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Journal articles on the topic 'FGF4'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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1

Bellosta, Paola, Akiyo Iwahori, Alexander N. Plotnikov, Anna V. Eliseenkova, Claudio Basilico, and Moosa Mohammadi. "Identification of Receptor and Heparin Binding Sites in Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 by Structure-Based Mutagenesis." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 17 (2001): 5946–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.17.5946-5957.2001.

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ABSTRACT Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) comprise a large family of multifunctional, heparin-binding polypeptides that show diverse patterns of interaction with a family of receptors (FGFR1 to -4) that are subject to alternative splicing. FGFR binding specificity is an essential mechanism in the regulation of FGF signaling and is achieved through primary sequence differences among FGFs and FGFRs and through usage of two alternative exons, IIIc and IIIb, for the second half of immunoglobulin-like domain 3 (D3) in FGFRs. While FGF4 binds and activates the IIIc splice forms of FGFR1 to -3 at com

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2

Kiefer, P., G. Peters, and C. Dickson. "Retention of fibroblast growth factor 3 in the Golgi complex may regulate its export from cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 9 (1993): 5781–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.9.5781.

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The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) fall into two distinct groups with respect to their mode of release from cells. Whereas FGF1 and FGF2 lack conventional signal peptides, the remaining members have typical features of secreted proteins. However, the behavior of mouse FGF3 is anomalous, since, despite entering the secretory pathway and undergoing primary glycosylation, its release from transfected COS-1 cells is very inefficient compared with that of FGF4 and FGF5. To investigate the unusual properties of FGF3, we analyzed the processing, secretion, and intracellular localization of a series

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Kiefer, P., G. Peters, and C. Dickson. "Retention of fibroblast growth factor 3 in the Golgi complex may regulate its export from cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 9 (1993): 5781–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.9.5781-5793.1993.

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The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) fall into two distinct groups with respect to their mode of release from cells. Whereas FGF1 and FGF2 lack conventional signal peptides, the remaining members have typical features of secreted proteins. However, the behavior of mouse FGF3 is anomalous, since, despite entering the secretory pathway and undergoing primary glycosylation, its release from transfected COS-1 cells is very inefficient compared with that of FGF4 and FGF5. To investigate the unusual properties of FGF3, we analyzed the processing, secretion, and intracellular localization of a series

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4

Dichmann, Darwin S., Claude Rescan, Ulrik Frandsen, and Palle Serup. "Unspecific Labeling of Pancreatic Islets by Antisera Against Fibroblast Growth Factors and Their Receptors." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 51, no. 3 (2003): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540305100314.

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Six distinct fibroblast growth factors (FGF5) have been detected in pancreatic islets by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using commercially available antisera. We show here that these antisera are useful for Western blotting but that only two are suited for IHC. By Western blotting, these antisera detect recombinant FGFs. Detection can be eliminated by preabsorption with immunizing peptide but not with irrelevant peptide. By IHC we find specific labeling of islets with anti-FGF1 and anti-FGF2 antisera. Labeling can be abolished by preabsorption with the immunizing peptides. In contrast, prominent s

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5

Jiang, Zhongliang, and Christopher A. Price. "Differential actions of fibroblast growth factors on intracellular pathways and target gene expression in bovine ovarian granulosa cells." REPRODUCTION 144, no. 5 (2012): 625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-12-0199.

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Several fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), including FGF1, FGF4 and FGF10, alter ovarian granulosa cell function. These ligands exhibit different patterns of receptor activation, and their mechanisms of action on granulosa cells remain unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the major pathways and target genes activated by FGF1, FGF4 and FGF10 in primary oestrogenic granulosa cells cultured under serum-free conditions. FGF1 and FGF4 increased levels of mRNA encoding Sprouty family members,SPRY2andSPRY4, and the orphan nuclear receptorsNR4A1andNR4A3. Both FGF1 and FGF4 decreased lev

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KREUGER, Johan, Per JEMTH, Emil SANDERS-LINDBERG, et al. "Fibroblast growth factors share binding sites in heparan sulphate." Biochemical Journal 389, no. 1 (2005): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20042129.

