Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fibre à coeur creux'
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Beaudou, Benoît. "Conception et réalisation de fibres microstructurées à coeur creux optimisées pour l'émission dans l'infrarouge par diffusion Raman stimulée." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a6c1f8f1-ff8e-4e2b-9285-b1aeb54e0bec/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4038.pdf.
Full textApplications such as pollution control or countermeasures have a need in mid infrared sources (2. 5-5μm). Nowadays, compact, robust sources with a good beam quality are not available in this spectral range. To overcome this limitation, we study the conversion of usual sources by stimulated Raman scattering in hollow-core fibre. A proposal uses a hydrogen-filled tapered hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre as a wavelength converter. First results demonstrate the ability to convert the pump toward fifth Stokes order with a monomode beam profile. Then, large pitch hollow-core fibre allowing air-guiding over a broad spectral range are studied. Characterisation of the fabricated fibres paves the way to stimulated Raman scattering with large shift gases
Arfaoui, Imen. "Fibres optiques à coeur creux comme éléments sélectifs et compensateurs de dispersion pour les systèmes de communication multilongueurs d'onde." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23986/23986.pdf.
Full textSeptier, Dylan. "Fibres creuses à double gaine dédiées à la micro-endoscopie non-linéaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR049.
Full textThis thesis presents the development of a highly multimodal flexible nonlinear micro-endoscope. It is based on a negative curvature hollow core fiber, allowing the delivery of ultrashort and intense optical pulses over a wide spectral band without significant temporal nor spectral distortion. A large silica double clad, guiding via a thin layer of low index polymer, surrounds the microstructure and enables the nonlinear signals to be collected and back propagated through the same fiber as the excitation source. The fiber distal tip is functionalized by addition of either a silica bead inserted into its hollow core or a graded index fiber spliced to its endface, allowing to significantly reduce the mode size at the fiber output. Scanning over an area of several hundreds of microns is provided by a doubly resonant piezoelectric tube attached to the fiber tip to create a spiral scan. Along with a fixed objective, it is encased inside a 3~mm large bio-compatible steel tube, making for a compact endoscope head. Endoscopic imaging of biological tissues, including fresh and unlabeled samples, is demonstrated for the first time using three photon excited fluorescence (3PEF), as well as two photon excited fluorescence (2PEF), second (SHG) and third (THG) harmonic generation, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). This system is currently commercialized by Lightcore Technologies. A new scheme is also proposed for the separation of excitation and collection signals, based on a hollow-core double clad fiber coupler. Two different glass materials are used, making the fabrication possible, even with a fusion step, without affecting the hollow microstructure. Performances up to 70~% of the currently used scheme are measured, and images of unstained biological tissues are presented to demonstrate its applicability in nonlinear endoscopy
Maurel, Martin. "Dynamique propagative d’impulsions optiques ultra-courtes pour un module de compression à base de fibre creuse." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0116.
Full textUltra-short pulse laser, hundred femtoseconds, are currently an essential tool for many industrial or academic applications. However, their duration remains limited by the technology which composed this device itself. In addition, development of new microstructured optical fibers offers high-energy pulse guidance in gaseous media, thus allowing the generation of non-linear effects, key parameter for pulse compression and post-compression dynamics. The work of this thesis is therefore part of this context. Studies of ultra-short pulse compression dynamics are presented. Self-compression and post-compression are demonstrated at wavelengths ranging from 343 nm to 1030 nm with energy from few microJoules to several hundred microJoules and average power up to 100 W. Factor 29 of compressions are presented, with solitonic dynamic pulse with duration of 580 fs are compressed down to 19 fs. In addition, this technology has been integrated into an industrial platform installed at various customers' sites
Loranca, Cruz Luisa Fernanda. "Towards atomic crystallization in a hollow-core fiber." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0014.
