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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiber reinforced composites'
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1
Islam, Md Zahirul, Ali Amiri, and Chad A. Ulven. "Fatigue Behavior Comparison of Inter-Ply and Intra-Ply Hybrid Flax-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5070184.
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Hybridization of natural fiber with synthetic fiber to reinforce polymer matrix composites is an effective way of increasing fatigue strength of composites with substantial amount of bio-based content. Flax is the strongest type of bast natural fiber, possessing excellent mechanical and damping properties. Fatigue properties of flax fiber hybridized with synthetic carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites were studied. Fatigue properties of inter-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composite were compared to intra-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composites through tensile fatigue testing at 70% load of ultimate tensile strength and with a loading frequency of 3 Hz. For similar amount (by mass) of flax and carbon fiber, intra-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composite exhibited a very large increase (>2000%) in fatigue life compared to inter-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composites. Suitable hybridization can produce hybrid composites that are as strong as synthetic fiber composites while containing a high bio-based content of natural fibers.
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Mohan, TP, and K. Kanny. "Processing of high weight fraction banana fiber reinforced epoxy composites using pressure induced dip casting method." Journal of Composite Materials 55, no. 17 (January 20, 2021): 2301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320988044.
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The objective of this work is to realize new polymer composite material containing high amount of natural fibers as a bio-based reinforcement phase. Short banana fiber is chosen as a reinforcement material and epoxy polymer as a matrix material. About 77 wt.% of banana fibers were reinforced in the epoxy polymer matrix composite, using pressure induced fiber dipping method. Nanoclay particles were infused into the banana fibers to improve the fiber matrix interface properties. The nanoclay infused banana fiber were used to reinforce epoxy composite and its properties were compared with untreated banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite and banana fiber reinforced epoxy filled with nanoclay matrix composite. The surface characteristics of these composites were examined by electron microscope and the result shows well dispersed fibers in epoxy matrix. Thermal (thermogravimetry analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis), mechanical (tensile and fiber pullout) and water barrier properties of these composites were examined and the result showed that the nanoclay infused banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite shows better and improved properties. Improved surface finish composite was also obtained by this processing technique.
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Zaleha, M., M. Shahruddin, and I. Maizlinda Izwana. "A Review on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Natural Fiber Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.276.
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Research on the use of natural fibers as replacement to man-made fibre in fiber reinforced composites have received more interest and opened up further industrial possibilities. Natural fibre presents many advantages compared to synthetic fibers which make them attractive as reinforcements in composite material. They come from abundant and renewable resources, which ensures a continuous fibre supply and a significant material cost saving to the plastics, automotive and packaging industries. The paper reviews the previous and current research works published in the field of natural fiber reinforced composite material with special reference in mechanical properties of the natural fiber reinforced composite.
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K V, Ambareesh. "Moisture Absorption Studies of COIR and Sisal Short Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37928.
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Abstract: Easy availability of natural fibre, low cost and ease of manufacturing have urged the attention of researchers towards the possibility of reinforcement of natural fiber to improve their mechanical properties and study the extent to which they satisfy the required specifications of good reinforced polymer composite for industrial and structural applications. Polymer composites made of natural fiber is susceptible for moisture. Moisture absorption in such composites mainly because of hydrophilic nature of natural fibers. Water uptake of natural fiber reinforced composites has an effect on different. Lot of researchers prepared the natural fiber reinforced composites without conducting water absorption tests; hence it is the potential area to investigate the behavior of the composites with different moisture absorption. In this research the experimental sequence and the materials are used for the study of coir and Sisal short fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites. The coir and Sisal short fibers are made into the short fibers with 10 mm x 10 mm x 5 mm size. The Epoxy Resin-LY556(Di glycidyl ether of bi phenol) and Hardner-HYD951 (Tetra mine), the water absorption behaviors are analyzed in the coir and Sisal short fibers reinforced epoxy composites. The water absorption behaviors of the epoxy composites reinforced with the coir and sisal short fibers with 25, 30 and 35wt% were analyzed at three different water environments, such as sea water, distilled water, and tap water for 12 days at room temperature. It was observed that the composites show the high level of the water absorption percentage at sea water immersion as compared to the other water environments. Due to the water absorption, the mechanical properties of macro particle/epoxy composites were decreased at all weight percentages. Keywords: Natural fibre, Moisture absorption, Coir and sisal short fibre, Reinforced polymer composites, Water absorption behaviour Polymer matrix composite (Epoxy resin) using Coir and sisal short fibre and to study its moisture absorption behaviour
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Witayakran, Suteera, Wuttinant Kongtud, Jirachaya Boonyarit, Wirasak Smitthipong, and Rungsima Chollakup. "Development of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Bumper Beam in Automobile." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.779.
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This research aims to use oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers to reinforce epoxy resin for bumper beam in cars to replace epoxy/glass fiber composite. EFB fibers were extracted by two methods; chemical method by treating with 10-30% sodium hydroxide (% by weight of fiber) and mechanical method by steam explosion process at 12-20 kgf/cm2 for 5 mins. Then, the obtained fibers were bleached by hydrogen peroxide. The results show that the chemical method can eliminate lignin better than the other and provided stronger fibers. Increasing of alkaline concentration yielded the decrease of lignin content and increase of cellulose content, while no significant difference on fiber size and strength was observed. In steam explosion method, increasing of pressure vapor affected to more dark brown color and disintegrated fibers. Therefore, the optimal method for preparing EFB fibers for reinforcement of epoxy composite was chemical treatment using 30%NaOH, followed by bleaching. Then, the EFB fibers extracted by chemical method at 30%NaOH were used for reinforcing epoxy composite with fiber contents of 0-10%w/w and compared to epoxy/glass fiber composite. The results show that flexural modulus did not increase with increasing fiber content. However, the chemical treated fibers can support composite from falling apart after testing like glass fiber reinforced composite with fiber contents upper than 7.5%w/w. Impact strength and storage modulus of alkaline treated palm fiber reinforced composites increased when fiber content more than 7.5%w/w. Thermal properties of composite, analyzed by DSC and DMTA, shows that the Tg increased with fiber content. Flexural modulus and thermal properties of EFB reinforced epoxy composites provided similar results to glass fiber reinforced composites. Therefore, EFB fiber reinforced epoxy composite could be an alternative green material for bumper beam in automobile.
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Sahai, R. S. N., Deepankar Biswas, Manishkumar D. Yadav, Asit Samui, and Sachin Kamble. "Effect of alkali and silane treatment on water absorption and mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 28, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 641–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.56801/mme864.
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The present work deals with the effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of untreated, 10% alkali-treated, and 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated sisal fibers (5%, 10%, and 15%) reinforced polyester composites. Hand lay-up was used to create the composite. The samples were prepared in accordance with ASTM standards, and tests for tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and water absorption were performed. An increase in the tensile, flexural and impact strength was observed with an increase in fibre loading for untreated, alkali-treated and alkali plus silane treated sisal fibre reinforced polyester composites without water absorption, the increase being maximum for 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated fibre composite. Water absorption reduces tensile strength while increasing flexural and impact strength in untreated sisal fiber reinforced composites. There is an increase in tensile, flexural, and impact strength with higher fiber loading for 10% alkali-treated and 10% alkali-treated plus 1% silane treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites with and without water absorption. The tensile, flexural, and impact strength of alkali plus silane treated fiber is maximum at any given fiber loading, indicating that the alkali plus silane treatment is effective in improving the fiber matrix interface. Water absorption increases with fiber loading in untreated, 10% alkali-treated, and 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites, with the rate being lowest in alkali plus silane treated fiber reinforced composites.