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HS (heparan sulphate) proteoglycans bind secreted signalling proteins, including FGFs (fibroblast growth factors) through their HS side chains. Such chains contain a wealth of differentially sulphated saccharide epitopes. Whereas specific HS structures are commonly believed to modulate FGF-binding and activity, selective binding of defined HS epitopes to FGFs has generally not been demonstrated. In the present paper, we have identified a series of sulphated HS octasaccharide epitopes, derived from authentic HS or from biosynthetic libraries that bind with graded affinities to FGF4, FGF7 and FG

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7

Han, Peng, Hilda Guerrero-Netro, Anthony Estienne, Binyun Cao, and Christopher A. Price. "Regulation and action of early growth response 1 in bovine granulosa cells." Reproduction 154, no. 4 (2017): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-17-0243.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) modify cell proliferation and differentiation through receptor tyrosine kinases, which stimulate the expression of transcription factors including members of the early growth response (EGR) family. In ovarian granulosa cells, most FGFs activate typical response genes, although the role of EGR proteins has not been described. In the present study, we determined the regulation of EGR mRNA by FGFs and explored the role of EGR1 in the regulation of FGF-response genes. Addition of FGF1, FGF2, FGF4 or FGF8b increased EGR1 and EGR3 mRNA levels, whereas FGF18 increased

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8

Li, L., Q. Tang, H. J. E. Kwon, Z. Wu, E. J. Kim, and H. S. Jung. "An Explanation for How FGFs Predict Species-Specific Tooth Cusp Patterns." Journal of Dental Research 97, no. 7 (2018): 828–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518759625.

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Species-specific cusp patterns result from the iterative formation of enamel knots, the epithelial signaling centers, at the future cusp positions. The expressions of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), especially Fgf4, in the secondary enamel knots in the areas of the future cusp tips are generally used to manifest the appearance of species-specific tooth shapes. However, the mechanism underlying the predictive role of FGFs in species-specific cusp patterns remains obscure. Here, we demonstrated that gerbils, which have a lophodont pattern, exhibit a striped expression pattern of Fgf4, whereas

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9

Li, Yong, Changye Sun, Edwin A. Yates, Chao Jiang, Mark C. Wilkinson, and David G. Fernig. "Heparin binding preference and structures in the fibroblast growth factor family parallel their evolutionary diversification." Open Biology 6, no. 3 (2016): 150275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.150275.

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The interaction of a large number of extracellular proteins with heparan sulfate (HS) regulates their transport and effector functions, but the degree of molecular specificity underlying protein–polysaccharide binding is still debated. The 15 paracrine fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are one of the paradigms for this interaction. Here, we measure the binding preferences of six FGFs (FGF3, FGF4, FGF6, FGF10, FGF17, FGF20) for a library of modified heparins, representing structures in HS, and model glycosaminoglycans, using differential scanning fluorimetry. This is complemented by the identifi

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Kwabi-Addo, B., M. Ozen, and M. Ittmann. "The role of fibroblast growth factors and their receptors in prostate cancer." Endocrine-Related Cancer 11, no. 4 (2004): 709–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.00535.

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Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men in the USA and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), including FGF1 (acidic FGF), FGF2 (basic FGF), FGF6 and FGF8 are all expressed at increased levels in prostate cancer as paracrine and/or autocrine growth factors for the prostate cancer cells. In addition, increased mobilization of FGFs from the extracellular matrix in cancer tissues can increase the availability of FGFs to cancer cells. Prostate cancer epithelial cells express all four types of FGF receptors (FGFR-1 to -4) at variable frequencies. E

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Britto, Jonathan A., Robert D. Evans, Richard D. Hayward та Barry M. Jones. "Toward Pathogenesis of Apert Cleft Palate: FGF, FGFR, and TGFβ Genes Are Differentially Expressed in Sequential Stages of Human Palatal Shelf Fusion". Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 39, № 3 (2002): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2002_039_0332_tpoacp_2.0.co_2.

