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1

Great Britain. Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens. Management and control of viral haemorrhagic fevers. London: Stationery Office, 1997.

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2

Ann, Rinzler Carol, ed. Feed a cold, starve a fever: A dictionary of medical folklore. New York: Facts on File, 1991.

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3

Laccinole, John A. The method: A complete self-help program for the relief of symptoms associated with allergy, headache, stress, asthma. Hacienda Heights, Calif: Walters Pub., 1986.

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4

California. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Health and Human Services. SARS and West Nile virus: Is California ready for emerging public health threats? Sacramento, Calif: Senate Publications, 2004.

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5

Issues, United States Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical. Ethics and ebola: Public health planning and response. Washington, D.C: Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, 2015.

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6

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and the District of Columbia. Responding to the public health threat of West Nile virus: Joint hearing before the Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and the District of Columbia Subcommittee of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, September 24, 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2003.

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7

National Seminar on Dip Management and East Coast Fever-Corridor Disease Control (2nd 1988 Katete, Zambia). Selected papers from the Second National Seminar on Dip Management and East Coast Fever-Corridor Disease Control: Katete Cooperative Training Centre, Katete, Zambia, 26-30 September 1988. Rome, Italy: WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Veterinary Public Health, 1990.

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8

Gredler, G. Gardening with fewer pesticides: Using integrated pest management. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University, Extension Service, 2001.

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9

Farrell, Kathy. Winning the change game: How to implement information systems with fewer headaches and bigger paybacks. Los Angeles: Breakthroughs Enterprises, 1987.

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10

Plummer, Thomas. How to make more money in the fitness industry: "It's time to make more money from fewer members". Monterey, CA: Healthy Learning, 2014.

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11

Office, General Accounting. Hazardous waste: EPA's Superfund program improvements result in fewer stopgap cleanups : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1986.

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12

1946-, Keiter Robert B., and Boyce Mark S, eds. The Greater Yellowstone ecosystem: Redefining America's wilderness heritage. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.

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13

Office, General Accounting. Medicare: Fewer and lower cost beneficiaries with chronic conditions enroll in HMOs : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1997.

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14

A, Mackowiak Philip, ed. Fever: Basic mechanisms and management. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997.

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15

A, Mackowiak Philip, ed. Fever: Basic mechanisms and management. New York: Raven Press, 1991.

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16

Mackowiak, Philip A. Fever: Basic Mechanisms and Management. Raven Pr, 1991.

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17

Bassi, Gabriele, and Roberto Fumagalli. Pathophysiology and management of fever. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0352.

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Core body temperature is strictly regulated by autonomic and behavioural compensatory adaptations and an increase may represent a physiological stereotypical controlled response to septic and inflammatory conditions, or an uncontrolled drop in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory threshold. Fever has been demonstrated to be a potential mechanism of intrinsic resistance against infectious disease playing a pivotal role in the human evolution. High temperature may be detrimental during oxygen delivery-dependent conditions and in a neurological population. Despite this evidence, a definitive conclusion, between the association of fever and the outcome in critically-ill patients, is still lacking. The decision-making strategy in the context of fever management in critical care must be supported by single case assessment. This chapter summarizes the main physiological mechanisms of temperature control that physicians should consider when dealing with fever or deliberate hypothermia and analyses the main evidence in the role of fever in the critically ill in order to help bedside clinical strategy.
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18

Mackowiak, Philip A. Fever: Basic Mechanisms and Management. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1997.

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19

Christian Relief & Development Association (Ethiopia), Ethiopia YaTéna tebaqa ministér, and Addis Ababa University. Faculty of Medicine., eds. Training programme on the management of acute febrile illness. Addis Ababa: Christian Relief & Development Association, 1993.

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20

L, McCarthy Paul, ed. The Evaluation and management of febrile children. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1985.

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21

Katritsis, Demosthenes G., Bernard J. Gersh, and A. John Camm. Rheumatic fever. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685288.003.1838_update_002.

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22

Monograph—Common Infectious Diseases: Fever Management Protocols. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/14182.

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23

Watson, Max, Caroline Lucas, Andrew Hoy, and Jo Wells. Sweating and fever. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199234356.003.0015.

