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Journal articles on the topic 'Fibre musculaire type II'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Sarnat, Harvey B. "Le Cerveau Influence-t-il le Développement Musculaire du Foetus Humain?" Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 12, no. 2 (1985): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100046801.

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ABSTRACT:Does the human fetal brain influence muscle development? The importance of suprasegmental cerebral influence on developing human fetal muscle is less well understood than the control of histochemical differentiation of muscle by the motor neuron. Muscle biopsies of 21 hypotonic infants and children with nonprogressive congenital lesions of the cerebellum and/or brainstem were studied by histochemical methods. Two neonates who died with severely dysplastic brains and no descending motor tracts had normal muscle. The others, particularly those with cerebellar hypoplasia, had delayed mus
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2

Hou, Cyrielle, Yasmine Baba-Amer, Maximilien Bencze, Frédéric Relaix, and François Jérôme Authier. "15es JSFM : Prix Master 2017." médecine/sciences 34 (November 2018): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/201834s210.

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Les myopathies inflammatoires et dysimmunitaires (DIMs) touchent 14/100 000 personnes dans le monde. Ces pathologies sont classées par des critères immunopathologiques en quatre groupes : (1) polymyosites (PM)/ myosites à inclusions (IBM), (2) dermatomyosites, (3) myopathies nécrosantes auto-immunes et (4) myosites de chevauchement comprenant le syndrome anti-synthétase (ASS). Les ASS et PM/IBM sont caractérisées par la présence d’infiltrats inflammatoires mononucléés. Récemment, nous avons mis en évidence une expression myocytaire du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité de type 2 (CMH2) dans
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Essén–Gustavsson, B. "Metabolic responses of muscle to exercise." BSAP Occasional Publication 32 (2004): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00041185.

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AbstractMuscle is a tissue with a great plasticity due to the fact that it is composed of fibres having different contractile and metabolic properties. In horses, muscle metabolic responses to exercise are studied by taking biopsies from the gluteus medius muscle. Histochemical stains are used to identify slow contracting type I fibres and fast contracting type IIA and type IIB fibres and to evaluate fibre areas, capillary supply, oxidative capacity, glycogen and lipid content in a muscle. Biochemical analyses of substrates, metabolites and enzyme activities are performed either on a whole pie
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4

Wassif, W. S., D. Sherman, J. R. Salisbury, and T. J. Peters. "Use of Dynamic Tests of Muscle Function and Histomorphometry of Quadriceps Muscle Biopsies in the Investigation of Patients with Chronic Alcohol Misuse and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 31, no. 5 (1994): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329403100507.

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Ischaemic lactate/ammonia tests, serum carnosinase and creatine kinase assays and percutaneous needle muscle biopsies were performed on 10 patients with chronic fatigue sydrome (CFS), and 10 with chronic alcohol misuse complaining of muscular symptoms. Basal serum lactate levels were significantly elevated in the alcohol misusers compared to the CFS patients, but all were within the reference range. Lactate profiles after ischaemic forearm exercise did not differ significantly for the two patient groups. In one patient previously diagnosed as having CFS, myoadenylate deaminase deficiency was i
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Fabiś, Jarosław, Marian Danilewicz, Kryspin Niedzielski, Michał Waszczykowski, Anna Fabiś-Strobin, and Andrzej Bogucki. "The eccentric mechanotransduction, neuro-muscular transmission, and structural reversibility of muscle fatty infiltration. An experimental advanced disuse muscle-wasting model of rabbit supraspinatus." Archives of Medical Science 17, no. 5 (2021): 1400–1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms/131956.

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IntroductionFull-thickness rotator cuff tear is present in almost 50% of patients over age 65 years, and its degree is known to be a good predictor of the severity of muscle-wasting (MW) sarcopaenia, also known as fatty degeneration (FD). A FD CT grade > 2° is recognized as a borderline of its reversibility. A disuse model of supraspinatus FD (grade 2) in rabbits provides clinically relevant data. Therefore, the present study evaluates the correlation between eccentric mechanotransduction, neuromuscular transmission (NT), and reversibility of muscle fatty infiltration (MFI) in rabbit supras
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6

Anderson, J., M. I. Almeida-Silveira, and C. Perot. "Reflex and muscular adaptations in rat soleus muscle after hindlimb suspension." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 19 (1999): 2701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.19.2701.