Full textCold atoms are versatile quantum systems that enable the study of numerous quantum phenomena through precise tools and a high degree of control. Many experiments use these systems to explore spontaneous organization phenomena : systems that are initially disordered undergoing a phase transition to an ordered state due to interactions between their constituents. Most studies in this field rely on atoms confined in cavities. However, such cavities impose the light modes interacting with the atoms by their boundary conditions,there by predetermining the final geometry the system. Some experiments using ring cavities,which lack standing waves, offer an additional degree of freedom. In our experiment, we aim to go even further: the experiment we developed and describe in this thesis aims to induce the spontaneous crystallization of cold atoms in free space. Since the atoms are not in a cavity, they are considered as in free space, even if they are radially confined within the fiber’s core. The quasi 1D geometry increases the light-atom interaction, needed to implement the long range interatomic forces required to trigger the phase transition towards a crystal structure The cold atom crystal would be formed by long-range interactions induced by the light interacting with the atoms, simultaneously generating a light crystal with an associated superradiant pulse, that did not initially exist. Beyond a certain intensity threshold, these interactions would break the translational symmetry of the atomic cloud, with a spacing determined only by the characteristics of the cloud and the light, rather than by a standing wave.This type of experiment could contribute to the study of long-range interactions, the mechanisms of crystal formation, and could find applications in quantum simulations or magnetic field sensors. Finally, an important aspect is that the size of cold atom experiments generally remains too large to enable measurements outside vacuum chambers. In the case of atomic sensors,the measured forces often depend on the inverse of the distance from the observed fields. It is therefore crucial to work towards the miniaturization of cold atom experiments. Although other studies exploit HCFs, this experiment is unique in that it connects two vacuum chambersvia an HCF, with the goal of using cold atoms as magnetic field sensors between the chambers.This represents a step towards more compact devices for cold atom experiments. This project began with my doctoral research therefore, in this thesis, I present the development and construction of this new experiment, as well as the initial results concerning the cold atom source, the loading of atoms into the HCF, and a brief introduction to spontaneous organization phenomena
Ravaille, Alexia. "Gyromètre optique basé sur une cavité résonante passive en fibre à cœur creux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS411/document.
Full textIn this manuscript, we report the theoretical and experimental developments at TRT, TAV and LAC, aiming the realization of a hollow-core passive resonant fiber optical gyroscope that can achieve navigation grade performances. We mathematically describe the Sagnac effect, which is a relativistic effect used to optically probe mechanical rotations. Then, we detail the state of the art in passive resonant fiber optical gyroscope development. We identify their limitations, and explain why the hollow core fiber seems to be the best solution to cope with the actual limitations of such gyroscopes. We then focus on two different types of hollow core fibers: Kagome and photonic bandgap. We evaluate their performances in terms of transmission, polarization holding and backscattering. We describe the first measurement of a lock in region in a hollow core fiber passive optical gyroscope, i.e the range of rotation rates that cannot be measured because of backscattering. A mathematical model is propounded to link the lock in to the backscattering of the cavity. We then discuss the experimental protocol that we implemented to circumvent this limitation. Finally, we characterize the performances of our gyroscope based on these features
Devautour, Mathieu. "Etude de fibres actives combinant large coeur et fort niveau de dopage pour l'émission unimodale." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/3fbe2a78-c8d8-4766-9a3b-c7914d7a01eb/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4051.pdf.
Full textRare earth doped fiber lasers have reached today output power similar to those obtained with others solid state laser. There are numerous assets to use this kind of laser like high efficiency, compactness, high spatial beam quality and excellent thermal properties. Increasing output power encounters today limitation related to the apparition of non linear effects, disturbing the laser behaviour and reducing spatial and spectral beam quality. Most of the researches on this matter focus on finding a way to increase core area of the fiber used as gain medium, leading to limitation on the concentration of rare earth in the active medium. An alternative way trying to increase simultaneously core area and rare earth concentration is explored here. First, full numerical modelisation of fiber laser is conducted and the modelisation is experimentally validated. Then active fiber combining large core and high rare earth concentration for singlemode laser emission working by high order modes filtering with layered cladding has been designed. Then two alternative fabrication process of active fiber alternative to MCVD are developed. The first one, which is direct vitrification of silica powder has produced ytterbium doped silica medium highly homogeneous for refractive index and exhibing high efficiency. This first result allows to consider the fabrication of large and highly doped core fiber with this fabrication process. The second, multi drawing process, has turn up to be long and complex process. It didn't allow to obtained singlemode fiber. Nevertheless, homogeneous behaviour of structured medium for pitch close to the wavelength has been experimentally verified
Dargier, de Saint Vaulry Claire. "Conception et réalisation d'instruments biomédicaux : cathéter à fibre optique modifiée pour laser visible : guides d'onde diélectriques creux pour laser à CO2." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10126.
