Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fibre continue'
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Margueritat-Regenet, Caroline. "Elaboration et caractérisation de fils composites C/Al : infiltration spontanée et continue par activation chimique du mouillage." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005642.
Full textLa mèche de fibre (Torayca T700S-12K) étant commercialisée avec 1% en masse densimage, une première étape a consisté en l'élimination de cette couche d'époxy par dégradation thermique sous air. D'une part, il a été construit un diagramme pour le choix des paramètres de désensimage (température du four, vitesse de défilement) minimisant la perte des propriétés mécaniques des fibres. D'autre part, la cinétique du phénomène de désensimage a été établie afin de prévoir le désensimage " dynamique " sur le pilote en connaissant le profil thermique de la mèche pour les conditions opératoires données.
La mèche est ensuite trempée dans une solution aqueuse saturée d'un sel fluoré à 95°C puis séchée sous air, dans la seconde étape, dite de traitement au flux pour laquelle les paramètres opératoires sont la vitesse de défilement et la composition du flux. Il s'est agi ici d'étudier, plus particulièrement, le vieillissement de la solution aqueuse et la qualité du dépôt de cristaux sur la mèche (morphologie, répartition et quantité). D'une manière générale, le coeur de la mèche est beaucoup moins bien traité que sa surface. Laction de plusieurs composés fluorés sur le mouillage des fibres par l'aluminium a été regardé. Un schéma réactionnel s'appuyant essentiellement sur une étude ATD a mis en évidence le rôle favorable de l'oxydation par l'air de l'aluminium natif pour l'imprégnation du coeur du composite. Comparée à la toute première réaction flux/alumine, cest principalement la réaction flux/aluminium liquide qui engendre lélévation suffisante de température permettant dinitier l'infiltration.
Enfin, la mèche passe par un bain d'aluminium liquide (99,7% en masse) à 710°C sous air : c'est l'étape d'infiltration dont les paramètres sont la température du bain et la vitesse de défilement. Dans cette dernière étape, le but était de définir la microstructure et les propriétés du fil composite élaboré selon les conditions optimales. Des observations fines au MET indiquent la présence de précipités Al3Zr et Al4C3 à linterface fibre/matrice. Cette adhésion chimique contribue à limiter la tenue mécanique du fil tout comme la distribution inhomogène des fibres, la présence de porosités naturelles et de cryolithe solidifiée. Le meilleur fil composite a été obtenu pour une vitesse lente (1m/min) et une température moyenne du bain (710°C)°. Sa résistance à la traction ne dépasse pas 520Mpa pour une fraction volumique de fibres de 40%, ce qui suggère de minimiser les dégradations diverses subies par le renfort dans les trois étapes et les défauts liés à l'infiltration réactive.
Dubrasquet, Romain. "Etude et développement de sources laser à fibre dopées Ytterbium émettant à des longueurs d'ondes exotiques pour des applications industrielles et médicales." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0415/document.
Full textGas laser technology (Ar ion and HeCd lasers) is now largely obsolete, with new production rapidly disappearing. Given the vast application domain based around these wavelengths (488nm, 325 nm…), it seems extremely important to develop alternative solutions. The work presented in this thesis covers the study of relevant solutions via frequency conversion of Yb fiber lasers emitting on the three level transition at 976 nm. The necessary conditions for laser operation in this zone where absorption and emission peaks are superimposed are presented. Next, we present the development of a single mode, single frequency source at 976 nm giving a record 35W output power with diffraction limited performance (M2<1.1). Frequency doubling of the fundamental radiation in a PPSLT crystal allowed the generation of more than 4W of output at 488 nm in a single pass configuration with extremely low noise (0.05%RMS from 100Hz to 10MHz).Subsequently, 760 mW of output power was generated at 325 nm via frequency tripling of a multi-watt nanosecond source at 976 nm (5ns, 100 kHz). Type I and type II interactions in LBO were used in this case allowing us to demonstrate an overall conversion efficiency of 10% from IR to UV.Finally, we report on the generation of 2W of output power at 325 nm by frequency tripling of a 15 ps laser generating 16W at 976 nm, representing a pulse energy of 0.8μJ and a peak power of 52 kW (conversion efficiency of 12%)
Coulson, MiKe. "Conductivité, diffusivité, émissivité thermiques de composites poly (EtherKetoneKetone) - charges carbonées : fibres continues et particules." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30215.
