Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'FFU'

Abstrakt I den svenska sjökaptensutbildningen ingår 360 dagars fartygsförlagd utbildning. Under utbildningen ombord finns en utsedd handledare till hjälp för att utveckla och stötta studenten. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa handledares upplevelser av studenters förmåga att hantera tiden ombord, uppfattningen om den egna rollen som handledare samt synen på upplägget av den fartygsförlagda utbildningen. Studien utgörs av en kvalitativ intervjustudie där sju yrkesverksamma handledare från fyra olika rederier har intervjuats. Valet av en kvalitativ studie bestående av intervjuer gjordes för att kunna fånga respondenternas uppfattningar och upplevelser samt skapa en möjlighet för utvecklade resonemang. Studien avgränsas till svenska handledare för sjökaptensstudenter på svenskägda produkttankfartyg. Studiens resultat visar att handledarna är positiva till handledarskapet och de möjligheter som detta medför för studenterna men också för möjligheten att som handledare kunna påverka sina framtida kollegor. Resultatet visar också att det finns möjligheter för studenterna att kunna få ut mer av sin praktik. Ett exempel på detta är att utnyttja lediga söndagar till att fördjupa sina kunskaper, lediga dagar som för varje student är sammanlagt 52 dagar.
Abstract Within the Swedish Master Mariner programme 360 days of onboard training are included. A supervisor is designated on board during the internship, with the task of helping to develop and support the student. The aim of this study is to illuminate: the supervisor’s experiences of the student’s ability to handle their time on board, their thoughts about their own role, and the arrangement of the onboard training. This is a qualitative study in which seven supervisors, active in four different shipping companies were interviewed. The selection of this type of study was based on the fact that interviews would capture the respondents’ perceptions and experiences, and at the same time allow for them to develop their reasoning. The selection of respondents in this study was limited to Swedish supervisors for Master Mariner students employed in Swedish-owned product tankers. The study reveals that the supervisors are positive about their role and the opportunities that the training generates for the students, and also about their own influence on their future colleagues. The study also reveals that students may gain more from the internship by utilising their rest days. Each student has a total of 52 rest days during the internship.

Vatten är en viktig komponent för alla oljeraffinaderier, både för kylning och för själva destillationsprocessen. Vatten som har kommit i kontakt med olja, sulfider, kväveföreningar samt andra miljöfarliga ämnen, kallas processvatten och måste renas innan det släpps ut i recipient. Processvattnet renas i vattenreningsverk som kan se olika ut och ha olika uppbyggnad.St1 Refinery AB ligger på Hisingen i Göteborg vid Göta älv och har ett biologiskt vattenreningsverk som kallas Biotreatern. Biotreatern har i uppgift att rena processvattnet främst ifrån kväveföreningar, men även olja och andra miljöfarliga ämnen med hjälp av bakterier. Biotreatern har problem med så kallat slamflykt, detta kan påverka att utsläppskrav för bl.a. mängden olja och kväveföreningar i renat vatten överskrids. Om utsläppskraven överskrids kan detta leda till höga bötersbelopp för företaget och en ökad negativ påverkan på miljön. Syftet med rapporten är att ta fram förslag på förbättringar och nya tekniska lösningar till Biotreatern för att minska slamflykten. I rapporten redovisas resultat som främst handlar om nya filtreringstekniker, hur dessa fungerar och var i anläggningen de kan appliceras för att undvika slamflykt. Vilka huvudsakliga faktorer som styr reningsprocessen och vad begreppet slamflykt innebär, beskrivs i rapporten. Det beskrivs också hur reningsprocessen fungerar, tillsammans med uppritat flödesschema över anläggningen. De förbättringsförslag som presenteras i rapporten, kan minska och eventuellt eliminera problemet med slamflykt som Biotreatern lider av idag.

La mondialisation économique et l'internationalisation des échanges ont engendré l'ouverture des frontières et la mobilité professionnelle. Par conséquent, de nouveaux besoins communicatifs émergent. En effet, les institutions, les organismes, les administrations et les entreprises recrutent, aujourd'hui, des professionnels capables de communiquer en plusieurs langues lors de leurs activités professionnelles. Pour répondre à cette demande, des établissements scolaires et universitaires ont mis en œuvre des dispositifs d'enseignement bi-plurilingue. La présente thèse s'intéresse aux Filières Universitaires Francophones (FUF) bi-plurilingues, et a pour objectif d'analyser le dispositif Discipline(s) Non Linguistique(s) (DNL)/cours de français, censé garantir la réussite universitaire et professionnelle des étudiants allophones. Ainsi, nous avons mené une enquête de terrain au sein d'une FUF d'économie en Egypte pour y étudier les pratiques linguistiques et didactiques. Notre recherche montre que l'intégration d'un cours de Français sur Objectif Universitaire (FOU) et de Français sur Objectif Spécifique (FOS) dans le programme de formation des FUF vise la réussite des étudiants. Par ailleurs, les résultats de notre investigation nous ont conduite à élaborer différents outils permettant aux enseignants de français d'élaborer plus facilement des cours de FOS/FOU. Il s'agit précisément de la conception d'un référentiel de compétences langagières, d'un programme de formation de FOS/FOU et d'activités pédagogiques
The economic globalization and internationalization of exchanges led to the opening of borders and professional mobility. As a result, new communication needs are emerging. Indeed, institutions, organizations, administrations and enterprises are nowadays recruiting professionals who can communicate in different languages during their workplace activities. To meet this demand, schools and universities have implemented bi-multilingual teaching. This thesis focuses on bi-multilingual French-language University Courses (FUF) and aims to analyze the framework including non-linguistic subject(s) (DNL) in French and French courses, which is intended to ensure the academic and professional success of allophone students. Thus, we conducted a field survey within the Economics courses of a FUF in Egypt so as to study the linguistic and teaching practices. Our research shows that the integration of French for Specific Purposes (FSP) and French for Academic Purposes (FAP) courses in the FUF’s academic program aims at student achievement. Furthermore, the results of our investigation led us to develop different tools which will enable French teachers to create FSP/FAP courses more easily. More specifically, it is the construction of a competency framework, the design of a training program and educational activities

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of free-form deformations. The main goal of this work were elaboration of theoretical knowledge about this issue and the programming of selected methods od free-form deformations. The first part describes the required spline theory, matrix calculus and free-form deformations. The resulting version shows three programs. The first program compares the selected free-form deformation methods to the example of the 4x4 control point grid. The second program serves as a generalization for the general case of grid of control points. The last program is based on direct manipulation of arbitrary surface point and following recomputation of the control points to obtain demanded shape.