Full textLavoute, Laure. "Conception et fabrication d'une fibre unimodale à gaine résonante combinant large coeur et fort niveau de dopage." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/270a2199-24b1-4c40-beb4-cd2f324542a7/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4051.pdf.
Full textPropagation and generation of high power in optical fibre are mainly limited by the nonlinear and thermal effects occurring when power density is too high. The original LHDC structures ("Large and Highly Doped Core") presented for the first time in this manuscript, can escape these limiting factor by combining a large core (i. E. Large mode area) and a high doping level (i. E. Low fibre length). The active core is surrounded by a resonant cladding made of high index inclusions. Thanks to optimized coupling relation between the core and the cladding rods, energy of high order modes of the core spreads over the cladding when the fundamental mode remains confined in the active region. This original modal filtering combined to gain discrimination guarantees the quality of spatial beam
Viale, Pierre. "Gestion des effets non linéaires dans les fibres optiques à bande interdite photonique." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/9a9c89be-3d7c-4b1d-8644-ee484619e0db/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0057.pdf.
Full textNonlinear effects in optical fibres were managed by means of photonic crystals (PC). On the one hand, such a metamaterial was employed to increase the threshold of appearance of nonlinear effects. Hence a silica core PC fibre exhibiting a large effective mode area was designed and fabricated. The subsequent characterization was studied in detail. Moreover, a properly designed PC allows propagation of light in a low index media such as air, which is a low nonlinear medium. Modelling of hollow core PC fibre was exposed together with our realizations and characterisations. On the other hand, specific properties of PC allow to propagate light in a highly-nonlinear low-index liquid filling the hollow core of a PC fibre so as to exacerbating nonlinear effects and creating novel optical sources. To the best of our knowledge, a low-loss liquid-core PC fibre was fabricated for the first time. A comprehensive theory of propagation was developed and confirmed by experiments
Peyrat, Jean-Marc. "Comparison of cardiac anatomy and function : statistics on fibre architecture form DT-MRI and registration of 4D CT images." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4053.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the problem of comparing cardiac anatomy and function from medical images. The first part focuses on cardiac anatomy with a statistical study of cardiac fibre architecture from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI). The second part focuses on a joint comparison of cardiac anatomy and function with the nonlinear spatiotemporal registration of two 4D computed tomography (CT) sequences of different patients or of the same patient at different times. Cardiac fiber architecture, a complex spatial arrangement of myofibres locally bounded to each other to form planes called laminar sheets, plays an essential role in defining the electrical and mechanical behaviour of the heart, and thus in cardiac function. We propose a unified computational framework to perform a statistical analysis of cardiac fibre architecture from DT-MRI. The novelty of this framework lies on first- and second-order statistics directly computed on diffusion tensors (symmetric definite positive matrices) based on the Log-Euclidean metric. The variability of fibre and laminar sheet orientations among a population is then extracted from the covariance matrix of diffusion tensors. This computational framework is applied to a dataset of canine DT-MRI acquired ex vivo. This intra-species statistical comparison does not only provide an average model (or atlas) of cardiac fibre architecture, but also shows consistency of fibre orientation and discrepancies of laminar sheet orientation among this population of hearts. The resulting canine atlas is then compared to a rare single human DT-MRI acquisition ex vivo and a synthetic model used for electromechanical simulations or image analysis. This preliminary inter-species comparison shows a much better consistency of fibre orientation than laminar sheet orientation between human and canine hearts. Compared to the canine atlas, the synthetic model has showed to be limited for a complete and accurate description of cardiac fibre architecture. The acquisition of time-series of cardiac images gives the opportunity to observe cardiac motion and thus its function in addition to its anatomy. In order to compare this cardiac function, we propose a novel nonlinear spatiotemporal registration algorithm of time-series of images. The spatiotemporal registration is decoupled into a temporal registration that aims at mapping corresponding physiological events and into a spatial registration that aims at mapping corresponding anatomical points ensuring a consistency with their respective motion. This consistency is ensured by defining «trajectory constraints» linking intra-sequence transformations describing cardiac motion to inter-sequence transformations describing anatomical differences at different physiological times. Under these trajectory constraints, the 4D spatial registration problem is simplified to 3D multichannel registration problem solved using a new version of the «Diffeomorphic Demons», called the «Multichannel Diffeomorphic Demons». This new registration method is applied to the inter-subject registration of 4D cardiac CT sequences for evaluation. Its comparison to other existing methods shows that it is the best compromise between accuracy, spatial and temporal regularization, and computation times. A possible clinical application of the spatiotemporal nonlinear registration is then proposed to compare cardiac anatomy and function before and after therapy. We propose to study over a cardiac cycle the evolution of strains of inter-sequence transformations that we called «Remodeling Strains». These new cardiac indices can be used to explain and quantify remodeling processes after therapy
Pureur, Vincent. "Modélisation et caractérisation de fibres à guidage par bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10003.
