Journal articles: 'FFU'

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Wang, Yi Wang. "Research on FFU Power Supply Based on Variable Universe Adaptive Fuzzy Control." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.170.

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There are serious nonlinear, variable strongly coupling characteristic in traditional fan filter units (FFU) motor, and its electromagnetic relationship is hard to analyze. In order to solve these problems, and because the FFU motor has serious nonlinear, variable strongly coupling characteristic, a control system for FFU motor speed regulation is carried out based on the variable universe fuzzy theory, which can modify universe according to the change of inputs. The simulation analysin and experimental results are prposed and verified the power supply can more effectively achieve the FFU fan motor variable frequency speed regulation control than traditional methods and the performance of the proposed control strategy.

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Schuster, P., T. Müller, A. Vos, T. Selhorst, L. Neubert, and E. Pommerening. "Comparative immunogenicity and efficacy studies with oral rabies virus vaccine SAD P5/88 in raccoon dogs and red foxes." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49, no. 3 (August 2001): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.49.2001.3.4.

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A comparative study of immunogenicity and efficacy of the oral rabies virus vaccine SAD P5/88 in raccoon dogs and foxes was conducted. The raccoon dogs received 10 (n = 6), 106.3 (n = 6) or 105.7 FFU SAD P5/88 (n = 5) by direct oral application, and subsequently all animals seroconverted. The foxes received 107.2 (n = 4), 106.2 (n = 4), 105.2 (n = 4) and 104.2 FFU SAD P5/88 (n = 5) by the same route. On days 106 and 196 post vaccination 10 raccoon dogs and 16 foxes were challenged with a relevant street virus, respectively. All 10 raccoon dogs vaccinated with 106.3 (n = 5) or 105.7 FFU SAD P5/88 (n = 5) survived the challenge, whereas all control animals (n = 5) died of rabies. Two foxes vaccinated with 104.2 FFU and one fox vaccinated with 105.2 FFU died of rabies on day 7, 17 and 12 post infection, respectively. Also all control foxes succumbed to rabies. Our findings demonstrate that SAD P5/88 is not only an effective vaccine for oral vaccination of foxes but also for that of raccoon dogs.

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Wang, Yi Wang, Bo Zhang, Feng Wen Cao, and Hui Pan. "FFU Motors Remote Monitoring System Based on Power Line Communication and GPRS." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 5113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.5113.

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In view of the advantage of low voltage power line carrier technique and general packet radio service(GPRS), a solution of fan filter unit(FFU) motor remote mointoring system based on GPRS and low voltage power line communication is introduced. This system combines a framework of low voltage power line communication and GPRS network with host computer monitoring center, which changes the traditional FFU motor control mode, and realize FFU motor remote real-time on-line automatic monitoring.The system implementation methods were described in detail, and the hardware and sofware design were given.The test and practice showed that the proposed has higher efficient and stronger anti-interference capability, which met the requirements of networkization and intelligentization, and a better way for the FFU motor control. The designed system has good application value.

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Wang, Yi Wang. "The Development of DSP-Based FFU Motor Digital Variable Frequency Control System." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2172.

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The variable frequency speed control is one of the most important issues for fan filter unit (FFU) system. A novel digital variable frequency control system for FFU motors were proposed and developed to decrease running losses, and improve the speed control effect and accuracy. The system uses high-performance digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F2812 as the control core, which adopts a dedicated motor pulse width modulation (PWM) control module to achieve the FFU motors real-time online digital variable frequency control. The composition and working principle of control system were illustrated, the hardware and software design were illustrated in detail. Finally, the experimental results on control system prototype were given, which confirm the effectiveness and validity of the control strategy, and demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve accurate variable frequency speed control of FFU motors.

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Xu, Tengfang, and Ming-Shan Jeng. "Laboratory Evaluation of Fan-Filter Units' Aerodynamic and Energy Performance." Journal of the IEST 47, no. 1 (September 14, 2004): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.47.1.33g3m40327m78p52.

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Use of a consistent testing method is beneficial is characterizing aerodynamic and energy performance of fan-filter units (FFUs). Evaluation methods of laboratory-measured performance for ten relatively new, 1220 mm × 610 mm (or 4 ft × 2 ft) FFUs are presented. The paper includes results such as energy performance indices (EPI) based upon the sample FFUs tested. This paper concludes that there are variations in FFU performance, and that using a consistent testing and evaluation method can generate compatible and comparable FFU performance information. The paper also suggests that benefits and opportunities exist for integrating this method of testing FFU energy performance into future recommended practices.

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Wang, Yi Wang. "Application of Solar Photovoltaic Power Supply System in Cleaning Room Project." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2057–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2057.

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Cleanroom project has gained wide application in electronics and other industries,FFU(Fan Filter Unit) system as a major energy-consuming equipment of cleanroom project,reducing its energy consumption is one of the research hotspots in the industry. Combined with solar power technology, application of solar photovoltaic power supply system in cleaning room project can significantly reduce system energy consumption. Using solar-powered for FFU system in the cleanroom project, a solar-powered FFU system is designed and developed in this paper.System architecture, hardware and software development and system implementation are introduced. application of solar photovoltaic power supply system in cleaning room project will save a lot of energy, The designed system has high energy-efficient,and will obtain significantly economic and social benefits.

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Laroche, J. P., R. Bessis, M. Dadon, and C. Delattre. "Fédération française d’ultrasons (FFU) : mode d’emploi." Journal des Maladies Vasculaires 36, no. 3 (June 2011): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmv.2011.02.004.

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Koller, Günther. "FFU synthetic sleeper – Projects in Europe." Construction and Building Materials 92 (September 2015): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.118.

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9

Islam, Mohammed Alimul, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty, Sumaiya Islam, Mohiuddin Sharif, Md Rajibur Rahman, Mohammad Robed Amin, Md Mortuza Ali, Md Tanvir Rahman, Kouichi Morita, and Hossam M. Ashour. "A Novel Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (November 5, 2020): 8281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218281.