Die therapeutische Beeinflußbarkeit einer Leberverfettung gilt weltweit als unbefriedigend ge-löst, so daß ein letaler Ausgang besonders bei Wiederkäuern teilweise nicht zu verhindern ist. Die Nutzung von beta-Rezeptorenblockern hat bisher mit dieser Indikation keinen Eingang in die Veterinärmedizin gefunden. In den vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurden deshalb die Auswirkungen einer unspezifischen Blockade der beta-adrenergen Rezeptoren auf die Lipolyse, die klinischen und hämatologi-schen Funktionen sowie Leber-, Eiweiß- und Mineralstoffwechsel bei fastenden Schafen ge-prüft. Insbesondere wurde dabei die Wirkung einer Propranololapplikation auf die Lipolyse in der frühen Phase des Fastens untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck wurden insgesamt 15 weiblichen, klinisch gesunden, güsten Schafen der Rasse Merino-Fleisch während eines dreitägigen Futterentzuges mit Hilfe einer Dauertropfinfu-sion mit zwei 8stündigen Pausen 0,5 bzw. 1 mg Propranolol/kg KM/d bzw. den Tieren der Kontrollgruppe ein vergleichbares Volumen einer NaCl-Lösung appliziert. Neben der klini-schen Kontrolle von Puls- und Atemfrequenz, Körpertemperatur und Pansenaktivität erfolgte über die wiederholte Gewinnung von Blutproben aus der Vena jugularis externa eine Erfassung der Konzentrationen von Glucose, FFS, Bilirubin, BHB, K, Na, Mg, Gesamteiweiß und Albu-min im Blutserum. Zur Kontrolle der Leberfunktion wurden die Aktivitäten der GLDH und ASAT bestimmt. Die Wirkung des beta-Rezeptor-Antagonisten Propranolol auf die hämatolo-gischen Parameter wurde durch die Kontrolle der Leukozyten-, Erythrozyten- und Hämoglo-binkonzentrationen und den Hämatokrit der Schafe im Versuchsverlauf überprüft. In Übereinstimmung mit bisherigen Untersuchungen an Wiederkäuern und Nichtwiederkäuern kam es aufgrund der dreitägigen Futterdeprivation in allen Tiergruppen zu einer signifikanten Verminderung des Körpergewichtes um bis zu 9,8 %. Die Zahl der Pansenbewegungen redu-zierte sich bei allen Tieren signifikant bereits innerhalb der ersten 48 Stunden der Futterdepri-vation. Der stärkste Abfall der Pansenaktivität ließ sich bei den Schafen, denen 1 mg Propra-nolol/kg KM/d infundiert wurde, nachweisen. Puls- und Atemfrequenz, die Konzentrationen von Na, K, Mg, Gesamteiweiß und Albumin sowie die Aktivitäten von GLDH und ASAT im Blutserum blieben im Versuchsverlauf ohne signifikante Veränderungen. Eine Beeinflussung der hämatologischen Parameter ließ sich we-der bei den Schafen der Kontrollgruppe noch bei denen der Versuchsgruppen nachweisen. Während der Futterentzug in allen Tiergruppen zu einer tendenziellen Abnahme der Blut-serumkonzentration an Glucose führte, stiegen die Konzentrationen an FFS, Bilirubin und BHB im Blutserum aller Tiere an. Damit weisen die Veränderungen in den Konzentrationen von FFS, BHB und Bilirubin im Blutserum der Schafe der Kontrollgruppe die typischen Merkmale einer Fastenstoffwechsellage auf. In beiden Versuchsgruppen fielen diese Konzen-trationserhöhungen gegenüber denen der Kontrollgruppe statistisch gesichert niedriger aus. Unter Berücksichtigung der dabei erreichten Niveaus ließ sich für die Versuchsgruppen eine geringere Belastung von Energie- und Leberstoffwechsel als in der Kontrollgruppe feststellen. Der Übergang von der ersten in die zweite Phase des Fastenstoffwechsels ist in allen Tiergrup-pen, besonders deutlich in beiden Versuchsgruppen, zum Zeitpunkt um 48 h nach Versuchsbe-ginn an der Erhöhung der Körpertemperatur sowie den stärkeren Anstiegen der FFS-Konzentrationen erkennbar. Die besondere klinische und labordiagnostische Bedeutung der Änderungen der FFS-Konzentration im Blutserum zeigte sich in der zeitlich früheren und ausgeprägteren Reaktion als die Konzentrationsänderungen von Bilirubin und BHB. Bereits nach 24stündigem Fasten waren in allen Schafgruppen signifikant gegenüber den Ausgangswerten erhöhte FFS-Konzentrationen nachweisbar. In beiden Versuchsgruppen war bis zum Erreichen der Maxi-malwerte 48 h nach Beginn des Fastens ein geringerer Anstieg der FFS-Konzentration im Blut-serum als in der Kontrollgruppe nachzuweisen. Nach dem Erreichen der Maximalkonzentration kam es unter dem Propranololeinfluß in beiden Versuchsgruppen zu einem raschen, signifi-kantem Abfall der FFS-Konzentration um 44,7 bzw. 63,5 %. Die Abnahme der FFS-Konzentration im Blutserum vom Maximalwert bis zum Versuchsende betrug in der Kontroll-gruppe lediglich 8,6 %. und lag damit signifikant unter den Vergleichswerten der Versuchstie-re. Für die Konzentration der FFS fanden sich zum Versuchsende zwischen allen Gruppen si-gnifikante Unterschiede. Damit läßt sich eine dosisabhängige Wirkung einer Propranololappli-kation auf die Freisetzung von FFS aus den körpereigenen Fettdepots ableiten. Als Besonderheit war zu beobachten, daß sich die Konzentration der FFS in der Kontrollgrup-pe in den Zeiträumen der Infusion der NaCl-Lösung vermindert. Möglicherweise spielt hierbei der säuernde Einfluß des NaCl auf den pH-Wert im Blut eine Rolle. Unter dem Einfluß einer pH-Verminderung kommt es dabei zu einer Absenkung der Lipolyserate. Der zwischen den Infusionszeiten starke Konzentrationsanstieg der FFS in der Kontrollgruppe führt in dieser zu signifikant höheren FFS-Konzentrationen als in den Versuchsgruppen. Die Konzentrationsänderungen von direkt reagierendem und Gesamtbilirubin fielen bei den Schafen der Kontrollgruppe höher aus als bei den Tieren der Versuchsgruppen. Während die Maximalkonzentrationen für das Gesamtbilirubin in den Versuchsgruppen mit Dosierungen von 0,5 bzw. 1 mg Propranolol/kg KM/d 48 h nach Versuchsbeginn erreicht werden, ließen sich die maximalen Gesamtbilirubinkonzentrationen in der Kontrollgruppe erst 56 h nach Versuchsbe-ginn nachweisen. Die dabei vorhandenen Konzentrationsunterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen weisen auf eine geringere Belastung der Leber bei den Schafen der Versuchsgruppen hin. Auch die BHB-Konzentrationen im Blutserum der Schafe der Versuchsgruppen lagen zum Versuchsende unter denen der Tiere in der Kontrollgruppe. Damit liegt ein weiterer Indikator auf eine geringere Leberbelastung der Tiere in den Versuchsgruppen gegenüber den Schafen der Kontrollgruppe vor. Die absolut niedrigsten BHB-Konzentrationen waren bei den Schafen der Versuchsgruppe mit einer Propranololgabe von 1 mg/kg KM/d nachweisbar. In dieser Gruppe wurde die maximale BHB-Konzentration 32 h nach Fastenbeginn erreicht. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse zeigen, daß sich mit Propranololgaben in Höhe von 0,5 bzw. 1 mg/kg KM/d beim Schaf eine Hemmung der Lipolyse innerhalb der ersten 64 Stunden eines Futterentzuges erreichen läßt, ohne dabei nachweisbaren Einfluß auf hämatologische Parameter auszuüben. Insbesondere weisen die zwischen Versuchs- und Kontrollgruppe vergleichbaren Anstiege der FFS-Konzentrationen in den infusionsfreien Zeiträumen auf den Einfluß des beta-adrenergen Antagonisten auf die Lipolyse während der Infusion hin. Die Konzentrationsände-rungen von Bilirubin und BHB in den Versuchsgruppen erfolgen in deutlich geringerem Um-fang als in der Kontrollgruppe. Damit läst sich auf eine geringere Belastung von Energie- und Leberstoffwechsel bei den Versuchstieren schließen. Die nicht signifikanten Veränderungen der Enzymaktivitäten von GLDH und ASAT bestätigen, daß durch die Anwendung von Propra-nolol keine negative Beeinflussung der Leberfunktion erfolgt. Aufgrund der stärkeren Reduzie-rung der Zahl der Pansenbewegungen und des verminderten Konzentrationsanstieges von FFS im Blutserum der Schafe, denen 1 mg Propranolol/kg KM/d appliziert wurde, gegenüber denen die 0,5 mg Propranolol/kg KM/d erhielten, ist von einer Dosisabhängigkeit der Propranolol-wirkung auszugehen. Die Applikation von Propranolol in einer Dosis von 0,5 bzw. 1 mg/kg KM/d stellt beim Schaf eine geeignete Methode dar, frühzeitig eine Verminderung der fasten-induzierten Lipolyse zu erreichen
The treatment of the fatty liver disease is world-wide regarded as unsatisfactory, so that death of the affected ruminants is partly unavoidable. The administration of beta receptor blockers in such cases has not found its way into veterinary medicine until now. In this study, the effects of a nonspecific blockade of the beta adrenoceptors on lipolysis, clinical and hematological parameters as well as on the metabolism of the liver, proteins and minerals in fasting sheep were therefore tested. Especially, the effect of a Propranolol administration on the lipolysis in the early stage of fasting was examined. During a three-day period of food deprivation, 15 female, clinically healthy and non-pregnant sheep (Merino-Fleisch) were given 0.5 or 1 mg Propranolol/kg body weight per day via a continuous infusion with two interruptions of eight hours. During the experiment, pulse, respiration rate, body temperature and rumen activity were checked. The serum concentrations of glucose, FFA, bilirubin, beta-hydroxybutyrate, potassium, sodium, magnesium, total protein and albumin were controlled by repeatedly taking blood samples from the vena jugularis externa. The activity of the enzymes GLDH and AST were determined to check the liver function. The effect of the beta-receptor antagonist Propranolol on the hematological parameters was checked by examining the WBC, RBC, the hemoglobin concentrations and the packed cell volume. All test groups showed significant decrease in body weigth of up to 9.8 %, due to the three-day food deprivation. Even within the first 48 hours of food deprivation, rumen motility of all animals was decreasing significantly. Those sheep which received 1 mg Propranolol/kg body weight per day showed the strongest decrease in rumen activity. Pulse and respiration rate, the concentrations of potassium, sodium, magnesium, total protein and albumin as well as the activity of GLDH and AST in blood serum remained without significant changes during the experiment. Neither the sheep of the control group nor those of the experimental groups showed any influence on the hematological parameters. While the blood glucose concentration tended to be lower during the food deprivation in all groups, the concentrations of FFA, bilirubin and beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood serum were increasing. Thus, the changes of FFA, bilirubin and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in the control group showed the typical characteristics of fasting metabolism. These absolute increases in concentrations were significantly lower in both experimental groups than those in the control group. With regard to the levels reached and compared to the control group, a smaller load of energy and liver metabolism could be determined in the experimental groups. The transition from the first to the second stage of the fasting metabolism in all groups (but especially in the experimental groups) was clearly discernible in the rises of body temperature and in the stronger increases of the FFA concentrations approximately 48 hours after the experiment started. The special clinical and diagnostic importance of the FFA concentration was indicated in an earlier and stronger change of the FFA concentration in the blood serum, compared to the changes of bilirubin and beta-hydroxybutyrate. As early as 24 hours after the beginning of the fasting, a significant rise of the FFA concentration in comparison to the initial concentration could be proved. In contrast to the control group the two experimental groups showed a smaller increase in the FFA concentration. All groups reached their maxima of FFA concentration 48 hours after the beginning of the experiment. Afterwards FFA concentrations in the two experimental groups were sinking fast and significantly by 44.7 % and 63.5 % respectively. In the control group, the decrease of the FFA concentration from the maximum until the end of the experiment was only 8.6 % and thus significantly lower than the comparative results. At the end of the experiment, significant differences in FFA concentrations between all groups could be proved. So, it can be assumed that there is a dose-dependent effect of Propranolol on the FFA release from the bodyŽs own fat depots. The FFA concentration in the control group was decreasing during the NaCl-infusion. This could be due to NaClŽs influence on the pH value of the blood. The reduction of the pH causes a decreasing rate of the lipolysis. The strong rise of FFA concentration between the infusion in the control group, lead to significantly higher results compared to the experimental groups. The changes of total and direct reacting bilirubin in the control group were higher than in the experimental groups. While maximum concentrations of total bilirubin acid in the experimental groups (which got 0.5 and 1 mg Propranolol/kg body weigth per day respectively) could be determined 48 hours after the experimentŽs start, maximum concentrations in the control group could be found only 56 hours after beginning of the fasting. Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in the experimental groups were also lower than in the control group. These differences between the groups indicate a smaller strain of the liver in the experimental groups. The lowest beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations could be proved in the experimental group with a dose of 1 mg Propranolol/kg body weight per day. In this group, the maximum beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration was reached 32 hours after the beginning of the fasting. These results suggest that by the administration of Propranolol at doses of 0.5 mg and 1 mg/kg body weigth per day respectively it is possible to inhibit the lipolysis within the first 64 hours after a food deprivation without effecting the hematological parameters. Particularly, the comparable increases in FFA concentrations in the experimental and control groups between the infusions indicate a direct effect of the beta-adrenergic antagonist on the lipolysis during the infusions. The changes of bilirubin and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in the experimental groups were smaller than those in the control group. This suggests a smaller strain on the energy and liver metabolism in the experimental groups compared to the control group. The nonsignificant changes of the activity of GLDH and AST indicate no negative influence on the liver function after applicating Propranolol. The stronger reduction of rumen motility and the smaller increase of the FFA concentration in the group with 1 mg Propranolol/kg body weigth per day compared to the group with 0.5 mg Propranolol/kg body weigth per day shows the dose-dependent effect of Propranolol. The application of Propranolol at a dose of 0.5 mg or 1 mg/kg body weigth per day is a suitable method to early inhibit fasting-induced lipolysis in sheep

