Academic literature on the topic 'Fiducia'

Lucrarea de față se concentrează asupra unui tip de proprietate garanție, denumit fiducia-garanție. Studiul este împărțit în nu mai puțin de patru părți. Întâi, este expusă proprietatea-garanție în general. Apoi, sunt redate niște generalități referitoare la fiducie. Mai departe, se vede expusă fiducia-garanție. În final, tradiționalele concluzii sunt înlocuite cu scurte remarci dedicate fiduciei garanție și Codului civil român.

Lucrarea de față se concentrează asupra unui tip de proprietate garanție, denumit fiducia-garanție. Studiul este împărțit în nu mai puțin de patru părți. Întâi, este expusă proprietatea-garanție în general. Apoi, sunt redate niște generalități referitoare la fiducie. Mai departe, se vede expusă fiducia-garanție. În final, tradiționalele concluzii sunt înlocuite cu scurte remarci dedicate fiduciei-garanție și Codului civil român.

The fiducia is an institution of long standing tradition in the civil law systems, being regulated in these ever since the roman law period. But, by the assuming the Napoleon French Civil Code, the fiducia was taken out of the regulations of our country, until the entry into force of the 2011 Civil Code. Then, our legislator decided to acquire the French regulations and reintroduce in the national regulations the fiducia institution. Unfortunately, the institution did not come to know success – although meant to compete with the Anglo-Saxon trust, at the present moment there are up to 200 fiducia registered in Romania. On the opposite side, almost 20% of Americans owns a type of trust. The circumstances in Romania are similar to those in France, where the current regulation of the fiducia was „conceived”, where scholars as well as practitioners have tried the implementation of different variations of the fiducia in order to make the institution applicable. Thus were created fiducia-warranty (fiducie sûreté), fiducia management (fiducie gestion), and scholars have spoke about fiducia concessionary (fiducie libéralité). The present study aims to analyse the fiducia warranty institution and to suggest a „transposition” of this practice in the Romanian legislation. We do not consider that the fiducia will generate as much enthusiasm as the trust, that is much more flexible in its constitution as well as its exploitation, but we consider that it may develop its application in our national legislation.

Pembebasan jaminan fidusia menjadi tindakan melanggar hukum yang dijalani oleh penjamin fidusia (pihak yang memberikan jaminan) dari sisi debitur dengan memberikan, mentransfer, atau mengalihkan kepemilikan barang jaminan fidusia kepada pihak lain dengan tujuan penjualan tanpa terjadinya suatu persetujuan penerima jaminan fidusia (kreditur). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai implementasi hukum pidana terkait pelanggaran Undang-Undang Jaminan Fidusia No. 42 Tahun 1999 di Indonesia, terutama dalam konteks kasus penggelapan. Studi kasus yang dipilih adalah Putusan PN Depok nomor 11/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Dpk yang melibatkan terdakwa Dita Wiratna alias Didit Bin Sutono. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis hukum dan studi kasus untuk menggali tantangan dan strategi dalam menegakkan Undang-Undang Jaminan Fiducia. Data yang diperoleh berasal dari tinjauan literatur, analisis peraturan hukum terkait, dan pemantauan perkembangan kasus penggelapan yang telah diproses oleh sistem peradilan. Maksud dari penelitian ini adalah menyajikan wawasan yang lebih mendalam mengenai keefektifan penerapan Undang-Undang Jaminan Fiducia dalam menangani kasus penggelapan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga berupaya mengidentifikasi hambatan konkret yang dihadapi oleh sistem peradilan dalam menyelesaikan kasus semacam ini. Harapannya, hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan rekomendasi atau pandangan konstruktif terkait perbaikan atau peningkatan efisiensi penegakan hukum terkait Jaminan Fiducia di Indonesia. Di samping itu, studi ini bisa menjadi acuan bagi pihak-pihak yang relevan seperti praktisi hukum, dan akademisi yang tertarik dalam bidang hukum pidana dan hukum jaminan fiducia.