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The goal of the study was to develop a specific, sensitive, and cost-effective molecular RT-PCR diagnostic assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection of the serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) from sera of suspected febrile patients. A single-tube, single-step multiplex RT-PCR (mRT-PCR) assay was designed for the detection of viral genomes from clinical and field samples. Specificity and sensitivity of the mRT-PCR assay were evaluated against six different combinations using two reverse transcriptases (AMV-RT and RT-Ace) and three DNA polymerases (LA-Taq, rTaq, and Tth). Among the six combinations, the AMV-RT and LA-Taq combination was more specific and sensitive than other enzyme combinations for detecting viral genomes of DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 (p < 0.01), and for detecting viral genomes of CHIKV (p < 0.05). The detection limits of the mRT-PCR were 10 focus forming units (FFU) for CHIKV and 1 FFU, 20 FFU, 0.1 FFU, and 10 FFU for DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4, respectively. The primers used for the mRT-PCR did not show any cross-reactivity among the serotypes of DENV or CHIKV. Specificity and sensitivity of the newly developed mRT-PCR were validated using serum samples collected from febrile patients during dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh. The sensitivity for serotype detection of DENV and CHIKV was superior to the virus isolation method and the antigen detection method using the Dengue NS1-Ag assay. This novel mRT-PCR method can be used for molecular epidemiological surveillance of DENV and CHIKV in epidemic and endemic countries.

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Ferreira, Cláudia Dos Reis, Rodrigo Camara de Souza, Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia, Alexander Silva de Resende, Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos, and Marcos Gervasio Pereira. "Edaphic arthropods in different successional stages of Atlantic forest and abandoned pasture areas." Comunicata Scientiae 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v8i2.1750.

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The vegetation may modifies the structure and composition of the community of edaphic arthropods. This study aimed to compare the community of edaphic arthropods in four areas of abandoned pasture (AP1, AP2, AP3, AP4) and four secondary native forest fragments in a successional gradient (FF1, FF2, FF3, FF4), in Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The areas are positioned on the hillside and the sampling was conducted in transects outlined in a toposequence (upper, middle and lower sections), where pitfall traps were installed in the dry season. The organisms were identified in taxonomic groups (class, order and family). Comparing the averages for AP and FF, there was no defined pattern in terms of the response of structural attributes (total abundance, richness, uniformity and diversity). Among the areas of FF, higher values of all of the structural attributes occurred in the intermediate stages of forest succession (FF2, FF3), compared to the initial (FF1) and advanced stages (FF4). On average for the FF, the most favored groups were Archaeognatha, Coleoptera, Entomobryomorpha, Pseudoscorpionida, Psocoptera and Symphypleona. On average for the areas of AP, the most favored groups were Acari, Araneae, Formicidae, Diplopoda and Auchenorrhyncha. Among the areas of FF, Sternorryncha, Symphyla and Thysanura were favored in FF1, while Coleoptera, Psocoptera, Pseudoscorpionida, Entomobryomorpha and Archaeognatha were favored in the other successional stages (FF2, FF3, FF4

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Xu, Yifei, Zhuming Zhou, Xiao Li, Nuo Zhang, Meizi Zhang, and Pingping Wei. "FFU-Net: Feature Fusion U-Net for Lesion Segmentation of Diabetic Retinopathy." BioMed Research International 2021 (January 2, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6644071.

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Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main causes of blindness in human eyes, and lesion segmentation is an important basic work for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Due to the small lesion areas scattered in fundus images, it is laborious to segment the lesion of diabetic retinopathy effectively with the existing U-Net model. In this paper, we proposed a new lesion segmentation model named FFU-Net (Feature Fusion U-Net) that enhances U-Net from the following points. Firstly, the pooling layer in the network is replaced with a convolutional layer to reduce spatial loss of the fundus image. Then, we integrate multiscale feature fusion (MSFF) block into the encoders which helps the network to learn multiscale features efficiently and enrich the information carried with skip connection and lower-resolution decoder by fusing contextual channel attention (CCA) models. Finally, in order to solve the problems of data imbalance and misclassification, we present a Balanced Focal Loss function. In the experiments on benchmark dataset IDRID, we make an ablation study to verify the effectiveness of each component and compare FFU-Net against several state-of-the-art models. In comparison with baseline U-Net, FFU-Net improves the segmentation performance by 11.97%, 10.68%, and 5.79% on metrics SEN, IOU, and DICE, respectively. The quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate the superiority of our FFU-Net in the task of lesion segmentation of diabetic retinopathy.

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12

Kaarsted, Thomas. "Borgerne og bibliotekerne ind i forskningen!" Revy 42, no. 3 (August 16, 2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/revy.v42i3.5766.

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Behera, Pramoda Kumar. "Flash Flood Utilization (FFU) For Indian Farmers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 1829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.30661.

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Ceglarz, Andrzej. "Conference Report: Environment.Energy.Climate International FFU PhD Workshop." Polish Political Science Review 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppsr-2015-0017.

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15

Sengsri, Pasakorn, Chayut Ngamkhanong, Andre Luis Oliveira de Melo, Mayorkinos Papaelias, and Sakdirat Kaewunruen. "Damage Detection in Fiber-Reinforced Foamed Urethane Composite Railway Bearers Using Acoustic Emissions." Infrastructures 5, no. 6 (June 21, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5060050.

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To a certain degree, composite railway sleepers and bearers have been recently employed as a replacement for conventional timber sleepers. Importantly, attributed to the rise in traffic demand, structural health monitoring of track structural members is essential to improve the maintenance regime and reduce risks imposed by any structural damage. A potential modern technique for detecting damage in railway components by using energy waves is called acoustic emission (AE). This technique has been widely used for concrete structures in other engineering applications, but the application for composites is relatively limited. Recently, fiber-reinforced foamed urethane (FFU) composites have been utilized as railway sleepers and bearers for applications in the railway industry. Neither does a design standard exist, nor have the inspection and monitoring criteria been properly established. In this study, three-point bending tests were performed together with using the AE method to detect crack growth in FFU composite beams. The ultimate state behaviors are considered to obtain the failure modes. This paper is thus the world’s first to focus on damage detection approaches for FFU composite beams using AE technology, additionally identifying the load-deflection curves of the beams. According to the experimental results, it is apparent that the failure modes of FFU composite beams are likely to be in brittle modes. Through finite element method, the results were in good agreement with less than 0.14% discrepancy between the experimental and numerical data. The attractive insights into an alternative technique for damage assessment of the composite components will help railway engineers to establish structural monitoring guidelines for railway composite sleepers and bearers.