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Objective: Critical cellular events at the palatal medial edge epithelium (MEE) occur in unperturbed mammalian palatogenesis, the molecular control of which involves a number of growth factors including transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3). Apert syndrome is a monogenic human disorder in which cleft palate has been significantly correlated to the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2-Ser252Trp mutation. We report the relative expression of these genes in human palatogenesis. Methods: The expression of the IgIIIa/b and IgIIIa/c transcript isoforms of FGFR2 and the proteins FGFR1, FGFR2, a

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Moon, A. M., A. M. Boulet, and M. R. Capecchi. "Normal limb development in conditional mutants of Fgf4." Development 127, no. 5 (2000): 989–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.5.989.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) mediate multiple developmental signals in vertebrates. Several of these factors are expressed in limb bud structures that direct patterning of the limb. FGF4 is produced in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) where it is hypothesized to provide mitogenic and morphogenic signals to the underlying mesenchyme that regulate normal limb development. Mutation of this gene in the germline of mice results in early embryonic lethality, preventing subsequent evaluation of Fgf4 function in the AER. A conditional mutant of Fgf4, based on site-specific Cre/loxP-mediated excis

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13

Mejhert, Niklas, Jean Galitzky, Amanda T. Pettersson, et al. "Mapping of the Fibroblast Growth Factors in Human White Adipose Tissue." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 95, no. 5 (2010): 2451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2049.

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Abstract Context: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) regulate the development of white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the secretion and cellular origin of individual FGFs in WAT as well as the influence of obesity are unknown. Objective: Our objective was to map FGFs in human sc WAT, the cellular source, and association with obesity. Design: Secretion, mRNA, and circulatory levels of FGFs in human abdominal sc WAT from nonobese and obese donors were examined by microarray, real-time quantitative PCR, and ELISA. The activity of FGFs in cultured human adipocytes was determined by phosphorylation a

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14

Imai, Kaoru S., Nori Satoh, and Yutaka Satou. "Early embryonic expression ofFGF4/6/9gene and its role in the induction of mesenchyme and notochord inCiona savignyiembryos." Development 129, no. 7 (2002): 1729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.7.1729.

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In early Ciona savignyi embryos, nuclear localization of β-catenin is the first step of endodermal cell specification, and triggers the activation of various target genes. A cDNA for Cs-FGF4/6/9, a gene activated downstream of β-catenin signaling, was isolated and shown to encode an FGF protein with features of both FGF4/6 and FGF9/20. The early embryonic expression of Cs-FGF4/6/9 was transient and the transcript was seen in endodermal cells at the 16- and 32-cell stages, in notochord and muscle cells at the 64-cell stage, and in nerve cord and muscle cells at the 110-cell stage; the gene was

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Jennbacken, Karin, Fredrik Wågberg, Ulla Karlsson, et al. "Phenotypic Screen with the Human Secretome Identifies FGF16 as Inducing Proliferation of iPSC-Derived Cardiac Progenitor Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236037.

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Paracrine factors can induce cardiac regeneration and repair post myocardial infarction by stimulating proliferation of cardiac cells and inducing the anti-fibrotic, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects of angiogenesis. Here, we screened a human secretome library, consisting of 923 growth factors, cytokines, and proteins with unknown function, in a phenotypic screen with human cardiac progenitor cells. The primary readout in the screen was proliferation measured by nuclear count. From this screen, we identified FGF1, FGF4, FGF9, FGF16, FGF18, and seven additional proteins that induce pr

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Rusnati, Marco, Maura Camozzi, Emanuela Moroni, et al. "Selective recognition of fibroblast growth factor-2 by the long pentraxin PTX3 inhibits angiogenesis." Blood 104, no. 1 (2004): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-10-3433.

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Abstract The long pentraxin PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition receptor produced by monocytes and endothelial cells that plays a nonredundant role in inflammation. Several pathologic conditions are characterized by local production of both PTX3 and the angiogenic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2). Here, solid-phase binding assays demonstrated that PTX3 binds with high affinity to FGF2 but not to a panel of cytokines and growth factors, including FGF1, FGF4, and FGF8. Accordingly, PTX3 prevented 125I-FGF2 binding to endothelial cell receptors, leading to specific inhibition of FGF2-induced p

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Lettice, L., J. Hecksher-Sorensen, and R. E. Hill. "The dominant hemimelia mutation uncouples epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and disrupts anterior mesenchyme formation in mouse hindlimbs." Development 126, no. 21 (1999): 4729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.21.4729.