Full textThis thesis focuses both on theoretical and experimental studies of a new class of micro-structured optical fibers, called Solid Core Photonic BandGap Fibers (SC-PBGFs), for which PBGs originate from the 2D periodical arrangement of weak refractive index contrast inclusions in the cladding. After giving these fibers advantages, we work on the identification and the understanding of confinement losses mechanisms in such micro-structures in the case of straight and bent fibers. These investigations allow us to establish simple evolution trends ofthese losses versus their different opto-geometrical parameters, and underline a compromise to find between the losses of the straight and bent fiber. Moreover and for the first time, impact of transversal defects appearing during the fabrication process will be evaluated and discussed. This study shows notably that such defects can lead to a minimum confinement loss lower than the ideal structure, which leads us to define a new class of SC-PBGFs, called hybrid. A new double clad PBG structure is also proposed, for which an extra holey ring reduces the confinement losses of both the straight and bent fiber. This thesis lays out moreover an application of such all-solid fibers, thanks to the conception and characterization of an Ytterbium doped PBGF with a transverse single-mode laser emission around 977 nm. Finally, we present the experimental and theoretical studies of several birefringent solid-core photonic bandgap fibers
Guérin, Michel. "Remplacement du potassium par le cesium dans la fibre myocardique : etude cinetique sur le coeur isole de grenouille et de tortue." Orléans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ORLE2005.
Full textGuérin, Michel. "Remplacement du potassium par le césium dans la fibre myocardique étude cinétique sur le coeur isolé de grenouille et de tortue /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376140387.
Full textPureur, Vincent. "Modélisation et caractérisation de fibres à guidage par bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10003/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses both on theoretical and experimental studies of a new class of micro-structured optical fibers, called Solid Core Photonic BandGap Fibers (SC-PBGFs), for which PBGs originate from the 2D periodical arrangement of weak refractive index contrast inclusions in the cladding. After giving these fibers advantages, we work on the identification and the understanding of confinement losses mechanisms in such micro-structures in the case of straight and bent fibers. These investigations allow us to establish simple evolution trends ofthese losses versus their different opto-geometrical parameters, and underline a compromise to find between the losses of the straight and bent fiber. Moreover and for the first time, impact of transversal defects appearing during the fabrication process will be evaluated and discussed. This study shows notably that such defects can lead to a minimum confinement loss lower than the ideal structure, which leads us to define a new class of SC-PBGFs, called hybrid. A new double clad PBG structure is also proposed, for which an extra holey ring reduces the confinement losses of both the straight and bent fiber. This thesis lays out moreover an application of such all-solid fibers, thanks to the conception and characterization of an Ytterbium doped PBGF with a transverse single-mode laser emission around 977 nm. Finally, we present the experimental and theoretical studies of several birefringent solid-core photonic bandgap fibers
Vanvincq, Olivier. "Etude théorique des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des fibres à bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880192.
Full textScol, Florent. "Amplification et transport fibré d’impulsions énergétiques pour les pilotes des installations laser de puissance." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10129/document.
Full textCompactness, stability and beam quality are some benefits of fiber lasers. In large scale laser facilities, those systems are already used to generate and amplify pulses but are limited to the nanojoule range. The goal of this thesis consists in building a millijoule range system satisfying large scale laser facility requirements. Amplification and beam delivery systems have been considered. In the first case, an all-fiber MOPA has been realized. Using a 32 µm mode field diameter tapered fiber, we amplified 10 ns pulses up to 500 µJ with excellent temporal, spectral and spatial properties. In a second step, we consider the fiber beam delivery of those pulses over 15 m. In order to minimize nonlinear effects, hollow-core fibers have been used. This way, thanks to a 21 µm mode field diameter fiber, 30 kW peak power nanosecond pulses have been delivered over 15 m with negligible temporal and spectral distortions. In addition of amplification and beam delivery, we also considered technological building blocks which could be used to modified actual fiber seeder architecture. Chirped laser diode has been used to generate pulses and allowed us to finally obtained 1,25 mJ with our MOPA system. Fiber spatial beam shaping has also been performed in the 100 µJ range thanks to a microstructured, single-mode, polarization maintaining fiber which delivers a coherent top-hat beam. Finally, this work confirms the great potential of fiber systems for high energy amplification and beam delivery for the next generation of large scale laser facilities seeder
Vasko, Kostiantyn. "Outil numérique (1+2D)/3D pour modéliser la diffusion de surface de la lumière d'une fibre creuse à couplage inhibé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LIMO0105.
