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Journal articles on the topic 'FGM Algorithm'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Janane Allah, M., Y. Belaasilia, A. Timesli, and A. El Haouzi. "TSDT theory for free vibration of functionally graded plates with various material properties." Mathematical Modeling and Computing 8, no. 4 (2021): 691–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/mmc2021.04.691.

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In this work, an implicit algorithm is used for analyzing the free dynamic behavior of Functionally Graded Material (FGM) plates. The Third order Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT) is used to develop the proposed model. In this contribution, the formulation is written without any homogenization technique as the rule of mixture. The Hamilton principle is used to establish the resulting equations of motion. For spatial discretization based on Finite Element Method (FEM), a quadratic element with four and eight nodes is adopted using seven degrees of freedom per node. An implicit algorithm is used f

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Dreval', A. V., T. P. Shestakova, A. A. Manukyan, and O. G. Brezhneva. "The individualized statistical analysis of the continuous glucose monitoring data." Almanac of Clinical Medicine 48, no. 7 (2020): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2020-48-068.

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Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has shown its benefits in pregnant women with diabetes. Flash glucose monitoring (FGM), as one of the CGM types, has not been well assessed in this patient group. The interpretation of a big volume of information on glycaemia obtained with various CGM devices is possible with statistical analysis according to the algorithms proposed by manufacturers. While these algorithms cannot be comprehensive, evaluation of alternative approaches to the CGM data statistical analysis and comparison of the results obtained with different devices seem reasonable

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3

Franco Correia, Victor, José S. Moita, Filipa Moleiro, and Cristóvão M. Mota Soares. "Optimization of Metal–Ceramic Functionally Graded Plates Using the Simulated Annealing Algorithm." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020729.

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This work involves the design optimization of metal–ceramic through the thickness of functionally graded material (FGM) plates subjected to thermomechanical loadings. Constrained optimization was performed for minimum mass and minimum material cost of the FGM plates. The design process of FGM plate structures requires a good choice of metal and ceramic materials and the adequate definition of the components volume fractions through the thickness direction in order to accomplish a certain structural behavior, while optimizing the material costs and/or the plate mass. Here, the optimization prob

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Han, Ean-Gyu, Dong-Min Seo, Jun-Seo Lee, et al. "Asymmetry Elliptical Likelihood Potential Field for Real-Time Three-Dimensional Collision Avoidance in Industrial Robots." Electronics 14, no. 6 (2025): 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14061102.

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Industrial robots play a crucial role in modern manufacturing, but ensuring safe human–robot collaboration remains a challenge. Traditional collision avoidance methods, such as physical barriers and emergency stops, are limited in efficiency and flexibility. This study proposes the Asymmetry Elliptical Likelihood Potential Field (AELPF) algorithm, a novel real-time collision avoidance system inspired by autonomous driving technologies. The AELPF method leverages LiDAR sensors to dynamically compute an asymmetric elliptical repulsive field, enabling precise obstacle detection and avoidance in 3

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Cherkez, R. G., О. М. Porubanyi, A. S. Zhukova, M. O. Dubinin, and N. V. Panasiuk. "Computer design of permeable functionally graded materials for thermoelements in electric energy generation mode." Journal of Thermoelectricity, no. 3 (September 25, 2023): 27–36. https://doi.org/10.63527/1607-8829-2023-3-27-36.

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Based on the Pontryagin maximum principle of optimal control theory, a methodology for designing optimal functionally graded materials (FGM) for permeable thermoelectric elements is presented. An algorithm and a computer program have been created, which have been tested for finding the optimal FGM for n- and p-type legs based on Bi-Te-Se-Sb. It has been shown that under optimal conditions, 1.3-1.7 fold efficiency increase is achieved when using permeable generator thermoelements with FGM compared to traditional thermoelements with homogeneous legs.

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Khalil, Sihame, Oussama Elmhaia, Abdellah Hamdaoui, et al. "Modeling of Functionally Graded Material Shells." E3S Web of Conferences 601 (2025): 00090. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202560100090.