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Reflex, mechanical and histochemical adaptations of the soleus muscle following 3 weeks of hindlimb suspension (HS) were measured in the rat. HS transformed the soleus muscle fibre type composition from predominantly slow, type I, to approximately equal proportions of fast, type II and slow fibres. Consistent with this transformation was an increase in the maximum shortening velocity, V(max), and a decrease in the stiffness of the series elastic component. Disuse also produced muscle atrophy and a resultant decrease in twitch and tetanic force. Reflex responses of the ankle extensors were also
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7

LEFAUCHEUR, L., and P. ECOLAN. "Composition en chaînes lourdes de myosine des fibres musculaires de type II chez le porc." INRAE Productions Animales 11, no. 2 (1998): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1998.11.2.3929.

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 Cet article fait partie du dossier : Caractérisation des différents types de fibres musculaires dans plusieurs espèces : production et utilisation d’anticorps monoclonaux dirigés contre les chaînes lourdes de myosine rapide IIa et IIb
 
 
 
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8

Asp, N. G., C. D. Agardh, B. Ahrén, et al. "Dietary Fibre in Type II Diabetes." Acta Medica Scandinavica 210, S656 (2009): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb07702.x.

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9

Obayashi, Hisakuni, Yoshikazu Nezu, Hatsue Yokota, et al. "Cerivastatin induces type-I fiber-, not type-II fiber-, predominant muscular toxicity in the young male F344 rats." Journal of Toxicological Sciences 36, no. 4 (2011): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2131/jts.36.445.

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10

Kingma, Douglas W., Daniel L. Feeback, Warren A. Marks, Gary B. Bobele, Richard W. Leech, and Roger A. Brumback. "Selective Type II Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy in Severe Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy." Journal of Child Neurology 6, no. 4 (1991): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088307389100600408.

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11

Kingma, Douglas W., Warren A. Marks, Gary B. Bobele, Daniel L. Feeback, Richard W. Leech, and Roger A. Brumback. "SELECTIVE TYPE II MUSCLE FIBER HYPERTROPHY IN SEVERE INFANTILE SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY." Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 49, no. 3 (1990): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199005000-00113.

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12

Reyes, Nicholas L., Glen B. Banks, Mark Tsang, et al. "Fnip1 regulates skeletal muscle fiber type specification, fatigue resistance, and susceptibility to muscular dystrophy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 2 (2014): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413021112.

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Mammalian skeletal muscle is broadly characterized by the presence of two distinct categories of muscle fibers called type I “red” slow twitch and type II “white” fast twitch, which display marked differences in contraction strength, metabolic strategies, and susceptibility to fatigue. The relative representation of each fiber type can have major influences on susceptibility to obesity, diabetes, and muscular dystrophies. However, the molecular factors controlling fiber type specification remain incompletely defined. In this study, we describe the control of fiber type specification and suscep
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Allen, D. L., W. Yasui, T. Tanaka, et al. "Myonuclear number and myosin heavy chain expression in rat soleus single muscle fibers after spaceflight." Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 1 (1996): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.1.145.

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The effects of 14 days of spaceflight on myonuclear number, fiber size, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression in isolated rat soleus muscle fiber segments were studied. Single soleus muscle fibers from rats flown on the Spacelab Life Sciences-2 14-day mission were compared with those from age-matched ground-based control rats by using confocal microscopy and gel electrophoresis. Spaceflight resulted in a significant reduction in the number of fibers expressing type I MHC and an increase in the number of fibers expressing type IIx or IIa MHC. Space-flight also resulted in an increase in the p
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14

Wells, G. A. H., S. A. C. Hawkins, D. T. O'Toole, et al. "Spastic Syndrome in a Holstein Bull: A Histologic Study." Veterinary Pathology 24, no. 4 (1987): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588702400410.

