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Journal articles on the topic 'Fibre coton'
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1
Bourgou, Larbouga, Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga, Sidiki K. Diane, and Denys Sanfo. "Evaluation et sélection d’une variété de cotonnier (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) au Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 3 (June 18, 2020): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.18.
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Le coton du Burkina Faso est presqu’entièrement exporté ; les variétés cultivées doivent régulièrement répondre aux exigences du marché. Une fratrie de lignées de cotonnier a été comparée à deux variétés, FK37 et Stam 59A, respectivement dans les zones cotonnières humides et sèches de 2006 à 2009, pour mettre en exergue celle qui améliore les performances agronomiques et technologiques de fibre de ces témoins. A l’issue d’évaluations multilocales, FK64 et FK69 ont été identifiées comme de potentielles nouvelles variétés et testées en milieu paysan. Dans les zones humides, FK64 et FK69 n’ont pas apporté d’amélioration significative ; il est inopportun de les y vulgariser. Dans les zones sèches, FK64 a le mieux performé et a été retenue pour y être vulgarisée. Elle apporte un surplus en pourcentage fibre (+ 0,41%) et en seed index (+ 0,35 g). Aussi, elle apparait meilleure que Stam 59A pour la longueur (+ 1,44 mm) et la ténacité (+ 1,90 g/tex), deux caractéristiques déterminantes du marketing de la fibre. Avec la suspension du coton Bt et le retour à la culture conventionnelle, FK64 lancée en culture commerciale a convaincu. Elle pourrait être candidate à la transformation en cas de retour dans la technologie Bt.Mots clés: Evaluations multilocales, tests variétaux, caractéristiques agronomiques, caractéristiques technologiques, Burkina Faso.
English Title: Assessment and selection of a cultivar of cotton (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Burkina Faso
Cotton produced in Burkina Faso is almost entirely exported; so cultivars must be developed following the market demand. A sibling of cotton lines was compared to two varieties, FK37 and Stam 59A, respectively in humid and dry cotton production areas between 2006 and 2009 to highlight which one enhances agronomic and fiber quality performances compared to the local control. After multilocation trials, FK64 and FK69 were highlighted as promising news varieties then evaluated under farmer’s conditions of production. In the humid areas, FK64 as well as FK69 did not bring any significant improvement; it was not recommended to release any of them there. In the dry production areas, FK64 performed better, then it was retained to be possibly popularized. It brings a surplus in terms of ginning out turn (+ 0,41%) and seed index (+ 0,35 g). Moreover, it outperformed Stam 59A in fiber length (+ 1,44 mm) and strength (+ 1,90 g/tex), two major cotton fiber marketing properties. At the morrow of the suspension of the Bt cotton and back to conventional production, FK64 was launched in commercial production and it convinced. It could be aspirant to Bt introgression in case country resumes back to the technology.Keywords: multilocation trials, varietal trials, agronomical characteristics, fiber properties, Burkina Faso.
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Dugué, Patrick, Edmond N. Kohio, and Justin Tiemtoré. "L’agriculture burkinabè face à la crise de la Covid-19 : cas des régions du Yatenga et des Hauts-Bassins." Cahiers Agricultures 30 (2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2021002.
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Au début de la crise sanitaire due à la Covid-19, certains observateurs ont alerté les décideurs d’une possible crise alimentaire dans les mois à venir en Afrique de l’Ouest. En vue d’alimenter ce débat, nous avons mené une étude en nous entretenant avec 75 acteurs du secteur agricole dans deux régions du Burkina Faso − le Yatenga et les Hauts-Bassins. Dans les deux situations, les agriculteurs et les éleveurs ont pu continuer leurs activités mais certains ont eu des difficultés de commercialisation. Les maraîchers et les arboriculteurs ont été les plus touchés par cette crise du fait des difficultés à écouler leurs produits périssables sur les marchés ouest-africains. Les éleveurs ont été moins concernés par la baisse des prix mais les commerçants de bétail sur pied ont aussi rencontré des difficultés à exporter vers les pays côtiers. Enfin, les sociétés cotonnières ont dû faire face à une baisse du prix international du coton-fibre et les producteurs de coton ont dû faire face à une baisse du prix d’achat du coton-graine à la fin de 2020. Malgré cette crise, l’agriculture burkinabè a continué à jouer pleinement son rôle nourricier grâce à la mobilisation des agriculteurs, des commerçants et des transporteurs, même si elle montre des fragilités dues à sa forte dépendance aux marchés extérieurs pour entre autres les légumes, le bétail, le coton, les mangues, l’anacarde et les intrants agricoles et d’élevage. Cette crise permet de réfléchir à des axes d’intervention afin de rendre l’agriculture burkinabè moins dépendante des marchés extérieurs et des facteurs de production importés. Cela implique la substitution des produits alimentaires importés par des produits locaux et une transition agroécologique permettant de réduire l’importation d’intrants de synthèse.
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Amonmidé, Isidore, Pierre Bienvenu Irénikatché Akponikpè, and Gustave Dieudonné Dagbénonbakin. "Réponse du cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L.) à la fertilisation minérale dans diverses zones agro-écologiques : revue quantitative." BASE, no. 2 (2021): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.19016.
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Description du sujet. La réponse du cotonnier à la fertilisation minérale a été évaluée à travers une revue quantitative. Objectifs. Il s’agissait de (i) faire une synthèse des données disponibles sur la réponse du cotonnier à la fertilisation, (ii) modéliser le rendement en fonction des niveaux de fertilisants appliqués et (iii) identifier les facteurs environnementaux qui influencent la réponse du cotonnier à la fertilisation. Méthode. Une analyse quantitative de 71 publications scientifiques (930 traitements, témoins compris) a été effectuée afin de collecter les données de rendements en coton graine et en coton fibre à travers une recherche documentaire dans les bibliothèques scientifiques en ligne sur les pratiques de fertilisation du cotonnier suivant des critères bien définis. Un modèle linéaire à effet mixte a été utilisé avec le logiciel R.3.6.1 pour la comparaison de la réponse du cotonnier aux diverses doses de fertilisants minéraux. Résultats. Dans 95 % des cas, cette étude a montré une réponse positive du cotonnier à la fertilisation minérale. Les doses de nutriments appliquées ont significativement affecté la réponse du cotonnier et l’efficience agronomique de l’azote (AE-N, p < 0,05). Cependant, le type de sol, la pluviométrie et l’altitude n’ont pas significativement influencé la réponse du cotonnier, mais ont significativement affecté l’AE-N. La combinaison de N, P et K a enregistré les meilleurs ratios de réponse et de l’AE-N comparativement à l’application exclusive de l’azote ou sa combinaison avec le phosphore ou le potassium. Conclusions. Cette étude suggère l’application combinée des éléments majeurs (N, P, K) à des doses modérées afin d’améliorer l’efficience d’utilisation des nutriments en culture cotonnière. Les conditions pédoclimatiques n’ont pas significativement affecté la réponse du cotonnier, mais ont significativement influencé l’AE-N.
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Ortega, Raquel, Mario D. Monzón, Zaida C. Ortega, and Eoin Cunningham. "Study and fire test of banana fibre reinforced composites with flame retardance properties." Open Chemistry 18, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0025.
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AbstractThe interest in natural fibre reinforced composites is growing in industrial applications due to natural fibres being an attractive alternative to synthetic fibres. However, it is necessary to improve the fire behaviour of the material because natural fibres have a high combustibility. The objective of this work is to evaluate the fire resistance of polymer composites reinforced with natural fibre fabric, using magnesium hydroxide as flame retardant for the polymeric matrix and alkali treatment for the fibre. The types of fabric are banana, banana with cotton and linen; and long banana fibre has been used for the formation of a nonwoven. The fire test is carried out based on ISO 9773 standard and the effect of the additive has been studied, chemical treatment, type of fabric and number of layers. Through statistical analysis, it is concluded that the flame propagation speed has a decreasing relation with respect to the percentage, but it decreases the mechanical properties considerably. In addition, the number of layers and type of fabric influence the fire properties. Finally, it is concluded that composites reinforced with linen fabric have the best mechanical properties, but banana nonwoven with 60% additive has the best fire behaviour.