Full text: The aim of this research is the improvement of the laser depositing fiber placement process, applied to Poly (EtherKetoneKetone) / continuous carbon fiber composites. The optimization of deposit parameters implies the investigation of the stability of the matrix and of the thermal behavior of composites. Thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and optical emissivity, are the key parameters for understanding the behavior of volume and surface conduction of composites. PEKK / carbon particle composites have been processed to study the effect of carbon morphology on thermal parameters. The emissivity of the PEKK / continuous fiber composites was measured by comparing the radiation emitted by the material with the one emitted by a black body at the same temperature. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity, which are intrinsic parameters of the composite, increase with the rate of charge and the temperature. These two parameters have been studied as a function of temperature, in the case of PEEK / continuous fibers composites and PEKK / carbon particles composites for various charge rates
Villard, Pascal. "Etude du renforcement des sables par des fils continus : modelisation et applications." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT2017.
Full textVienney, Martine. "Etude d'un procede de retention de biomasse pour le fonctionnement de reacteurs biologiques a l'alimentation continue : son application au traitement anaerobie des effluents industriels." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2339.
Full textLimaiem, Sarra. "Étude et développement d’une interface fibre-matrice spécifique dans les composites à matrice thermoplastique renforcés en fibres de verre continues." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MULH8553.
Full textDuring this study, the aim was to develop a methodology to elaborate and evaluate the quality of the fiber-matrix interface in a glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 composite.At first, a macroscopic model was developed using a glass slide/polyamide 12 film assembly. Several organosilane adhesion promoters with different features and compatible with the polyamide matrix were tested. The grafting quality was characterized through appropriate physico-chemical analytical techniques (AFM, PM-IRRAS, Wetting…), and the adhesive performance of the assemblies was evaluated by specific mechanical tests (Peel test, Wedge test). In a second step, the deposition procedure described in macroscopic scale has been adapted to the glass fibers’ scale, more particularly to optical fibers. Specific mechanical tests were performed (fragmentation test) to assess the adhesive performance at the interface of the concerned assemblies.A study focused on the understanding of the interfacial mechanisms was also conducted to clarify the nature of the interactions established at the fiber-matrix interface. Thanks to the different physico-chemical characterization techniques, it has been possible to demonstrate the influence of various experimental parameters such as the surface treatment time, the grafting density and the chemistry on the treated surfaces on the crystallization of the matrix at the interface. The last part of this work concerns the transition to the semi-scale form of ribbons. The analysis of the interface’s properties and the mechanical characteristics has been investigated
Larivière, Damien. "Influence de l'interface fibre/matrice sur l'endommagement et le comportement mécanique de composites thermoplastiques à fibres de verre continues." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-227.pdf.
Full textLapointe, Marc-André. "Lasers à fibre de puissance opérés en régime continu." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27088/27088.pdf.
Full textThis research project focuses on high power fiber lasers operated in the continuous regime. The main objective is the implementation of a 400-W fiber laser using ytterbium- doped double clad fiber. The wide variety of high power fiber lasers assembled during this work has enabled the study of the thermal effects, the power limitations and the behavior of the output spectrum. The study includes simulations that characterize the behavior of fiber lasers operated in the continuous regime. Different laser configurations were tested at a signal power of 100 W. The heat transfer in double clad fibers was analyzed to circumvent the difficulties caused by the important amount of heat generated by these lasers. The concept of contact resistance is brought in to explain the temperature rise of active fibers. This was necessary for the realization of single-mode fiber lasers with over 350W of output power. The output power was only limited by the availability of pumps. Several compromises were necessary to achieve the high output power and the diffraction-limited beam quality. Thus, the photodarkening of the ytterbium doped fiber is still an issue for this kind of lasers. A tool to predict the spectral broadening of high power fiber lasers has been developed. It is shown that four-wave mixing broadens the outpu t spectrum of these lasers as a function of output power. The broadening of the output spectrum has been experimentally verified by the implementation of various lasers with different configurations. A theoretical model is presented, which shows a good agreement with experimental data.
