Academic literature on the topic 'Ferralsols'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ferralsols"
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Hartemink, Alfred E., J. F. Osborne, and Ph A. Kips. "Soil Fertility Decline and Fallow Effects in Ferralsols and Acrisols of Sisal Plantations in Tanzania." Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 2 (April 1996): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700026089.
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SUMMARYSoil fertility decline and fallow effects were studied in Ferralsol-Acrisol catenas of plantations of sisal (Agave sisalana) in north-east Tanzania. The fertility of Ferralsols that had been subject to continuous sisal cultivation in the absence of fertilizers was extremely low but that of Ferralsols that had been under 18 years of bush fallow or under secondary forest was slightly better. Acrisols that had been under continuous sisal cultivation were less depleted than the Ferralsols because of greater intrinsic fertility. A comparison of soil analytical data from the 1950s and 1960s with recent data from the same sisal fields showed that the topsoil pH of the Ferralsols had decreased by 1.5 (r2 = 0.807) and that of the Acrisols by 1.2 (r2 = 0.494) under continuous sisal cultivation. Thus there had been a serious decline in soil fertility under sisal cultivation, and this decline was not adequately reversed by fallowing.
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Karuku, George N., and Benson O. Mochoge. "Nitrogen Mineralization Potential (No) in Three Kenyan Soils, Nitisols, Ferralsols and Luvisols." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 4 (March 5, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n4p69.
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Nitrogen mineralization potential is important so as to prevent over-fertilization that could lead to groundwater contamination or under-fertilization that could lead to poor nutrient provision by crops leading to low yields. Three soil types were selected on the basis of groups, agro-ecological zone, organic matter content and land use. The soil samples were taken from the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth. The samples were placed in incubation bags, water added to field capacity, sealed and incubated in laboratory at room temperature. The bags were opened at intervals of two weeks and soil sub-samples taken for analysis of mineral N for a period of 17 weeks. The calculated mineralizable N was 138.8 μg N and 116.4 μg N/g for Gituamba andosols, 46.0 μg N and 46.4 μg N/g for Kitale ferralsol and 260.1 μg N and 197.3 μg N/g soil for Katumani luvisols in the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth, respectively. These calculated values compared well with the actual cumulative mineralizable N for Gituamba andosols at 127 μg N and 74.1 μg N/g, for Kitale ferralsols at 48.0 μg N and 64.1 μg N/g and for Katumani 80.6 μg N and 47.7 μg N/g soil in the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth, respectively. The time taken for 50% of potentially mineralizable N to be mineralized (t½) ranged from 6.3 weeks for Katumani luvisols 15-30 cm to 30.1 weeks for Kitale ferralsols 0-15 cm soil depths. The soils with highest rate constant (k) had the least. For example, 15-30 cm depth of Katumani luvisols with of 6.3 weeks had the highest k of 0.112 week-1 compared with Kitale ferralsols 0-15 cm depth with t½ of 30.1 weeks and the lowest k of 0.023 week-1. The observed data indicates that 50% of N would be mineralized in all the soil types with the exception of Kitale ferralsols (0-15 cm depth) within the growing period of the crops which is approximately 20 weeks.
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Freycon, Vincent, Christelle Wonkam, Adeline Fayolle, Jean-Paul Laclau, Eric Lucot, Christophe Jourdan, Guillaume Cornu, and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury. "Tree roots can penetrate deeply in African semi-deciduous rain forests: evidence from two common soil types." Journal of Tropical Ecology 31, no. 1 (December 8, 2014): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467414000595.
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Abstract:Despite the important functional role of deep roots in withdrawing water during drought, direct measurements of root distribution are very rare in tropical rain forests. The aim of this study was to investigate the root distribution of Entandrophragma cylindricum, a common tree species in the Central African semi-deciduous rain forest, in Ferralsols and Arenosols. We dug two pits to a depth of 6 m in Ferralsols and two pits to a depth of 3 m in Arenosols, close to E. cylindricum trees. The vertical soil profiles were divided into 10 × 10-cm grid cells and the roots counted were distributed in three diameter classes. We fitted a root distribution model to our dataset. We found that vertical root distribution was shallower in Arenosols than in Ferralsols. Root penetration was not stopped even by a Ferralsol with high gravel content in its subsoil. Overall, our measurements showed that 95% of all roots were distributed to depths of between 258 and 564 cm from the soil surface, which is much deeper than the 95 cm depth previously reported in the literature for tropical rain forests. As sampling depth could explain this discrepancy, we recommend a sampling depth of at least 3–5 m to accurately estimate root distribution. The drier the dry season, the deeper the sampling depth should be. Our results are consistent with global models of root distribution in forest ecosystems, which are driven by climate variables. We thus suggest that deep rooting could be common in rain forests with a marked dry season.
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Dubus, I. G., and T. Becquer. "Phosphorus sorption and desorption in oxide-rich Ferralsols of New Caledonia." Soil Research 39, no. 2 (2001): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr00003.
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Phosphorus (P) availability in soils is one of the main limiting factors for crop production in Ferralsols that contain high amounts of aluminium and iron oxides. Highly weathered Geric Ferralsols cover large surface areas of south Pacific islands, some of which are required for agricultural development. Sorption and desorption of P in Geric Ferralsols of the island of Maré (New Caledonia) were investigated. The soils contain large quantities of oxides, especially of aluminium. The clay fraction consisted exclusively of fine, discrete oxide particles. Both Freundlich and Langmuir equations provided a good fit to the data for equilibrium P concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 850 mg P/L. The extremely high P sorption capacities of New Caledonian Geric Ferralsols were exemplified by the large Langmuir sorption maxima which ranged from 6400 to 9250 mg P/kg. A strong negative correlation between P sorption and organic matter was noted, resulting in a larger P availability in topsoils. This relationship can be used to provide a first assessment of P sorption capacities of Geric Ferralsols across the island. Management of organic matter is likely to be of major importance in the control of P availability in Geric Ferralsols of south Pacific islands.
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Bellè, Severin-Luca, Jean Riotte, Norman Backhaus, Muddu Sekhar, Pascal Jouquet, and Samuel Abiven. "Tailor-made biochar systems: Interdisciplinary evaluations of ecosystem services and farmer livelihoods in tropical agro-ecosystems." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): e0263302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263302.