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A 4-year-old Canadian holstein bull developed the spastic syndrome, an episodic but progressive disorder causing pelvic limb muscular spasms. A post-mortem study, including morphometry of skeletal muscles and teased peripheral nerve fibers of the pelvic limb, revealed mild type II skeletal muscle fiber atrophy and minimal, focal segmental demyelination with remyelination, and axonal degeneration in peripheral nerves. Such alterations are probably incidental or age-associated. Idiopathic muscular cramps is the most probable explanation of the clinical disease and is consistent with the absence
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15

Debold, E. P., H. Dave, and R. H. Fitts. "Fiber type and temperature dependence of inorganic phosphate: implications for fatigue." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 287, no. 3 (2004): C673—C681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00044.2004.

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Elevated levels of Pi are thought to cause a substantial proportion of the loss in muscular force and power output during fatigue from intense contractile activity. However, support for this hypothesis is based, in part, on data from skinned single fibers obtained at low temperatures (≤15°C). The effect of high (30 mM) Pi concentration on the contractile function of chemically skinned single fibers was examined at both low (15°C) and high (30°C) temperatures using fibers isolated from rat soleus (type I fibers) and gastrocnemius (type II fibers) muscles. Elevating Pi from 0 to 30 mM at saturat
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16

McKerrell, R. E., and K. G. Braund. "Hereditary Myopathy in Labrador Retrievers: A Morphologic Study." Veterinary Pathology 23, no. 4 (1986): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588602300410.

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Skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve were obtained over several years from 12 Labrador retrievers with signs of hereditary myopathy. Biopsy and necropsy samples were examined by histology and histochemistry. Despite normal findings in peripheral nerves, a wide range of morphologic changes were observed in muscle including features generally considered characteristic of neurogenic disease. These included small and large muscle fiber group atrophy, presence of small angular fibers, and occasional fiber type grouping. Other prominent changes in muscle were increased numbers of internal nuclei, ar
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17

Rachidi, Wafae, Kawtar Nassar, Saadia Janani, and Ouafa Mkinsi. "Muscle infarction and diabetes." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 2, no. 1 (2015): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmscr.2015.2121.

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L’infarctus musculaire est une complication rare et souvent méconnue du diabète ancien déséquilibré et multicompliqué. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente âgée de 56 ans, diabétique type II mal suivie depuis 14 ans, qui présentait une tuméfaction douloureuse de la cuisse gauche évoluant depuis trois semaines dans un contexte de fièvre et de fléchissement de l’état général. La biologie montrait une glycémie à 3,2 g/l, une hémoglobine glyquée à 8%, une vitesse de sédimentation à 86 mm à la première heure et une protéine C réactive à 160 mg/l. Le diagnostic d’infarctus musculaire, suspecté sur
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18

Grgic, Jozo. "The Effects of Low-Load vs. High-Load Resistance Training on Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy: A Meta-Analysis." Journal of Human Kinetics 74, no. 1 (2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2020-0013.

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Abstract The aim of this meta-analysis was to explore the effects of low-load vs. high-load resistance training on type I and type II muscle fiber hypertrophy. Searches for studies were performed through ten databases. Studies were included if they: (a) compared the effects of low-load vs. high-load resistance training (performed to momentary muscular failure); and, (b) assessed muscle fiber hypertrophy. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to analyze the data. Ten study groups were included in the analysis. In the meta-analysis for the effects of low-load vs. high-load resistance trai
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19

Carroll, Kevin M., Caleb D. Bazyler, Jake R. Bernards, et al. "Skeletal Muscle Fiber Adaptations Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums or Relative Intensity." Sports 7, no. 7 (2019): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7070169.

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The purpose of the study was to compare the physiological responses of skeletal muscle to a resistance training (RT) program using repetition maximum (RM) or relative intensity (RISR). Fifteen well-trained males underwent RT 3 d·wk−1 for 10 weeks in either an RM group (n = 8) or RISR group (n = 7). The RM group achieved a relative maximum each day, while the RISR group trained based on percentages. The RM group exercised until muscular failure on each exercise, while the RISR group did not reach muscular failure throughout the intervention. Percutaneous needle biopsies of the vastus lateralis
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20

Scola, Rosana Herminia, Lineu Cesar Werneck, Cássio Slompo Ramos, Ricardo Pasquini, Hans Graf, and Walter Olesko Arruda. "Amyloidotic muscle pseudohypertrophy: case report." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 59, no. 3A (2001): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2001000400018.

