a quantum computer requires a high-performing mapping of fermionic states to qubits. A characteristic of an efficient mapping is its ability to translate local fermionic interactions into local qubit interactions, leading to easy-to-simulate qubit Hamiltonians.All fermion-qubit mappings must use a numbering scheme for the fermionic modes in order for translation to qubit operations. We make a distinction between the unordered labelling of fermions and the ordered labelling of the qubits. This separation shines light on a new way to design fermion-qubit mappings

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13

Seshavatharam, U. V. S., T. Gunavardhana Naidu, and S. Lakshminarayana. "Nuclear evidences for confirming the physical existence of 585 ‎GeV weak fermion and galactic observations of TeV radiation." International Journal of Advanced Astronomy 13, no. 1 (2025): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.14419/yqrd2j69.

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Background: In our recent publications pertaining to 4G model of final unification and based on strong and electroweak interactions, we have proposed the existence of a weak fermion of rest energy 585 GeV. Objective: To confirm the physical existence of the proposed 585 GeV weak fermion by analyzing weak and strong interactions in a unified approach via 4G model of final unification, super symmetry and string theory. Method: Considering the proposed nuclear charge of 2.95e, proton, electron mass ratio, specific charge ratios of proton and electron, Fermi’s weak coupling constant, Reduced Planc

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14

FELDMAN, JOEL, HORST KNÖRRER, and EUGENE TRUBOWITZ. "SINGLE SCALE ANALYSIS OF MANY FERMION SYSTEMS PART 1: INSULATORS." Reviews in Mathematical Physics 15, no. 09 (2003): 949–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129055x03001771.

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We construct, using fermionic functional integrals, thermodynamic Green's functions for a weakly coupled fermion gas whose Fermi energy lies in a gap. Estimates on the Green's functions are obtained that are characteristic of the size of the gap. This prepares the way for the analysis of single scale renormalization group maps for a system of fermions at temperature zero without a gap.

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15

Pandey, Mahul, and Sachindeo Vaidya. "Yang–Mills matrix mechanics and quantum phases." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 14, no. 08 (2017): 1740009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887817400096.

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The [Formula: see text] Yang–Mills matrix model coupled to fundamental fermions is studied in the adiabatic limit, and quantum critical behavior is seen at special corners of the gauge field configuration space. The quantum scalar potential for the gauge field induced by the fermions diverges at the corners, and is intimately related to points of enhanced degeneracy of the fermionic Hamiltonian. This in turn leads to superselection sectors in the Hilbert space of the gauge field, the ground states in different sectors being orthogonal to each other. The [Formula: see text] Yang–Mills matrix mo

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16

OIKONOMOU, V. K. "HIDDEN SUPERSYMMETRY IN DIRAC FERMION QUASINORMAL MODES OF BLACK HOLES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 28, no. 15 (2013): 1350057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13500577.

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We connect the quasinormal modes corresponding to Dirac fermions in various curved space–time backgrounds to an N = 2 supersymmetric quantum mechanics algebra, which can be constructed from the radial part of the fermionic solutions of the Dirac equation. In the massless fermion case, the quasinormal modes are in bijective correspondence with the zero modes of the fermionic system and this results to unbroken supersymmetry. The massive case is more complicated, but as we demonstrate, supersymmetry remains unbroken even in this case.

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17

KHOKHLACHEV, S., and YU MAKEENKO. "ADJOINT FERMIONS INDUCE QCD." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 39 (1992): 3653–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392003086.

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We propose to induce QCD by fermions in the adjoint representation of the gauge group SU (Nc) on the lattice. We consider various types of lattice fermions: chiral, Kogut-Susskind and Wilson ones. Using the mean field method we show that a first order large-N phase transition occurs with decreasing fermion mass. We conclude, therefore, that adjoint fermions induce QCD. We draw the same conclusion for the adjoint scalar or fermion models at large number of flavors Nf when they induce a single-plaquette lattice gauge theory. We find an exact strong coupling solution for the adjoint fermion model

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18

Yanagisawa, Takashi. "Zero-Energy Modes, Fractional Fermion Numbers and The Index Theorem in a Vortex-Dirac Fermion System." Symmetry 12, no. 3 (2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12030373.

