Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fiducie – France'
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Ody, Baptiste. "La fiducie et l'entrepreneur." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G012/document.
Full textThe fiducie is a trust-like device that was introduced into French law by a statute of February 19th, 2007. Defined by Article 2011 of the Civil Code, it allows a grantor to temporarily transfer property to a fiduciaire that will not personally benefit from it. The fiducie is a sui generis device that was conceived for asset management and securitization purposes. Yet, nearly ten years after its enactment it remains rarely used. This scarcity can be explained by both the rigidity of its legal regime and its inadequacy for French entrepreneurs. As people who carry out managerial duties in firms that they partially or totally own, entrepreneurs should be particularly interested in using the fiducie for they face personal and professional issues which can be tackled by trust law in foreign jurisdictions. The inadequacy of its current regime is all the more problematic as French law offers various mechanisms that can produce similar legal consequences. Therefore, in order to develop the fiducie, one must renovate its regime with the objective of being useful to entrepreneurs
Tarchichi, Abou Chahine Mariam. "Les Garanties fiduciaires." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_223.
Full textThe February 19th 2009 French Parliamentary Act has enacted fiduciary in the French law. By so doing that Act has established the security based on property. In fact, the Parliamentary Act may be seen as an effect of the impact of Europe in the French law. However, securities on property or on assets were already operative in the field of business. That emphasizes that traditional securities have declined. Securities on assets or property seems to be the main security as far as it operates only in favor of the creditor even if, in the case of bankruptcy of the debtor
Barrière, François. "La réception du trust au travers de la fiducie." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020054.
Full textMaerten, Laurent. "Le trust patrimonial angloaméricain en droit privé français." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020163.
Full textAn anglo-american private trust is an intentionnally created relationship with regard to any form of property in which the legal tries is in a person, the "trustee", who may exercise all the power with respect to the property, without having the benefits of ownership+ the beneficial ownership or equitable title is in the "beneficiary". Another way of looking at it is to focus at the division of the property between the "trustee" and the "beneficiary", the settlor giving up his equitable and legal interests in it. This fragmentation of ownership, unknown under french law, may rise choice-of-law difficulties. In going beyond the solution of assimilation of the anglo-american trust into domestic analogous institutions, french judges open the way to recognise the trust as such as a matter of private international law. According to the hague convention of i july 1985 on the law applicable to trust and their recognition, which also adopts this solution, the "settlor" is free to choose the applicable law, provided that he does not use the anglo-american device to subvert important policies of the forum, which might be french law
Farhi, Sarah. "La fiducie-sûreté et le droit des entreprises en difficulté." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0036.
Full textThe fiducie is a new legal instrument introduced in the French system by a law passed in February 2007. Being a mecanism of security, or management, the fiducie’s favoured use is in guarantee of payment. Indeed, considering not only the ineffectiveness of the classical security interest systems, which confers preferential rights, but also the economic crises and bankruptcy laws, creditors look for safeties the efficiency of which is absolved. Thanks to the temporary transfer of ownerships of assets, purposely allocated to the payment of the creditor, the fiducie conveys the dream of absolute security. Besides, with its use of a temporary ownership and a special fund, the fiducie modernizes the classic principles of the French law system regarding property. It also contributes to the development of transfers of titles for security purposes in France. Therefore, a precise study of the regime of the fiducie and of its characteristics is essential ; but it is however insufficient. The development of fiducie will undeniably depend both on the coherence of its system as on its effectiveness in the insolvency of the debtor, since security law and bankruptcy law are two inseparable subjects. If protecting the creditor against the debtor's insolvency is the function of security law, treating insolvency is the function of banckrupcy law. As far as security is concerned, bankruptcy laws act as indicators of efficiency. Therefore, in order to ascertain the efficiency of the fiducie, an assessment of the treatment of this sureness in the French banckrupcy law is unavoidable
Didier, Philippe. "De la représentation en droit privé." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020088.
Full textArnaud, Stéphanie. "L'usufruit des valeurs mobilières : variations sur les notions de propriété et d'associé." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0005.
Full textBlanluet, Gauthier. "Essai sur la notion de propriété économique en droit privé français : recherche au confluent du droit fiscal et du droit civil." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020006.
