Relevant bibliographies by topics / FGM

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'FGM'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "FGM"

1

Zhang, Yan Bing, Chun Yu Ren, and Xi Zhu. "Research on Vibration and Sound Radiation from Submarine Functionally Graded Material Nonpressure Cylindrical Shell." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 3046–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.3046.

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In this paper, we establish the finite element (FEM) and boundary element (BEM) models of a submarine section, and study the underwater sound radiation field of three different non-pressure shells made of steel, steel with anechoic tile, and the functionally graded materials (FGM) separately using a method combining of FEM and BEM . Research shows that the combination of FEM and BEM can address the acoustic radiation calculation problem of FGM, and in comparison with steel and anechoic tile laying submarine section, the weight of FGM non-pressure shell reduces 1600kg, and the sound radiation p
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Sharma, Dinkar, and Ramandeep Kaur. "Thermoelastic analysis of FGM hollow cylinder for variable parameters and temperature distributions using FEM." Nonlinear Engineering 9, no. 1 (2020): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2020-0013.

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AbstractThis paper presents, numerical study of stress field in functionally graded material (FGM) hollow cylinder by using finite element method (FEM). The FGM cylinder is subjected to internal pressure and uniform heat generation. Thermoelastic material properties of FGM cylinder are assumed to vary along radius of cylinder as an exponential function of radius. The governing differential equation is solved numerically by FEM for isotropic and anistropic hollow cylinder. Additionally, the effect of material gradient index (β) on normalized radial stresses, normalized circumferential stress an
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Li, Nan, Ji Huan Tian, Wei Deng, and Hui Gang Sun. "Application of Functionally Graded Materials for Solid Insulator: Fabrication, Optimization Design, and Surface Flashover of Prototype Samples." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2308.

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The applicability of functionally graded materials (FGM) for solid insulator of gas insulated switchgear (GIS) was investigated. First, a new fabrication method based on layer-by-layer casting technique was demonstrated to prepare FGM insulator possessing spatial distribution of dielectric constants. Then, electric field strength in the FGM spacer model was calculated and optimized by using finite element method (FEM). Three types of truncated cone spacers were fabricated according to the optimization results. Finally, surface flashover tests were performed under AC voltage and lightning impul
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Dewi, Puspita, Liana Mustaip, and Riyana Rizki Yuliatin. "The attachment among generation in pertuating the female genital mutilation in Lombok." Jurnal Humanitas: Katalisator Perubahan dan Inovator Pendidikan 8, no. 2 (2022): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/jhm.v8i2.5974.

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FGM is maintained by local people in Lombok from generation to other generations. This study aims to explore how FGM practice still exists in Lombok. The qualitative research was used to discover the point of view of the subjects. The data was analyzed by content analysis. The data were gained from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews in three generations: Baby Boomer, Gen X, and Gen Y (Millennial). The research results show that the FGM perpetuates continuously because the attachment among generations. The attachment as one of the factors in pertuating the FGM because of the o
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Lee, Keunho, Sanghyun Woo, and Leeju Park. "Dynamic Tensile Extrusion Behavior of Fine-Grained Copper Fabricated by Powder Injection Molding." Crystals 12, no. 2 (2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020147.

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The dynamic tensile extrusion (DTE) behavior and microstructural evolution of fine-grained (FG, ~1 μm < d < ~10 μm) Cu fabricated by powder injection molding (PIM) were investigated. The FGM Cu was fabricated by PIM with commercial micro-sized Cu powder sintering at 850 °C for 2 h, while the FGH Cu was developed by the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of the FGM at 780 °C for 2 h under a pressure of 1000 bar. In order to compare the DTE behavior of the FG Cu manufactured using different methods, the ultrafine-grained-B (UFG, d < ~1 μm) Cu was developed by performing 16 passes of equal-cha
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Karlsen, Saffron, Natasha Carver, Magda Mogilnicka, and Christina Pantazis. "‘Putting salt on the wound’: a qualitative study of the impact of FGM-safeguarding in healthcare settings on people with a British Somali heritage living in Bristol, UK." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (2020): e035039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035039.