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In this research, we propose an algorithm to study the buckling of thin Functionally Graded Material (FGM) shells, utilizing a novel implementation of the asymptotic numerical method (ANM). Our approach integrates a three-step process: representation of variables and loading conditions through a truncated Taylor series, discretization using the finite element method (FEM), and advancement via a continuation method. This method is particularly effective for tracking the solution curve through systematic matrix inversion and tolerance adjustments. By applying this robust algorithm within the fra

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7

Yang, Juan, Zhi Jun Zhang, and Jian Lu Luo. "A Hierarchical Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3135.

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For mobile ad hoc networks, hierarchical algorithm can reduce communication relay and enhance the QoS of MANETs. In this paper, A hierarchical algorithm-FGM algorithm is proposed. This algorithm based on dynamic node’s Multi-feature fusion and Gibbs Random Field—Maximum a Posterior. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

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Pei, Lingling, and Jun Liu. "A Predictive Analysis of the Business Environment of Economies along the Belt and Road Using the Fractional-Order Grey Model." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3153731.

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This paper determined the optimal order of FGM (1, 1) model through particle swarm optimization algorithm and combined with the World Bank business environment data to predict and analyze the business environment of economies along the Belt and Road. The empirical results show that the FGM (1, 1) model has a good predicting effect on the business environment. In terms of prediction accuracy, the FGM (1, 1) model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine the optimal order is significantly better than the traditional GM (1, 1) model. The predict results show that the business e

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9

Alshabatat, Nabeel, Adnan I. O. Zaid, and Safwan M. Al-Qawabah. "Design of Zirconia-Aluminum Functionally Graded Material for Buckling and Vibration Characteristics Enhancement of Beam/Column Structure." Key Engineering Materials 735 (May 2017): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.735.100.

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This paper presents a design method to optimize the material distribution of zirconia/aluminum-functionally graded material with respect to some buckling and vibration properties. The distribution of volume fractions of the FGM constituents is defined through the beam or column length by a trigonometric law. The finite element method is used for the buckling and vibration analysis, and a genetic algorithm is utilized for optimization of the chosen objective function. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by two design problems. In the first design problem, FGM is used to maximize the bu

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10

Li, Q., and X. Y. Xu. "Self-adaptive slicing algorithm for 3D printing of FGM components." Materials Research Innovations 19, sup5 (2015): S5–635—S5–641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1432891714z.0000000001167.

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11

Mehditabar, Aref, Saeid Ansari Sadrabadi, Raffaele Sepe, Enrico Armentani, Jason Walker, and Roberto Citarella. "Influences of Material Variations of Functionally Graded Pipe on the Bree Diagram." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082936.

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The present research is concerned with the elastic–plastic responses of functionally graded material (FGM) pipe, undergoing two types of loading conditions. For the first case, the FGM is subjected to sustained internal pressure combined with a cyclic bending moment whereas, in the second case, sustained internal pressure is applied simultaneously with a cyclic through-thickness temperature gradient. The properties of the studied FGM are considered to be variable through shell thickness according to a power-law function. Two different designs of the FGM pipe are adopted in the present research

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Xu, Yalan, Yu Qian, and Kongming Guo. "Statistical Identification of Parameters for Damaged FGM Structures with Material Uncertainties in Thermal Environment." Complexity 2018 (2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9034865.

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Considering that the statistic numerical characteristics are often required in the probability-based damage identification and safety assessment of functionally graded material (FGM) structures, an stochastic model updating-based inverse computational method to identify the second-order statistics (means and variances) of material properties as well as distribution of constituents for damaged FGM structures with material uncertainties is presented by using measurable modal parameters of structures. The region truncation-based optimization method is employed to simplify the computational proces

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13

Yang, Yunfei, Jiamei Xiong, Lei Zhao, Xiaomei Wang, Lianlian Hua, and Lifeng Wu. "A Novel Method of Blockchain Cryptocurrency Price Prediction Using Fractional Grey Model." Fractal and Fractional 7, no. 7 (2023): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7070547.