Full textThe purpose of the thesis is to describe the conditions under which the concept of economic ownership is being progressively introduced in french private law and in particular in french tax law. The recent development of the ownership concept in civil law is first presented together with the consequences attached thereto in tax law. A brief analysis of the notion of intangible contributes towards a description of the main characteristics of a tax concept of ownership. Examples are given which relate to financial leasing, fiduciary arrangements, sale with deferred transfer of ownership, commercial agency agreements, stock lending. A legal, tax and economic approach of the notions of substance, value or income is also tempted to emphasis is put on the form vs substance analysis developped in tax law especially regarding recent trends such as the tax recognition of fiduciary mechanisms or tax recharacterizations leading to the disallowance of expenses viewed as non tax deductible purchase price of intangibles, whether or not depreciable. Finally, it is tried to identify civil law institutions which reflects, at least implicitely, the growing importance of economic ownership in french private law
Ravenne, Sylvain. "Les propriétés imparfaites : Contribution à l’étude de la structure du droit de propriété." Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090011.
Full textWhereas ownership is usually described as an absolute, exclusive and perpetual right, some institutions, the imperfect properties, tend to strip it of one or more of these characteristics to reach a goal which is extraneous to the property. This is meant to create dedicated ownerships. Their purpose may be to secure a debt or to manage one’s property for another’s benefit. Thus, not only retention of title, leasing or trust (for security or management purposes) but also “société immobilière d’attribution” and UCITS – undertaking for collective investments in transferable securities – are imperfect properties. Hence, it has to be determined if the imperfect owner is a true owner. A positive answer can only be reached by defining ownership not as an absolute power over a property (classical materialistic definition), but as an exclusive relationship (modern exclusivistic definition)
Eeckhoudt, Marjorie. "La décomposition du droit de propriété sous l'effet du contrat." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL20026.
Full textOur conception of the ownership has been swaying, since the Antiquity, between the unified and divided ownership. By pitting an end to feudal system, the " Code civil " has chosen the first solution but, in the same time, our law has admitted the existence of the " démembrements " of the ownership and granted to the contracting parties the contractual liberty. So we could think it would be enough to push the borders of the Liberty in order to make revival the division of ownership but, the doctrine has defended the unity first by limiting the number of real rights and then by contesting the " démembrement ". We contest these two ideas. First, the " démembrement " of ownership is recognized in our Law. Then, there is no reason to defend the numerus clausus of the real rights. By exploiting the permissive silences of the law, it is possible to create new decompositions of ownership dealing with various objects. Because of the contract, the idea of a division of the ownership has reappeared
Bacharat, Jean-Barthy. "ALe refinancement des établissements de crédit : contribution au droit financier." Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMD009.
Full textSanchez, de Lozada Louis. "Trusts exprès privés anglo-américains, fidéicommis latino-américains et la fiducie française." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020043/document.
Full textAnglo-American express private trusts, Latin-American fideicomiso and French fiducia”. Common Law trusts (English, American and Cook Islands) co-exist with civil law domestic trusts (Argentinean, Bolivian and Panamanian fideicomiso and French fiducia). They belong to the Common Law and continental law families respectively and have different structures. Anglo-American express trusts are settled by a settlor (declaration, gift) or by a will that creates an equitable relationship between the trustee and the cestui, whereby both share legal and equitable interests on the trust property. Civil law trusts are settled by a contract between the settlor and the trustee and by a will. Thus, a civil law trust beneficiary has only personal remedies against a trustee in respect of breach of trust. Despite the structural differences, both types of trusts operate in similar ways, due to the transfer of property to the trustee and the separation of the trust property. Testamentary trusts also work in a similar way; forced heirship is an external element of both. Trust managing and investment techniques and practices are also similar: condition precedent and condition subsequent clauses and discretionary trusts and powers are common to both trust models. Separation of the trust property allows for the settlement of protective trusts, trusts for project financing, defeasance and securitization. French Mutual Funds are comparable to Unit Trusts. Both should give legal title to the trustee (custodian). External elements of French law, which do not exist in Anglo or Latin American trusts, restrain the normal operation and use of French fiducia. We propose to modify the fiducia, mutual and securitization funds law
Abdallah, Juliana. "L'apport de la pratique bancaire au droit du financement des entreprises : étude sur les crédits bancaires à court terme avec mobilisation de créances." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT3013.