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Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are essential for both limb outgrowth and pattern formation in the limb. Molecules capable of communication between these two tissues are known and include the signaling molecules SHH and FGF4, FGF8 and FGF10. Evidence suggests that the pattern and maintenance of expression of these genes are dependent on a number of factors including regulatory loops between genes expressed in the AER and those in the underlying mesenchyme. We show here that the mouse mutation dominant hemimelia (Dh) alters the pattern of gene expression in the AER such that Fgf4, which is

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Hansra, Damien Mikael, Eugene R. Ahn, John Edward McKnight, et al. "Evaluation of pathologic and genomic characteristics in male breast cancer (MBC) patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.1098.

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1098 Background: MBC is a rare entity comprising less than 1% of breast cancers [Siegel RL 2017]. Due to the low incidence of MBC, information about the genomic landscape of MBC is lacking. Here we describe detailed pathologic and genomic characteristics of MBC patients. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for a retrospective analysis of archived pathology on patients treated at Cancer Treatment Centers of America. Comprehensive genomic profiling of tumors was derived from Foundation One next generation sequencing. Clinical information was derived from retrospective chart review. Inclusions: ad

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dos Santos, Íria Gabriela Dias, Erika Cristina Jorge, Aline Gonçalves Lio Copola, Bruno Machado Bertassoli, Alfredo Miranda de Goes, and Gerluza Aparecida Borges Silva. "FGF2, FGF3 and FGF4 expression pattern during molars odontogenesis in Didelphis albiventris." Acta Histochemica 119, no. 2 (2017): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2016.12.001.

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Itoh, N., T. Mima, and T. Mikawa. "Loss of fibroblast growth factor receptors is necessary for terminal differentiation of embryonic limb muscle." Development 122, no. 1 (1996): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.1.291.

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Early in embryogenesis, precursors of the limb musculature are generated in the somite, migrate to the limb buds and undergo terminal differentiation. Although myogenic differentiation in culture is affected by several growth factors including fibroblast growth factor (FGF), it remains uncertain whether migration and differentiation of myogenic cells in vivo are directly regulated by such growth factors. To investigate the roles of FGF signaling in the regulation of myogenesis both in the somite and the limb bud, mosaic chicken embryos were generated that consist of somitic cells carrying tran

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Meng, Qing H., Enping Xu, Michelle A. T. Hildebrandt, et al. "Genetic Variants in the Fibroblast Growth Factor Pathway as Potential Markers of Ovarian Cancer Risk, Therapeutic Response, and Clinical Outcome." Clinical Chemistry 60, no. 1 (2014): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2013.211490.

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AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and FGF receptor (FGFR) axis plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, but little is known of its influence in ovarian cancer. We sought to determine the association of genetic variants in the FGF pathway with risk, therapeutic response, and survival of patients with ovarian cancer.METHODSWe matched 339 non-Hispanic white ovarian cancer cases with 349 healthy controls and genotyped them for 183 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 24 FGF (fibroblast growth factor) and FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor) genes. Genetic associations

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Kato, Nao, Akira Iwase, Chiharu Ishida, et al. "Upregulation of Fibroblast Growth Factors Caused by Heart and Neural Crest Derivatives Expressed 2 Suppression in Endometriotic Cells: A Possible Therapeutic Target in Endometriosis." Reproductive Sciences 26, no. 7 (2018): 979–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1933719118802053.

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Several features exist that distinguish endometriotic cells from eutopic endometrial cells. Progesterone resistance is one of the main distinguishing features, although how progesterone resistance affects the phenotype of endometriotic cells is not fully elucidated. Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 (HAND2) is a transcriptional factor that plays an important role in maintaining endometrial function in a progesterone-dependent manner. Therefore, we explored whether progesterone-dependent HAND2 is implicated in the progression of endometriosis. HAND2 was less expressed by endometrio

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Batcher, Kevin, Peter Dickinson, Kimberly Maciejczyk, et al. "Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids." Genes 11, no. 8 (2020): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080839.

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Two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. An FGF4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an FGF4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). In this study, whole-genome sequencing data were queried to identify other FGF4 retrocopies that could be contributing to phenotypic diversity in canids. Additionally, dogs with surgically confirmed IVDD were assayed for novel FGF4 retrocopies. Five additional and distinct FGF4

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Yin, Yongmei, Wei Zuo, He Yan, et al. "Genomic landscape of FGF/FGFR pathway alternations across 12,372 pan-cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e13503-e13503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13503.