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Sengsri, Pasakorn, Chayut Ngamkhanong, Andre Luis Oliveira de Melo, and Sakdirat Kaewunruen. "Experimental and Numerical Investigations into Dynamic Modal Parameters of Fiber-Reinforced Foamed Urethane Composite Beams in Railway Switches and Crossings." Vibration 3, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vibration3030014.

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Dynamic behaviors of composite railway sleepers and bearers in railway switches and crossings are not well-known and have never been thoroughly investigated. In fact, the dynamic properties of the full-scale composite sleepers and bearers are not available in practice. Importantly, the deteriorated condition or even the failure of composite materials and components in the railway system can affect the functional limitations or serviceability of the switches and crossings. Especially, it is important to identify the dynamic modal parameters of Fiber-reinforced Foamed Urethane (FFU) composite railway sleepers and bearers so that track engineers can adequately design and optimize the structural components with their superior properties, for benchmarking with the conventional sleepers and bearers. This paper is the world’s first to investigate the vibration characteristics of full-scaled FFU composite beams in healthy and damaged conditions, using the impact hammer excitation technique. This study also determines the dynamic elastic modulus of FFU composite beams from experimental dynamic measurements. It is found that the first bending mode in a vertical plane obviously is the first dominant mode of resonance under a free-free condition. The dynamic modal parameters reduce when damages occur. In this study, finite-element modeling has been used to establish a realistic dynamic model of the railway track incorporating FFU composite sleepers and bearers. Then, numerical simulations and experimental campaigns have been performed to enable new insights into the dynamic behaviors of composite sleepers and bearers. These insights are fundamental to the performance benchmarking as well as the development of vibration-based condition monitoring and inspection for predictive track maintenance.

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Huang, Jian Wei. "An Investigation of GFRP Bar Reinforced Light Weight Concrete (LWC) Bridge Deck." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 2037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.2037.

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To avoid the creep rupture of GFRP bar in RC members, not exceeding 20% design tensile strength (ffu)) is recommended as design limit for sustained stress level in GFRP bar in current ACI 440.1R-06 guideline. In this paper, the effects of using light weight concrete (LWC) is studied to investigate the sustained stress level in GFRP bar RC bridge decks by a parametric study. Results show that the sustained stress in GFRP bar in LWC bridge decks is in between 2.8-5.7% of ffu, while it is about 3.44-7.52% for normal weight concrete (NWC) deck.

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Nonaka, Tatsuo, Kikuo Takeda, Reiko Iikawa, Toshikazu Taira, Taketoshi Fujimoto, and Taketoshi Nakahara. "Evaluation of Chemical Filters Using Wafer Exposure Method and Experimental FFU." Journal of the IEST 46, no. 1 (September 14, 2003): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.46.1.y2510660g86310j3.

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Airborne molecular contaminants (AMCs) have become a serious problem with recent advances in semiconductor manufacturing technology. The use of chemical filters to remove AMCs in cleanrooms is critical for improving the yield of semiconductor devices. The experimental FFU is designed for the evaluation of chemical filters. Silicon wafers exposed in the downstream air of chemical filters in the experimental FFU were investigated by Wafer Thermal Desorption—Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (WTD-GC-MS). Organic contaminants caused by outgassing from the chemical filter were detected on the surface of the silicon wafer and compared among various chemical filters. Results showed that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from chemical filters adsorbed on the surface of silicon wafers located downstream of the filters. It was also found that the organic contamination on the surface was related to the amount of outgassing from the chemical filters. In addition, the rates of decrease of organic contamination emitted from various ULPA filters were compared using the experimental FFU. The rate of decrease of organic contamination emitted from the low-outgassing ULPA filter was also superior to that of the normal ULPA filter.

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Wang, Yi Wang. "FFU Motors Group Control System Based on Wireless Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 1222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.1222.

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A novel fan filter unit (FFU) motors group control system based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks is designed and implemented. The overall structure and composition of the proposed system were described. The design was achieved by software and hardware, used the digita1 signal controller (DSC) dsPIC30F3010 as the control core. The group system communicate by the use of ZigBee wireless sensor network based CC2531,which effectively overcome the traditional FFU fan group control network wiring complexity and high cost disadvantages, and improve the flexibility and control accuracy, meanwhile reducing system cost.The testing results show that the proposed system is feasible, accurate monitoring and control effectively, has the high valuable in engineering and marketing.

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Dangsagul, Worawat, Kriengsak Ruchusatsawat, Apiwat Tawatsin, Don Changsom, Pirom Noisumdaeng, Sukontip Putchakarn, Chayawat Phatihattakorn, Prasert Auewarakul, and Pilaipan Puthavathana. "Zika virus isolation, propagation, and quantification using multiple methods." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): e0255314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255314.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) was isolated from the archival urine, serum, and autopsy specimens by intrathoracic inoculation of Toxorhynchitis splendens and followed by three blind sub-passaging in C6/36 mosquito cells. The virus isolates were identified using an immunofluorescence assay and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). This study analyzed 11 ZIKV isolates. One isolate (0.6%) was obtained from 171 urine samples, eight (8.7%) from 92 serum samples and two from tissues of an abortive fetus. After propagation in C6/36 cells, ZIKV was titrated by plaque and focus forming unit (FFU) assays in Vero cell monolayers, and viral genomes were determined via real-time and digital RT-PCR. Plaque and FFU assay quantitations were comparable, with the amount of infectious viruses averaging 106−107 PFU or FFU/ml. Real-time RT-PCR semi-quantified the viral genome numbers, with Ct values varying from 12 to 14. Digital RT-PCR, which precisely determines the numbers of the viral genomes, consistently averaged 10–100 times higher than the number of infectious units. There was good correlation between the results of these titration methods. Therefore, the selection of a method should be based on the objectives of each research studies.

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Zlotogora, J., E. Rosenmann, M. Menashe, G. C. Robin, and T. Cohen. "The femur, fibula, ulna (FFU) complex in siblings." Clinical Genetics 24, no. 6 (April 23, 2008): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1983.tb00102.x.

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Wei, X. K., Y. Z. Zhong, Y. Pan, X. N. Li, J. J. Liang, and T. R. Luo. "The N and P genes facilitate pathogenicity of the rabies virus G gene." Veterinární Medicína 63, No. 12 (December 3, 2018): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/63/2018-vetmed.