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Cryptocurrency prices have the characteristic of high volatility, which has a specific resistance to cryptocurrency price prediction. Therefore, the appropriate cryptocurrency price predictive method can help reduce the investment risk of investors. In this study, we proposed a novel prediction method using a fractional grey model (FGM (1,1)) to predict the price of blockchain cryptocurrency. Specifically, this study established the FGM (1,1) through the closing price of three representative blockchain cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Litecoin (LTC)). It adopted the PSO alg

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14

Shimojima, Koji, Yoshimitsu Yamada, Mamoru Mabuchi, et al. "Optimization Method of FGM Compositional Distribution Profile Design by Genetic Algorithm." Materials Science Forum 308-311 (May 1999): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.308-311.1006.

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15

Alshabatat, Nabeel T., and Koorosh Naghshineh. "Optimization of Natural Frequencies and Sound Power of Beams Using Functionally Graded Material." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2014 (February 20, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/752361.

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This paper presents a design method to optimize the material distribution of functionally graded beams with respect to some vibration and acoustic properties. The change of the material distribution through the beam length alters the stiffness and the mass of the beam. This can be used to alter a specific beam natural frequency. It can also be used to reduce the sound power radiated from the vibrating beam. Two novel volume fraction laws are used to describe the material volume distributions through the length of the FGM beam. The proposed method couples the finite element method (for the moda

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P.Sathish, Kumar, and T.Suvathi. "AN OPTIMAL FORECASTING OF LATENT SIMILARITY BASED RELATIONSHIP ON USER ATTRIBUTES USING LINK PREDICTION." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 11 (2017): 43–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1098403.

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<strong><em>Communal is one of the common words. A billion of peoples share or have certain attitudes and interests in common. By sharing and receiving the information such as text, image, audio, video etc., this kind of information, it improves the global knowledge, easily distinct the good and bad things. Now days, Social media is a good platform to share the content collectively with collaboration. Digital technologies are spread all over the global rapidly. It is an efficient way to improve the knowledge via Communal. People do not show the attention to join the community because of addict

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17

Zhang, Siyu, Liusan Wu, Ming Cheng, and Dongqing Zhang. "Prediction of Whole Social Electricity Consumption in Jiangsu Province Based on Metabolic FGM (1, 1) Model." Mathematics 10, no. 11 (2022): 1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10111791.

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The achievement of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets requires the adjustment of the energy structure, in which the dual-carbon progress of the power industry will directly affect the realization process of the goal. In such terms, an accurate demand forecast is imperative for the government and enterprises’ decision makers to develop an optimal strategy for electric energy planning work in advance. According to the data of the whole social electricity consumption in Jiangsu Province of China from 2015 to 2019, this paper uses the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to

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18

Lee, Keon Myung, Kyoung Soon Hwang, Kyung Mi Lee, Seung Kee Han, Woo Hyun Jung, and Seungbok Lee. "Supervised Learning-Based Feature Selection for Mondrian Paintings Style Authentication." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 16, no. 7 (2012): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2012.p0894.

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This paper concerns feature selection for computational analysis in authenticating works of art. The various features designed and extracted from art work in art forgery detection or the identification of the characteristics of art work style are valuable only when they have a meaningful influence on a given task such as classification. This paper presents features applicable to authenticating the painting style of Piet Mondrian and demonstrates meaningful features by using two supervised learning algorithms, a decision tree induction algorithm C4.5 and the Feature Generating Machine (FGM), bo

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19

Karsh, P. K., R. R. Kumar, and S. Dey. "Radial Basis Function-Based Stochastic Natural Frequencies Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 09 (2019): 1950061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876219500610.