Student involvement on college campuses is important for the professional growth, leadership development and learning of today's college student. This research sought to determine the factors that influence former high school FFA members' reasons for joining and participating in the Collegiate FFA. The study showed that students who are involved in the National FFA at the secondary level are more likely to join Collegiate FFA while attending a university that offers the Collegiate FFA option. These students were actively engaged on campus and were interested in helping others. Collegiate FFA programs, the National FFA, and universities across the country should begin their recruitment efforts with current high school FFA members.

Introduction: H1N1 flu (swine flu) first emerged in mid-April 2009, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was a lead U.S. federal agency responding to the disease, the first pandemic in more than 40 years. Aim: The purpose of this program evaluation is to assess CDC’s Web-based outreach for the first part of the H1N1 flu pandemic (April to July 2009). Evaluation focuses on the seven CDC Web sites used for H1N1 flu outreach: H1N1 Flu (English and Spanish), CDC.gov, CDC en Español, CDC Partners, CDC Seasonal Flu, and MMWR. Methods: The evaluation assessed Web use and users through data collected by the American Consumer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) and specific Web statistics gathered through Omniture SiteCatalyst. Discussion: People have been using the internet to collect health information since the early days of popular usage. During the early H1N1 flu emergency, CDC used seven different Web sites to reach out to its users, who are primarily public health professionals, healthcare providers and consumers. Most users cite one of four reasons for visiting CDC’s Web sites: health information for my work, health information for myself, health information for patient or client, and health information for someone else. Between April and July, a clear majority of users visited the Web site for H1N1 flu information (from a high of 58% in May to a low of 35% in July). CDC.gov has received ACSI satisfaction scores of 80 (considered a top performer) or higher since the first quarter of 2007; the overall site satisfaction score of 82 during the first quarter of 2009 was bested by the H1N1-specific satisfaction score of 84 from mid-April to the end of June. Traffic to the site increased enormously during the early H1N1 flu emergency, from approximately 45 million page views per month in February and March 2009 to more than 98.2 million page views in April 2009. Recommendations: Those working on CDC.gov H1N1 flu-related content should continue trying to anticipate and meet user needs by expanding Web content, partnering with external organizations to share key information through syndication and information placement, and enhancing translation capabilities.