Bale, Jefri Semuel. "The damage observation of composite using non destructive testing (NDT) method." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100067/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the damage behaviour of composite material in static and fatigue condition with non destructive testing (NDT) thermography method and supported by acoustic emission and also computed tomography (CT) scan. Thermography and acoustic emission are used in real-time monitoring techniques during the test. On the other hand, NDT observation of tomography is used for a post-failure analysis. In order to achive this, continuous glass fiber composite (GFRP) and discontinuous carbon fiber composite (DCFC) have been used as the test specimens which supplied by PSA Company, France. A series of mechanical testing was carried out to determine the damage behaviour under static and fatigue loading. During all the mechanical testing, thermography was used in real-time observation to follow the temperature change on specimen surface and supported by acoustic emission in certain condition. This study used rectangular shape and consist of specimen with and without circular notches (hole) at the center. The constant displacement rate is applied to observe the effect on damage behaviour under tensile static loading. Under fatigue testing, the constant parameter of frequency and amplitude of stress was explored for each load level to have the fatigue properties and damage evolution of specimen. The tomography was used to confirm the appearance of damage and material condition after fatigue testing. The analysis from the experiment results and NDT observation shown the good agreement between mechnical results and NDT thermography with supported by acoustic emission observation in detect the appearance and propagation of damage for GFRP and DCFC under static loading. Fatigue testing shows that thermal dissipation is related to the damage evolution and also thermography and can be successfully used to determine high cycle fatigue strength (HCFS) and S-N curve of fiber composite material. From post failure analysis, CT scan analysis successfully measured and evaluated damage and material condition after fatigue test for fiber composite material. v
Veyrat, Alain. "Procédé électrochimique de traitement en continu de fibres de carbone par greffage d'amines ou de groupements aryls substitués." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL055N.
Full textLIEUTIER, MICHEL. "Etude experimentale de la coupure d'un courant continu par mise en oscillation de l'arc electrique." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF2D221.
Full textBequet, Stéphane. "Procédé de photogreffage en continu de membranes fibres creuses." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30145.
Full textMAMHOUD, ABDELLATIF. "Morphogenese solitonique dans un laser brillouin a fibre optique pompe en continu." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE4948.
Full textSégard, Eric. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de l'influence de la qualité de l'interface fibre/matrice sur le comportement en fluage du polypropylène chargé de fibres de verres courtes." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1361.
Full textLévesque, Martin. "L'essai de traction de matériaux composites unidirectionnels à fibres continues." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60904.pdf.
Full textCharters, R. B. "Continous fibre optic components utilizing evanescent coupling to organic thin films." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10422.
Full textTavakkolnia, Iman. "Advanced optical fibre communication via nonlinear Fourier transform." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29606.
Full textLanglois, Vincent. "Etude du comportement mécanique de matériaux cimentaires à renforts synthétiques longs ou continus." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0206.
Full textThis work aims to substitute other types of reinforcements for the steel reinforcements, allowing to simplify the realization of foundation works. After a bibliographic study and a preliminary study, two kinds of reinforcement have been chosen: grids of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (epoxy, PVC, latex, acrylic, silica doped acrylic) and continuous glass or carbon yarns. Flexural bond tests, performed on 7x7x28 cm specimens, allowed the study of the mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement/mortar interface. Flexural tests then allowed the study of the mechanical behaviour of the cementitious composite. The interpretation of bond tests has allowed to elaborate models describing the behaviour of the yarns embedded in the cementitious matrix. These models allow to take into account the internal structure of the yarns (multifilament or strand structure) and to describe its influence on the anchorage of the filaments (anchorage by adherence and anchorage thanks to the presence of loop). Flexural tests have allowed to estimate the efficiency of the different reinforcements and have shown that this one is linked to their internal structure. At last, a study of grids as reinforcement of 3 m concrete beams has shown that carbon/epoxy grid could be considered as reinforcement
Jaouen, Yves. "Modélisation, optimisation et réalisation d'un système optique cohérent 1 Gbit/s à modulation de fréquence à phase continue /." Paris : Ecole nationale supérieure des Télécommunications, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357076029.
Full textGillet, Arnaud. "Conception optimisée de structures constituées de matériaux composites thermoplastiques à fibres continues." Chambéry, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CHAMS017.
Full textComposite materials with thermoplastic matrix and continuous fibre (TPCF) progressed considerably over the past few years. This stems from the needs for optimization of certain industries such as the automotive and aeronautic industries, which are seeking to improve certain design features. Paradoxically, few studies have investigated these products. Nearly all the tests and the scientific studies published on the TPCF were conducted on composites AS4/PEEK composites, an excellent material ,that is recognised for its mechanical performances close to the traditional carbon-epoxy composites. First, the research in this area is reviewed to highlight the main characteristics of unidirectional TPCF. Following this study, we propose a multi-scale model which suitably reproduces the response of a laminate while limiting the experimental and numerical effort. This study made it possible to accurately simulate a whole of tests drawn from the literature and thus to consolidate the made assumptions. The second stage of the work of this thesis investigates the optimization of composite structures. A review of the abundant bibliography on this topic provided the principal main industrial requirements, which led to the choice of the genetic algorithm adapted to the specificity of the problems involved. Thereafter, simple problems were tested to compare the respective merits of various algorithmic choices and to evaluate the influence of the mechanical parameters on the optimal solutions. Lastly, the structural analyses were carried out by using the finite element method integrating technological constraints. This work highlights the importance of the methodological choices on to the quality of the final solution. The methods suggested make it possible to obtain good quasi-optimal solutions while limiting the duration of the procedures thanks to a rigorous comparative evaluation which justifies the assumptions selected
D'Agostino, Marco Valerio. "Generalized continua and applications to finite deformations of quasi-inextensible fiber reinforcements." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0061/document.