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Organic matter management is key to sustain ecosystem services provided by soils. However, it is rarely considered in a holistic view, considering local resources, agro-environmental effects and harmonization with farmers’ needs. Organic inputs, like compost and biochar, could represent a sustainable solution to massive current challenges associated to the intensification of agriculture, in particular for tropical regions. Here we assess the potential of agricultural residues as a resource for farmer communities in southwestern India to reduce their dependency on external inputs and sustain ecosystem services. We propose a novel joint evaluation of farmers’ aspirations together with agro-environmental effects of organic inputs on soils. Our soil quality evaluation showed that biochar alone or with compost did not improve unilaterally soils in the tropics (Anthroposol, Ferralsol and Vertisol). Many organic inputs led to an initial decrease in water-holding capacities of control soils (-27.3%: coconut shell biochar with compost on Anthroposol). Responses to organic matter inputs for carbon were strongest for Ferralsols (+33.4% with rice husk biochar), and mostly positive for Anthroposols and Vertisols (+12.5% to +13.8% respectively). Soil pH responses were surprisingly negative for Ferralsols and only positive if biochar was applied alone (between -5.6% to +1.9%). For Anthroposols and Vertisols, highest increases were achieved with rice husk biochar + vermicomposts (+7.2% and +5.2% respectively). Our socio-economic evaluation showed that farmers with a stronger economical position showed greater interest towards technology like biochar (factor 1.3 to 1.6 higher for farmers cultivating Anthroposols and/or Vertisols compared to Ferralsols), while poorer farmers more skepticism, which may lead to an increased economical gap within rural communities if technologies are not implemented with long-term guidance. These results advocate for an interdisciplinary evaluation of agricultural technology prior to its implementation as a development tool in the field.
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Lopes, Thaís Cristina de Souza, Jeane Cruz Portela, Rafael Oliveira Batista, Diego José da Costa Bandeira, Isaque de Oliveira Leite, Luirla Bento Ramalho, Joaquim Emanuel Fernandes Gondim, et al. "Clay Fraction Mineralogy and Structural Soil Attributes of Two Soil Classes under the Semi-Arid Climate of Brazil." Land 11, no. 12 (December 3, 2022): 2192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122192.
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Mineralogical studies are incipient and necessary in the Apodi Plateau, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the interrelationship between the mineralogy of the clay fraction and its structural and chemical attributes and to differentiate two important pedo-environments in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil (Ferralsol and Cambisols of the Apodi Plateau-RN) using the multivariate technique. We evaluated the interrelationships between mineralogy and the structural and chemical attributes of the soil and differentiated between agroenvironments. We collected soil samples from six profiles in diagnostic horizons of the Ferralsols and Cambisols. In the mineralogical analysis of the clay fraction, X-Ray Diffraction was used to identify mineral peaks of clay and iron oxides. The physical and chemical properties of the soils were determined. The multivariate statistical technique was applied to process the data. The clay minerals identified were hematite, goethite, kaolinite, and illite. The principal component analysis allowed for the separation of environments according to soil density, Fed and Mg2+ for developed soils, and potassium, weighted average diameter, microporosity, total organic carbon, sodium, the sum of bases, calcium, total porosity, aeration, potential acidity, and Feo discriminated developing soils. This study revealed that the clay fraction influenced the structural attributes of the soil according to the degree of soil development. Two profiles presented atypical situations: High contents of crystallized iron in Cambisols and illite peaks in Ferralsolos. These mineralogical results are not commonly found in the literature, highlighting the potential for further studies. The answers concerning the mineralogy of semiarid soils in Brazil and the world show similarity.
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Soumaila, Bakayoko, Brahima Koné, Mosso Kotchi Alex, and Kouakou Conand Honore. "Caracterisation et Renforcement des Proprietes Geotechniques des Briques de Terre avec Rajout de Paille de Riz." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 36 (November 30, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n36p55.
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Les briques de terre stabilisées peuvent être une bonne alternative pour résoudre le problème de logement si les typologies de sol, les horizons de prélèvement de sol et les quantités de liants bon marché comme la paille de riz sont identifiés. Une étude a été réalisée sur les sols prélevés dans l’horizon B de Ferralsols et d’Acrisols ainsi que sur un échantillon de Kaolin ont été utilisés pour les fabrications d’adobe. Les briques de terre crue ont été fabriquées avec différentes proportions de paille de riz (0,2% ; 0,4% ; 0,6% ; 0,8% et 1%) et soumises à des tests de compressibilité et de flexion. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le dosage à 0,4% de paille a été optimal, avec une résistance à la compression de 1,04 - 1,2 N/mm2 pour les Ferrasols prélevés à une profondeur de 113 cm -30 m et 0,21- 0,65N/mm2 pour les Acrisols (74 -122 cm). La proportion optimale de paille était 0,2% pour la flexion (0,01 - 0,06N/mm2) avec une valeur plus élevée (0,06 N/mm2) pour le kaolin issu du Ferralsol plinthic, justifiant cette recommandation pour une meilleure résistance à la flexion. Le Ferrasol Stagnic dosé à 0,4% de paille peut être recommandé pour une meilleure résistance des briques à la compression.
The bricks of soil stabilized may constitute a promising alternative to solve the problem of housing provided that the typologies of soil, sampling horizons and quantities of cheap bonds like rice straw are identified. This study was carried out on the soil samples collected from the B horizon of Ferralsols and Acrisols, as well as on a sample of Kaolin used to manufacture Adobe. Mud bricks were made with different proportion of rice straw (0.2% ; 0.4% ; 0.6% ; 0.8% and 1%), and subjected to compressibility and flexion tests. The results showed that the 0.4% straw backing is optimal, it gives a compressive strength of 1.04 – 1.2 for Ferralsols collected at the depth of 113 cm - 30 m and 0.21 – 0.65N/mm2 in Acrisols (74 - 122 cm). The optimal straw proportion was 0.2% for Kaolin from Ferrasol Plinthic, supporting this recommendation for bending resistance. Ferrasol Plinthic with 0.4% straw may be recommended for a better resistance of the bricks to compression.
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Cunha, Tony Jarbas Ferreira, Beata Emoke Madari, Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas, Lucedino Paixão Ribeiro, Vinicius de Melo Benites, and Gabriel de Araújo Santos. "Soil organic matter and fertility of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio) in the Brazilian Amazon basin." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 33, no. 1 (February 2009): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000100009.