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Masood, Ammara, Hira Mubeen, and Nadia Iqbal. "Sequence Analysis and Expression Study of LTP7 Promoter Isolated from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 62, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.62.3.2019.148.158.
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Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) have role in transfer of phospholipids along biological membranes. A cotton LTP7 promoter was isolated using high throughput genomic sequences (HTGS) data base. Analysis of promoter nucleotide sequence revealed a number of crucial regulatory elements including core promoter elements. A 1.8 kb fragment of LTP7 promoter was isolated from genomic DNA of cotton and finally cloned in plant expression vector to characterize its functionality. Transient GUS assay revealed that promoter showed expression in cotton fibres during the time of elongation and different stages of secondary cell wall synthesis. Deletion analysis at 5' end showed that 1 kb promoter showed strong expression during stage of secondary cell wall synthesis. Whereas, 1.5 kb deletion fragment exhibited less strong expression in cotton fibres. Results of this present study, showed that 1 kb deletion fragment and 1.8 kb LTP7 promoter exhibits fibre specific expression and may be used to express fiber genes in cotton.
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Chakraborty, Shankar, and Siddhartha Bandhopadyay. "Cotton fibre selection and grading – a PROMETHEE-GAIA-based approach." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 646–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-12-2016-0137.
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Purpose In spinning industries, selection of the most appropriate fibre for yarn manufacturing plays an important role for achieving an optimal mix of several yarn characteristics, like maximum tenacity, elasticity and spinning ability; and minimum unevenness and hairiness. Identification of the best suited cotton fibre from a set of available alternatives in presence of different conflicting physical properties is often treated as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the preference ranking organisation method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) and geometrical analysis for interactive aid (GAIA) methods are integrated to solve a cotton fibre selection problem. The PROMETHEE II method ranks the alternative cotton fibres based on their net outranking flows, whereas GAIA acts as a visual aid to strongly support the derived selection decision. The weight stability intervals for all the considered fibre properties (criteria) over which the position of the top-ranked cotton fibre remains unchanged are also determined. Findings The clusters of cotton fibres formed in the developed GAIA plane act as a yard stick for their appropriate grading to aid the blending process. The ranking of 17 cotton fibres as achieved applying the combined PROMETHEE-GAIA approach highly corroborates with the observations of the past researchers which proves its immense potentiality and applicability in solving fibre selection problems. Originality/value Two MCDM methods in the form of PROMETHEE II and GAIA are integrated to provide a holistic approach for cotton fibre grading and selection while taking into consideration all the available cotton fibre properties.
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Masood, Ammara, Nadia Iqbal, and Hira Mubeen. "Review A Short Review of Promoters of Cotton Fibre Genes: Strength and Tissue Specificity." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 63, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.63.2.2020.127.131.
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Promoters are of great importance for controlling gene expression. There are various regulatory regions within promoters which are crucial for expression specificity. Depending upon mode of expression, promoters can be divided into constitutive, tissue/developmental stage specific or inducible promoters. For expression of certain gene, there is interplay of cis acting element located on promoter and transcription factors. Cotton fibre promoters are of great importance in biotechnology as these may be used to express fibre genes in cotton fibres specifically. Although most of cotton fibre gene promoters show expression in fibres but some of them also exhibit expression in various other organs like trichomes, pedicles and vascular tissues. Due to difficulties in somatic embryogenesis in cotton, these promoters are mostly studied in heterologous systems like Arabidopsis and tobacco. In this article, expression pattern of some cotton fibre genes promoters have been reviewed.
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Aronsson, Julia, and Anders Persson. "Tearing of post-consumer cotton T-shirts and jeans of varying degree of wear." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502090132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020901322.
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The demand for textile fibres is growing quickly. However, global cotton production has stabilized around 25 Mton/year. This is a sound development since cotton cultivation causes major sustainable development issues. Even if regenerated cellulose fibre production steadily grows, it is still only from a sixth to a fifth of cotton volumes. Hence, it is essential to find resource-efficient routes to generate alternatives to virgin cotton. There are many promising research initiatives that discover the possibility to utilize waste streams of neat cotton and cotton in fibre blends as raw materials for dissolving pulp for regeneration into, for example, viscose or Lyocell. However, there is a much simpler and energy-efficient route at hand. If fabrics are disintegrated mechanically, the separated fibres can be turned into yarn again. However, since fibre length is a key parameter to accomplish strong and durable textiles, fibre length loss upon tearing should be minimized. This study evaluates how fibre length distribution alters upon tearing of post-consumer cotton waste of two different constructions: denim and single jersey; and different degrees of wear, rendering four different fractions: (1) barely worn denim, (2) rather worn denim, (3) barely worn single-jersey and (4) rather worn single-jersey. Before tearing, the garments were dissembled, their yarns were characterized, fibre length distributions were manually determined for (1)–(4). Length analysis of the recovered fibres after tearing revealed that the length drop was most severe for (a) the finer single-jersey and (b) the barely worn fractions. The findings suggest that significant wear does not exclude from mechanical recycling.
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Günaydin, Gizem Karakan, Ali Serkan Soydan, and Sema Palamutçu. "Evaluation of Cotton Fibre Properties in Compact Yarn Spinning Processes and Investigation of Fibre and Yarn Properties." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 3(129) (June 30, 2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7299.
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Fibre properties are influential factors for yarn properties. Cotton, whose physical properties vary depending on the cultivation region, is still a very common fibre used in the textile industry. Properties such as fibre length, fineness, strength and maturity affect yarn tensility, evenness, imperfections and hairiness. Four different 100% cotton blends were used as raw material (American cotton, Aegean cotton, Urfa cotton, Greek cotton) to be converted into 20 tex compact yarns separately. HVI parameters of each blend type starting from the bale until the 2nd drawing passage machine revealed that yarn processing stages and machinery are influential factors for fibre the properties of fibres that are produced on a spinning line. Additionally ANOVA tests supported the idea that the evenness, tensility, yarn imperfections, and hairiness parameter of yarns produced from various cotton blends were statistically different. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) and the Correlation Matrix were also applied in order to analyse the relationship between fibre properties and compact yarn properties of different blends.
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Sumithra, Murugesan, and Gayathri Murugan. "Extraction and characterization of natural fibres form Elettaria Cardamomum." Tekstilna industrija 69, no. 2 (2021): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tekstind2102030s.
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Natural fibres are one of the good alternative sources for replacing synthetic fibres and reinforcing polymer matrices because of their eco-friendly nature. The present study was undertaken to investigate the fibres extract from Elettaria Cardamomum plant. The extracted Elettaria Cardamomum fibre was treated with NaOH for softening. Natural cellulose fibres extracted from Elettaria Cardamomum stems (ECS) have been characterized for their chemical composition and physical properties.The chemical composition of Elettaria Cardamomumstems (ECS) fi bres is, cellulose 60.44%, lignin 25.25%, wax 0.53%, ash 5.45%. Regarding physical properties of the fibres, single fibre strength was evaluated and the result was compared with cotton fibre and linen fibre.
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Ruan, Yong-Ling. "Recent advances in understanding cotton fibre and seed development." Seed Science Research 15, no. 4 (December 2005): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005217.
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The unique feature of the seed of tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) is that about 30% of the seed coat epidermal cells develop into cellulose-enriched fibres, while the embryos synthesize oils and proteins. Hence, both the maternal and filial tissues of the cotton seed are of significant economic value. After initiation from the ovule epidermis at or just before anthesis, the single-celled fibres elongate to 2.5–6.0 cm long in the tetraploid species before they switch to intensive secondary cell wall cellulose synthesis. Thus, apart from its agronomic importance, the cotton fibre represents a model single-cell system to study the control of cell differentiation and elongation, carbon partitioning to cellulose synthesis and also the interaction between maternal (fibre) and embryonic tissues in seeds. Over the past decade or so, significant effort has been made to understand the cellular and molecular basis of cotton fibre development and oil biosynthesis in the embryo. Metabolic engineering of the oil biosynthetic pathway in cotton seed has successfully produced healthier and stable oils. A number of candidate genes and cellular processes that potentially regulate various aspects of fibre development have been identified. Further elucidation of the in vivo functions of those candidate genes could significantly deepen our understanding of fibre development and offer potential for improvement of fibre quality through genetic engineering or marker-assisted breeding approaches.