Full textDered materials in the simplest and more effective way. However, there are some cases in which the considered materials are heterogeneous even at relatively large scales and, as a consequence, the effect of microstructure on the overall mechanical behavior of the medium cannot be neglected. In such situations, Cauchy continuum theory may not be useful to fully describe the mechanical behavior of considered materials. It is in fact well known that such continuum theory is not able to catch significant phenomena related to concentrations of stress and strain and to specific deformation patterns in which high gradients of deformation occur and which are, in turn, connected to particular phenomena which take place at lower scales. Generalized continuum theories may be good candidates to model such micro-structured materials in a more appropriate way since they are able to account for the description of the macroscopic manifestation of the presence of microstructure in a rather simplified way. The present manuscript is organized as follows: In ch.1 a general description of fibrous composite reinforcements is given. In ch.2 some fundamental issues concerning classical continuum mechanical models are recalled. In ch.3 we start analyzing some discrete and continuum models for the description of the mechanical behavior of 2D woven composites. At this stage of the manuscript, we want to show how some discrete numerical simulations allowed us to unveil some very special deformation modes related to the effect of the local bending of fibers on the overall macroscopic deformation of fibrous composite reinforcements. Such discrete simulations showed rather clearly that microscopic bending of the fibers cannot be neglected when considering the deformation of fibrous composite reinforcements. For this reason, we subsequently introduced a continuum model which is able to account for such microstructure-related effects by means of second gradient terms appearing in the strain energy density. In ch.4 we reduce the general continuum mechanical framework introduced in ch.2 to the particular case of 2D continua. In ch.5 we introduce a strong kinematical hypothesis on the admissible deformations, assuming that the yarns composing the woven reinforcements are inextensible
Nofal, Mostafa. "Continuum damage mechanics for plain, fibre-reinforced, and reinforced concrete materials and structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ26860.pdf.
Full textBodart, Jean-Claude. "Modélisation et commande d'une machine à thermofixer en continu des fibres synthétiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596111f.
Full textBodart, Jean-Claude. "Modélisation et commande d'une machine à thermofixer en continu des fibres synthétiques." Mulhouse, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MULH0030.
Full textChen, Julie. "The application of continuum mechanics to the stochastic modeling of fracture in fiber-fiber composites." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13458.
Full textBoucon, Anne. "Instabilité modulationnelle et génération de supercontinuum en régime d'excitation quasi-continue dans les fibres optiques hautement non linéaires et microstructurés." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA2072.
Full textSupercontinuum light generation is one of the most spectacular outcome of modem nonlinear optics as it possesses the spatial properties of a 'laser combined with an ultra-broad bandwidth spanning more than two octaves. Ln particular, small core microstructured fibres combined with femtosecond laser pulses have proven to be the most efficient way for supercontinuum generation. This thesis pro\ides a comprehensive review of the different physical mechanisms leading to the generation of these spectra in optical fibres, paying a special attention to the nanosecond and continuous-wave (cw) pumping scheme. We then investigate both numerically and experimentally cw modulation instability in the zero-dispersion wavelength region of conventional optical fibres. Our results reveal a symmetry breaking dynamics in the modulation instability spectra associated with the generation of dispersiVe waves that are a consequence of soliton fission. We then describe a novel convenient technique to allow the accurate measurement of the dispersion coefficients till fourth-order of single-mode optical fibres. The proposed method is based on a careful spectral analysis of modulation instability occurring in both normal and anomalous dispersion regime and the associated dispersive waves. We then demonstrate a 1000-nm wideband all fibre-format supercontinuum source by use of a highly nonlinear fibre and a self-Q- switched fibre laser. Besides we experimentally study a new regime for supercontinuum generation in the nanosecond pulsed regime using a microstructured optical fibre with two zero-dispersion wavelengths. Pumping at 1535 nm around the second zero dispersion yields a nearly fiat SC over 1350-1700 Dm. The interplay between the effects of modulation instability and stimulated Raman scattering are described through simple phase- matching relations. Cascaded anti-Stokes Raman generation due to phase-matching allowed by the group- velocity dispersion is also reported. We finally report visible and infrared supercontinuum generation by dual nanosecond pumping near the two zero dispersion wavelengths of the same microstructured fibre. The resulting spectrum extends from 550 nm to wavelengths higher than 1950 nm
Vasconcellos, Davi Silva de. "Comportement en fatigue avant et après impact de composites tissés chanvre/époxy." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESMA0017/document.