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Fertility properties, total C (Ctot), and chemical soil organic matter fractions (fulvic acid fraction - FA, humic acid fraction - HA, humin fraction - H) of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio) of the Amazon basin were compared with those of Ferralsols with no anthropogenic A horizon. Terra Preta soils had a higher fertility (pH: 5.1-5.4; Sum of bases, SB: 8.93-10.33 cmol c kg-1 , CEC: 17.2-17.5 cmol c kg-1 , V: 51-59 %, P: 116-291 mg kg-1) and Ctot (44.6-44.7 g kg-1) than adjacent Ferralsols (pH: 4.4; SB: 2.04 cmol c kg-1, CEC: 9.5 cmol c kg-1, V: 21 %, P 5 mg kg-1, C: 37.9 g kg-1). The C distribution among humic substance fractions (FA, HA, H) in Terra Preta soils was also different, as shown by the ratios HA:FA and EA/H (EA=HA+FA) (2.1-3.0 and 1.06-1.08 for Terra Preta and 1.2 and 0.72 for Ferralsols, respectively). While the cation exchange capacity (CEC), of Ferralsols correlated with FA (r = 0.97), the CEC of Terra Preta correlated with H (r = 0.82). The correlation of the fertility of Terra Preta with the highly stable soil organic matter fraction (H) is highly significant for the development of sustainable soil fertility management models in tropical ecosystems.
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de Melo, T. R., W. Machado, J. F. de Oliveira, and J. Tavares Filho. "Predicting aggregate stability index in ferralsols." Soil Use and Management 34, no. 4 (October 11, 2018): 545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sum.12453.
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Melo, Thadeu Rodrigues de, Alex Figueiredo, and João Tavares Filho. "Clay behavior following macroaggregate breakdown in Ferralsols." Soil and Tillage Research 207 (March 2021): 104862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104862.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ferralsols"
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Razanamalala, Kanto. "Priming effect : vers un outil de gestion de la fertilité des sols cultivés à Madagascar." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0047/document.
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Le priming effect (PE) est la sur-minéralisation de la matière organique du sol (MOS) après un apport de matière organique fraiche. Ce phénomène serait généré par deux mécanismes distincts, la décomposition stœchiométrique et le « nutrient mining », ayant leur propre dynamique, leurs propres acteurs, leurs propres déterminants et leur propre stock de MO ciblés. Le premier serait plutôt lié à la séquestration de MO dans les sols et l’autre à sa déstabilisation. Comprendre comment piloter l’équilibre entre ces processus à travers les pratiques agricoles, permettrait d’améliorer durablement la fertilité des sols cultivés en milieu tropical dans un contexte de changement climatique. Pour identifier les déterminants, les acteurs et les effets du climat et des pratiques agricoles sur les différents processus générateurs de PE, nous avons combiné la caractérisation physicochimique des sols, la caractérisation des communautés microbiennes et le suivi de la minéralisation des MO par les techniques isotopiques. Ainsi, nous avons pu identifier différentes populations bactériennes et fongiques, associées à chacun des processus, que nous avons classées dans des guildes fonctionnelles. La taille de ces guildes déterminait l’équilibre entre les processus, et était corrélée à la qualité de la MO présente dans le sol. Plus précisément, nous avons montré que le PE stœchiométrique était favorisé dans les sols enrichis en matière organique peu évoluée et en nutriments N et P, entretenant donc une forte communauté de décomposeurs. Ces décomposeurs devaient ainsi limiter l’accès des mineurs à la nouvelle matière organique fraichement apportée et limiter le PE par « nutrient mining ». Sur parcelles agricoles, nos résultats suggéraient que le non labour, l’association légumineuses-céréales, et l’apport de compost favorisaient ces décomposeurs responsables du priming effect stœchiométrique et donc potentiellement la stabilisation durable de la matière organique dans les solsThe priming effect (PE) is the supplementary mineralization of soil organic matter (MOS) after the addition of fresh organic matter. This phenomenon would be generated by two distinct mechanisms, stoichiometric decomposition and "nutrient mining", having their own dynamics, their own actors, their own determinants and their own MO stock targeted. The first would be related to the sequestration of MO in the soil and the other to its destabilization. Understanding how to manage the balance between these processes through agricultural practices, would allow to improve the fertility of soil cultivated in a tropical environment in a context of climate change.To identify the determinants, actors and effects of climate and agricultural practices on the various processes generating PE, we have combined soil physicochemical characterization, characterization of microbial communities and monitoring of mineralization of MO by isotopic techniques. Thus, we were able to identify different bacterial and fungal populations, associated with processes, which we classified in the functional guilds. The size of these guilds determined the balance between the processes, and was correlated with the quality of the MO present in the soil. Specifically, we showed that stoichiometric PE was favored in soils enriched with high quality organic matter and nutrients, N and P, thus maintaining a strong community of decomposers. These decomposers also limit the access of miners to the provided new organic matter hence limiting PE by "nutrient extraction". On agricultural plots, our results suggest that non-tillage, legume-cereal rotations and compost amendments favor these decomposers responsible for the stoichiometric priming effect and thus potentially the long-term stabilization of organic matter in soils
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Ranoarisoa, Mahafaka. "Rôle des interactions bactéries-nématodes bactérivores sur la disponibilité du N et P au sein de la rhizosphère du riz sur sol ferrallitique à Madagascar : mécanismes et facteurs de contrôle." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSAM0002/document.