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This paper deals with portraying the stochastic natural frequencies of cantilever plates made up of functionally graded materials (FGMs) by employing the radial basis function (RBF)-based finite element (FE) approach. The material modeling of FGM plates is carried out by employing three different distribution laws, namely power law, sigmoid law, and exponential law. A generalized algorithm is developed for uncertainty quantification of natural frequencies of the FGM structures due to stochastic variation in the material properties and temperature. The deterministic FE code is validated with th

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20

Öner, Erdal. "Computational contact mechanics for a medium consisting of functionally graded material coating and orthotropic substrate." Journal of Structural Engineering & Applied Mechanics 4, no. 4 (2021): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31462/jseam.2021.04249266.

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This paper presents a semi-analytical method to investigate the frictionless contact mechanics between a functionally graded material (FGM) coating and an orthotropic substrate when the system is indented by a rigid flat punch. From the bottom, the orthotropic substrate is completely bonded to the rigid foundation. The body force of the orthotropic substrate is ignored in the solution, while the body force of the FGM coating is considered. An exponential function is used to define the smooth variation of the shear modulus and density of the FGM coating, and the variation of Poisson’s ratio is

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Li, Zhaohui, Luli Zhou, Xueru Yang, Hongyu Jia, Wenli Li, and Jiehan Zhang. "User Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 via Adversarial Training Based on the BERT-FGM-BiGRU Model." Systems 11, no. 3 (2023): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11030129.

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With the rapid development of social network platforms, Sina Weibo has become the main carrier for modern netizens to express public views and emotions. How to obtain the tendency of public opinion and analyze the text’s emotion more accurately and reasonably has become one of the main challenges for the government to monitor public opinion in the future. Due to the sparseness of Weibo text data and the complex semantics of Chinese, this paper proposes an emotion analysis model based on the Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers pre-training model (BERT), Fast Gradient Method (

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22

Zachariah, Swaroop Georgy, Mohd Arshad, and Ashok Kumar Pathak. "A new family of copulas based on probability generating functions." Mathematica Slovaca 74, no. 4 (2024): 1039–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ms-2024-0076.

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Abstract We propose a method to obtain a new class of copulas using a probability generating function (PGF) of positive-integer valued random variable. Some existing copulas in the literature are sub-families of the proposed copulas. Various dependence measures and invariant property of the tail dependence coefficient under PGF transformation are also discussed. We propose an algorithm for generating random numbers from the PGF copula. The bivariate concavity properties, such as Schur concavity and quasi-concavity, associated with the PGF copula are studied. Two new generalized FGM copulas are

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23

Nouri, Ali, and Sohrab Astaraki. "Optimization of Sound Transmission Loss through a Thin Functionally Graded Material Cylindrical Shell." Shock and Vibration 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/814682.

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The maximizing of sound transmission loss (TL) across a functionally graded material (FGM) cylindrical shell has been conducted using a genetic algorithm (GA). To prevent the softening effect from occurring due to optimization, the objective function is modified based on the first resonant frequency. Optimization is performed over the frequency range 1000–4000 Hz, where the ear is the most sensitive. The weighting constants are chosen here to correspond to an A-weighting scale. Since the weight of the shell structure is an important concern in most applications, the weight of the optimized str

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24

John, Bibin, Sudhanva Kusuma Chandrashekhara, and Vivekkumar Panneerselvam. "Conjugate heat transfer study of hypersonic flow past a cylindrical leading edge composed of functionally graded materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 236, no. 8 (2021): 4394–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544062211048179.

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Aero-thermodynamic analysis of a cylindrical leading edge placed in a hypersonic stream is carried out using an in-house developed conjugate heat transfer (CHT) solver. Isotropic and functionally graded materials (FGM) are tested as heat shields to understand the effects of the material property on the flow structure and aerodynamic heating associated with the mutual coupling of fluid flow and heat transfer. A simplified partitioned approach is employed to couple the independently developed fluid flow and heat transfer solvers to perform conjugate heat transfer studies. This framework employs

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Hao, Y. X., W. Zhang, and X. L. Ji. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response of Functionally Graded Rectangular Plates under Different Internal Resonances." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/738648.