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To explore the effects of different gene combinations on the pathogenicity of the rabies virus (RABV), six chimeric RABV mutants, rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG), rRC-HL(NP), rRC-HL(NM) and rRC-HL(NPG), were constructed using a reverse genetic technique based on an avirulent parental rRC-HL strain and a virulent parental GX074 isolate. These mutants were intracerebrally inoculated into adult mice. The results indicated that 102 ffu and 106 ffu of rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG) and rRC-HL(NPG) were 100% lethal. In the case of intramuscular viral infection, none of the mice inoculated with 102 ffu of any of the RABV mutants, including GX074, died; at 106 ffu, rRC-HL(G) was lethal in 2/5 cases, rRC-HL(NG) was lethal in 1/5 cases and rRC-HL(PG) was lethal for 2/5 mice. The rRC-HL(NPG) mutant was fatal for 3/5 mice, as was the parental GX074. Furthermore, the LD50 values of the chimeric RABV mutants were measured, with the results showing that the LD50 values of both rRC-HL(NG) and rRC-HL(PG) were lower than that of rRC-HL(G), but higher than that of rRC-HL(NPG). Thus, the action of N + G, or P + G, or N + P + G gene combinations may be more pronounced than that of the G gene alone. Body weight changes and the clinical symptoms of the tested mice were consistent with pathogenicity. These data indicate that the N and P genes are involved in and facilitate the pathogenicity of the RABV G gene. These experiments provide further evidence that multi-gene cooperation is responsible for the virulence of RABV.

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Chen, Juhn-Jie, Ming-Shan Jeng, Chao-Ho Lan, and Yan-Ching Lee. "The Feasibility of Differential Flow Velocity Dividing Working Areas in a Cleanroom." Journal of the IEST 47, no. 2 (September 14, 2004): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.47.2.k46157w550228238.

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The possibility of dividing working areas by airflow velocity differences in a cleanroom with fan-filter unit (FFU) systems was investigated. Without physical partitions, the cleanroom area was divided into working and non-working areas defined by the FFU exit flow velocities, which were maintained at constant value in the working areas and reduced in the non-working areas. As uniform micro-sized particles were released from a particle generator in the non-working area, the concentrations of particles in the working area were monitored by a particle counter. The results showed that high downward flow velocity in the working area can effectively prevent particles from spreading. The results also suggested an optimum velocity ratio of 20% between adjacent flow regions, in terms of the balance between energy savings and the effective partition insulation.

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Cosci, B., A. Vivaldi, C. Romei, F. Gemignani, S. Landi, R. Ciampi, A. Tacito, et al. "In silico and in vitro analysis of rare germline allelic variants of RET oncogene associated with medullary thyroid cancer." Endocrine-Related Cancer 18, no. 5 (August 2, 2011): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-11-0117.

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Germline and somaticREToncogene mutations are found in 98% hereditary and 40% sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas. Our aim was to analyse byin silicoandin vitroassays the transforming activity of six rareRETmutations (T338I, V648I, M918V, A883T, S904F and M848T). Six knownRETmutations were used as controls. Thein silicoanalysis showed the highest score value (i.e. 65) for S904F, M848T, M918T and C634R, whereas L790F, G691S, T338I and V648I had 0 score. Intermediate score values were obtained by A883T (score=55), M918V, V804M and Y791F (score=15). Thein vitrofocus formation assay showed that cells transfected with S904F, M918T, M848T or C634R generated the largest number of focus formation units (FFU). Intermediate numbers of FFU were observed in cells transfected with M918V, V804M, Y791F or A883T, while cells transfected with L790F, G691S, T338I or V648I showed a number of FFU similar to control cells. A positive correlation between thein silicoscore andin vitroFFU was found (P=0.0005). Only cells transfected with M918T or C634R grew faster and generated higher number of colonies in soft agar than control cells. However, the cells that were transfected with V804M produced an intermediate number of colonies. In conclusion, two of the six rareRETmutations, S904F and M848T possessed a relatively high transforming activity but a low aggressiveness; the other four mutations T338I, V648I, M918V and A883T were low or non-transforming, and their ability to induce tumoural transformation might be related to particular genetic conditions.

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Guimarães Romero, Ana Teresa, Toshiya Matsui, and Eriko Nagahama. "Investigation on the Organic Acid Content inside the Storage of a Woodblock Print Collection and Evaluation on the FFU System as a Mitigation Strategy." Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/res-2020-0007.

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Abstract This paper describes an investigation on the storage environment of an Edo period woodblock print collection in terms of volatile organic acid content, using active air sampling and precision gas detector tubes that can measure organic acid emissions in the low microgram range, and evaluates an organic acid mitigation method based on the fan filter unit (FFU) system. Ion-exchange chromatography method was also employed for estimation of acetic and formic acid ratio. Findings revealed an organic acid-concentrated microclimate inside the storage box, nevertheless, the off-gassing rates of the woodblock prints were low, with the exception of a print positioned in the middle of the stack. The acetic acid/formic acid ratio was similar between the storage room environment and inside the storage box, but comparatively higher levels of formic acid were identified in the mulberry paper folder housing the prints. Finally, the FFU system was able to reduce organic acid concentrations inside the storage box for a 5-month observation period, but it did not eliminate the tendency of the storage materials to create organic acid-concentrated microclimates.

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Carvajal-Ramírez, Fernando, João Manuel Pereira Ramalho Serrano, Francisco Agüera-Vega, and Patricio Martínez-Carricondo. "A Comparative Analysis of Phytovolume Estimation Methods Based on UAV-Photogrammetry and Multispectral Imagery in a Mediterranean Forest." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21 (November 3, 2019): 2579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212579.