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e13503 Background: The fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF/FGFR) signaling pathway is involved in diverse biological processes and plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. FGFR targeted therapies have shown great promise in the treatment of a multitude of malignancies. This study aimed to assess the alternations of FGF/FGFR pathway and explore the potential relationships between the genetic alternations in a pan-cancer setting. Methods: Next-generation sequencing was conducted with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 12,372 Chinese cancer patients

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Wan, Yanhui, Fuyuan Fang, Guodong Wu, et al. "The mutation frequency of HPD related genes in different lung cancer stages." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e21006-e21006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e21006.

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e21006 Background: Clinical detections of hyper-progressive disease (HPD) gene mutations in advanced lung cancer should be considered to avoid the inappropriate immunotherapy, and recently neoadjuvnat and adjuvant immunotherapy also proved to be efficacy in early stage of lung cancer. Nevertheless, it still remains poorly understanding of the distribution of HPD related mutations in early stage lung cancer. Methods: In this study, according to information of patient specimens from public database TCGA, Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages were defined as early stage, Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages were defined as advanced stage. T

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Yeh, Brian K., Anna V. Eliseenkova, Alexander N. Plotnikov, et al. "Structural Basis for Activation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling by Sucrose Octasulfate." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 20 (2002): 7184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.20.7184-7192.2002.

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ABSTRACT Sucrose octasulfate (SOS) is believed to stimulate fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling by binding and stabilizing FGFs. In this report, we show that SOS induces FGF-dependent dimerization of FGF receptors (FGFRs). The crystal structure of the dimeric FGF2-FGFR1-SOS complex at 2.6-Å resolution reveals a symmetric assemblage of two 1:1:1 FGF2-FGFR1-SOS ternary complexes. Within each ternary complex SOS binds to FGF and FGFR and thereby increases FGF-FGFR affinity. SOS also interacts with the adjoining FGFR and thereby promotes protein-protein interactions that stabilize dimerizati

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Kuhlman, J., and L. Niswander. "Limb deformity proteins: role in mesodermal induction of the apical ectodermal ridge." Development 124, no. 1 (1997): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.1.133.

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During early limb development, distal tip ectoderm is induced by the underlying mesenchyme to form the apical ectodermal ridge. Subsequent limb growth and patterning depend on reciprocal signaling between the mesenchyme and ridge. Mice that are homozygous for mutations at the limb deformity (ld) locus do not form a proper ridge and the anteroposterior axis of the limb is shortened. Skeletal analyses reveal shortened limbs that involve loss and fusion of distal bones and digits, defects in both anteroposterior and proximodistal patterning. Using molecular markers and mouse-chick chimeras we exa

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Rajendran, Ranjithkumar, Vinothkumar Rajendran, Mario Giraldo-Velasquez, et al. "Oligodendrocyte-Specific Deletion of FGFR1 Reduces Cerebellar Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in MOG35-55-Induced EAE." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (2021): 9495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179495.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS commonly affects the cerebellum causing acute and chronic symptoms. Cerebellar signs significantly contribute to clinical disability, and symptoms such as tremor, ataxia, and dysarthria are difficult to treat. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are involved in demyelinating pathologies such as MS. In autopsy tissue from patients with MS, increased expression of FGF1, FGF2, FGF9, and FGFR1 was found in lesion areas. Recent research using mouse models has f

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Makarenkova, H., D. L. Becker, C. Tickle, and A. E. Warner. "Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 Directs Gap Junction Expression in the Mesenchyme of the Vertebrate Limb Bud." Journal of Cell Biology 138, no. 5 (1997): 1125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.138.5.1125.

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Pattern in the developing limb depends on signaling by polarizing region mesenchyme cells, which are located at the posterior margin of the bud tip. Here we address the underlying cellular mechanisms. We show in the intact bud that connexin 43 (Cx43) and Cx32 gap junctions are at higher density between distal posterior mesenchyme cells at the tip of the bud than between either distal anterior or proximal mesenchyme cells. These gradients disappear when the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is removed. Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) produced by posterior AER cells controls signaling by polarizin

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Alan, Emel, and Yasin Kulak. "The immunoexpression patterns of fibroblast growth factors in the pregnant and postpartum rat ovary." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 16 (2021): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd21025.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are polypeptides involved in the regulation of oogenesis and folliculogenesis by inducing ovarian mitogenic, homeostatic and angiogenic activity. This study was aimed at determining the localisation of FGF ligands (FGF1 and FGF2) and FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) in the rat ovary by immunohistochemical analyses, at pregnancy and the postpartum period. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, positive FGF1 immunoreactions were observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of germinative epithelial cells, granulosa cells of follicles in different developmental stages, theca

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Mitani, T., M. Morita, M. Anzai, et al. "70 FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 4 PROMOTES THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER EMBRYOS IN MICE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 1 (2010): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab70.

