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Journal articles on the topic 'Fibre suspension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Redlinger-Pohn, Jakob D., Melanie Mayr, Gregor Schaub, David Gruber, and Stefan Radl. "Fines mobility and distribution in streaming fibre networks: experimental evidence and numerical modeling." Cellulose 27, no. 16 (2020): 9663–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03443-9.

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AbstractThe motion of flocculated fibres in a streaming suspension is governed by the balance of the network strength and hydrodynamic forces. With increasing flow rate through a channel, (1) the network initially occupying all space, (2) is then compressed to the centre, and (3) ultimately dispersed. This classical view neglects fibres-fines: we find that the distribution of these small particles differs in streaming suspensions. While it is known that fibre-fines can escape the fibre network, we find that the distribution of fibre-fines is non-homogenous in the network during compression: fi

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2

Sridang, P. Choksuchart, M. Heran, and A. Grasmick. "Influence of module configuration and hydrodynamics in water clarification by immersed membrane systems." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 6-7 (2005): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0631.

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Different immersed membrane systems were compared according to the module configuration. Filtering concentrated aqueous suspensions under constant permeate flux, the hydraulic performances of the systems were evaluated and compared through parameters such as critical permeate flux notion and trans-membrane pressure variation rates. Operational variables were membrane size and module fibre density, aeration inside or outside the fibre network, suspension concentration and physico-chemical conditioning. When using hollow fibres including a possible air injection inside the fibre network, results

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3

Manikantan, Harishankar, Lei Li, Saverio E. Spagnolie, and David Saintillan. "The instability of a sedimenting suspension of weakly flexible fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 756 (September 9, 2014): 935–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.482.

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AbstractSuspensions of sedimenting slender fibres in a viscous fluid are known to be unstable to fluctuations of concentration. In this paper we develop a theory for the role of fibre flexibility in sedimenting suspensions in the asymptotic regime of weakly flexible bodies (large elasto-gravitation number). Unlike the behaviour of straight fibres, individual flexible filaments rotate as they sediment, leading to an anisotropic base state of fibre orientations in an otherwise homogeneous suspension. A mean-field theory is derived to describe the evolution of fibre concentration and orientation

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4

Feist, Markus, Hermann Nirschl, Jörg Wagner, Georg Hirsch, and Samuel Schabel. "Experimental Results for the Settling Behaviour of Particle-Fiber Mixtures." Physical Separation in Science and Engineering 2007 (February 11, 2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/91740.

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Sedimentation of organic fibres and inorganic particles can be observed in several industrial applications. Fibres are involved not only in wastewater treatment but also in other separation applications. In the paper industry, the separation of inorganic filler and coating particles from short cellulose fibres is still a challenge in the recycling process. During that process, particles have to be removed to obtain a purified fibre suspension. These fibres can be used again to produce new paper. With the currently applied techniques, like screening and flotation, the efficiency of short fibre

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5

Shankar, Vijay, Anton Lundberg, Taraka Pamidi, Lars-Olof Landström, and Örjan Johansson. "CFD Analysis of Turbulent Fibre Suspension Flow." Fluids 5, no. 4 (2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5040175.

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A new model for turbulent fibre suspension flow is proposed by introducing a model for the fibre orientation distribution function (ODF). The coupling between suspended fibres and the fluid momentum is then introduced through the second and fourth order fibre orientation tensors, respectively. From the modelled ODF, a method to construct explicit expressions for the components of the orientation tensors as functions of the flow field is derived. The implementation of the method provides a fibre model that includes the anisotropic detail of the stresses introduced due to presence of the fibres,

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6

BUTLER, JASON E., and ERIC S. G. SHAQFEH. "Dynamic simulations of the inhomogeneous sedimentation of rigid fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 468 (October 8, 2002): 205–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112002001544.