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Management and control operations are crucial for preventing forest fires, especially in Mediterranean forest areas with dry climatic periods. One of them is prescribed fires, in which the biomass fuel present in the controlled plot area must be accurately estimated. The most used methods for estimating biomass are time-consuming and demand too much manpower. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carrying multispectral sensors can be used to carry out accurate indirect measurements of terrain and vegetation morphology and their radiometric characteristics. Based on the UAV-photogrammetric project products, four estimators of phytovolume were compared in a Mediterranean forest area, all obtained using the difference between a digital surface model (DSM) and a digital terrain model (DTM). The DSM was derived from a UAV-photogrammetric project based on the structure from a motion algorithm. Four different methods for obtaining a DTM were used based on an unclassified dense point cloud produced through a UAV-photogrammetric project (FFU), an unsupervised classified dense point cloud (FFC), a multispectral vegetation index (FMI), and a cloth simulation filter (FCS). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons determined the ability of the phytovolume estimators for vegetation detection and occupied volume. The results show that there are no significant differences in surface vegetation detection between all the pairwise possible comparisons of the four estimators at a 95% confidence level, but FMI presented the best kappa value (0.678) in an error matrix analysis with reference data obtained from photointerpretation and supervised classification. Concerning the accuracy of phytovolume estimation, only FFU and FFC presented differences higher than two standard deviations in a pairwise comparison, and FMI presented the best RMSE (12.3 m) when the estimators were compared to 768 observed data points grouped in four 500 m2 sample plots. The FMI was the best phytovolume estimator of the four compared for low vegetation height in a Mediterranean forest. The use of FMI based on UAV data provides accurate phytovolume estimations that can be applied on several environment management activities, including wildfire prevention. Multitemporal phytovolume estimations based on FMI could help to model the forest resources evolution in a very realistic way.

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Zhao, Shizhen, Changxin Gao, Yuanjie Shao, Lerenhan Li, Changqian Yu, Zhong Ji, and Nong Sang. "GTNet: Generative Transfer Network for Zero-Shot Object Detection." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 12967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6996.

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We propose a Generative Transfer Network (GTNet) for zero-shot object detection (ZSD). GTNet consists of an Object Detection Module and a Knowledge Transfer Module. The Object Detection Module can learn large-scale seen domain knowledge. The Knowledge Transfer Module leverages a feature synthesizer to generate unseen class features, which are applied to train a new classification layer for the Object Detection Module. In order to synthesize features for each unseen class with both the intra-class variance and the IoU variance, we design an IoU-Aware Generative Adversarial Network (IoUGAN) as the feature synthesizer, which can be easily integrated into GTNet. Specifically, IoUGAN consists of three unit models: Class Feature Generating Unit (CFU), Foreground Feature Generating Unit (FFU), and Background Feature Generating Unit (BFU). CFU generates unseen features with the intra-class variance conditioned on the class semantic embeddings. FFU and BFU add the IoU variance to the results of CFU, yielding class-specific foreground and background features, respectively. We evaluate our method on three public datasets and the results demonstrate that our method performs favorably against the state-of-the-art ZSD approaches.

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Chiu, Chen-Wei, Yi-Hong Chang, Yun-Ming Tang, Chin-Hui Chen, and Hui-Kuan Hsu. "Numerical Analyses of Smoke Exhaust System Combining FFU in a Cleanroom." Journal of Applied Fire Science 21, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 263–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/af.21.4.b.

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Chen, Sheng-Chieh, Chuen-Jinn Tsai, Shou-Nan Li, and Hui-Ya Shih. "Dispersion of gas pollutant in a fan-filter-unit (FFU) cleanroom." Building and Environment 42, no. 5 (May 2007): 1902–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.02.023.

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Jang, Jun Hwan, Joon Ahn, and Hyon Kook Myong. "CFD Based Shape Design of Guide Vane for Fan Filter Unit." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B 37, no. 7 (July 1, 2013): 709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-b.2013.37.7.709.

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Wang, Ying, Charles B. Stauft, Kanakatte Raviprakash, J. Robert Coleman, and Steffen Mueller. "2764. Generation of a Balanced, Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Based on Contemporary Strains Using a Computational, Synthetic Biology-Based Platform." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2441.

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Abstract Background The WHO estimates that there may be 50 million cases of dengue virus (DENV) infection worldwide every year. There is no safe vaccine against DENV licensed in the United States. The development of a balanced and effective anti-DENV vaccine is vital to preventing morbidity and mortality. Codagenix used its proprietary SAVE (Synthetic Attenuated Virus Engineering) platform to generate and test a live attenuated, tetravalent vaccine against DENV. Methods Codagenix used SAVE to substitute under-represented human codons and codon-pairs into the E protein sequences of contemporary strains of DENV1-4, producing either a fully human-cell-deoptimized prM-E (E-Min), or a partially deoptimized prM-E (E-W/Min) to allow for balancing of the vaccine’s immunogenicity. Full genomes containing deoptimized E-Min and E-W/Min in the DENV2 backbone were transfected into cells to recover live-attenuated, human-cell-deoptimized vaccine strains. Mice were vaccinated with 106 FFU of each DENV vaccine (alone or together), boosted on day 21 and assessed for neutralizing antibodies by PRNT50 and survival after lethal challenge with mouse-adapted wild-type (WT) DENV. Cynomolgus macaques were immunized with a mixture of 106 FFU of each DENV vaccine strain. Two doses were administered on study day 1 and 57 and serum neutralizing antibodies were determined on day 57 and 85 by a microneutralization assay. Results SAVE deoptimized DENV viruses grew to wild-type (between 107 and 108 FFU/ml) levels at permissive temperatures (<37C). All vaccine strains generated neutralizing antibody levels comparable to WT. A tetravalent formulation containing all four E-Min strains protected mice from lethal challenge with DENV3. A tetravalent formulation of Codagenix DENV-E-W/Min vaccine elicited a robust and balanced neutralizing antibody response in non-human primates (NHPs) against all four DENV serotypes after a single dose. A second vaccine dose did not boost antibody titers significantly. Conclusion The ability to rationally balance the attenuation of multiple vaccine strains, thereby avoiding antibody-dependent enhancement, is a unique advantage of the Codagenix SAVE platform. Codagenix DENV vaccine viruses generated balanced, sterilizing immunity in NHPs after one dose. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Yiwang Wang, and Hui Pan. "Research and Application of Variable-Parameter PI Control System for FFU Motor." International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology 4, no. 20 (November 30, 2012): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol4.issue20.42.

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Keiser, Patrick T., Manu Anantpadma, Hilary Staples, Ricardo Carrion, and Robert A. Davey. "Automation of Infectious Focus Assay for Determination of Filovirus Titers and Direct Comparison to Plaque and TCID50 Assays." Microorganisms 9, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010156.