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The authors report one case of amyloidosis associated with muscular pseudohypertrophy in a 46-year-old woman, who developed weakness, macroglossia and muscle hypertrophy associated with primary systemic amyloidosis. Electromyography showed a myopathic pattern and bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. The muscle biopsy presented with a type I and II fiber hypertrophy and infiltration of amyloid material in the interstitious space and artery walls. She underwent bone marrow transplantation with stabilization and subjective improvement of the clinical picture.
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21

Ren, J. M., J. Henriksson, A. Katz, and K. Sahlin. "NADH content in type I and type II human muscle fibres after dynamic exercise." Biochemical Journal 251, no. 1 (1988): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2510183.

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The effect of dynamic exercise on the NADH content of human type I (slow-twitch) and II (fast-twitch) muscle fibres was investigated. Muscle biopsy samples were obtained from the quadriceps femoris of seven healthy subjects at rest and after bicycle exercise at 40, 75 and 100% of the maximal oxygen uptake [VO2(max.)]. At rest and after exercise at 100% VO2(max.), muscle NADH content was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in type I than in type II fibres. After exercise at 40% VO2(max.), muscle NADH decreased in type I fibres (P less than 0.01), but was not significantly changed in type II
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22

San Juan, Alejandro F., Raul Dominguez, Ángel Lago-Rodríguez, Juan José Montoya, Rachel Tan, and Stephen J. Bailey. "Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Weightlifting Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082227.

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Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation has been evidenced to induce an ergogenic effect in endurance and sprint-type exercise, which may be underpinned by enhanced muscle contractility and perfusion, particularly in type II muscle fibers. However, limited data are available to evaluate the ergogenic potential of NO3− supplementation during other exercise modalities that mandate type II fiber recruitment, such as weightlifting exercise (i.e., resistance exercise). In this systematic review, we examine the existing evidence basis for NO3− supplementation to improve muscular power, velocity of co
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23

Lu, Z. X., K. Z. Walker, J. G. Muir, and K. O'Dea. "Arabinoxylan fibre improves metabolic control in people with Type II diabetes." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 58, no. 4 (2004): 621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601857.

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24

Agten, Anouk, Jonas Verbrugghe, Sjoerd Stevens, Bert O. Eijnde, Annick Timmermans, and Frank Vandenabeele. "High Intensity Training Increases Muscle Area Occupied by Type II Muscle Fibers of the Multifidus Muscle in Persons with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Trial." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 3306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083306.

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Low back pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder with high disability. Although exercise therapy is an important part of the multidisciplinary treatment of non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP), the impact of exercise therapy on muscle morphology of the paraspinal muscles is largely unknown. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a high intensity training (HIT) program on muscle fiber characteristics of the multifidus (MF) and the erector spinae (ES) musculature in persons with NSCLBP and to compare these results with the effects of a moderate intensity training (M
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25

Joffe, Boris I., Irina V. Solovei, Nikki A. Watson, and Lester R. G. Cannon. "Structure and evolution of the pharynx in the Temnocephalida (Platyhelminthes)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no. 2 (1997): 205–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-028.

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The structure of the pharynx was studied in the genera Didymorchis, Diceratocephala, Temnocephala, and Craspedella, using light microscopy, silver nitrate staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Based on these data, evolution of this organ within the Temnocephalida is analysed. In addition to the specific pattern of muscle fibres in the walls of the pharynx known from earlier studies, three other features characteristic of the pharynges of temnocephalids were found: (1) multisyncytial organization of the pharyngeal epithelium, (2) the presence of type 1 sensory receptors, and (3) muscl
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26

Byun, Kyung-A., Seyeon Oh, Myeongjoo Son, et al. "Dieckol-Attenuated High-Fat Diet Induced Muscle Atrophy by Modulating Muscular Deposition of Lipid Droplets." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (2021): 3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13093160.