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Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos can develop during the preimplantation period; however, most of these die after implantation period. A transcription factor, Cdx2, promotes differentiation of extraembryonic tissues and appears to be involved in the segregation of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) in preimplantation embryos. So far, we have demonstrated that the expression of Cdx2 in mouse SCNT embryos is delayed and its expression level is significantly lower than that in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) embryos. Moreover, the ectopic expression of Oct-3/4 was obs

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Price, Christopher A. "Mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor signaling in the ovarian follicle." Journal of Endocrinology 228, no. 2 (2015): R31—R43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-15-0414.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have been shown to alter growth and differentiation of reproductive tissues in a variety of species. Within the female reproductive tract, the effects of FGFs have been focused on the ovary, and the most studied one is FGF2, which stimulates granulosa cell proliferation and decreases differentiation (decreased steroidogenesis). Other FGFs have also been implicated in ovarian function, and this review summarizes the effects of members of two subfamilies on ovarian function; the FGF7 subfamily that also contains FGF10, and the FGF8 subfamily that also contains FG

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Nie, Xuguang. "Developmentally Regulated Expression of Msx1, Msx2 and Fgfs in the Developing Mouse Cranial Base." Angle Orthodontist 76, no. 6 (2006): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082305-298.

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Abstract Objective: To examine the expression pattern of the Fgf and Msx genes in cranial base development. Materials and Methods: To detect the expression of these genes, antisense riboprobes were synthesized by in vitro transcription. Radioactive in situ hybridization was performed on parasagittal sections of embryonic mouse heads. Results: Msx2 was observed in the underlying perichondrium at restricted stages. Msx1 was not observed in cranial base development. Fgf1 was localized in osteogenic cells from the time of ossification; Fgf10 was highly expressed in the occipital-vertebral joint du

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Shamim, H., R. Mahmood, C. Logan, P. Doherty, A. Lumsden, and I. Mason. "Sequential roles for Fgf4, En1 and Fgf8 in specification and regionalisation of the midbrain." Development 126, no. 5 (1999): 945–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.5.945.

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Experiments involving tissue recombinations have implicated both early vertical and later planar signals in the specification and polarisation of the midbrain. Here we investigate the role of fibroblast growth factors in regulating these processes in the avian embryo. We show that Fgf4 is expressed in the notochord anterior to Hensen's node before transcripts for the earliest molecular marker of midbrain tissue in the avian embryo, En1, are detected. The presence of notochord is required for the expression of En1 in neural plate explants in vitro and FGF4 mimics this effect of notochord tissue

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Miller, David L., Sagrario Ortega, Omar Bashayan, Ross Basch, and Claudio Basilico. "Compensation by Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1) Does Not Account for the Mild Phenotypic Defects Observed in FGF2 Null Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 6 (2000): 2260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.6.2260-2268.2000.

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ABSTRACT Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and FGF2, the prototypic members of the FGF family of growth factors, have been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Unlike most other FGFs, FGF1 and FGF2 are ubiquitously expressed and are not efficiently secreted. Gene knockouts in mice have previously demonstrated a role for FGF2 in brain development, blood pressure regulation, and wound healing. The relatively mild phenotypic defects associated with FGF2 deletion led to the hypothesis that the continued expression of other FGFs partially compensated for the absence

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Naiche, L. A., N. Holder, and M. Lewandoski. "FGF4 and FGF8 comprise the wavefront activity that controls somitogenesis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 10 (2011): 4018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1007417108.

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Bei, M., and R. Maas. "FGFs and BMP4 induce both Msx1-independent and Msx1-dependent signaling pathways in early tooth development." Development 125, no. 21 (1998): 4325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.21.4325.