Fiducia sebagai lembaga jaminan hutang temyata cukup gencar dipraktekkan dalam dunia bisnis, kenyataannya belum mendapat kedudukan yang wajar dalam perundang-undangan maupun jurisprudensi di Indonesia. Posisi kreditur dengan jaminan fidusia ini sangat lemah, prosedur eksekusi cepat semakin dipersulit dan diperlambat, sementara objek fidusia semakin menyempit. Sebaliknya debitur yang nakal dapat semakin leluasa bergerak, dengan berlindung di belakang tembok-tembok hukum yang kaku dan tidak reasonable. Hal demikian tidak perlu terjadi, seandainya saja pengaturan dan yurisprudensi tentang fidusia dapat ditata secara lebih baik.

Jaminan fidusia adalah hak jaminan atas benda bergerak baik yang berwujud maupun tidak berwujud dan benda tidak bergerak. Berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 30 UU Fidusia “Pemberi Fidusia wajib menyerahkan benda yang menjadi objek jaminan dalam rangka pelaksanaan eksekusi jaminan Fidusi Permasalahan yang sering muncul pada kasus ini adalah apabila debitor tidak memberikan benda jaminan secara sukarela, kreditor seringkali melakukan tindakan paksa untuk mengambilnya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai hal-hal apa saja yang harus dilakukan jika mengalami hal tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyuluhan ini menggunakan metode ceramah yang diikuti dengan tanya jawab. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan sesi tanya jawab. Masyarakat gelogor kurang mendapat informasi mengenai executie obyek jaminan fiducia. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari antusian masyarakat dalam memberikan pertanyaan terkait meteri yang kami berikan. mereka tidak mengatahui akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan dari tidak dilaksanakan kewajibannya pada bank. Sehingga banyak dari pemberi fidusia yang menggadaikan emasnya pada lembaga penggadaian dengan tujuan mengembalikan pinjaman yang menunggak tersebut. Serta masyarakat juga kurang memahai akibat lain dari tidak dilaksanakan kewajiban dari pemberi fidusia, yaitu barang jaminan, berupa benda bergerak dilelang oleh lembanga perbankan, melalui Kantor Lelang Negara. Sehingga dapat di desa gelogor perlu diadakan penyuluhan hukum yang berkelanjutan untuk tema yang seperti ini

<p>According to the Law No. 42 of 1999 on Fiducia Security (“Fiducia Law”) as well as the Law No. 4 of 1996 on Mortgage, if there is a breach of fiduciary guarantee and mortgage rights, the secured creditors can undertake a parate execution, as the expedient, simple and cost-efficient method by means of a public auction. However, the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s (MKRI) Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 has interpreted Parate Execution of Fiduciary Guarantee must firstly obtain the debtor’s consent that a breach has indeed occurred and the voluntarily surrenders of the guarantee object to the creditor. On the other hand, in the Decision No. 21/PUU-XVIII/2020, MKRI did not define the same process for Parate Execution of Mortgage Rights. From the substance point of view, the two MK verdicts provide a different interpretation of the principle of “<em>pacta sunt servanda” </em>and fiducia security. This has caused the execution of Fiduciary Guarantee becomes not easy, expedient and cost efficient any longer. This normative research attempts to analyse the legal and economic impact of the two verdicts and their implementation from a law and justice perspective. The results show the need of consistency in the implementation of Parate Execution for both. This means that an agreement regarding the existence of a breach is not required. In addition, if the debtor does not voluntarily surrender the guarantee object, then the creditor by law reserves the rights to seize the object. Arguably, it is necessary to amend the Fiducia Law in accordance with the MKRI’s Decisions, in line with the general principles of security in parallel with the principles of justice, legal certainty and utility.</p>

Sumario: 1. La recepción de la fiducia en Derecho español. 2. La influencia de Jerónimo González. 3. La «segunda» recepción de la fiducia. 3.1. La teoría del doble efecto difundida por José Castán Tobeñas. 3.2. La doctrina ante el planteamiento fiduciario pandectístico. 4. El replanteamiento de la fiducia a través de la obra de Federico De Castro. 4.1. Percepción del negocio fiduciario por la doctrina y jurisprudencia contemporánea. 4.2. La eficacia jurídico-real de las operaciones fiduciarias. a) Fiducia de garantía (fiducia cum creditore). b) Fiducia de gestión o administración (fiducia cum amico). 5. El legislador frente al negocio fiduciario. 6. La aproximación del negocio fiduciario al negocio simulado. 7. Recapitulación.