Full textThis work presents the development of a numerical tool based on finite element method to study and optimize the performances of photonic crystal hollow-core fibers (HCPCF). Various loss mechanisms in these fibers were analyzed. Firstly, through a detailed understanding of the influence of geometric parameters on losses and by an approach based on an azimuthal Fourier decomposition, several innovative hollow-core fiber designs have been proposed making it possible to go beyond the current state-of-the-art. In particular, a hybrid hollow-core fiber guiding by inhibited coupling (IC) was designed and then manufactured, combining for the first time ultra-low confinement loss and singlemode guidance. Then, the sources of losses induced by surface roughness within these hollow-core fibers were integrated into the studies by developing a transverse 2D numerical approach and scaling formula. The calculations then confirmed the impact of a new shear process implemented during the fabrication, making it possible to reduce the amplitude of the surface profile of the silica membranes by a factor of three. This results in the demonstration of record losses of HCPCF-CI in the short wavelengths of the visible (< 1 dB/km) and the ultraviolet (< 50 dB/km) found in good agreement with simulations. In parallel, a second process called opto-thermal began, making it possible for the first time to obtain a non-stochastic roughness profile, a result which constitutes a strong perspective of my work. Finally, developments to extend these analyzes to the propagation axis (2D+1 and 3D simulations) have begun. To conclude, all of this work has contributed to the realization of a new generation of hollow-core fibers which could ultimately meet the challenges of both the still inaccessible ultraviolet domain and applications with a strong societal impact such as the optical telecommunications of tomorrow
TAUFER, MICHEL. "Polymerisation et caracterisations de materiaux de coeur pour fibres optiques transparentes et scintillantes." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30031.
Full textLacoste, Xavier. "Scheduling and memory optimizations for sparse direct solver on multi-core/multi-gpu duster systems." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0016/document.
Full textThe ongoing hardware evolution exhibits an escalation in the number, as well as in the heterogeneity, of computing resources. The pressure to maintain reasonable levels of performance and portability forces application developers to leave the traditional programming paradigms and explore alternative solutions. PaStiX is a parallel sparse direct solver, based on a dynamic scheduler for modern hierarchical manycore architectures. In this thesis, we study the benefits and the limits of replacing the highly specialized internal scheduler of the PaStiX solver by two generic runtime systems: PaRSEC and StarPU. Thus, we have to describe the factorization algorithm as a tasks graph that we provide to the runtime system. Then it can decide how to process and optimize the graph traversal in order to maximize the algorithm efficiency for thetargeted hardware platform. A comparative study of the performance of the PaStiX solver on top of its original internal scheduler, PaRSEC, and StarPU frameworks is performed. The analysis highlights that these generic task-based runtimes achieve comparable results to the application-optimized embedded scheduler on homogeneous platforms. Furthermore, they are able to significantly speed up the solver on heterogeneous environments by taking advantage of the accelerators while hiding the complexity of their efficient manipulation from the programmer. In this thesis, we also study the possibilities to build a distributed sparse linear solver on top of task-based runtime systems to target heterogeneous clusters. To permit an efficient and easy usage of these developments in parallel simulations, we also present an optimized distributed interfaceaiming at hiding the complexity of the construction of a distributed matrix to the user
Scol, Florent. "Amplification et transport fibré d’impulsions énergétiques pour les pilotes des installations laser de puissance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10129.