Full textThis study focuses on a woven hemp/epoxy composite. Tests were first conducted on its components. They showed that the behaviour of resin impregnated yarn is more representative of the yarn behaviour in the composite than the dry yarn usually studied. These tests were also used to determine the material parameters necessary for the development of a finite element model of a composite ply. This model is based on a simplified representation of the fabric. Variability of properties of the components was taken into account. Strain fields were compared with those measured by the DIC technique on the surface of the composites. Fatigue tests were conducted on composites [0°/90°]7 and [±45°]7. Heating was measured by IR camera; the damage was followed by AE and high resolution camera. Observations were made by microscopy and X-ray microtomography. A detailed analysis of damage mechanisms was performed. A model of S-N fatigue curve was adapted to the studied hemp/epoxy composite. The resistance to impact and the post-impact mechanical behaviour of the [0°/90°]7 hemp/epoxy composite were studied. The results showed the influence of a non-destructive impact on the fatigue life of the composite, and the evolution of the damage was analyzed. It has been shown that the model of S-N fatigue curve can be applied to impacted specimens. It is thus possible to predict the fatigue life of the impacted composite from the tensile strength and fatigue behaviour of the non-impacted material
Lin, Qing. "Développement de systèmes retardateurs de flamme pour matériaux composites thermoplastiques à fibres continues." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0118.
Full textThe present demand of polymer-matrix composite materials in the transport market is significantly increasing, to replace the work-pieces actually manufactured in metal alloys, the polymer-matrix composite being lighter and more performant. Thermoset composites are currently and widely used however this kind of composites presents a severe drawback due to their non- recyclable character. One of the objectives of the “Résines idéales” project and of this thesis is to develop new composites made from thermoplastic matrix, endowed with similar properties. Among them, the fire behavior is a major challenge and the aim of this work is to develop new flame retardant systems for thermoplastics composites reinforced with continuous fibers. Firstly, we have performed a screening of potentially effective phosphorus flame retardants. Also, we have studied the influence of the reinforcement taffetas on the thermal stability and fire behavior. For that, various tests have been performed such as cone calorimeter, LOI and UL-94. Then, to improve the fire behavior and particularly to satisfy the aeronautical fire standards (the most challenging), we have studied binary and ternary mixtures of flame retardants constituted by the selected phosphorus flame retardant and other additives: alumina, aluminum hydroxide (ATH), expanded graphite and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxy-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). In each case, the thermal stability and fire behavior have been characterized and discussed
Grot, Sébastien. "Montée en puissance de lasers et d'amplificateurs à fibres dopées Ytterbium en régime continu et d'impulsions." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00079671.
Full textLucas, Antoine. "Dispersion et Filage continu par coagulation de nanotubes de carbone." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585478.
Full textBrown, Dussault Evelyne. "Atténuation d'effets non linéaires dans les lasers fibrés de haute puissance opérés en régime continu." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27006.
Full textHigh power fiber lasers are now the preferred solution when it comes to industrial cutting applications. Development and power scaling of industrial grade high power fiber lasers is however limited by industrial reliability specifications. Power scaling of fiber lasers is limited by non-linear effects, which arise from fiber designs with a small mode area therefore requiring the development of new methods to suppress non-linear effects. In this memoir, experiments and simulations show that the models used to describe nonlinear effects in the case of passive fibers are no longer valid in the case of high power fiber lasers. New metrics must thus be defined. We also show that the laser configuration influences the non-linear effects. Using the general non linear Schrödinger equation we also show that in the case of a high power end-pumped laser configuration, Raman scattering affects spectral broadening. Experimental and theoretical work also show that changing the grating mirror properties such as increasing the reflectivity or the bandwidth of the low reflectivity grating reduces Raman scattering.
Mercader, C. "Filage continu de fibres de nanotubes de carbone : de la solidification aux propriétés finales." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583812.