Le concept de composés appelés FFS, pour faux substrats fluorescents (ou FFN pour les neurotransmetteurs), a été introduit par le groupe du Dr Sames qui a conçu et optimisé des molécules fluorescentes reconnues comme substrats par le Transporteur Vésiculaire de Monoamine (VMAT2). Ces composés, une fois accumulés dans des vésicules synaptiques, ont permis la visualisation de l’activité neuronale monoaminergique en temps réel. Ce concept a servi d’hypothèse pour ce travail de thèse. En effet, nous avons conçu, synthétisé et évalué la potentialité de deux familles chimiques comme substrats fluorescents de transporteurs de la famille SLC17 : VNUT (transporteur vésiculaire de nucléotides) et la Sialine (transporteur d’acide sialique). Les molécules fluorescentes synthétisées devront être capables de remplacer/mimer les substrats naturels de VNUT et de la Sialine (respectivement l’ATP et le Neu-5-Ac) et de couvrir une large gamme de longueurs d’ondes d’émission pour nous adapter aux problématiques biologiques. L’élaboration de tels composés a été effectuée par conception rationnelle en synergie avec les résultats des tests d’inhibition et de transport et à partir de touches issues du criblage virtuel. Deux composés ont été plus particulièrement étudiés. D’une part, l’ATP a été modifiée en remplaçant le motif adénine par un fluorophore (éthéno, coumarines, quinoléines…). D’autre part, une touche virtuelle (Fmoc-Lys(Cbz)-OH) issue d’un vHTS sur la Sialine a été sélectionnée pour sa structure facilement modifiable, qui a permis l’incorporation aisée de motifs fluorescents. Une cinquantaine de composés a donc été synthétisée et évaluée pour leur capacité d’inhibition ou de substrat sur les cibles sélectionnées. Les résultats prometteurs de plusieurs composés en tant qu’inhibiteur laissent de nombreuses perspectives pour la compréhension de la machinerie vésiculaire
The concept of compounds called FFSs for false fluorescent substrates (or FFNs for neurotransmitters) was introduced by the group of Dr Sames who designed and optimized fluorescent molecules recognized as substrates by the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (VMAT2). Once accumulated in synaptic vesicules, these compounds have allowed visualization of the monoaminergic neuronal activity in real time. This concept has been used as hypothesis for this thesis work. Indeed, we have designed, synthesized and evaluated the potential of two chemical families as fluorescent substrates of SLC17 transporter family: VNUT (Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter) and Sialin (sialic acid transporter). The synthesized fluorescent molecules must be able to replace/mimic the natural substrates of VNUT and Sialin ( ATP and Neu-5-Ac, respectively) and to cover a wide range of emission wavelengths to deal with biological problems. The development of such compounds was performed by rational design in synergy with the results of inhibition and transport tests and by virtual screening. Two compounds have been specifically studied. On one hand, ATP was modified by replacing the adenine pattern by a fluorophore (etheno, coumarins, quinolines…). On the other hand, a virtual hit (Fmoc-Lys(Cbz)-OH), derived from vHTS targeted to Sialin, was selected for the ease to incorporate fluorescent patterns. Therefore, fifty compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory or substrate ability on selected targets. The promising results of several compounds as inhibitors give rise to perspectives for understanding vesicular machinery

A partir do espectro de freqüência do sinal eletromiográfico pode-se calcular a freqüência mediana, a freqüência média e a moda da freqüência, podendo se avaliar a fadiga muscular de um indivíduo. Atualmente as análises miográficas, do Depto de Fisioterapia da UNESP - Presidente Prudente, a coleta das medidas e a análise dos resultados são feitas em sistemas separados, isto é, há um sistema para aquisição dos sinais miográficos e outro para análise dos dados, em computadores diferentes. Isto causa problemas pois o indivíduo é submetido ao exercício e somente depois do exercício concluído o sinal é analisado. Com a intenção de melhorar a análise dos sinais miográficos foi desenvolvido um programa computacional no qual os cálculos de FFT e o tratamento do sinal são feitos simultaneamente a aquisição, isto é, em tempo real. A grande vantagem é a possibilidade de se corrigir possíveis erros durante a aquisição devidos a eletrodos mal posicionados, ruídos, evitar o cansaço excessivo do paciente ou até detectar um possível processo de lesão musculara antes que este ocorra. O aplicativo foi implementado em linguagem Visual Basic e rotinas do Matlab, encontra-se em funcionamento e os resultados práticos são discutidos neste trabalho.
From the frequency spectrum of a electromiographic signal the frequency mediana, the mean frequency and the frequency modal can be calculated. Using such parameters the muscular fading of a patient can be evaluated, for instance, using the FFT procedure. In the Phisiotherapy Department of Unesp at Presidente Prudente, experimental data are collected and analyzed using two separated systems. The data corresponding to the electro miographic signal are measured in the first step and then transferred and analyzed in another computer. This procedure is not straightforward since the patient is submitted to a given exercise and only after finishing it the data could be analyzed. Aiming to improve the analysis of the electromiographic signals a software was developed allowing the FFT calculations and the signal analysis to be performed during the data acquisition. The advantage is the possibility to adjust and correct the experimental procedure during the acquisition. Effects of electrodes malpositioning on the patient, electrical noise and excessive fatigue of the patient or even it is possible to detect a muscular lesion during the exercise. The software was developed in the Visual Basic language and using Matlab routines, it is now running and practical results are discussed in this work.

The various versions of CreditRisk+ have widely been used in the financial industry. We compute the loss distribution under CreditRisk+ model by fast fourier transform technique in order to have faster and more stable results. Moreover, we link the parameters of the model to the exogenously observed variables which could be obtained from the financial markets by the use of Poisson INAR process. It is shown that the estimation of the parameters become available under this setup. This enables us to build a system that allows users to monitor and predict the banks loss characteristics without having specific and current information on banks.

Le sujet de cette thèse, traite des engagements du général Koenig (1898-1970) en tant que militaire, homme politique et militant pour la cause israélienne et l‟amitié avec le peuple juif. Natif de Caen, Pierre Koenig eut dès son enfance une vocation affirmée pour la carrière militaire. Engagé volontaire pendant la première guerre mondiale, il servit ensuite en Silésie, en Allemagne et pendant une longue période au Maroc dans la Légion étrangère. Au début de la 2e guerre mondiale, il participa en 1940 à la campagne de Norvège et se rallia en juin au général de Gaulle dont il fut un des plus fidèles compagnons. Sa carrière se poursuivit en Afrique : Gabon, Levant, Libye et Tunisie. C‟est en Libye en juin 1942 à Bir-Hakeim que Koenig et ses troupes en résistant pendant plus de dix jours aux forces germano-italiennes du maréchal Rommel, ont signé un des plus grands succès des armes françaises pendant la deuxième guerre mondiale. Après la campagne de Tunisie, Koenig fut appelé par le général de Gaulle à occuper des postes importants faisant appel à ses qualités de diplomate et de négociateur : état-major d‟Alger, représentant du Gouvernement provisoire de la République Française auprès du commandement interallié et chef des Forces Françaises de l‟intérieur. Á la Libération, il fut nommé Gouverneur militaire de Paris et ensuite commandant de la zone d‟occupation française en Allemagne avec les pouvoirs civils et militaires. [etc.]
This thesis deals with the engagements carried out general Koenig (1898-1970) as a soldier, a politician and a fighter for the Israeli cause and friendship with the Jewish people. Pierre Koenig was born in Caen (France). Since childhood he had inclined always strongly to a military career. He was a volunteer during the First World War, then he served in Silesia, in Germany and in the Foreign Legion in Morocco for a long period of time. When the Second world war began, he took part in the Norway campaign early in 1940, then in June he joined General de Gaulle and became one of his most faithful companions. His career went on in Africa : Gaboon, the Levant, Libya, Tunisia. In Bir-Hakeim in Libya in June 1942, Koenig and his troops held out against Marshal Rommel‟s German and Italian forces for over ten days, thus achieving one of the greatest successes for french arms during the Second world war. After the Tunisia campaign, Koenig was called by General de Gaulle to high appointments summoning his qualities as a diplomat and negotiator. Posted first at the Algiers Headquarters, he was then the Representative of the provisional government of the French Republic next to the S.H.A.E.F. and later on chief of the Home French Forces. After the liberation of France he was appointed as “Military governor” in Paris, and afterwards commander-in-chief for the French occupation zone in Germany with civilian and military powers [etc.]