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Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient (i) d'étudier les mécanismes par lesquels les nématodes bactérivores régulent les flux de nutriments (N et P) dans la rhizosphère du riz pluvial dans un sol ferrallitique de Madagascar, (ii) d'étudier les effets des interactions bactéries – bactérivores sur les fonctions de la plante (croissance et nutrition), et (iii) d'évaluer les principaux facteurs contrôlant la boucle microbienne des sols dans une optique d'intensification. Notre modèle biologique comprenait Acrobeloides sp. (Cephalobidae) et Oryza sativa (Poaceae).Deux voies ont été proposées pour expliquer les effets positifs des bactérivores sur la disponibilité des nutriments et les fonctions de la plante: voie de minéralisation et voie d'exploration. Afin d'identifier l'implication de chaque voie dans les flux de P inorganique à l'interface sol-plante nous avons utilisé le radio-isotope 32P comme traceur. Lorsque le pH du sol est corrigé par l'ajout de dolomie, la présence des nématodes bactérivores améliore la minéralisation nette de P, la production de biomasse et la nutrition de la plante sans modifier la ramification du système racinaire, contrairement à ce qui a été observé par certains auteurs en présence de protistes. En effet, en présence de nématodes et de dolomie, la L-value dans les parties aériennes de la plante augmente de 49%, la biomasse totale de la plante augmente de 22%, et la quantité de P total dans les tissus de la plante augmente de 9%. Ainsi, Acrobeloides sp. stimule le prélèvement de P par la plante via la voie nutritionnelle ou voie de minéralisation.Les effets de Acrobeloides sp. sur les fonctions de la plante sont variables (positives, neutres, négatives), en fonction des pratiques agricoles et des caractéristiques abiotiques du sol. Tout d'abord, ces effets peuvent dépendre de la variété de riz puisque l'attractivité des nématodes Acrobeloides sp. par la rhizosphère du riz varie en fonction des variétés de riz pluvial, plus précisément en fonction de la composition et de la quantité d'exsudats racinaires libérés par la plante. Ensuite, l'activité mutualiste des nématodes est influencée (maximisée) par la présence d'arbres (agroforesterie) dans la parcelle de riz pluvial. En plus des plantes, les paramètres édaphiques étaient des facteurs clés. L'activité mutualiste des nématodes est fortement limitée par le pouvoir fixateur des Ferralsols. Ainsi, l'ajout de dolomie limite la capacité de sorption de P du sol et améliore l'activité mutualiste des nématodes bactérivores. Enfin, l'activité mutualiste des nématodes sur la croissance et la nutrition du riz pluvial est favorisée par les valeurs élevées de pH et de teneur en Mg dans le sol. Pour conclure nous avons trouvé qu'il est possible d'intensifier l'activité mutualiste des nématodes bactérivores dans un sol tropical pauvre à travers des pratiques agricoles spécifiques (gestion des sols, agroforesterie)Using Acrobeloides sp. (Cephalobidae) and Oryza sativa (Poaceae), we aimed at (i) studying the effects of bacterivorous nematodes on plant functions growing in a nutrient-poor soil in Madagascar, (ii) testing the mechanisms involved in the mutualistic activity of the bacterivorous nematodes in a strong P-depleted Ferralsol from the highlands of Madagascar, and (iii) identifying the agronomic and edaphic factors that can drive the soil microbial loop.Two pathways have been proposed to explain the positive effects of bacterial-feeders on nutrients availability and plant functions: mineralization pathway and exploration pathway. In order to test the involvement of each pathway in the mutualistic activity of bacterivorous nematodes, we assessed the effect of nematodes inoculation on inorganic P flows from soil to plant using the 32P labelling technique. When the soil pH was corrected with dolomite lime, we showed that the presence of Acrobeloides sp. improved net P mineralization and plant (Oryza sativa) functions (growth and nutrition) but did not alter lateral root growth as protists do. Indeed, in the presence of nematodes and dolomite, the shoot L-value increased by 49%, the plant total biomass increased by 22% and the plant total P amount increased by 9%. Thus, Acrobeloides sp. increased plant P uptake through the "nutritional" or "mineralization" pathway.The effects of Acrobeloides sp. on Oryza sativa functions were variable (positive, neutral or negative) according to agricultural practices and soil abiotic variables. First, these effects may depend on the rice cultivar used in the experiment. Indeed, the nematodes attractancy to root-adhering soils varied according to upland rice cultivar, probably according to the amount and composition of root exudates. The mutualistic activity of nematodes is also influenced (maximized) by the presence of trees (agroforestry) in the rice field. Besides plants, the abiotic soil parameters were key drivers. The mutualistic activity of nematodes was strongly limited by the ability of Ferralsols to precipitate and chemisorb phosphates. The addition of dolomite lime limited phosphates sorption on soil and enhanced the mutualistic activity of the nematodes. Also, the high values of soil pH and Mg content tended to increase the mutualistic activity of the bacterivorous nematodes on rice growth and nutrition. To conclude, we found that it is possible to drive the mutualistic activity of bacterivorous nematodes in poor tropical soils through specific soil and agricultural practices
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BALBINO, LUIZ CARLOS. "Evolution de la structure et des proprietes hydrauliques dans des ferralsols mis en prairie paturee (cerrado, bresil)." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAP0033.
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L'objectif est d'etudier l'evolution des proprietes physiques de ferralsols du cerrado lorsqu'ils sont mis en culture. Deux sites ont ete selectionnes et pour chacun d'eux, un sol sous vegetation naturelle et un sol sous prairie artificielle a faible productivite. Les sols sont de texture argilo-sableuse et argileuse. Ils presentent une microstructure tres developpee composee de microagregats de 50 a 300 m qui sont attribues a l'activite des termites. Juxtaposes a ces microagregats, d'autres agregats de plus grande taille de 500 a 1000 m, sont frequemment assembles en volumes compacts de 2 a 20 mm. Ces volumes compacts ont ete attribues a des turricules de vers geophages. L'analyse de la porosite a partir des mesures de densite apparente et de la porosimetrie au mercure a permis de quantifier la diminution de porosite associee a cette evolution structurale. Les resultats indiquent que les microagregats ne sont pas des edifices rigides lors de la dessiccation et mettent en evidence le role significatif de la matiere organique dans ce comportement. L'analyse de la litterature montre qu'il existe une relation tres generale entre la quantite d'argile et le volume poral au sein des microagregats des ferralsols. Les proprietes de retention en eau sont fortement affectees apres la mise en prairie paturee et cette evolution est etroitement liee a l'evolution de la structure, en particulier avec l'envahissement des 40 cm superieurs du sol sous paturage par de tres nombreux volumes compacts correspondant a des turricules. Sur le plan methodologique, la methode par evaporation surestime les valeurs de conductivite hydraulique a l'etat sature par rapport a celles qui sont mesurees directement. Les resultats revelent aussi que la conductivite hydraulique a saturation serait en relation avec les pores de diametre equivalent superieur a 100 m. La conductivite hydraulique calculee a 50 et 900 hpa apparait en revanche etre liee au developpement de la microagregation.
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Tarumoto, Miriam Büchler. "Basalt rock in sugarcane grown in Ferralsols : Changes in crop yield and in soil chemistry, mineralogy, and microbiology /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183479.