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The nonlinear dynamic response of functionally graded rectangular plates under combined transverse and in-plane excitations is investigated under the conditions of 1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 internal resonance. The material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and vary along the thickness direction. The thermal effect due to one-dimensional temperature gradient is included in the analysis. The governing equations of motion for FGM rectangular plates are derived by using Reddy's third-order plate theory and Hamilton's principle. Galerkin's approach is utilized to reduce the governing

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Zhang, Xiao, Jingyi Wang, Liusan Wu, Ming Cheng, and Dongqing Zhang. "Prediction of the Total Output Value of China’s Construction Industry Based on FGM (1,1) Model." Axioms 11, no. 9 (2022): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11090450.

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The total output value of the construction industry (TOVCI) reflects its own development level to a certain extent. An accurate prediction of the construction industry’s total output value is beneficial to the government’s dynamic regulation. The grey prediction model is widely used for its simple calculation process and high prediction accuracy. Based on the TOVCI of China from 2017 to 2020, this paper constructs an FGM (1,1) model, calculates r by a simulated annealing algorithm, and forecasts the TOVCI of China in next few years. At present, the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) i

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Eghtesad, A., A. R. Shafiei, and M. Mahzoon. "A new fluid–solid interface algorithm for simulating fluid structure problems in FGM plates." Journal of Fluids and Structures 30 (April 2012): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2012.02.005.

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Tung, Hoang Van. "Postbuckling of thick FGM cylindrical panels with tangential edge constraints and temperature dependent properties." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 38, no. 2 (2016): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/38/2/7066.

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This paper investigates postbuckling behavior of thick FGM cylindrical panels resting on elastic foundations and subjected to thermal, mechanical and thermomechanical loading conditions. Material properties are assumed to be temperature dependent, and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of constituents. Governing equations are based on higher order shear deformation shell theory incorporating von Karman-Donnell geometrical nonlinearity, initial geometrical imperfection, tangential edge constraints and Pasternak type el

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Suzuki, Nobuyuki, Atsushi Ikeda, Hiroya Ueyama, et al. "Endoscopic Diagnosis Strategy of Raspberry-Shaped Gastric Lesion in Helicobacter Pylori-Uninfected Patient." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 17 (2023): 5437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12175437.

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Objectives: We aimed to clarify the endoscopic and clinicopathological features of raspberry-shaped gastric lesions (RSGLs) and to establish an endoscopic diagnostic algorithm for RSGLs. Methods: We collected RSGLs from an endoscopic database at our hospital between May 2009 and August 2021. All RSGLs were histopathologically classified and compared based on their endoscopic and clinicopathological characteristics. Results: Sixty-five RSGLs in 54 patients were classified into five histopathological types: gastric adenocarcinoma of foveolar type (GA-FV, n = 43), gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic

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Xiong, Chunyan, and Liusan Wu. "Prediction of China’s Express Business Volume Based on FGM (1, 1) Model." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (August 14, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8585238.

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With the continuous development of the economy, people’s lifestyle has changed greatly, online shopping has become a better choice for many people, and the express business volume is also increasing. Forecasting express business volume is of benefit to the healthy development of the logistics industry. Based on the data of China’s express business volume from 2015 to 2019, this paper uses the improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to calculate the fractional-order r of the FGM (1, 1) model and forecasts China’s express business volume from 2020 to 2023. The results indicate that in the

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Shen, Qin-Qin, Quan Shi, Tian-Pei Tang, and Lin-Quan Yao. "A Novel Weighted Fractional GM(1,1) Model and Its Applications." Complexity 2020 (January 20, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6570683.

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Based on the ideas of the new information priority principle and the fractional-accumulation generating operator, in this paper we propose a novel weighted fractional GM(1,1) (WFGM(1,1)) prediction model. In the new model, the original sequence is first transformed by using the weighted fractional-accumulation generating operator, which involves two parameters. With special choices of these parameters, the proposed WFGM(1,1) model reduces to the classical GM(1,1) model and the fractional GM(1,1) (FGM(1,1)) model, as well as the new information priority GM(1,1) (NIPGM(1,1)) model studied recent

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Tung, Hoang Van. "Thermomechanical postbuckling of thick FGM plates resting on elastic foundations with tangential edge constraints." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 38, no. 1 (2016): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/38/1/7036.