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We have simulated the dynamics of suspensions of fibres sedimenting in the limit of zero Reynolds number. In these simulations, the dominant inter-particle force arises from hydrodynamic interactions between the rigid, non-Brownian fibres. The simulation algorithm uses slender-body theory to model the linear and rotational velocities of each fibre. To include far-field interactions between the fibres, the line distribution of force on each fibre is approximated by making a Legendre polynomial expansion of the disturbance velocity on the fibre, where only the first two terms of the expansion ar

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7

HARLEN, OLIVER G., R. R. SUNDARARAJAKUMAR, and DONALD L. KOCH. "Numerical simulations of a sphere settling through a suspension of neutrally buoyant fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 388 (June 10, 1999): 355–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099004929.

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The sedimentation of a small dense sphere through a suspension of neutrally buoyant fibres is investigated via a numerical simulation technique that includes both fibre–fibre contact forces and long-range hydrodynamic interactions. In situations where the diameter of the sphere is smaller than the length of the fibres, calculations that exclude the effect of contacts between fibres severely underestimate the drag force on the sphere measured in experiments. By including fibre–fibre contacts in our simulations we are to able to account for this discrepancy, and also the strong dependence of the

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8

Voinov, Nikolai, Anastasiya Bogatkova, Denis Zemtsov, Aleksandr Vititnev, and Roman Marchenko. "Sedimentation of refined cellulosic pulp fines in the suspension during physical agglomeration." BioResources 17, no. 3 (2022): 3883–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.3.3883-3905.

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A physical coagulator of fines was employed to separate suspensions comprising refined sulphate cellulose and waste paper, where no reagents were required. The physical coagulator was a porous cylinder with a rotating disk placed in its cavity. Using the MorFi Neo fibre analyser and the Hitachi SU 3500 digital microscope, a dispersed size distribution of well-developed fines in a suspension derived from softwood and hardwood pulp was obtained. The kinetics of fine sedimentation in the suspension was studied. The sedimentation rate of both individual agglomerates and a mass of them, as well as

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9

Mackaplow, Michael B., and Eric S. G. Shaqfeh. "A numerical study of the rheological properties of suspensions of rigid, non-Brownian fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 329 (December 25, 1996): 155–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096008889.

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Using techniques developed in our previous publication (Mackaplow et al. 1994), we complete a comprehensive set of numerical simulations of the volume-averaged stress tensor in a suspension of rigid, non-Brownian slender fibres at zero Reynolds number. In our problem formulation, we use slender-body theory to develop a set of integral equations to describe the interfibre hydrodynamic interactions at all orders. These integral equations are solved for a large number of interacting fibres in a periodically extended box. The simulations thus developed are an accurate representation of the suspens

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10

Schiek, Richard L., and Eric S. G. Shaqfeh. "A nonlocal theory for stress in bound, Brownian suspensions of slender, rigid fibres." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 296 (August 10, 1995): 271–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095002138.

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A nonlocal theory for stress in bound suspensions of rigid, slender fibres is developed and used to predict the rheology of dilute, rigid polymer suspensions when confined to capillaries or fine porous media. Because the theory is nonlocal, we describe transport in a fibre suspension where the velocity and concentration fields change rapidly on the fibre's characteristic length. Such rapid changes occur in a rigidly bound domain because suspended particles are sterically excluded from configurations near the boundaries. A rigorous no-flux condition resulting from the presence of solid boundari

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11

MACKAPLOW, MICHAEL B., and ERIC S. G. SHAQFEH. "A numerical study of the sedimentation of fibre suspensions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 376 (December 10, 1998): 149–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098002663.