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Physics of topological materials has attracted much attention from both physicists and mathematicians recently. The index and the fermion number of Dirac fermions play an important role in topological insulators and topological superconductors. A zero-energy mode exists when Dirac fermions couple to objects with soliton-like structure such as kinks, vortices, monopoles, strings, and branes. We discuss a system of Dirac fermions interacting with a vortex and a kink. This kind of systems will be realized on the surface of topological insulators where Dirac fermions exist. The fermion number is f

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19

Yang, Bo, Hongsheng Yu, Shujuan Liu, and Fengzheng Zhu. "Density Distribution of Strongly Quantum Degenerate Fermi Systems Simulated by Fictitious Identical Particle Thermodynamics." Entropy 27, no. 5 (2025): 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050458.

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The exchange antisymmetry of identical fermions leads to an exponential computational bottleneck in ab initio simulations, known as the fermion sign problem. The thermodynamic approach of fictitious identical particles (Y. Xiong and H. Xiong, J. Chem. Phys. 157, 094112 (2022)) provides an efficient and accurate means to simulate some fermionic systems by overcoming the fermion sign problem. This method has been significantly promoted and used by National Ignition Facilities for the ab initio simulations and is believed to have wide application prospects in warm dense quantum matter (T. Dornhei

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20

GOERBIG, M. O., P. LEDERER, and C. MORAIS SMITH. "SECOND GENERATION OF COMPOSITE FERMIONS AND THE SELF-SIMILARITY OF THE FRACTIONAL QUANTUM HALL EFFECT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 27n29 (2004): 3549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204026998.

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A recently developed model of interacting composite fermions, is used to investigate different composite-fermion phases. Their interaction potential allows for the formation of both solid and new quantum-liquid phases, which are interpreted in terms of second-generation composite fermions and which may be responsible for the fractional quantum Hall states observed at unusual filling factors, such as ν=4/11. Projection of the composite-fermion dynamics to a single level, involved in the derivation of the Hamiltonian of interacting composite fermions, reveals the underlying self-similarity of th

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21

Wang, Juven, and Yi-Zhuang You. "Symmetric Mass Generation." Symmetry 14, no. 7 (2022): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14071475.

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The most well-known mechanism for fermions to acquire a mass is the Nambu–Goldstone–Anderson–Higgs mechanism, i.e., after a spontaneous symmetry breaking, a bosonic field that couples to the fermion mass term condenses, which grants a mass gap for the fermionic excitation. In the last few years, it was gradually understood that there is a new mechanism of mass generation for fermions without involving any symmetry breaking within an anomaly-free symmetry group, also applicable to chiral fermions with anomaly-free chiral symmetries. This new mechanism is generally referred to as the symmetric m

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22

ABE, HIROYUKI, HIRONORI MIGUCHI, and TAIZO MUTA. "DYNAMICAL FERMION MASSES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF KALUZA–KLEIN FERMIONS IN EXTRA DIMENSIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 15, no. 06 (2000): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732300000438.

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The dynamical fermion mass generation in the four-dimensional brane is discussed in a model with five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein fermions in interaction with four-dimensional fermions. It is found that the dynamical fermion masses are generated beyond the critical radius of the compactified extra dimensional space and may be made small compared with the masses of the Kaluza–Klein modes.

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23

Lahiri, Amitabha. "Geometry creates inertia." International Journal of Modern Physics D 29, no. 14 (2020): 2043020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271820430208.

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The dynamics of fermions in curved spacetime is governed by a spin connection, a part of which is contorsion, an auxiliary field independent of the metric, without dynamics but fully expressible in terms of the axial current density of fermions. Its effect is the appearance of a quartic interaction involving all fermions. Contorsion can couple to left- and right-handed fermions with different strengths, leading to an effective mass for fermions propagating on a background containing fermionic matter.

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24

DU, MUYUN, XIYUN DU, and YUEYING XIE. "SCALAR AND FERMION ZERO MODES ON THE THICK BRANE ARISING FROM TWO SCALAR FIELDS." Modern Physics Letters A 23, no. 37 (2008): 3179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732308026492.

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In this note we study scalar and fermion zero modes on the brane arising from two scalar fields. The result is that there exist normalizable massless modes of scalar fields which can be localized on the brane. While, for spin 1/2 and spin 3/2 fermions, the corresponding zero modes are non-normalizable. Thus, some mechanism such as Yukawa coupling should be introduced for the localization of these fermionic fields on the thick brane.