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ObjectivesThis research documents the experiences of people with Somali heritage with female genital mutilation (FGM)-safeguarding services in healthcare and whether such services are considered appropriate by the people who encounter them.DesignSix focus groups conducted with ethnic Somalis living in Bristol, during the summer of 2018, divided by gender and whether people had experienced FGM-safeguarding as adults or children.SettingParticipants experienced FGM-safeguarding in primary and secondary care.Participants30 people (21 women and 9 men), identified through local organisations or snow
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O’Neill, Sarah, Dina Bader, Cynthia Kraus, Isabelle Godin, Jasmine Abdulcadir, and Sophie Alexander. "Rethinking the Anti-FGM Zero-Tolerance Policy: from Intellectual Concerns to Empirical Challenges." Current Sexual Health Reports 12, no. 4 (2020): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00299-9.

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Abstract Purpose of Review Based on the discussions of a symposium co-organized by the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) and the University of Lausanne (UNIL) in Brussels in 2019, this paper critically reflects upon the zero-tolerance strategy on “Female Genital Mutilation” (FGM) and its socio-political, legal and moral repercussions. We ask whether the strategy is effective given the empirical challenges highlighted during the symposium, and also whether it is credible. Recent Findings The anti-FGM zero-tolerance policy, first launched in 2003, aims to eliminate all types of “female genital
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Yang, E. Chuan, Xiang Zhao, and Ying Hui Li. "Free Vibration Analysis for Cracked FGM Beams by Means of a Continuous Beam Model." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/197049.

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Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and a continuous stiffness beam model, the free vibration of rectangular-section beams made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) containing open edge cracks is studied. Assuming the material gradients follow exponential distribution along beam thickness direction, the conversion relation between the vibration governing equations of a FGM beam and that of an isotropic homogenous beam is deduced. A continuous function is used to characterize the bending stiffness of an edge cracked FGM beam. Thus, the cracked FGM beam is treated as an intact beam with cont
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Sharma, Rajesh, Vijay Kumar Jadon, Balkar Singh, and Neeraj Sharma. "Transient thermoelastic investigation of FGM composite plate with varying grading parameter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 6 (2016): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420716631150.

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Functionally graded materials (FGM) are newly developed materials described by variation in the characteristics gradually over volume. These materials find applications in very high temperature environments namely aerospace industry, nuclear reactors, gas turbines, and electronics cooling. These materials are used in high temperature environments with dynamic load conditions, so their transient thermoelastic analysis under these conditions is necessary. In this paper, transient thermoelastic investigation of FGM is carried out using finite element method (FEM). The effect of temperature depend
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Tran, Trung Thanh. "STATIC ANALYSIS OF FGM BOX USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD." Journal of Science and Technique 15, no. 3 (2020): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56651/lqdtu.jst.v15.n03.95.

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This paper presents the numerical result for the static bending analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) box by using the finite element method (FEM). The authors code the calculation program in MATLAB software and checked the established program by comparing it with other published works. In addition, the effects of some geometrical and material parameters on the static bending analysis of FGM boxes are investigated in detail.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FGM"

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John, Cornelia. "FGM in Swedish press : A dissertation examining the journalistic coverage of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Swedish press." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144056.

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What topics are discussed within the female genital mutilation debate? And who gets to speak out? Are there any prominent patterns able to detect? This thesis tries to elaborate these thoughts examining the journalistic coverage of FGM in Swedish newspapers during the year of 2016. A content analysis of all published newspapers during the year of interest sets the empirical basis, and is supported by interviews with journalists covering the issue. The dissertation holds a constructionist approach meaning that the perception of reality is constructed, and thereof differs. This approach also cla
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Inan, Ozgur. "Three Dimensional Fracture Analysis Of Fgm Coatings." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605299/index.pdf.

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The main objective of this study is to model the three dimensional surface cracking problem in Functionally Graded Material (FGM) coatings bonded to homogeneous substrates. The FGM coating is assumed to be a (ZrO2) &ndash<br>(Ti-6Al-4V) layer. Homogeneous ceramic, metal &ndash<br>rich, ceramic &ndash<br>rich and linear variation material compositions are considered in the analyses. The surface crack is assumed to have a semi &ndash<br>circular crack front profile. The surface crack problem in the FGM coating &ndash<br>substrate system is examined under mechanical and transient thermal loading.
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Mellachervu, Krishnaveni. "Study of the honeycomb structures and functionally graded materials using the BEM and FEM." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1206460053.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.<br>Advisor: Yijun Liu. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Feb.25, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: Honeycomb; FGM; BEM; FEM. Includes bibliographical references.
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Troh, Christian. "Violation of women's rights : Female Genital Mutilation FGM." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96445.