Full textThe banking practices have always tried to turn the French companies more competitive, on the European and the international levels, by proposing to them new ways of financing. The small and medium-sized companies often turn to short term credits guaranteed by their debts. It's what we call short term credit with mobilization of debts. The banking practices have softened the toughness of the traditional, oldest and most utilized technique : discounting, embraced by the comprehensible jurisprudence, except in case of transferring an electronic bill of exchange. Furthermore, it pushed the DAILLY assignment, model proposed by the legislator, towards some fields other than those mentioned by the law. Having not acquired complete satisfaction on a national level, the banking practices have adopted from other countries, especially from Germany and from the United States, some new more simple techniques, less costly and quicker. To elude the disgrace of the jurisprudence that controls the practices, the latter has established these new techniques on civil law principles. Therefore, the trust is based on the assignment of debts, the electronic bill of exchange is reduced to a recovering order and the factoring finds its base in subrogation
Najib, Mirna. "La mutualisation des risques islamiques en France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010325.
Full textThe development of Islamic finance in the global market and the strong appetite that this compartment has in conventional finance arouses professionals to invite you to consider France to be the location of project finance transactions. Islamic finance is not only directed to the 1.5 billion Muslims. Several western countries are also interested in it because it has interesting features on transparency and banking regulation. Islamic finance is based on the principles of Islamic law (Sharia) that impose justice, fairness and transparency. It relies on a bank intermediation model to zero and is, therefore, called a free financial interest. Free financial interest also requires the backing of all transactions in a tangible asset white being based on both the share of profits and losses. With a range between 2.1 and 5 million Muslims, France has more Muslims that no less than eight members of the Arab League including Lebanon, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, UAE, Palestine, Djibouti and the Comores Islands. This figure shows de facto that France is the first European country by the importance of its Muslim community and will remain so until 2030. With the adoption of tax instructions to avoid penalizing Islamic finance operations compared to convention al operations, the legal framework is present. In addition, the insurance law provides for statutes perfectly compatible with Takaful principles without the need to legislate or amend. France is the world's fifth largest insurance market with a penetration rate of nearly 10% according to the SIGMA journal published by Swiss Re. The 2013 annual report of the FFSA reported 188 billion euros of contributions of ail markets in France. If Takaful solutions arrived to pick only 2% of the French market in France it would become the second global market. Two Islamic instruments have emerged in France first. Sukuk, which is a mutual solidarity through a pooling of risks and resources by a collective way (insured), are shared by the market and by other Islamic insurance (Takaful)
Fix, Christian. "Die Fiducie-Sûreté : eine Untersuchung der französischen Sicherungstreuhand aus deutscher Sicht." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA001.
Full textThe present thesis is dedicated to the fiducie-sûreté – the security trust in terms of articles 2011 et seqq. of the French Civil Code. The study is written in German and comprises an abstract in French. The author discusses the fiducie-sûreté from a comparative perspective. After providing a short overview of the fiducie-sûreté, the study deals with the questions related to the propriété fiduciaire and the patrimoine fiduciaire. It examines whether the fiducie-sûreté is accessory to the claim secured by this security right. In the following chapters, the work sheds light on the phase of termination of the fiducie-sûreté as well as on the measures of registration and publication which have to be observed. The work then explores the impact of insolvency proceedings on the fiducie-sûreté in its different aspects. The study concludes with a summary of its most important results underlining the strengths and weaknesses of the fiducie-sûreté
Aubry, Marie-Christine. "Le patrimoine d'affectation." Paris 13, 2010. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2010_aubry.pdf.
Full textHadjer, Rouabah. "L' aménagement de l'unité du patrimoine : proposition d'un statut de l'entrepreneur individuel." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_rouabah_h.pdf.
Full textThe principle of unity of patrimony, created by AUBRY and RAU, keeps an important utility in practice, to lay down the main rules governing the patrimonial organization in French law. It bases the general link of creditors, and gives autonomy of patrimony to persons having legal personality. However, if the theory of patrimony was in accordance with the primary sector of XIXe century, it would not reveal adapted to our modern society requirements. It constitutes an obstacle to professional patrimony recognition of the sole trader, because it doesn’t admit that can coexist mass of elements devolved to the professional activity, and mass of elements allocated to privacy and family life of the sole proprietorship. The infringements’ increasing of this principle, in a disorganized and inconsistent way, demonstrates the ambivalent attitude of the legislator, which tends to take in account the demarcation between private and professional sphere of the individual. Without abolishing this principle, a reorganization of unity of patrimony is conceivable to ensure the patrimonial protection of the sole trader and to provide him a proper status
Thomat-Raynaud, Anne-Laure. "L'unité du patrimoine : essai critique." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10036.