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An excessive fat diet induces intramuscular fat deposition that accumulates as a form of lipid droplet (LD) and leads to lipotoxicity, including muscle atrophy or decreasing muscle strength. Lipotoxicity depends on the number of LDs, subcellular distribution (intermyofibrillar, IMF, LDs or subsarcolemmal, SS), and fiber type-specific differences (type I or type II fiber) as well as the size of LD. Ecklonia cava extracts (ECE), which is known to increase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), which leads to decreasing expression level of perilipin2 (PLIN2). PLIN2 is involved
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27

Preedy, V. R., and T. J. Peters. "The effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on protein metabolism in type-I- and type-II-fibre-rich skeletal muscles of the rat." Biochemical Journal 254, no. 3 (1988): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2540631.

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1. The effects of chronic ethanol feeding on muscles containing a predominance of either Type I (aerobic, slow-twitch) or Type II (anaerobic, fast-twitch) fibres were studied. Male Wistar rats, weighing approx. 90 g or 280 g, were pair-fed on a nutritionally complete liquid diet containing 36% of total energy as ethanol, or isovolumetric amounts of the same diet in which ethanol was replaced by isoenergetic glucose. After 6 weeks feeding, fractional rates of protein synthesis were measured with a flooding dose of L-[4-(3)H]-phenylalanine and muscles were analysed for protein, RNA and DNA. 2. E
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Hoff, Eike, Lars Brechtel, Patrick Strube, et al. "Noninvasive Monitoring of Training Induced Muscle Adaptation with -MRS: Fibre Type Shifts Correlate with Metabolic Changes." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/417901.

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Purpose. To evaluate training induced metabolic changes noninvasively with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (-MRS) for measuring muscle fibre type adaptation.Methods. Eleven volunteers underwent a 24-week training, consisting of speed-strength, endurance, and detraining (each 8 weeks). Prior to and following each training period, needle biopsies and -MRS of the resting gastrocnemius muscle were performed. Fibre type distribution was analyzed histologically and tested for correlation with the ratios of high energy phosphates ([PCr]/[], [PCr]/[βATP] and [PCr + ]/[βATP]). The correlation between t
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Christensen, M., P. Henckel, and P. P. Purslow. "Postmortem proteolysis in pork does not depend on fibre type distribution." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200004610.

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Proteolytic degradation is known to be faster in white muscles than in red muscles (Whipple & Koohmaraie, 1992). Variation in eating quality between muscles has often been correlated to their metabolic properties, as determined by the fibre type distribution. Correlations between fibre type distribution and postmortem proteolysis could result from two possible effects: (1) Due to their inherent differences in metabolic potential, composition and content of proteolytic enzymes, fibres of some types may degrade more than others. (2) The balance of fibre types controls postmortem (p.m.) metab
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Flück, Martin, Andrew Ziemiecki, Rudolf Billeter, and Markus Müntener. "Fibre-type specific concentration of focal adhesion kinase at the sarcolemma: influence of fibre innervation and regeneration." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 16 (2002): 2337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.16.2337.

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SUMMARYIn skeletal muscles, focal adhesion complexes (FACs) form part of the costamere, a sarcolemmal protein complex that enables lateral transfer of forces and ensures the stability of the sarcolemma. The present investigation tested whether localisation of a major assembly factor of FACs, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), to the sarcolemma parallels the known modulation of FACs by fibre type (innervation pattern) and fibre regeneration. Immunohistochemical experiments indicated that FAK is preferentially associated with the sarcolemma in a high proportion (>74 %) of the (slow-twitch) type
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Rizov, V. "Fibre Type Effect on Mixed-Mode I/II Interlaminar Fracture in Polymer Composites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 24, no. 3 (2016): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739111602400301.

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Hsu, Y. D., W. H. Lee, M. K. Chang, S. D. Shieh, and W. L. Tsao. "Blood lactate threshold and type II fibre predominance in patients with exertional heatstroke." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 62, no. 2 (1997): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.62.2.182.

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Røren Nordén, Kristine, Hanne Dagfinrud, Amund Løvstad, and Truls Raastad. "Reduced Appendicular Lean Body Mass, Muscle Strength, and Size of Type II Muscle Fibers in Patients with Spondyloarthritis versus Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Study." Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6507692.