Full textMercader, Célia. "Filage continu de fibres de nanotubes de carbone : de la solidification aux propriétés finales." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14095/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study the wet-spinning process for the production of carbonnanotube composite fibers and their properties. We have characterized the mechanicalproperties of the fibers during their solidification as they circulate along the pipe of thespinning line. The study of the influence of various chemical parameters allowed us todevelop a new process for the continuous and scalable production of these fibers, whichexhibit unique mechanical and electrical properties. Moreover, they show an original effect oftemperature memory. The origin of this phenomenon is investigated in this work. These fiberscould be used for various applications such as high energy absorption materials or functionalconductive textile
Haddou, Geoffrey. "Structure et propriétés physiques de composites à matrice biosourcée/fibres naturelles continues pour applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30272/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to propose fully bio-based composites for a potential application in the cabin interior, and compliant with the REACh regulations. The use of vegetable fibers as reinforcement into polymeric matrices is an encouraging way to decrease the environmental impact, end the weight as well. A new bio-based polyamide matrix, synthetized by Arkema - Polyamide meta-xylylene diamine 10 - was used in this work. A preliminary study on Polyamide 11/bamboo powder showed the introduction of the fillers did not modified the physical structure of the matrix. Moreover, the optimization of the mechanical properties occurs with no coupling agent. The continuous bamboo fibers/PA mXD 10 composites, which were also processed without coupling agent, present shear moduli superior than the one of the synthetic reference glass fibers/phenolic, with a gain of weight about 50%
Lauffenburger, Stefan. "Caractérisation des circuits intégrés micro-onde à base d'Arséniure de Gallium par sondage électro-optique utilisant un faisceau laser continu." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000621.
Full textBoucon, Anne. "Instabilité Modulationnelle et Génération de Supercontinuum en Régime d'Excitation Quasi-continue dans les Fibres Optiques Hautement Non Linéaires et Microstructurées." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00448987.
Full textGoma-Bilongo, Tchicaya. "Modification de la surface de membranes fibres creuses par photogreffage en continu : simulation du procédé." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30021.
Full textIn this study, a numerical model was developed to represent a continuous photo-grafting process applied to hollow-fibre membranes. This process allows the surface of polysulfone membranes to be modified, without addition of a photo-initiator. The proposed model takes into account the coupling effects between monomer transfer and the polymerisation reaction and between heat transfer and evaporation. In the experimental work, hollow fibres were treated under different operating conditions and were then characterised in terms of permeability and retention. The mass of monomer grafted was measured and could be compared with the value predicted by the model. This model made it possible on the one hand to identify the major controlling parameters (UV dose, monomer concentration, residence time in the monomer bath), and on the other to define the optimum grafting conditions. The tendencies predicted by the model are in agreement with those observed experimentally
Audoit, Jérémie. "Optimisation de la conductivité électrique transverse de composites structuraux PAEK-fils submicroniques d'argent/fibres de carbone continues avec ensimage conducteur." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30001/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the optimization of transverse electrical conductivity of Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer. The influence of an electrically conductive sizing has been investigated. Silver nanoplates (AgNpts) have been successfully synthesized by a soft chemical reduction, with trisodiumcitrate (TSC) as surfactant. Silver nanoplates have been dispersed into a model matrix, percolation threshold has been determined near 5.9 % in volume fraction. This value is consistent with their moderate aspect ratio (between 12 and 28). Size and morphology of silver nanoplates are suitable for their dispersion in the sizing. Carbon fiber has been coated with conductive sizing. Carbon fiber will be further impregnated by a PAEK thermoplastic matrix. A higher conductivity level has been achieved by introducing silver nanowires in the PAEK matrix. Structural composites consisting of matrix-silver nanowires / continuous carbon fiber sized with conductive sizing have been elaborated. Their electrical conductivity reached 7 S.m-1 for a total silver volume fraction of 1 %.vol
Cromer, Bob E. "An analysis of the critical factors affecting the continued development of fiber as an art form." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/520473.
Full textHuneault, Mathieu. "Investigation numérique de l'instabilité Raman dans les lasers à fibre optique dopée à l'ytterbium en régime continu de haute puissance." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34745.