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24

Benedict, Isaac, Kernbaum S, and Burke Michael 1942-, eds. Unexplained fever: A guide to the diagnosis and management of febrile states in medicine, surgery, pediatrics, and subspecialties. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991.

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25

Antar, Annie. Fever of Unknown Origin. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0061.

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This chapter on fever of unknown origin (FUO) begins by clarifying the definition of FUO and continues by listing and describing the major etiologies of FUO, providing guidance on clinical workup and discussing best management practices. Discussion of FUO etiologies emphasizes that most fall under a few categories—rheumatological, infectious, neoplastic, and other. Emergency management of stable, immunocompetent patients with FUO is best when focused on an appropriate diagnostic workup so that a definitive diagnosis can be established and treated with targeted therapy. Antibiotics should not be started in the emergency department for stable, immunocompetent patients with FUO unless the specific etiology is uncovered. This chapter is concise and targeted to the emergency medicine provider who needs to know how best to evaluate and manage the patient with a clinical history consistent with FUO.
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26

Cole, Desmond. CBD Oil for Rheumatic Fever: Alternative Therapy for the Prevention, Management and Treatment of Rheumatic Fever Using CBD OilD. Independently Published, 2019.

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27

Wilson, John W., and Lynn L. Estes. Management of the Febrile Neutropenic Patient. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199797783.003.0120.

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•Fever: Single oral temperature of ≥38.3°C (101°F) or a temperature of ≥38.0°C (100.4°F) for ≥1 hour•Neutropenia: A neutrophil count of <500 cells/mm3 or one that is expected to fall below 500/mm3 over the next 48 hours• Bacteria• Enterobacteriaceae (eg, ...
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28

Filderman, Ronald B. Allergic Rhinitis: Diagnosis and Treatment in Family Practice (Disease Management Series). Grosvenor Books, 1998.

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29

Laccinole, John A. The method: A complete self-help program for the relief of symptoms associated with allergy, headache, stress, asthma. Walters Pub, 1986.

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30

Daniel, Rene, and Catriona M. Harrop, eds. Medical Management of Neurosurgical Patients. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190913779.001.0001.

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Modern management of neurosurgical patients requires close cooperation between neurosurgeons and other specialists. The latter include internists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants. This textbook aims to provide for these professionals a guide to the challenges associated with the medical management of these patients. It gives an overview of neurosurgical operations and procedures, seizure management, and preoperative risk stratification. It further discusses the intricacies of the management of fever, infection, electrolytes, bleeding disorders, and endocrine problems in the context of central nervous system injury. A particular emphasis is placed on the management of pressure injuries, pain management, and physical and occupational therapy, which are critical areas in the care of the neurosurgical patient. Finally, it reviews the types of contributions that palliative care can make to the care of the neurosurgical patient. The book’s objective is to provide a practical tool, and, where appropriate, its chapters include algorithms and tables to increase the efficiency of medical decision-making when caring for these patients.
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31

US GOVERNMENT. Responding to the Public Health Threat of West Nile Virus: Joint Hearing Before the Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and the Distric. Government Printing Office, 2003.

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32

Feld, Leonard G., and John D. Mahan. Succinct Pediatrics: Evaluation and Management for Common and Critical Care. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581109689.

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The all-new Succinct Pediatrics: Evaluation and Management for Common and Critical Care takes a very direct and practical approach to the concerns pediatricians face on a daily basis. The book features a heavy focus on the evaluation and management process of pediatric care, and the process by which physicians will come to the various clinical decisions they make. This attention on medical decision-making (MDM) as well as featured “Levels of Evidence” which rate the various treatment courses, further integrates the practice of evidence-based medicine into daily care. Coverage ranges from abdominal pain and back pain to fever, injuries and rashes, making this an ideal reference for pediatric health care providers.
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33

Mesquita, Emersom C., and Fernando A. Bozza. Diagnosis and management of viral haemorrhagic fevers in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0293.