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Orientador: Carlos Alexandre Costa CrusciolBanca: Fernando Dini Andreote
Banca: Heitor Cantarella
Banca: Antonio Carlos de Azevedo
Banca: Eder de Souza Martins
Resumo: Since the sugarcane production mostly in highly weathered Brazilian soils, an alternative to increasing its yields, renewing these soils is required. Remineralization consists in add milled rock into the soils, as a soil conditioner, providing some minerals and elements. Besides the low cost, the consequences of their application are not totally elucidated. Therefore, the hypothesis of this study include the basalt rock dust treatment can improve the sugarcane yield, soil and plant chemical attributes; basalt rock dust increases the microbial index of soil quality; the rock application change microbial communities in the soil; and the rock weathering change the soil mineralogy. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects basalt rock dust application on sugarcane crops its consequences in soil mineralogy and microbiology. Despite not consistent to the four areas, basalt rock dust treatment can improve the sugarcane yield, soil chemical attributes, and microbial index of soil quality but a little is noticed in plant chemical attributes. The microbial diversity was not the same to the four areas, but it can be more related to geographical patterns than rock application, even with a little shift occurring, it cannot be attributed to the treatment. Weathering signals were noticed but there are two questionable points: the time to occur this weathering, may be quicker than it was thought, and the amount of weathered minerals. Basalt rock dust application improves sugarcane yield... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Visto o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar principalmente em solos brasileiros altamente intemperizados, é necessária uma alternativa para aumentar essa produção, renovando os solos. A remineralização consiste em adicionar rocha moída nos solos, como um condicionador de solo, fornecendo alguns minerais e elementos, além do baixo custo, as consequências desta aplicação não são totalmente elucidadas. Portanto, a hipótese deste estudo inclui o tratamento do pó de rocha basáltica, que pode melhorar o rendimento da cana-de-açúcar, os atributos químicos do solo e da planta; o pó de rocha de basalto aumenta o índice microbiano de qualidade do solo; a aplicação da rocha altera as comunidades microbianas no solo; e o intemperismo das rochas altera a mineralogia do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de pó de rocha de basalto na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, suas consequências na mineralogia e na microbiologia do solo. Apesar de não ser consistente com as quatro áreas, o tratamento de pó de rocha de basalto pode melhorar o rendimento da cana-de-açúcar, os atributos químicos do solo e o índice microbiano de qualidade do solo, mas pouco é notado nos atributos químicos da planta. A diversidade microbiana não foi a mesma para as quatro áreas, mas pode estar mais relacionada aos padrões geográficos do que à aplicação da rocha, mesmo com uma pequena mudança ocorrendo, não pode ser atribuída ao tratamento. Sinais de intemperismo foram notados, mas há dois pontos questionáveis: o tempo para ocorrer este intemperismo, pode ser mais rápido do que se pensava, e a quantidade de minerais intemperizados nesse tempo. A aplicação de pó de rocha de basalto melhora o rendimento da cana-de-açúcar, destacando-se suas mudanças mineralógicas no solo e não causa danos à diversidade microbiana do solo. A atividade microbiana e as pistas da microbiologia do solo ...
Doutor
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Mulenga, Peter Chikombo. "Effects of applied micronutrients and liming on grain yield and plant composition on three ferralsols on North-Western Zambia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301213.
Full textAbstract:
Review of the literature suggested possible deficiencies of micronutrients in soils of North Western Zambia. Soil analysis, pot and field experiments were employed to investigate possible deficiencies. The pot experiments investigated how raising soil pH through liming influenced extractable micronutrients and their uptake by plants. Plant Mo and Ca were positively correlated with soil pH, while Mn and Zn were inversely correlated, aggravating the zinc inadequacy on all soils and that for Mn on arenosols. Effects of liming on plant uptakes of micronutrients generally followed the same trends as those on soil extraction. Incubating the soil under grass house conditions was found to influence amounts of extractable micronutrients, increasing most times above their levels before the soil was incubated. Field experiments generally showed that applying micronutrients were beneficial to crop yield only at some sites. Grain yield variables responded variously and were most significantly correlated with overall grain yield. Soil analysis usefully predicted deficiencies of Zn for both maize and soybean. However, predictions for B and Mo were ideal for soybean than maize. Cu also seemed to have been wrongly predicted for soybean. However, plant nutrient concentration was better at predicting nutrient status in relation to grain yield, but the lower limits of the suggested optimal concentration ranges may need to be worked out again. Soybean was found to have more micronutrient latent deficiencies at majority of the sites than maize. One of the characteristics of applied micronutrients was their beneficial residual effects of crop yield. The residual benefit was also noticed on maize when the fertilisers were directly applied to soybeans a season before, suggesting a possibility of crop rotation, thus spreading the costs. Results would suggest changing the current fertiliser recommendations in the region.
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Volland-Tuduri, Nathalie. "Nature et mode d'assemblage des constituants minéraux et organiques dans des Ferralsols de la région des Cerrados (Brésil). Evolution après mise en culture." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009347.
Full textAbstract:
Les Ferralsols se caractérisent par une microstructure très développée dont dépend étroitement leur fertilité. Cette microstructure repose sur des microagrégats très stables, de 50 à 800 µm de diamètre. Sous végétation naturelle comme sous pâturage, la densité apparente des sols, la taille et le mode d'assemblage des microagrégats, ainsi que la caractérisation de la matière organique, ont permis de mettre en évidence d'importantes variations avec la profondeur. Nous avons établi une typologie du mode d'assemblage des microagrégats ainsi qu'un modèle mettant en relation structure et porosité. La matière organique se singularise, en pyrolyse, par une composante de haute température, d'origine conjecturale, mais très probablement due à un effet de matrice minérale. L'ensemble des variations observées ne peuvent a priori s'expliquer par des différences d'usage du sol, mais plutôt grâce à l'activité des insectes sociaux qui sont vraisemblablement à l'origine des microagrégats.
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Volland-Tuduri, Nathalie. "Nature et mode d'assemblage des constituants minéraux et organiques dans des Ferralsols de la région des Cerrados (Brésil) : évolution après mise en culture." Orléans, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009347.