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Mohd Kassim, Angzzas Sari, Ashuvila Mohd Aripin, Nadiah Ishak, and Muhd Hafeez Zainulabidin. "Cogon Grass as an Alternative Fibre for Pulp and Paper-Based Industry: On Chemical and Surface Morphological Properties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1242.
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The increasing demand in wood fibre consumptions especially in pulp and paper making has pushed forward the search for alternative fibre resources. Non-wood derived fibre could be good candidates due to its abundance availability. Agriculture residues or non-wood annual plants are good potential fibre resource for pulp and paper making. The objective of this study is to determine the suitability of cogon grass as an alternative fibre for pulp and paper making by analysing its chemical and surface morphological properties. The holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, 1% NaOH solubility, hot water solubility and ash contents were quantified to analyse its chemical characteristics. Quantification of chemical compositions was conducted in accordance with relevant Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) Tests, Kurscher-Hoffner and Chlorite methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the surface morphology of the cogon grass fibre. Results obtained indicate that the holocellulose (64.93%) content is comparable with other published non-woods and the lignin (5.67%) content is favourably the lowest. In addition, the hot water and 1% NaOH solubilities are (3.83%) and (19.64%) respectively. SEM images show that cogon grass fibres contained abundance and long fibres which provide good strength of the produced handsheet. Based on the chemical and surface morphological properties analyses, cogon grass is a good alternative fibre resource especially for pulp and paper making industries.
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Sivia, Sukhdeep Singh, S. S. Siwach, O. Sangwan, and Sunayana . "Development of superior hybrids for fibre quality based on heterosis and combining ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 2, no. 02 (November 18, 2017): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2017.2.2.14.
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The cultivated Gossypium spp. represents the most important, natural fibre crop in the world. Breeding for high cotton yield is still the primary goal of cotton breeding programs, but improving fibre quality has become increasingly important. The enhancement of fibre quality traits like fibre length, strength, and fibre fineness is an essential requirement for the modern textile industry. The objective of this study was to facilitate the selection in cotton breeding program and estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids considered for the development of high yielding and better fiber quality in early generations. The study was carried out at cotton research area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) during 2014 and 2015 kharif season. Fifteen cotton lines (which have maximum diversity) and four testers (which are known as well adapted and high yielding) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2014. Nineteen genotypes and 60 F1 hybrids were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications at the same experimental area in 2015. The ratio of δ2 GCA /δ2 SCA was less than unity for all the nine characters indicating preponderance of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis), which is an important in exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding. The best general combining ability was detected from the parent H1470 for seed cotton yield, H1464 and H1098-i for fiber quality traits. SCA was significant for AC726 x H1236, ISR12 x H1226, HR1 x H1117 hybrid combinations for yield and fiber quality. The crosses H1470 x H1236 and H1470 x H1098-i were reported good heterosis for seed cotton yield as well as for fibre quality, selected the best hybrids were H1464 x H1098-i and H1463 x H1226. These cross combinations involved at least one parent with high or average GCA effect for a particular trait. The cross combination involving H1470, H1098-i and H1464 parents’ recorded significant positive heterosis with acceptable SCA effect for both yield and fibre quality parameters. This investigation concluded that the parents H1470, H1098-i and H1464 can be used in hybrid development programme with better fibre quality.
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Yilmaz, Demet, Sinem Yelkovan, and Yasir Tirak. "Comparison of the Effects of Different Cotton Fibre Wastes on Different Yarn Types." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (August 31, 2017): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2340.
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In order to make a contribution to the reduction of raw material costs, in the present study the effect of reused cotton fibres on the quality of conventional ring and OE-rotor yarns was investigated. In the yarn production, it three different waste fibres were taken from a cotton yarn production line and blended with primary cotton fibres at five different levels varying from 5% to 40%. In literature, studies have concentrated on the usage of recovered waste fibre in OE-rotor yarn production. However, to date there has been limited extensive and comparative research on the effect of recovered fibre quality on different yarn properties to determine the possibility of high-quality yarn production from reused fibres. In the study, we focused on the effect of different waste types as well as the amount of waste in the blends on the properties of different yarn types.
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Ahmad, Faheem, Muhammad Tausif, Muhammad Zahid Hassan, Sheraz Ahmad, and Mumtaz H. Malik. "Mechanical and comfort properties of hydroentangled nonwovens from comber noil." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 8 (June 17, 2017): 2014–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083717716168.
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Cotton is one of the most important commodity fibres and is widely employed in apparels. At present, the share of natural fibres in production of nonwoven fabrics is low and are used in opt applications. The cotton fibre is conventionally converted into woven and knitted fabrics by short staple spinning methods. The comber noil is short fibre waste produced when cotton yarns are combed. The aims of the current study were to employ comber noil for the preparation of hydroentangled cotton nonwovens at varying water jet pressures and conveyor speeds. The effect of these parameters was studied with respect to mechanical and comfort properties of the prepared fabrics. The results showed that these variables can help to manufacture fibrous assemblies with engineered properties, according to required application area.
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Mburu, Ann Wairimu, Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi, and Joseph Kinyanjui Muiruri. "Influence of gin trash bacteria broth treatment on cotton fibres." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 24, no. 3 (June 26, 2020): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-10-2019-0051.
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Purpose Bacterial exopolysaccharides (eps) have fascinating chemical compositions, properties and structures which could be used in the modification of natural fibres. Bacterial eps have therefore been used to modify plant cellulose fibre surface and impart desired properties. The purpose of this paper is therefore to investigate the influence of gin trash cultured bacteria eps on the physical and structural properties of cotton fibres. Design/methodology/approach Gin trash soil sample was collected from a ginnery in Kenya, and physiochemical and microbial characterization was done. The soil sample was then fermented for 24 h before being used to treat raw cotton fibres at varied conditions of temperature, pH and treatment time periods. Physical and structural properties of the treated fibres were then determined using USTER HVI-1000 M700, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compared with those of the raw fibres. Findings The bacteria broth treated fibres were found to have increased in strength, spinning consistency index, elongation and fineness by 25.44, 24.30, 11.70 and 3.60%, respectively. The variations were attributed to interactions of bacterial eps with cotton cellulose through hydrogen bonding. SEM and XRD analysis revealed an increase in fibre surface roughness and crystallinity, respectively. Originality/value Bacterial eps have been used to modify plant cellulose fibre surface and impart desired properties. Eps producing bacteria have been isolated from different habitats such as saline water, soil samples, food wastes and petroleum-contaminated soil. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, bacterial eps cultured from gin trash soil sample for modification of cotton fibres have however not been previously done, hence the originality of the current study.
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Ruan, Yong-Ling, Danny J. Llewellyn, and Robert T. Furbank. "Pathway and control of sucrose import into initiating cotton fibre cells." Functional Plant Biology 27, no. 9 (2000): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp99154.
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This paper originates from a presentation at the International Conference on Assimilate Transport and Partitioning, Newcastle, NSW, August 1999 Our aim is to unravel the mechanisms controlling fibre cell initiation from the epidermis of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ovules. We compared the development of fibres and trichomes in wild type cotton and a fibreless seed (fls) mutant, and determined the cellular pathway of sucrose transport into fibre initials on the day of anthesis. Although fibre initiation is inhibited in the fls mutant, leading to the fibreless phenotype, trichome development in other parts of the plant is normal. Confocal imaging analysis revealed that the fluorescent molecule, 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein, which is transported symplastically, moved readily from the integument phloem into initiating fibres. Plasmolysis studies showed that the fibre initials and adjacent non-initiating ovule epidermal cells have similar osmotic potential. Immunolocalisation analysis showed the absence of sucrose transporter proteins in the initiating fibre, but their abundance in the transfer cell precursors at the innermost integument. These results (i) demonstrate that fibre cell initiation is controlled by unique mechanism(s) that differ from that for normal trichome development; (ii) show a symplastic pathway of sucrose import into initiating fibres and strengthen the current opinion that sucrose synthase is likely to be the key enzyme mobilising sucrose into initiating fibres; and (iii) suggest that the initial protrusion of the fibre cells above the ovule surface is largely achieved by increased cell wall extensibility rather than higher turgor as is commonly thought.