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This paper investigates the effects of tangential edge constraints and elastic foundations on the buckling and postbuckling behavior of thick FGM rectangular plates resting on elastic foundations and subjected to thermal and thermomechanical loading conditions. Material properties are assumed to be temperature dependent, and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of constituents. Governing equations are based on the higher order shear deformation plate theory incorporating the von Karman geometrical nonlinearity, initial

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Khatir, Samir, Samir Tiachacht, Cuong Le Thanh, Emad Ghandourah, Seyedali Mirjalili, and Magd Abdel Wahab. "An improved Artificial Neural Network using Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for damage assessment in FGM composite plates." Composite Structures 273 (October 2021): 114287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114287.

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Klapdor, E. V., F. di Mare, W. Kollmann, and J. Janicka. "A Compressible Pressure-based Solution Algorithm for Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers Using the PDF/FGM Model." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 91, no. 2 (2013): 209–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-013-9451-2.

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Alshabatat, Nabeel Taiseer. "Natural Frequencies Optimization of Thin-Walled Circular Cylindrical Shells Using Axially Functionally Graded Materials." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030698.

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One method to avoid vibration resonance is shifting natural frequencies far away from excitation frequencies. This study investigates optimizing the natural frequencies of circular cylindrical shells using axially functionally graded materials. The constituents of functionally graded materials (FGMs) vary continuously in the longitudinal direction based on a trigonometric law or using interpolation of volume fractions at control points. The spatial change of material properties alters structural stiffness and mass, which then affects the structure’s natural frequencies. The local material prop

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Tornabene, Francesco, and Alessandro Ceruti. "Mixed Static and Dynamic Optimization of Four-Parameter Functionally Graded Completely Doubly Curved and Degenerate Shells and Panels Using GDQ Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/867079.

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This study deals with a mixed static and dynamic optimization of four-parameter functionally graded material (FGM) doubly curved shells and panels. The two constituent functionally graded shell consists of ceramic and metal, and the volume fraction profile of each lamina varies through the thickness of the shell according to a generalized power-law distribution. The Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method is applied to determine the static and dynamic responses for various FGM shell and panel structures. The mechanical model is based on the so-called First-order Shear Deformation Theo

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Zhang, Guihua, Jiayue Liu, Yuxin Wu, and Guangxi Yue. "Novel Data-Driven PDF Modeling in FGM Method Based on Sparse Turbulent Flame Data." Energies 18, no. 13 (2025): 3546. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133546.

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The Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) method is widely employed in turbulent combustion simulations due to its high accuracy and computational efficiency. However, the model’s ability to capture turbulent combustion interactions is limited by the shape of the presumed probability density function (PDF) of the mixture fraction and progress variable. To construct a conditional β PDF with better performance, a systematic PDF modeling and analysis framework coupled with machine learning methods based on the sparse experimental data was proposed. A comparative analysis was conducted for five machin

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Mohd Ramli, Siti Norafidah, Sharifah Farah Syed Yusoff Alhabshi, and Nur Atikah Mohamed Rozali. "Risk Analysis of the Copula Dependent Aggregate Discounted Claims with Weibull Inter-Arrival Time." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 7 (2021): 2109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5007-24.

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We model the recursive moments of aggregate discounted claims, assuming the inter-claim arrival time follows a Weibull distribution to accommodate overdispersed and underdispersed data set. We use a copula to represent the dependence structure between the inter-claim arrival time and its subsequent claim amount. We then use the Laplace inversion via the Gaver-Stehfest algorithm to solve numerically the first and second moments, which takes the form of a Volterra integral equation (VIE). We compute the average and variance of the aggregate discounted claims under the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (

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Chalecki, M., and G. Jemielita. "Stability of a Micro-Heterogeneous Plate Band." Archives of Civil Engineering 61, no. 4 (2015): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0038.