Full textAbstract:
Les Ferralsols se caractérisent par une microstructure très développée dont dépend étroitement leur fertilité. Cette microstructure repose sur des microagrégats très stables, de 50 à 800 µm de diamètre. Sous végétation naturelle comme sous pâturage, la densité apparente des sols, la taille et le mode d'assemblage des microagrégats, ainsi que la caractérisation de la matière organique, ont permis de mettre en évidence d'importantes variations avec la profondeur. Nous avons établi une typologie du mode d'assemblage des microagrégats ainsi qu'un modèle mettant en relation structure et porosité. La matière organique se singularise, en pyrolyse, par une composante de haute température, d'origine conjecturale, mais très probablement due à un effet de matrice minérale. L'ensemble des variations observées ne peuvent a priori s'expliquer par des différences d'usage du sol, mais plutôt grâce à l'activité des insectes sociaux qui sont vraisemblablement à l'origine des microagrégats.
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Cesar, Ricardo Gonçalves. "Disposição de sedimentos de dragagem em solos tropicais: avaliação de risco ambiental com base em indicadores pedogeoquímicos e ecotoxicológicos." Niterói, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/1665.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Química. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências-Geoquímica. Niterói, RJ
O presente trabalho trata da avaliação do risco ecológico associado à disposição de sedimentos de dragagem em latossolos e chernossolos, com base em indicadores pedogeoquímicos e ecotoxicológicos. Para tanto, uma amostra de sedimento dragado oriundo do canal do Cunha (Baía de Guanabara-RJ) foi coletada. Estudos preliminares foram conduzidos com uma amostra de lodo de esgoto, de forma a gerar dados-base que subdiassem a adoção de estratégias analíticas com o sedimento dragado. Além da avaliação dos patógenos, foi realizada a caracterização física, química e mineralógica dos materiais. Bioensaios agudos e crônicos com organismos terrestres (minhocas, colêmbolos, enquitreídeos e alface) e aquáticos (microcrustáceos e algas) foram realizados em misturas solo:resíduo. As doses de sedimento (expressas em %) capazes de causar efeitos significativos a 50% dos organismos-teste (CL50 ou CE50) foram estatisticamente estimadas. Os indicadores foram numericamente integrados visando a construção de um índice de risco ecotoxicológico. Os teores de zinco, cobre, chumbo, mercúrio e cromo no sedimento excederam as concentrações estipuladas pela legislação brasileira. As propriedades dos solos estudados desempenharam papel fundamental na redução dos níveis de ecotoxicidade, com especial atenção aos argilominerais 2:1 e aos altos níveis de fertilidade, capazes de atenuar a ecotoxicidade das misturas de Chernossolo. Com o lodo, a reprodução de algas foi o indicador mais sensível (CE50 = 1,61% em Latossolo). Nas misturas de solo:sedimento, a reprodução de algas, a germinação de alface e a imobilidade de microcrustáceos foram os indicadores mais sensíveis, com CE50 em torno de 3,5% em Latossolo. A estimativa numérica do risco revelou níveis maiores de ecotoxicidade para os tratamentos de Chernossolo. Quando os ensaios de reprodução com colêmbolos são excluídos da análise, os riscos são maiores em Latossolo. Tal fato pode estar associado ao fato de que os colêmbolos estão geralmente menos sensíveis à água intertiscial do solo, se comparados aos demais organismos-teste
This work aims to evaluate the environmental risks associated with the disposal of dredged sediments in ferralsols and chernosols, based on pedogeochemical and ecotoxicological indicators. A sample of dredged sediment was collected in the Cunha channel (Guanabara Bay-RJ). Preliminary studies were conducted with a sewage sludge sample (SL), in order to establish analytical estrategies to be adopted in the assays with the sediment. In addition to the pathogens, the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the materials were characterized. Acute and chronic bioassays with terrestrial (earthworms, springtails, enchytraeids and lettuce) and aquatic (micro-crustaceans and algae) organisms were performed in mixtures of residue:solo. The doses of sediment (in %) required to cause significant effects on 50% of the exposed organisms (LC50 or EC50) were statistically estimated. The indicators were numerically integrated to estimate the potential risks, based on the construction of an ecotoxicological risk index. The concentrations of zinc, copper, lead, mercury and chromium in the dredged sediment were higher than the limits established by Brazilian legislation. Soil properties played an important role in the reduction of ecotoxicity levels, especially 2:1 clay minerals and high levels of fertility, which were able to reduce the ecotoxicity levels in chernosol mixtures. The assays with SL revealed that the reprocuction of algae was the most sensible indicator (EC50 = 1.61% in ferralsol). In mixtures of soil:sediment, the reproduction of algae, germination of lettuce and immobility of microcrustaceans were the most sensible indicators (EC50 ~ 3.5% in ferralsol). The numerical estimation of the potential risks demonstrated the occurrence of higher levels of ecotoxicity for the chernosols treatments. When the reproduction assay with springtails was excluded from the analysis, the values of risk were higher for the ferralsol mixtures. Such fact is due to the lower sensibility of springtails to soil pore water, compared to the other testorganisms
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Demenois, Julien. "Quelle influence des symbioses mycorhiziennes et des traits racinaires sur l'érosion des sols tropicaux ? Application à la restauration écologique des écosystèmes forestiers dégradés de Nouvelle-Calédonie sur Ferralsols développés sur substrats ultramafiques." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AGPT0011.