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Farooq, Assad, Muhammad Ilyas Sarwar, Muhammad Azeem Ashraf, Danish Iqbal, Azmat Hussain, and Samander Malik. "Predicting Cotton Fibre Maturity by Using Artificial Neural Network." Autex Research Journal 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0024.
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Abstract Cotton fibre maturity is the measure of cotton’s secondary cell wall thickness. Both immature and over-mature fibres are undesirable in textile industry due to the various problems caused during different manufacturing processes. The determination of cotton fibre maturity is of vital importance and various methods and techniques have been devised to measure or calculate it. Artificial neural networks have the power to model the complex relationships between the input and output variables. Therefore, a model was developed for the prediction of cotton fibre maturity using the fibre characteristics. The results of predictive modelling showed that mean absolute error of 0.0491 was observed between the actual and predicted values, which show a high degree of accuracy for neural network modelling. Moreover, the importance of input variables was also defined.
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Sultanov, K. S., S. I. Ismoilova, and S. E. Tulanov. "COTTON YARN BREAKING MECHANISM UNDER STRETCHING." Technologies & Quality, no. 3 (2019): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2019-3-45-17-21.
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Topical issues of textile yarn breakage in technological processes are considered in the paper. Based on a comparative analysis of cotton yarns specific breaking load with cotton fibre specific breaking load obtained in experiments, it was concluded that when the yarn breaks, the cotton fibres do not. This conclusion contradicts hypothesis of Aleksey Solov'yov that some of the cotton fibres are torn when the yarn is stretched to a break. Experimental results show that when the yarn is stretched to a break, all cotton fibres slip out of the yarn. So, the main force of resistance to external tensile force is the friction force between the fibres in the yarn. These results require the study of internal forces in the yarn at the meso-structural level. Experimental and theoretical studies of the meso-mechanics of cotton yarn can lead to new technologies for producing textile yarns of higher strength.
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Seçer, Müzeyyen, Ömer Lütfü Elmaci, and Şafak Ceylan. "The Effects of Organic Wastes on Soil and Cotton Quality with respect to the Risk of Boron and Heavy Metal Pollution." International Journal of Agronomy 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7438327.
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The effects on soil and cotton quality of organic wastes from medicinal and aromatic plant factories were investigated with regard to the risks of boron and heavy metal pollution. Oily cumin, oregano, oilless oregano wastes, and mineral fertilizers were applied to cotton in two field experiments performed in the years 2003 and 2006. The Pb content of the soil differed significantly in the 2003 experiment and oregano wastes had significantly decreasing effect. Boron of soil to which oily cumin wastes had been applied reached a toxic limit value in 2006. Boron in soil adversely affected long fibres; B in leaves had a positive effect on the fineness of fibres in 2006. Soil Ni adversely affected plant height in 2006 and seed cotton yield in 2003. Leaf Ni had an adverse effect on fibre elasticity in 2006. Soil Co increased ginning out-turn and Cr decreased the fibre fineness of cotton in 2003.
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Mikucioniene, Daiva, Lina Cepukone, Khalifah A. Salmeia, and Sabyasachi Gaan. "Comparative Analysis of Peat Fibre Properties and Peat Fibre-Based Knits Flammability." Autex Research Journal 19, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0033.
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Abstract A very promising cellulose-based natural fibre that is suitable for use in the textile industry is peat fibre. This fibre is a by-product of peat excavation, purified by separating it from other components. In this study, the morphological, chemical and mechanical properties of peat fibres as well as flammability of peat-based knitted fabrics were analysed. The average diameter of the peat fibres is ~60 μm, but it varies in very wide ranges – 25–150 μm; however, the number of fibres with diameter more than 100 μm is very low. As the peat fibre contains a high amount of lignin, lignin amount in the mixed peat/cotton yarn is relatively high too. Lignin is responsible for enhanced flame retardancy; therefore, time to ignition of the peat knit is ~30% higher than that of the cotton knit. Consequently, peat fibre can be used in the knitted structure in order to significantly reduce its flammability. In order to increase the flame retardancy, the knits have been treated by flame retardant in various concentrations. It was found that around the burned hole on the peat knit, treated by very low concentration flame retardant, forms charred area and the knit stops to burn even if the flame source is not removed.
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Yuan, Xiao Hong, Ying Jin Gan, Dong Sheng Chen, and Yuan Jing Ye. "Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Lotus Fibers." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 1905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1905.
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To understand the fundamental mechanical properties of lotus fiber could provide theoretical basis for developing lotus fiber fabric. This paper is focused on the mechanical properties of lotus fiber under the state of wet, dry and normal temperature, which include the single tensile properties, the repeated tensile stress properties under constant elongation, stress relaxation and creep properties, and have comparation and analysis on the cotton fiber and the viscose fiber. The conclusion shows that the lotus fiber and viscose fiber are more effect by humidity than the cotton fiber. The fibre strength of lotus fiber was the biggest than cotton fiber and viscose fiber under the normal temperature and dry state. The elongation at break of viscose fiber was the biggest than lotus fiber and cotton fiber under the state of wet, dry and normal temperature. From wet state to normal temperature state to dry state, the fiber strength of lotus fiber increase gradually, and elongation at break gradually decreased. The plastic deformation resistance ability, the stress relaxation and creep properties of bamboo pulp fiber under wet state are best, and the dry condition are the worst.
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Stankovic, Snezana, Dusan Popovic, and Goran Poparic. "Thermal properties of directionally oriented polymer fibrous materials as a function of fibre arrangement at mesoscopic level." Thermal Science 23, no. 5 Part B (2019): 3117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci181011105s.
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Thermal properties of directionally oriented fibrous materials have been investigated in this research with the purpose of considering the influence of fibre arrangement at mesoscopic level. The range of various distributions of fibres in the fibrous materials was obtained by applying different twist intensity during spinning of cotton fibres. From various twisted cotton yarns the knitted fabrics were produced under controlled conditions, so as to obtain as similar as possible constructions. This made possible to obtain the heterogeneity of the porous fibrous structures coming from the mesoscopic level. Thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of the materials were investigated. The results obtained indicate the arrangement of fibres (or their compactness, orientation and migration), which, in turn, was determined by twist intensity (mesoscopic scale), as the key factor influencing thermal properties. Yarn compactness and fibre migration, determined by lateral forces imposed by the twist inserted in yarn, affected variations in structural parameters of the knitted fabrics, and thus influenced their thermal properties. Fibre orientation manifested itself in surface geometry of the yarn was also proved to have a considerable influence on heat transfer properties.
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Eastwood, Martin. "Colonic diverticula." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62, no. 1 (February 2003): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2002233.
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Diverticulosis is a condition that is associated with ageing. The older the individual the more likely they are to have diverticulosis, but this process is not necessarily inevitable. Diverticula are a herniation through the wall of the sigmoid colon and are likely to be a consequence of a weakness in the colonic wall or prolonged exposure to increased intracolonic pressure consequent on a low dietary fibre intake. The tensile strength of the colon declines with age and becomes least in the distal colon. Adult Africans living in Africa eat a high-fibre diet and are free from diverticulosis. Their colons are stronger, wider and thinner than those Scottish adults of the same age. The strength of the colon is in part dependent on collagen fibres and their diameter. The collagen fibrils on the left side of the colon are smaller and more tightly packed than those of the right side of the colon. Ageing and the presence of colonic diverticulosis are associated with smaller more-tightly-packed collagen fibrils. An animal model was established to investigate the effect of a lifelong high- and low-fibre diet on the development of colonic diverticulosis. The findings show that a high-fibre diet from birth, and preferably a maternal high-fibre diet, lessen the risk of diverticulosis with age.
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Yusliza, Y., A. Zuraida, and Iis Sopyan. "Fracture Behavior of Natural Fiber Reinforced Biopolymer Matrix Composite." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 1189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.1189.