Full textContinuous high-power ytterbium-doped fiber lasers have an increasing market share formetal processing applications. Despite their widespread use, these lasers still suffer a ma-jor problem. At high power, stimulated Raman scattering shifts the power from the main emission wavelength around 1070 nm to the first Raman Stokes sideband around 1120 nm. This process is called Raman instability. The shifted power becomes useless and can even be dangerous for both the laser system and its users. Previous experimental and theoretical analyses have failed to provide clear explanations on the link between the Raman instability and the parameters of the ytterbium-doped optical fiber and the fiber Bragg gratings forming the laser cavity. The goal of this master’s degree project was to develop a simulation model for continuous high-power ytterbium-doped fiber lasers in order to identify and understand how the parameters of the laser cavity affect the Raman instability and to find cavity configurations that reduce it. This master’s thesis presents the two simulation models developed during this project. The first model considers unidirectionnal propagation of the laser signal while the second one considers bidirectionnal propagation. The latter is thus a more realistic model of such lasers.The typical simulated setup is made of a double-clad ytterbium-doped fiber with a large mode area, a high reflectivity Bragg grating and a low reflectivity Bragg grating that isused as output coupler. The simulations allowed to identify five cavity parameters having an impact on the Raman instability. A low average power, a short gain fiber, a counter-propagation pumping setup as well as a low reflectivity and a large reflective bandwidth for the fiber Bragg grating used as the output coupler help minimizing the Raman instability.The optimisation of these parameters creates a laser cavity with an extremely low power shift to the Raman Stokes sideband. The low Raman instability seems to be caused by a lower intra-cavity power, a shorter propagation distance and fast power modulations in thesignal. Incorporating a filter in the cavity, using a nonlinear reflector as output coupler or using a setup that includes a low-power master oscillator in combination with a high-power amplifier have also been simulated and show a reduction of the Raman instability.
Fouchier, Nathan. "Approche intégrée pour estimer la durée de vie en fatigue de pièces thermoplastiques renforcés fibres courtes dans un cadre viscoélastique haute température." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESMA0017/document.
Full textThe employment of short glass fibres reinforced thermoplastics is increasing in the automotive industry for hot environment applications. The design of components in such conditions and with this type of materials under fatigue loading must be optimized using a fatigue life assessment methodology. The heterogeneous fibres orientation distribution (FOD), due to the injection process should be considered.This work, funded by the Direction Générale de l’Armement et Région Poitou-Charentes, suggests an integrated approach from the injection process simulation to the assessment of the fatigue life at 110°C of injected components in a viscoelastic framework.The methodology here advanced is called “Through Process Modelling” (TPM). From the FOD in the component given by the injection simulation, the anisotropic effective local properties are estimated using viscoelastic homogenisation. The heterogeneous mechanical fields obtained by finite element simulations, for different types/levels of loading, are post-processed in order to get the input equivalent mechanical quantity of an energetic fatigue criterion giving the fatigue life of the component in each of these loading conditions.The identification of the fatigue criterion parameters and the validation of the whole methodology rely on an experimental fatigue database for a PA66GF30. Uniaxial tensile fatigue tests are carried out at 110°C in a climatic chamber, for 2 stress ratios (R = 0,1 and R = -1) and at 2Hz. They are performed for specimens cut out from injected plates with different orientations with respect to the flow direction.The methodology leads to very good predictions. The influence of the prediction of the FOD, input of the calculation chain, on the results is discussed
ADAMCZAK, LOIC. "Etude du vieillissement hygrothermique de 3 thermoplastiques a l'etat massique et renforces de fibres de verre continues." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0729.
Full textSibellas, Aurélien. "Cordes textiles torsadées à fibres continues : Caractérisation de la structure et modélisation du comportement mécanique en extension." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI017.
Full textTwisted continuous filament yarns are commonly used as reinforcements in a wide variety of industrial applications and more specifically as reinforcements in tyre rubber. The yarns concerned are made of nylon, polyester or aramid fibres by twisting them together (from 200 to 1000 fibres of the same material) to obtain what is called a single yarn. The assembly of two or three single yarns by twisting them together makes it possible to build a multiply yarn that will be called hybrid if the initial single yarns are made of different fibres. All configurations give a wide range of possible mechanical properties involving the effects of the material's behaviour, the local orientation of the fibres and the transverse pressures inducing an imbalance in the case of the presence of different types of fibres. This thesis presents a precise structural study of fiber orientations by X-ray microtomography of single and multiply yarns and an original tool to analyze the spatial frequencies characteristic of fiber trajectories. A mechanical model of single yarn in extension from the literature is enriched from this work supported by an additional experimental study of their lateral contraction under extension. The influence of the disorder of the initial fibre bundle on the mechanical behaviour of the final single yarns is analysed numerically by the finite element method by simulating the physical process taking place during twisting. Finally, a general mechanical model is proposed to predict the mechanical behaviour in extension of the hybrid multiply yarns, consisting of three single yarns showing different torsions
Guzman, Maldonado Eduardo. "Modélisation et simulation de la mise en forme des composites préimprégnés à matrice thermoplastiques et fibres continues." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI015/document.