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The paper presents a certain way which determines the critical buckling force for a micro-heterogeneous FGM plate band. A stiffness matrix of an individual cell of such band, different for various cells, has been determined. The obtained matrix can also be treated as a variable stiffness matrix of a “superelement” in the Finite Element Method. A computational algorithm for the critical force as well as the way of testing of its correctness has also been presented. The results obtained for various support conditions have been compared to the values known from the literature. The influence of th

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Wang, Hui, and Qinghua Qin. "Thermal Analysis of a Functionally Graded Coating/Substrate System Using the Approximated Transfer Approach." Coatings 9, no. 1 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9010051.

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As a heterogeneous material, functionally graded material (FGM) behaves as continuously changed material properties in certain directions from one composition to another, and hence it has received much more attention for biomedical applications and thermal protections to achieve innovative functions that conventional homogeneous material cannot accomplish. However, due to the particularly small thickness ratio of coating to substrate in practice, the conventional mesh discretization of the coating region is inefficient. To simplify the meshing procedure and increase the efficiency of analysis,

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Nguyen, Vanluat. "Dynamic Analysis of Shaft with Variable Mechanical Property under Dynamic Load by FEM Method." Materials Plus 2, no. 1 (2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37256/mp.2120232870.

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The paper introduces the dynamic responses of a circular shaft with variable mechanical properties under dynamic loads. The direct construction of finite element formulation for dynamic problems, which include stiffness matrix, and mass matrix for circular axis. The Functionally Graded Material (FGM) shaft with material properties is assumed to vary continuously in the longitudinal direction investigated. Building a numerical program for the problem based on Bernoulli beam theory, and Newmark numerical algorithm. The obtained numerical results have found the kinematic response of the shaft wit

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Zhang, Chengcheng, Xiaoyu Yang, Guoqiang Luo, Qiang Shen, and Jian Zhang. "Simultaneous determination of layer thicknesses in graded layer materials by ultrasonic non-destructive method." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 63, no. 4 (2021): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2021.63.4.229.

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Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are widely applied in aerospace, energy, biology and other fields. Simultaneous determination of the thicknesses of all the graded layers is of great importance in evaluating the quality of an FGM. A model is set up to characterise the ultrasonic waves reflected from an FGM composed of thin layers at normal incidence. The reflection spectrum is derived to simultaneously obtain the thicknesses of the various graded layers. To prove the feasibility of the proposed method, it is applied to measure the layer thicknesses of a prepared Al-Ti bi-layered material s

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Wu, Geng, Haiwei Fu, Peng Jiang, Rui Chi, and Rongjiang Cai. "Dynamic Fractional-Order Grey Prediction Model with GWO and MLP for Forecasting Overseas Talent Mobility in China." Fractal and Fractional 8, no. 4 (2024): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8040217.

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International students play a crucial role in China’s talent development strategy. Thus, predicting overseas talent mobility is essential for formulating scientifically reasonable talent introduction policies, optimizing talent cultivation systems, and fostering international talent cooperation. In this study, we proposed a novel fractional-order grey model based on the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm to forecast the movement of overseas talent, namely MGDFGM(1,1). Compared to the traditional grey model FGM(1,1), which utilizes the same fractional order at

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Cao, Zeng, Xu Liang, Yu Deng, Xing Zha, Ronghua Zhu, and Jianxing Leng. "Novel Semi-Analytical Solutions for the Transient Behaviors of Functionally Graded Material Plates in the Thermal Environment." Materials 12, no. 24 (2019): 4084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244084.