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O presente trabalho traz um levantamento dos estudos desenvolvidos no ?mbito do mestrado em m?sica junto ? Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte ? UFRN, numa proposta que aborda a ?pera de c?mara Maroquinhas Fru-Fru, do compositor Ernest Mahle. Para tanto, ? tra?ado um panorama da ?pera brasileira e seu comportamento nos principais teatros l?ricos do pa?s no tri?nio 2014-2016, numa contextualiza??o que se apoia em autores como NEVES (1981), KATER (2001), HARTKOPF (2010), e as compila??es de VOLPE (2012), al?m de relacionar os dados colhidos da plataforma Operabase com os colhidos do censo 2010, do IBGE. A pesquisa bibliogr?fica inclui um brev?ssimo relato biogr?fico dos autores da obra (compositor e libretista), al?m de reflex?es acerca do libreto e da m?sica, abordando as bivocalidades do discurso na ?pera infantil e as ferramentas composicionais nela empregadas. Autores como SCHERCHEN (1933), RUDOLF (1993), BOWEN (2003) e outros v?m fundamentar as considera??es referentes ?s t?cnicas de reg?ncia e sua aplica??o ao g?nero oper?stico, bem como as especificidades que a obra em estudo imprime ao regente. Por fim, no intuito de dar vaz?o ?s pr?ticas musicais do nosso tempo, o que se revela como uma necessidade art?stica a ser impregnada na veia formadora dos novos m?sicos e dos novos p?blicos, tem-se o relato das fases preparat?rias da Cortina L?rica realizada em Campina Grande/PB, apontando para as implica??es da montagem desta obra no nordeste brasileiro e mostrando algumas das const?ncias e inconst?ncias de uma produ??o na atual conjuntura.
This study takes place a data collection from the research developed under the master degree in musical conducting at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, a proposal that includes an approach of the camera opera Maroquinhas Fru-Fru, from the composer Ernest Mahle. For this, is delineated a panorama of Brazilian opera and your behavior in main opera houses of the country in the triennium 2014-2016, with the contextualization supported by authors like NEVES (1981), KATER (2001), HARTKOPF (2010), and VOLPE's compilation (2012), besides related the data collected from the Operabase plataform with the data of Brazilian cense 2010. The bibliographical research includes a very brief biographical account of the authors of the work (composer and librettist), besides reflections about the libretto and the music, addressing the discourse multivocality in the opera for children and the compositional tools used in it. Authors like SCHERCHEN (1933), RUDOLF (1993), BOWEN (2003) and others comes give support the statements about conducting techniques and their application in the operatic genre, as well as the specifics that the work requires of the conductor. Finally, in order to give vent to the musical practices of our time, which is revealed as an artistic need to be ingrained in the formation of new musicians and new audiences, we have an experience report of the preparatory stages of lyrical recital held in Campina Grande city, pointing to the implications of the assembly this work in northeastern Brazil and showing some of the constancies and inconstancy of a production in the current situation.

Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1997.
Thesis advisors, Tri T. Ha, R. Clark Robertson. AD-A331 918. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70). Also available online.

Orientador : Jaime Portugheis
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Neste trabalho é desenvolvido um estudo sobre um sistema FFH-CDMA cujo receptor de máxima verossimilhança (MV) não-quantizado necessita de uma não-linearidade de difícil implementação. Para um sistema FFH-CDMA não-codificado propomos a utilização de um único perceptron para a implementação da não-linearidade. Esta proposta demonstrou apresentar degradação desprezível quando comparada ao receptor de MV. O cálculo da probabilidade de erro par-a-par tanto para receptores quantizados quanto para não-quantizados, foi também realizado. Um sistema que utiliza um receptor de :MVnão-quantizado demonstrou possuir ganho considerável em termos do número de usuários simultâneos quando comparado a um sistema quantizado. Motivados por este fato, realizamos cálculos para a capacidade de canal por dimensão e para a taxa de corte de canal do sistema FFH-CDMA considerado. Os resultados mostraram ganhos significativos do sistema tanto em termos de número de usuários simultâneos, como também em termos de relação sinal-ruído (para a probabilidade e o número de usuários fixados). A partir de uma aproximação para a probabilidade de erro par-a-par, um critério de projeto dos codificadores é proposto. Alguns codificadores convolucionais que se adequam ao critério proposto podem ser encontrados da literatura. Resultados de desempenho obtidos através de simulação e de limitantes superiores para códigos convolucionais terminados encontrados na literatura, mostraram a eficiência do critério de projeto sugerido para os codificadores. A partir das expressões para a taxa de corte de canal pode-se obter valores otimizados para taxas de codificação. Nem todos estes valores se encontram na literatura. Sendo assim, um algoritmo de procura de codificadores foi desenvolvido de acordo com o critério de projeto sugerido. Vários codificadores foram encontrados que podem eventualmente ser utilizados em outras aplicações. Alguns codificadores obtidos comprovam que um sistema FFH-CDMA codificado, com uma treliça de 1024 estados, pode trabalhar bem próximo da taxa de corte de canal
Abstract: This work presents a study of FFH-CDMA systems whose maximum likelihood (ML) receiver uses a nonlinearity of difficult of implementation. For an uncoded FFH-CDMA system, we propose the use of an unique perceptron to approximate the optimum nonlinearity. The proposed perceptron has performance almost identical to ML detection. An unquantized FFH-CDMA system can support a considerable greater number of simultaneous active users than a quantized FFH-CDMA system. Motivated by this fact, we evaluated the normalized sum capacity and the channel cutoff rate of the considered system. The results have showed expressive gains of an unquantized FFH-CDMA system in terms of number of active users as well as in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. Starting from an approximation of the pairwise error probability, a design criterion is proposed. Performance results obtained through computer simulation and upper bounds for convolutional codes found in the literature, showed the effectiveness of the proposed design criterion. A search algorithm for finding codes based on this criterion was implemented. Some of the coders obtained give evidence that a coded FFH-CDMA system, with a trellis of 1024 states, can work near channel cutoff rate
Doutorado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

The goal of this thesis has been to implement a hardware architecture for FPGA that calculates the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of a signal using one million samples. The FFT has been designed using a single-delay feedback architecture withrotators and butterflies, including a three-stage rotator with one million rotation angles. The design has been implemented onto a single FPGA and has a throughput of 233 Msamples/s. The calculated FFT has high accuracy with a signal to quantization noise ratio (SQNR) of 95.6 dB.

This comparative case study examining epidemiological practices in Vietnam and the US revealed three pandemic influenza paradoxes: The paradox of attribution which asserts that pandemic influenza comes exclusively from Asia even though historical evidence points to the contrary; the paradox of prevention which encourages industrial methods (i.e., factory farming) for combating influenza even though there is conflicting evidence for any superiority of this method in terms of means of production or disease prevention; and the paradox of action where epidemiologists act in ways not consistent with prevailing epidemiological recommendations.  The existence of these paradoxes may, in fact, impede efforts at stopping and preventing pandemic influenza.  In order to find the root causes of these paradoxes, this study examined indigenous media and historical and contemporary research reports on pandemic influenza.  This archival information was juxtaposed to viewpoints garnered from ethnographic interviews with epidemiologists who have worked in Vietnam, the United States, or in both countries.  This study found that these paradoxes endure because of the dual nature of science " the known and the unknown elements of current knowledge " and assumptions made between the two.  The dual nature of science describes both the information that has been codified and information that has not been codified and the implications between the two. In other words, in between the spaces of known information, there are attempts to fill in the gaps in knowledge, which results in paradoxes. Of particular importance in this gap-filling process are the three "C's" of collaboration, conflict, and competition.  Collaboration is integral to the successful prevention of influenza pandemics; however, it is this same collaboration wherein which epidemiologists are trained to be so highly specialized that they often depend on unvetted external expert information.  Conflict and competition occur from the geopolitical level all they way down to the level of the individual epidemiologist and are influenced by the political and scientific economy along with social and cultural factors.
Ph. D.