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Tong, Yuan Jian, and Liang Hua Xu. "Hemp Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.521.
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Non-woven hemp fiber mat has been used to reinforce unsaturated polyester to make natural fiber composites. Thermal properties of the hemp fiber mat were investigated to discover the range of heat treatment temperatures suitable for the hemp fiber mat. Loss of weight during heat treatment and absorption of moisture from the environment during storage of the hemp fiber mat were also studied. Both hand lay-up technique and compression molding were used to make hemp mat composites. Due to the low fiber fraction, no significant reinforcing effect was found in the composite made by the hand lay-up technique. The effects of heat treatment of fibers, water content in the fibers, fiber fraction, and manufacture methods on tensile properties of the resulted composites were investigated. Hemp mat composites with tensile strength and modulus comparable to those of [±45°]4 glass fiber reinforced polyester were achieved by compression molding at a molding pressure of 2MPa.
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Raghu, M. J., and Govardhan Goud. "Tribological Properties of Calotropis Procera Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.45.
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Natural fibers are widely used for reinforcement in polymer composite materials and proved to be effectively replacing synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites to some extent in applications like domestic, automotive and lower end aerospace parts. The natural fiber reinforced composites are environment friendly, have high strength to weight ratio as well as specific strengths comparable with synthetic glass fiber reinforced composites. In the present work, hybrid epoxy composites were fabricated using calotropis procera and glass fibers as reinforcement by hand lay-up method. The fibre reinforcement in epoxy matrix was maintained at 20 wt%. In 20 wt% reinforcement of fibre, the content of calotropis procera and glass fibre were varied from 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. The dry sliding wear test as per ASTM G99 and three body abrasive wear test as per ASTM G65 were conducted to find the tribological properties by varying speed, load, distance and abrasive size. The hybrid composite having 5 wt% calotropis procera and 15 wt% glass fibre showed less wear loss in hybrid composites both in sliding wear test as well as in abrasive wear test which is comparable with 20 wt% glass fibre reinforced epoxy composite which marked very low wear loss. The SEM analysis was carried out to study the worn out surfaces of dry sliding wear test and three body abrasive wear test specimens.
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Deák, Tamás, and Tibor Czigány. "Investigation of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polyamide Composites." Materials Science Forum 589 (June 2008): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.589.7.
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Basalt fiber reinforced polyamide composites were investigated to determine their static and dynamic mechanical properties. The composites were compounded in an extruder and were injection molded. A glass fiber reinforced composite also was investigated. Two different basalt fibers were used with silane sizing and one of them was used also without sizing. The results show that composites with silane sized basalt fibers have properties similar to glass fiber reinforced composites, while unsized basalt fibers eventuate smaller strength and higher brittleness.
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Patel, Mr Ashish Kumar. "Mechanical Properties of Luffa Cylindrica and Coconut Coir Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38759.
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Abstract: In the current day scenario all the researchers and engineers are searching for a better and cheaper alternative for the current engineering materials. The project deals with the low cost, light weight and biodegradable composites and their use in the current industries. Substituting the legacy fiber reinforced composites with the low-cost natural plant- based fibers reinforced composites help us achieve comparative mechanical properties. India has a quite rich source of natural plant-based fibers which can be used for the production of natural fiber reinforced composites. In this project we used a combination of luffa fibers and coir fibers to produce an epoxy hybrid composite. The current project explores two different problems related to the natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite: 1) Study of mechanical properties of the hybrid thermosetting composite. 2) Study of possibilities of use of natural fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites in the different industries
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Begum, MHA, and NI Tanvir. "Fabrication and characterization of cane fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin composites." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 54, no. 3 (August 19, 2019): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v54i3.42677.
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Cane fiber of the generas Acoruscalamus, Daemonorops Draco, Daemonoropsmollis climbing palms of tropical Asia, belonging to the family palmae (palm family) and unsaturated polyester resin were used for the preparation of composites. Cane fiber was modified with 5%, 10%, 15% NaOH solution. Various physical and mechanical properties of the composite for different orientations of fiber were measured. The physical properties i.e. water absorption of treated fiber reinforced composites is lower. But the moisture content of cane fiber decreases with higher concentration of alkali solution used for treatment. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is higher for treated fiber reinforced composites than the raw fiber reinforced composites for any types of orientations of fibers and the tensile strain of treated fiber reinforced composites is lower than the raw fiber reinforced composites. The UTS value for treated cane fiber composites increases with increasing weight percentage of fiber than the raw fiber reinforced composite.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(3), 247-256, 2019
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Nirmal Kumar, K., P. Dinesh Babu, Raviteja Surakasi, P. Manoj Kumar, P. Ashokkumar, Rashid Khan, Adel Alfozan, and Dawit Tafesse Gebreyohannes. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Bamboo Fiber–Reinforced PLA Polymer Composites: A Critical Study." International Journal of Polymer Science 2022 (December 27, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1332157.
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In the past few years, a new passion for the growth of biodegradable polymers based on elements derived from natural sources has been getting much attention. Natural fiber-based polymer matrix composites offer weight loss, reduction in cost and carbon dioxide emission, and recyclability. In addition, natural fiber composites have a minimal impact on the environment in regards to global warming, health, and pollution. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the best natural resource polymers available among biodegradable polymers. Natural fiber–reinforced PLA polymer composites have been extensively researched by polymer researchers to compete with conventional polymers. The type of fiber used plays a massive part in fiber and matrix bonds and, thereby, influences the composite’s mechanical properties and thermal properties. Among the various natural fibers, low density, high strength bamboo fibers (BF) have attracted attention. PLA and bamboo fiber composites play a vital character in an extensive range of structural and non-structural applications. This review briefly discussed on currently developed PLA-based natural bamboo fiber–reinforced polymer composites concentrating on the property affiliation of fibers. PLA polymer–reinforced natural bamboo fiber used to establish composite materials, various composite fabrication methods, various pretreatment methods on fibers, their effect on mechanical properties, as well as thermal properties and applications on different fields of such composites are discussed in this study. This review also presents a summary of the issues in the fabrication of natural fiber composites.
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CHIHAI (PEȚU), Rodica, Claudia UNGUREANU, and Vasile BRIA. "Effect of the Fiber Orientation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites on Mechanical Properties." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 45, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.2.03.
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Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites possess excellent specific strength, specific stiffness and controlled anisotropy for which these are extensively used in various engineering applications, like automobile industries, aerospace industries, marine industries, space industries, electronics industries and many more. Glass fibers (GF), carbon fibers (CF) and aramid fibers (AF) are common reinforcements for polymer matrix composites (PMCs). High mechanical properties and wear resistance behaviour of glass fiber reinforced composites are the premises for the current experimental research on the effect of fiber orientation on the tensile strength of the polymeric composite materials. The glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite was prepared by wet lay-up method, followed by thermal treatment.