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The attention in natural fiber reinforced biopolymer composite materials has been rapidly growing both in terms of industrial applications and basic research. This study was addressed to the investigation of the impact properties and fracture behaviour of biodegradable composites made from egg albumen reinforced by natural cotton fibres. The albumen-cotton composites have been fabricated by hands lay-up technique at varied volume fiber fraction from 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 vol.% cotton. The specimens were cured at room temperature for a fixed time of 14 days to ensure the specimens are fully dried and harden, before being subjected to mechanical test. The cotton fibres have contributed in a significant improvement in fracture toughness of the composites. The obtained impact strength varied from 15.0 to 19.0 kJ/m2, and the fracture toughness varied from 0.7177 to 0.9453 J depending on vol.% cotton, with the optimum mechanical performance was obtained at 6 vol.% cotton. Morphological observation using SEM revealed that most of the fabricated specimens failed due to fiber breakage, pull out, and void growth.
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Chen, Li Na, Fan Rong Kong, and Rui Chao Xu. "Comparative Study on Mechanical Properties of Jutecell, Cotton and Bamboo Fiber Knitted Fabrics 20." Advanced Materials Research 627 (December 2012): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.627.33.
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In order to have a better understanding and using of the new type of regenerated flax fiber –Jutecell, Mechanical properties of three kinds of fabrics which knitted by Jutecell, cotton and bamboo fiber were tested, focusing on the stretching, bursting, abrasion-resistant and anti-pilling properties, through the comparison and analysis of the three kinds of fabrics, the results shown that: The strength of Jutecell fabric is the best, followed by regenerated bamboo fiber, natural cotton fibre is the worst. The stretching, bursting and abrasion-resistant of the fabrics knitted by Jutecell yarn are all better than that of the cotton and bamboo fiber knitted fabrics; but its anti-pilling performance is poor, a appropriate measure must be taken in the production process to reduce the pilling phenomenon of clothes made by Jutecell yarns.
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GOKANI, S. J., and V. S. THAKER. "Role of gibberellic acid in cotton fibre development." Journal of Agricultural Science 138, no. 3 (May 2002): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602001934.
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Fibres of three cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum H-4, H-8 and G. arboreum G. Cot-15) were analysed for growth in terms of fibre length and dry weight and endogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) content thrice during 1997–2000, at Rajkot. The development of cotton fibre was divided into four distinct growth phases but overlap between elongation and secondary thickening was considerable which suggests that both these phases are independent of each other. During fibre elongation, GA3 content remained low and increased after a decrease in the rate of fibre elongation in all three genotypes. The long staple cultivar (H-4) showed highest endogenous GA3 content followed by the middle one (H-8) and the short staple cultivar (G. Cot-15). In in vitro studies when GA3, NAA or GA3+NAA was supplemented to the media, increase in fibre length of the short staple cultivar was maximum, followed by the middle one and the long staple cultivar. Both in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that GA3 is one of the important factors that determine fibre length.
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Wang, Min, Hai Yan Luan, and Qiong Liu. "Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of BiVO4 Photocatalyst by Cotton Fiber Template Method." Advanced Materials Research 460 (February 2012): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.460.155.
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BiVO4 hollow nano-fiber photocatalytic material was prepared via two steps method of soaking and thermal transition using the cotton fiber as the template. The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and BET. The photocatalytic activity under visible light was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange(MO) in the solution. It was found that the samples calcinated at 400°C for 3.5 h had the hollow tube structure which is the copy of the cotton fibre structure and had the best photocatalytic activity. The decolorization rate of methyl orange can reach to be 97 % or so, increased 16 % than that of sample that prepared with no cotton fiber template. It indicated that the sample’s morphology and the specific surface area was the main reason of higher photocatalytic activity.
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Monga, D., and S. K. Sain. "Incidence and severity of cotton leaf curl virus disease on different BG II hybrids and its effect on the yield and quality of cotton crop." Journal of Environmental Biology 42, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/42/1/mrn-1296.
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Aim: To understand the effect of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease incidence and severity at various crop growth stages on Bollgaurd-II cotton hybrids having different levels of susceptibility and resistance and its effect on, seed cotton yield and fibre quality. Methodology: The effect of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) incidence, severity and its progress on highly resistant to susceptible cultivars was compared. The loss of seed cotton yield (SCY) corresponding to CLCuD incidence at 80 DAS, 81-110 DAS, 111-140 DAS was estimated separately in each hybrid. The loss of fibre quality corresponding to CLCuD incidence at seven different stages, i.e., 50 to 140 days after sowing (DAS) was also calculated. Results: The highest relative area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values of PDI were observed in Ankur 3028 (100%) and Ankur Jai BG II (83%), while the lowest values were recorded in highly resistant hybrids Yuva-841-2 (4.6%) and Bunty 2113-2 (13.8%). When the disease appeared up to 80 DAS compared to 110, 140 DAS the reduction range in SCY (4.6-62.4%), fibre length (23.9-29.9%), strength (21.4-30.1%) and uniformity (62.5-83%) was recorded to be higher in susceptible hybrids. The fibre length, strength, and uniformity were reduced in diseased plant (25.9 mm, 24.4 g/tex, 68.2%) when incidence took place at 50 DAS compared to disease-free plants (27.6mm, 25.9 g/tex, 72.9%). However, reduction in SCY, fiber length, fiber strength and uniformity at 80 DAS varied with respect to hybrid and their resistance category. Interpretation: These results provide the basis to prove the hypothesis that the yield loss is associated with the stage of CLCuD incidence and its severity in cotton hybrids with different levels of resistance as well as its genetic potential of a particular cotton cultivar. However, the extent of yield reduction within the resistant or susceptible category is also dependent on the yield potential of a particular cultivar. Thus, breeders must consider both the criteria-lower PDI /AUDPC and higher productivity to select high yielding cotton lines. Key words: Cotton, Disease index, Leaf Curl Disease, Virus
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Mariadason, J. M., A. Catto-Smith, and P. R. Gibson. "Modulation of distal colonic epithelial barrier function by dietary fibre in normal rats." Gut 44, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.44.3.394.
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BACKGROUNDDietary fibre influences the turnover and differentiation of the colonic epithelium, but its effects on barrier function are unknown.AIMSTo determine whether altering the type and amount of fibre in the diet affects paracellular permeability of intestinal epithelium, and to identify the mechanisms of action.METHODSRats were fed isoenergetic low fibre diets with or without supplements of wheat bran (10%) or methylcellulose (10%), for four weeks. Paracellular permeability was determined by measurement of conductance and 51Cr-EDTA flux across tissue mounted in Ussing chambers. Faecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were assessed by gas chromatography, epithelial kinetics stathmokinetically, and mucosal brush border hydrolase activities spectrophotometrically.RESULTSBody weight was similar across the dietary groups. Conductance and 51Cr-EDTA flux were approximately 25% higher in animals fed no fibre, compared with those fed wheat bran or methylcellulose in the distal colon, but not in the caecum or jejunum. Histologically, there was no evidence of epithelial injury or erosion associated with any diet. The fibres exerted different spectra of effects on luminal SCFA concentrations and pH, and on mucosal indexes, but both bulked the faeces, were trophic to the epithelium, and stimulated expression of a marker of epithelial differentiation.CONCLUSIONSBoth a fermentable and a non-fermentable fibre reduce paracellular permeability specifically in the distal colon, possibly by promoting epithelial cell differentiation. The mechanisms by which the two fibres exert their effects are likely to be different.
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Bhowmick, Manik, Arup Kumar Rakshit, and Sajal Kumar Chattopadhyay. "Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-09-2017-0044.