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This study intends to analyze the causes of the high prevalence of the practice of female genital mutilations (FGM) in Sudan, Nigeria, and Iraq. For the attainment of this objective, the researcher had used the secondary data collection and the qualitative data analysis method. The results of the study indicate that the factors of culture, religion and society are the three most important ones which had directly contributed towards the high prevalence of FGM in the different developing nations like Sudan, Nigeria and Iraq among others. More importantly, the results also indicate that the pract
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Hosseinzadeh, Delandar Arash. "Finite element analysis of thermally induced residual stresses in functionally graded materials." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-92519.

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Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are advanced materials and their main characteristic is microstructure and composition variation over the volume of the specimen. This variation of the composition results in changing of material properties in the component. In FGMs usually there are two different types of powder materials such as metal and ceramic powders which are mixed to build up the graded region. These grade layers are placed between the metal and ceramic layers and by this approach a smooth and gradual transient from metal to ceramic can be achieved.Sintering is the main technique to
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Ince, Ismet. "Periodic Crack Problem For An Fgm Coated Half Plane." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614376/index.pdf.

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An elastic FGM layer bonded to a semi-infinite linear elastic, isotropic, homogeneous half plane is considered. The half plane contains periodic cracks perpendicular to the interface. Mechanical loading is applied through crack surface pressure, resulting in a mode I crack problem. The plane elasticity problem described above is formulated by using Fourier transforms and Fourier series. A singular integral equation is obtained for the auxiliary variable, namely derivative of the crack surface displacement. Solution is obtained, and stress intensity factors are calculated for various values of
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Kalokoh, Nenneh Kalokoh. "The Effects of Female Genital Mutilation on Women of Sierra Leone." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3897.

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Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C), a common practice among Sierra Leonean women, carries significant psychological and physical risks. Prior to this study, a substantial need existed for inquiry of the experiences and belief systems within this cultural group to better understand the effects of FGM/C on women and girls. Guided by feminist theory and the theory of cultural relativism, the goal of this phenomenological study was to review the cultural perspectives and experiences of Sierra Leonean women who underwent FGM/C to investigate their concerns about safety and their perceptio
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Kose, Ayse. "Thermal Stress Problem For An Fgm Strip Containing Periodic Cracks." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615697/index.pdf.

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In this study the plane linear elastic problem of a functionally graded layer which contains periodic cracks is considered. The main objective of this study is to determine the thermal stress intensity factors for edge cracks. In order to find an analytic solution, Young&rsquo<br>s modulus and thermal conductivity are assumed to be varying exponentially across the thickness, whereas Poisson ratio and thermal diffusivity are taken as constant. First, one dimensional transient and steady state conduction problems are solved (heat flux being across the thickness) to determine the temperature dist
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Schultz, José Adolfo de Almeida. "FGM e suas generalizações sob um ponto de vista bayesiano." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306676.

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Orientador: Verónica Andrea González-Lopez<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Schultz_JoseAdolfodeAlmeida_M.pdf: 781903 bytes, checksum: 6f13c49a1d8a278498ea105b9b9a7a31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011<br>Resumo: O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital<br>Abstract: The abstract is available with the full electronic digital document<br>Mestrado<br>Inferencia Bayesiana<br>Mestre em Estatística
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Carneiro, Marcelo Bertolete. "Fabricação de ferramentas de corte em gradação funcional por Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-14122014-155118/.

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O objetivo do trabalho foi fabricar ferramentas de corte para usinagem a partir de materiais em gradação funcional (Functionally Graded Materials FGM), fazendo uso da técnica de sinterização por plasma pulsado (Spark Plasma Sintering SPS), a qual permite taxa de aquecimento e resfriamento maior do que as técnicas tradicionais, menor temperatura e tempo de operação, melhor controle energético e alta repetibilidade. Os materiais utilizados foram pós cerâmicos a base de alumina (Al2O3-ZrO2 e Al2O3-TiC) e metal duro (WC-Co), de modo que dois insertos foram desenvolvidos, um de cerâmica branca (A
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Books on the topic "FGM"

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United States. Office of the Senior Coordinator for International Women's Issues. and United States. Office of the Under Secretary for Global Affairs., eds. Country reports on female genital mutilation (FGM) or female genital cutting (FGC). U.S. Dept. of State, 2002.