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Ikbal, Muhammad, Muhammad Rizal, Nurdin Ali, and Teuku Edisah Putra. "Effect of Hybridization of Ramie Fibers on the Vibrational and Damping Responses of Ramie/Glass/Epoxy Resin Composite Laminates." Key Engineering Materials 951 (August 7, 2023): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-vhk2we.
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Fiber reinforced polymer composites made with glass fibers are among the oldest and most popular kinds of composites in use today. Glass fiber reinforced composites' key benefits are their adaptability for specific material applications, which allows them to give a number of design advantages relating to strength, chemical stability, impact damage tolerance, heat insulation, and low cost. The focus of this research is to investigate the role of hybridized ramie fibers in the assessment of enhanced vibrational damping capabilities in fiber glass reinforced composites, as well as in the initial assessment to verify their acceptability for real-time applications. Composite molding employing the hand layup technique was used to fabricate hybrid epoxy composites with ramie to glass fiber weight ratios from 0 to 50%. A free vibration test was performed to determine the hybrid composite's vibration dampening capabilities as a function of the ramie fiber filler content. The results demonstrated that the damping ratio was reduced when the percentage of ramie fiber in the GFRP composite was raised from 10% weight to about 50% weight. But adding up to 40% wt of ramie fiber to the hybrid composite had the biggest effect on the damping ratio, natural frequency, storage modulus, and loss modulus. This means that using ramie fiber in hybrid composites will be cost-effective and good for the environment.
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Zhang, Chun Hua, Jin Bao Zhang, Mu Chao Qu, and Jian Nan Zhang. "Toughness Properties of Basalt/Carbon Fiber Hybrid Composites." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.732.
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Basalt fiber and carbon fiber hybrid with alternate stacking sequences reinforced epoxy composites have been developed to improve the toughness properties of conventional carbon fiber reinforced composite materials. For comparison, plain carbon fiber laminate composite and plain basalt fiber laminate composite have also been fabricated. The toughness properties of each laminate have been studied by an open hole compression test. The experimental results confirm that hybrid composites containing basalt fibers display 46% higher open hole compression strength than that of plain carbon fiber composites. It is indicated that the hybrid composite laminates are less sensitive to open hole compared with plain carbon fiber composite laminate and high toughness properties can be prepared by fibers' hybrid.
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Czigány, Tibor. "Basalt Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites." Materials Science Forum 473-474 (January 2005): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.473-474.59.
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Short fiber (basalt, carbon, ceramic, and glass) reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites were investigated to determine their mechanical properties in case of different reinforcing fiber types. The composites were reinforced with fibers and were produced by hot pressing after hot mixing techniques. Composite properties such as flexural strength, stiffness, static and dynamic fracture toughness were measured. It was realized that the main damage modes of the composites are fiber pullout and debonding. It was also found that basalt fibers are the most sensitive to the lack of the treatment with additives. These results were supported by scanning electron micrographs taken of the fracture surfaces.
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Sarath Chandra, D., Dr K.Vijaya Kumar Reddy, and Dr Omprakash Hebbal. "Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Glass and Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite’s Used for Marine Applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.20052.
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The composite materials are replacing the traditional materials, because of its superior properties such as high tensile strength, low thermal expansion, high strength to weight ratio. The developments of new materials are on the anvil and are growing day by day. Fiber composites such as Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) composites and Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Composites (CFRP) became more attractive due to their better properties for marine applications. In this paper, GFRP, CFRP and Hybrid composites are developed and their mechanical properties such as Hardness, tensile strength, compression strength, impact strength, toughness are evaluated. The study used to compare the effect volumetric fraction of fibers in order to improve strength and toughness, this done by using two types of fibers E-glass and carbon & two types of resins epoxy ( AralditeLY556 and Aradur HY951 ) and vinyl ester. In this experimental study, we found that high tensile strength, high specific strength, hardness and low density are obtained with carbon fibre reinforced composites, but high impact strength and toughness are obtained with glass fibre reinforced composites. Finally incorporate the result and try to find alternatives composites using for marine applications and obtain the best mechanical properties
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Çakıroğlu, Celal, and Gebrail Bekdaş. "Buckling analysis of natural fiber reinforced composites." Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics 7, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2021.02.001.
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In the recent years natural fiber reinforced composites are increasingly receiving attention from the researchers and engineers due to their mechanical properties comparable to the conventional synthetic fibers and due to their ease of preparation, low cost and density, eco-friendliness and bio-degradability. Natural fibers such as kenaf or flux are being considered as a viable replacement for glass, aramid or carbon. Extensive experimental studies have been carried out to determine the mechanical behavior of different natural fiber types such as the elastic modulus, tensile strength, flexural strength and the Poisson’s ratio. This paper presents a review of the various experimental studies in the field of fiber reinforced composites while summarizing the research outcome about the elastic properties of the major types of natural fiber reinforced composites. Furthermore, the performance of a kenaf reinforced composite plate is demonstrated using finite element analysis and results are compared to a glass fiber reinforced laminated composite plate.
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Zhiming, Yang, Liu Jinxu, Feng Xinya, Li Shukui, Xu Yuxin, and Ren Jie. "Investigation on mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites under different loading conditions." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 14 (September 28, 2017): 1907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317733807.
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Basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with different fiber contents (i.e. 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 30 wt% and 50 wt%) were prepared by hot-press sintering. Microstructure analysis indicates that basalt fibers are uniformly distributed in 10% basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite. The interfacial bonding between basalt fibers and aluminum matrix is good, and there is no interface reaction between basalt fiber and aluminum matrix. Quasi-static tensile, quasi-static compression and dynamic compression properties of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum composites were studied, and the influences of basalt fiber content on mechanical properties were discussed. Meanwhile, the failure mechanisms of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites with different fiber content were analyzed.
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Yang, Qiao-chu, Qin Zhang, Su-su Gong, and San-ya Li. "Study on the flexure performance of fine concrete sheets reinforced with textile and short fiber composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 275 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927502006.
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In order to study the influences of the contents of short fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete matrix, the properties of compressive, flexure and splitting of concrete matrix reinforced by alkali resistant glass fiber and calcium carbonate whisker were tested. To study the reinforced effect of different scale fibers on the flexure behavior of fine concrete sheets, the flexural tests of concrete sheet of fine concrete reinforced with basalt fiber mesh and short fiber composites were carried out. The results show that the properties of the compressive, flexure and splitting of fine concrete reinforced with appropriate amount of alkali resistant glass fiber and carbonate whisker are improved compared with that of concrete reinforced by one type of fiber. The flexure properties of the concrete sheets are improved obviously when continuous fiber textile and short fiber composite are adopted to reinforce.
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Abasi, Falak O., and Raghad U. Aabass. "Thermo-mechanical behavior of epoxy composite reinforced by carbon and Kevlar fiber." MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822501022.