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Purpose Dref-3 friction spun core yarns produced using staple fibre yarn as the core, e.g. Jute core yarn wrapped with cotton fibre, have poorer mechanical properties compared to the core yarn itself. The purpose of this study was to understand the structure of such yarns, that will lead to the optimization of fibre, machine and process variables for production of better quality yarn from the Dref-3/3000 machines. Design/methodology/approach The Dref spinning trials were conducted following a full factorial design with six variables, all with two operative levels. The Dref-3 friction spun yarn, in which the core is a plied, twisted ring yarn composed of cotton singles and the sheath, formed from the same cotton fibres making the singles, has been examined. The structures have also been studied by using the tracer fibre technique. Findings It was observed that rather than depending on the plied core yarn, the tensile properties of the Dref-3 yarn are significantly determined by the parameters those affect the constituent single yarn tensile properties, i.e. the amount of twist and its twist direction, yarn linear density and the sheath fibre proportion used during the Dref spinning in making the final yarn. Further, when the twist direction of single yarn, double yarn and the Dref spinning false twisting are in the same direction, the produced core-sheath yarn exhibits better tensile properties. Practical implications The understanding of the yarn structure will lead to optimized production of all staple fibre core Dref spun yarns. Social implications The research work may lead to utilization of coarse and harsh untapped natural fibres to the production of value-added textile products. Originality/value Though an earlier research has reported the effects of sheath fibre fineness and length on the tensile and bending properties of Dref-3 friction yarn, the present study is the first documented attempt using the tracer fibre technique to understand Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core.
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Bonifácio, D. O. C., F. M. Mundim, and L. B. Sousa. "Variabilidade genética e coeficiente de determinação em genótipos de algodoeiro quanto a qualidade da fibra." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 10, no. 3 (October 14, 2015): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v10i3.3618.
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O algodão é a mais importante fibra têxtil do mundo e a sua qualidade é o que garante o retorno investido pelo produtor. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade genética entre 22 genótipos de algodoeiro de fibra branca do Programa de Melhoramento Genético do Algodoeiro, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, quanto a qualidade da fibra e determinar o coeficiente de determinação genotípico dos caracteres. O experimento foi realizado na fazenda Capim Branco, em Uberlândia-MG, na safra 2012/2013. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Avaliou-se 20 genótipos de algodoeiro. Com o auxílio do aparelho High Volume Instrument, determinou-se o índice de consistência a fiação, índice micronaire, maturidade da fibra, comprimento da fibra, uniformidade de comprimento, índice de fibras curtas, resistência, alongamento, reflectância e grau de amarelecimento. As linhagens do Programa de Melhoramento genético do Algodoeiro da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, com exceção da UFUJP13-17 e UFUJP13-20, atendem as exigências da indústria têxtil e apresentam variabilidade suficiente para seguir no processo de melhoramento. A variação entre os genótipos foi em maior parte de natureza genética, com coeficiente de determinação acima de 80%.Genetic variability and coefficient of determination in cotton genotypes as the quality of the fiberAbstract: Cotton is the most important textile fiber in the world and its quality is what ensures the return invested by the producer. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability among 22 genotypes of cotton fiber white of the Program of Genetic Improvement of Cotton, from the Federal University of Uberlandia, as fiber quality and determine the coefficient of determination of genotypic characters. The experiment was carried out on the farm Capim Branco, in Uberlandia, MG, in season 2012/2013. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Evaluated 20 cotton genotypes. With the aid of the appliance High Volume Instrument, it was determined that the index of consistency the wiring, index micronaire, fiber maturity, fiber length, length uniformity index of short fibers, strength, elongation, reflectance and degree of yellowing. The lines of the Program of genetic improvement of cotton from the Federal University of Uberlandia, with the exception of UFUJP13-17 and UFUJP13-20, meet the requirements of the textile industry and feature variability sufficient to follow in the process of improvement. The variation between the genotypes was in most of nature genetics, with coefficient of determination above 80 %.
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Arafat, KMY, J. Nayeem, AH Quadery, MA Quaiyyum, and M. Sarwar Jahan. "Handmade paper from waste banana fibre." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 53, no. 2 (May 27, 2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v53i2.36668.
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Banana fibre is a natural fibre with high strength, which can be blended easily with cotton fibre or synthetic fibre to produce composite material. In the fiber extraction process, a substantial amount of lignocellulosic wastes are generated, disposal of which creates problem in the adjacent area. In this paper, extracted banana fiber (EBF) and waste banana fiber (WBF) were characterized in terms of chemical and morphological properties to produce handmade paper. WBF was characterized with lower α–cellulose, lignin content and longer fiber length. Pulping of EBF and WBF was carried out with varying active alkali and cooking time at boiling temperature. Pulp yield of WBF was 35.9% after 120 min of cooking with 8% alkali charge. In the unbeaten state the degrees of drainage resistance i.e. SR values were 65 and 71 for EBF and WBF, respectively. The tensile, burst and tear indices of WBF were 23.7 N.m/g, 2.2 kPa.m2/g and 5.0 mN.m2/g, respectively; these were much lower as compared to EBF. These values however, meet the requirement for handmade paper.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 83-88, 2018
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Kļava, Dace, Evita Straumīte, Zanda Krūma, and Raquel P. F. Guiné. "Latvian Citizens’ Knowledge about Dietary Fibre." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 71, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2017-0076.
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Abstract The positive benefits of dietary fibre (DF) include regulation of the intestinal transit, prevention of risk or treatment of diabetes, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, and obesity. The aim of this study was to collect information on knowledge about dietary fibre of citizens of Latvia. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions. Its aim was to evaluate knowledge in three distinct areas: six concerning knowledge about food fibres; six — about the relation between fibres and various foods, and ten about the relation between fibres and diseases. The methodological study was conducted involving 231 participants, of which 83.5% were female and 16.5% male, aged between 18 and 80 years. The respondents were selected by convenience, and they differed in age, literacy, gender, geographical area of residence, and included people from different cities and smaller villages. 67% of the respondents considered that consumption of sufficient amounts of fibres can prevent or treat different diseases. 85% of respondents noted that legumes (peas, beans) are a source of fibres, but that it was more possible to take up the fibre with a combination of vegetables and animal products. The questionnaire revealed that respondents are aware of the benefits of fibre consumption for promoting health and treating some diseases.
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Rizal, Samsul, Abdul Khalil H. P. S., Adeleke A. Oyekanmi, Olaiya N. Gideon, Che K. Abdullah, Esam B. Yahya, Tata Alfatah, Fatimah A. Sabaruddin, and Azhar A. Rahman. "Cotton Wastes Functionalized Biomaterials from Micro to Nano: A Cleaner Approach for a Sustainable Environmental Application." Polymers 13, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071006.
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The exponential increase in textile cotton wastes generation and the ineffective processing mechanism to mitigate its environmental impact by developing functional materials with unique properties for geotechnical applications, wastewater, packaging, and biomedical engineering have become emerging global concerns among researchers. A comprehensive study of a processed cotton fibres isolation technique and their applications are highlighted in this review. Surface modification of cotton wastes fibre increases the adsorption of dyes and heavy metals removal from wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have demonstrated high adsorption capacity for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have found remarkable application in slope amendments, reinforcement of expansive soils and building materials, and a proven source for isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Several research work on the use of cotton waste for functional application rather than disposal has been done. However, no review study has discussed the potentials of cotton wastes from source (Micro-Nano) to application. This review critically analyses novel isolation techniques of CNC from cotton wastes with an in-depth study of a parameter variation effect on their yield. Different pretreatment techniques and efficiency were discussed. From the analysis, chemical pretreatment is considered the most efficient extraction of CNCs from cotton wastes. The pretreatment strategies can suffer variation in process conditions, resulting in distortion in the extracted cellulose’s crystallinity. Acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid is the most used extraction process for cotton wastes-based CNC. A combined pretreatment process, such as sonication and hydrolysis, increases the crystallinity of cotton-based CNCs. The improvement of the reinforced matrix interface of textile fibres is required for improved packaging and biomedical applications for the sustainability of cotton-based CNCs.
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Pajari, Anne-Maria, Seija Oikarinen, Soile Gråsten, and Marja Mutanen. "Diets enriched with cereal brans or inulin modulate protein kinase C activity and isozyme expression in rat colonic mucosa." British Journal of Nutrition 84, no. 5 (November 2000): 635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114500001975.