Global Market Development today by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings influence to Intellectual Property (IP) in the fields of Economy, especially in getting loans at banks to increase the capital of a business, Intellectual Property (IP) is used as the object of Fiducia. Fiduciary Assurance Intellectual Exclusive Rights given a Act or regulation to a person or group of people for works of copyright under the Act so that Intellectual Property is right in Act-related issues Results of invention and Creativity person or persons relative to the Protection problems reputation in the field of commercial (commercial reputation) and action / services in the commercial field (goodwill). In the Global Market Development or the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the Intellectual Property (IP) can be made possible Fiducia. The guarantee proper object used in this case is Fiduciary. Setting Intellectual as Objects Fiduciary in Act Fiduciary not clearly regulated so that the necessary concept of ideal settings intellectual property as the object of Fiduciary must be developed by setting a comprehensive, systematic aspects of Substance, Structure, and Culture Act based on Pancasila and the Constitution Of the Republic of Indonesia Of 1945 in efforts to achieve economic development in Indonesia.

This article examines the legal nature of fiduciary duty in connection with the emergence of legal uncertainty and difficulties in law enforcement. The study begins with the definition of “fides”, “fiducia”, “legal duty” and “civil duty”, taking into account historical developments and case law. The characteristics of civil duty are given. The article ends with our own vision of the legal nature of fiduciary duty.

En las siguientes páginas, el doctor Rodríguez Azuero nos traza cuidadosamente los vínculos existentes entre la novísima ley sobre la fiducia francesa y la existente en Colombia, profundamente emparentada con la del resto de nuestra región.

Il presente elaborato si occupa di analizzare la rilevanza che l’elemento fiduciario assume nell’ambito del rapporto di lavoro. Con il termine fiducia, depurato da implicazioni moralistiche, si intende l’aspetto relazione dello scambio contrattuale, che investe non solo il tradizionale legame tra datore di lavoro e lavoratore ma anche tra gli stessi lavoratori. A tal proposito, la fiducia si ricollega, giuridicamente, al concetto di collaborazione: al lavorare assieme ad altri e con altri. Pertanto nella fase di svolgimento del rapporto di lavoro, le parti devono tenere un comportamento ispirato a istanze etiche e solidaristiche. Secondo quest’ottica, la fiducia coniugata agli obblighi di diligenza e di fedeltà, orienta, in particolare modo, il comportamento del debitore nel suo poter essere considerato un “buon lavoratore”. In tal senso, essa permea in toto anche la disciplina del recesso. Ogni volta che viene posto in essere un inadempimento grave, infatti, si “rompe” il legame fiduciario, non essendo più possibile per il datore di lavoro contare su una leale collaborazione del suo dipendente nei successivi adempimenti. Tuttavia, il concetto di fiducia potrebbe assumere, a fronte delle nuove realtà aziendali, un significato ulteriore.
This paper deals with the analysis of the importance that the trust takes within the context of the employment relationship. The term trust, after removing the moral implications, refers to the relational aspect of the contractual exchange that affects the traditional link between employer and employee but also between the workers themselves. In this regard, and in legal terms, trust is linked to the concept of collaboration: to work together and with others. Therefore in the phase of the employment relationship the parties must behave in a manner inspired by ethical and societal concerns. According to this view, trust combined with the obligations of diligence and fidelity, directs, in particular, the behavior of the debtor in his/her capacity to be considered a good worker. In this sense it permeates the discipline of dismissal. Every time a serious breach is committed, trust is broken, because the employer cannot count on the loyal collaboration of the employee for subsequent obligations. However, the concept of trust could take on a new meaning in the face of new corporate situations.