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The sedimentation of fibre suspensions at low Reynolds number is studied using two different, but complementary, numerical simulation methods: (1) Monte Carlo simulations, which consider interparticle hydrodynamic interactions at all orders within the slender-body theory approximation (Mackaplow & Shaqfeh 1996), and (ii) dynamic simulations, which consider point–particle interactions and are accurate for suspension concentrations of nl3=1, where n and l are the number density and characteristic half-length of the fibres, respectively. For homogeneous, isotropic suspensions, the Monte Carlo

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12

KROCHAK, P. J., J. A. OLSON, and D. M. MARTINEZ. "Near-wall estimates of the concentration and orientation distribution of a semi-dilute rigid fibre suspension in Poiseuille flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 653 (April 30, 2010): 431–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010000406.

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A model is presented to predict the orientation and concentration state of a semi-dilute, rigid fibre suspension in a plane channel flow. A probability distribution function is used to describe the local orientation and concentration states of the suspension and evolves according to a Fokker–Planck equation. The fibres are free to interact with each other hydrodynamically and are modelled using the approach outlined by Folgar & Tucker (J. Reinf. Plast. Comp. vol. 3, 1984, p. 98). Near the channel walls, the no-flux boundary conditions as proposed by Schiek & Shaqfeh (J. Fluid Mech. vol

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13

Sunny, Tom, Kim L. Pickering, and John McDonald-Wharry. "Improving the Alignment of Dynamic Sheet-Formed Mats by Changing Nozzle Geometry and Their Reinforcement of Polypropylene Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 9 (2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090226.

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The main objective of this study was to improve the orientation of fibres within the mats produced using dynamic sheet forming (DSF). DSF is used to make fibre mats by forcing a fibre suspension through a nozzle onto a rotating drum. In this research, the effect of nozzle geometry on the orientation of hemp fibres within DSF mats was investigated. The orientation of fibres within the mats produced was assessed using ImageJ (OrientationJ) and X-ray diffraction. It was found that, as the contraction ratio of the nozzle increased, the orientation of fibres within the fibre mats increased. It was

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14

Hadraba, Hynek, Zdeněk Chlup, Daniel Drdlík, and Jaroslav Cihlář. "Microfibres Containing Laminates Prepared by EPD: Kinetics of Co-Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 654 (July 2015): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.654.65.

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The aim of this work was preparation of alumina laminates and fibre reinforced alumina containing zirconia micro-fibres inside the inter-layer interface. Electrophoretic deposition was performed from concentrated isopropanolic suspensions stabilised by monochloracetic acid containing mixture of alumina powder and certain amount of zirconia micro-fibres. A method for in-situ monitoring of deposited amount of mixture of particles and fibres mass was applied to control deposition kinetics. Two different approaches for composite deposition were applied: pre-milling of powders mixture prior electro

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15

Sykes, P., and J. M. Rallison. "Lubrication theory for a fibre suspension." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 71, no. 1-2 (1997): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0257(97)00014-1.

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16

Sykes, P., and J. M. Rallison. "Lubrication theory for a fibre suspension." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 71, no. 1-2 (1997): 137–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0257(97)00015-3.

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17

Yan, Huawei, Tom Lindström, and Mikael Ankerfors. "Fibre length effect on fibre suspension flocculation and sheet formation." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 21, no. 1 (2006): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2006-21-01-p030-035.

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18

Moritz, Kirsten, and Eberhard Müller. "Electrophoretic Deposition of Ceramic Powders-Influence of Suspension and Processing Parameters." Key Engineering Materials 314 (July 2006): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.314.51.

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The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of AlN, Al2O3 and SiC, respectively, from ethanolic suspensions stabilised by suitable organic additives has been investigated. A main topic of this paper is the EPD in the direction of the gravitational force. Using an AlN suspension, the deposit weight depending on the experimental parameters was determined. The deposition was carried out under constant voltage or constant current conditions. Several factors influencing the effective electric field strength will be discussed. It could be shown that the conductivity of the suspension results mainly from th

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19

Ahmed, Shams Forruque. "Theoretical Model Development for Energy Motion of Dusty Turbulent Flow of Fibre Suspensions in a Rotational Frame." Complexity 2022 (April 12, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8705997.