Full textCompactness, stability and beam quality are some benefits of fiber lasers. In large scale laser facilities, those systems are already used to generate and amplify pulses but are limited to the nanojoule range. The goal of this thesis consists in building a millijoule range system satisfying large scale laser facility requirements. Amplification and beam delivery systems have been considered. In the first case, an all-fiber MOPA has been realized. Using a 32 µm mode field diameter tapered fiber, we amplified 10 ns pulses up to 500 µJ with excellent temporal, spectral and spatial properties. In a second step, we consider the fiber beam delivery of those pulses over 15 m. In order to minimize nonlinear effects, hollow-core fibers have been used. This way, thanks to a 21 µm mode field diameter fiber, 30 kW peak power nanosecond pulses have been delivered over 15 m with negligible temporal and spectral distortions. In addition of amplification and beam delivery, we also considered technological building blocks which could be used to modified actual fiber seeder architecture. Chirped laser diode has been used to generate pulses and allowed us to finally obtained 1,25 mJ with our MOPA system. Fiber spatial beam shaping has also been performed in the 100 µJ range thanks to a microstructured, single-mode, polarization maintaining fiber which delivers a coherent top-hat beam. Finally, this work confirms the great potential of fiber systems for high energy amplification and beam delivery for the next generation of large scale laser facilities seeder
Nakov, Stojce. "On the design of sparse hybrid linear solvers for modern parallel architectures." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0298/document.
Full textIn the context of this thesis, our focus is on numerical linear algebra, more precisely on solution of large sparse systems of linear equations. We focus on designing efficient parallel implementations of MaPHyS, an hybrid linear solver based on domain decomposition techniques. First we investigate the MPI+threads approach. In MaPHyS, the first level of parallelism arises from the independent treatment of the various subdomains. The second level is exploited thanks to the use of multi-threaded dense and sparse linear algebra kernels involved at the subdomain level. Such an hybrid implementation of an hybrid linear solver suitably matches the hierarchical structure of modern supercomputers and enables a trade-off between the numerical and parallel performances of the solver. We demonstrate the flexibility of our parallel implementation on a set of test examples. Secondly, we follow a more disruptive approach where the algorithms are described as sets of tasks with data inter-dependencies that leads to a directed acyclic graph (DAG) representation. The tasks are handled by a runtime system. We illustrate how a first task-based parallel implementation can be obtained by composing task-based parallel libraries within MPI processes throught a preliminary prototype implementation of our hybrid solver. We then show how a task-based approach fully abstracting the hardware architecture can successfully exploit a wide range of modern hardware architectures. We implemented a full task-based Conjugate Gradient algorithm and showed that the proposed approach leads to very high performance on multi-GPU, multicore and heterogeneous architectures
Hoang, Thi Hong Cam. "Planar slot photonic crystal cavities for on-chip hybrid integration." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS063/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. work is a contribution to the modeling and the experimental study of slot photonic crystal cavities for hybrid on-silicon integration. Among the design works, we first have used plane the wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain methods to design a series of mechanically robust (non-free membrane) SOI slot photonic crystal heterostructure cavities with resonance wavelengths in the telecommunication range, i.e. from 1.3 µm – 1.6 µm, with Q-factors of around several tens of thousands and mode volumes around 0.03(lambda/n)^3 after being infiltrated by cladding materials with typical index values around 1.5. We have then analytically and numerically studied the coupling between a slot photonic crystal cavity and a slot photonic crystal waveguide by using the coupled mode theory and FDTD simulation. Then we confirmed the ability to excite the cavity slot modes from a waveguide by using FDTD simulation. Finally, as a preliminary step towards the use of several coupled slotted cavities for future hybrid integration schemes, we have numerically and semi-analytically investigated photonic molecules made of two coupled slot photonic crystal cavities providing two different supermodes (bonding and antibonding ones) with controllable wavelength splitting. We successfully employed the tight-binding (TB) approach, which relies on the overlap of the two tightly confined cavity electric fields, to predict the supermodes frequencies and spatial distributions in several coupled slot photonic crystal cavity configurations.This exploratory work was supplemented by an experimental part, which focused on the investigation of a family of slot photonic crystal heterostructure cavities. The fabricated silicon on insulator hollow core cavities showed quality factors of several tens of thousands, i.e. from 18,000 to 31,000 and mode volume V of ~0.03(λ/n)3 after being infiltrated with liquids of ~1.46 refractive index, yielding Q/V ratio larger than 600,000, and reaching 1,000,000 in the best case (at λ ≈ 1.3 μm).This preliminary experimental stage gave rise to two types of additional developments.Firstly, the properties of the studied slot photonic crystal cavities have been investigated for index sensing applications by using different liquids with refractive index values ranging from 1.345 to 1.545. The considered photonic crystal resonators have demonstrated quality factors of several tens of thousands with sensitivities of ~235 nm/RIU and index sensing FOMs around 3,700, i.e. at the state of the art considering hollow core silicon integrated resonators.Secondly, in the view of the integration of active materials on silicon, the potential of these hollow core nanoresonators has been considered to enhance the photo-luminescence (PL) of semiconductor single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) integrated in thin films deposited on top of silicon. We have brought the first experimental demonstration of SWNTs PL collection (around lambda=1.28 µm) under vertical pumping at short wavelength (lambda=740 nm) from a slotted resonator into millimeter long integrated silicon waveguides, providing a first proof-of-concept step towards nanotube/Si-PhC integration as an active photonic platform. The reported works demonstrate the feasibility of integrating telecommunication wavelength nanotube emitters in silicon photonics as well as emphasize the role of slot photonic crystal cavities for on-chip hybrid integration
Gourdon, Isabelle. "Le courant sortant retardé de la fibre atriale de grenouille : étude de sa modulation par le calcium et les agonistes Bêta-adrénergiques." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2300.