Il presente elaborato si occupa di analizzare la rilevanza che l’elemento fiduciario assume nell’ambito del rapporto di lavoro. Con il termine fiducia, depurato da implicazioni moralistiche, si intende l’aspetto relazione dello scambio contrattuale, che investe non solo il tradizionale legame tra datore di lavoro e lavoratore ma anche tra gli stessi lavoratori. A tal proposito, la fiducia si ricollega, giuridicamente, al concetto di collaborazione: al lavorare assieme ad altri e con altri. Pertanto nella fase di svolgimento del rapporto di lavoro, le parti devono tenere un comportamento ispirato a istanze etiche e solidaristiche. Secondo quest’ottica, la fiducia coniugata agli obblighi di diligenza e di fedeltà, orienta, in particolare modo, il comportamento del debitore nel suo poter essere considerato un “buon lavoratore”. In tal senso, essa permea in toto anche la disciplina del recesso. Ogni volta che viene posto in essere un inadempimento grave, infatti, si “rompe” il legame fiduciario, non essendo più possibile per il datore di lavoro contare su una leale collaborazione del suo dipendente nei successivi adempimenti. Tuttavia, il concetto di fiducia potrebbe assumere, a fronte delle nuove realtà aziendali, un significato ulteriore.
This paper deals with the analysis of the importance that the trust takes within the context of the employment relationship. The term trust, after removing the moral implications, refers to the relational aspect of the contractual exchange that affects the traditional link between employer and employee but also between the workers themselves. In this regard, and in legal terms, trust is linked to the concept of collaboration: to work together and with others. Therefore in the phase of the employment relationship the parties must behave in a manner inspired by ethical and societal concerns. According to this view, trust combined with the obligations of diligence and fidelity, directs, in particular, the behavior of the debtor in his/her capacity to be considered a good worker. In this sense it permeates the discipline of dismissal. Every time a serious breach is committed, trust is broken, because the employer cannot count on the loyal collaboration of the employee for subsequent obligations. However, the concept of trust could take on a new meaning in the face of new corporate situations.