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Ongoing efforts to develop effective therapies against filoviruses rely, to different extents, on quantifying the amount of viable virus in samples by plaque, TCID50, and focus assays. Unfortunately, these techniques have inherent variance, and laboratory-specific preferences make direct comparison of data difficult. Additionally, human errors such as operator errors and subjective bias can further compound the differences in outcomes. To overcome these biases, we developed a computer-based automated image-processing method for a focus assay based on the open-source CellProfiler software platform, which enables high-throughput screening of many treatment samples at one time. We compared virus titers calculated using this platform to plaque and TCID50 assays using common stocks of virus for 3 major Filovirus species, Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, and Marburg marburgvirus with each assay performed by multiple operators on multiple days. We show that plaque assays give comparable findings that differ by less than 3-fold. Focus-forming unit (FFU) and TCID50 assays differ by 10-fold or less from the plaque assays due a higher (FFU) and lower (TCID50) sensitivity. However, reproducibility and accuracy of each assay differs significantly with Neutral Red Agarose Overlay plaque assays and TCID50 with the lowest reproducibility due to subjective analysis and operator error. Both crystal violet methylcellulose overlay plaque assay and focus assays perform best for accuracy and the focus assay performs best for speed and throughput.

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FUKADA, Kazuyuki, Kyuichi MARUYAMA, and Kazuyuki TAKENAKA. "Connecting Method of FFU Member to RC Member and Its Effectiveness in Mechanical Behavior." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 620 (1999): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.620_95.

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Bourzi, Hassan, Rachid Oukhrib, Brahim El Ibrahimi, Hicham Abou Oualid, Youness Abdellaoui, Bouchra Balkard, Souad El Issami, Mustapha Hilali, Lahcen Bazzi, and Christophe Len. "Furfural Analogs as Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors—Predictive Efficiency Using DFT and Monte Carlo Simulations on the Cu(111), Fe(110), Al(111) and Sn(111) Surfaces in Acid Media." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 18, 2020): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083304.

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Nowadays, theoretical calculation tools have become powerful in predicting the behavior of corrosion inhibitors on the surface of metals and, therefore, avoiding energy consumption and the cost of experimental tests. This work aims to predict the inhibitory power of some furan derivatives on Cu (111), Fe (110), Al (111) and Sn (111) surfaces in acidic media. For this purpose, three furan derivatives—furan-2-carbaldehyde (FF1), 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (FF2) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid (FF3)—have been selected to compare their intrinsic properties against corrosion as well as their behavior on iron (Fe), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and tin (Sn) surfaces in acid medium. Typically, the anti-corrosive properties of FF1, FF2 and FF3 were studied by using quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. Density Functional Theory (DFT), lowest unoccupied (ELUMO) and highest occupied (EHOMO) molecular orbital energies, energy gap (∆E), chemical hardness (η), softness (σ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity (ω) and nucleophilicity (ε) have been calculated and discussed. Theoretical vibrational spectra were also calculated to exhibit the functional groups in the selected chemicals. On the other hand, the adsorption behaviors of FF1, FF2 and FF3 were studied on the Fe(110), Cu(111), Al(111) and Sn(111) surfaces. As a result, the adsorption energies of all molecules are ordered as Fe(110) < Cu(111) < Al(111) < Sn(111) and FF3 seems to be more effective as a corrosion inhibitor due to the existence of both carboxylic acid and hydroxyl groups, which consist of favorable sites of adsorption into the metal surface.

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Stathopoulou, Paraskevi, Panagiotis Berillis, Nikolaos Vlahos, Eleni Nikouli, Konstantinos A. Kormas, Efi Levizou, Nikolaos Katsoulas, and Eleni Mente. "Freshwater-adapted sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax feeding frequency impact in a lettuce Lactuca sativa aquaponics system." PeerJ 9 (June 3, 2021): e11522. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11522.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of three daily fish feeding frequencies, two, four and eight times per day (FF2, FF4, and FF8, respectively) on growth performance of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)and lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa) reared in aquaponics. 171 juvenile sea bass with an average body weight of 6.80 ± 0.095 g were used, together with 24 lettuce plants with an average initial height of 11.78 ± 0.074 cm over a 45-day trial period. FF2 fish group showed a significantly lower final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate than the FF4 and FF8 groups. Voluntary feed intake was similar for all the three feeding frequencies treatmens (p > 0.05). No plant mortality was observed during the 45-day study period. All three aquaponic systems resulted in a similar leaf fresh weight and fresh and dry aerial biomass. The results of the present study showed that the FF4 or FF8 feeding frequency contributes to the more efficient utilization of nutrients for better growth of sea bass adapted to fresh water while successfully supporting plant growth to a marketable biomass.

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Demers-Mathieu, Veronique, Jiraporn Lueangsakulthai, Yunyao Qu, Brian P. Scottoline, and David C. Dallas. "Binding and Neutralizing Capacity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-Specific Recombinant IgG Against RSV in Human Milk, Gastric and Intestinal Fluids from Infants." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (June 27, 2020): 1904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12071904.

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Oral administration of pathogen-specific recombinant antibodies may help to prevent infant gastrointestinal (GI) pathogen infection; however, to neutralize an infectious agent, these antibodies must resist degradation in the GI tract. Palivizumab, a recombinant antibody specific for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), was used as a model for pathogen-specific IgG in human milk. The aim was to compare the remaining binding capacity of palivizumab in milk between three mothers after exposure to an in vitro model of infant gastrointestinal digestion (gastric and duodenal fluids) using ELISA. The neutralizing capacity of palivizumab in pooled human milk, gastric contents, and stools from preterm infants was also evaluated for blocking RSV with green fluorescent protein (RSV-GFP) infection in Hep-2 cells using confocal and inverted microscopy and flow cytometry. The reduction of palivizumab binding capacity in human milk and digested samples was slightly different between mothers. Overall, palivizumab decreased 50% after simulated gastric digestion with pepsin and 62% after simulated intestinal digestion with pancreatin. Palivizumab (2–8 μg/mL) in human milk or stool samples blocked RSV (3.4 × 104 FFU/mL) infection (no syncytia formation on Hep-2 cells) by microscopy. Syncytia formation was detected on Hep-2 cells when RSV was incubated in gastric contents or virus medium with 2–4 μg/mL of palivizumab, but no infection was observed at 8 μg/mL. No fluorescence (absence of infected cells) was detected when palivizumab (100 μg/mL) was incubated in human milk or medium with RSV-GFP (1.1 × 105 FFU/mL), whereas fluorescence increased with the reduced concentration of palivizumab using flow cytometry. These results suggest that undigested and digested matrices could change the binding and neutralizing capacity of viral pathogen-specific antibodies.