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The role of dietary fibres in colon carcinogenesis is controversial. To elucidate the mechanisms by which different dietary fibre sources may affect colonic tumour development, we studied the effects of diets enriched with cereal brans or inulin on protein kinase C (PKC) activity and isozyme expression in rat colon. Male Wistar rats (twelve per group) were fed one of the following AIN-93G-based diets () for 4 weeks: a non-fibre high-fat diet or one of the four high-fat diets supplemented with either rye, oat or wheat bran or inulin at 100 g/kg diet. The fat concentration (20 g/100 g) and fatty acid composition of the non-fibre high-fat diet was designed to approximate that in a typical Western-type diet. In the proximal colon, rats fed the inulin diet had a significantly higher membrane PKC activity and a higher membrane PKC δ level than rats fed the non-fibre diet (P<0·05). In the distal colon, rats fed the inulin and oat bran diets had a higher total PKC activity and a higher membrane PKC β2 level than rats fed the wheat-bran diet. Rats in the non-fibre and wheat-bran groups had the lowest concentrations of luminal diacylglycerol. In conclusion, feeding of wheat bran resulted in low distal PKC activity and expression of PKC β2, a PKC isozyme related to colonic cell proliferation and increased susceptibility for colon carcinogenesis, which may explain in part the protective effect of wheat bran against tumour development in a number of experimental colon cancer studies. The increase in PKC activity and PKC β2 expression by feeding inulin may be a drawback of inulin as a functional food.
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Greveniotis, Vasileios, Evangelia Sioki, and Constantinos G. Ipsilandis. "Estimations of fibre trait stability and type of inheritance in cotton." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 54, No. 4 (November 7, 2018): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/12/2017-cjgpb.
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Traits affecting fibre quality were evaluated in a multi-location environmental experiment. Four main cotton regions in Greece were selected as different environments. Five commercial cotton cultivars were used for evaluation of 10 fibre quality traits. Each cultivar was sown in 10 different fields in each region. Environmental fluctuations within regions affected each quality trait differently showing a different degree of inheritance. Four traits showed the lowest stability index values indicating quantitative inheritance, further four traits with intermediate values indicated determination by a few genes, while the more stable and thus with qualitative inheritance traits were considered to indicate fibre maturity and uniformity. The mean estimation of stability in multi-location experiments was found the same as in multi-genotype evaluation. Two cultivars (Elsa and Celia) were found to be more stable across the Greek environments and two regions favoured stability for almost all traits. Correlations between regions were high and the same was found between genotypes.
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Shamsiddinovich, Muminov Najmiddin, Alimova Zarina Muzaffarovna, and Vasiev Xayrulla Ulugbekovich. "Research On Cotton Fibre For The Production Of Quality Textile Products." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 06 (June 18, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue06-04.
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The article presents the theoretical foundations of cotton and cotton fibre as the main strategic raw material for the production of quality textiles. It also highlights a brief history of the origin, properties, cultivation, collection and use of cotton. Information about the current state of the world market for the production and use of cotton. It will be argued that quality assurance is a complex problem that requires a lot of effort and responsibility on the part of all participants in the production of textile products. In addition, the methods and results of the study of quality indicators of cotton fibre - as the main raw material for textiles are presented.
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Zhang, Ting-Ting, Yang Yang, Xiao-Yu Song, Xin-Yu Gao, Xian-Liang Zhang, Jun-Jie Zhao, Ke-Hai Zhou, et al. "Novel Structural Variation and Evolutionary Characteristics of Chloroplast tRNA in Gossypium Plants." Genes 12, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060822.
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Cotton is one of the most important fiber and oil crops in the world. Chloroplast genomes harbor their own genetic materials and are considered to be highly conserved. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) act as “bridges” in protein synthesis by carrying amino acids. Currently, the variation and evolutionary characteristics of tRNAs in the cotton chloroplast genome are poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the structural variation and evolution of chloroplast tRNA (cp tRNA) based on eight diploid and two allotetraploid cotton species. We also investigated the nucleotide evolution of chloroplast genomes in cotton species. We found that cp tRNAs in cotton encoded 36 or 37 tRNAs, and 28 or 29 anti-codon types with lengths ranging from 60 to 93 nucleotides. Cotton chloroplast tRNA sequences possessed specific conservation and, in particular, the Ψ-loop contained the conserved U-U-C-X3-U. The cp tRNAs of Gossypium L. contained introns, and cp tRNAIle contained the anti-codon (C-A-U), which was generally the anti-codon of tRNAMet. The transition and transversion analyses showed that cp tRNAs in cotton species were iso-acceptor specific and had undergone unequal rates of evolution. The intergenic region was more variable than coding regions, and non-synonymous mutations have been fixed in cotton cp genomes. On the other hand, phylogeny analyses indicated that cp tRNAs of cotton were derived from several inferred ancestors with greater gene duplications. This study provides new insights into the structural variation and evolution of chloroplast tRNAs in cotton plants. Our findings could contribute to understanding the detailed characteristics and evolutionary variation of the tRNA family.
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Guillon, F., and M. M. J. Champ. "Carbohydrate fractions of legumes: uses in human nutrition and potential for health." British Journal of Nutrition 88, S3 (December 2002): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2002720.
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Starch and fibre can be extracted, using wet or dry processes, from a variety of grain legumes and used as ingredients for food. a-Galactosides can be isolated during wet processes from the soluble extract. Starch isolates or concentrates are mostly produced from peas, whereas dietary fibre fractions from peas and soyabean are commercially available. The physico-chemical characteristics of fibre fractions very much depend on their origin, outer fibres being very cellulosic whereas inner fibres contain a majority of pectic substances. Inner fibres are often used as texturing agents whereas outer fibres find their main uses in bakery and extruded products, where they can be introduced to increase the fibre content of the food. Most investigations on impacts on health have been performed on soyabean fibres. When positive observations were made on lipaemia, glucose tolerance or faecal excretion, they were unfortunately often obtained after non-realistic daily doses of fibres. Legume starches contain a higher amount of amylose than most cereal or tuber starches. This confers these starches a lower bioavailability than that of most starches, when raw or retrograded. Their low glycaemic index can be considered as beneficial for health and especially for the prevention of diseases related to insulin resistance. When partly retrograded, these starches can provide significant amount of butyrate to the colonic epithelium and may help in colon cancer prevention. a-Galactosides are usually considered as responsible for flatus but their apparent prebiotic effects may be an opportunity to valorize these oligosaccharides.
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Kodirova, M., I. Kahharov, and M. Mutalova. "INHERITANCE OF OUTPUT AND FIBER LENGTH IN GENOTYPICALLY REMOTE MEDIUM FIBER F1 COTTON PLANTS." National Association of Scientists 2, no. 32(59) (October 12, 2020): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.2.59.296.
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This article provides data on the inheritance of fiber yield and fiber length in first generation hybrid forms derived from genotypically different forms of G.hirsitum L species medium fiber cotton. The obtained results showed that in hybrids F1 dominance of one of the parent forms and intermediate inheritance by the characteristics of yield and length of fibre is manifested in hybrids of forms with different genotype, with high and medium index, and inheritance by the type of positive superdomination, i.e. positive heterosis - in hybrids of forms with medium and high index.
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Gandhi, Sanjeev, and Steven M. Spivak. "A Survey of Upholstered Furniture Fabrics and Implications for Furniture Flammability." Journal of Fire Sciences 12, no. 3 (May 1994): 284–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419401200305.
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Upholstery fabric and padding material play an important role in upholstered furniture flammability. As market preferences for upholstery fibers and fabrics change, there are significant implications for fire safety. Fiber consumption data and fabric surveys show an increasing usage of cotton fibers in upholstery, leading to higher ignition propensity. Of particular impor tance are the cotton fiber's alkali metal ion content, and heavier weight fabric constructions, in determining the susceptibility for smoldering ignition due to smoking materials. To realize the goal of fire-resistant upholstered furniture, while still satisfying consumer preferences for fiber, style and design, the criti cal trends and controlling factors in upholstery flammability are emphasized. A review of regulatory approaches to redress the problem is also included, in view of recent petitions by the fire marshals (NASFM) calling for mandatory Federal standards.
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Brahmachary, Tonmoy Kumar. "Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Cotton Fiber." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-6 (October 31, 2017): 1173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2493.