La détention des armes à feu est un comportement très répandu parmi la population civile. La question de cette liberté a fait l'objet d'un certain désintérêt de la part des autorités publiques, des administrés et des commentateurs. L'évolution de cette réglementation, issue de l'avant-guerre, n'a cessé de restreindre les possibilités d'acquérir et de détenir des armes à feu, tout en mettant en place un cadre légal et réglementaire très complexe. Il serait nécessaire de réformer l'ensemble des textes qui régissent cette matière, de manière à revenir à un strict respect des droits des citoyens et de n'interdire que les abus qui pourraient résulter de l'usage de ces matériels
Firearms ownership by civilians is a is a very widespread behaviour. Public authorities, citizens and commentators have shown a certain disinterest about the question of this liberty. The evolution of these regulations, stemming from the pre-war years, has been limiting the possibility to acquire and to be in possession of firearms, while creating a very complex lawful situation. It would be necessary to reform the texts which govern this subject, in order to go back to a strict respect of citizen's rights and to only prevent the abuse of these materials

Frågan om hur företag skall behandla sina utgifter för Forskning och utveckling (FoU)skattemässigt är av stor betydelse eftersom det kan leda till stora skattekonsekvenser för företagen. Huvudfrågorna vid den skattemässiga behandlingen av ett företags utgifter och inkomster är de om omfång och periodisering. Även klassificeringen av en utgift är många gånger av största betydelse i en utredning. Eftersom FoU är ett vitt begrepp som kan omfatta verksamheter av olika typer och med olika resultat kan många avgränsningsfrågor tänkas uppkomma.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda hur företags utgifter för forskning och utveckling skall periodiseras skattemässigt. Som en del av periodiseringsfrågan måste även klassificeringar av utgifter göras. Syftet är därför även att analysera vad som utgör FoU och vilka avgränsningsproblem som kan uppkomma.

A utilização da técnica de teleterapia para tratamento de câncer tem sido usada por anos com bons resultados clínicos. Em meados da década de 90, a remoção do filtro aplainador, item que compõe o cabeçote de um acelerador linear de uso clínico, tem sido objeto de estudos por demonstrar bons resultados no tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer. Técnicas utilizadas como Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada (IMRT) e Radioterapia Estereotáxica (SRT), mostram-se mais eficazes quando não se utiliza o filtro aplainador. A empresa Varian Oncology lançou em 2012 um acelerador linear de uso clínico capaz de operar com o filtro aplainador (FF) e sem o filtro aplainador (FFF), o TrueBeam. Os objetivos desse trabalho são avaliar a homogeneidade de dois importantes parâmetros utilizados para o cálculo de dose nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com esse modelo de acelerador linear, a porcentagem de dose profunda (PDP) e índice de qualidade do feixe (TPR20/10). Os dados fornecidos para a análise foram cedidos pelo Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Real Hospital Português (RHP) e 3 instituições norte-americanas. Através de uma análise estatística dos dados das instituições citadas pode-se observar melhor o comportamento desses parâmetro que demonstraram-se muito homogêneos e com erros menores que 1% na maioria dos casos, confirmando desse modo que os aceleradores lineares do modelo TrueBeam mantém na maioria das vezes uma boa concordância dos parâmetros analisados.
Teletherapy, radiation therapy with linear accelerators, for cancer treatment has being used for years with good clinical results.Since the 90\'s the removal of the flattening filter, item placed at the gantry of the machine, has shown better results for the treatment of some cancers thus being extensively studied. Treatments with Intensity Modulated RadioTherapy (IMRT) and Sthereotaxic RadioTherapy (SRT) were more efficient without the flattening filter. Varian Oncology released the TrueBeam in 2012, a accelerator capable of operating with or without the flattening filter. The aim of this work is to access homogeneity of the percentage depth dose (PDP) and beam quality index (TPR20/10), two important parameters used in patient dose calculations. The data used for analysis were obtained with the Israelita Albert Einstein Hospital (HIAE), Real Português Hospital (RHP) and 3 more institutions located in the United States. The statistical data analysis allowed to observe the parameters behaviors. In general, they were very homogeneous, with errors smaller than 1% confirming the conformance of the TrueBeam accelerators.

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A utilização da técnica de teleterapia para tratamento de câncer tem sido usada por anos com bons resultados clínicos. Em meados da década de 90, a remoção do filtro aplainador, item que compõe o cabeçote de um acelerador linear de uso clínico, tem sido objeto de estudos por demonstrar bons resultados no tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer. Técnicas utilizadas como Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada (IMRT) e Radioterapia Estereotáxica (SRT), mostram-se mais eficazes quando não se utiliza o filtro aplainador. A empresa Varian Oncology lançou em 2012 um acelerador linear de uso clínico capaz de operar com o filtro aplainador (FF) e sem o filtro aplainador (FFF), o TrueBeam. Os objetivos desse trabalho são avaliar a homogeneidade de dois importantes parâmetros utilizados para o cálculo de dose nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com esse modelo de acelerador linear, a porcentagem de dose profunda (PDP) e índice de qualidade do feixe (TPR20/10). Os dados fornecidos para a análise foram cedidos pelo Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Real Hospital Português (RHP) e 3 instituições norte-americanas. Através de uma análise estatística dos dados das instituições citadas pode-se observar melhor o comportamento desses parâmetro que demonstraram-se muito homogêneos e com erros menores que 1% na maioria dos casos, confirmando desse modo que os aceleradores lineares do modelo TrueBeam mantém na maioria das vezes uma boa concordância dos parâmetros analisados.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

The goal of this thesis has been to reduce the hardware cost of SDF FFTs. Inorder to achieve this, two methods for simplifying rotations in FFTs are presented:Decimation and Reduction. When applied, these methods reduce the total amountof angles that the rotators need to rotate, as well as the total angle count of theFFT. This is useful for constant shift and add based rotators, as their hardwarecost are typically dependent on the amount of angles it needs to calculate.Decimation works by splitting a large twiddle factor into a smaller one plusan additional small rotator in series. This allows for the possibility to implementlarge FFTs without needing any large twiddle factors. Reduction is a method thattakes a twiddle factor and simplifies it by removing one angle from the rotator.This can be done without adding any hardware cost if applied correctly.In addition to the methods, the thesis also includes proposed designs for 64- upto 1024-point FFTs, as well as post-implementation results for a 32- and 64-pointFFT.

L'etude a pour objectif d'apporter une contribution a la comprehension des effets de gravite sur les flammes de diffusion turbulentes representatives d'incendie. Pour cela, un feu de nappe d'hydrocarbure de petite dimension (puissance calorifique de l'ordre du kilowatt, diametre egal a 6. 2 cm) est partiellement simule par l'injection d'un combustible gazeux (ethane) au travers d'une surface poreuse placee au sein d'une enceinte. L'influence de la flottabilite est etudiee au travers de la gravite (0. 2 a 12 g#0) et la pression (0. 3 a 3 atm) et evaluee sur la hauteur, la frequence de pulsation, la fraction d'energie rayonnee, ainsi que sur les distributions de vitesse et de temperature. Des modelisations du type froude et de pression sont utilisees pour interpreter les resultats experimentaux. Les resultats de cette etude contribuent a une meilleure evaluation des facteurs d'echelle pour des flammes de diffusion representatives d'incendie, et aident a la validation de certains aspects des modeles de froude et de la pression. Enfin les tendances obtenues dans les evolutions des caracteristiques de flamme devraient fournir des informations fondamentales pour la modelisation de telles flammes

Le propos de ce memoire etait de retracer la dynamique de formation des structures de combustion par l'analyse de leur contexte sedimentaire, afin d'aborder la question de la signification culturelle des activites liees au feu, de la fin du paleolithique au neolithique moyen. La demarche methodologique adoptee s'appuie sur les concepts interpretatifs et les techniques de determination de la micromorphologie des sols. La comparaison des caracteres sedimentaires de situations archeologiques, ethnographiques et experimentales a permis d'elaborer la typologie des signatures diagnostiques des mecanismes de combustion et celle des signatures diagnostiques des processus taphonomiques. Les signatures culturelles sont definies par l'arrangement des temoins de combustion. Trois organisations types sont reconnues: les organisation primaires procedant de l'accumulation des produits de combustion formes in situ ; les organisations secondaires resultant de la dispersion des produits de combustion par les pietinements ; les organisations tertiaires resultant de la redistribution par l'homme des produits de combustion hors de leur site de formation. Cette recherche a conduit a la construction d'un modele qualitatif theorique dela dynamique de formation des structures de combustion, exprime sous forme d'une classification des organisations culturelles selon deux parametres: le degre de preservation qui conduit a discriminer des facies de combustion sensu stricto, residuels et relictuels ; l'aspect sequentiel qui permet d'individualiser les facies monophases, polyphases et polycycliques -