Full textPre-impregnated thermoplastic composites are widely used in the aerospace industry for their excellent mechanical properties, impact resistance and fatigue strength all at lower density than other common materials. In recent years, the automotive industry has shown increasing interest in the manufacturing processes of thermoplastic-matrix composites materials, especially in thermoforming techniques for their rapid cycle times and the possible use of pre-existing equipment. An important step in the prediction of the mechanical properties and technical feasibility of parts with complex geometry is the use of modelling and numerical simulations of these forming processes which can also be capitalized to optimize manufacturing practices.This work offers an approach to the simulation of thermoplastic prepreg composites forming. The proposed model is based on convolution integrals defined under the principles of irreversible thermodynamics and within a hyperelastic framework. The simulation of thermoplastic prepreg forming is achieved by alternate thermal and mechanical analyses. The thermal properties are obtained from a mesoscopic analysis and a homogenization procedure. The comparison of the simulation with an experimental thermoforming of a part representative of automotive applications shows the efficiency of the approach
Siqueira, Jonathas de Paula. "Implementação da técnica de varredura-Z com luz branca supercontínua gerada em fibras fotônicas na determinação do espectro de não linearidades." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-19052008-134644/.
Full textIn this dissertation, we proposed a method that combines the Z-scan technique and the white-light continuum generated by a photonic crystal fiber to characterize the nonlinear spectrum of materials. The nonlinear spectrum provides crucial information on the characteristic, the origin and the potential of the nonlinearity for devices application. In this sense, the white-light continuum allied to the Z-scan technique allows fast spectra determination in a broad spectral range. In this work, the white light was generated in a commercial photonic crystal fiber pumped by femtosecond pulses from a Ti:sapphire laser oscillator. Both the femtosecond lasers and the photonic crystal fibers are becoming more accessible. In addition, the Z-scan technique is a well-known method for nonlinearities determination due to its simplicity and precision. In this way, we merged these advantages to make a simple, compact and low-cost apparatus for studying nonlinear samples. In general, the nonlinear spectrum determination requires complex laser systems which are able to tune the wavelength. The white-light Z-scan method we developed here was used to measure the nonlinear spectrum of disperse red 13 (DR13) dye in methanol. This dye presents a well-characterized absorcive nonlinear effect (saturable absorption), being a good material not only to calibrate, but also to test our experimental setup. The experimental results confirmed the viability of the setup for characterizing samples with strong nonlinear absorption effect.
Hassan, Noha Mohamed. "Damage Development in Static and Dynamic Deformations of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Plates." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30171.
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Nciri, Mariem. "Modélisation du comportement des composites à fibres courtes non-alignées en dynamique." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0016/document.
Full textShort fibre-reinforced composites are commonly used in a variety of engineering applications, including automotive and aerospace industry. Today, their use is progressively extended to parts possibly subjected to severe loading conditions (e.g. crash...), characterised by high strain rates. Therefore, an efficient modelling that takes into account material’s specificities at a large strain rate range is needed. A constitutive model of viscous behaviour of short-fibre reinforced composites (SFRC) where complex distributions of fibre orientations are taken into account is proposed in this work. The approach considered for the computation of composite macroscopic behavior is based on an additive decomposition of the state potential. The SFRC is assimilated to an assembly of several fibre media embedded in a polymeric matrix medium. One of the main assets of this approach is the possibility to model reinforcement with complex distributions of fibre orientations. Moreover, this decomposition allows the implementation of complex behaviour laws coupled with damage models. The polymeric matrix behaviour is typically strain-rate sensitive, i.e. viscoelastic-viscoplastic. This property has to be taken into account when the modelling of the composite behaviour over a large range of strain rate is intended. Therefore, a viscoelastic constitutive model, based on generalised Maxwell model, and a viscoplastic correction scheme, based on an overstress approach, are implemented for matrix material. The developed constitutive model is then coupled to two damage laws. The first one is introduced in the framework of Continuum Damage Mechanics in order to model the anisotropic ductile damage behaviour of the matrix material. The second one deals with fibre/matrix interfacial degradation through an interfacial debonding law. In order to identify the parameters involved in the present model, experimental tests are performed (case of polypropylene reinforced with short glass fibres). Microcomputed tomography is used for the characterisation of the fibres distribution of orientation. The efficiency of the proposed model is demonstrated by comparisons between numerical and experimental responses in different loading conditions, including dynamic loadings
Pérez, Sergio. "Modélisation du séchage en continu d'une nappe de fibres sur un tambour métallique chauffé par induction électrique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0034/NQ67588.pdf.
Full textPérez, Sergio A. "Modélisation du séchage en continu d'une nappe de fibres sur un tambour métallique chauffé par induction électrique." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Find full textPérez, Sergio A. "Modélisation du séchage en continu d'une nappe de fibres sur un tambour métallique chauffé par induction électrique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1720.
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