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Ghamunga, Florence. Project review: "advocating for FGM eradication in Tanzania". WVT - Consultancy Services Unit, 2002.

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Happiness, Cosmas, and World Vision Tanzania. Advocacy Unit., eds. Female genital mutilation (FGM): Baseline survey report, central & Arusha zones. World Vision Tanzania, Advocacy Unit, 2000.

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L, Gamaya K., Bisimba Helen K, Hierlmeier Jodie, and Kituo cha Sheria na Haki za Binadamu (Tanzania), eds. The legal process, can it save girls from FGM?: A case of three Maasai girls in Morogoro" : a report on the enforcement of the FGM law. Legal and Human Rights Centre, 2004.

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O’Dey, Dan mon. Vulvar Reconstruction Following Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and other Acquired Deformities. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02168-9.

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O´Dey, Dan mon. Die anatomische Rekonstruktion der Vulva nach weiblicher Genitalverstümmelung/-beschneidung (FGM/C) und anderen erworbenen Defekten. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26870-0.

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Sahl, Ibrahim M. G. Towards a new Silif: Breaking the silence on FGM among the Beja pastoralists of eastern Sudan. ACORD, 2004.

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Programme, GOK/UNFPA/UNICEF FGM/C, and United Nations Population Fund. Kenya Country Office, eds. Study on socio-cultural dynamics and community structures that promote FGM/C in Samburu and Baringo counties. UNFPA Kenya Country Office, 2011.

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Kenya. Ministry of Gender, Children, and Social Development. Baseline assessments/surveys for FGM/C interventions in selected districts: Marakwet, Kuria, Migori, Naivasha and Mt. Elgon districts. Ministry of Gender, Children, and Social Development, 2010.

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International Conference on Multiscale and Functionally Graded Materials (9th 2006 Oahu, Hawaii). Multiscale and functionally graded materials: Proceedings of the international conference, FGM IX, Oahu Island, Hawaii, 15-18 October 2006. Edited by Paulino G. H. American Institute of Physics, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "FGM"

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Sharma, Pankaj. "Basics of FGM and FGPM." In Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Actuators. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3717-8_3.

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Pei, Eujin, and Israt Kabir. "Development of FGM and FGAM." In A Guide to Additive Manufacturing. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05863-9_8.

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AbstractFGM is a special class of composite material that was first developed in Japan around 1984 for the propulsion system and airframe of space planes. The challenge was to create a thermal barrier that would be capable of withstanding a temperature of 1000 °C over a cross-section of 10 mm. A sharp interface between the matrix and the reinforcement in a traditional composite material would cause cracking in high temperatures. The cracks occur due to the generation of interfacial stress induced by the mismatch of thermal expansion between two different materials.
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Burrage, Hilary. "FGM Studies." In The Routledge International Handbook of Harmful Cultural Practices. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003316701-25.

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Lisa, Caroline. "What Is FGM?" In Talking About Female Genital Mutilation. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003333142-2.

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Julios, Christina. "The FGM debate." In Female Genital Mutilation and Social Media. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315179865-3.

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Abdulcadir, Jasmine, Noémie Sachs Guedj, Michal Yaron, et al. "FGM/C Complications." In Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Children and Adolescents. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81736-7_6.

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Richter, Johanna. "Female genital mutilation (FGM)." In Human Rights Education Through Ciné Débat. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12723-7_2.

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Richter, Johanna. "FGM in Burkina Faso." In Human Rights Education Through Ciné Débat. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12723-7_3.

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Tanigawa, Yoshinobu, and Ryuusuke Kawamura. "Analytical Method of FGM." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_208.

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Guo, Licheng. "Multilayered Method for FGM." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_226.

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Conference papers on the topic "FGM"

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Su, Ziyi, Kazuaki Inaba, Amit Karmakar, and Apurba Das. "Characterization of Mechanical Property of PLA-ABS Functionally Graded Material Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling." In ASME 2021 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2021-76025.

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Abstract Application of functionally graded materials (FGMs) in energy, aviation and nuclear industries has increased since the last decade due to potential reduction of in-plane and transverse through-the-thickness stresses, enhanced residual stress distribution, superior thermal properties, free from delamination, and reduced stress intensity factors. FGMs are categorized as an advanced class of composite materials where the two constituent materials are graded along the thickness direction. Absence of sharp change in material property in the interface layer eliminates the problem of delamin
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Jin, Zhi-He, and Glaucio H. Paulino. "Transient Thermal Stress Analysis of an Interior Crack in Functionally Graded Materials." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1697.