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Newer manufacturing techniques were invented and introduced during the last few decades; some of them were increasingly popular due to their enhanced advantages and ease of manufacturing over the conventional processes. Polymer composite material such as glass, carbon and Kevlar fiber reinforced composite are popular in high performance and light weight applications such as aerospace and automobile fields. This research has been done by reinforcing the matrix (epoxy) resin with two kinds of the reinforcement fibers. One weight fractions were used (20%) wt., Epoxy reinforced with chopped carbon fiber and second reinforcement was epoxy reinforced with hybrid reinforcements Kevlar fiber and improved one was the three laminates Kevlar fiber and chopped carbon fibers reinforced epoxy resin. After preparation of composite materials some of the mechanical properties have been studied. Four different fiber loading, i.e., 0 wt. %, 20wt. % CCF, 20wt. % SKF, AND 20wt. %CCF + 20wt. % SKF were taken for evaluating the above said properties. The thermal and mechanical properties, i.e., hardness load, impact strength, flexural strength (bending load), and thermal conductivity are determined to represent the behaviour of composite structures with that of fibers loading. The results show that with the increase in fiber loading the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites increases as compared to short carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites except in case of hardness, short carbon fiber reinforced composites shows better results. Similarly, flexural strength test, Impact test, and Brinell hardness test the results show the flexural strength, impact strength of the hybrid composites values were increased with existence of Kevlar fibers, while the hardness was decrease. But the reinforcement with carbon fibers increases the hardness and decreases other tests.
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Prabakaran, E., D. Vasanth Kumar, A. Jaganathan, P. Ashok Kumar, and M. Veeerapathran. "Analysis on Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Concrete Composite for Industrial Flooring – A Review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2272, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2272/1/012026.
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Abstract Fiber composites are the having an good scope in construction industry as they are light in weight, durable, economic, and resistant to temperatures. Many researchers concentrate on the composites for the industrial flooring with the fibers. The main objective of this paper is to review the fiber reinforced epoxy for industrial flooring. Epoxy can be used as flooring elements in industries as they deliver good performance. Since, natural and synthetic fibres can be used with filler matrices, which are very much cheaper than the conventional steel fibres reinforced composite concrete flooring and other type of composites here fibre is considered for reinforcing with epoxy or polymer concrete filler matrix. Fibre-polymer and fibre-concrete composite properties has been reviewed for testing procedure for flexural test, bending test, tensile test and based on the results, it is clear that the fibre-polymer concrete composite, which has good mechanical properties and performance than the mentioned composites, can be made for industrial flooring
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Sulardjaka, Sulardjaka, Norman Iskandar, Parlindungan Manik, and Dwi Satrio Nurseto. "The effect of alkalization and esterification treatment on mechanical properties of water hyacinth fiber reinforced epoxy-resin composite." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 12 (121) (February 24, 2023): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.274064.
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This research investigates the effect of fiber pre-treatment on the mechanical and physical properties of unidirectional water hyacinth (WH) fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites. The water hyacinth fibers have been produced by mechanical processing. The 50–70 cm length of WH stems are brushed with an iron brush to mechanically extract the strands. The dry fibers then were pre-treated by alkalization and esterification. The alkalization ha ve been conducted by immersing the WH fibers on 2 %, 5 % and 10 % NaOH solution for 24 h. The esterification of WH fibers have been done using acetate anhydride. The composite with 15 %, 25 % and 35 % of unidirectional WH fibers was made by hand lay-up. After hand lay up process the WH composites then compacting with pressure compaction 5 MPa. Tensile test and was done based on ASTM D3039. The density of composites was tested based on Archimedes rule. Surface contaminants have been eliminated by fiber treatment. The NaOH treatment eliminated the surface's wax and cuticle. The surface of fibers treated with 10 % NaOH was cleaner than those treated with 5 % NaOH. Fiber treatment has the effect of reducing fiber thickness.The tensile test results of the composite reinforced with WH fiber with NaOH treated and acetate anhydride show that the tensile strength of untreated WH fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites increased with the increase of % WH fiber. The tensile strength results that acetate anhydride treatment of WH fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites showed increased WH fiber increase the tensile strength of composite. The highest tensile strength of epoxy resin reinforced with WH fiber with acetate anhydride treatment
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Shahzad, Asim, and Sana Ullah Nasir. "Validation of fatigue damage model for composites made of various fiber types and configurations." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 9 (July 31, 2017): 1183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317722402.
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Empirical model for predicting fatigue damage behavior of composite materials developed recently has been applied to composite materials made of different fibers in various configurations: carbon and glass fiber noncrimp fabric reinforced epoxy composites, chopped strand mat glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites, randomly oriented nonwoven hemp fiber-reinforced polyester composites, and glass/hemp fiber-reinforced polyester hybrid composites. The fatigue properties were evaluated in tension–tension mode at stress ratio R = 0.1 and frequency of 1 Hz. The experimental fatigue data were used to determine the material parameters required for the model. It has been found that the model accurately predicts the degradation of fatigue life of composites with an increase in number of fatigue cycles. The scope of applicability of this model has thus been broadened by using the fatigue data of natural fiber and noncrimp fabric composites.
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Mahfuza Farzana, Kazi M Maraz, Shamsun N Sonali, Md. Mukul Hossain, Md. Zahangir Alom, and Ruhul A Khan. "Properties and application of jute fiber reinforced polymer-based composites." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 084–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.11.1.0095.
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Natural fiber composite is the novel materials in recent decades having a high strength to weight ratio and light in weight are widely used for structural and unstructured applications. Jute fiber is one of the most common biodegradable natural fibers which successfully replaced the synthetic fibers composite and also replaced glass fiber where the high strength is not obliged. Jute is grown in tropical countries and is one of the strongest bast fibers with low cost. Jute fiber composite has several attractive advantages over synthetic and glass fiber like as low processing cost, low density, stiffness and excellent mechanical properties. This advantage makes the jute a very attractive reinforced fiber for composites and increased attention in construction, automotive, aerospace and many others. This paper presented an overview on different jute fiber reinforced based polymer composites with mechanical characterization and their applications. The jute composites involving various thermoset, thermoplastics polymers, bio-based resins, jute hybrid composites and their mechanical properties are elucidated.
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Suriani, M. J., R. A. Ilyas, M. Y. M. Zuhri, A. Khalina, M. T. H. Sultan, S. M. Sapuan, C. M. Ruzaidi, et al. "Critical Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites: Processing, Properties, Applications and Cost." Polymers 13, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 3514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13203514.
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Increasing scientific interest has occurred concerning the utilization of natural fiber-enhanced hybrid composites that incorporate one or more types of natural enhancement. Annual natural fiber production is estimated to be 1,783,965 × 103 tons/year. Extensive studies have been conducted in the domains of natural/synthetic as well as natural/natural hybrid composites. As synthetic fibers have better rigidity and strength than natural fibers, natural/synthetic hybrid composites have superior qualities via hybridization compared to natural composites in fibers. In general, natural fiber compounds have lower characteristics, limiting the use of natural composites reinforced by fiber. Significant effort was spent in enhancing the mechanical characteristics of this group of materials to increase their strengths and applications, especially via the hybridization process, by manipulating the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composite materials. Current studies concentrate on enhancing the understanding of natural fiber-matrix adhesion, enhancing processing methods, and natural fiber compatibility. The optimal and resilient conceptions have also been addressed due to the inherently more significant variabilities. Moreover, much research has tackled natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite costs. In addition, this review article aims to offer a review of the variables that lead to the mechanical and structural failure of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, as well as an overview of the details and costings of the composites.