Full textGauden, Damien. "Etude et réalisation de composants passifs accordables pour les systèmes de télécommunication hauts débits." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1E001.
Full textChafer, Matthieu. "Sources lasers innovantes à base de micro-capsules photoniques et par nano-structuration de milieux gazeux." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0042.
Full textSince their advent, hollow-core photonic crystal fibers have proved to be highly efficient for frequency conversion, especially via by playing with stimulated Raman scattering. Within the frame work of a CIFRE contract between the firm GLOphotonics and the Xlim research institute, this thesis project has consisted in developing these fibers to enhance their optical performances, in order to target two different field of applications: an industrial one to offer a a compact multi-line laser in the visible and UV and a second more fundamental one to realize a optical wave synthesizer. The amelioration of these performances relies on the exacerbation of the inhibition of the coupling between the air core mode and the silica cladding modes. Two types of micro-structures have been explored, a Kagomé and a tubular lattice. Several fibers have been fabricated demonstrating record performances on all a wavelength range (8.5 dB/km at 1 µm, 7.7 dB/km at 750 nm, 13.8 dB/km at 549 nm, and around 70 dB/km at 355 nm). Concerning the functionalization of the fibers, photonic micro-cells have been designed and realized enabling to overcome the problem the permeability of silica to gas (conversion stability over 12 months) and demonstrate a conversion to 26 lines in the visible. An industrial product coined CombLas has been made and used for flow cytometry in order to study the influence of the repetition rate of the pump laser. This product has also been extended to the UV range with 24 lines generated between 225-400 nm. Also, more fundamental research has been realized consisting in developing an optical wave synthesizer based on Raman generation in hollow core fibres where a new dynamic has been observed demonstrating the trapping of hydrogen molecules by an auto-assembled optical lattice of ultra-deep and nano-metric potential wells. This configuration has enabled to generate a Lamb-Dicke regime of stimulated Raman scattering. Sub-Doppler signatures usually found in cold atoms have been measured with linewidths narrower than 5 orders of magnitude than what is predicted in the literature. Finally, this linewidth has been optmised of an order of magnitude by plaing on the length of the fiber and the pressure of hydrogen
Benoit, Aurélien. "Sources laser fibrées hybrides de haute puissance : Amplification et conversion de fréquences." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0024/document.
Full textHigh-power fiber lasers adress an increasing number of applications since ten years. In the frame of a CIFRE contract between the company Eolite Systems and Xlim (joint laboratory between CNRS and the University of Limoges), the goal of this PhD project was to develop the technological blocs to achieve all-fibre high-power lasers emiting out of the conventional spectral band covered by existing lasers.Modal instabilities in large mode area (LMA) fibers are currently the main limitation of the fiber lasers power scaling. We have experimentally demonstrated the relevance of inner cladding aperiodic structures to efficiently delocalize higher order modes outside the gain region. A systematic study of passive fibers based on such structures has shown the single propagation of the fundamental mode over a wide wavelength range from 1 to 2 µm for dimension of core up to 85 µm. This effective mode delocalization even extends up to a core dimension of 140 µm at a 2 µm wavelength.The combination of high power picosecond fiber laser with an average power of 22.7 W and a hydrogen-filled inhibited coupling Kagome fiber allowed us to generate two Raman combs over five frequency octaves from 321 nm to 12.5 µm. These two combs are controlled by the laser pump polarization and generated an average power of 10.1 W displayed over 70 laser lines for circular pump polarization and 8.6 W over 30 lines for linear polarization. Some laser lines within these combs have been generated for the first time from high-power fiber source in the mid-infrared range. We have also demonstrated the generation of high-power line by optimizing the first vibrational Stokes at 1.8 µm with an average power of 9.3 W and a quantum efficiency of the frequency conversion stage close to 80%
Bancel, Eve-Line. "Generation of triple frequency combs in multi-core fibres for multidimensional spectroscopy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR091.