Full textThe unity of patrimony, a critical intellectual construction with normative end, created by Aubry et Rau, from the initial theory of Zacharie's patrimony, does not take out unhurt of its confrontation in the substantive law. This law offers the picture of numerous disordered infringements, wich however question of the effectiveness of the unity of patrimony only in a partial way. Principal lives in spirits as an interiorized " référence " and keeps a sure utility to base géneral link of creditors and autonomy of patrimony of the moral persons. The ambivalence of the substantive law towards this doctrinal construction, as well as the sociological and legal apprehension of its required justification, indicate there is an illness. Furthermore, in the latent state one can find the bases of another conception of the unity of patrimony. The model wich is suggested to us appears under day different from that of the two authors, but it behaves its general structure and does not question the put linck between person and patrimony. This new model any more in agreement with the strate of mind of the contemporary right, worried about realism, can not take shape without an new organization of the unity of patrimony
Bimbou, Louamba Andréa Miguel. "Le renouveau des sûretés réelles immobilières." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010314.
Full textSéjean-Chazal, Claire. "La réalisation de la sûreté." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 2, 2017. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247191710.
Full textUp until the order of 23 March 2006 on security rights, a creditor aiming at realizing his surety had to resort to the procedures of execution available to any creditor in order to implement his general right of pledge. The effects of the real surety would manifest only after the execution sale of the encumbered property, through the preferential satisfaction of the creditor during the proceedings of the price distribution. The 2006 reform of the law of security rights has altered this situation by generalizing the judicial attribution and by legalizing the conventional attribution of the encumbered property. These modes of realization are deemed to be simpler and faster than the traditional enforcement proceedings, but also more efficient to shut out the other competing secured creditors. From now on, the creditor benefiting from a real surety is favoured as soon as he exercises his rights against the defaulting debtor. In order to exercise his power of constraint, he may rely on all the enforcement proceedings that are specific to the real surety. The legislator has carefully provided guidelines to use these attribution techniques to protect the interests of the debtor. However, the legal framework applicable to these modes of realization deserves to be adjusted in order to improve their legal certainty, their efficiency, and therefore their attractiveness. The effects of these modes of realization against the competing secured creditors of the recipient are not completely clear. Attribution is often presented as a technique that ensures the plaintiff an exclusive satisfaction, while the competing creditors’ claims are redirected on a hypothetical consigned remainder. Although the other creditors cannot take part in the procedure, nothing justifies that their rights be undermined. It is therefore important to determine how to reconcile the optional attribution of the encumbered property and the rights of the competing secured creditors
Le, Grand de Belleroche Diane. "La reconnaissance des trusts étrangers en droit français : étude comparative du concept anglais de trust et du contentiaux du droit des trusts en France." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010297.
Full textGodechot, Sara. "L' articulation du trust et du droit des successions." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020109.
Full textGnofam, Koffi. "Les sûretés et les garanties du crédit dans la loi de sauvegarde des entreprises en difficulté : loi n° 2005-845 du 26 juillet 2005." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083882.
Full textThe objective of French collective insolvency proceedings is to help companies avoid financial difficulties or, should that fail, to allow them to benefit from court-supervised reorganization or compulsory liquidation procedures. In order to achieve this goal, insolvency laws prevent creditors from bringing proceedings against a company after the opening judgment has been pronounced. Paradoxically, however, creditors enter into security and guarantee agreements precisely because they want to shield themselves from any potential losses arising from insolvency and financial difficulties. In principle, the onset of financial troubles automatically triggers those agreements. In essence, the right to insolvency protection for the debtor and a creditor's right to rely on its security and guarantee agreements exist concurrently and are, as such, tightly related. In order to prevent any abuse, the insolvency regime overrules all the provisions of the law relating to security. As a result creditors must bring any court proceedings to a halt and debtors are prevented from paying any outstanding debt. It can be said, therefore, that collective insolvency procedures supersede the rights of creditors contained in any debt security instrument. Despite their weakened status, however, the effectiveness of personal and real property collateral devices ultimately depend on the opening judgment. Their effectiveness therefore changes depending on the facts of each case. Their strength and intensity primarily vary with the type of proceeding in which they are used. Where a conflict arises between collective insolvency proceeding provisions and the law of security interest, the former generally prevails. The changes introduced by the 2006 Act have profoundly altered the operation of the provisions of the law on debt security and guarantee instruments
Séjean-Chazal, Claire. "La réalisation de la sûreté." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020069.