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25

McKellar, Bruce H. J., T. J. Goldman, and G. J. Stephenson. "Effective masses in a dense fermion background — Applied to neutrinos, dark matter and dark energy." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 21 (2014): 1444010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14440102.

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If fermions interact with a scalar field, and there are many fermions present the scalar field may develop an expectation value and generate an effective mass for the fermions. This can lead to the formation of fermion clusters, which could be relevant for neutrino astrophysics and for dark matter astrophysics. Because this system may exhibit negative pressure, it also leads to a model of dark energy.

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26

NARAYANA SWAMY, P. "q-DEFORMED FERMIONS: ALGEBRA, FOCK SPACE AND THERMODYNAMICS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 18 (2006): 2537–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206034832.

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We investigate an algebra describing q-deformed Fermion oscillators. We establish the nature of the basic numbers which follow from this algebra, study the Fock space of these generalized Fermions and determine the Jackson Derivative appropriate for these Fermions. The statistical thermodynamics of these Fermions is examined and it is demonstrated that a consistent formulation preserving its full Legendre structure is accomplished by the use of Jackson Derivatives in place of the ordinary thermodynamic derivatives. We determine the important thermodynamic functions and illustrate the thermodyn

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27

Hartke, Thomas, Botond Oreg, Carter Turnbaugh, Ningyuan Jia, and Martin Zwierlein. "Direct observation of nonlocal fermion pairing in an attractive Fermi-Hubbard gas." Science 381, no. 6653 (2023): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.ade4245.

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The Hubbard model of attractively interacting fermions provides a paradigmatic setting for fermion pairing. It features a crossover between Bose-Einstein condensation of tightly bound pairs and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluidity of long-range Cooper pairs, and a “pseudo-gap” region where pairs form above the superfluid critical temperature. We directly observe the nonlocal nature of fermion pairing in a Hubbard lattice gas, using spin- and density-resolved imaging of ∼ 1000 fermionic potassium-40 atoms under a bilayer microscope. Complete fermion pairing is revealed by the vanishing of gl

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28

Goswami, Abhishek. "Mass gap in U(1) Higgs–Yukawa model on a unit lattice." Journal of Mathematical Physics 64, no. 3 (2023): 032302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107644.

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A non-perturbative proof of the mass generation of fermions via the Higgs mechanism is given. This is done by showing an exponential decay of the two point fermionic correlation function in a weakly coupled U(1) Higgs–Yukawa theory on a unit lattice in d = 4. This decay implies that the Higgs boson, the photon, and the fermion all have a non-zero physical mass, and the theory is said to have a mass gap.

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29

NARAYANA SWAMY, P. "TRANSFORMATIONS OF q-BOSON AND q-FERMION ALGEBRAS." Modern Physics Letters B 15, no. 21 (2001): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984901002671.

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We investigate the algebras satisfied by q-deformed boson and fermion oscillators, in particular the transformations of the algebra from one form to another. Based on a specific algebra proposed in recent literature, we show that the algebra of deformed fermions can be transformed to that of undeformed standard fermions. Furthermore, we also show that the algebra of q-deformed fermions can be transformed to that of undeformed standard bosons.

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30

Stumpf, H., Th Borne, and H. J. Kaus. "Is the Gravitational Force Elementary?" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 48, no. 12 (1993): 1151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1993-1202.

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Abstract The gravitational force is assumed to be mediated by spin 2 gravitons which are composed of four spin 1/2 (sub-) fermions. The dynamics is governed by a nonlinear spinorfield equation with nonperturbative Pauli-Villars regularization and canonical quantization. On the quantum level the fermion dynamics is expressed by a functional equation for algebraic state functionals, and the "graviton" (functional) states are defined to be solutions of the diagonal part of this equation. The effective interaction between such graviton states and fermions is studied by means of a weak mapping betw

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31

Nisperuza, J., J. P. Rubio, and R. Avella. "Density probabilities of a Bose-Fermi mixture in 1D double well potential." Journal of Physics Communications 6, no. 2 (2022): 025004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac4faf.