Full textAbstract:
Les écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux représentent près de la moitié de la superficie forestière mondiale. Ces écosystèmes qui fournissent des services fondamentaux pour le bien-être de nos sociétés (e.g. régulation des flux de matières, maintien des sols) sont particulièrement touchés (perte et dégradation des forêts) par les changements globaux. La Nouvelle‐Calédonie, et ses substrats ultramafiques, ne font pas exception à cette tendance. L’activité minière et les feux sont responsables de la régression, de la fragmentation, de la dégradation des forêts et de l’érosion des sols. L’archipel est classé parmi les points chauds de la biodiversité mondiale et la restauration écologique de ces écosystèmes revêt de forts enjeux. L’objectif appliqué de cette thèse est de contribuer à la restauration écologique des forêts de NouvelleCalédonie afin de limiter l’érosion des sols sur substrats ultramafiques, et s’inscrit dans le champ disciplinaire de l’écologie de la restauration. L’objectif scientifique est d’étudier l’influence des symbioses mycorhiziennes et des traits racinaires sur l’érosion des Ferralsols développés sur substrats ultramafiques à travers une approche multi-échelle. Dans la première partie, nous mettons en évidence les caractéristiques floristiques et structurales de communautés végétales sur substrats ultramafiques. Celles-ci laissent présager une expression accrue des traits racinaires des espèces dominantes dans les forêts monodominantes. La place centrale du feu et des cyclones dans la dynamique de succession végétale est également soulignée, tout comme celle des symbioses mycorhiziennes dans le maintien de la monodominance de Nothofagus aequilateralis. Dans la deuxième partie, notre travail permet de suggérer l’existence d’un seuil biotique entre les maquis lignoherbacés dégradés et les maquis ligno-herbacés. Les feux répétés seraient la cause principale du franchissement de ce seuil. L’augmentation de la biomasse végétale constituerait en effet le facteur-clé contribuant à accroître la stabilité des agrégats entre ces deux stades. Ainsi, la protection contre les feux, associée à la promotion des successions végétales à travers l’utilisation d’espèces potentiellement facilitatrices comme Costularia arundinacea pourrait constituer une stratégie efficiente pour limiter l’érosion des Ferralsols. De plus, l’influence des communautés végétales (e.g. composition floristique) et fongiques (e.g. biomasse) sur la stabilité des agrégats est clairement mise en exergue. La troisième partie vise à évaluer la capacité d’espèces végétales, associées à des champignons mycorhiziens, à accroître la stabilité des agrégats, mais aussi à identifier les traits racinaires et les associations mycorhiziennes contribuant à cet accroissement. Dans cette partie, nous mettons en évidence que la combinaison de valeurs élevées des traits racinaires « Root Mass Density – Root Length Density – pourcentage de racines fines » est efficace pour augmenter la stabilité des agrégats. Par ailleurs, l’efficacité de cette combinaison de traits racinaires est accrue par les symbioses mycorhiziennes. Ainsi, des trois espèces végétales évaluées, Costularia arundinacea serait l’espèce-outil la plus efficace pour accroître la stabilité des agrégats. Ce travail a ainsi permis de mettre en évidence l’influence des traits racinaires et des symbioses mycorhiziennes sur la stabilité des agrégats des Ferralsols sur substrats ultramafiques, que ce soit à l’échelle des espèces ou des communautés végétales. A notre connaissance, ces résultats sont les premiers acquis sur ce type de sol. Ces résultats permettent de formuler des propositions en vue de la restauration écologique des milieux forestiers de Nouvelle-Calédonie afin de limiter l’érosion des sols sur substrats ultramafiques, mais aussi d’esquisser de nouvelles pistes de rechercheTropical forest ecosystems cover nearly half of the world's forest area. These ecosystems provide basic services for the well-being of our societies (e.g. regulation of material flows, soil preservation) are particularly affected (loss and degradation of forests) by global changes. New Caledonia, and its ultramafic substrates, is no exception to this trend. Mining and fires are responsible for forest regression, fragmentation, degradation and soil erosion. The archipelago is ranked among the hotspots of global biodiversity and the ecological restoration of these ecosystems is a major challenge. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the ecological restoration of the forests of New Caledonia in order to limit the erosion of soils on ultramafic substrates and is part of the disciplinary field of the ecology of restoration. The scientific objective is to study the influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and root traits on the erosion of Ferralsols developed on ultramafic substrates through a multi-scale approach. In the first part, we highlight the floristic and structural characteristics of plant communities on ultramafic substrates. These suggest an increased expression of the root traits of dominant species in monodominant forests. The central place of fire and cyclones in the dynamics of plant succession is also emphasized, as well as mycorrhizal symbioses in maintaining the monodominance of Nothofagus aequilateralis. In the second part, our work suggests the existence of a biotic threshold between degraded ligno-herbaceous maquis and ligno-herbaceous maquis. Repeated fires would be the main cause of crossing this threshold. The increase in plant biomass would be the key factor contributing to the stability of the aggregates between these two stages. Thus, fire protection combined with the promotion of plant successions through the use of potentially facilitating species such as Costularia arundinacea could be an efficient strategy for limiting erosion of Ferralsols. In addition, the influence of plant (e.g. floristic composition) and fungal communities (e.g. biomass) on the stability of aggregates is clearly highlighted. The third part aims to evaluate the ability of plant species, combined with mycorrhizal fungi, to increase the stability of aggregates, but also to identify root traits and mycorrhizal associations contributing to this increase. In this section, we demonstrate that the combination of high values for “Root Mass Density - Root Length Density – percentage of fine roots” is effective in increasing aggregate stability. Moreover, the efficacy of this combination of root traits is enhanced by mycorrhizal symbiosis. Thus, of the three plant species evaluated, Costularia arundinacea would be the most effective tool species for increasing the stability of aggregates. This work allowed us to highlight the influence of root traits and mycorrhizal symbiosis on the stability of soil aggregates on Ferralsols on ultramafic substrates, at the scale of plant communities or at the level of plant species. To our knowledge, these results are the first to be acquired on this type of soil. These results make it possible to formulate proposals for the ecological restoration of forest ecosystems in New Caledonia in order to limit soil erosion on ultramafic substrates, but also to sketch new avenues of research
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Marques, Flávio Adriano. "Matéria orgânica de Latossolos com horizonte A húmico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-24022010-084403/.