2013 - 2014
The purpose of this study is to draw on the plane a comparative view of the trust deed, the French experience and that our local, to come out from the perimeter of the traditional review of the continental law opposed the right of common law systems, in an effort to propose to as far as possible, an unprecedented reconstruction and the problem of trust. The goal is to explore the semantics of the trust deed in France and Italy, through the identification of the specific forming segregated investigating the fiduciary transactions and fiduciary properties. Coefficient catalyst of all the research work is represented by the French Law on Trusts, which is unique in the Western continental law scene. The work was outlined by addressing the macro-areas, which represent so many quaestiones iuris; namely: 1. The external significance of the cause fiduciae French law; 2. The external significance of the cause fiduciae Italian law. 3. The separation of assets; 4. Physiology and pathology of fiduciary transactions, both in practice and in the coding. The survey framework can be so proposed. We tried to explore the more meaningful aspect of fiduciary, or that of its external relevance and, therefore, if, given the traditional division between cause solvendi due donandi and causes credendi, the cause fiduciae plays an independent significance, or otherwise conditions the explication of the negotiating operations, becoming a mere connotation motivational entire negotiating activities, arriving at a different response from ordering Italian than French. The trust deed comes into French law in a landscape unbundled due to the simultaneous presence of a number of cases, due to so-called assumptions positivizzate, that although they come across in the element Trustee a coefficient unit referential, are equipped with such a polymorphism, to prevent a unified treatment of the trust deed itself. The legislative intervention, which since 2007 has led, on several occasions, the entrance to the trusts into French law, plays a role of evolutionary interpretation of the entire institution of the trust, globally understood. It is observed that there is a before and after the establishment Law, and this time scan conditions the application of the margin trusts named and unnamed. Before the trusts existed, in fact, trust case unnamed, confined to individual cases, provided for by law, posing as borderline cases, after positivised is for the first time, a former professed, the trust deed, in this case the fiduciary agreement to real effects who shall be the chief task of the appointed contract. The trusts becomes, therefore, the legal trust hypothesis, which pertains to a concept C.D. Technical confidence, which involves a reinterpretation of the so-called regulatory consistency innominate trusts which are de facto legitimized recovering and trusts in a slide by default legislation. Trust, therefore, explicitly accredits a reductio ad unum of the French trust deed with the result that one of the key criteria of the French law trust is represented by C.D. attributive model based on the transfer of ownership of property by the settlor to the trustee, connected with the creation of a trust property. Thus we witness the overcoming of the principle of unity and dominicale the introduction of the special regime of fiduciary property. This involves the adoption, for the system beyond the Alps, the attributive model as a base model (only for trusts), with a prevalence of so-called Romanistic system (based on the transfer of ownership and the simultaneous creation of an instrumental temporary ownership) and complete disqualification of forms of self-declared confidence. In the second chapter, he addressed the trust deed Italian law, verifying the degree of reception of doctrinal input, in negotiating procedures, to investigate the individual cases related to forming confidence In Italian law, in fact, in contrast to the French, the positivization process has not had the course. Except those that the doctrine considers, albeit with some doubts, assumptions trusts immanent to the Civil Code (referring to the return contracts, the mandate without representation and testamentary trust) the trust deed remains a reception morbus institution or a institution where the typological conformation and discipline regulations are the product of a doctrinal stratification, subjected to a counterfactual evidence by the courts. Although in Italy it is widely believed the cause fiduciae he does not hold an external relevance, but it is, so to speak, which is included in the articulation of the cause being given and the cause credendi, it was considered in this study that the practice track and devised solutions the doctrine deliver a significant external profile cd mediated, the cause fiduciae. In the third section was examined the forming sheet separation, proposing: on the one hand, the identification of the separation, which articulation instrument of equity and with it the creation of a new type of property, the C.D. trust property; on the other we have tried to locate the guiding principle of the trust property, linking it to the concept of so-called Technical confidence. In the first case, it tried to outline the common route of continental law, that in France, as in Italy, led to the creation of assumptions to separate assets and equity destinations It is investigated, therefore, what is the explanation margin of confidence, both as a precept, both as a penalty and if it is able to catalyze the segregated, that substantiates the hypothesis of fiduciary property. Once the relationship between trust and segregated, is some cases are analyzed, which are the so-called symptomatic figures of diffusivity of fiduciary operations. In the French context, the analysis focused on identifying the main pivot points in the so-called case mentioned, namely