Full textUp until the order of 23 March 2006 on security rights, a creditor aiming at realizing his surety had to resort to the procedures of execution available to any creditor in order to implement his general right of pledge. The effects of the real surety would manifest only after the execution sale of the encumbered property, through the preferential satisfaction of the creditor during the proceedings of the price distribution. The 2006 reform of the law of security rights has altered this situation by generalizing the judicial attribution and by legalizing the conventional attribution of the encumbered property. These modes of realization are deemed to be simpler and faster than the traditional enforcement proceedings, but also more efficient to shut out the other competing secured creditors. From now on, the creditor benefiting from a real surety is favoured as soon as he exercises his rights against the defaulting debtor. In order to exercise his power of constraint, he may rely on all the enforcement proceedings that are specific to the real surety. The legislator has carefully provided guidelines to use these attribution techniques to protect the interests of the debtor. However, the legal framework applicable to these modes of realization deserves to be adjusted in order to improve their legal certainty, their efficiency, and therefore their attractiveness. The effects of these modes of realization against the competing secured creditors of the recipient are not completely clear. Attribution is often presented as a technique that ensures the plaintiff an exclusive satisfaction, while the competing creditors’ claims are redirected on a hypothetical consigned remainder. Although the other creditors cannot take part in the procedure, nothing justifies that their rights be undermined. It is therefore important to determine how to reconcile the optional attribution of the encumbered property and the rights of the competing secured creditors
Van, Steenlandt Philippe. "La généralisation de la cession fiduciaire de créance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020035.
Full textBefore granting a loan, any creditor naturally intends to ensure that the return of the money lent will be effective regardless of the situation of the borrower on the day of the repayment of the refund. This is particularly the case of the opening of insolvency proceedings against the debtor which concentrates the creditors fears. The increasing socialization of the insolvency law has indeed significantly reduced the effectiveness of traditional collateral in case of bankruptcy of the debtor. It is in this context that the creditors have also sought a security that would satisfy their security requirements. The trust one hand, the other hand trust, could appear as oasis of tranquility in times of financial turmoil affecting the debtor. Academics and practitioners then rediscovered the virtues of transfer of title made for guarantee purposes, specifically fiduciary assignment of receivables
Lemaitre, Freddy. "La monnaie comme objet de sûretés." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020044.
Full textAs the law stands, security rights in money are likely to be subject to different legal treatment, depending on whether money is regarded as a tangible asset or as an intangible asset, and depending on whether sums of money as a guarantee are assimilated with the secured creditor’s property or not. Taking this observation as its starting point, the present essay suggests adopting a unified approach of legal nature of money, that is likely to justify that money should be subject to a simplified security regime. Without ignoring that it is bound to be dual, depending on whether sums of money as a guarantee are separated from the secured creditor’s property or not, this security regime would be called upon to replace the present fungible assets, bank account and receivables pledge agreements, and also security trust on receivables and money, with a single money pledge agreement.The rules of the lodging of this money pledge agreement will be designed to eliminate the never-ending debates as to whether the “cash collateral” vests ownership of the encumbered money in the secured creditor, or not. Indeed, the assimilation of the encumbered sums of money with the secured creditor’s property will involve a sui generis division of the ownership rights that will be like an irregular usufruct by way of collateral, and that will grant the creditor neither mere preferential rights, nor ownership rights, nor any right similar to the right of a security trustee, but the right to dispose of money provisionally. This right of disposal will encumber temporarily the ownership rights that will remain in the hands of the grantor of the security.The rules of its lodging being therefore clarified, the rights granted by the money pledge agreement will be enforced more quickly and more effectively since the divided ownership of money will be reconstructed in the hands of the grantor of the security or in the hands of the secured creditor, depending on whether the secured debt will be paid or not, and without there being a need to wonder if the rights granted by the pledge have to be enforced either through judicial or contractual award of the right of ownership, or through legal, judicial or contractual compensation
Vernières, Christophe. "Les libéralités à trois personnes." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020022/document.