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Fibre suspension has garnered considerable attention in turbulent flows that are used in many industries. Solid particles, such as dust particles, notably affect the turbulent flow field in a rotational frame. In assessing their impacts, the dusty turbulent flow for fibre suspensions needs to be studied in a frame of rotation that can be substantially applied in many industries. This study, therefore, aims to build a theoretical model for the energy motion of dusty turbulent flow of fibre suspensions in a rotational frame. The turbulence momentum equation was considered to formulate the model

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20

Bekem, Aylin, and Ahmet Unal. "Polyamide 12/E-glass Fabric Composite Production with Dip-coating." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818801022.

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In this study PA12 was reinforced with E-glass woven fabric by dip-coating. PA12 powder and ethanol suspensions were prepared with ratios at 30, 40 and 50% of powder to obtain different fibre contents. Coated fabrics were laid-up and kept in oven at 60°C to evaporate ethanol. Then it was placed in a compression mould and pressed. Obtained laminates were subjected to tensile, bending and impact tests. Fractured surfaces were observed. It was found that mechanical properties were highest when 40% PA powder used in suspension with dip-coating with additional lamination. Fibre failure and fibre pu

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21

Wicaksana, F., A. G. Fan, and V. Chen. "The relationship between critical flux and fibre movement induced by bubbling in a submerged hollow fibre system." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 6-7 (2005): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0629.

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Bubbling has been used to enhance various processes. In this paper we deal with the effect of bubbling on submerged hollow fibre membranes, where bubbling is applied to prevent severe membrane fouling. Previous work with submerged hollow fibres has observed that significant fibre movement can be induced by bubbling and that there is a qualitative relationship between fibre movement and filtration performance. Therefore, the aim of the present research has been to analyse the link between bubbling, fibre movement and critical flux, identified as the flux at which the transmembrane pressure (TMP

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22

Magalhães, Flávia, Eduardo Ferreira, Lidiane Bessa, Costa Dias, Adeodato Vieira, and Miria Reis. "Fabrication of kaolin hollow fibre membranes for bacteria removal." Processing and Application of Ceramics 14, no. 4 (2020): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac2004303m.

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This study examines the influence of the particle size, extrusion rate and sintering temperature on the characteristics of kaolin hollow fibre membranes. In addition, the produced membranes were applied for bacteria removal from an aqueous suspension. The milling process reduced the size of kaolin particles from 8.7 to 5.1 ?m and greatly enhanced the morphology and mechanical resistance of the produced membranes. The increase in the sintering temperature up to 1250?C caused crystallographic phase modifications in the crude kaolin, which were mainly assigned to transformations of quartz and kao

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23

Magalhães, Flávia, Eduardo Ferreira, Lidiane Bessa, Costa Dias, Adeodato Vieira, and Miria Reis. "Fabrication of kaolin hollow fibre membranes for bacteria removal." Processing and Application of Ceramics 14, no. 4 (2020): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac2004303m.

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This study examines the influence of the particle size, extrusion rate and sintering temperature on the characteristics of kaolin hollow fibre membranes. In addition, the produced membranes were applied for bacteria removal from an aqueous suspension. The milling process reduced the size of kaolin particles from 8.7 to 5.1 ?m and greatly enhanced the morphology and mechanical resistance of the produced membranes. The increase in the sintering temperature up to 1250?C caused crystallographic phase modifications in the crude kaolin, which were mainly assigned to transformations of quartz and kao

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24

Djalili-Moghaddam, Mina, and Staffan Toll. "Fibre suspension rheology: effect of concentration, aspect ratio and fibre size." Rheologica Acta 45, no. 3 (2005): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-005-0021-y.

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25

Jian-Zhong, Lin, Li Jun, and Zhang Wei-Feng. "Orientation distribution of fibres in a channel flow of fibre suspension." Chinese Physics 14, no. 12 (2005): 2529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-1963/14/12/026.