Full textThis thesis work explores the development, characterization, and practical application of a novel, fully fibered, and freely-tunable tri-frequency-comb source for advanced multidimensional spectroscopy. Tricomb spectroscopy unveils a new dimension to standard linear and non-linear spectroscopic analysis, offering the possibility to reveal the almost real-time evolution of complex systems with unprecedented accuracy. Current triple comb configurations are based on the use of mode-locked lasers, which impose constraints on the comb parameters, and require complex electronic synchronization, thus limiting potential applications. In this thesis, we present the experimental demonstration of the spatial multiplexing in a multi-core non-linear fiber of three electro-optic combs from a common laser source.This architecture aims to ensure intrinsic mutual coherence between the three combs. The manuscript provides a comprehensive study of the development and characterization of the three combs Wevalidated their pairwise coherence through dual-comb experiments. We exploited the tri-comb coherence to experimentally investigate intra-envelope four-wave mixing phenomenon in optical fibers.We then revealed the high mutual coherence between the three broadened combs by applying this approach through the demonstration of a 2-D FWM spectroscopy experiment
"Fibres optiques à coeur creux comme éléments sélectifs et compensateurs de dispersion pour les systèmes de communication multilongueurs d'onde." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23986/23986.pdf.
Full textEl-Helou, Viviane. "Remodelage neuronal de la cicatrice cardiaque suite à un infarctus du myocarde." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3865.
Full textGENERAL ABSTRACT Following myocardial infarction, scar formation represents an adaptive response required to heal the damaged myocardium and prevent cardiac rupture. Infarct healing requires the coordinated action of scar myofibroblasts, angiogenic cells, sympathetic fibres and nestin positive cardiac neural stem cells. A perturbation of one or more of the aforementioned events could lead to inadequate scar healing and further worsening of ventricular function. A better understanding of the cellular events and the underlying mechanisms involved in scar formation is of a primordial importance. The focus of the following studies consists of elucidating the role of the sympathetic system and cardiac neural stem cells during scar healing and their potential interaction. We tested the hypothesis that nestin positive neural stem cells are endogenous to the heart, contribute to angiogenesis and sympathetic innervation of the infarcted myocardium following ischemic injury. Nestin positive cardiac neural stem cells are found in a number of species including the infarcted human heart. Nestin positive cardiac neural stem cells represent a resident population in the heart, are derived from the neural crest and detected intercalated between nestin negative cardiac myocytes. Following their isolation from the infarcted rat heart, neural stem cells proliferate as a neurosphere and under appropriate in vitro conditions differentiate to a neurofilament-M immunoreactive neuron. Following myocardial infarction, nestin mRNA levels are significantly elevated in the viable left ventricle and infarct region. Our data further suggests that the increased expression of nestin in the infarct region reflects in part the migration of these neural stem cells from the viable myocardium. During cardiac wound healing, neural stem cells may represent a novel substrate for de novo blood vessel formation and further contribute to sympathetic fibre growth and innervation of the infarct region. Lastly, we demonstrate that scar formation and healing is associated with sympathetic fibre sprouting of the peri-infarct/infarct region. In addition, sympathetic fibres in the infarct region were detected in close proximity to small calibre blood vessels. These latter data indirectly suggest that innervating sympathetic fibres may play a role in angiogenesis during cardiac wound healing. Following the administration of the corticosteroid dexamethasone inadequate scar healing was observed and associated with a significant reduction of neurofilament-M immunoreactive fibres in the peri-infarct/infarct region. The loss of sympathetic fibre sprouting in the scar may be related to a dexamethasone-mediated suppression of myofibroblast growth and the concomitant reduction of nerve growth factor mRNA expression.