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Latossolos com horizonte A húmico (LH) são solos com importantes reservas de carbono orgânico (CO) em profundidade. Esses solos são comuns nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil, com menor ocorrência no Nordeste. Aspectos da gênese e preservação da matéria orgânica (MO) desses solos não foram completamente entendidos ainda. Particularmente interessantes são os processos responsáveis pelo espessamento (hiperdesenvolvimento) e estabilidade do CO do horizonte húmico. A hipótese de que a MO do horizonte húmico tenha importante contribuição de carbono (C) de origem pirogênica é testada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, portanto, caracterizar quimicamente a MO do horizonte húmico e relacionar os resultados com a gênese e preservação do CO. Oito pedons de diferentes localidades do país (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Santa Catarina e Pernambuco) sob vegetação nativa foram empregados no estudo. Descrições morfológicas e análises de caracterização de rotina dos solos foram realizadas. Além disso, ácidos húmicos (AH) foram extraídos do horizonte húmico e analisados por ressonância magnética nuclear de 13C, enquanto que as frações leves (livre e oclusa), huminas e extratos alcalinos da MO dos mesmos pedons foram analisados através da pirólise. Os pedons possuem feições morfológicas conspícuas, como horizonte A hiperdesenvolvido, variando de 120 cm a 220 cm de espessura, e cores escuras em profundidade. Os horizontes húmicos são argilosos a muitos argilosos, fortemente ácidos e álicos. As formas de CO oxidável com dicromato respondem por 2/3 da reserva de carbono total (CT) do solo. Caulinita foi o principal mineral identificado por difratometria de raios X na fração argila desses indivíduos, seguido por gibbsita e, em alguns pedons, vermiculita com hidroxientrecamadas. Correlações entre atributos do solo e diferentes formas de C oxidável revelaram-se significativas apenas para alumínio pobremente cristalino extraído com oxalato de amônio ácido (r2 = 0,69), que se apresenta como um dos mecanismos de estabilização do C. Os AH apresentam estrutura química distinta entre os pedons e também variam com a profundidade, indicando, sobretudo o efeito do tipo de vegetação. Nos pedons estudados há maior concentração relativa de C alquila em superfície e C O-alquilas e C aromático em subsuperfície. A abundância de C O-alquilas sugere que boa parte da MO do horizonte húmico tem um grau de humificação pouco avançado. Os principais produtos da pirólise das frações leves, extratos alcalinos e huminas são carboidratos, compostos alifáticos e aromáticos, mas em proporções diferentes. As amostras da fração leve livre são mais ricas em resíduos frescos derivados de plantas, com presença de ligninas, enquanto que na fração leve oclusa (FLO) preponderam compostos aromáticos e alifáticos. Os extratos são enriquecidos em compostos de nitrogênio e carboidratos. A hipótese de uma MO altamente recalcitrante, formada predominantemente por produtos da decomposição de carvão foi rejeitada, já que produtos similares a esses foram encontrados apenas na FLO, que tem pouca importância no conteúdo de CT do solo. A estabilização da MO desses LH depende de 14 uma combinação de abundante entrada de biomassa e da atuação de mecanismos que retardam a mineralização da MO, como associações organominerais.Ferralsols with umbric epipedons are soils with important organic carbon (OC) reserves in depth. These soils are common in the Southeast and South regions of Brazil, with fewer occurrences in the Northeast region. Both genesis and organic matter (OM) accumulation aspects of these soils were not completely understood yet. Particularly interesting are the soil processes responsible for thickening (over development) and for OC stability of the umbric horizon. The hypothesis that the OM from umbric epipedon has important pyrogenic carbon (C) contribution is tested. The aim of this work, therefore, was to characterize the chemistry of OM from umbric epipedon and to relate the results with soil genesis and OC preservation. Eigth pedons from different states of Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Pernambuco) under native vegetation were used in the study. Morphological descriptions and routine soil characterization analysis were carried out. Furthermore, humic acids (HA) were extracted from umbric horizon and analyzed by solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, whereas light fractions (free and occluded), humin and alkaline extracts of the OM of the same pedons were analyzed by pyrolysis. The pedons have conspicuous morphological features, such as a developed umbric epipedon, ranging from 120 cm to 220 cm of thickness, and dark colors in depth. The umbric horizons are clayey to heavy clayey, strongly acidic and alic. Dichromate oxidable OC contents account for 2/3 of the total carbon (TC) soil reserve. Kaolinite is the main mineral identified by X ray diffractometry in the clay fraction, followed by gibbsite and vermiculite. Correlations between soil attributes and different forms of oxidable C were significant only for poorly crystalline aluminum forms extracted with oxalate ammonium acid (r2 = 0,69), which could be one of the C stabilization mechanisms. HA shown distinct chemical structures between pedons and also in depth, indicating the effect of the vegetation type. In the studied pedons there are higher relative concentration of alkyl C in surface and O-alkyl C and aromatic C in subsurface. Light fractions, alkaline extracts and humins main pyrolysis products are carbohydrates, aliphatic, and aromatic compounds, but in different proportions. In free light fraction (FLF) fresh residues derived from plants are common, with presence of lignin, whereas in the occluded light fraction (OLF), aromatic and aliphatic compounds predominate. Extracts are enriched in carbohydrates and N compounds. The hypothesis of a highly recalcitrant MO, produced by the fragments of charcoal in partial decomposition has been rejected, since they were found only into OLF, which has little importance in the TC content of soil. The stabilization of organic matter in these Ferralsols depends on a combination of abundant biomass input and the action of mechanisms to retard the mineralization of OM, such as a strong association with clay minerals.
Books on the topic "Ferralsols"
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Eswaran, Hari, and S. W. Buol. International Committee on Oxisols, final report. Washington, D.C: Soil Management Support Services, 1988.
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Pondichéry, Institut français de, ed. Les couvertures ferrallitiques des Ghāts occidentaux en Inde du Sud: Caractères généraux sur l'escarpement et dégradation par hydromorphie sur le revers. Pondichéry: Institut français de Pondichéry, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ferralsols"
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Paz, Carlota Garcia, Teresa Taboada Rodríguez, Valerie M. Behan‐Pelletier, Stuart B. Hill, Pablo Vidal‐Torrado, and Miguel Cooper. "Ferralsols." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 237–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_216.
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Shibata, Makoto. "Ecosystem Processes of Ferralsols and Acrisols in Forest-Soil Systems of Cameroon." In Soils, Ecosystem Processes, and Agricultural Development, 187–206. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56484-3_9.
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Pinheiro, Helena Saraiva Koenow, Waldir de Carvalho, Cesar da Silva Chagas, Lucia Helena Cunha dos Anjos, and Phillip Ray Owens. "Using Soil Depth Functions to Distinguish Dystric from Xanthic Ferralsols in the Landscape." In Progress in Soil Science, 295–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28295-4_19.
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Muñiz, O., J. Molina, S. Quicute, and J. Estevez. "Heavy metal pollution in a rhodic ferralsol of Cuba." In Plant Nutrition, 994–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_484.
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Musinguzi, Patrick, Peter Ebanyat, John S. Tenywa, and Mateete Bekunda. "Sorghum Response to Nitrogen in Organic Carbon-Categorized Ferralsol and Andosol in Uganda." In Just Enough Nitrogen, 187–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_13.
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Serme, Idriss, Korodjouma Ouattara, Isabelle Orokya Traore, Souleymane Ouedraogo, Sansan Youl, Badiori Ouattara, Francois Lompo, P. Michel Sedogo, and Charles Wortmann. "Maize Response to Fertilizer on Ferralsol and Luvisol in the South Sudan Zone of Burkina Faso." In Improving the Profitability, Sustainability and Efficiency of Nutrients Through Site Specific Fertilizer Recommendations in West Africa Agro-Ecosystems, 195–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58792-9_12.
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