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Introduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate body composition, muscle function, and muscle morphology in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods. Ten male SpA patients (mean ± SD age39±4.1years) were compared with ten healthy controls matched for sex, age, body mass index, and self-reported level of physical exercise. Body composition was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Musculus quadriceps femoris (QF) strength was assessed by maximal isometric contractions prior to test of muscular endurance. Magnetic resonance imaging of QF was used to measure muscle size an
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Kovács, I. "Structural performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete — Part II. Compressive behaviour and stress-strain relationship." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 5, no. 1 (2014): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/irase.5.2014.1.3.

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Abstract The present paper of a series deals with the experimental characterisation of compressive strength and compressive behaviour (stress-strain relationship) of different structural concrete containing different volume of steel fibre reinforcement (0 V%, 0.5V%, 1.0V%, 75 kg/m3, 150 kg/m3) and different configuration of steel fibres (crimped, hooked-end). Compressive tests were carried out on standard cube (150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm) and cylinder (Ø = 150 mm, l = 300 mm) specimens considering random fibre orientation. Since the fibre orientation may significantly affect the compressive beha
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Spooner, H. S., B. D. Nielsen, H. C. Schott II, C. I. O'Connor-Robison, and P. A. Harris. "Hydration status of horses performing endurance exercise: II. Evidence for a role of dietary fibre type, not oil supplementation." Comparative Exercise Physiology 9, no. 3-4 (2013): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep13016.

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The equine large intestine has been suggested to serve as a water reservoir during prolonged exercise and may be influenced by dietary fibre source or length. At the same time, oil supplementation may result in performance and possibly hydration advantages. This study was designed to examine the effect of different fibre-based feeds, of similar particle size, on hydration status, with and without oil supplementation. Six two-year-old Arabian horses were randomly assigned to diets containing either chopped grass hay (G) or a 50:50 chopped grass hay: fibre-based chopped mix (GC) and either oil s
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Preedy, Y. R., C. J. Bateman, A. B. Price, and T. J. Peters. "Changes in Type I and Type II Fibre-Rich Muscles following Chronic Ethanol Ingestion in the Young Rat." Clinical Science 74, s18 (1988): 19P. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs074019pb.

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Sohal, G. S., and D. W. Sickles. "Embryonic differentiation of fibre types in normal, paralysed and aneural avian superior oblique muscle." Development 96, no. 1 (1986): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.96.1.79.

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The influence of innervation on the initial differentiation of muscle fibre types was investigated by using the trochlear nucleus—superior oblique muscle system of duck. The adult muscle is composed of three types of fibres (designated as type I, II, III) as identified with the histochemical techniques for ATPase pH sensitivity. Type I fibre ATPase activity was acidstable, alkali-labile; type II alkali-stable, acid-labile; and type III both acid- and alkali-stable. These types showed variable mitochondrial α-glycerophosphatase dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reduct
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38

Hackney, Madeleine. "PARKINSON’S DISEASE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2127.

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Abstract The risk of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) increases with age as over 90% of individuals are diagnosed after the age of 50. Older individuals with PD face a compounding burden of reduced muscle power, decreased muscular endurance, and weakness related to disease specific processes such as an altered pattern of motor unit activation, rigidity and bradykinesia. Individuals with PD demonstrate a tendency towards type I fiber hypertrophy, and a greater heterogeneity for type II fibers. Despite the disease specific burden of PD, exercise results in improved mobility, balance, and movement initia
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39

Drott, U., P. Harter, H. Burkhardt, and M. Mittelbronn. "AB1237 Diagnostic value of proteasomal and autophagic markers in muscular diseases." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1909.2–1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5897.

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Background:Deficient cellular degradation pathways such as autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) show a correlation with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Especially immune-mediated inflammatory myopathies often show therapy-resistant phenotypes with medical need for further understanding of pathogenesis und possible treatment.Objectives:The aim of this work was to study an association of these two degradation pathways in a large group of different muscle entities and to examine a possible influence in the pathogenesis of the investigated muscle diseases. Furthermore, a po
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40

Mota-Rojas, Daniel, Fabio Napolitano, Ana Strappini, et al. "Quality of Death in Fighting Bulls during Bullfights: Neurobiology and Physiological Responses." Animals 11, no. 10 (2021): 2820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11102820.