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In a globalized scenario where widespread international travel allows viral agents to migrate from endemic to non-endemic areas, health care providers and critical care specialists must be able to readily recognize a suspected case of viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF). Early suspicion is pivotal for improving patient outcome and to ensure that appropriate biosafety measures be applied. VHFs are acute febrile illnesses marked by coagulation disorders and organ specific syndromes. VHFs represent a great medical challenge because diseases are associated with a high mortality rate and many VHFs have the potential for person-to-person transmission (Filoviruses, Arenavioruses, and Bunyaviroses). Dengue is the most frequent haemorrhagic viral disease and re-emergent infection in the world and, due to its public health relevance, severe dengue will receive special attention in this chapter. The diagnosis of VHFs is made by detecting specific antibodies, viral antigens (ELISA) and viral nucleic acid (RT-PCR) on blood samples. Supportive care is the cornerstone in the treatment of VHFs. Ribavirin should be started as soon as a case of VHF is suspected and discontinued if a diagnosis of Filovirus or Flavivirus infection is established. Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy is usually implemented to treat co-existing or secondary infections. Antimalarial treatment should also be initiated if a malaria test (thick blood films) is not quickly available and/or reliable and patients travel history is compatible. It is always recommended to apply appropriate biosafety measures and notify local infection control unit and state and national authorities.
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34

Integrated Management Strategy for Arboviral Disease Prevention and Control in the Americas. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275120491.

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In recent years, conditions in the Region of the Americas have been highly favorable for the introduction and spread of arthropod-borne viral infections (arboviral diseases). Although dengue has been circulating for over 400 years, the number of cases reported since the year 2000 represents an unprecedented increase, with four serotypes in circulation. Since that year, 19.6 million cases of dengue have been reported to PAHO/WHO, including more than 800,000 severe cases and over 10,000 deaths. In 2015 and 2016 alone, more than 4.8 million cases were reported, 17,000 of them severe, resulting in 2,000 deaths. Despite a 23% reduction in the dengue case-fatality rate in the last six years (from 0.069% to 0.053%), the continued risk of severe disease and even death poses a serious public health problem in the Americas. Today, arboviruses present an extremely complex and unstable epidemiological situation, given the simultaneous epidemic circulation of three arboviral diseases and the risk that others could become epidemics, for example, Mayaro fever. Countries are aware that this complex situation can only be addressed with a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. The development of IMS-arbovirus is part of a history of technical cooperation between PAHO/WHO and the countries and territories of the Americas. It is based on the lessons learned during the development and implementation of national IMS-dengue programs in recent years. This history of cooperation is not new. It dates back to October 1947, with the adoption of Resolution CD1.R1 during the first Directing Council of PAHO. This resolution stated that the solution to the problem of urban yellow fever would be the eradication of Ae. aegypti in the entire hemisphere. The success of that campaign was demonstrated in 1962, with the eradication of this vector in 18 countries in the Region and several Caribbean islands.
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35

Dallimore, Jon, Chris Johnson, Edi Albert, Spike Briggs, Jon Dallimore, David A. Warrell, Sundeep Dhillon, et al. Emergencies: collapse and serious illness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688418.003.0008.

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The collapsed patient - Medical emergencies - Resuscitation in the wilderness - Basic life support (CPR) - Choking - Recovery position - Shock - Management of the shocked patient - Types of shock - Chest pain - Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) - Coma - Headache - Delirium/confusion - Convulsions - Diabetic emergencies - Gastrointestinal bleeding - Fever
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36

Dallimore, Jon, Chris Johnson, Edi Albert, Spike Briggs, Jon Dallimore, David A. Warrell, Sundeep Dhillon, et al. Emergencies: collapse and serious illness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688418.003.0008_update_001.

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The collapsed patient - Medical emergencies - Resuscitation in the wilderness - Basic life support (CPR) - Choking - Recovery position - Shock - Management of the shocked patient - Types of shock - Chest pain - Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) - Coma - Headache - Delirium/confusion - Convulsions - Diabetic emergencies - Gastrointestinal bleeding - Fever
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37

Royal College of Physicians of London. Research Unit. and British Paediatric Association, eds. Guidelines for the management of convulsions with fever: Report of a joint working group of the Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians and the British Paediatric Association. London: Royal College of Physicians, 1991.

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38

Foster, Brogan, and Paul A. Brogan. Infection and immunization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738756.003.0006.