the difficulties the interpreter encounters in discerning the lawfulness profile from that of opposition to the mandatory rules or of fraud to the law. You tried to define the archetype trusts and progressive conversion, the French legislator has accomplished through regulatory interventions by the unitary option of the trust agreement to the creation of two separate types of contract, broadly corresponding to the trust cum cum friend and creditor. As regards, however, the Italian law, the individual cases are analyzed, which include the issues of greatest technical and legal significance, in terms of fiduciary transactions. In our national context we have tried to cordon off the solutions allowed by law for execution lead to the trust agreement, if the trustee is recalcitrant, soldering the so-called external importance of the cause fiduciae. It is observed how the Court's legitimacy and that of merit have given concrete operational effectiveness to pactum fiduciae; what findings the Courts have embraced to justify their choices, both in statutory and in the corporate sector. Given the vastness of the subject trust deed was drawn up, for explanatory purposes, the concept of the so-called forming general. This expression means forming a cordon inclusive, relating to a specific institute of general application, striking of splitting into more institutions among themselves interconnected, and whose explanation is necessitated to describe and analyze in terms of regulation, a complex legal reality. It was considered that it could not deal with, in key comparative, trust, except through scanning additional steps, consisting of as many formants, such as property and fiduciary ownership separation, too, at the same time with heuristics effectiveness autonomous, both of heuristic effectiveness cd derived, because they have inferential suitability, in order to forming general confidence. The concept of technical confidence, which forming and characterization coefficient of the individual cases considered, allows you to select two areas of operation of the trust agreement, in which you can try to enroll for reasons of synthesis, all the sources that have been asked to examine. There is a first area of operation, in which you can appreciate a substantial discrepancy between the French and Italian experiences The codification of the trusts has determined the final transition of the trust, from a reception morbus system, a positive law system, in which almost all the statutory disciplinary fields, they suffer a new course. The liberality of the industry, given the prohibition of trust donations, of which all'art.2013 cc fr., the result is concerned, for the past assumptions of innominate liberality, which through an indirect process, allow the creation of fiduciary transactions, and they receive from Institutional reads a subsequent legitimation. In Italy, there is however still a system relegated to the operations of reception morbus, in which attention seems to focus mainly on the trust of the transaction product, namely the creation of the trust property, according to the development of the concept of separation of assets and subsequent regulatory changes. The individual cases would seem to find a unit dogmatic, only on the assumption of temporary ownership regime induced segregated. It was considered that, due to the instrumental nature of the trust property, is identifiable upstream the pactum fiduciae that, creating a basis of a technical requirement for the transaction as a trust, the other makes the remaining transmission operations of assets and rights, signaling it as a sequence of a larger process. You can not, however, infer from this a unifying feature of the individual trust case, which, therefore, are imbued with their uniqueness, while preserving, as a last resort catalyst that concept of technical confidence, which informs the entire operation and phenomenally It induces the trust property. From a different perspective, the French system and the Italian, net of the differences set out above have a contiguity profile dogmatic, evincibile especially on the basis of the methodological approach followed hinges, nell'enucleazione of fiduciary case. In both jurisdictions fiduciary operations are investigated, first, on the descriptive level, in order to evaluate the plan differentiate than simulatory case. Simulation and circumvention of the law thus becomes the negative paradigm which must comply with any fiduciary transaction (meaning they should not be integrated any form of circumvention of the law or a simulation). Lacking a positivization process, in Italy the setting of the problem lacks the statement of principle, so often remarked upon by the legislature and by the French doctrine. This does not mean, however, that simulation and fraud of the law are, also for the domestic setting, the limit trajectories, which must not suffer from the intersection of any fiduciary operation. the principle of equal treatment of creditors and the principle of financial liability of the debtor can be defined as many principals of providing guarantees, to prevent the overflow of confidence in simulation or in a device, which produces the phenomena in Italy in fact, the ban commissorio the covenant, of circumvention of the law, globally understood. This plan of structural contiguity between the empirical reality Italian and French, on the one hand suggests the imminence of a trend of so-called continental law, an alternative to the Anglo-American trusts matrix, on the other predicts, for Italy, the adoption of similar solutions to those of the French model, both as regards the adoption of translative contractual structures, creating a fiduciary transactions with attributive model, both with regard to the so-called discipline temporary ownership, real instrumentum, the entire operation. [edited by Author]
XIII n.s.