Full textLiberality subject to charges in favor of a third party beneficiary, double liberality in usufruct and bare ownership, double conditional liberality, generosity gradual, residual liberality, generosity precatory, the bonus benefit of life insurance, executed with liberality the intervention of an executor, an agent with posthumous effect, director of property given or bequeathed to a minor, are the main figures that we can gather under the term "three gifts persons". All have in common to carry the contest through a transmission, which will be the link needed between the settlor and gratified. Faced with such profusion, if the layman may appear helpless in choosing the most appropriate institution to fulfill his will liberal, it may be as much of the lawyer. Beyond the embarrassment that can be experienced in establishing what separates each of these varieties of gifts to three persons, the legal regime applicable to each of them which also raises difficulties
Bzowski, Guillaume. "L'instrumentalisation fiscale du droit de propriété." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020029/document.
Full textLegal ownership is one of the main pillars on which tax law is based and around which property taxation revolves. It appears that tax optimisation is merely about improving the tax consequences of a legal operation based on the manipulation of legal ownership. The means used to shape the property rights affect the legal and tax consequences. Is such manipulation of legal ownership for tax purposes subject to a fixed rule? Does this rule allow to draw a categorisation of all instruments used in order to exploit legal ownership for tax purposes? It appears that these instruments are but legal mechanisms. They consist either in a deconstruction of ownership itself or of its value, or in a specific ownership assignment in legal or spatiotemporal terms
Benadiba, Aurore. "Les sûretés mobilières sur les biens incorporels : Propositions pour une rénovation du système des sûretés mobilières sur les biens incorporels en France et au Québec." Paris 1, 2012. https://www-numeriquepremium-com.passerelle.univ-rennes1.fr/content/books/9782919211630.
Full textTurlier, Christine. "Transmission successorale de titres sociaux : pour une gouvernance renouvelée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ASSA0040.
Full textFriedrich Nietzche once said : "What makes me happy is to see that men absolutely refuse to think about the thought of death". This enchanting or visceral, and in any case very often indomitable, avoidance of one's own death is fatal for an associate manager. This assertion is justified by tangible figures : Governance - 25% of managers are over 60, and within the next decade, seven hundred thousand businesses will have to be passed on. However, the number of transfers has been falling since 2019, - While family businesses account for 52% of mid-sized companies, family transfers account for only between 14% and 20% of disposals in France, compared with over 50% in Germany and 60% in Italy. This situation can be explained by a lack of anticipation and a genuine desire to actually pass on the business. It therefore proved useful to take a practical look at the succession of a managing partner, both in terms of capital devolution and governance. The problem concerns aspects of civil law, company law and tax law, and requires tree-like reasoning in order to deliver a cross- disciplinary analysis.In addition, the paradigm shifts we have encountered mean that we now need to look at the company from a global economic perspective, and aim for a more social form of governance. My reflections also take this new collective interest into account through the creation of « management titles »
Hulin, Anne-Sophie. "La philanthropie au profit des musées d’art : une étude de droit privé comparé (France/États-Unis/Québec)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020070.
Full textWhether resulting from a private or public initiative, art museums have developed through the support of philanthropy (creation, funding the museums’ activities, development of museum collections). In recent years, philanthropy has become an increasingly popular practice in the museum sector, sometimes with the hope of reaching a level comparable to the American philanthropic practice. As a result, the French legislator undertook to support philanthropy by implementing tax incentives. These measures had an important effect as philanthropy for the benefit of art museums developed massively. However, the legal framework for philanthropy remains generally incomplete and its role in encouraging gifts underestimated. This observation has a particular resonance in the context of art museums, where the deficiencies in the legal framework for philanthropy have a significant influence on the conduct of museum activities. This observation is even a matter of urgency in view of the current context in which the legitimacy of tax incentive schemes is being discussed. Consequently, this work focuses on the legal qualification of philanthropic acts for the benefit of art museums in order to determine what complementary legal levers could be put in place to establish an attractive and sustainable legal framework. This approach is enriched by the legal comparison with the United States and Québec, as the former is the reference model for philanthropy for art museums, and the latter allows for a dialogue between civil law and common law traditions. More broadly, this work highlights the challenges related to the development of philanthropy for the benefit of art museums. It also pays particular attention to the power of private will in view of its growing influence on the conduct of activities in the public interest
Ibarra, Garza Rafael. "La protection du patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund : (étude comparée : Droit français-Droit anglais)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020012/document.