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Abstract An internal crack in a strip of a functionally graded material (FGM) is studied under transient thermal loading conditions. The FGM is assumed having constant Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, but the thermal properties of the material vary along the thickness direction of the strip. Thus the material is elastically homogeneous but thermally nonhomogeneous. This kind of FGMs include some ceramic/ceramic FGMs such as TiC/SiC and MoSi2/Al2O3, and also some ceramic/metal FGMs such as zirconia/nickel and zirconia/steel. Thermal stress intensity factors (TSIFs) are calculated for a TiC/
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Chen, Yukun, Guoyong Jin, Tiangui Ye, and Shanjun Li. "Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of High-Speed Rotating Pre-Twisted FGM Blades Considering Initial Large Deformations." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-94254.

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Abstract Rotating pre-twisted blades made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) have broad application prospects in engineering owing to their superior properties. With a high-velocity rotational motion, the blades would exhibit large-amplitude deformations due to the severe centrifugal forces and their vibration behaviors might be affected. This paper presents a nonlinear vibration analysis of rotating pre-twisted FGM blades considering the large-amplitude deformations caused by centrifugal forces. Based on the Carrera unified formulation and 3-D nonlinear elasticity shell theory, a prior l
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Kurşun, Ali, Muzaffer Topçu, and Uğur Yücel. "Stress Analysis of a Rotating FGM Circular Disc With Exponentially-Varying Properties." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85592.

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In this study, elastic stress analysis of a thin circular disc made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) subjected to a temperature load and an inertia force due to rotation of the disc is investigated. Based on the two dimensional thermoelastic theories, the axisymmetric problem is formulated in terms of a second order ordinary differential equation which is solved by finite difference method (FDM). The FGM disc is assumed to have exponential variation of material properties in radial direction only and Poisson’s ratio is kept constant. The result also compared with semi-analytical solutio
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Cooley, W. Glenn, and Anthony Palazotto. "Finite Element Analysis of Functionally Graded Shell Panels Under Thermal Loading." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82776.

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Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) have continuous variation of material properties from one surface to another unlike a composite which has stepped (or discontinuous) material properties. The gradation of properties in an FGM reduces the thermal stresses, residual stresses, and stress concentrations found in traditional composites. An FGM’s gradation in material properties allows the designer to tailor material response to meet design criteria. For example, the Space Shuttle utilizes ceramic tiles as thermal protection from heat generated during re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere. However,
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Leung, Yuen-Shan, Huachao Mao, and Yong Chen. "Approximate Functionally Graded Materials for Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86391.

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Functionally graded materials (FGM) possess superior properties of multiple materials due to the continuous transitions of these materials. Recent progresses in multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) processes enable the creation of arbitrary material composition, which significantly enlarges the manufacturing capability of FGMs. At the same time, the fabrication capability also introduces new challenges for the design of FGMs. A critical issue is to create the continuous material distribution under the fabrication constraints of multi-material AM processes. Using voxels to approximate gra
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Santos, Jr., Eugene, Eunice E. Santos, Hien Nguyen, et al. "Applying I-FGM to image retrieval and an I-FGM system performance analyses." In Defense and Security Symposium, edited by Kevin L. Priddy and Emre Ertin. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.722633.

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Auad, Samir P., Jamires S. C. Praciano, Elias S. Barroso, João B. M. Sousa Jr., and Evandro Parente Jr. "Isogeometric analysis of fgm plates." In Brazilian Conference on Composite Materials. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/bccm4.2018.16.09.

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Zhao, J., and X. Ai. "Failure Modes and Mechanisms of Functionally Gradient Ceramic Tools With High Thermal Shock Resistance." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21056.

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As cutting tool materials, ceramics posses high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability, with less deformation or dissolution wear in cutting processes. In spite of the advances in strengthening and toughening of ceramic tool materials as well as the improved processing techniques, their applications in intermittent cutting operations are still restricted by their intrinsic drawbacks such as lower strength, lower fracture toughness and lower thermal shock resistance. The introduction of the concept of functionally gradient materials (FGM) into the design and fabricati
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Szubartowski, Damian, and Artur Ganczarski. "Problem of FGM TBC coated cylinder." In COMPUTER METHODS IN MECHANICS (CMM2017): Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computer Methods in Mechanics. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5019117.