La mia tesi ha come scopo individuare in che modo il mercato risponde ad una notizia di frode contabile e le successive strategie a livello di governance adottate dalle aziende colpevoli per ripristinare la fiducia degli investitori.

Questo elaborato analizza il ruolo della fiducia all’interno della relazione tra cliente e consulente e quali possano essere i fattori che incidono nel processo fiduciario per la costruzione, lo sviluppo e la durata del rapporto tra questi due attori della consulenza finanziaria. Attraverso l’analisi della letteratura si descrive il concetto di consulenza finanziaria sotto il profilo storico e giuridico, oltre che attraverso la distinzione tra la figura di consulente indipendente e di promotore finanziario monomandatario al fine di coglierne i tratti essenziali. Viene sostenuta l’idea per la quale affidarsi alla consulenza finanziaria possa dare un valore aggiunto all’investitore perciò vengono descritte nel dettaglio le funzioni del consulente e i risultati derivanti dalla letteratura sull’effettiva utilità di scegliere un professionista per la gestione di investimenti finanziari. Segue la descrizione e la definizione del concetto di fiducia considerando le molteplici sfaccettature di questo concetto, quindi si considerano diversi filoni di pensiero dai primi studi ad oggi. Si sottolinea il legame tra la fiducia e i caratteri dell’individuo per passare all’inscindibile correlazione che questa ha con il concetto di propensione al rischio. Viene inoltre descritto un possibile metodo di costruzione di un legame fiduciario basato su qualche elemento di marketing 3.0 o etico. Infine viene messa in luce l’importanza dell’uso di questionari per lo studio di questo tipo di relazioni e sulla base di tale metodo, si sono raccolti i dati per cercare le evidenze del legame tra la fiducia e aspetti specifici dei consulenti e dei clienti stessi. I risultati mostrano i fattori di incidenza sul processo di fiducia, sia per quanto riguarda le caratteristiche dei consulenti, sia per aspetti socio-demografici dei clienti; il fine di questa ricerca è quello di fornire validità dell’importanza dello studio di caratteristiche individuali che incidono sulla fiducia e che di riflesso hanno evidenze all’interno della consulenza finanziaria, concetti di rilievo per i consulenti, i quali dovrebbero considerare i nuovi orizzonti utili a fornire un servizio che possa soddisfare in pieno i propri clienti, in linea con gli avvenimenti socio-economici che potrebbero far mutare bisogni e concetto di utilità di questi ultimi.

Con l’avvio della finanza comportamentale si comincia ad osservare che la mente umana non rispecchia i canoni della razionalità assoluta ma usufruisce di filtri cognitivi che processano e semplificano gli eventi in modo da giungere ad un risultato perlomeno soddisfacente. A seguito di una serie di vicende normative, viene definita in Italia la figura del consulente finanziario. Questo soggetto ha il compito di sostenere l’investitore nelle proprie scelte finanziarie anche evitando che esso compia errori sulla base di distorsioni cognitive che portano ad alterazioni decisionali significative. Affinché l’advisor possa compiere la sua funzione, è opportuno che il cliente si affidi totalmente ad esso. Ecco che dunque la fiducia gioca un ruolo chiave nella relazione che intercorre tra le due figure e nell’intero sistema finanziario. La tesi mira a studiare alcuni aspetti caratteristici da cui dipende il rapporto di fiducia tra consulente ed investitori sulla base di un’analisi statistica mediante impiego di dati derivanti da un questionario appositamente proposto ad un insieme di consulenti finanziari.

La fiducia e' un fenomeno che ha acquisito importanza negli studi accademici e in molte discipline per esempio, psicologia sociologia, organizzazione, economia e management. Gli studiosi di imprenditorialita' hanno recentemente iniziato ad attenzionare la relazione tra comportamento imprenditoriale e fiducia. Questo lavoro, in un'ottica di Strategic Entrepreneurship e Dynamic Capability, esamina il ruolo della fiducia nelle relazioni interpersonali dell'imprenditore che opera in fase di avvio dell'impresa. L'obiettivo perseguito risiede nella identificazione delle determinanti della fiducia e nell' analisi di quali sono gli effetti positivi e negativi della fiducia sull'interazione con gli stakeholders dell'imprenditore, in particolare con i finanziatori. Al fine di verificare la relazione tra determinanti della fiducia e la decisione delle banche circa la concessione del finanziamento, l'entita' e il tasso accordato all' imprenditore, sono state presentate delle propositions. Queste sono state confermate attraverso le risposte ad un questionario proposto alle banche.
Trust is a phenomenon which has gained importance in many academic disciplines, for example, psychology, sociology, theory organizational, economic, and business management. Entrepreneurship scholars have only recently started paying attention to trust-related issues in entrepreneurial behavior. This research, according to Strategic Entrepreneurship e Dynamic Capability, examines the role of trust in the entrepreneur's interpersonal relations in the start-up phase. Aims are to explorating which determinants foster entrepreneurial trust and analyse what are the positive and /or negative effects of trust on relations with stakeholders, in particular, on relations with banks. Propositions have been proposed, in order to verify the relationship between determinants of trust and the decision about the authorization of credit, its extent and the ratio. The validity of our interpretations has been confirmed by the answer given by banks, to whom a questionnaire has been proposed.