Die Ingenieurgesellschaft entera wurde von der Sächsischen Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft mit der Bearbeitung des Forschungsvorhabens "Ökonomische Bewertung von FFH-Maßnahmen zur Ermittlung wirtschaftlicher Nachteile landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen Sachsens" (Forschungsnummer: 040525) beauftragt. Ziel des Vorhabens war eine ökonomische Bewertung von ausgewählten FFH-Maßnahmen in FFH-Gebieten Sachsens. Des Weiteren sollten wirtschaftliche Nachteile, die landwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen auf Grund von Bewirtschaftungsbeschränkungen im Zuge der Umsetzung der FFH-Richtlinie (RL 92/43/EWG) entstehen, unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Anpassungsstrategien auf einzelbetrieblicher Ebene ermittelt werden. Dieses schloss eine Betrachtung der Thematik "Entwertung des Bodens" mit ein. Im vorliegenden Bericht werden die Ergebnisse der gesamtbetrieblichen Kalkulationen sowie die Auswertungen im Hinblick auf eine Entwertung des Bodens dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse der maßnahmenbezogenen ökonomischen Bewertung sind in einem separaten Band (Endbericht Teil 1 - Teilleistung A, behördeninternes Material) zusammengestellt.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Dakar.
En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 264-269. Notes bibliogr. Glossaire. Index. CREPOS = Centre de recherche sur les politiques sociales.

Ce mémoire porte sur la conception d'un module synthétisable de transformée rapide de Fourier (FFT/IFFT) qui répond aux besoin de reconfigurabilité et de réutilisation tout en traitant efficacement un flot sériel de données complexes. La taille ainsi que les largeurs binaires des interfaces et des bus à l'interne sont paramétrées. Les choix entre le type de transformée et d'ordonnancement sont aussi disponibles. Le module de FFT conçu se base sur une architecture matérielle de type pipelinée qui a comme avantages un accroissement des besoins en ressources logarithmique avec l'augmentation de taille et une faible latence. Des simulations ont permis d'identifier les effets de la quantification sur les performances. En comparaison avec des cores commerciaux, notamment les logicores de Xilinx, on trouve que le module de FFT conçu utilise moins de logique. On présente aussi l'utilisation du module reconfigurable pour la réalisation d'un filtre dans le domaine fréquentiel.

In der Studie wurde eine Maßnahmenplanung zur gemeinsamen Umsetzung der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) und der Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Richtlinie (FFH-RL) unter Berücksichtigung des Biotopverbunds erstellt. Ziel war es, eine optimale Nutzung von Synergieeffekten zu erreichen. Projektgebiet war das FFH-Gebiet »Lossa und Nebengewässer«, das sich überwiegend im Landkreis Leipzig befindet. Mit dem angewendeten Planungsansatz können die finanziellen Aufwendungen bei der praktischen Umsetzung minimiert werden. Zielkonflikte konnten mittels Umsetzbarkeitsanalyse und daraus abgeleiteter Maßnahmenpriorisierung gelöst werden. Die ebenfalls im Rahmen des Projektes erstellte allgemeine Handlungsanleitung (Heft 11/2014 der Schriftenreihe) wurde in dem Pilotgebiet erfolgreich angewendet.

Die Handlungsanleitung ist bei der Planung von Maßnahmen zur gemeinsamen Umsetzung von WRRL, FFH-RL und dem Biotopverbund nutzbar. Sie baut auf verfügbaren Datengrundlagen auf und ist somit allgemein anwendbar. Mit Hilfe des Handlungsleitfadens können Synergieeffekte bestehender Planungen genutzt, Zielkonflikte identifiziert und Lösungsvorschläge aufgezeigt werden. Die Anwendung am konkreten Beispielgebiet »Lossa und Nebengewässer« (siehe Teil 1 – Maßnahmenplanung; Heft 10/2014 der Schriftenreihe) weist die Übertragbarkeit der Methode auf unterschiedliche Gebiete nach.

A system of custom cell building blocks utilizing scaleable CMOS technology is decribed. The cells are design to support the high speed, pipelined addition, subtraction, and multiplication operations neccessary in a cyclic spectral analyser or other applications involving the FFT. The cells are structured in such a manner as to permit a designer to tailor the bit-length of the operations and the number of pipline stages used. Both fixed and floating operations are supported by the system. The size and performance characteristics of devices produced using the cells are compared with previously produced Genesil Silicon Complier pipelined desings. The appendix contains designs of 16-bit mantissa, 12-bit exponent floating point multiplier and adder produced from the standard cells. If fabricated in 1.2(symbol) feature size technology, the theoretical maximum clock speed and throughput rate is 102 MHz with an asymmetric clock and 61 MHz using a symmetric clock waveform. Devices with clock speeds up to 178 MHz are possible if the number of logic cells between a pipeline stage is reduced to one

Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.
Project advisor: Stan Henderson. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 21, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).
The sparse Fourier transform leverages the intrinsic sparsity of the frequency spectrum in many natural applications to compute the discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in sub-linear time. Consequently, it has the potential to enable Big Data applications. In this thesis, we focus on extending the sparse Fourier transform (sparse FFT) to two imaging applications: 4D Light Field and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Directly applying sparse FFT to these applications however will not work. We need to extend the sparse FFT algorithm to address the following challenges: First, both applications are sample-intensive. It is time consuming, costly, and difficult to acquire samples. So, we need a new sparse FFT algorithm that minimizes the number of required input samples instead of purely focusing on the running time. Second, for these applications the spectra are not very sparse in the discrete Fourier domain. The sparsity is much greater in the continuous Fourier domain. Hence, we need a new sparse FFT algorithm that can leverage the sparsity in the continuous domain as opposed to the discrete domain. In this thesis, we design a sparse FFT algorithm suitable for our imaging applications. Our algorithm contains two phases: it first reconstructs a coarse discrete spectrum and then refines it using gradient descent in the continuous Fourier domain. In our experiments, we showed high-quality reconstruction of 4D light field with only 10% 20% of the samples, and a reduction of the MRS acquisition time by a factor of 3x 4x.
by Lixin Shi.
S.M.

Part of this research focused on the predecessors of the FFA by outlining the history and purposes of agricultural organizations formed since the late 1700s. The past two centuries of American agricultural history is rich with efforts to educate and improve agricultural practices through organized groups of farmers and other rural leaders. Early in the development of agricultural societies, experimentation and successful practices were shared with others in the local organization and works were often published in journals or newspapers for educational and informational purposes. Regular meetings and fellowship were also a major focus of the early groups. The national organizations that formed later such as the Grange, included the fraternal, social, and educational aspects while maintaining a focus on the economics of farming. The boys’ and girls’ club movement provided opportunities for youth to meet, learn, and participate in agricultural competitions. The center of activities for youth organizations quickly shifted from community groups to agricultural education programs in the public schools. Clubs that formed within agricultural education programs in Virginia soon united to create the Future Farmers of Virginia. The FFV and FFA that followed initiated the use of certain symbols, colors, and ritual ceremonies that can be traced directly to the agricultural societies. This research identified many agricultural societies and youth clubs that had a profound influence on the development of the National FFA Organization. The major purpose of this study was to describe the establishment of the Future Farmers of American and to document the accomplishments of Virginia FFA members at the state and national levels. The objectives of the study were: To describe the historical events and circumstances that led to the establishment of the Future Farmers of Virginia and the Future Farmers of America, To document Virginia FFA history by recording achievements of members and chapters at the state level, To document the achievements of Virginia FFA members and chapters at the national level, and To provide a history of the Virginia FFA Association from 1925 to the present. The Virginia FFA Association is rich with historical information that ranges from the formation of the Future Farmers of Virginia in 1925, the forming of a national organization in 1928, and 75 years of accomplishments by Virginia FFA members.
Ph. D.