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Reports on the topic "FGM"

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Muteshi-Strachan, Jacinta. The FGM/C research programme. Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh8.1009.

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Marouf, Meral, and Jennifer Palmer. Key Considerations: Female Genital Mutilation Among Sudanese Displaced Populations in Egypt. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.059.

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a deeply entrenched cultural practice involving the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. It is recognised as a severe violation of human rights. Worldwide, four million girls are subjected to this practice each year, with four in ten FGM survivors living in fragile and conflict-affected countries.1 The practice of FGM is addressed in UN Sustainable Development Goal 5.3. This goal aims to eliminate all harmful practices including FGM and child, early, and forced marriage by 2030 – including among those living in cr
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Matanda, Dennis, Francis Obare, and Chi-Chi Undie. Guidance document on the use of opinion polls and vignettes to measure public opinion, attitudes and behavioural intentions related to female genital mutilation. Population Council, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1025.

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This guidance document is part of the FGM Data Hub’s effort to address challenges encountered by programme implementers in measuring change (specifically, unstandardised measurement indicators and complex surveys) and the effect of social desirability in the context of female genital mutilation (FGM). The guidance focuses on how to use a tool developed by the FGM Data Hub to measure social attitudes toward FGM. The process leading to the development of this guidance involved piloting the tool—a simple opinion poll survey using a combination of direct (self-report) and indirect (vignettes about
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Matanda, Dennis, Francis Obare, Stephen Kizito, and Chi-Chi Undie. Using opinion polls and vignettes to generate robust data to measure public opinion/attitudes on female genital mutilation in Isiolo County, Kenya: A pilot study. Population Council, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1031.

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This study was conducted as part of the efforts of the Council's FGM Data Hub to address measurement challenges encountered by programme implementers in measuring change and the effect of social desirability in the context of FGM. The study involved piloting a simple opinion poll survey using a combination of direct (self-report) and indirect (vignettes) questioning methodologies to generate robust data to measure public views on FGM. While opinion polls have been widely used in market research and to measure public views on other stigmatised or illegal behaviours such as abortion, they have r
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Greenbaum, Charlotte, and Reshma Naik. A Reference Guide: Six Practical Tips for Understanding Data on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C). Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1020.

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The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) was a core partner on the Population Council’s Evidence to End FGM/C: Research to Help Girls and Women Thrive—a UKAID-funded research program to help end female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) within one generation. Their role was to build the consortium’s capacity for research utilization and to develop innovative tools and products to improve how researchers communicate their findings about FGM/C to key decisionmakers. This reference guide aims to help researchers, advocates, program managers, and policymakers understand, interpret, and use the latest
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Hudnut, Steven, and Minoru Taya. Thermomechanical Behavior of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM). Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398654.

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Muteshi-Strachan, Jacinta, and Carolyne Njue. Monitoring and evaluating FGM/C abandonment programs. Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh8.1011.

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Barsoum, Ghada, Nadia Rifaat, Omaima El-Gibaly, Nihal Elwan, and Natalie Forcier. Toward FGM-free villages in Egypt: A mid-term evaluation and documentation of the FGM-free village project. Population Council, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2.1070.

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Obare Onyango, Francis, Dennis Matanda, Tchaiwe Zulu, and Stephen Kizito. Using the Confidante method to measure new or recent cases of female genital mutilation: Insights from Narok County, Kenya. Population Council, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2023.1060.

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This report presents insights from a study conducted in Narok County of Kenya that used the Confidante method to identify new or recent cases of FGM. The study was a cross-sectional community-based survey conducted in November and December of 2022 among 703 women and girls aged 15-49 years in Narok East sub-county of Narok County. Participants were asked about the attitudes and experiences of FGM of up to three of their confidantes, defined as persons with whom they would share private information and who would also share such information with them. They provided information on a total of 1,68
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Obare Onyango, Francis, and Chi-Chi Undie. Girls and Boys Clubs Self-Administered Tool. Population Council, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1051.

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This questionnaire was designed by the FGM Data Hub to be administered to girls and boys participating in the clubs implemented under FCDO-funded The Girl Generation – Support to the Africa-led Movement (TGG-ALM) to End FGM. The purpose was to generate data for tracking changes in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and agency in relation to FGM and gender norms among girls and boys participating in the clubs, as well as the extent of their involvement in the programme.
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