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Pervez, Md Nahid, Faizan Shafiq, Muhammad Munib Jilani, Zahid Sarwar, and Ying Jie Cai. "Research on Crystallinity, Morphology of Cotton Subjected to Enzyme and Crosslinking Treatment." Materials Science Forum 893 (March 2017): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.893.71.
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This paper explores the effect of prior enzymatic treatment on non-formaldehyde crosslinked cotton fiber and crystalline structure of cotton fibers after enzyme, crosslinking and a combination of enzyme and crosslinking treatments were examined by X-ray diffractometer. Results showed that during crosslinking treatment crystallinity index (%) values were increased with reduced crystallinity size and crosslinked of enzyme treated cotton did not change the crystalline nature of cotton (i.e. it was Cellulose I). In addition, by analysing FT-IR and SEM data it is confirmed that uniform presence of crosslinking agents was visible on cotton fibres.
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Lovell, David, Yingru Wu, Rosemary White, Adriane Machado, Danny J. Llewellyn, Elizabeth S. Dennis, and Robert S. Anderssen. "Phenotyping cotton ovule fibre initiation with spatial statistics." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 6 (2007): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07003.
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Yield in cultivated cotton (Gossypium spp.) is affected by the number and distribution of fibres initiated on the seed surface but, apart from simple statistical summaries, little has been done to assess this phenotype quantitatively. Here we use two types of spatial statistics to describe and quantify differences in patterning of cotton ovule fibre initials (FI). The following five different species of Gossypium were analysed: G. hirsutum L., G. barbadense L., G. arboreum, G. raimondii Ulbrich. and G. trilobum (DC.) Skovsted. Scanning electron micrographs of FIs were taken on the day of anthesis. Cell centres for fibre and epidermal cells were digitised and analysed by spatial statistics methods appropriate for marked point processes and tessellations. Results were consistent with previously published reports of fibre number and spacing. However, it was shown that the spatial distributions of FIs in all of species examined exhibit regularity, and are not completely random as previously implied. The regular arrangement indicates FIs do not appear independently of each other and we surmise there may be some form of mutual inhibition specifying fibre-initial development. It is concluded that genetic control of FIs differs from that of stomata, another well studied plant idioblast. Since spatial statistics show clear species differences in the distribution of FIs within this genus, they provide a useful method for phenotyping cotton.
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Iyengar, Sushma. "Reviving a Heritage in Peril: India’s Endangered Traditions of Cotton and Wool." Journal of Heritage Management 6, no. 1 (June 2021): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24559296211008231.
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This article traces the journey of two indigenous textile fibres—Kala cotton and Desi Oon—and the efforts of farmers, pastoralists, craft artisans and Khamir, to conserve, sustain and promote the natural and cultural heritage that have nourished these fibres. It recreates the revival of these fibres in Kutch, a semi-arid region of India, and unfolds the technical, cultural and creative challenges that have accompanied this process—from land to the loom. Large-scale shifts in Indian agriculture have marked a significant breakdown of the value loops and deep interdependent economies between farmers, spinners, weavers, dyers and tailors. First, in the nineteenth century, when the cultivation of short staple indigenous varieties of cotton shifted to long staple cotton, which could feed the mills of Britain; and then in the late twentieth century when a global push towards hybrid, genetically modified varieties of cotton strode over the farming of more resilient local cotton varieties. Similarly, across India, vast genetic resource of sheep, yak and camels, in particular, have, for centuries, been conserved and bred by the nomadic pastoral communities of these regions. Even two and a half decade ago, the animal’s fibre was used extensively by the pastoralists themselves and fetched them a market price for the wool that was almost equal to that of meat. However, with India becoming a major sheep meat producing country, accompanied by the relaxation of tariffs on wool imports in the early nineties, the Indian wool market has moved completely to softer, longer staple wool from New Zealand, Australia and the Middle East. Today, this is the only natural fibre in which India is deficient despite having the third largest number of sheep in the world! The process of conserving indigenous cotton seeds, sheep breeds, their fibres and a range of associated textile crafts, challenge all the essential premises on which the political economy of contemporary textiles rest. However hope comes in many forms—the intense climatic variabilities and growing vulnerabilities to climate change, is compelling farmers and pastoralists to revisit the choices they have been compelled to adopt by a globalized market economy. Their growing understanding and need to revive their local cotton seeds and animal breeds, which are more adaptable and resilient to climatic variabilities, hold out a tremendous opportunity to transform the landscape of indigenous textile fibres. Through her experiences, the author stitches together a story of localization wherein Khamir attempts to restore a lost heritage and the bonds between farmers, pastoralists, spinners, weavers and dyers.
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Ruan, Yong-Ling. "Rapid cell expansion and cellulose synthesis regulated by plasmodesmata and sugar: insights from the single-celled cotton fibre." Functional Plant Biology 34, no. 1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp06234.
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Higher plants comprise mixtures of some 40 different cell types, and this often complicates the interpretation of data obtained at the tissue level. Studies for a given cell type may provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying defined cellular and developmental processes. In this regard, the cotton fibre represents an excellent single-cell model to study the control of rapid cell elongation and cellulose synthesis. These single cells, initiated from the ovule epidermis at anthesis, typically elongate to ~3–5 cm in the tetraploid species before they switch to intensive secondary cell wall cellulose synthesis. By maturity, more than 94% of fibre weight is cellulose. To unravel the mechanisms of fibre elongation and cellulose synthesis, two hypotheses have been examined: (a) that sucrose degradation and utilisation mediated by sucrose synthase (Sus) may play roles in fibre development and (b) that symplastic isolation of the fibre cells may be required for their rapid elongation. Reverse genetic and biochemical analyses have revealed the critical role that Sus plays in fibre initiation and early elongation. Late in development, plasma-membrane and cell wall association of Sus protein seems to be involved in rapid cellulose synthesis. Cell biology and gene expression studies showed a temporary closure of fibre plasmodesmata (PD), probably due to the deposition of callose, at the rapid phase of elongation. The duration of the PD closure correlates positively with the final fibre length attained. These data support the view that PD closure may be required for fibres to achieve extended elongation. The branching of PD towards the secondary cell wall stage is postulated to function as a molecule sieve for tight control of macromolecule trafficking into fibres to sustain intensive cellulose synthesis.
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Henriksson, Åsa, and Paul Gatenholm. "Controlled Assembly of Glucuronoxylans onto Cellulose Fibres." Holzforschung 55, no. 5 (September 19, 2001): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.081.
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Summary In this study we have shown that cellulose fibres can be coated with regular micron-sized particles by controlling the assembly process of xylans on the cellulose surfaces. When cotton linters were exposed to a 5% water solution of xylan from birchwood at 110°C, 2 h, pH 8, the substrates showed an increase in weight of approximately 6.5%, and visualization by AFM revealed regular particles on the fibre surfaces. The surface modification process was optimized using an experimental design where time, temperature, and pH were varied. The experiments showed that the amount of xylan deposited on the fibres could be varied from 2% up to 20% depending on treatment conditions. The temperature and time were the most important parameters, while pH was not important in the investigated region. The morphology of the deposited xylan layer, as shown by SEM, was dependent on the amount of xylan on the fibre surfaces. At low yield the fibres were coated with a homogenous layer, while at higher yields (20%) regular particles of micron size were identified by AFM analysis. The mechanism of this assembly process of xylan on cellulose fibre surfaces is discussed.
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Zhang, An Fen, and Zhao Peng Xia. "Properties of Jute Blended Yarns Spun on Ring Spinning System." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.290.
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The chemical modified jute fibres were spun into jute/cotton blended yarns by using of two different blending methods (the fibre blending and the sliver blending) on ring spinning system. The tensile, hairiness, Uster evenness properties of two kinds of blended yarns with different blend ratios and yarn counts were investigated in this paper. It was found that the tensile, hairiness index, mass irregularity and imperfections of blended yarn depended on amount of jute fibres in blends. The draw frame blended yarns processed the better quality than that of intimate blended yarns.
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M. R., Kodirova, and Kahharov I.T. "Inheritance Of Output And Fiber Length In Genotypically Remote Medium Fiber F1 Cotton Plants." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 02, no. 09 (September 26, 2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume02issue09-10.
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