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This chapter provides detailed reviews of the musculoskeletal manifestations of tuberculosis and mycobacterial disease; other bone and joint infections; infections in immunocompromised paediatric patients; and guidance for the workup of pyrexia of unknown origin. Updated guidance on the management of rheumatic fever and Lyme disease is provided, including detailed antibiotic regimens. Management algorithms for immunocompromised patients exposed to VZV are described, as well as treatment of VZV should it occur in an immunocompromised patient. It also provides detailed guidance on immunization schedules for the immunocompromised. A highlight of the second edition is a section on HIV, with emphasis on rheumatological manifestations and their management.
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39

Management and Control of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers. Stationery Office Books, 1996.

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40

Banerjee, Ashis, and Clara Oliver. Infectious diseases. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786870.003.0015.

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Infectious diseases is a large topic; however, the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) curriculum focuses on the key areas which this chapter covers. One of the most important areas in emergency medicine is sepsis and its early recognition. The management of sepsis is currently changing in line with current research. This chapter provides an up-to-date overview of the diagnosis and management of sepsis, with particular respect to early goal-directed therapy and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, knowledge of which is required for the Intermediate Fellowship of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine short-answer question (FRCEM SAQ) paper. In addition, this chapter also covers the pathophysiology and management of fever, as well as neutropenic sepsis and central nervous system infections. This chapter also covers the public health aspect of infections, as well as the management of needlestick injuries.
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41

(Firm), Greenwich Associates, ed. The Few get fewer. Greenwich, CT, USA (Office Park 8, Greenwich 06830): Greenwich Associates, 1990.

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42

Adebajo, Ade, and Lisa Dunkley. Polyarticular disease. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0009.

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Polyarticular disease is a commonly encountered musculoskeletal problem which regularly confronts clinicians as a diagnostic dilemma. Polyarticular disease is a musculoskeletal presentation in which more than four joints are affected by the disease. The classical rheumatological condition which presents as polyarticular disease is rheumatoid arthritis, although even this condition can very occasionally present with a mono- or oligoarticular onset. Polyarticular disease includes a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions including such disorders as polyarticular gout, the seronegative spondyloarthropathies, rheumatic fever, and systemic lupus erythematosus. This chapter emphasizes how through a careful history, thorough clinical examination and appropriate investigations, a definitive diagnosis can be made in a patient presenting clinically with polyarticular disease. General management principles for patients with polyarticular disease are also provided.
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43

Adebajo, Ade, and Lisa Dunkley. Polyarticular disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0009_update_001.

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Polyarticular disease is a commonly encountered musculoskeletal problem which regularly confronts clinicians as a diagnostic dilemma. Polyarticular disease is a musculoskeletal presentation in which more than four joints are affected by the disease. The classical rheumatological condition which presents as polyarticular disease is rheumatoid arthritis, although even this condition can very occasionally present with a mono- or oligoarticular onset. Polyarticular disease includes a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions including such disorders as polyarticular gout, the seronegative spondyloarthropathies, rheumatic fever, and systemic lupus erythematosus. This chapter emphasizes how through a careful history, thorough clinical examination and appropriate investigations, a definitive diagnosis can be made in a patient presenting clinically with polyarticular disease. General management principles for patients with polyarticular disease are also provided.
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44

Goodall, Alex. Subversive Capitalism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038037.003.0007.

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This chapter looks at how, in the Fordist system, national concerns over the relationship between loyalty and liberty were translated anew in relationships between employees and management. Much as the wartime loyalty campaigns were presented as a harmonious, popular national project of liberation, Ford Motor's reforms were sold as an expression of mutual interests of employer and employee, a demonstration of the natural harmony between labor and capital. Whereas an employer could impose upon the employee because he better perceived the worker's interests, other organizations that purported to act for the worker were denounced as alien. Ford attributed expressions of employee dissatisfaction to the subversive influence of outsiders, and as war fever began to grip the United States this equation became increasingly explicit.
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45

MacPherson, Ross D. Pain management in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0357.

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Despite the fact that patients in the critical care environment are more likely than others to have significant pain, there have been few controlled trials and even fewer examples of high level evidence that can be used to guide pain management. This chapter surveys the main modalities for pain management in the intensive care unit. Parenteral strategies remain the most commonly used form of administration and opioids are still the basis of good pain management. However, in recent times there have been a number of new opioids made available and some of these have a clear application in the critical care environment.In addition to opioids there are a range of adjunct agents that can be usedto give better quality pain relief, while at the same time reducing opioid requirements. Numerous studies have confirmed that pain managementin the critical care environment could be better managed. Strategies to improve pain management are suggested.
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46

Murphy, Elaine, Yann Nadjar, and Christine Vianey-Saban. Fatty Acid Oxidation, Electron Transfer and Riboflavin Metabolism Defects. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0008.