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Yan, Zhi-guo, Yao Zhang, J. Woody Ju, Qing Chen, and He-hua Zhu. "An equivalent elastoplastic damage model based on micromechanics for hybrid fiber-reinforced composites under uniaxial tension." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 28, no. 1 (December 13, 2017): 79–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789517744425.
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A micromechanics-based equivalent elastoplastic damage model for both notch-sensitive and multiple cracking hybrid fiber reinforced composite is proposed in this study. In this model, the elastic modulus, first cracking strength, and ultimate strength are estimated based on micromechanics. To quantify strain after matrix cracks, a novel characteristic length is defined based on the damage mechanics. The effects of the fiber length, diameter and modulus, and interfacial bond stress on the characteristic length of hybrid fiber reinforced composite are presented. In order to avoid the difficulty of determining the traditional damage and plastic potential function, this model is developed from the behavior of single fiber at mesolevel to the response of hybrid fiber reinforced composite at macrolevel. Then the calculated results are verified with several published experimental results of fiber reinforced composites and hybrid fiber reinforced composite, including notch-sensitive cracking fiber reinforced composite, multiple cracking fiber reinforced composite, and multiple cracking hybrid fiber reinforced composite reinforced with two types of fibers (steel fiber and polyethylene fiber). A parametric study has been performed to investigate the effects of the fiber properties, including the fiber volume fraction, length, diameter, and interfacial bond stress, on the tensile performance of hybrid fiber reinforced composite reinforced with steel fiber-like and polyethylene fiber-like fibers. The results indicate that enhancement of the tensile performance can be achieved more effectively by improving the polyethylene fiber-like fiber than steel fiber-like fiber.
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Ucpinar, Bedriye, and Ayse Aytac. "Influence of different surface-coated carbon fibers on the properties of the poly(phenylene sulfide) composites." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 8 (August 23, 2018): 1123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318796159.
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This paper aims to study the effect of different surface coatings of carbon fiber on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of carbon fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) composites. To this end, unsized and different surface-coated carbon fibers were used. Prepared poly(phenylene sulfide)/carbon fiber composites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, tensile test, dynamic mechanical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Tensile strength values of the surfaced-coated carbon fibers reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) composites are higher than the unsized carbon fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) composite. The highest tensile strength and modulus values were observed for the polyurethane-coated carbon fiber reinforcement. Dynamic mechanical analysis studies indicated that polyurethane-coated carbon fiber reinforced composite exhibited higher storage modulus and better adhesion than the others. Differential scanning calorimetry results show that melting and glass transition temperature of the composites did not change significantly. Scanning electron microscopic studies showed that polyurethane and epoxy-coated carbon fibers exhibited better adhesion with poly(phenylene sulfide).
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Bansal, Narottam P., and Jeffrey I. Eldridge. "Hi-Nicalon fiber-reinforced celsian matrix composites: Influence of interface modification." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 6 (June 1998): 1530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0213.
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Unidirectional celsian matrix composites having 42–45 vol% of uncoated or BN-SiC coated Hi-Nicalon fibers were tested in three-point bend at room temperature. The uncoated fiber-reinforced composites showed catastrophic failure with strength of 210 ± 35 MPa and a flat fracture surface. In contrast, composites reinforced with coated fibers exhibited graceful failure with extensive fiber pullout. Values of first matrix cracking stress and strain were 435 ± 35 MPa and 0.27 ± 0.01%, respectively, with ultimate strength as high as 960 MPa. The elastic Young modulus of the uncoated and coated fiber-reinforced composites were 184 ± 4 GPa and 165 ± 5 GPa, respectively. Fiber push-through tests and microscopic examination indicated no chemical reaction at the uncoated or coated fiber-matrix interface. The low strength of composite with uncoated fibers is due to degradation of the fiber strength from mechanical damage during processing. Because both the coated- and uncoated-fiber-reinforced composites exhibited weak interfaces, the beneficial effect of the BN-SiC dual layer is primarily the protection of fibers from mechanical damage during processing.
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Megahed, M., Soliman S. Ali-Eldin, Sara M. Abd El Moezz, and WS Abdalla. "Synthesis of developed rice straw sheets and glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 23 (March 30, 2020): 3381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320915641.
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In this study, a sheet of random rice straw fiber was developed. These rice straw sheets were used to reinforce polyester matrix. Synthesis of rice straw sheets and glass fibers as synthetic fibers-reinforced polyester composites were investigated. Several new stacking sequences were fabricated with random glass fiber mats with different areal densities (225 g/m2, 300 g/m2, and 450 g/m2) and rice straw sheets. The specific mechanical properties of these natural/synthetic fiber composites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the fracture surfaces of the fabricated hybrid composites. Experimental results showed that specific tensile and flexural stiffness of rice straw fiber composite is better those obtained with glass fiber composites. The hybrid natural/synthesis composites with alternating glass fiber mat with areal densities 300 g/m2, and rice straw shows higher specific tensile strength than rice straw and other hybrid composites. Hybrid composites with high areal density on the outer surfaces yield a significant increase in flexural-specific strength and hardness as compared to other fabricated composites.
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Subramaniam, Balasubramani, Manickavasagam V. M, Paul Theophilus Rajakumar I, P. Anantha Christu Raj, Bharath V. G, J. Madhusudhanan, Amit Kumar Sharma, Pravin Patil, and Gizachew Balcha Assefa. "Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Sansevieria cylindrica Fiber/Polyester Composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2180614.
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Natural fiber-reinforced composites are the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to industrial applications. Composite materials reinforced with Sansevieria cylindrica (SC) fibers were developed in this research work. These fibers were chosen for their outstanding mechanical qualities. Compression moulding was used to create composite materials. Each leaf on a Sansevieria cylindrica plant is 20 to 30 mm thick, with a height of 1000 to 2000 mm. The Sansevieria cylindrica (SC) fibers were used as chemically treated fibers and untreated fibers to produce the composites. The tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength of various fiber weight% of composites (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were calculated. From the tested results, the maximum tensile strength achieved in 40 wt% of treated SC fiber composites is 85.7 MPa. The maximum hardness is found in 40 wt% of composites in both treated and untreated fiber composites. The 40 wt% of composites gives a better impact energy of 9.4 J/cm2.The SC fiber polyester composites have superior interfacial bonding and give maximal strength in treated SC fiber composites. The fiber treatment delivers greater strength than the untreated fiber, according to this study. The treated SC fibers have better strength and good bonding between the fiber and matrix to produce the composite materials.
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Uğraşkan, Volkan, Abdullah Toraman, and A. Binnaz Hazar Yoruç. "Natural Fiber Reinforced Synthetic Polymer Composites." Diffusion Foundations 23 (August 2019): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.23.6.
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In early composite materials, the use of petroleum based fibers such as glass and carbon fibers, aramid etc. was common. In order to reduce the dependency on petroleum based sources and environmental pollution, researchers have focused on the search for alternative sources. Natural fibers are abundant, recyclable and biodegradable plant derived materials. Besides, thanks to good physical, thermal and mechanical properties, natural fibers become promising alternative for composites. This review includes information about natural fiber reinforced composites’ components, manufacturing methods, mechanical properties and applications.