Full textThe constitution of a fiducie-trust has the effect of creating a patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund. Because the beneficiaries obtain their benefits from the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund it has to be in a condition that permits them to obtain those benefits. Hence the importance of having adequate means to protect the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund. The protection of the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund starts by preventing it from being harmed. Since any action or any inaction of the fiduciaire-trustee can have negative effects on the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund, it is necessary to begin by protecting it from the fiduciaire-trustee. There are two situations which have been proven to be dangerous to the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund: a) when the fiduciaire-trustee acts in an interest other than that of those of the beneficiaries and b) when the fiduciaire-trustee is negligent in the performance of his obligations. To cope with these two problems and to prevent the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund from being damaged by the fiduciaire-trustee, two obligations are imposed upon him: a) the devoir de loyauté-duty of loyalty and b) the devoir de diligence-duty of care. If the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund is at risk of the actions of the fiduciaire-trustee, it is also at risk of the actions of third parties. The protection of the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund from third parties begin by the ownership of the fiduciaire-trustee and continues by separating the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund from the personal property of the fiduciaire-trustee. Because the preventive measures that protect the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund are not infallible, it is necessary that the constituant and the beneficiaries have access to legal remedies for when the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund has been damaged. Among the remedial protection are those of personal nature, including remedies for specific enforcement of the fiducie-trust and those that tend to repair the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund. To repair the damage caused to the patrimoine fiduciaire-trust fund there are also real remedies. If English law provides true real remedies, in contrast to French law offers "fake" real remedies because even if the nature of those remedies are not strictly real, they have similar effects to those offered by English law
Diallo, Thierno Abdoulaye. "Les propriétés-sûretés en droit de l’OHADA : comparaison avec le droit français." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD060.
Full textProperty-security (title for security purposes) was enshrined in the OHADA law during the reform of the Uniform Act on the organization of security rights on December 15, 2010. This thesis then aims at pointing out the similarities and the differences between the OHADA’s property-security law and the French law. It also challenges the accuracy of recognizing to the owner of the title for security purposes a right in rem in connection with the property concerned, as property-security cannot, as to the law, be assimilated to an ordinary property. By contrast, this study shows that property-security has to be seen as other traditional real guarantees. Therefore, both the OHADA and the French legislators are called to shape the legal regime of the property-security in accordance with that of the traditional real guarantees
Diallo, Abdoulaye. "Protection de l’entrepreneur individuel et droits des créanciers : étude comparée droit français-droit de l’OHADA." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3013/document.
Full textWith regard to the principle of the system of assets, the individual entrepreneur take on all his assets. In case problems occur, his creditors could seize his personal properties and business assets. This unlimited liability of the individual entrepreneur might have serious consequences, especially when he is married, in a civil partnership or in concubinage. The individual entrepreneur's fragility has encouraged the legislature, in the French as well as in the OHADA law, to create mechanisms that would give him the opportunity to put his personal assets immune from the judicial proceedings of his professional creditors. Thus, apart from any associate's appropriation, the individual entrepreneur is now able, under the French law, to keep his personal assets out of his profesional creditors' right of forfeit, through the notarized statement from seizure or the option of the EIRL. Equally, through the matrimonial systems or the technique of the trust, he may limit the rights of his creditors. However, the effectiveness of the mechanisms of protection of the individual entrepreneur is not absolute. Indeed, it is often put into question by former creditors, and even the individual entrepreneur who sometimes may renounce to it in order to get credit. Moreover, when the individual entrepreneur is subjected to a collective proceeding, the effectiveness of the protection is only but relative. The partition of expected assets or the exemption of certain personal belongings from the creditors' forfeit is questioned. Therefore, the protection offered by these mechanisms is only but fallacious, hence the need to strengthen their effectiveness. In the absence of effective mechanisms of protection, the individual entrepreneur may resort to the different procedures of prevention as an alternative to the mechanisms of protection