Questo documento espone alcune considerazioni a proposito della promozione dei vaccini per il SARS-CoV-2 e delle strategie per garantirne un’equa distribuzione tra gli immigrati senza documenti residenti in Italia e, in particolare, a Roma. Quanto emerge dal caso italiano può essere in parte applicabile ad altri contesti in cui la somministrazione del vaccino è stata legata al dispositivo del “passaporto vaccinale”, ovvero il certificato COVID digitale dell'UE, in Italia Green Pass. Nell’organizzazione della campagna vaccinale alcune categorie sociali sono state identificate come “difficili da raggiungere” (hard to reach) e per cui è necessario immaginare interventi specifici.1 In questo testo si sceglie di parlare di persone razzializzate e illegalizzate poiché senza documenti per riferirsi a persone immigrate che non hanno cittadinanza, permesso di soggiorno e status di rifugiato. Questo documento esplora il contesto quotidiano delle vite delle persone illegalizzate e come l’esperienza della pandemia di COVID-19 abbia esacerbato le difficoltà che queste persone incontrano, 23 mettendo in luce il collegamento tra le vulnerabilità, consolidate ed emergenti, con la percezione dei vaccini. Si suggerisce come l’orientamento e la percezione dei vaccini si inseriscano all’interno dei contesti di vita delle persone, in cui molto spesso la priorità è data al sostentamento economico. In molti casi, l’accettazione della vaccinazione è motivata dalla necessità di continuare ad avere un lavoro retribuito piuttosto che a una preoccupazione connessa alla salute o a una fiducia nei confronti delle istituzioni sanitarie. Il seguente documento si pone l’obiettivo di esaminare come i vaccini possano essere distribuiti in modo equo e capace di aumentare la fiducia e i processi di inclusione nella società post-pandemica. Il testo si basa principalmente sulla ricerca etnografica e le testimonianze raccolte attraverso interviste e osservazioni con persone razzializzate e illegalizzate nella città di Roma, insieme a rappresentanti della società civile e operatori socio-sanitari tra dicembre 2021 e gennaio 2022. Questo documento è stato sviluppato per SSHAP da Sara Vallerani (Università di Roma Tre), Elizabeth Storer (LSE) e Costanza Torre (LSE). È stato revisionato da Santiago Ripoll (IDS, Università del Sussex), con ulteriori revisioni da parte di Paolo Ruspini (Università Roma Tre) ed Eloisa Franchi (Université Paris Saclay, Università di Pavia). La ricerca è stata finanziata dalla British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210058). La ricerca si è svolta presso il Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. La sintesi è di responsabilità di SSHAP.

La presente nota de clase tiene como objetivo proporcionar una comprensión integral de las diferentes formas de contratos estatales en el contexto colombiano, así como sus características y aplicaciones. La estructura del contenido está organizada en dos secciones principales. En primer lugar, aborda el contrato estatal y las partes en el contrato estatal; se define el contrato estatal describiendo su naturaleza jurídica y las partes involucradas, que típicamente incluyen una entidad pública y un contratista; se abordan los principios generales que rigen estos contratos y las responsabilidades de cada parte. En segundo lugar, se analiza la tipología del contrato estatal, tales como el contrato de obra, el de consultoría, el de interventoría, el de prestación de servicios, el de concesión, el de fiducia pública y los contratos interadministrativos. La nota concluye resaltando la importancia de estos contratos para el funcionamiento eficiente del sector público, enfatizando la necesidad de transparencia y responsabilidad. Las competencias que busca reforzar en el estudiante incluyen: la capacidad de identificar y diferenciar los distintos tipos de contratos; entender sus aplicaciones prácticas y evaluar su impacto en la administración pública; comprender el concepto de contrato estatal y sus características; identificar las diferentes partes que intervienen en un contrato estatal e interpretar las normas aplicables a cada tipo de contrato estatal.