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26

Wong, Shiu-chun. "The fibre of the iterated Freudenthal suspension." Mathematische Zeitschrift 215, no. 1 (1994): 377–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02571721.

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27

Reddy, B. D., and G. P. Mitchell. "Finite element analysis of fibre suspension flows." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 190, no. 18-19 (2001): 2349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7825(00)00238-3.

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28

Hamedi, Naser, and Lars-Göran Westerberg. "Simulation of Flexible Fibre Particle Interaction with a Single Cylinder." Processes 9, no. 2 (2021): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020191.

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In the present study, the flow of a fibre suspension in a channel containing a cylinder was numerically studied for a very low Reynolds number. Further, the model was validated against previous studies by observing the flexible fibres in the shear flow. The model was employed to simulate the rigid, semi-flexible, and fully flexible fibre particle in the flow past a single cylinder. Two different fibre lengths with various flexibilities were applied in the simulations, while the initial orientation angle to the flow direction was changed between 45° ≤ θ ≤ 75°. It was shown that the influence of

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29

Kondora, Grzegorz, and Dariusz Asendrych. "Modelling the Dynamics of Flexible and Rigid Fibres." Chemical and Process Engineering 34, no. 1 (2013): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpe-2013-0008.

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Abstract A particle-level simulation technique has been developed for modelling fibre suspension flow in a converging channel of a papermachine headbox. The fibre model is represented by a chain of elements connected together. The model was verified by the simulation of rigid fibre dynamics in a simple shear flow. The period of rotation was found to be in a very good agreement with theory and reference data. The model was then employed to simulate fibre motion in a converging channel of a papermachine headbox. Fibre suspension motion was resolved using two-step procedure. Velocity field was ca

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30

Schiek, Richard L., and Eric S. G. Shaqfeh. "Cross-streamline migration of slender Brownian fibres in plane Poiseuille flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 332 (February 1997): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096003291.

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We consider fibre migration across streamlines in a suspension under plane Poiseuille flow. The flow investigated lies between two infinite, parallel plates separated by a distance comparable to the length of a suspended fibre. We consider the weak flow limit such that Brownian motion strongly affects the fibre position and orientation. Under these conditions, the fibre distribution, fibre mobility and fluid velocity field all vary on scales comparable to the fibre's length thus complicating a traditional volumeaveraging approach to solving this problem. Therefore, we use a non-local derivatio

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31

Harlen, O. G., and Donald L. Koch. "Simple shear flow of a suspension of fibres in a dilute polymer solution at high Deborah number." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 252 (July 1993): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112093003726.

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The behaviour of fibre suspensions in dilute polymer solutions at high Deborah numbers is analysed. In particular, we calculate the change to the extension of the polymers and the orientation of the fibres caused by hydrodynamic interactions between the polymers and the fibres. At a sufficiently high Deborah number the combined effect of the fibre velocity disturbances and the mean shear flow produce a dramatic increase in the extension of the polymers, similar to the coil-stretch transition observed in extensional flow.The non-Newtonian stresses caused by the polymers produce a perturbation t

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32

Pozegic, Thomas R., Samantha Huntley, Marco L. Longana, et al. "Improving Dispersion of Recycled Discontinuous Carbon Fibres to Increase Fibre Throughput in the HiPerDiF Process." Materials 13, no. 7 (2020): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071544.

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In order to increase the material throughput of aligned discontinuous fibre composites using technologies such as HiPerDiF, stability of the carbon fibres in an aqueous solution needs to be achieved. Subsequently, a range of surfactants, typically employed to disperse carbon-based materials, have been assessed to determine the most appropriate for use in this regard. The optimum stability of the discontinuous fibres was observed when using the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, which was superior to a range of other non-ionic and anionic surfactants, and single-fibre fragmen

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33

Yang, Zhi Yuan, Hai Zhen Shi, and Yan Jun Tang. "Changes in Layer Properties and Physical Properties of Papers from Old Corrugated Container Fibres with PDADMAC/HEC Polyelectrolyte Multilayers." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.67.