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Bao, Yicheng, Loïc Anderegg, Sean Burchesky, and John M. Doyle. "Device for Suppression of Aerosol Transfer in Close Proximity Settings." COVID 1, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid1010033.

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Here we present a device that suppresses transfer of aerosol between nearby seating areas through the use of optically transparent, sound transmitting barriers and HEPA fan filter unit (FFU). A potential application of this device is to lower the risk of respiratory disease transmission in face-to-face, maskless meetings between individuals in a university setting. We evaluate overall aerosol transmission between users of the device. This is done for two different physical settings: a large space, such as a library, and a small space, such as an enclosed study room. We find that the device can provide lower aerosol transmission compared to the typical transmission between two individuals wearing surgical face masks separated by six feet.

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Xu, Tengfang (Tim). "An Innovative Method for Dynamic Characterization of Fan Filter Unit Operation." Journal of the IEST 50, no. 2 (October 1, 2007): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.50.2.p5k6lv061h64h1w8.

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Fan filter units (FFUs) are widely used to deliver re-circulated air while providing filtration control of particle concentration in controlled environments such as cleanrooms, minienvironments, and operating rooms in hospitals. The objective of this study is to document an innovative method for characterizing operation and control of an individual FFU within its operable conditions. Built on a draft laboratory method previously published,1 this study presents an updated method including a testing procedure to characterize dynamic operation of FFUs, i.e., steady-state operation conditions determined by varied control schemes, airflow rates, and pressure differential across the units. The parameters for dynamic characterization include total electric power demand, total pressure efficiency, airflow rate, pressure differential across FFUs, and airflow uniformity.

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Gidai, János, Éva Bács, and Endre Czeizel. "Thalidomide (Contergan) induced limb deficiency in Hungary?" Orvosi Hetilap 150, no. 25 (June 1, 2009): 1179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2009.28641.

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Esetismertetés : Genetikai tanácsadónkban egy 47 éves, komplex végtaghiányos rendellenességben szenvedő nő jelentkezett és szakvéleményben kérte annak igazolását, hogy végtaghiányos rendellenességét a thalidomid (Contergan) nevű gyógyszer okozta. Édesanyja az ő születésével végződő terhességében állítólag szedte ezt a gyógyszert, amit Nyugat-Németországban élő nővérétől kapott. A thalidomid radialis-tibialis típusú végtaghiányos rendellenességet idéz elő, amely gyakran társul fülkagyló- és más rendellenességekkel. A thalidomidra jellemző végtaghiányos és más fejlődési rendellenesség azonban nála nem volt észlelhető. A nő komplex végtag-rendellenessége az úgynevezett FFU-komplexnek felelt meg, mivel femurhypoplasia (F), fibulahypoplasia (F) az V. és IV. lábujj hiányával mindkét alsó végtagján, valamint ulnaris hypoplasia (U) az V. és IV. ujj hiányával a jobb felső végtagon volt észlelhető, más fejlődési rendellenesség nélkül. Emellett schizophrenia miatt kezelték. Így az a korábban elfogadott feltételezés, hogy végtaghiányos rendellenességét a thalidomid okozta, kizárható volt.

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Guschmann, M., R. Becker, M. Urban, M. Entezami, S. Hese, and M. Vogel. "Femur-Fibula-Ulna(FFU)-Komplex in der 33. SSW - Sonographie, Radiologie, Pathologie und Differentialdiagnose anhand eines Fallberichtes -." Klinische Pädiatrie 213, no. 5 (September 2001): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-17225.

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Guirakhoo, F., R. Weltzin, T. J. Chambers, Z. X. Zhang, K. Soike, M. Ratterree, J. Arroyo, K. Georgakopoulos, J. Catalan, and T. P. Monath. "Recombinant Chimeric Yellow Fever-Dengue Type 2 Virus Is Immunogenic and Protective in Nonhuman Primates." Journal of Virology 74, no. 12 (June 15, 2000): 5477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.12.5477-5485.2000.

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ABSTRACT A chimeric yellow fever (YF)-dengue type 2 (dengue-2) virus (ChimeriVax-D2) was constructed using a recombinant cDNA infectious clone of a YF vaccine strain (YF 17D) as a backbone into which we inserted the premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of dengue-2 virus (strain PUO-218 from a case of dengue fever in Bangkok, Thailand). The chimeric virus was recovered from the supernatant of Vero cells transfected with RNA transcripts and amplified once in these cells to yield a titer of 6.3 log10 PFU/ml. The ChimeriVax-D2 was not neurovirulent for 4-week-old outbred mice inoculated intracerebrally. This virus was evaluated in rhesus monkeys for its safety (induction of viremia) and protective efficacy (induction of anti-dengue-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection against challenge). In one experiment, groups of non-YF-immune monkeys received graded doses of ChimeriVax-D2; a control group received only the vaccine diluents. All monkeys (except the control group) developed a brief viremia and showed no signs of illness. Sixty-two days postimmunization, animals were challenged with 5.0 log10focus forming units (FFU) of a wild-type dengue-2 virus. No viremia (<1.7 log10 FFU/ml) was detected in any vaccinated group, whereas all animals in the placebo control group developed viremia. All vaccinated monkeys developed neutralizing antibodies in a dose-dependent response. In another experiment, viremia and production of neutralizing antibodies were determined in YF-immune monkeys that received either ChimeriVax-D2 or a wild-type dengue-2 virus. Low viremia was detected in ChimeriVax-D2-inoculated monkeys, whereas all dengue-2-immunized animals became viremic. All of these animals were protected against challenge with a wild-type dengue-2 virus, whereas all YF-immune monkeys and nonimmune controls became viremic upon challenge. Genetic stability of ChimeriVax-D2 was assessed by continuous in vitro passage in VeroPM cells. The titer of ChimeriVax-D2, the attenuated phenotype for 4-week-old mice, and the sequence of the inserted prME genes were unchanged after 18 passages in Vero cells. The high replication efficiency, attenuation phenotype in mice and monkeys, immunogenicity and protective efficacy, and genomic stability of ChimeriVax-D2 justify it as a novel vaccine candidate to be evaluated in humans.