Denna uppsats fokuserar på styrning i tvärfunktionella FoU-projekt. Det har blivit allt vanligare med tvärfunktionella projektgrupper i dagens FoU- projekt. En anledning är att dessa projektgrupper förväntas bl a förkorta utvecklingstiderna och på så sätt bidra till effektivare och konkurrenskraftigare FoU-projekt. I projektstyrningslitteraturen framstår det som särskilt svårt att styra tvärfunktionella FoU-projekt då de ofta omfattas av stor osäkerhet och är komplexa i många hänseenden. Styrningen i denna uppsats utgår från två perspektiv; ett vertikalt och ett horisontellt perspektiv. Den tidiga projektstyrningslitteraturen har främst haft ett vertikalt perspektiv på styrning, men en senare trend i litteraturen föreslår istället ett horisontellt perspektiv på styrning. I denna uppsats har det dock argumenterats för att det krävs både vertikal och horisontell styrning i tvärfunktionella FoU-projekt. Uppsatsens övergripande syfte är att skapa en fördjupad förståelse för styrning i tvärfunktionella FoU- projekt. Syftet har preciserats genom två forskningsfrågor, nämligen: Hur kan en styrmix med vertikala och horisontella inslag se ut i ett tvärfunktionellt FoU-projekt? Vilka mekanismer ligger till grund för styrmixens utformning i ett tvärfunktionellt FoU-projekt? Studien baserades på en fallstudieansats och en förstudie samt en huvudstudie har genomförts. Syftet med förstudien var att begränsa forskningsområdet och att identifiera forskningsfrågor som även hade praktisk relevans. Huvudstudien bestod av ett tvärfunktionellt FoU-projekt som bedrevs i samarbete mellan LKAB och en av deras kunder. Det empiriska materialet samlades främst in genom personliga intervjuer med projektdeltagarna men det inkluderar även olika projektrapporter. Resultaten av denna studie tyder på att styrmixen i tvärfunktionella FoU- projekt utformas dels för att hantera beroendeförhållanden och dels för att reducera de olika dimensionerna av osäkerhet som kan finnas i projektet. Ett annat resultat av studien indikerar att horisontell styrning utgör grunden för styrmixen i tvärfunktionella FoU-projekt, men det krävdes även samordning genom det vertikala perspektivet. Den mekanism som verkade ha störst inflytande på styrmixens utformning, i ett tvärfunktionellt FoU- projekt som genomfördes tillsammans med en kund, var dock viljan att bevara den goda relationen mellan företagen.
Godkänd; 2006; 20061201 (haneit)

Cette thèse se veut une tentative visant une meilleure connaissance de la péninsule arabique. Notamment par l'examen d'un objet d'étude susceptible de projeter une lumière nouvelle sur la question. Nous avons donc voulu revisiter la région à travers et autour de l'élément igné qui est le feu. Il s'agit d'interroger les textes arabes médiévaux sur la place réservée à cet élément dans la société préislamique allant : des pratiques, rites, mythes et usages quotidiens à quelques aspects ethnologiques, linguistiques et littéraires
This thesis is aimed for a better understanding of the Arabic peninsula. Notably by the study of an object that would likely enrich the question. In effect we wanted to revisit the region across and around a natural element which is fire. Through the medieval Arab texts we shall try to know the reserved place of fire in the pre-Islamic society. It is to examine practices, rituals, myths and manners in addition to the ethnological, linguistic and literary aspects

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur familjebehandlare upplever det att arbeta med FFT-metoden samt de faktorerna som gör den funktionell. Eftersom FFT är anpassad till den amerikanska kulturen som skiljer sig ganska mycket från den svenska, båda i kultur och socialsystem är det viktigt att inte bara utvärdera utifrån modellen men också hur implementering och anpassning av modellen har gått. För att kunna besvara syftet och frågeställningar har fem kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts av semistrukturerad karaktär. Urvalet av respondenter gjordes utifrån snöbollsmetoden där de intervjuade arbetar inom socialtjänstens öppenvård. Resultaten visade att det finns många saker som ska tas hänsyn till vid anpassning till andra kulturer, bland annat utbildningar, målgrupper och ekonomi. FFT är en behandlingsmetod och en påbyggnadsutbildning där gränsen mellan det som är klientens behandling och det som är FFT-terapeuternas utbildning är diffus. Studien kan bidra med tankar om hur man skulle kunna göra vidare studier rörande utbildning och implementering av evidensbaserade modeller.

Etude du rayonnement des flammes de diffusions libres susceptibles de se developper sur une surface de dimension restreinte (cuve circulaire de 15cm de diametre) de kerosene. Les transferts en retour vers la base du foyer source et des cibles de l'environnement immediat sont pris en compte. Les proprietes radiatives des flammes et la formation des suies dans la flamme sont etudiees. Un modele mathematique est utilise pour calculer les flux rayonnes des flammes. Sa validite et son niveau d'applicabilite sont determines

Som en konsekvens av alltmer investeringar inom forskning och utveckling (FoU), och dess betydelse för ekonomisk tillväxt, företagsresultat och välfärd, har denna immateriella tillgång fått ett ökat intresse bland forskare. Samtidigt pågår spekulationer om huruvida informationen om FoU, inte minst i läkemedelsföretag, påverkar kostnaden på eget kapital och hur olikakapitalkostnader påverkas av obligatoriska rapporteringskrav. Trots det har regleringen av FoU-rapportering fått lite uppmärksamhet. Exempelvis leder EU-direktiv till att FoUrapporteringen kan ses som frivillig istället för obligatorisk.Det huvudsakliga syftet med studien var att beskriva och analysera hur större omfattning av FoU-rapportering påverkar läkemedelsföretags kostnader på eget kapital och hur reglerad FoU-rapportering inverkar på läkemedelsföretags omfattning av sådan rapportering och deras kostnader på eget kapital. Urvalsramen bestod av läkemedelsföretag från Sverige, Belgien,Storbritannien, Tyskland, Frankrike, Norge, Schweiz och Danmark. Av 31 läkemedelsföretag uppfyllde 29 kraven för att ingå i studien. Multipla regressionsanalyser visar att reglerad FoUrapportering leder till att läkemedelsföretagens omfattning av FoU-rapportering generellt ökar,men utan att det påverkar deras kostnader på eget kapital. Vidare visar analyserna att större omfattning av FoU-rapportering inte har någon inverkan på läkemedelsföretags kostnader på eget kapital, men att läkemedelsföretagens omfattning av FoU-rapportering påverkas av storleken på läkemedelsföretag i länder som har oreglerad FoU-rapportering.
As a consequence of growing investments in research and development (R&D), and its importance for economic growth, corporate earnings and welfare, the interest among researchers for this intangible asset has increased. At the same time, speculations regarding if the information about R&D activities, not least in pharmaceutical companies, affects the cost of equity, and how different capital costs are affected by mandatory disclosure requirements. However, the regulation of R&D-disclosure has received little attention. For example, the result of some EU directives is that R & D-disclosure can be seen as voluntary rather than mandatory.The main purpose of the study was to describe and analyse how a more extensive R&Ddisclosure affects pharmaceutical companies' cost of equity and how regulated R&Ddisclosure affects the pharmaceutical companies extent of such disclosure and their cost of equity. The selection group consisted of pharmaceutical companies from Sweden, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, France, Norway, Switzerland and Denmark. Out of 31 pharmaceuticalcompanies, 29 met the requirements to be included in the study. Multiple regression analyses show that regulating R&D-disclosure leads to a general increase in the extent of R&Ddisclosure by pharmaceutical companies, but without affecting their costs of equity. Furthermore, the analyses show that a greater extent of R&D-disclosure has no impact on the pharmaceutical companies' cost of equity, but that the extent of R&D-disclosure bypharmaceutical companies is affected by the size of pharmaceutical companies in countries that have unregulated R&D-disclosure.

Betyg D, 170915

This report aims to provide a complete specification of an IEEE-754 1985 compliantdesign, as well as a working, synthesizable implementation in Verilog HDL. Thereport is based on a preliminary project, which analyzed the IEEE-754 standardand suggested a set of algorithms suitable for a compact realization.Through traditional methods of both algorithmic analysis and dataanalysis,requirements of functional units are derived, and operations are scheduled.A set of functional simulations assert the correctness of the design, while areaand performance analysis provides information on the speedup gained, versus thehardware cost.Finally, the results obtained are compared to existing implementations, bothhardware and software.