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During early tooth development, multiple signaling molecules are expressed in the dental lamina epithelium and induce the dental mesenchyme. One signal, BMP4, has been shown to induce morphologic changes in dental mesenchyme and mesenchymal gene expression via Msx1, but BMP4 cannot substitute for all the inductive functions of the dental epithelium. To investigate the role of FGFs during early tooth development, we examined the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal Fgfs in wild-type and Msx1 mutant tooth germs and tested the ability of FGFs to induce Fgf3 and Bmp4 expression in wild-type an

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Chiumia, Daniel, Katy Schulke, Anna E. Groebner, et al. "Initiation of Conceptus Elongation Coincides with an Endometrium Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF2) Protein Increase in Heifers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (2020): 1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051584.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) play an important role during embryo development. To date, the role of FGF and the respective receptors (FGFR) during the preimplantation phase in cattle are not fully characterized. We examined FGF1, FGF2, FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 in cyclic and early pregnant heifers at Days 12, 15, and 18 after insemination (Day 0). Endometrial FGF1 mRNA transcript abundance in heifers varied significantly with respect to the day after insemination, the pregnancy status, and their interaction. The expression was higher in nonpregnant than in pregnant heifers at Day 18. The conc

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Pizette, S., and L. Niswander. "BMPs negatively regulate structure and function of the limb apical ectodermal ridge." Development 126, no. 5 (1999): 883–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.5.883.

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The apical ectodermal ridge (AER), a transient specialized epithelium at the distal limb tip, is essential for vertebrate embryonic limb outgrowth along the proximodistal axis. Among all the molecules expressed in the AER, only the Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) have been shown to substitute for its function in limb outgrowth. After specification of the skeletal progenitors is complete, the AER regresses, having fulfilled its function. However, the cellular processes underlying AER regression remain largely unclear, and the molecular ones, totally unknown. Members of the Bone Morphogenetic P

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Kim, H. J., D. P. Rice, P. J. Kettunen, and I. Thesleff. "FGF-, BMP- and Shh-mediated signalling pathways in the regulation of cranial suture morphogenesis and calvarial bone development." Development 125, no. 7 (1998): 1241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.7.1241.

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The development of calvarial bones is tightly co-ordinated with the growth of the brain and needs harmonious interactions between different tissues within the calvarial sutures. Premature fusion of cranial sutures, known as craniosynostosis, presumably involves disturbance of these interactions. Mutations in the homeobox gene Msx2 as well as the FGF receptors cause human craniosynostosis syndromes. Our histological analysis of mouse calvarial development demonstrated morphological differences in the sagittal suture between embryonic and postnatal stages. In vitro culture of mouse calvaria show

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Soutton, Boussad, Chantal Gamby, Michel Crepin, and Richard Hamelin. "Tumoral progression of human breast epithelial cells secreting FGF2 AND FGF4." International Journal of Cancer 68, no. 5 (1996): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19961127)68:5<675::aid-ijc19>3.0.co;2-0.

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Gotoh, N., K. Manova, S. Tanaka та ін. "The Docking Protein FRS2α Is an Essential Component of Multiple Fibroblast Growth Factor Responses during Early Mouse Development". Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, № 10 (2005): 4105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.10.4105-4116.2005.

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ABSTRACT The docking protein FRS2α is a major mediator of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. However, the physiological role of FRS2α in vivo remains unknown. In this report, we show that Frs2α-null mouse embryos have a defect in anterior-posterior (A-P) axis formation and are developmentally retarded, resulting in embryonic lethality by embryonic day 8. We demonstrate that FRS2α is essential for the maintenance of self-renewing trophoblast stem (TS) cells in response to FGF4 in the extraembryonic ectoderm (ExE) that gives rise to tissues of the placenta. By analyzing chimeric embryos,

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Choi, Seung-Cheol, Ha-Rim Seo, Long-Hui Cui, et al. "Modeling Hypoxic Stress In Vitro Using Human Embryonic Stem Cells Derived Cardiomyocytes Matured by FGF4 and Ascorbic Acid Treatment." Cells 10, no. 10 (2021): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10102741.