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Abstract We use the two mode approximation for a interacting one-dimensional spinless soft core bosons and one half spin fermions in a double-well potential with a large central barrier. We include all the on-site boson-boson, fermion-fermion and boson-fermion repulsive contact potential represented by delta-function and considered bosonic and fermionic isotopes of ytterbium(Yb) 170 Yb and 171 Yb respectively. By means of this approximation, we find that in the regime λ BF > λ BB give rise to a immiscible phase and in the regime λ BB ≥ λ BF give rise to a miscible phase, that is characteriz

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SCAROLA, V. W., S. Y. LEE, and J. K. JAIN. "POSSIBLE NEW PHASES OF COMPOSITE FERMIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 20n22 (2002): 2946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202013262.

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When the effective filling factor of composite fermions is an integer, the residual interaction between them can often be neglected because the ground state of the non-interacting model is unique and incompressible. However, at non-integer composite fermion (CF) filling factors the ground state of composite fermions is enormously degenerate if the interaction between them is neglected, and consideration of the inter composite fermion interaction is necessary for determining the true ground state. In this article, we summarize certain results regarding what new states the inter composite fermio

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33

Bennett, Ed, Jack Holligan, Deog Ki Hong, et al. "Sp(2N) Lattice Gauge Theories and Extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics." Universe 9, no. 5 (2023): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9050236.

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We review the current status of the long-term programme of numerical investigation of Sp(2N) gauge theories with and without fermionic matter content. We start by introducing the phenomenological as well as theoretical motivations for this research programme, which are related to composite Higgs models, models of partial top compositeness, dark matter models, and in general to the physics of strongly coupled theories and their approach to the large-N limit. We summarise the results of lattice studies conducted so far in the Sp(2N) Yang–Mills theories, measuring the string tension, the mass spe

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EBERT, D., V. CH ZHUKOVSKY, and A. V. TYUKOV. "DYNAMICAL FERMION MASSES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF KALUZA–KLEIN FERMIONS AND A BULK ABELIAN GAUGE FIELD." Modern Physics Letters A 25, no. 35 (2010): 2933–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732310034249.

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The dynamical fermion mass generation on the 3-brane in the 5D spacetime is discussed in a model with bulk fermions in interaction with fermions on the branes assuming the presence of a constant Abelian gauge field A5 in the bulk. We calculate the effective potential as a function of the fermion masses and the gauge field A5. The masses can be found from the stationarity condition for the effective potential (the gap equation). We formulate the equation for the mass spectrum of the 4D-fermions. The phases with finite and vanishing fermion masses are studied and the dependence of the masses on

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KHVIENGIA, Z., and V. F. TOKAREV. "CIRCUMSTANCES OF FERMION FRACTIONIZATION IN HIGH DENSITY FERMI GAS." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 23 (1992): 2143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392001889.

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We consider a (3 + 1)-dimensional SU(2)-gauge theory which is known to possess the fractional fermions. These are the monopoles. We compute the fermion number of a monopole in the dense Fermi gas and find the conditions under which fermions decay into the monopoles.

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36

Butt, Nouman, Simon Catterall, and Goksu Can Toga. "Symmetric Mass Generation in Lattice Gauge Theory." Symmetry 13, no. 12 (2021): 2276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13122276.

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We construct a four-dimensional lattice gauge theory in which fermions acquire mass without breaking symmetries as a result of gauge interactions. Our model consists of reduced staggered fermions transforming in the bifundamental representation of an SU(2)×SU(2) gauge symmetry. This fermion representation ensures that single-site bilinear mass terms vanish identically. A symmetric four-fermion operator is however allowed, and we give numerical results that show that a condensate of this operator develops in the vacuum.

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37

Jakovác, Antal, and András Patkós. "Bound states in functional renormalization group." International Journal of Modern Physics A 34, no. 27 (2019): 1950154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x19501549.

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Equivalence criteria are established for an effective Yukawa-type theory of composite fields representing two-particle fermion bound states with the original “microscopic” theory of interacting fermions based on the spectral decomposition of the 2-to-2 fermion scattering amplitude. Functional renormalization group equations of the effective theory are derived exploiting relations expressing the equivalence. The effect of truncating the spectral decomposition is investigated quantitatively on the example of the nonrelativistic bound states of two oppositely charged fermions.

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38

Capitani, Stefano, Giulia Maria de Divitiis, Petros Dimopoulos, et al. "Testing a non-perturbative mechanism for elementary fermion mass generation: lattice setup." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 08009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817508009.