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During bullfights, bulls undergo physiometabolic responses such as glycolysis, anaerobic reactions, cellular oedema, splenic contraction, and hypovolemic shock. The objective of this review article is to present the current knowledge on the factors that cause stress in fighting bulls during bullfights, including their dying process, by discussing the neurobiology and their physiological responses. The literature shows that biochemical imbalances occur during bullfights, including hypercalcaemia, hypermagnesaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hyperlactataemia, and hyperglycaemia, associated with increas
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Andreas, Roy, Uyi Sulaeman, and Tien Setyaningtyas. "PEMANFAATAN KARBON SABUT KELAPA TERIMPREGNASI UNTUK MENGURANGI TEMBAGA(II) DALAM MEDIUM AIR." Molekul 3, no. 2 (2008): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2008.3.2.53.

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This research is conducted to produce carbons from coconut fibre which approach to activated carbon clause continue with carbon surface modification and the adsorption examination to Cu(II) ions. The research consist of several phase. Carbon making of coconut fibre conducted by carbonization processes at 320-400oC with temperature interval 20oC. Carbon yielded in characterized moisture content, ash content and its adsoprtion to iodium. The carbon surface modification conducted by loaded 2-mercaptobenzotiazol (MBT) on carbon. The adsorpsibility of carbon-MBT tested by influence of contact time,
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Preedy, V. R., S. Venkatesan, T. J. Peters, D. M. Nott, J. Yates, and S. A. Jenkins. "Effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on tissue RNA and blood flow in skeletal muscle with comparative reference to bone and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract of the rat." Clinical Science 76, no. 3 (1989): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0760243.

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1. The effects of feeding a diet containing ethanol as 36% of total calories for 4–5 weeks on muscle RNA content and blood flow was investigated in male rats weighing 150–250 g. Control animals were pair-fed the same diet in which ethanol was substituted by isocaloric glucose. 2. Chronic ethanol consumption reduced the capacity for type II (anaerobic, fast-twitch) fibre-rich skeletal muscles to synthesize protein as reflected by a decreased RNA/protein ratio. Type 1 (aerobic, slow-twitch) fibre-rich muscles were unaffected. 3. Ethanol feeding had no significant effect on cardiac output. Furthe
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43

Housh, Terry J., Rommie J. Hughes, Glen O. Johnson, et al. "Age-Related Increases in the Shoulder Strength of High School Wrestlers." Pediatric Exercise Science 2, no. 1 (1990): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2.1.65.

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The purpose of this investigation was to examine age-related differences in absolute and relative isokinetic shoulder strength of high school wrestlers. A total of 122 high school wrestlers (M age = 16.31±1.18 yrs) volunteered to be measured for arm flexion and extension strength at the shoulder joint using a Cybex II dynamometer at 30, 180, and 300°·s−1. The sample was divided into four age groups: 13.75−15.00 (n = 22), 15.08−16.00 (n = 27), 16.08−17.00 (n = 34), and 17.08−18.83 years (n = 39). The results of this study indicated significant increases in absolute and relative arm flexion and
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Mitchell, Cameron J., Sara Y. Oikawa, Dan I. Ogborn, et al. "Daily chocolate milk consumption does not enhance the effect of resistance training in young and old men: a randomized controlled trial." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 40, no. 2 (2015): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2014-0329.

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Older and younger men completed 12 weeks of resistance training and ingested either 500 mL of chocolate milk or placebo daily. Training increased strength in both age groups (p < 0.05), with no supplementation effect. Type I muscle fibre area increased with training (p = 0.008) with no effect of age or supplementation. Type II fibre area increased (p = 0.014) in young men only with no supplementation effect. Chocolate milk did not enhance skeletal muscle hypertrophy following training.
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45

Kaviani, Mojtaba, Keely Shaw, and Philip D. Chilibeck. "Benefits of Creatine Supplementation for Vegetarians Compared to Omnivorous Athletes: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (2020): 3041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093041.