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The fatty acid oxidation disorders are a group of autosomally recessively inherited disorders of energy metabolism that may present with life-threatening hypoketotic hypoglycemia, encephalopathy and hepatic dysfunction, muscle symptoms, and/or cardiomyopathy. Milder phenotypes may present in adulthood, causing exercise intolerance, episodic rhabdomyolysis, and neuropathy. Specific investigations include acylcarnitine profiling, urine organic acid analysis, fibroblast or leucocyte studies of fatty acid oxidation flux/enzyme activity, and genetic testing. Management varies depending on the condition but includes avoidance of precipitants such as fasting, fever, and intense exercise, a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet, and supplementation with carnitine or riboflavin. Inborn errors of riboflavin transport mainly present with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. Some patients respond dramatically to riboflavin supplementation; therefore it has to be tried in all suspected patients.
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47

Sutor, Bruce. Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0603.

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An understanding of psychiatric illness is critical to the practice of internal medicine. Since 30% to 40% of ambulatory primary care visits have a psychiatric component to the chief complaint, successful disease management often hinges on successful treatment of comorbid psychiatric illness. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation is essential because many psychiatric symptoms are nonspecific. This situation is analogous to a patient presenting in general internal medicine with fever or nausea. The presence of a single symptom (eg, depressed mood) is never pathognomonic for a specific disorder. For patients with psychiatric symptoms, the biopsychosocial model is widely used. With this approach, the biologic, psychologic, and social factors contributing to the patient's clinical presentation are evaluated. Some psychiatric symptoms indicate severe disease, whereas others may be less problematic and may not be clinically relevant.
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48

Cooke, Graham. Viral infection. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0308.

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Viral infection includes any clinical illness caused by a pathogenic virus. Acute viral infections are amongst the most common illnesses of humans and range from minor upper respiratory tract infections to viral haemorrhagic fever. The principles in diagnosing acute viral infection are, first, recognize the syndrome, then identify key features that might suggest a specific diagnosis, and, finally, consider laboratory investigations to elucidate the specific causative agent. The host–pathogen response determines different outcomes for specific viral infections. After infection with some viruses (e.g. measles virus, rubella virus) protective immunity develops, there is no latency or chronic carriage, and reinfection is prevented. Another group of viruses, in the presence of inadequate immune response, can cause chronic infection (e.g. hepatitis B and C viruses). This chapter reviews the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of acute viral infections in immunocompetent individuals.
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49

Circh, Ryan. Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0022.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in someone who has not recently had close contact with the health care system. Common presentations include abrupt fever and chills, productive cough, purulent sputum, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and the absence of rhinorrhea and sore throat. Prompt antibiotics and admission to the correct level of care are essential in emergency management. Chest radiographs and dry computed tomography (CT) scans can be extremely useful in confirming the diagnosis of CAP in immunocompetent patients. Assessment of the airway, breathing, and circulation is essential. Adequate fluid resuscitation, early appropriate antibiotics, and careful attention to monitoring are still mainstays of treatment. Clinical decision tools like CURB-65 and PORT score can help identify low-risk patients when making decisions about whether or not to admit.
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50

Rhodes, Ben, and Caroline Gordon. Clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739180.003.0004.

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Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by diverse clinical features that reflect underlying multisystem inflammation. This chapter discusses the range of these clinical presentations, including common problems such as arthritis, serositis, and cutaneous lupus, along with rarer manifestations such as neuropsychiatric lupus, and gastrointestinal and cardiac disease. It highlights both the diagnostic features that are an essential part of disease classification, and also less specific, but common, clinical features such as fatigue. Recognized organ-specific classification systems for lupus nephritis, cutaneous lupus, and neuropsychiatric lupus are summarized. Challenging management issues that face the physician who looks after patients with lupus are discussed and include: the differential diagnosis of key clinical features; the importance of recognizing nephritis early; the challenge of distinguishing active lupus from infection in the patient with fever and lymphadenopathy; and the difficulty in deciding whether to attribute non-specific clinical features to active disease or not.
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