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The primary objective of this article is to present a semi-analytical algorithm for the transient behaviors of Functionally Graded Materials plates (FGM plates) considering both the influence of in-plane displacements and the influence of temperature changes. Based on the classical plate theory considering the effect of in-plane displacements, the equilibrium equations of the motion system are derived by Hamilton’s principle. Here, we propose a novel, accurate, and efficient semi-analytical method that incorporates the Fourier series expansion, the Laplace transforms, and its numerical inversi

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Li, Dewang, Chingfei Luo, and Meilan Qiu. "Optimal Weighted Markov Model and Markov Optimal Weighted Combination Model with Their Application in Hunan’s Gross Domestic Product." Mathematics 13, no. 3 (2025): 533. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13030533.

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In this paper, we mainly establish an optimal weighted Markov model to predict the GDP of Hunan Province from 2017 to 2023. The new model is composed of a fractional grey model and a quadratic function regression model weighted combination and is obtained through Markov correction. First, the optimal order r of the fractional grey model (FGM) is determined by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the FGM model is established. Second, a quadratic regression model is established based on the scatter plot of the data. Then, the optimal weighted Markov model (OWMKM) is obtaine

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Li, Yuhan, Shuya Wang, Wei Dai, and Liusan Wu. "Prediction of the Share of Solar Power in China Based on FGM (1,1) Model." Axioms 11, no. 11 (2022): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11110581.

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In recent years, fossil energy reserves have decreased year by year, and the development and use of renewable energy has attracted great attention of governments all over the world. China continues to promote the high-quality development of renewable energy such as solar power generation. Accurate prediction of the share of solar power in China is beneficial to implementing the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. According to the website of China’s National Bureau of statistics, the earliest annual data of China’s solar power generation is 2017, which leads to there being very f

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Van Dung, Dao, and Nguyen Thi Nga. "Thermomechanical postbuckling analysis of eccentrically stiffened FGM sandwich plates with general Sigmoid and power laws based on TSDT." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 20, no. 8 (2016): 907–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636216682545.

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The buckling and postbuckling behaviors of eccentrically stiffened sandwich plates on elastic foundations subjected to in-plane compressive loads, thermal loads, or thermomechanical loads are presented analytically by using the Reddy’s third-order shear deformation plate theory with von Karman geometrical nonlinearity. Four cases of general Sigmoid and power laws are considered. The material properties of the facesheets, the core layer, and stiffeners are assumed to be temperature-dependent. Theoretical formulations based on the smeared stiffeners technique and third-order shear deformation pl

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Ngueyep, Luc Leroy Mambou, Joseph Ndop, Elise Rose Atangana Nkene, and Jean-Marie Bienvenu Ndjaka. "Numerical and Analytical Calculations for Modeling and Designing Drilling Wicks or Rotary Cutters Based of Functionally Graded Materials." Journal of Engineering 2018 (November 1, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4728782.

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Drilling tools or drilling pipes, such as drill bit and mill drill, are often subjected to various forces, including essentially tangential forces, centered on their axis of rotation. The main objective of this work is to find analytical and numerical solutions of the distribution of stress field, deformation, and displacement, when such tools are subjected to such forces. It will be assumed that the instrument in the chosen model in this work is a rotating hollow cylinder constructed from a Functional Graded Material (FGM). Because of the graduation of the FGM, the mechanical and elastic prop

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Anh, Pham Hoang, and Tran Thuy Duong. "Weight optimisation of functionally graded beams using modified differential evolution." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 13, no. 2 (2019): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2019-13(2)-05.

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In this article, an efficient numerical approach for weight optimisation of functionally graded (FG) beams in the presence of frequency constraints is presented. For the analysis purpose, a finite element (FE) solution based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is established to analyse the free vibration behaviour of FG beams. A four-parameter power law distribution and a five-parameter trigonometric distribution are used to describe the volume fraction of material constituents in the thickness direction. The goal is to tailor the thickness and material distribution for minimisi

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Khayat, Majid, Abdolhossein Baghlani, and Mohammad Amir Najafgholipour. "A hybrid algorithm for modeling and studying of the effect of material and mechanical uncertainties on stability of sandwich FGM materials under thermal shock." Composite Structures 293 (August 2022): 115657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115657.

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