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In this contribution we lay down a lattice setup that allows for the nonperturbative study of a field theoretical model where a SU(2) fermion doublet, subjected to non-Abelian gauge interactions, is also coupled to a complex scalar field doublet via a Yukawa and an “irrelevant” Wilson-like term. Using naive fermions in quenched approximation and based on the renormalizedWard identities induced by purely fermionic chiral transformations, lattice observables are discussed that enable: a) in theWigner phase, the determinations of the critical Yukawa coupling value where the purely fermionic chira

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Huang, Bo-Jie, and Chyh-Hong Chern. "Nonrelativistic fermionic energy gap in the nonabelian gauge systems." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 15 (2017): 1750126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501260.

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We demonstrate that the nonrelativistic fermions open the energy gap when the SU([Formula: see text]) gauge bosons, mediating the interaction between fermions, acquire the mass. Surprisingly, even though there is the SU([Formula: see text]) gauge symmetry, there is always one fermionic energy gap which is not degenerate to the rest of the [Formula: see text] fermions for [Formula: see text] in the fundamental representation.

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KOLEY, RATNA, and SAYAN KAR. "BULK PHANTOM FIELDS, INCREASING WARP FACTORS AND FERMION LOCALIZATION." Modern Physics Letters A 20, no. 05 (2005): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732305015586.

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A bulk phantom scalar field (with negative kinetic energy) in a sine–Gordon type potential is used to generate an exact thick brane solution with an increasing warp factor. It is shown that the growing nature of the warp factor allows the localization of massive as well as massless spin-1/2 fermions on the brane even without any additional non-gravitational interactions. The exact solutions for the localized massive fermionic modes are presented and discussed. The inclusion of a fermion–scalar Yukawa coupling appears to change the mass spectrum and wave functions of the localized fermion thoug

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Dajka, Jerzy. "Currents in a Quantum Nanoring Controlled by Non-Classical Electromagnetic Field." Entropy 23, no. 6 (2021): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23060652.

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Quantum ring accommodating interacting spin-less fermions threaded by magnetic flux with a non-classical component added to a static, inducing persistent current, is considered. It is investigated how current flowing in the ring becomes affected by a state of non-classical flux and how Coulomb interaction between fermions influences entanglement of quantum ring and the driving field. In particular it is shown that in an absence of decoherence and under certain conditions fermion–fermion interaction is necessary for a ring–field entanglement to occur.

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ROMBOUTS, S., D. VAN NECK, K. PEIRS, and L. POLLET. "MAXIMUM OCCUPATION NUMBER FOR COMPOSITE BOSON STATES." Modern Physics Letters A 17, no. 29 (2002): 1899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732302008411.

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One of the major differences between fermions and bosons is that fermionic states have a maximum occupation number of one, whereas the occupation number for bosonic states is in principle unlimited. For bosons that are made up of fermions, one could ask the question to what extent the Pauli principle for the constituent fermions would limit the boson occupation number. Intuitively one can expect the maximum occupation number to be proportional to the available volume for the bosons divided by the volume occupied by the fermions inside one boson, though a rigorous derivation of this result has

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RAEDT, H. DE, and W. VON DER LINDEN. "MONTE CARLO DIAGONALIZATION OF VERY LARGE MATRICES: APPLICATION TO FERMION SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 03, no. 01 (1992): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183192000087.

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All known Quantum-Monte-Carlo algorithms for fermions suffer from the so-called “minus-sign-problem” which is detrimental to the application of these simulation methods to fermion systems at very low temperatures and/or of very many lattice sites. We identify the origin of this fundamental problem, demonstrate that it is a very general feature, not necessarily related to the presence of fermionic degrees of freedom. We describe an novel algorithm which does not suffer from the minus-sign problem. Illustrative results for the two-dimensional Hubbard model are presented

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GAMBOA SARAVÍ, R. E., G. L. ROSSINI та F. A. SCHAPOSNIK. "THE ζ FUNCTION ANSWER TO PARITY VIOLATION IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL GAUGE THEORIES". International Journal of Modern Physics A 11, № 15 (1996): 2643–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x96001279.