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M.P., Jenarthanan, Karthikeyan Marappan, and Giridharan R. "Evaluation of mechanical properties of e-glass and aloe vera fiber reinforced with polyester and epoxy resin matrices." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-03-2018-0027.
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Purpose The need for seeking alternate materials with increased performance in the field of composites revived this research, to prepare and evaluate the mechanical properties of e-glass and aloe vera fiber-reinforced with polyester and epoxy resin matrices. Design/methodology/approach The composites are prepared by hand layup method using E-glass and aloe vera fibers with length 5-6 mm. The resin used in the preparation of composites was epoxy and polyester. Fiber-reinforced composites were synthesized at 18:82 fiber–resin weight percentages. Samples prepared were tested to evaluate its mechanical and physical properties, such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Findings SEM analysis revealed the morphological features. E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite exhibited better mechanical properties than other composite samples. The cross-linking density of monomers of the epoxy resin and addition of the short chopped E-glass fibers enhanced the properties of E-glass epoxy fiber-reinforced composite. Originality/value This research work enlists the properties of e-glass and aloe vera fiber-reinforced with polyester and epoxy resin matrices which has not been attempted so far.
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Alonso-Montemayor, Francisco J., Quim Tarrés, Helena Oliver-Ortega, F. Xavier Espinach, Rosa Idalia Narro-Céspedes, Adali O. Castañeda-Facio, and Marc Delgado-Aguilar. "Enhancing the Mechanical Performance of Bleached Hemp Fibers Reinforced Polyamide 6 Composites: A Competitive Alternative to Commodity Composites." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 2, 2020): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051041.
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Automotive and industrial design companies have profusely used commodity materials like glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene. These materials show advantageous ratios between cost and mechanical properties, but poor environmental yields. Natural fibers have been tested as replacements of glass fibers, obtaining noticeable tensile strengths, but being unable to reach the strength of glass fiber-reinforced composites. In this paper, polyamide 6 is proposed as a matrix for cellulosic fiber-based composites. A variety of fibers were tensile tested, in order to evaluate the creation of a strong interphase. The results show that, with a bleached hardwood fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composite, it is possible to obtain tensile strengths higher than glass-fiber-reinforced polyolefin. The obtained composites show the existence of a strong interphase, allowing us to take advantage of the strengthening capabilities of such cellulosic reinforcements. These materials show advantageous mechanical properties, while being recyclable and partially renewable.
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Zheng, Yan Jun, Li Shan Cui, and Jan Schrooten. "Effects of Additional Reinforcing Fibers on the Interface Quality of SMA Wire/Epoxy Composites." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 2047–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2047.
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There are only limited ways to improve the interface bond strength of SMA wire reinforced composites. In this paper, the effect of the additional reinforcing fibers on the interface debond temperature of a TiNiCu wire reinforced epoxy matrix composite was studied. It was shown that the Kevlar fiber composite had a better interface between the TiNiCu wire and the epoxy matrix than that in the glass fiber composite. The negative thermal expansion coefficient of the Kevlar fibers were thought to be beneficial for relieving the thermal stresses at the SMA/epoxy interface. From this angle of view, the Kevlar fiber composites are better candidates as the matrix of the SMA composites than the glass fiber composites.
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Rajak, Dipen, Durgesh Pagar, Pradeep Menezes, and Emanoil Linul. "Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications." Polymers 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2019): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101667.
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Composites have been found to be the most promising and discerning material available in this century. Presently, composites reinforced with fibers of synthetic or natural materials are gaining more importance as demands for lightweight materials with high strength for specific applications are growing in the market. Fiber-reinforced polymer composite offers not only high strength to weight ratio, but also reveals exceptional properties such as high durability; stiffness; damping property; flexural strength; and resistance to corrosion, wear, impact, and fire. These wide ranges of diverse features have led composite materials to find applications in mechanical, construction, aerospace, automobile, biomedical, marine, and many other manufacturing industries. Performance of composite materials predominantly depends on their constituent elements and manufacturing techniques, therefore, functional properties of various fibers available worldwide, their classifications, and the manufacturing techniques used to fabricate the composite materials need to be studied in order to figure out the optimized characteristic of the material for the desired application. An overview of a diverse range of fibers, their properties, functionality, classification, and various fiber composite manufacturing techniques is presented to discover the optimized fiber-reinforced composite material for significant applications. Their exceptional performance in the numerous fields of applications have made fiber-reinforced composite materials a promising alternative over solitary metals or alloys.
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Guo, Li Ping, and Dong Yi Lei. "Effect of Fiber Type and Fiber Hybrids on Strain-Hardening and Multiple Cracking Properties of the Ultra-High Performance Cementitious Composites under Uniaxial Loads." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.187.
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Five series of strain hardening ultra-high performance cementitious composites (SHUHPCC) incorporated with different types of fibers and hybrid fibers were produced. Three types of fibers (steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyethylene fiber) were used as mono or hybrid reinforcement in SHUHPCC with the same volume fraction of 2%. The primary strengths, strain hardening and multiple cracking behaviors of hybrid fiber reinforced SHUHPCC under the uniaxial tensile are investigated. Test results show that the SHUHPCC containing PE fibers exhibited higher strain hardening capacity and lower first cracking strength than composites reinforced with mono PVA fiber or mono steel fiber. The composites containing PVA fibers or steel fibers have higher tensile strength and first cracking strength than the composite reinforced by mono PE fiber. Hybridization reinforcement with different fibers is able to make up defects of mono fiber reinforcement for SHUHPCC. The change laws of tensile strength and uniaxial compression strength of SHUHPCC with mono PE fiber and mono PVA fiber are opposite to each other.
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Obi LE and Uwanugo R-G Uchejiora. "Investigation of moisture absorption rate and diffusivity of plant fibre-reinforced composites." International Journal of Engineering Research Updates 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijeru.2021.1.2.0047.
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This research investigated the moisture absorption rate and diffusivity of plant Fibers-reinforced-composites; using bamboo fiber, raffia and coconut fibers through laboratory experimental investigations. The major limitation of using natural fibers in durable composite applications are their high moisture absorption and poor dimensional stability (swelling); and this swelling of fibers causes micro-cracking and degradation of the composites. In this investigation, the fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) chemical and acetylation to decrease the hydroxyl group in the fibers. Experimental results reveal that the moisture absorption and degree of swelling of the treated bamboo raffia and coconut fiber composites are 25 - 35% lower than those of composites produced with untreated bamboo, raffia and coconut fibers. Experimental results also show that strong intermolecular fiber-matrix bonding decreases the rate of moisture absorption in bio-composites. The diffusivity of the bamboo, raffia and coconut fibers-reinforced-composites for 24hrs at 1000C were experimentally measured to be 4.91, 3.33, and 3.94 mm2/sec respectively. The results showed that when these fiber plant materials are treated with sodium hydroxide (NaON) the diffusivity rate of the fiber reinforced composite material is brought under considerable control and its dimensional stability immensely enhanced though improved strong intermolecular fiber-matrix bonding and the reduction of swelling.