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In this paper, Old Corrugated Container (OCC) was used as the raw material for making paper. The layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly process of creating highly structured thin films was adopted to modify the surface of OCC fibres. Poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) have been used to build up polyelectrolyte multilayers on OCC fibres under a certain condition. Zeta potential analyzer was used to monitor the dynamic adsorption of PDADMAC and HEC with different amount on OCC fibers. Strength measurements of the sheets including tensile index and bursting in

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34

Papilin, N. M., A. F. Kapitanov, V. A. Volkov, A. Yu Gladyshev, V. G. Babashov, and N. M. Varrik. "Basis for the formula for the fibre suspension." Fibre Chemistry 41, no. 5 (2009): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-010-9195-x.

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35

Yenjaichon, Wisarn, John R. Grace, C. Jim Lim, and Chad P. J. Bennington. "Gas dispersion in horizontal pulp-fibre-suspension flow." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 49 (March 2013): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.10.001.

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Hämäläinen, J., S. B. Lindström, T. Hämäläinen, and H. Niskanen. "Papermaking fibre-suspension flow simulations at multiple scales." Journal of Engineering Mathematics 71, no. 1 (2010): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-010-9433-5.

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37

McComb, W. D., and K. T. J. Chan. "Laser-Doppler anemometer measurements of turbulent structure in drag-reducing fibre suspensions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 152 (March 1985): 455–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112085000787.

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A laser-Doppler anemometer (LDA) was used to measure turbulent velocities in drag-reducing fibre suspensions. Measurements of streamwise velocities (and, in one case, the circumferential velocity as well) were made in flow through a straight pipe at x/d = 190, and at Reynolds numbers in the range 1.4 × 104–5.3 × 104. The fibres used were chrysotile asbestos of high aspect ratio (∼ 106), at a concentration of 300 w.p.p.m. They were dispersed in an aqueous solution of a surfactant (0.5% by weight Aerosol OT). In some experiments, the fibre suspensions were supplemented by a drag-reducing polymer

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38

Eberling-Fux, N., R. Pailler, A. Guette, Sebastien Bertrand, and Eric Philippe. "Impregnation of 3D Woven Carbon Fibre Preforms by Electrophoretic Deposition of Single and Mix of Non Oxide Ceramic Nanoscale Powders, and Densification of the Composite Material." Advances in Science and Technology 50 (October 2006): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.91.

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3D woven carbon fibre preforms (~ 2 mm thickness) were impregnated with single or mixture of non oxide ceramic nanoscale powders in ethanolic suspensions using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The measurement of the ζ potential of the suspension compared with its behaviour in sedimentation permits to conclude about the optimal concentration of surfactant necessary to get the most stable suspension. The experimental results were in agreement with the theoretical ones obtained using DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek) theory. EPDs were carried out by applying a constant voltage betwee

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39

AZAIEZ, J. "Linear stability of free shear flows of fibre suspensions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 404 (February 10, 2000): 179–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211209900717x.

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A linear stability analysis of the mixing layer in the presence of fibre additives is presented. Using a formulation based on moments of the probability distribution function to determine the particle orientation, we extend the classical linear stability theory and derive a modified Orr–Sommerfeld equation. It is found that, for large Reynolds numbers, the flow instability is governed by two parameters: a dimensionless group H, analogous to a reciprocal Reynolds number representing the importance of inertial forces versus viscous forces associated with the anisotropic elongational viscosity of

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40

Kamiyama, Yasuhiko. "Geometric Approximation Of The Fibre Of The Freudenthal Suspension." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 30, no. 6 (1998): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0024609398004603.

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41

Munganga, J. M. W., B. D. Reddy, and K. J. Diatezua. "Aspects of the thermodynamic stability of fibre suspension flows." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 92, no. 2-3 (2000): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0257(00)00092-6.