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Background: Creatine monohydrate is a nutritional supplement often consumed by athletes in anaerobic sports. Creatine is naturally found in most meat products; therefore, vegetarians have reduced creatine stores and may benefit from supplementation. Objective: to determine the effects of creatine supplementation on vegetarians. Data sources: PubMed and SPORTDiscus. Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials (parallel group, cross-over studies) or prospective studies. Participants: Vegetarians. Intervention: Creatine supplementation. Study appraisal and synthesis: A total of 64 records
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Gardiner, Phillip F., Michèle Favron, and Pierre Corriveau. "Histochemical and contractile responses of rat medial gastrocnemius to 2 weeks of complete disuse." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 8 (1992): 1075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-149.

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We studied the histochemical and in situ contractile changes in a rat ankle extensor, medial gastrocnemius, in which activation of muscle fibres by motoneurones was blocked for 14 days, using the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin applied to the sciatic nerve. Muscles were atrophied and showed slower twitch responses, greater fusion at subtetanic frequencies of stimulation, and higher twitch/tetanic ratios. Tetanic force/mm2 of fibre area and fatiguability were unchanged. Type II fibres were more atrophied and showed greater decreases in mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity than typ
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47

Finley, James M., Joël Henry, Milo SP Shaffer, and Soraia Pimenta. "The influence of variability and defects on the mechanical performance of tailorable composites." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 5 (2019): 565–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319862855.

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Aligned hybrid-fibre discontinuous composites offer the ability to tailor their mechanical response through careful microstructural design. However, with tailorability comes microstructural complexity, which in turn leads to many sources of variability and defects. A virtual testing framework was further extended to investigate the influence of variability and defects on the mechanical performance of various aligned discontinuous composite material systems. This approach identified the most critical sources of variability as (i) fibre strength, (ii) the distance between fibre ends, or (iii) th
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Chao, Tony, David M. Burmeister, Benjamin T. Corona, and Sarah M. Greising. "Oxidative pathophysiology following volumetric muscle loss injury in a porcine model." Journal of Applied Physiology 126, no. 6 (2019): 1541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00026.2019.

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Volumetric muscle loss (VML) occurs after severe orthopedic trauma and results in loss of muscle fibers and function that can leave patients permanently disabled. Although animals models of VML are useful to test possible therapeutic strategies, the pathophysiological characteristics of remaining skeletal muscle and changes in metabolism are not thoroughly understood. Herein, alterations of neuromuscular function, muscle fiber morphology, myosin heavy chain expression, and myofiber mitochondrial respiration were evaluated in an adult Yorkshire swine VML injury model. VML injured animals showed
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49

Lomax, R. B., and W. R. Robertson. "The effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on fibre composition and mitochondrial enzyme activities in rat skeletal muscle." Journal of Endocrinology 133, no. 3 (1992): 375—NP. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1330375.

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ABSTRACT Hypo- and hyperthyroidism have been associated with changes in the activities of mitochondrial enzymes in homogenates of skeletal muscles, but it is unclear whether such changes were due to changes in single fibre enzyme activities or to previously documented changes in relative numbers of fibres. In this study the activities of the mitochondrial enzymes α-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (m-αGPDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were measured in single fibres of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of the rat by cytochemical assays. In the soleus muscles of hypothyroid animals ther
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50

Elia, Antonis, Oliver J. Wilson, Matthew Lees, et al. "Skeletal muscle, haematological and splenic volume characteristics of elite breath-hold divers." European Journal of Applied Physiology 119, no. 11-12 (2019): 2499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04230-6.

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Abstract Purpose The aim of the study was to provide an evaluation of the oxygen transport, exchange and storage capacity of elite breath-hold divers (EBHD) compared with non-divers (ND). Methods Twenty-one healthy males’ (11 EBHD; 10 ND) resting splenic volumes were assessed by ultrasound and venous blood drawn for full blood count analysis. Percutaneous skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from the m. vastus lateralis to measure capillarisation, and fibre type-specific localisation and distribution of myoglobin and mitochondrial content using quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy. Res
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