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Hu, Can, Yueyun Zhou, Ting Zhang, Taijun Jiang, and Guangsheng Zeng. "Effect of fiber modified by alkali/polyvinyl alcohol coating treatment on properties of sisal fiber plastic composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 39, no. 23-24 (June 28, 2020): 880–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684420934866.
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Demand for natural fibers reinforced composites is growing as an alternative to synthetic fiber reinforced plastic composites. However, poor compatibility between natural fiber and matrix has limited its development. Therefore, it is necessary to improve their interfacial adhesion to improve the comprehensive properties of composites. In this work, sisal fibers were subjected to an alkali/polyvinyl alcohol coating treatment by an ultrasonic impregnation method, and the sisal/high-density polyethylene composite was prepared by a twin-screw extruder. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the modification effect of sisal fiber. The surface morphology of sisal fiber and the interfacial morphology of sisal/high-density polyethylene composites were observed. The mechanical properties and water absorption of sisal/ high-density polyethylene composites were also studied. The results show that alkali/polyvinyl alcohol coating compound treatment can effectively improve the interfacial adhesion between sisal fiber and high-density polyethylene, improve the mechanical properties of composite, and reduce water absorption. Alkali/polyvinyl alcohol coating compound treatment is a very environment-friendly, cost-effective fiber modification method when compared with traditional modification methods. It is helpful for the development and application of natural fibers reinforced composites.
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Wibowo, M. Ihsan Tri. "The Effect of Fumigation and Alkalization on Dimensional Changes of Cantula Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites Under Immersion." Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika 21, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/mekanika.v21i1.49463.
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This study aims to investigate effect of fumigation and alkaline treatment on dimensional change in cantula fibers reinforced UPRs composite under immersion test in aqueous environment. Composites were fabricated using compression moulding method with cantula fiber content of 30% vt with the addition of 5% microcrystalline cellulose. Composite specimens were immersed under aquades for 2 months at room temperature. The dimensional changes of cantula fiber reinforced UPRs in different solutions were found to follow a Fickian behavior. Fumigation treated fibers and alkali treated fiber composites after immersion has lower results both in dimensional changes and its slope than untreated fiber composites.
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Hernández-Díaz, David, Ricardo Villar-Ribera, Francesc X. Espinach, Fernando Julián, Vicente Hernández-Abad, and Marc Delgado-Aguilar. "Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites." Materials 13, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051079.
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Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites can be an alternative to mineral fiber-based composites, especially when economic and environment concerns are included under the material selection criteria. In recent years, the literature has shown how lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced composites can be used for a variety of applications. Nonetheless, the impact strength and the water uptake behavior of such materials have been seen as drawbacks. In this work, the impact strength and the water uptake of composites made of polypropylene reinforced with fibers from recycled newspaper have been researched. The results show how the impact strength decreases with the percentage of reinforcement in a similar manner to that of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites as a result of adding a fragile phase to the material. It was found that the water uptake increased with the increasing percentages of lignocellulosic fibers due to the hydrophilic nature of such reinforcements. The diffusion behavior was found to be Fickian. A maleic anhydride was added as a coupling agent in order to increase the strength of the interface between the matrix and the reinforcements. It was found that the presence of such a coupling agent increased the impact strength of the composites and decreased the water uptake. Impact strengths of 21.3 kJ/m3 were obtained for a coupled composite with 30 wt % reinforcement contents, which is a value higher than that obtained for glass fiber-based materials. The obtained composites reinforced with recycled fibers showed competitive impact strength and water uptake behaviors in comparison with materials reinforced with raw lignocellulosic fibers. The article increases the knowledge on newspaper fiber-reinforced polyolefin composite properties, showing the competitiveness of waste-based materials.
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Panda, Shivkumari, Dibakar Behera, and Prasant Rath. "Effect of Fiber Orientation and Modification on the Behavior of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced UPE/ESOA Hybrid Composite." Diffusion Foundations 23 (August 2019): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.23.40.
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In this chapter, bamboo fiber with parallel and anti parallel orientation has been introduced in the Unsaturated polyester (UPE)/ Epoxidized Soybean Oil Acrylate (ESOA) blend. The reinforced fiber mats were treated with NaOH and NaOH-silane to improve the stiffness and strength of the composites. Parallelly oriented fiber reinforced composite showed improved glass transition temperature. The mechanical, thermal, storage modulus and tribological properties are highly improved for parallel fiber oriented composite. Also alkali-silane treated fiber reinforced composite show optimum properties than alkali treated and raw fiber based composites. Anti parallelly oriented composites show reduced performance due to pull out of fibers. The FTIR analysis of all the composites was observed for the first time with valid reaction mechanism. So this new partially biodegradable composite can open a new door for potential application in various fields. This composite may be used as an alternating material to wood for various indoor and outdoor applications.
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Samal, Sneha, Marcela Kolinova, Hubert Rahier, Giovanni Dal Poggetto, and Ignazio Blanco. "Investigation of the Internal Structure of Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Composite under Mechanical Impact: A Micro Computed Tomography (µCT) Study." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030516.
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The internal structure of fiber reinforced geopolymer composite was investigated by microfocus X-ray computed tomography (µCT) under mechanical impact. µCT is a non-destructive, multi approach technique for assessing the internal structures of the impacted composites without compromising their integrity. The three dimensional (3D) representation was used to assess the impact damage of geopolymer composites reinforced with carbon, E-glass, and basalt fibers. The 3D representations of the damaged area with the visualization of the fiber rupture slices are presented in this article. The fiber pulls out, and rupture and matrix damage, which could clearly be observed, was studied on the impacted composites by examining slices of the damaged area from the center of the damage towards the edge of the composite. Quantitative analysis of the damaged area revealed that carbon fabric reinforced composites were much less affected by the impact than the E-glass and basalt reinforced composites. The penetration was clearly observed for the basalt based composites, confirming µCT as a useful technique for examining the different failure mechanisms for geopolymer composites. The durability of the carbon fiber reinforced composite showed better residual strength in comparison with the E-glass fiber one.
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Kumar, Balakrishnan Rajesh, Masilamany Santha Alphin, Vajjiram Santhanam, and Vimalanathan Palanikumar. "Mechanical, Vibration and Visco-elastic Behavior of Abelmoschus Esculentus Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite." Materiale Plastice 59, no. 4 (January 1, 2001): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.22.4.5626.
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Nowadays, research is focused on using bio-degradable natural fibre-based composites for secondary structural members. The present study aims to investigate the effect of fiber loading and surface treatment on the mechanical, vibrational, and viscoelastic properties of short, randomly oriented Abelmoschus Esculentus fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The composite was fabricated by reinforcing various weight percentages of Abelmoschus Esculentus in epoxy resin by hand lay-up method and tested for tensile, flexural, and impact tests as per ASTM standards. Further, the fibres are treated with alkali to evaluate their effect on the mechanical properties of composites. The analysis indicated that fiber loading had a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the composite, with the maximum tensile strength of 27.8 MPa being obtained at a fiber loading of 20 volume %. The surface treatment of the fiber with 2% NaOH solution increased the tensile strength by 34%. All composite specimens were subjected to vibration analysis. The results showed that composite reinforced with 20% fibre loading provided superior mechanical and damping qualities. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis revealed that the Storage Modulus (E�) improved with the addition of Abelmoschus Esculentus fiiber.