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We study parity violation in (2+1)-dimensional gauge theories coupled to massive fermions. Using the ζ function regularization approach we evaluate the ground state fermion current in an arbitrary gauge field background, showing that it gets two different contributions which violate parity invariance and induce a Chern–Simons term in the gauge field effective action. One is related to the well-known classical parity breaking produced by a fermion mass term in three dimensions; the other, already present for massless fermions, is related to peculiarities of gauge-invariant regularization in odd

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Ravindranath, Vikram, Zhi-Cheng Yang, and Xiao Chen. "Free fermions under adaptive quantum dynamics." Quantum 9 (April 3, 2025): 1685. https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-04-03-1685.

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We study free fermion systems under adaptive quantum dynamics consisting of unitary gates and projective measurements followed by corrective unitary operations. We further introduce a classical flag for each site, allowing for an active or inactive status which determines whether or not the unitary gates are allowed to apply. In this dynamics, the individual quantum trajectories exhibit a measurement-induced entanglement transition from critical to area-law scaling above a critical measurement rate, similar to previously studied models of free fermions under continuous monitoring. Furthermore,

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Lian, Biao, Xiao-Qi Sun, Abolhassan Vaezi, Xiao-Liang Qi, and Shou-Cheng Zhang. "Topological quantum computation based on chiral Majorana fermions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 43 (2018): 10938–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810003115.

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The chiral Majorana fermion is a massless self-conjugate fermion which can arise as the edge state of certain 2D topological matters. It has been theoretically predicted and experimentally observed in a hybrid device of a quantum anomalous Hall insulator and a conventional superconductor. Its closely related cousin, the Majorana zero mode in the bulk of the corresponding topological matter, is known to be applicable in topological quantum computations. Here we show that the propagation of chiral Majorana fermions leads to the same unitary transformation as that in the braiding of Majorana zero

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Jain, J. K., and R. K. Kamilla. "Composite Fermions in the Hilbert Space of the Lowest Electronic Landau Level." International Journal of Modern Physics B 11, no. 22 (1997): 2621–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979297001301.

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Single particle basis functions for composite fermions are obtained from which many-composite fermion states confined to the lowest electronic Landau level can be constructed in the standard manner, i.e. by building Slater determinants. This representation enables a Monte Carlo study of systems containing a large number of composite fermions, yielding new quantitative and qualitative information. The ground state energy and the gaps to charged and neutral excitations are computed for a number of fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) states, earlier off-limits to a quantitative investigation. T

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Adler, Stephen L. "SU(8) family unification with boson–fermion balance." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 22 (2014): 1450130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14501309.

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We formulate an SU(8) family unification model motivated by requiring that the theory should incorporate the graviton, gravitinos, and the fermions and gauge fields of the standard model, with boson–fermion balance. Gauge field SU(8) anomalies cancel between the gravitinos and spin ½ fermions. The 56 of scalars breaks SU(8) to SU(3) family × SU(5) × U(1)/Z5, with the fermion representation content needed for "flipped" SU(5) with three families, and with residual scalars in the 10 and [Formula: see text] representations that break flipped SU(5) to the standard model. Dynamical symmetry breaking

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Shifman, M., and A. Yung. "Index theorem for non-supersymmetric fermions coupled to a non-Abelian string and electric charge quantization." Modern Physics Letters A 33, no. 09 (2018): 1850053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732318500530.

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Non-Abelian strings are considered in non-supersymmetric theories with fermions in various appropriate representations of the gauge group U[Formula: see text]. We derive the electric charge quantization conditions and the index theorems counting fermion zero modes in the string background both for the left-handed and right-handed fermions. In both cases we observe a non-trivial [Formula: see text] dependence.

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KIKUKAWA, YOSHIO. "CHIRAL SYMMETRY AND OPERATOR MIXING IN LATTICE SU(N) THIRRING MODEL WITH SHIFT SYMMETRY." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 10 (1992): 871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392003517.

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We formulate lattice SU (N) Thirring model in which two Wilson fermions describe the respective left- and right-handed components of the Dirac fermion in the continuum model. Only chirally projected half components of the Wilson fermions have four-fermion interaction. As to their non-interacting components, there exist shift symmetries discussed by Golterman and Petcher. Axial U (1) Ward-Takahashi identity is examined by weak coupling expansion. It is shown in all orders of the weak coupling expansion that the chiral limit is achieved by simply setting fermion bare mass equal to zero, and that

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