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42

Fan, X. J., N. Phan-Thien, and R. Zheng. "Simulation of fibre suspension flow with shear-induced migration." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 90, no. 1 (2000): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0257(99)00054-3.

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43

Cui, Heping, and John R. Grace. "Flow of pulp fibre suspension and slurries: A review." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 33, no. 9 (2007): 921–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2007.03.004.

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44

Pettersson, Johan, and Anders Rasmuson. "LDA Measurements on a Turbulent Gas/Liquid/Fibre Suspension." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 82, no. 2 (2008): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450820208.

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Jiang, Guozhan, Thomas A. Turner, and Stephen J. Pickering. "The shear viscosity of carbon fibre suspension and its application for fibre length measurement." Rheologica Acta 55, no. 1 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-015-0890-7.

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Hardacre, Allan K., Roger G. Lentle, Sia-Yen Yap, and John A. Monro. "Predicting the viscosity of digesta from the physical characteristics of particle suspensions using existing rheological models." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 142 (2018): 20180092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0092.

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The measurement of the viscosity of digesta is complicated by settling and compositional changes that accompany digestion. The current work determined whether the apparent and relative viscosities ( η a and η r ) of digesta could be accurately determined from the actual and maximum solid volume fractions ( ϕ and ϕ max , respectively) using the Maron–Pierce equation. The rheological properties of digesta from the small intestine of six pigs were determined at a shear rate of 1 s −1 at 37°C. A series of suspensions of plant fibre in a Newtonian liquid (70% aqueous fructose) were made at viscosit

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Selick, Paul. "The Fibre of the Double Suspension is an H-Space." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 28, no. 1 (1985): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-1985-015-6.

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Faia, Pedro, Rui Silva, Maria G. Rasteiro, and Fernando Garcia. "Electrical Tomography: A Review of Configurations, and Application to Fibre Flow Suspensions Characterisation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 2355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072355.

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Understanding the behaviour of suspension flows continues to be a subject of great interest considering its industrial relevance, regardless of the long time and effort dedicated to it by the scientific and industrial communities. Information about several flow characteristics, such as flow regimen, relative velocity between phases, and spatial distribution of the phases, are essential for the development of exact models for description of processes involving pulp suspension. Among the diverse non-invasive techniques for flow characterisation that have been reported in the literature for obtai

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Gardiner, Phillip F., Michèle Favron, and Pierre Corriveau. "Histochemical and contractile responses of rat medial gastrocnemius to 2 weeks of complete disuse." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 8 (1992): 1075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-149.

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We studied the histochemical and in situ contractile changes in a rat ankle extensor, medial gastrocnemius, in which activation of muscle fibres by motoneurones was blocked for 14 days, using the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin applied to the sciatic nerve. Muscles were atrophied and showed slower twitch responses, greater fusion at subtetanic frequencies of stimulation, and higher twitch/tetanic ratios. Tetanic force/mm2 of fibre area and fatiguability were unchanged. Type II fibres were more atrophied and showed greater decreases in mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity than typ

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Bourden, S., R. Ben Aim, and M. Mietton-Peuchot. "Etude par capteur optique du dépôt formé lors de la filtration d'une suspension de bentonite sur fibre creuse." Revue des sciences de l'eau 6, no. 2 (2005): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705169ar.

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Lors de la filtration sur fibres creuses de suspensions de bentonite, il a été mis en évidence que le facteur limitant est la formation d'un dépôt à la surface de la fibre. Parlant de ces considérations, un dispositif optique a été mis au point pour suivre l'évolution spatio-temporelle du dépôt en cours de filtration sur fibre creuse à peau externe. Ainsi, il a pu être mis en évidence que l'influence de la vitesse d'écoulement n'est sensible qu'après un certain temps de filtration ou un certain volume filtré. Dans le domaine testé des faibles vitesses d'écoulement, il existe une période initia

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