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Shawky, Rabah M., Heba Salah Abd Elkhalek, Shaimaa Gad, and Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad. "Unilateral proximal focal femoral deficiency, fibular aplasia, tibial campomelia and oligosyndactyly in an Egyptian child – Probable FFU syndrome." Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 15, no. 3 (July 2014): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.03.001.

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Correia, Maria Elizabeth Fernandes, Rodrigo Camara, Claudia Reis Ferreira, Alexander Silva Resende, Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos, and Marcos Gervasio Pereira. "Soil fauna changes across Atlantic Forest succession." Comunicata Scientiae 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v9i2.2388.

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The soil fauna can be used as a bioindicator of soil quality and ecosystem functioning. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the Atlantic Forest secondary succession on the structure and composition of the soil fauna community in Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro. We selected five areas along a gradient of forest succession: pasture (PA) and four forest fragments (FF1, FF2, FF3, FF4), which are in a toposequence. Thus, we divided the areas in upper, middle and lower thirds and delimitated a transect (20 m) in each third. In the dry season 2010, a metalic square (0.25 m x 0.25 m) was released in five points spaced 5 m apart, in each transect. The soil fauna was manually captured on samples of the litter standing stock and blocks of the topsoil (0.00-0.10 m), circumscribed to the square, in the forest fragments. In PA, we colected only the topsoil blocks. The complexity of the structure and composition of the soil fauna community increased in the topsoil and litter standing stock, along the successional gradient. However, the similarity among the areas was much greater in the litter standing stock, in comparison to the topsoil.

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Thongsri, Jatuporn, and Adisorn Khaokom. "Successful Simulation of Airflow in the Microenvironment of an Assembly Automation Machine and its Implication." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 1063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.1063.

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Today, the hard disk drive (HDD) industry is using assembly automation machine (AAM) to construct head stack assembly (HSA) from smaller parts. AAM needs to operate in a clean environment with very low particle counts. To achieve this end, fan filter Unit (FFU) is used to supply purified air into the environment by filtering out airborne particles from recirculating air. In this study, we investigated numerically the airflow induced by FFUs inside a microenvironment that houses an AAM in an HDD factory. The boundary conditions chosen for simulation were directly derived from the real ambient conditions in this HDD factory. We found that the FFUs not only filter out airborne particles from the air supplied into the microenvironment but also act as a particle blocker, pushing away the nearby particles in the air surrounding the openings of the microenvironment. The findings from this study can be applied to cases where other kinds of machinery need to be protected from airborne particles.

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Mutalik, Sharad, and Narendra Patwardhan. "Use of injection five fluorouracil (FFU) with or without injection trimacinolone in the management of hypertrophic scars and keloids." Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery 1, no. 1 (2008): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2077.41160.

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Kardon, Nataline B., Larry P. Dana, Joan M. Fitzgerald, John M. Opitz, and James F. Reynolds. "Two sporadic cases of amelia/phocomelia with similar phenotype: Rare and unusually symmetrical form of FFU dysostosis or separate entity?" American Journal of Medical Genetics 25, S2 (1986): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320250627.

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FUKADA, Kazuyuki, Kyuichi MARUYAMA, Hideo YAMAUCHI, Ryouichi TANIGUCHI, and Kazuyuki TAKENAKA. "Development of Method by which Shield Machine Can Depart and Arrive Directly and Method Connecting FFU Member with Steel Pile Member." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 658 (2000): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.2000.658_167.

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Panda, Kingshuk, Kalichamy Alagarasu, Poonam Patil, Megha Agrawal, Ashwini More, Naveen V. Kumar, Prathama S. Mainkar, Deepti Parashar, and Sarah Cherian. "In Vitro Antiviral Activity of α-Mangostin against Dengue Virus Serotype-2 (DENV-2)." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 3016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26103016.

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Dengue virus (DENV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, is a threat for global health as it infects more than 100 million people yearly. Approved antiviral therapies or vaccines for the treatment or prevention of DENV infections are not available. In the present study, natural compounds were screened for their antiviral activity against DENV by in vitro cell line-based assay. α-Mangostin, a xanthanoid, was observed to exert antiviral activity against DENV-2 under pre-, co- and post-treatment testing conditions. The antiviral activity was determined by foci forming unit (FFU) assay, quantitative RT-PCR and cell-based immunofluorescence assay (IFA). A complete inhibition of DENV-2 was observed at 8 µM under the co-treatment condition. The possible inhibitory mechanism of α-Mangostin was also determined by docking studies. The molecular docking experiments indicate that α-Mangostin can interact with multiple DENV protein targets such as the NS5 methyltransferase, NS2B-NS3 protease and the glycoprotein E. The in vitro and in silico findings suggest that α-Mangostin possesses the ability to suppress DENV-2 production at different stages of its replication cycle and might act as a prophylactic/therapeutic agent against DENV-2.

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Xie, Yuchen, Wei Wu, Haiping Yang, Ning Wu, and Ying Shen. "Detail Information Prior Net for Remote Sensing Image Pansharpening." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 2800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142800.

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Pansharpening, which fuses the panchromatic (PAN) band with multispectral (MS) bands to obtain an MS image with spatial resolution of the PAN images, has been a popular topic in remote sensing applications in recent years. Although the deep-learning-based pansharpening algorithm has achieved better performance than traditional methods, the fusion extracts insufficient spatial information from a PAN image, producing low-quality pansharpened images. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel progressive PAN-injected fusion method based on superresolution (SR). The network extracts the detail features of a PAN image by using two-stream PAN input; uses a feature fusion unit (FFU) to gradually inject low-frequency PAN features, with high-frequency PAN features added after subpixel convolution; uses a plain autoencoder to inject the extracted PAN features; and applies a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) loss to focus on the structural quality. Experiments performed on different datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art pansharpening methods in both visual appearance and objective indexes, and the SSIM loss can help improve the pansharpened quality on the original dataset.

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Journal articles on the topic 'FFU'

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