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Patel, Raj Vardhan, Anshul Yadav, and Jerzy Winczek. "Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Construction and Automotive Applications." Applied Sciences 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2023): 5126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13085126.
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Industrialization and population growth have significantly increased the demand for lightweight, high-strength materials for construction and automotive applications, ultimately increasing the demand for eco-friendly materials. Due to its environmental acceptability, technological feasibility, and economic viability, natural fiber-reinforced composite exhibits many potential engineering applications. However, the production and recycling of natural fibers are expensive. Researchers are now comparing natural fiber-reinforced composites with synthetic composites to determine the best materials, especially for construction and automotive engineering applications. This review paper focuses on natural fiber reinforced epoxy composites’ physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. These properties are critical for the effective design and use of composite materials such as construction and automotive applications. This review begins with a background of epoxy and natural fibers. The physical and chemical treatment for natural fiber composites to improve their properties is also briefly discussed, along with the critical factors affecting the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites. Finally, concluding remarks and suggestions for future works are given.
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Ramesh, M., K. Palanikumar, and K. Hemachandra Reddy. "Impact Behaviour Analysis of Sisal/Jute and Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.266.
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The fibers from naturally available resources are considered to have potential alternate reinforcing agent in polymer matrix composite materials due to their properties such as high strength, stiffness, degradable in nature and renewable in nature. In this study a lightweight, low cost and environment friendly hybrid composites are prepared by using sisal-jute-glass fibers as the reinforcement materials. There are three types of composites such as sisal/glass fiber reinforced polymer (SGFRP) composites, jute/glass fiber reinforced polymer (JGFRP) composites and sisal/jute/glass fiber reinforced polymer (SJGFRP) composites are prepared by hand lay-up process and underwent to charpy impact test in order to study their impact properties. Post impact induced damage, material failure mechanism, matrix cracking, fiber breakage and pullout was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results showed that the energy absorption and load carrying capacity of JGFRP composites are better and able to withstand higher loads than SGFRP composites and SJGFRP composites. It is further observed from the experiment, the inclusion of sisal and jute fibers with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites has gained good impact properties. It is suggested that these light weight sisal and jute fibers have been used as an alternative reinforcing material to synthetic fiber for medium load applications.
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Zhang, Qiang, Henry Hu, and Jason Lo. "Solidification of Discontinuous Al2O3 Fiber Reinforced Magnesium (AM60) Matrix Composite." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.277.
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Magnesium matrix composites have great potential for aerospace and automotive applications due to its low density and superior specific stiffness. The magnesium composites can often be reinforced by either particles or/and fibers. There were certain studies on solidification behaviors of particle-reinforced magnesium composites in the past. However, development of grain structure during the solidification of fibre-reinforced magnesium is barely investigated. In this work, an Al2O3 fiber reinforced magnesium (AM60) matrix composite (AM60/Al2O3,f) was cast. The solidification behavior of the cast AM60/Al2O3,f composite was investigated by computer-based thermal analysis. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to examine the occurrence of nucleation and grain refinement involved in solidification of the composite. The results show that the addition of Al2O3 fibers leads to the formation of fine grain structure in the matrix of the AM60/Al2O3,f composite. The refinement of grain structure should be primarily attributed to the restriction of grain growth by the limited cellular space formed in the skeleton of the fiber preform structure instead of the nucleation of primary -Mg phase directly on Al2O3 fibers.
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Dannemann, Martin, Sebastian Siwek, Niels Modler, André Wagenführ, and Johannes Tietze. "Damping Behavior of Thermoplastic Organic Sheets with Continuous Natural Fiber-Reinforcement." Vibration 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vibration4020031.
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In the field of lightweight construction, the use of natural fibers as reinforcement in composites has been increasingly discussed. Additionally, the damping properties of natural fibers are known from fiber materials such as fiber insulation boards. In the scope of the work presented here, the focus is on identifying the potential of natural fibers for lightweight structures with high vibration damping capacity. For this purpose, test specimens made of flax fiber-reinforced and glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites were manufactured and characterized. Contrary to expectations, the flax fiber-reinforced composite exhibited an almost isotropic damping characteristic. A comparison of the damping and stiffness properties determined by measurement confirms the high potential of natural fiber-reinforced materials for lightweight structures with high damping.
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Khan, Mohammad ZR, Sunil K. Srivastava, and MK Gupta. "Tensile and flexural properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites: A review." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37, no. 24 (September 19, 2018): 1435–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418799528.
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In recent years, researchers and scientists are facing problems in terms of environmental imbalance and global warming owing to numerous use of composite materials prepared by synthetic fibers and petrochemical polymers. Hence, an increasing attention has been devoted to the research and development of polymer composites reinforced with the natural fibers. The natural fibers are the most suitable alternative of synthetic fibers due to their biodegradability, eco-friendliness and acceptable mechanical properties. The natural fibers are attracting the researchers and scientists to exploit their properties by amalgamating them with the polymer. The properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites mainly depend upon various factors such as properties of fibers and matrices, fiber loading percentage, size and orientation of fibers, stacking sequences, degree of interfacial bonding, fiber surface treatments, hybridization and incorporation of additives and coupling agents. Tensile and flexural tests are the most important investigations to predict the applications of the materials. A good number of research has been carried out on tensile and flexural properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. In this paper, a review on tensile and flexural properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in terms of effects of fiber weight fraction, geometry, surface treatments, orientations and hybridization is presented. Moreover, recent applications of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites are also presented in this study.
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Sapiai, Napisah, Aidah Jumahat, Mohammad Jawaid, Mohamad Midani, and Anish Khan. "Tensile and Flexural Properties of Silica Nanoparticles Modified Unidirectional Kenaf and Hybrid Glass/Kenaf Epoxy Composites." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112733.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the influence of silica nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of a unidirectional (UD) kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (KFRP) and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (GKFRP) composites. In this study, three different nanosilica loadings, i.e., 5, 13 and 25 wt %, and untreated kenaf fiber yarns were used. The untreated long kenaf fiber yarn was wound onto metal frames to produce UD kenaf dry mat layers. The silane-surface-treated nanosilica was initially dispersed into epoxy resin using a high-vacuum mechanical stirrer before being incorporated into the UD untreated kenaf and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber layers. Eight different composite systems were made, namely KFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-KFRP), 13% nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-KFRP), 25 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-KFRP), GKFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-GKFRP), 13 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-GKFRP) and 25 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-GKFRP). All composite systems were tested in tension and bending in accordance with ASTM standards D3039 and D7264, respectively. Based on the results, it was found that the incorporation of homogeneously dispersed nanosilica significantly improved the tensile and flexural properties of KFRP and hybrid GKFRP composites even at the highest loading of 25 wt % nanosilica. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the fractured surfaces, it is suggested that the silane-treated nanosilica exhibits good interactions with epoxy and the kenaf and glass fibers. Therefore, the presence of nanosilica in an epoxy polymer contributes to a stiffer matrix that, effectively, enhances the capability of transferring a load to the fibers. Thus, this supports greater loads and improves the mechanical properties of the kenaf and hybrid composites.