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Mature cardiomyocytes (CMs) obtained from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been required for more accurate in vitro modeling of adult-onset cardiac disease and drug discovery. Here, we found that FGF4 and ascorbic acid (AA) induce differentiation of BG01 human embryonic stem cell–cardiogenic mesoderm cells (hESC-CMCs) into mature and ventricular CMs. Co-treatment of BG01 hESC-CMCs with FGF4+AA synergistically induced differentiation into mature and ventricular CMs. FGF4+AA-treated BG01 hESC-CMs robustly released acute myocardial infarction (AMI) biomarkers (cTnI, CK-MB, and myoglobin)

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Meng, F., B. Forrester-Gauntlett, H. Henderson, and B. Oback. "81 JAK-STAT SIGNALLING IS CRITICAL FOR INNER CELL MASS DEVELOPMENT IN BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab81.

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The inner cell mass (ICM) of mammalian blastocysts comprises 2 transient lineages, namely hypoblast and epiblast, which develop into extra-embryonic and embryonic tissues, respectively. In the mouse, epiblast cells autocrinally secrete fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to induce hypoblast differentiation, and pharmacological FGF/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal inhibition converts all ICM cells into epiblast. We conducted a chemical screen for additional signal enhancers of epiblast identity in bovine Day 8 blastocysts. From the morula stage onwards, in vitro-fertilised (IVF) embryo

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Brown, Emily A., Peter J. Dickinson, Tamer Mansour, et al. "FGF4 retrogene on CFA12 is responsible for chondrodystrophy and intervertebral disc disease in dogs." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 43 (2017): 11476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1709082114.

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Chondrodystrophy in dogs is defined by dysplastic, shortened long bones and premature degeneration and calcification of intervertebral discs. Independent genome-wide association analyses for skeletal dysplasia (short limbs) within a single breed (PBonferroni = 0.01) and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) across breeds (PBonferroni = 4.0 × 10−10) both identified a significant association to the same region on CFA12. Whole genome sequencing identified a highly expressed FGF4 retrogene within this shared region. The FGF4 retrogene segregated with limb length and had an odds ratio of 51.23 (95% CI

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Sun, Changye, Marco Marcello, Yong Li, David Mason, Raphaël Lévy, and David G. Fernig. "Selectivity in glycosaminoglycan binding dictates the distribution and diffusion of fibroblast growth factors in the pericellular matrix." Open Biology 6, no. 3 (2016): 150277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.150277.

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The range of biological outcomes generated by many signalling proteins in development and homeostasis is increased by their interactions with glycosaminoglycans, particularly heparan sulfate (HS). This interaction controls the localization and movement of these signalling proteins, but whether such control depends on the specificity of the interactions is not known. We used five fibroblast growth factors with an N-terminal HaloTag (Halo-FGFs) for fluorescent labelling, with well-characterized and distinct HS-binding properties, and measured their binding and diffusion in pericellular matrix of

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Boulet, Anne M., Anne M. Moon, Benjamin R. Arenkiel, and Mario R. Capecchi. "The roles of Fgf4 and Fgf8 in limb bud initiation and outgrowth." Developmental Biology 273, no. 2 (2004): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.06.012.

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Anderson, Matthew J., Eileen Southon, Lino Tessarollo, and Mark Lewandoski. "Fgf3-Fgf4-cis: A new mouse line for studyingFgffunctions during mouse development." genesis 54, no. 2 (2016): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.22913.

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Grillo, Lucia, Donatella Greco, Rosa Pettinato, et al. "Increased FGF3 and FGF4 gene dosage is a risk factor for craniosynostosis." Gene 534, no. 2 (2014): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.120.

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Pennarossa, G., S. Maffei, M. M. Rahman, F. Gandolfi, and T. A. L. Brevini. "302 IDENTIFICATION OF 3i TARGET MOLECULES AND THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN PORCINE PLURIPOTENCY NETWORKS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 1 (2013): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab302.

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Recent studies have shown that the use of specific inhibitors for signalling pathways known to drive murine embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation may represent a tool to derive and maintain pluripotent cell lines. The application of this novel approach could provide a new strategy to overcome the limitations still existing for the derivation of ESC in large animal species. These molecules, also known as 3i factors, include CHIR99021 (GSK3 inhibitor), PD173074 (FGF inhibitor) and PD0325901 (MAPK/ERK kinase or MEK inhibitor). However only scattered information are available on the involvemen

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